{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":585,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":585,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12","author_layer_release":"2026-06-26"},"query_hash":"ea8ef86b20c1","filters":{"topic":"Calcium Carbonate Crystallization and Inhibition"}},"results":[{"id":"W2800184149","doi":"10.1126/science.aao2189","title":"Fractal-like hierarchical organization of bone begins at the nanoscale","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Science","topic":"Calcium Carbonate Crystallization and Inhibition","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":644,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"FP7 Nanosciences, Nanotechnologies, Materials and new Production Technologies; Nuclear Physics; British Columbia Knowledge Development Fund; Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council; Wellcome; Imperial College London; Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust; McGill University; Simon Fraser University; Weizmann Institute of Science; Wellcome Trust; Western Economic Diversification Canada","keywords":"Fractal; Mathematics; Mathematical analysis","authors":[{"name":"Natalie Reznikov","is_ca":false},{"name":"Matthew Bilton","is_ca":true},{"name":"Leonardo Lari","is_ca":false},{"name":"Molly M. Stevens","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0100143038382667,"gpt":0.2444108808571561,"spread":0.2343965770188894,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00004798055,0.0001201521,0.0001206292,0.0002268352,0.0002061485,0.0002951926,0.0001601437,0.0001557524,0.0006368755],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001639124,0.000179918,0.0001344689,0.0001209514,0.0004062358,0.0001712585,0.0001434715,0.0002530784,0.0002348027],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002150216,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001529081,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000474183,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008591552,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999405,0.000003711464,0.000002685681,0.00001503652,0.00002665515,0.00001125762],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998808,0.0000278997,0.00003659866,0.00001485267,0.00002032846,0.00001943718],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002077487,0.00001011236,0.0006836558,0.00006042059,0.000007362315,0.0001408878,0.00009271751,0.001843956,0.9841533,0.007472726,0.0002970358,0.005217025],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004365598,0.0002428094,0.03019645,0.00002408283,0.00003625347,0.001757982,0.0001492948,0.05646846,0.8682411,0.0155785,0.02720272,0.00005862823],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8730197,0.001506386,0.108949,0.0002854817,0.00004777219,0.00005234988,0.0003644283,0.0008678199,0.01490712],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9775917,0.0002436856,0.02008506,0.00004857323,0.00001128386,0.00002103547,0.0002357069,0.00004242762,0.001720619],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0006368755,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002130568,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2107401997","doi":"10.1007/s11340-007-9040-1","title":"An Experimental Investigation of Deformation and Fracture of Nacre–Mother of Pearl","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Experimental Mechanics","topic":"Calcium Carbonate Crystallization and Inhibition","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":499,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"National Science Foundation","keywords":"Materials science; Composite material; Ceramic; Microstructure; Composite number; Microscale chemistry; Toughness; Biomimetics; Brittleness; Damage tolerance; Fracture toughness; Slip (aerodynamics); Self-consolidating concrete; Nanotechnology; Compressive strength","authors":[{"name":"François Barthelat","is_ca":true},{"name":"Horacio D. Espinosa","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01327025811264567,"gpt":0.270935441592406,"spread":0.2576651834797604,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00029461,0.0002654904,0.0002892816,0.0002303738,0.0005924625,0.0002195233,0.0008352239,0.0005200306,0.003794416],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006330959,0.0002685681,0.0001946971,0.0003421703,0.0006043084,0.0003520714,0.0003334634,0.000550192,0.0002805315],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004424468,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002403111,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002143227,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002408701,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997063,0.0000231482,0.0000143962,0.0000549889,0.0001274988,0.00007355634],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995906,0.0001305329,0.00007447029,0.00009952927,0.00007793181,0.00002699464],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001204219,0.00006092144,0.000549443,0.00004188267,0.000004868217,0.0001147371,0.00008551295,0.0004452099,0.9971427,0.000301555,0.00005568129,0.001077047],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001491928,0.0003959106,0.006156961,0.000004452417,0.000005131224,0.0001585972,0.00009343139,0.004306935,0.9880707,0.00006946046,0.0007154157,0.000007953711],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9972466,0.0001237661,0.0007261681,0.0000415059,0.000006876356,0.0000148638,0.000139806,0.00002407778,0.001676284],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.997079,0.00007650768,0.0009563352,0.00001478458,0.00000458483,0.00001315461,0.0001501571,0.00001667577,0.001688758],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.003794416,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01269352,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2954337831","doi":"10.1126/science.aaw8988","title":"Impact-resistant nacre-like transparent materials","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Science","topic":"Calcium Carbonate Crystallization and Inhibition","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":484,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Fonds de recherche du Québec – Nature et technologies; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Materials science; Composite material; Brittleness; Toughness; Lamination; Durability; Stiffness; Izod impact strength test; Thermoplastic; Elastomer; Layer (electronics); Ultimate tensile strength","authors":[{"name":"Yin Zhen","is_ca":true},{"name":"Florent Hannard","is_ca":true},{"name":"François Barthelat","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01836886724059545,"gpt":0.2841582780320925,"spread":0.2657894107914971,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00005885115,0.0002804414,0.0001178511,0.0001712497,0.0001200857,0.0001667801,0.00023254,0.0002929586,0.0008736232],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001005554,0.0001857269,0.000171932,0.00007273994,0.0002415575,0.0001928247,0.0001558731,0.0002788592,0.0003245151],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001955715,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001233318,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006485342,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001668847,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999291,0.000004335427,0.000004484662,0.00001605757,0.00002872351,0.00001722909],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999163,0.000009658059,0.0000341473,0.00001090768,0.00001203614,0.0000170073],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007307492,0.000002855072,0.00005337251,0.00002709181,0.000002368295,0.00002444865,0.000006198802,0.000120773,0.9988384,0.000117401,0.00002417926,0.0007757131],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004107979,0.0001008903,0.001314918,0.000004042609,0.000007790551,0.0001468628,0.00001247341,0.000884037,0.9950352,0.00003774588,0.002443346,0.000008549394],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9735797,0.001173537,0.01676352,0.0001199922,0.00006760738,0.0000695364,0.0002399293,0.0006100159,0.007376035],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9868107,0.0005070694,0.009055448,0.0000566132,0.0000126936,0.00003181011,0.0001905519,0.00005151368,0.00328358],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0008736232,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002922595,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2105021118","doi":"10.1016/j.molcel.2006.07.004","title":"Type IV Pilus Structure by Cryo-Electron Microscopy and Crystallography: Implications for Pilus Assembly and Functions","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Molecular Cell","topic":"Calcium Carbonate Crystallization and Inhibition","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":416,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; National Institute of General Medical Sciences","keywords":"Pilus; Biology; Electron microscope; Microscopy; Biophysics; Crystallography; Cell biology; Optics; Genetics; Escherichia coli; Gene; Physics","authors":[{"name":"Lisa Craig","is_ca":true},{"name":"Niels Volkmann","is_ca":false},{"name":"A.S. Arvai","is_ca":false},{"name":"Michael E. Pique","is_ca":false},{"name":"Mark Yeager","is_ca":false},{"name":"Edward H. Egelman","is_ca":false},{"name":"John A. Tainer","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.004657365396794145,"gpt":0.2297550574018547,"spread":0.2250976920050606,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003855018,0.0002356399,0.0002937666,0.0002644435,0.0004330681,0.000943823,0.0005903333,0.0005193744,0.0006193453],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006979653,0.0002091819,0.0001880802,0.0003734565,0.0008565669,0.0007728445,0.0003018499,0.0009745836,0.0002237323],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001034683,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000560305,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003942994,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003622968,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998935,0.00002292015,0.000008434167,0.00001832862,0.00003778378,0.00001897901],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996394,0.0001169184,0.00007581602,0.00006193927,0.00007321298,0.00003276133],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002322567,0.0000257218,0.001664245,0.0001036686,0.000008268562,0.0001075311,0.00007842054,0.000922672,0.9879942,0.004418978,0.0004388874,0.004005194],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002556246,0.00002872624,0.005794122,0.00001294282,0.0000164575,0.0003047503,0.0001115882,0.007766062,0.9810241,0.001218028,0.003681202,0.00001642996],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9439557,0.004481345,0.04091021,0.002649302,0.0001093712,0.00004133215,0.0006507208,0.0002820188,0.006919935],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.980866,0.001421433,0.01580516,0.0001365556,0.00001801608,0.00002443832,0.0004245679,0.00007905717,0.001224841],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.003942994,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.007840097,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2619012812","doi":"10.1002/adma.201700060","title":"Hierarchically Enhanced Impact Resistance of Bioinspired Composites","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Advanced Materials","topic":"Calcium Carbonate Crystallization and Inhibition","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":384,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Office of Naval Research; Canadian Network for Research and Innovation in Machining Technology, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Conch; Materials science; Shell (structure); Hierarchy; Composite material; Lamellar structure; Structural engineering; Nanotechnology; Engineering; Geology","authors":[{"name":"Grace X. Gu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Mahdi Takaffoli","is_ca":false},{"name":"Markus J. Buehler","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01241417135617079,"gpt":0.2914120320449134,"spread":0.2789978606887426,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000921696,0.0002549505,0.0001406721,0.0002219912,0.0001530095,0.0002360563,0.0001787159,0.0002618915,0.0008960356],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001647755,0.0001646473,0.0001415338,0.0001250994,0.0001846523,0.0001706396,0.0002158833,0.0002997743,0.0001932515],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002826424,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001251648,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008060037,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002391336,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998882,0.000005060461,0.000004533793,0.00002119279,0.00005008366,0.00003090987],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999105,0.00001551038,0.00002110886,0.00001045722,0.00002392105,0.00001847973],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000035864,0.00001288054,0.0001503808,0.00003335616,0.00000343632,0.00005889265,0.00002668752,0.0012519,0.9967148,0.0001269479,0.00007791271,0.001506948],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000006196672,0.00009273116,0.001373008,0.000004219626,0.000005821894,0.0000395456,0.00002071084,0.007127868,0.9903922,0.00003216249,0.0008986639,0.00000698858],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9948483,0.0002436173,0.001585131,0.00002148262,0.00002346802,0.000009044862,0.00007456371,0.0002014017,0.002993034],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9979273,0.0000792116,0.001068786,0.00001296885,0.000001957985,0.000007177754,0.00004853806,0.00002051752,0.0008335377],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0008960356,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002997518,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2036639505","doi":"10.1002/anie.201003220","title":"Proto‐Calcite and Proto‐Vaterite in Amorphous Calcium Carbonates","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Angewandte Chemie International Edition","topic":"Calcium Carbonate Crystallization and Inhibition","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":356,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Canadian Light Source (Canada); University of Saskatchewan; Western University","funders":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","keywords":"Vaterite; Calcite; Amorphous calcium carbonate; Amorphous solid; Calcium carbonate; Chemistry; Calcium; Crystallography; Chemical engineering; Mineralogy; Aragonite; Organic chemistry","authors":[{"name":"Denis Gebauer","is_ca":false},{"name":"Philips N. Gunawidjaja","is_ca":false},{"name":"J. Y. Peter Ko","is_ca":true},{"name":"Zoltán Bacsik","is_ca":false},{"name":"Baroz Aziz","is_ca":false},{"name":"Lijia Liu","is_ca":true},{"name":"Yongfeng Hu","is_ca":true},{"name":"Lennart Bergström","is_ca":false},{"name":"Cheuk‐Wai Tai","is_ca":false},{"name":"Tsun‐Kong Sham","is_ca":true},{"name":"Mattias Edén","is_ca":false},{"name":"Niklas Hedin","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01306589445153322,"gpt":0.2602070954418209,"spread":0.2471412009902877,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00005520256,0.000139932,0.00009160661,0.0002204735,0.0002201231,0.0003920027,0.0001688272,0.0001966786,0.000502376],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001018275,0.00009890833,0.00009244493,0.00016362,0.0003081647,0.0001888511,0.0001215148,0.000221195,0.00009581838],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002526541,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002002016,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001364086,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002433244,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999352,0.000004479919,0.000004020636,0.00001772949,0.00002245304,0.00001615831],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999228,0.00001752536,0.00001847774,0.000008656609,0.00001435476,0.00001831522],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009639059,0.000007720198,0.0007928454,0.00005486459,0.000003548077,0.0001012489,0.00003912035,0.0001291204,0.9956929,0.0008594929,0.0000430147,0.002179648],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001627077,0.0001036916,0.01621429,0.000009152062,0.00001225034,0.0006022956,0.0000884679,0.00131348,0.9739178,0.0006265156,0.007086233,0.000009441797],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9917929,0.002052102,0.001648542,0.00004777512,0.00001728986,0.00000905861,0.0001465991,0.00004767354,0.004238054],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9972626,0.0003979011,0.0007759036,0.00001251006,0.000004656311,0.000004531144,0.0001616583,0.000007309593,0.001372999],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001364086,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002712369,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2049847899","doi":"10.1098/rsta.2007.0006","title":"Biomimetics for next generation materials","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A Mathematical Physical and Engineering Sciences","topic":"Calcium Carbonate Crystallization and Inhibition","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":281,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Biomimetics; Nanotechnology; Biomimetic materials; Soft materials; Toughness; Materials science; Biomineralization; Natural materials; Biological materials; Mechanical engineering; Computer science; Engineering; Biochemical engineering; Polymer science; Composite material","authors":[{"name":"François Barthelat","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1212428230644239,"gpt":0.3209760896965976,"spread":0.1997332666321737,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008481576,0.001339273,0.0008615552,0.001935951,0.0005269091,0.001135949,0.001173715,0.002062514,0.01065461],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000831741,0.0004151317,0.0004026414,0.001525183,0.001181549,0.003060689,0.001067752,0.002943322,0.008102424],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001288498,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009696869,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005265842,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008529832,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996382,0.00005010223,0.00002748085,0.00005301575,0.0002008239,0.00003037597],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996969,0.0001346538,0.00003398832,0.00003119533,0.00007454806,0.0000287605],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005150412,0.000135377,0.0001040201,0.006670862,0.00004686517,0.0004140133,0.0002005752,0.001549992,0.01394403,0.1539967,0.09019704,0.732689],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004834033,0.00001458084,0.000045843,0.0004309896,0.000005175731,0.0003078633,0.00001218436,0.000123016,0.001032025,0.007618945,0.9903979,0.000006627131],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0003293327,0.9760255,0.003834971,0.001547397,0.001504775,0.0000311207,0.00003679392,0.00008111134,0.01660912],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.005089196,0.9626816,0.008512666,0.001722658,0.001147549,0.0001383823,0.0001222244,0.00003293962,0.02055282],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01065461,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03564316,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2132876020","doi":"10.1088/1748-3182/5/3/035001","title":"Nacre from mollusk shells: a model for high-performance structural materials","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Bioinspiration & Biomimetics","topic":"Calcium Carbonate Crystallization and Inhibition","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":236,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Toughness; Materials science; Composite number; Toughening; Composite material; Mechanism (biology)","authors":[{"name":"François Barthelat","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0187280607203337,"gpt":0.2438242579297943,"spread":0.2250961972094606,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00005067413,0.0002492121,0.0001219765,0.0001142512,0.0001450891,0.0002584069,0.0003092262,0.0003187061,0.0007711833],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009017241,0.0001017379,0.0001259416,0.00008000457,0.0002058853,0.000287177,0.0001489511,0.000292096,0.0003531291],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002177011,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009702164,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004030627,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006364262,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999561,0.000006494175,0.000002029151,0.000008458966,0.00001997015,0.000006809667],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999634,0.000006187281,0.000009790312,0.00000532281,0.000006878538,0.000008355591],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002712865,0.00001759423,0.00007912115,0.0001611833,0.000004480723,0.00009517919,0.00002398282,0.001676408,0.9885091,0.005058268,0.00017999,0.004167618],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002461997,0.000448757,0.001245188,0.00002946215,0.00001513066,0.0006208665,0.00002966667,0.0164181,0.9428177,0.001808165,0.03651678,0.0000255671],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.912044,0.01141487,0.05006201,0.000850538,0.0001860252,0.0001226103,0.0002707732,0.0005396742,0.02450946],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9651402,0.002908185,0.02576716,0.00007330937,0.00001577385,0.00005653678,0.000145063,0.00004609458,0.005847618],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0007711833,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002579927,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2128451358","doi":"10.1146/annurev-matsci-062910-095806","title":"Deformation and Fracture Mechanisms of Bone and Nacre","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Annual Review of Materials Research","topic":"Calcium Carbonate Crystallization and Inhibition","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":235,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Toughening; Materials science; Ceramic; Composite material; Deformation mechanism; Bioceramic; Deformation (meteorology); Nanotechnology; Microstructure; Toughness","authors":[{"name":"Rizhi Wang","is_ca":true},{"name":"Himadri S. Gupta","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05140797270919419,"gpt":0.3399408030109379,"spread":0.2885328303017437,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001739668,0.0002094041,0.0002628992,0.0002986023,0.0003348734,0.0002967123,0.0006664869,0.0005144018,0.002064493],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003105978,0.0002094527,0.0002315133,0.0001825474,0.0007975719,0.0003775216,0.0003644504,0.0004019453,0.0003709691],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003649053,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000213709,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001310948,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001814239,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997644,0.00001194882,0.000009458859,0.00003678807,0.0001360051,0.00004151152],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999251,0.00002488573,0.00001637031,0.000009769792,0.00001592677,0.00000791905],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001404057,0.0000373725,0.001533117,0.0006461667,0.00002997365,0.0006534257,0.0003738952,0.005250391,0.9454681,0.02104462,0.0003761208,0.02444641],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002713924,0.0004607698,0.02447936,0.00008206221,0.00004445086,0.003945553,0.0006327569,0.02509632,0.8994483,0.01026661,0.03543742,0.00007921773],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.9057257,0.02831266,0.02484344,0.0003780289,0.0001242159,0.00006467153,0.0001526939,0.0001192235,0.04027948],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9866287,0.003969381,0.002709799,0.00007286225,0.00001272648,0.00001711102,0.00009601715,0.00001616496,0.006477346],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.002064493,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.00690645,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2110125545","doi":"10.1039/b704418f","title":"Spiers Memorial Lecture : Lessons from biomineralization: comparing the growth strategies of mollusc shell prismatic and nacreous layers in Atrina rigida","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Faraday Discussions","topic":"Calcium Carbonate Crystallization and Inhibition","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":229,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"Minerva Foundation","keywords":"Biomineralization; Aragonite; Calcite; Nucleation; Amorphous calcium carbonate; Chitin; Materials science; Matrix (chemical analysis); Chemical engineering; Calcium carbonate; Crystallography; Mineralogy; Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Composite material; Chitosan; Organic chemistry","authors":[{"name":"Fabio Nudelman","is_ca":false},{"name":"Hong H. Chen","is_ca":true},{"name":"Harvey A. Goldberg","is_ca":true},{"name":"Steve Weiner","is_ca":false},{"name":"Lia Addadi","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0148787330955981,"gpt":0.2670168413856422,"spread":0.2521381082900441,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00153338,0.000423011,0.000459126,0.0004416095,0.000544241,0.001161716,0.0006602451,0.001132088,0.005897067],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001183513,0.0001241686,0.000278084,0.0002319543,0.0007451086,0.001439874,0.0006861878,0.001814818,0.002231815],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007551339,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004178956,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008998652,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001404974,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997265,0.00005547455,0.00001689656,0.0000631892,0.00008735598,0.00005056693],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994698,0.0001570304,0.00002407027,0.00001497665,0.0001498986,0.0001842926],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001910342,0.0003998351,0.002809651,0.001372646,0.0001513687,0.001019133,0.001260791,0.002495885,0.132354,0.02207953,0.4171119,0.417035],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00008496144,0.001304032,0.00430624,0.0001813861,0.0001526941,0.001142359,0.0007509417,0.001937793,0.1169844,0.01333292,0.8597295,0.00009280672],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1386798,0.3335792,0.02300547,0.3611974,0.06354845,0.0001015902,0.0006106308,0.0007784615,0.078499],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.4053758,0.1947535,0.0152642,0.0247044,0.05407609,0.0001027009,0.0006363455,0.0004391389,0.3046477],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.005897067,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01972771,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1981006644","doi":"10.1021/la100268q","title":"Cavitation in Metastable Liquid Nitrogen Confined to Nanoscale Pores","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Langmuir","topic":"Calcium Carbonate Crystallization and Inhibition","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":211,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Cavitation; Nucleation; Metastability; Materials science; Desorption; Vapor pressure; Mesoporous material; Adsorption; Chemistry; Thermodynamics; Physical chemistry; Organic chemistry","authors":[{"name":"Christopher J. Rasmussen","is_ca":false},{"name":"Aleksey Vishnyakov","is_ca":false},{"name":"Matthias Thommes","is_ca":false},{"name":"Bernd M. Smarsly","is_ca":false},{"name":"Freddy Kleitz","is_ca":true},{"name":"Alexander V. Neimark","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.009948289322215883,"gpt":0.2485827593295817,"spread":0.2386344700073658,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001195086,0.0001796689,0.0002626301,0.0001404049,0.0001746695,0.0002152415,0.0003026665,0.0002287558,0.0003449328],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004816027,0.0001251149,0.0002505384,0.0001165133,0.000476339,0.000382745,0.0002344282,0.0002488298,0.00005940508],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005013159,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002817145,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003378643,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002160243,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999921,0.000007925605,0.000002159565,0.00001738863,0.00002920026,0.00002239524],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998159,0.0001015925,0.00003263121,0.00001154873,0.00002324033,0.00001507949],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001106998,0.00004585558,0.002379558,0.0001113344,0.00002844735,0.0003333503,0.0001459426,0.07734678,0.9130943,0.004402688,0.00004588043,0.001955285],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002763723,0.0002142525,0.003602837,0.000007745535,0.00001566134,0.000107494,0.00004626828,0.4932903,0.5010416,0.001023077,0.0005978115,0.00002528546],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9944465,0.00006982785,0.005052433,0.00001298337,0.000002633848,0.000004420353,0.00001504336,0.00002930495,0.0003668905],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986811,0.00004183383,0.001108878,0.00000354081,0.000001090671,0.000005977879,0.0000198797,0.000009987213,0.0001277931],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.003378643,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.00671792,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2060428146","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0029258","title":"A Model for the Ultrastructure of Bone Based on Electron Microscopy of Ion-Milled Sections","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"PLoS ONE","topic":"Calcium Carbonate Crystallization and Inhibition","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":208,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Hamilton Health Sciences","keywords":"Transmission electron microscopy; Ultrastructure; Electron microscope; Crystallite; Dark field microscopy; Fibril; Crystallography; Ion; Bone mineral; Collagen fibril; Materials science; Biophysics; Chemistry; Microscopy; Anatomy; Mineralogy; Biology; Nanotechnology; Optics; Physics","authors":[{"name":"Elizabeth A. McNally","is_ca":true},{"name":"Henry P. Schwarcz","is_ca":true},{"name":"Gianluigi A. Botton","is_ca":true},{"name":"A. Larry Arsenault","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03597192638924925,"gpt":0.2587874908837687,"spread":0.2228155644945195,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003186083,0.0005914611,0.0003552665,0.0006021127,0.0004741681,0.001121332,0.002053005,0.001175174,0.002966844],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003497984,0.0005353969,0.0005926667,0.0004353462,0.00184596,0.002202597,0.0004711398,0.001083656,0.001439726],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008479538,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004176998,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001723652,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002482046,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998769,0.00002286843,0.000007671377,0.00004415086,0.00003587578,0.00001254456],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998538,0.00004507785,0.0000223846,0.00003385668,0.00002684513,0.00001795618],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001136625,0.00008057139,0.001759693,0.0006830507,0.00006613037,0.00129644,0.0006325282,0.06694607,0.3936376,0.5104355,0.002953082,0.02139573],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009930669,0.0004591573,0.009292737,0.0002837021,0.00007427946,0.004283547,0.0004472052,0.4466467,0.06568601,0.3629338,0.1096587,0.0001347276],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.03719676,0.002162645,0.9416901,0.001093643,0.0003586176,0.0001239416,0.0003472309,0.0008793178,0.01614782],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.3108445,0.00393485,0.6677704,0.0004617354,0.00008846991,0.0003715642,0.0003553758,0.0002660203,0.01590704],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.002966844,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.009925127,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2166283140","doi":"10.1139/cjz-2012-0333","title":"Mollusk shell structures and their formation mechanism","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Zoology","topic":"Calcium Carbonate Crystallization and Inhibition","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":199,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Calcium carbonate; Shell (structure); Biomineralization; Organic component; Aragonite; Materials science; Ecology; Biology; Environmental chemistry; Paleontology; Chemistry; Composite material","authors":[{"name":"Michio Suzuki","is_ca":false},{"name":"Hiromichi Nagasawa","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01023226737933686,"gpt":0.1918298244223561,"spread":0.1815975570430192,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001085321,0.0002682065,0.0001396656,0.000346409,0.0002915382,0.0004327002,0.0003144623,0.000296412,0.0007792595],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016023,0.0002209922,0.000226,0.0001931616,0.0004188983,0.0003126295,0.0002470964,0.0002586495,0.000254217],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005186227,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002704655,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002472534,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002936268,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998685,0.000006635576,0.000007236524,0.00003238244,0.00006223148,0.00002292075],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999429,0.000008638821,0.00002053909,0.000004343027,0.00001513369,0.000008423586],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006553844,0.00001865193,0.001951319,0.0007626443,0.00001792017,0.0004364573,0.0003029507,0.001310794,0.9699488,0.007042577,0.0004515425,0.01769082],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001229424,0.0001542123,0.02570282,0.00009908554,0.00003432884,0.001467183,0.0002493149,0.004878208,0.9258207,0.001506967,0.04003768,0.00003720577],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9066833,0.03901004,0.01751476,0.0003213648,0.00008934046,0.0001235779,0.0006990983,0.0002255793,0.03533285],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9768032,0.00889539,0.005844726,0.00007359008,0.00001827753,0.00004167713,0.000313853,0.00003585762,0.007973427],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.002472534,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004916251,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2605521545","doi":"10.1038/ncomms15066","title":"Chiral acidic amino acids induce chiral hierarchical structure in calcium carbonate","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nature Communications","topic":"Calcium Carbonate Crystallization and Inhibition","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":195,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research; Réseau de Recherche en Santé Buccodentaire et Osseuse; McGill University","keywords":"Biomineralization; Vaterite; Chirality (physics); Enantiomer; Calcium carbonate; Amino acid; Nanoparticle; Biomimetic synthesis; Chemistry; Stereochemistry; Biophysics; Materials science; Nanotechnology; Chiral symmetry breaking; Chemical engineering; Biology; Biochemistry; Organic chemistry; Aragonite; Physics","authors":[{"name":"Wenge Jiang","is_ca":true},{"name":"Michael S. Pacella","is_ca":false},{"name":"Dimitra Athanasiadou","is_ca":true},{"name":"Valentin Nelea","is_ca":true},{"name":"Hojatollah Vali","is_ca":true},{"name":"Robert M. Hazen","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jeffrey J. Gray","is_ca":false},{"name":"Marc D. McKee","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03326285724400676,"gpt":0.3212665166417259,"spread":0.2880036593977192,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006947201,0.0001760438,0.0000990894,0.00008224557,0.0001397891,0.0002132909,0.0001638831,0.0001434422,0.000546928],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001756218,0.000119297,0.000129078,0.00007761097,0.000208386,0.0001142716,0.0001814508,0.0002293768,0.0001347071],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002656737,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000249166,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001285168,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002057513,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999185,0.000008362389,0.000005658551,0.00001473939,0.00002585906,0.00002690427],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999912,0.0000184469,0.00002598138,0.00001033843,0.00001422215,0.00001900082],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002747252,0.000008827477,0.0001264953,0.00002507033,0.000002143936,0.00003278132,0.00001325803,0.000186162,0.9982875,0.0002814452,0.0000388192,0.0009699878],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000006540133,0.00003203566,0.000537073,0.000001425151,0.000002167309,0.00002611009,0.000007580078,0.001350691,0.9972235,0.00005258893,0.0007577888,0.000002608327],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9925487,0.0003342215,0.002791049,0.0000699657,0.00002288885,0.00001759275,0.00004852862,0.0000889037,0.004078194],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.997529,0.000144255,0.001503323,0.00003443437,0.000002618523,0.000008255646,0.00003495536,0.00001479197,0.0007284597],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001285168,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.00255543,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2038075102","doi":"10.1007/s00410-003-0501-y","title":"The solubility of calcite in water at 6?16�kbar and 500?800��C","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology","topic":"Calcium Carbonate Crystallization and Inhibition","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":182,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"National Science Foundation","keywords":"Molality; Calcite; Solubility; Mineralogy; Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Solvus; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Geology; Crystallography; Aqueous solution; Chromatography; Physical chemistry; Microstructure; Physics","authors":[{"name":"N. Caciagli","is_ca":true},{"name":"C. E. Manning","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.00616088836452793,"gpt":0.2484307247093057,"spread":0.2422698363447778,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002013807,0.0002738342,0.0001802102,0.0002698682,0.0005265712,0.0003591928,0.0005345537,0.0003791537,0.002245655],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006916915,0.0001665473,0.0001451615,0.0003403523,0.0005060828,0.0005851416,0.0002113863,0.0004283148,0.0004647443],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005695079,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004873445,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01092686,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.008160751,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998314,0.00001581899,0.00001234078,0.00003192065,0.00006614092,0.00004228947],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998499,0.00005204232,0.00001828525,0.000007782898,0.00005703212,0.00001498569],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001023554,0.00003499088,0.003367278,0.0001266551,0.00002187369,0.000226612,0.0003123719,0.00106406,0.9863259,0.0007776823,0.0004833476,0.006235652],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001997842,0.0001560669,0.006737963,0.000008321031,0.00001209112,0.0001001887,0.000170613,0.001966342,0.9881334,0.0003778543,0.002295787,0.00002139851],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9928503,0.0008383099,0.00103839,0.0001455538,0.00002411991,0.00001183759,0.001166349,0.00004421998,0.003880937],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9944137,0.0003401431,0.0004150437,0.00001769147,0.00000774262,0.00001031418,0.001945262,0.00002007961,0.002830002],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01092686,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02172655,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2523590755","doi":"10.1016/j.eml.2016.09.006","title":"Biomimetic additive manufactured polymer composites for improved impact resistance","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Extreme Mechanics Letters","topic":"Calcium Carbonate Crystallization and Inhibition","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":175,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Defense Science and Engineering Graduate","keywords":"Materials science; Composite material; Toughness; Stiffness; Composite number; Impact resistance; Izod impact strength test; Compression (physics); Ultimate tensile strength","authors":[{"name":"Grace X. Gu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Mahdi Takaffoli","is_ca":false},{"name":"Alex J. Hsieh","is_ca":false},{"name":"Markus J. Buehler","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01710718360991564,"gpt":0.2370928328181506,"spread":0.2199856492082349,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001119707,0.0003357076,0.0001792122,0.0002715062,0.0001690232,0.0003151562,0.000199855,0.0002951881,0.001939115],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001454436,0.000195453,0.0001866446,0.0002067347,0.0001314924,0.0002304817,0.0002128124,0.0004863407,0.000398173],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001941463,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001733503,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002633887,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001037489,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998608,0.00000965977,0.000009503608,0.00002994251,0.00005654036,0.00003357255],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998943,0.00002030622,0.00003339631,0.00001071952,0.00002249447,0.00001884745],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002791278,0.00001634272,0.00003072741,0.00002847208,0.00000226794,0.00002084513,0.000007216625,0.0001215717,0.9981865,0.00009264841,0.00004067728,0.001424653],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000002621406,0.0000465395,0.0002148413,0.000001208629,0.000004367033,0.00001512533,0.000002968887,0.0005025927,0.9985403,0.000006569011,0.0006610274,0.000001886983],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9805843,0.001785399,0.01027811,0.0000997722,0.0001434799,0.00003391129,0.0001502591,0.0003617234,0.00656301],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9905152,0.0003461724,0.004888326,0.00002492296,0.00001123009,0.00001600375,0.00006840308,0.00005497474,0.004074759],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001939115,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.006487012,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2038117525","doi":"10.1016/j.jsb.2015.04.014","title":"Amorphous calcium carbonate controls avian eggshell mineralization: A new paradigm for understanding rapid eggshell calcification","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Structural Biology","topic":"Calcium Carbonate Crystallization and Inhibition","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":170,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación; Agence Nationale de la Recherche","keywords":"Calcite; Amorphous calcium carbonate; Eggshell; Amorphous calcium phosphate; Biomineralization; Calcium carbonate; Mineralization (soil science); Amorphous solid; Mineralogy; Apatite; Calcium; Chemical engineering; Aragonite; Chemistry; Geology; Crystallography; Organic chemistry","authors":[{"name":"Alejandro B. Rodríguez‐Navarro","is_ca":false},{"name":"Pauline Marie","is_ca":false},{"name":"Yves Y. Nys","is_ca":false},{"name":"Maxwell T. Hincke","is_ca":true},{"name":"Joël Gautron","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1092316052341165,"gpt":0.3179246424262538,"spread":0.2086930371921372,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000217447,0.0002770036,0.0002321211,0.0002077695,0.0003766975,0.0009582662,0.0005069487,0.0006853277,0.0009955273],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002900311,0.000291149,0.0002214398,0.0001160652,0.0009244944,0.0006972565,0.0004032849,0.0005726036,0.0002045563],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008413991,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000520061,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003447074,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.007980988,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998713,0.00001000168,0.000008239579,0.00004395895,0.00004139995,0.00002515497],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997892,0.0000479553,0.00005192207,0.00002827602,0.00004103157,0.00004158831],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004387509,0.000008508097,0.0007360049,0.00003452721,0.000003666343,0.00003803876,0.00003463108,0.0002200006,0.9951763,0.001477915,0.00009879562,0.002127665],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004264967,0.0001870767,0.01962396,0.00002550561,0.00002387943,0.000200617,0.0002952646,0.01649287,0.9514673,0.00308026,0.008535447,0.00002514517],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9542335,0.006014697,0.0267626,0.00153589,0.0001828013,0.00003610674,0.0001864034,0.0002950761,0.01075294],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9921644,0.001110046,0.004375931,0.0001092782,0.00002043907,0.000008960495,0.00005687194,0.0000402151,0.002113832],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.003447074,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.006854057,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2016715817","doi":"10.3109/03008200109016840","title":"Ovotransferrin is a Matrix Protein of the Hen Eggshell Membranes and Basal Calcified Layer","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Connective Tissue Research","topic":"Calcium Carbonate Crystallization and Inhibition","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":166,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Ovotransferrin; Oviduct; Eggshell; Chemistry; Calcite; Polyclonal antibodies; Egg white; Biophysics; Biology; Biochemistry; Mineralogy; Antibody; Endocrinology; Immunology","authors":[{"name":"Joël Gautron","is_ca":false},{"name":"Maxwell T. Hincke","is_ca":true},{"name":"M. Panhéleux","is_ca":false},{"name":"Juan Manuel Garcı́a-Ruiz","is_ca":false},{"name":"Thomas Böldicke","is_ca":false},{"name":"Yves Y. Nys","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.08541601029691435,"gpt":0.3827844613846812,"spread":0.2973684510877668,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007131387,0.000269149,0.0001022787,0.0002436662,0.0001618401,0.0002549678,0.00007592517,0.0001582526,0.0005397921],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001065798,0.0001066271,0.0001143557,0.00009368129,0.0001371205,0.0001281458,0.0001559342,0.0001405444,0.0002127514],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002097791,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001306518,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001165967,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001229773,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999589,0.000004082818,0.000002852268,0.00001189713,0.00001304062,0.000009341511],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999535,0.00000548504,0.0000149673,0.000003853029,0.00001057765,0.00001152377],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002133999,0.000001737889,0.0003459867,0.00001530926,0.000001547638,0.00005195342,0.00001076391,0.00001166416,0.9984075,0.00005912705,0.000009336435,0.001063722],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000009447896,0.000138674,0.04678842,0.00002448145,0.0000234922,0.001447395,0.00009080596,0.000806227,0.9392581,0.0001355888,0.01126895,0.000008516136],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.989286,0.002933643,0.005360186,0.00005797293,0.00001333229,0.00002076993,0.0002436036,0.00006007846,0.002024413],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9871902,0.00123395,0.00500722,0.00002610435,0.000007231496,0.00001539239,0.0008218953,0.00001783459,0.005680147],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001165967,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002318382,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3129011046","doi":"10.1186/s12860-021-00350-0","title":"Avian eggshell biomineralization: an update on its structure, mineralogy and protein tool kit","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"BMC Molecular and Cell Biology","topic":"Calcium Carbonate Crystallization and Inhibition","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":165,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Studium Loire Valley-Institute for Advanced Studies; AgreenSkills; Université François-Rabelais; Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement; Agence Nationale de la Recherche","keywords":"Biomineralization; Eggshell; Geology; Mineralogy; Chemistry; Paleontology","authors":[{"name":"Joël Gautron","is_ca":false},{"name":"Lilian Stapane","is_ca":false},{"name":"Nathalie Le Roy","is_ca":false},{"name":"Yves Y. Nys","is_ca":false},{"name":"Alejandro B. Rodríguez‐Navarro","is_ca":false},{"name":"Maxwell T. Hincke","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03326221466056422,"gpt":0.296896217622126,"spread":0.2636340029615618,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002619182,0.001308321,0.001113811,0.006285105,0.0004331725,0.001887968,0.001288309,0.001209078,0.004009379],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004281994,0.0008015396,0.0007651413,0.003941142,0.0004670869,0.002399019,0.001626975,0.001526693,0.005078739],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007091759,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001494686,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002983168,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005946983,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990997,0.0001065855,0.0001643016,0.0002232276,0.000344421,0.00006172862],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9959099,0.001136148,0.0005706125,0.0005506725,0.001311116,0.0005215602],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004920447,0.00008727458,0.01549509,0.006424242,0.0001998711,0.0003149422,0.0003911069,0.001174727,0.05997073,0.002596919,0.1166401,0.796213],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001032243,0.00008028988,0.01338921,0.000940293,0.0001260361,0.000782432,0.00007501654,0.0006564287,0.008009166,0.001142795,0.9747263,0.00006177729],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0708926,0.6208522,0.115516,0.01113146,0.005437219,0.00036534,0.1242199,0.01864479,0.03294048],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.05517978,0.3007112,0.3082606,0.004732776,0.001785602,0.00055559,0.3006858,0.004551848,0.02353686],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.006285105,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0138517,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2040268201","doi":"10.1186/1467-4866-8-13","title":"Biologically induced mineralization of dypingite by cyanobacteria from an alkaline wetland near Atlin, British Columbia, Canada","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Geochemical Transactions","topic":"Calcium Carbonate Crystallization and Inhibition","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":163,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; Western University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of British Columbia","keywords":"Carbonate; Environmental chemistry; Aragonite; Cyanobacteria; Abiotic component; Wetland; Magnesium; Microcosm; Geology; Ecology; Chemistry; Calcite; Mineralogy; Biology","authors":[{"name":"Ian Power","is_ca":true},{"name":"Sasha Wilson","is_ca":true},{"name":"J. Thom","is_ca":true},{"name":"Gregory M. Dipple","is_ca":true},{"name":"Gordon Southam","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.009484956918503071,"gpt":0.2198424610413375,"spread":0.2103575041228344,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001171889,0.0002393963,0.0001827621,0.0002607161,0.001410078,0.0004790182,0.0003642376,0.0001582617,0.0004948289],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001475707,0.00009879936,0.0001047208,0.0003551878,0.0004343458,0.0001041887,0.0003781485,0.0002841582,0.00006960854],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.004630806,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.003462089,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.6516376,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.8611189,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998226,0.000007833797,0.000006621225,0.0000443952,0.00006245438,0.00005610389],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997936,0.00001726706,0.00002539251,0.000008097125,0.00009925779,0.00005637537],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004019549,0.00009436595,0.07415808,0.00009321249,0.00001477535,0.0004896512,0.0007888606,0.0001917617,0.9164372,0.00005393696,0.0001625193,0.007113802],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003799661,0.0004076377,0.9108242,0.00001263621,0.00002854151,0.0001781522,0.001984223,0.0006317004,0.08334479,0.00003019876,0.002504478,0.0000154004],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9990036,0.0000340219,0.00006627411,0.00001362639,0.000001121949,0.00001672567,0.0001060217,0.000003312145,0.0007553347],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982259,0.00008043903,0.000450924,0.0000292417,0.000001221081,0.00002314392,0.0003174325,0.000002383575,0.0008693549],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3483624,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7008279,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2050279121","doi":"10.1016/j.actbio.2010.04.008","title":"Failure mode transition in nacre and bone-like materials","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Acta Biomaterialia","topic":"Calcium Carbonate Crystallization and Inhibition","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":163,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Fonds Québécois de la Recherche sur la Nature et les Technologies; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Faculty of Engineering, McGill University","keywords":"Materials science; Composite material; Toughness; Microscale chemistry; Deformation (meteorology); Microstructure; Fracture toughness; Stiffness; Deformation mechanism; Dissipation; Shear band; Stress (linguistics); Shear (geology)","authors":[{"name":"Reza Rabiei","is_ca":true},{"name":"Sacheen Bekah","is_ca":true},{"name":"François Barthelat","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.00664405736103551,"gpt":0.2336091890952512,"spread":0.2269651317342157,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002244365,0.0001610472,0.0001607252,0.0002934957,0.0002435104,0.0002990841,0.0003672134,0.0003315503,0.002231382],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005558597,0.0001826827,0.0001145314,0.0001034009,0.0003976335,0.0001798492,0.0001233388,0.0001949486,0.0002250603],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003274401,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002024803,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001691149,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002263884,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998615,0.00001099851,0.00000587983,0.00002078863,0.00007000716,0.00003087631],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998412,0.00005467037,0.00002533753,0.00001961027,0.00004162333,0.00001743821],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002182929,0.00003318745,0.0008381827,0.00009911797,0.000006922397,0.0002012207,0.0001591842,0.003211506,0.989361,0.002250797,0.0002379785,0.003382604],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001854991,0.0002508694,0.009534777,0.0000149712,0.000008582952,0.0003085178,0.0001279662,0.03636926,0.9500034,0.0006777131,0.002660753,0.00002466271],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9923895,0.0003687981,0.003028059,0.00003664414,0.00001987942,0.00002123081,0.00006697932,0.00009014084,0.003978735],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9974641,0.00004937149,0.000589188,0.00001051759,0.000001613459,0.00001086894,0.00004214346,0.00001117705,0.001821052],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.002231382,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.007464767,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2116413923","doi":"10.1016/j.gca.2009.04.015","title":"Compositional and morphological features of aragonite precipitated experimentally from seawater and biogenically by corals","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","topic":"Calcium Carbonate Crystallization and Inhibition","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":161,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Aragonite; Abiogenic petroleum origin; Saturation (graph theory); Seawater; Mineralogy; Coral; Artificial seawater; Calcite; Geology; Chemistry; Oceanography; Methane","authors":[{"name":"Michael Holcomb","is_ca":false},{"name":"Anne L. Cohen","is_ca":false},{"name":"R. I. Gabitov","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jeffrey L. Hutter","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008852171640522252,"gpt":0.2446317313583408,"spread":0.2357795597178186,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009064252,0.0001773451,0.0001769584,0.0004647434,0.0002783402,0.0004136472,0.0003269026,0.0002705764,0.0006740186],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002566739,0.000284265,0.0001711838,0.000284731,0.0005180439,0.0001880488,0.0002443099,0.000229165,0.0001348214],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003340011,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002377314,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004939375,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005815312,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999343,0.00000622634,0.000007098873,0.0000153225,0.00002309722,0.00001389476],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998384,0.0000272223,0.000047854,0.0000141375,0.00004133251,0.00003108913],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002748368,0.00001113616,0.008142127,0.00002174334,0.000006847225,0.00004640492,0.00006386107,0.0001041837,0.990492,0.00007264348,0.0000115971,0.000752473],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00005596357,0.0003212291,0.4693949,0.000007022561,0.00004044065,0.0005566926,0.0004415433,0.002373702,0.525667,0.0001091349,0.001015214,0.00001729809],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9992399,0.00005398272,0.0001005061,0.00000469731,0.000001002799,0.000002137766,0.0001075666,0.000004795088,0.0004853942],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990895,0.00004036531,0.000185207,0.000004245338,0.000001092051,0.000004230061,0.0002271427,0.000007128585,0.0004411126],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.004939375,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.009821236,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2335416699","doi":"10.1021/acssuschemeng.5b00035","title":"Sustainable Bio-Inspired Limestone Eggshell Powder for Potential Industrialized Applications","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering","topic":"Calcium Carbonate Crystallization and Inhibition","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":155,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Eggshell; Lime; Bleach; Calcite; Eggshell membrane; Dolomite; Calcium carbonate; Metallurgy; Pulp and paper industry; Chemistry; Mineralogy; Chemical engineering; Waste management; Materials science; Geology","authors":[{"name":"Duncan Cree","is_ca":true},{"name":"Allison Rutter","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01309280234175708,"gpt":0.2321818469345859,"spread":0.2190890445928288,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001110378,0.0002392526,0.0001346246,0.0002396412,0.00008295067,0.0003085812,0.0001986615,0.000299923,0.001108272],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000925784,0.0001284164,0.0001897646,0.0001875328,0.00008805293,0.0002223754,0.0001968856,0.0002099772,0.0003424091],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002083196,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001537147,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002831676,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001181037,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999166,0.000008963778,0.000005879065,0.00001482039,0.00004092217,0.00001295972],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999722,0.000003731727,0.000007957034,0.000002317714,0.000008186443,0.000005507588],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004444553,0.00003890942,0.0002652376,0.0003490739,0.00001030422,0.0001380445,0.0000151906,0.0004972409,0.9889491,0.0006492198,0.0002277994,0.008815561],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00000798191,0.0001334176,0.001295691,0.00002138714,0.00001628078,0.0001495086,0.00003060235,0.002280785,0.9818909,0.0001391188,0.0140277,0.000006668367],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9444051,0.01167476,0.02340406,0.0003316433,0.0001114433,0.00008395586,0.0005351244,0.0002757097,0.01917821],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9803835,0.003436546,0.0105074,0.00005989614,0.00001046463,0.00003815172,0.0002860419,0.000033297,0.005244585],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001108272,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003707469,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1967445791","doi":"10.1016/j.gca.2011.11.003","title":"Calcite growth kinetics: Modeling the effect of solution stoichiometry","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","topic":"Calcium Carbonate Crystallization and Inhibition","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":149,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Darwin Center for Biogeosciences; Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek","keywords":"Calcite; Stoichiometry; Supersaturation; Aqueous solution; Ionic strength; Crystal growth; Crystal (programming language); Chemistry; Electrolyte; Growth rate; Precipitation; Calcium carbonate; Inorganic chemistry; Mineralogy; Thermodynamics; Crystallography; Physical chemistry; Geometry","authors":[{"name":"Mariëtte Wolthers","is_ca":false},{"name":"Gernot Nehrke","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jon Petter Gustafsson","is_ca":false},{"name":"Philippe Van Cappellen","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02353014217515007,"gpt":0.2423236798819375,"spread":0.2187935377067874,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003171352,0.0006990017,0.0006566585,0.0003224765,0.0003500242,0.0007143697,0.0009545957,0.00168358,0.001129065],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001492222,0.0004620155,0.0006046322,0.0004462226,0.0003228385,0.0006521714,0.0002032343,0.0005041994,0.0002210352],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001560861,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001536425,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.05326421,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02871503,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999911,0.00001464671,0.000006407938,0.00002555309,0.00002430789,0.00001812167],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994272,0.0003911754,0.00004675259,0.00002497541,0.00008423245,0.00002569119],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003930516,0.00003983836,0.0009860578,0.00004689184,0.000009416862,0.00004170906,0.00002415849,0.9912144,0.005078645,0.001084962,0.0001115421,0.001323077],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000095391,0.000006447262,0.0001174122,0.000001078807,0.000004184748,0.000005424242,0.000003610748,0.9977877,0.001780444,0.0001382613,0.0001428015,0.000003074454],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9402779,0.0008632041,0.04009362,0.0005146909,0.0000726086,0.00008593735,0.000846939,0.0003602655,0.01688479],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9903858,0.0004167799,0.006119882,0.00004324744,0.000009451888,0.0000552414,0.0001983313,0.00007320307,0.002698065],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.05326421,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1059083,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2004019603","doi":"10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2010.04.018","title":"On the mechanics of fishscale structures","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Solids and Structures","topic":"Calcium Carbonate Crystallization and Inhibition","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":144,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Division of Civil, Mechanical and Manufacturing Innovation; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Stiffening; Context (archaeology); Structural engineering; Material properties; Variety (cybernetics); Structural mechanics; Computer science; Scale (ratio); Biological system; Engineering; Materials science; Physics; Finite element method; Artificial intelligence; Geology","authors":[{"name":"Franck J. Vernerey","is_ca":false},{"name":"François Barthelat","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01036356147473901,"gpt":0.2564322279653375,"spread":0.2460686664905985,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001989288,0.0003086869,0.0004494482,0.0006966657,0.0007971715,0.001335885,0.0009345124,0.0009551324,0.008542784],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001282455,0.0003651543,0.0004062082,0.0003226066,0.002148075,0.001641156,0.001269537,0.0008691041,0.0005333158],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009285357,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000458536,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004278243,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003397016,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999107,0.00001206507,0.000003178373,0.00002153906,0.0000314006,0.0000210874],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999756,0.0001013533,0.00003387016,0.00003068008,0.00003692714,0.00004109216],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004007094,0.00002826294,0.0006843109,0.00007485024,0.00001326232,0.0001372747,0.0002165347,0.1058018,0.005630757,0.8741406,0.002674625,0.01055764],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003639919,0.00003334868,0.002100287,0.0000307071,0.000007935129,0.0001120213,0.0001645756,0.5011314,0.001312575,0.4886222,0.006407049,0.00004146418],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6488699,0.00654928,0.1403072,0.007020112,0.0007801404,0.00009025641,0.0004235684,0.0002748251,0.1956847],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9732715,0.001884337,0.005392333,0.0002179843,0.0001510106,0.00004581712,0.00009207852,0.00009250029,0.01885235],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.008542784,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02857846,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2072792003","doi":"10.1016/j.actbio.2005.08.004","title":"Mechanisms governing the inelastic deformation of cortical bone and application to trabecular bone","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Acta Biomaterialia","topic":"Calcium Carbonate Crystallization and Inhibition","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":143,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Materials science; Deformation (meteorology); Tension (geology); Hysteresis; Compression (physics); Bending; Strain (injury); Composite material; Trabecular bone; Structural engineering; Stress (linguistics); Condensed matter physics; Anatomy; Physics; Engineering; Medicine; Osteoporosis","authors":[{"name":"C. Mercer","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ming He","is_ca":false},{"name":"R. Wang","is_ca":true},{"name":"A.G. Evans","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.00739802705383223,"gpt":0.2257470452535442,"spread":0.218349018199712,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003812018,0.0004204904,0.0004779989,0.0004096071,0.0007556273,0.0007611401,0.0007573785,0.0006142023,0.002481058],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006004391,0.0005245091,0.0003760613,0.0002391276,0.001621999,0.0005142142,0.0005503393,0.0006336681,0.000380781],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009665475,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009690006,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003180586,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003352063,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997663,0.00002002112,0.00001105066,0.00003258624,0.00009055645,0.00007946671],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999734,0.0001260317,0.00005361232,0.00002823711,0.00003466572,0.00002339421],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002951075,0.000112272,0.001251361,0.0004316218,0.00001951255,0.0002854721,0.0001974637,0.008635289,0.9520409,0.02676588,0.0004024036,0.009562724],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00007817971,0.0001385218,0.004715013,0.00002313965,0.00002631876,0.0003897866,0.0002423987,0.03789206,0.9450315,0.00586404,0.005547564,0.00005138149],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8992361,0.01263144,0.05294389,0.002153117,0.0002539995,0.0001915523,0.0002315037,0.0003813985,0.03197696],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.993347,0.002157201,0.001925068,0.00007186388,0.00001887065,0.00002990743,0.00004080561,0.00002224822,0.002387186],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.003180586,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.008300006,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2794774894","doi":"10.1126/sciadv.aar3219","title":"Nanostructure, osteopontin, and mechanical properties of calcitic avian eggshell","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Science Advances","topic":"Calcium Carbonate Crystallization and Inhibition","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":133,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa; McGill University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canadian Institutes of Health Research; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","keywords":"Nanostructure; Eggshell; Osteopontin; Materials science; Phase (matter); Nanotechnology; Biomineralization; Nanoscopic scale; Mineralogy; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Biology; Ecology","authors":[{"name":"Dimitra Athanasiadou","is_ca":true},{"name":"Wenge Jiang","is_ca":true},{"name":"Dina Goldbaum","is_ca":true},{"name":"Aroba Saleem","is_ca":true},{"name":"Kaustuv Basu","is_ca":true},{"name":"Michael S. Pacella","is_ca":false},{"name":"Corinna F. Böhm","is_ca":false},{"name":"Richard R. Chromik","is_ca":true},{"name":"Maxwell T. Hincke","is_ca":true},{"name":"Alejandro B. Rodríguez‐Navarro","is_ca":false},{"name":"Hojatollah Vali","is_ca":true},{"name":"Stephan E. Wolf","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jeffrey J. Gray","is_ca":false},{"name":"Khanh Huy Bui","is_ca":true},{"name":"Marc D. McKee","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01372312560909516,"gpt":0.2544139631346196,"spread":0.2406908375255244,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007985183,0.0001021191,0.00005986531,0.0001077606,0.0001022804,0.0001739497,0.00008593343,0.0001291701,0.0003405436],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000149892,0.0001144752,0.00005557128,0.00005206843,0.0001719948,0.00009486874,0.00008049011,0.0001253883,0.00004958925],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001737538,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008650311,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001338208,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00287332,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999543,0.000003583819,0.000002799398,0.00001006875,0.00002215614,0.000007147225],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999278,0.00002001366,0.00002305945,0.000004006265,0.00001453259,0.00001071606],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001530298,0.000003878428,0.0005965058,0.00001065922,0.000002156057,0.00001423745,0.0000154428,0.0001024456,0.9987274,0.00004059969,0.000008252419,0.0004631321],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000006128167,0.0000815137,0.03759899,0.00000478983,0.00001058523,0.00009121095,0.00007547632,0.00345327,0.9579086,0.00005187704,0.0007112986,0.000006173899],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9988458,0.0001788805,0.0003008898,0.000009157268,0.000001661611,0.000001997378,0.00002411678,0.000003255616,0.0006342281],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990036,0.0001048343,0.0003294497,0.000006422187,8.446488e-7,0.000002962157,0.00004249207,0.000003276471,0.0005060999],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001338208,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002660811,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2046400205","doi":"10.1088/1748-3182/9/3/036005","title":"Fabrication, testing and modeling of a new flexible armor inspired from natural fish scales and osteoderms","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Bioinspiration & Biomimetics","topic":"Calcium Carbonate Crystallization and Inhibition","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":125,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Armour; Flexibility (engineering); Materials science; Substrate (aquarium); Engraving; Interlocking; Bending; Fabrication; Composite material; Structural engineering; Engineering; Geology","authors":[{"name":"Ravi Kiran Chintapalli","is_ca":true},{"name":"Mohammad Mirkhalaf","is_ca":true},{"name":"Ahmad Khayer Dastjerdi","is_ca":true},{"name":"François Barthelat","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04387262736731982,"gpt":0.2533647855236481,"spread":0.2094921581563283,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002162292,0.0002597829,0.0002156864,0.0001832072,0.000174104,0.0003687035,0.0006091633,0.0005705998,0.0006689714],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002881291,0.0001929989,0.0003986845,0.0001452731,0.0004394119,0.0002609352,0.0003296039,0.0001899408,0.0002239611],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003714552,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004309739,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00202766,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001944844,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997888,0.00001046657,0.000008483021,0.00003230484,0.000130054,0.00002992563],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999797,0.00003092863,0.00006111134,0.00004971483,0.00003267687,0.00002848345],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007688842,0.00004719075,0.001754194,0.0001948248,0.00002761868,0.0005619076,0.0001559973,0.1418498,0.8449779,0.001076511,0.0002231772,0.009054121],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004748055,0.001510309,0.01296976,0.00003860738,0.000057407,0.0003331225,0.0001893321,0.6148192,0.3637902,0.0003084124,0.00586885,0.00006722024],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.958496,0.0002348269,0.03698282,0.00008801097,0.00003440848,0.00009036106,0.0002296855,0.0003438498,0.003500067],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9741848,0.0001386623,0.02399431,0.00001261819,0.000002707679,0.00005794747,0.00007570709,0.00001936294,0.001513902],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.00202766,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004031658,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2011476748","doi":"10.1039/c4cp01772b","title":"Linking crystal structure with temperature-sensitive vibrational modes in calcium carbonate minerals","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics","topic":"Calcium Carbonate Crystallization and Inhibition","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":124,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"Weizmann Institute of Science; Canadian Light Source","keywords":"Calcium carbonate; Crystal structure; Carbonate; Calcium; Molecular vibration; Chemistry; Materials science; Mineralogy; Crystallography; Chemical engineering; Molecule; Metallurgy; Organic chemistry","authors":[{"name":"Ben Xu","is_ca":true},{"name":"Kristin M. Poduska","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.009137057617710158,"gpt":0.2251383226377288,"spread":0.2160012650200187,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008830957,0.0001423363,0.00009349494,0.0002859323,0.0001654531,0.0002398896,0.000241717,0.000187646,0.0007719546],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002715199,0.0001312948,0.0001050546,0.0002596935,0.0003453803,0.0001949605,0.0001344369,0.0002652768,0.00006192004],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001741276,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001152729,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001519764,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002386495,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999323,0.000004797239,0.0000029528,0.00001784076,0.0000267262,0.00001539532],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998195,0.0000487844,0.00008429494,0.00001011172,0.00002497787,0.00001235094],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000426517,0.00001531058,0.003391557,0.00003589821,0.000005833969,0.0000209873,0.00004682452,0.0002761742,0.9939959,0.0001071405,0.00001956342,0.002042051],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001540711,0.0001719498,0.07868826,0.000008632196,0.00002180694,0.0001517766,0.0001174259,0.005610061,0.9138784,0.0004171412,0.0009035195,0.00001565162],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.997029,0.0003117363,0.001684236,0.0000298245,0.000006463849,0.000005708343,0.00006812256,0.00001663437,0.0008482183],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9983636,0.0001516632,0.001097274,0.00001906344,0.000003630266,0.000007962163,0.00007046021,0.000005933285,0.0002804255],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001519764,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003021777,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2069393752","doi":"10.1080/01457630590897024","title":"Influence of Surface Properties and Characteristics on Fouling in Plate Heat Exchangers","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Heat Transfer Engineering","topic":"Calcium Carbonate Crystallization and Inhibition","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":121,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Materials science; Fouling; Heat exchanger; Oxidizing agent; Crystallization; Surface roughness; Surface finish; Composite material; Plate heat exchanger; Chemical engineering; Mechanical engineering; Chemistry","authors":[{"name":"Hans U. Zettler","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ming Wei","is_ca":false},{"name":"Qi Zhao","is_ca":false},{"name":"Hans Müller‐Steinhagen","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01833879457347118,"gpt":0.2017355450220885,"spread":0.1833967504486173,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002995626,0.0003294371,0.0003268466,0.0002163035,0.0002554595,0.0005682035,0.0001591319,0.0002538222,0.0007396544],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006880534,0.0001801807,0.0003101947,0.0002110148,0.0002505687,0.000213322,0.0001385122,0.0002309868,0.0001980557],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002252679,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000140435,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001656841,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00189119,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997204,0.00006176874,0.00001440227,0.00003878985,0.0001124865,0.00005209471],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999535,0.0001847939,0.0000854711,0.00003481538,0.0001243058,0.00003570959],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001630236,0.00001210859,0.00151933,0.000044326,0.00001461592,0.00004356477,0.00002431351,0.0004709635,0.9966897,0.00001163459,0.00001359891,0.0009929368],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004096629,0.0002573126,0.01033513,0.000001333439,0.0000202449,0.00006094052,0.0000538975,0.001264026,0.9878333,0.000005724201,0.0001585345,0.000005461347],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9990946,0.0001855626,0.000472652,0.000007691056,0.000004258887,0.00000638055,0.00003085949,0.00001091271,0.0001869723],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991793,0.00009949449,0.0004088693,0.000005935778,0.000002538111,0.000003810378,0.00005436609,0.000007441697,0.0002382523],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001656841,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003294349,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2616469035","doi":"10.1016/j.jmbbm.2017.05.022","title":"Mechanical properties of crossed-lamellar structures in biological shells: A review","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Journal of the mechanical behavior of biomedical materials/Journal of mechanical behavior of biomedical materials","topic":"Calcium Carbonate Crystallization and Inhibition","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":120,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Lamellar structure; Materials science; Toughness; Microscale chemistry; Microstructure; Composite material; Fracture toughness; Nanotechnology; Composite number; Bridging (networking); Computer science","authors":[{"name":"Xiaowu Li","is_ca":false},{"name":"Hongmei Ji","is_ca":true},{"name":"Weiqing Yang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Guangping Zhang","is_ca":false},{"name":"D.L. Chen","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1031388027532257,"gpt":0.3533970444956857,"spread":0.25025824174246,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009109015,0.001217251,0.001849205,0.002580044,0.0003000177,0.001060152,0.001180204,0.001177353,0.001712319],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008401882,0.0005515697,0.0005374813,0.002718738,0.0007724981,0.001597435,0.0008946685,0.001345514,0.001001465],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004763156,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007490302,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007756208,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001538634,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997472,0.00002426597,0.0000434915,0.00005721551,0.0001037142,0.00002407722],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995047,0.000247697,0.00009129278,0.00001500883,0.0001137191,0.00002765365],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000987325,0.0001618406,0.0002571623,0.04079158,0.0001380398,0.0002317831,0.0001191597,0.0008022709,0.01673988,0.004070281,0.01462675,0.9219626],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002669346,0.0002602491,0.001448388,0.00478045,0.000281362,0.001314451,0.0001244958,0.0003669957,0.008452123,0.002023351,0.9808451,0.00007627719],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0003046999,0.9989198,0.0001804332,0.00006874968,0.0001184398,0.00000425748,0.00001697623,0.000004088741,0.0003824517],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.001275246,0.9977008,0.0003364206,0.00008437059,0.0001299482,0.000006849908,0.00002398183,0.000001675866,0.0004407804],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.002580044,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005728304,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1979874829","doi":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2012.07.006","title":"Crystallization fouling of CaCO3 – Analysis of experimental thermal resistance and its uncertainty","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer","topic":"Calcium Carbonate Crystallization and Inhibition","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":116,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Jenny ja Antti Wihurin Rahasto; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Fouling; Crystallization; Materials science; Nucleation; Heat exchanger; Chemical engineering; Crystal (programming language); Volumetric flow rate; Heat transfer; Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Membrane","authors":[{"name":"Tiina Pääkkönen","is_ca":true},{"name":"Markus Riihimäki","is_ca":false},{"name":"Carey J. Simonson","is_ca":true},{"name":"Esa Muurinen","is_ca":false},{"name":"Riitta L. Keiski","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01679834879956207,"gpt":0.272358296717723,"spread":0.255559947918161,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002072377,0.0003854629,0.0003366287,0.0004631178,0.0007589285,0.0004865,0.0005978662,0.0004770033,0.0008288631],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004509014,0.0002171809,0.0006543642,0.0006863765,0.0008113324,0.0004048916,0.0003789635,0.0005772669,0.0001308323],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001034317,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003932512,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.007496249,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00497082,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986432,0.0002796325,0.0001019827,0.000318326,0.0005501522,0.0001066614],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9968538,0.001695292,0.0002214846,0.0007750317,0.0004269988,0.00002750064],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001736604,0.0002566689,0.02523789,0.0002768977,0.0002062446,0.0001218033,0.0004428001,0.04187898,0.9075521,0.002503481,0.0003051724,0.01948147],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001837232,0.0002144152,0.02873061,0.0000102844,0.00006834397,0.00006540561,0.00005522911,0.0528263,0.916627,0.0003815518,0.0009677886,0.00003484532],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9711982,0.0004617561,0.02469427,0.00006584069,0.00004390644,0.0000494065,0.0005529686,0.00009707997,0.002836661],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9961296,0.000122219,0.003052968,0.00001356308,0.000006536138,0.00004134995,0.0002700782,0.00002839743,0.0003351794],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.007496249,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01490521,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2124702723","doi":"10.1557/jmr.2011.65","title":"A novel biomimetic material duplicating the structure and mechanics of natural nacre","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of materials research/Pratt's guide to venture capital sources","topic":"Calcium Carbonate Crystallization and Inhibition","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":116,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Materials science; Natural (archaeology); Polymer science; Nanotechnology","authors":[{"name":"François Barthelat","is_ca":true},{"name":"Deju Zhu","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03371803502292151,"gpt":0.3012911308781654,"spread":0.2675730958552439,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001267008,0.0002446386,0.0001721267,0.0002173572,0.0002034244,0.0002777477,0.0004926071,0.0004702521,0.001405458],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001880065,0.0001708527,0.0001576473,0.000129746,0.0001923722,0.0003447237,0.0002359711,0.0004497467,0.0004806648],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002051281,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002368149,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004079323,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001522361,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999223,0.000005605843,0.000007551159,0.00001649495,0.00003477905,0.00001328177],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998882,0.00001427557,0.00002894292,0.00002076651,0.00002392533,0.00002387746],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001192994,0.00001218107,0.00004197479,0.00005665664,0.000002401192,0.00004537661,0.00001010557,0.0001937135,0.9959668,0.000454261,0.0001259772,0.003078727],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001236359,0.0001748752,0.0007781162,0.00001135746,0.00001204163,0.0003154626,0.00002471191,0.002437921,0.9813483,0.000112705,0.01475352,0.00001866306],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9441419,0.002615754,0.03324432,0.0003626749,0.0006267219,0.0001474365,0.0005442858,0.0006680365,0.01764889],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.938108,0.0009312945,0.04740992,0.0002134919,0.00005660901,0.000105299,0.0004041312,0.00009206039,0.01267907],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001405458,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004701674,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2008952409","doi":"10.1088/1748-3190/10/2/026005","title":"A laser-engraved glass duplicating the structure, mechanics and performance of natural nacre","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Bioinspiration & Biomimetics","topic":"Calcium Carbonate Crystallization and Inhibition","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":115,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Fonds de recherche du Québec – Nature et technologies; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; McGill University","keywords":"Materials science; Brittleness; Composite material; Toughness; Borosilicate glass; Fabrication; Engraving; Hardening (computing); Strain hardening exponent; Microstructure; Polyurethane; Stiffness","authors":[{"name":"François Barthelat","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02409768506903658,"gpt":0.2377617024892195,"spread":0.2136640174201829,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006513777,0.0002240815,0.0001050657,0.0001780686,0.0001383585,0.0001552027,0.0002434899,0.0002171194,0.0006866699],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000119778,0.0001843501,0.0001608943,0.0001130951,0.0002749735,0.0001520248,0.0001664962,0.000221112,0.0001618006],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002869471,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002105853,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001317781,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00285275,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999084,0.000003941388,0.000004764062,0.0000282163,0.00003511635,0.00001940663],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998982,0.00001631456,0.0000364379,0.00002441738,0.00001281541,0.00001170773],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007619528,0.000002779449,0.00005738857,0.000006572987,9.37331e-7,0.00001250325,0.000009028752,0.00006360926,0.9993486,0.00004915961,0.000006133151,0.0004356625],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00000212374,0.00007071397,0.00129121,7.465878e-7,0.000003175173,0.00004306677,0.000005479243,0.0006230865,0.997463,0.000007164882,0.0004870222,0.00000317687],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9952401,0.0001205648,0.003301336,0.00001695863,0.00001389232,0.00001573527,0.00007056998,0.0001033215,0.001117521],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9902402,0.00009651136,0.007377397,0.00001205072,0.000003869669,0.00001609947,0.00007426464,0.00003169153,0.002147829],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001317781,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.00262028,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1977819289","doi":"10.1002/adma.201003890","title":"Decoupling Local Disorder and Optical Effects in Infrared Spectra: Differentiating Between Calcites with Different Origins","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Advanced Materials","topic":"Calcium Carbonate Crystallization and Inhibition","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":113,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"","keywords":"Decoupling (probability); Infrared; Materials science; Optical spectra; Spectral line; Infrared spectroscopy; Crystallite; Calcite; Nanotechnology; Mineralogy; Optics; Physics; Chemistry; Quantum mechanics; Engineering","authors":[{"name":"Kristin M. Poduska","is_ca":true},{"name":"Lior Regev","is_ca":false},{"name":"Elisabetta Boaretto","is_ca":false},{"name":"Lia Addadi","is_ca":false},{"name":"Steve Weiner","is_ca":false},{"name":"Leeor Kronik","is_ca":false},{"name":"Stefano Curtarolo","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.005339445796717952,"gpt":0.2365834867944299,"spread":0.231244040997712,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002623981,0.000344517,0.000253407,0.0004879234,0.0002252445,0.0004719003,0.0002926211,0.0002492577,0.0007145382],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005320173,0.0001841221,0.0001309411,0.000360866,0.0004999304,0.0003698103,0.0002720827,0.0005054371,0.0002264454],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001948497,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002547331,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007835706,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001757683,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998828,0.00001623422,0.000005197808,0.00003414208,0.00004268412,0.00001884843],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997407,0.0001310467,0.00004670744,0.00002457467,0.00003455208,0.00002244872],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006960575,0.0000172701,0.0009590267,0.00006730299,0.000004954304,0.00001690902,0.00004610085,0.0002101894,0.9882932,0.0002498202,0.00006206382,0.01000358],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000006055189,0.00002500555,0.003568246,0.000003717233,0.00001222512,0.00005593231,0.0000349048,0.003149371,0.9922502,0.0002470446,0.0006388092,0.000008530167],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9393214,0.001684377,0.05306128,0.0001496303,0.00003140199,0.00002547001,0.0001707892,0.0002846867,0.005271029],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9770222,0.001017867,0.01969921,0.00004154502,0.00001177356,0.00002442771,0.0002043003,0.00007327474,0.001905467],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0007835706,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002390385,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2010188107","doi":"10.1016/j.cherd.2011.11.022","title":"Synthesis of pure aragonite by sonochemical mineral carbonation","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Process Safety and Environmental Protection","topic":"Calcium Carbonate Crystallization and Inhibition","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":111,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Aragonite; Carbonation; Magnesium; Calcium carbonate; Calcite; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Acicular; Mineralogy; Particle size; Inorganic chemistry; Chemistry; Metallurgy; Composite material; Microstructure","authors":[{"name":"Rafael M. Santos","is_ca":false},{"name":"Pieter Ceulemans","is_ca":false},{"name":"Tom Van Gerven","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01135869323051207,"gpt":0.1901417292160731,"spread":0.178783035985561,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009502058,0.0002245947,0.0002795487,0.0003183305,0.0001745543,0.0002608969,0.0003239021,0.0002091071,0.0009915455],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001468841,0.0001927623,0.0001662766,0.0002933309,0.0001432308,0.0001661519,0.000129211,0.0003156463,0.0003445123],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003424501,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000452243,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001410675,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004770595,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999136,0.000005349836,0.000006605719,0.00001529561,0.00004111298,0.00001809481],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999379,0.000008152645,0.000007398763,0.000009759115,0.00002359523,0.00001316676],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003929071,0.00001146113,0.0000576524,0.00005284108,0.000005407093,0.00003723814,0.0000107213,0.0001284158,0.996017,0.0001486965,0.00005091228,0.003440259],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001069727,0.000037394,0.0003437913,0.000001504576,0.000006054305,0.00004127593,0.000005376195,0.0006135923,0.9961537,0.00005334136,0.002729989,0.00000324647],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9699417,0.002107901,0.01622198,0.0001273207,0.0001182654,0.00007861436,0.0007169926,0.0003523506,0.01033477],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9855977,0.0006250486,0.009007217,0.00002209196,0.000008812181,0.00001828169,0.0003677883,0.00008233145,0.004270866],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001410675,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003317058,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3197087981","doi":"10.1126/science.abf0277","title":"Centrifugation and index matching yield a strong and transparent bioinspired nacreous composite","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Science","topic":"Calcium Carbonate Crystallization and Inhibition","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":106,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Materials science; Composite material; Composite number; Fabrication; Fracture toughness; Toughness; Yield (engineering)","authors":[{"name":"Ali Amini","is_ca":true},{"name":"Adele Khavari","is_ca":true},{"name":"François Barthelat","is_ca":true},{"name":"Allen J. Ehrlicher","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02500260173028327,"gpt":0.2572946726423928,"spread":0.2322920709121095,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001200855,0.0003996651,0.0001478149,0.0003590267,0.0001957953,0.0001434548,0.0001679218,0.0003321394,0.0009032208],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000159786,0.0001661284,0.0002026437,0.0001259408,0.000177451,0.0001540543,0.0001638124,0.000341435,0.0002698134],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000235449,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002036129,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001103387,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004693533,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998537,0.000006347021,0.00001213099,0.00003992039,0.00006160529,0.00002620206],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999863,0.00002746434,0.00003625092,0.00001218074,0.00003609368,0.00002492789],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004457353,0.000001858061,0.0000158535,0.000006044249,8.875592e-7,0.00001257627,0.000003223965,0.0000152723,0.9996501,0.0000185107,0.000008469824,0.000262858],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000001784436,0.00002876022,0.0005756292,0.00000180368,0.0000033345,0.00005742927,0.000006110915,0.0002924038,0.9982355,0.00001136064,0.0007824341,0.000003479637],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9623922,0.001512288,0.02737915,0.000184689,0.0001350451,0.000165756,0.0003800175,0.0005528089,0.007298084],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9683825,0.0004398582,0.02585012,0.0000760195,0.00001432407,0.00005214722,0.0002759812,0.00007934202,0.004829617],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001103387,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003021598,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2027705102","doi":"10.1073/pnas.1408621111","title":"Immunolocalization of skeletal matrix proteins in tissue and mineral of the coral <i>Stylophora pistillata</i>","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","topic":"Calcium Carbonate Crystallization and Inhibition","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":104,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey; Princeton University; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Stylophora pistillata; Biomineralization; Aragonite; Biology; Anthozoa; Calcification; Coral; Cell biology; Matrix (chemical analysis); Proteome; Extracellular matrix; Skeleton (computer programming); Chemistry; Biochemistry; Anatomy; Pathology; Ecology; Calcite","authors":[{"name":"Tali Mass","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jeana L. Drake","is_ca":false},{"name":"Esther C. Peters","is_ca":false},{"name":"Wenge Jiang","is_ca":true},{"name":"Paul G. Falkowski","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0168067621523522,"gpt":0.2755223808164354,"spread":0.2587156186640832,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008910548,0.000261038,0.0001013736,0.0004133128,0.0003300832,0.0002108766,0.0001839495,0.0002398535,0.0008224444],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008933239,0.0001531118,0.0001807964,0.0002144013,0.0003057766,0.0001749636,0.0003201182,0.0002479106,0.0002480832],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003089678,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002361464,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002184345,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004049802,"domain_scores_codex":[0.99993,0.000004601717,0.000005092271,0.00002663886,0.00001836953,0.00001519444],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999022,0.00001889671,0.00003255548,0.00001244865,0.00001150328,0.00002226356],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002646429,0.000002921603,0.0008850054,0.00002415693,0.000002988207,0.00007033224,0.00002236091,0.000018595,0.9979722,0.00006420774,0.00001843844,0.0008923461],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001930682,0.0002668518,0.2438715,0.00002632982,0.00004356573,0.001635091,0.0003356218,0.0009941809,0.7479754,0.0001527002,0.004666016,0.00001337541],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.995676,0.0007923183,0.001482565,0.00007885358,0.000007774704,0.00000896698,0.0002498893,0.00003571848,0.001667918],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9928805,0.0006965054,0.00392254,0.00007288445,0.000007901718,0.00002860193,0.0005197542,0.00001855708,0.00185265],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.002184345,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004343212,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2596882092","doi":"10.1016/j.actbio.2017.03.025","title":"A comparative study of bio-inspired protective scales using 3D printing and mechanical testing","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Acta Biomaterialia","topic":"Calcium Carbonate Crystallization and Inhibition","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":104,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Stiffness; Flexibility (engineering); 3D printing; Scale (ratio); Natural (archaeology); Structural engineering; Flexural strength; Materials science; Computer science; Nanotechnology; Mechanical engineering; Biomedical engineering; Engineering; Composite material; Biology; Mathematics; Physics","authors":[{"name":"Roberto Martini","is_ca":true},{"name":"Yanis Balit","is_ca":true},{"name":"François Barthelat","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.09769901426374898,"gpt":0.3316350127585418,"spread":0.2339359984947928,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006328437,0.0004491347,0.0003878736,0.0004630081,0.000292776,0.0006255699,0.0004579347,0.0005941432,0.001453133],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001109976,0.000205953,0.0004753789,0.0005446826,0.0006366919,0.0004825709,0.0003220835,0.0003799126,0.0002222631],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002647114,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001991406,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005656597,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001002164,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991872,0.00007509839,0.00006941201,0.0001040759,0.0004720683,0.00009222093],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986709,0.0005544209,0.0002249325,0.0002403183,0.0002427945,0.00006673271],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008587294,0.00003613264,0.00034717,0.00008062201,0.000006368727,0.00007836392,0.00009668065,0.0003724917,0.9938056,0.00009464996,0.00001900033,0.004976917],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000005476902,0.0002998863,0.005353646,0.000006113656,0.00002252299,0.0001086873,0.00009606429,0.002484101,0.9908433,0.00006051983,0.0007057572,0.00001394676],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.983954,0.00150737,0.01102778,0.00004784029,0.00006751756,0.00007252495,0.0001585151,0.000123167,0.003041304],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9919629,0.0003731954,0.00629842,0.00001943133,0.00001287487,0.00002725521,0.00005199761,0.00002481665,0.001229123],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001453133,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004861236,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2085117642","doi":"10.1016/j.jmbbm.2012.09.004","title":"The weak interfaces within tough natural composites: Experiments on three types of nacre","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of the mechanical behavior of biomedical materials/Journal of mechanical behavior of biomedical materials","topic":"Calcium Carbonate Crystallization and Inhibition","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":101,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Faculty of Engineering, McGill University","keywords":"Materials science; Toughness; Composite material; Brittleness; Fracture toughness; Microstructure; Stiffness; Deflection (physics)","authors":[{"name":"Ahmad Khayer Dastjerdi","is_ca":true},{"name":"Reza Rabiei","is_ca":true},{"name":"François Barthelat","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02484721711950908,"gpt":0.2920942792716372,"spread":0.2672470621521281,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003962289,0.0003692996,0.0002537924,0.0002186982,0.000427203,0.0002627857,0.0004084086,0.0004661681,0.001881292],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006428374,0.0002703031,0.0001447822,0.0001941882,0.0005447953,0.0003973959,0.0003135641,0.0005099655,0.0001721551],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002738919,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002620444,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00346091,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004496828,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996139,0.00003497235,0.00002183519,0.00007323157,0.0001387927,0.0001173079],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999256,0.0002715295,0.0001340489,0.00006967034,0.0001774424,0.00009128285],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000138829,0.0000240032,0.00006340138,0.00002605752,0.000002492322,0.00001979038,0.00005474899,0.0001052318,0.9992757,0.00003950694,0.00001195572,0.0002383044],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000127741,0.0001620892,0.000872698,0.000002675241,0.000007018715,0.00002417282,0.00004144272,0.0006302423,0.9980351,0.00001309539,0.0001945187,0.000004247787],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9983277,0.0001484947,0.0007537122,0.00001241292,0.00001115934,0.00001734148,0.00004116817,0.00002287727,0.0006651846],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9975689,0.0001171737,0.001291347,0.00002026276,0.00000419169,0.00001846228,0.00006295872,0.000026344,0.0008904118],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.00346091,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.006881535,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2069136258","doi":"10.1016/j.jmbbm.2014.09.025","title":"Teleost fish scales amongst the toughest collagenous materials","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of the mechanical behavior of biomedical materials/Journal of mechanical behavior of biomedical materials","topic":"Calcium Carbonate Crystallization and Inhibition","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":98,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Materials science; Toughening; Composite material; Fracture mechanics; Toughness; Bridging (networking); Cohesion (chemistry); Fracture (geology); Tension (geology); Fracture toughness; Structural engineering; Ultimate tensile strength; Computer science; Chemistry; Engineering","authors":[{"name":"Ahmad Khayer Dastjerdi","is_ca":true},{"name":"François Barthelat","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01485087341995017,"gpt":0.2540855066449477,"spread":0.2392346332249976,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001166009,0.0003782555,0.0002088703,0.0006587759,0.0005324505,0.0005335476,0.0001806078,0.0002742261,0.005366945],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002280281,0.0002354485,0.000217834,0.0004081237,0.0004967014,0.0003700797,0.0003774713,0.0002889321,0.0009429237],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002792075,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003130525,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00362824,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01300794,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998814,0.000004035301,0.000006564686,0.00003857827,0.00004399492,0.0000254046],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996464,0.00005809216,0.0001460089,0.00002132518,0.00005511885,0.00007297752],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006771157,0.00001130482,0.01091861,0.0001184978,0.00002207634,0.0001283276,0.0001130554,0.0001086893,0.9768971,0.000171505,0.0001600534,0.01128302],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000196851,0.00051639,0.6636986,0.00007726686,0.0001065215,0.001839262,0.001258654,0.000771965,0.3080361,0.0002862351,0.0233357,0.00005364962],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9907333,0.001134966,0.002171545,0.00008278232,0.00002854835,0.00002500023,0.0004915676,0.00008744214,0.00524483],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9800275,0.000941718,0.005335199,0.00008838674,0.00001712013,0.00002285804,0.0004852642,0.00003941967,0.01304253],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.005366945,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01795423,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2472445034","doi":"10.1002/anie.201603176","title":"Water as the Key to Proto‐Aragonite Amorphous CaCO<sub>3</sub>","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Angewandte Chemie International Edition","topic":"Calcium Carbonate Crystallization and Inhibition","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":97,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"Energimyndigheten; Vetenskapsrådet; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Knut och Alice Wallenbergs Stiftelse; Fonds der Chemischen Industrie","keywords":"Aragonite; Amorphous calcium carbonate; Calcite; Vaterite; Amorphous solid; Chemistry; Calcium carbonate; Crystallography; Polyamorphism; Atmospheric temperature range; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Mineralogy; Thermodynamics; Organic chemistry","authors":[{"name":"Masoud Farhadi‐Khouzani","is_ca":false},{"name":"Daniel M. Chevrier","is_ca":true},{"name":"Peng Zhang","is_ca":true},{"name":"Niklas Hedin","is_ca":false},{"name":"Denis Gebauer","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0122970066981737,"gpt":0.239118539573036,"spread":0.2268215328748623,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006874091,0.000238602,0.0001366179,0.00005662318,0.0001353053,0.0003437282,0.0002171372,0.0001922368,0.001288861],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001648837,0.0001299263,0.0001397145,0.0001030035,0.0004016158,0.0003386927,0.0001969618,0.0004136239,0.0003013808],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002217826,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001922347,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007511188,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001359422,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999108,0.000009074916,0.000005902425,0.00002906727,0.00002600301,0.00001908931],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999133,0.00002343999,0.00002701302,0.000007955123,0.00001484049,0.00001328205],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006361101,0.000005093797,0.0002388938,0.00007112161,0.000002822082,0.00002572344,0.00001673401,0.00006333003,0.9968232,0.0004104555,0.00004193479,0.002237109],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00000287735,0.00005030969,0.001874633,0.000005132645,0.000007753093,0.00008044283,0.00003438153,0.0005404385,0.9944246,0.0002248493,0.002750609,0.000003996576],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9707908,0.003290103,0.01538916,0.0003661368,0.0001291547,0.00006523312,0.000415451,0.0002694864,0.009284469],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9952993,0.0003837215,0.002680271,0.00005176783,0.000006930542,0.0000149109,0.0001098367,0.00004025981,0.001413047],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001288861,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004311681,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2158510936","doi":"10.1023/b:aqua.0000038958.56221.b4","title":"The Behavior of Mixed Ca–Mn Carbonates in Water and Seawater: Controls of Manganese Concentrations in Marine Porewaters","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Aquatic Geochemistry","topic":"Calcium Carbonate Crystallization and Inhibition","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":95,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Université du Québec à Montréal","keywords":"Rhodochrosite; Seawater; Calcite; Dissolution; Manganese; Carbonate; Chemistry; Distilled water; Artificial seawater; Solubility; Solubility equilibrium; Mineralogy; Carbonate minerals; Precipitation; Geology; Inorganic chemistry; Chromatography","authors":[{"name":"Alfonso Mucci","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.006980695704083799,"gpt":0.2174900334043349,"spread":0.2105093377002511,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001311127,0.0001594003,0.0001312664,0.0001815683,0.000243964,0.0005355161,0.0003007574,0.000220904,0.0005143515],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003792813,0.0002096059,0.000100544,0.0001103139,0.0003434825,0.000330421,0.0002173025,0.0002026217,0.00008866118],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007149571,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003353764,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01885647,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01926711,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999006,0.000008691358,0.00000658148,0.00003472573,0.00002442275,0.00002504081],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999841,0.00004192781,0.00003874772,0.000009215757,0.00004012921,0.00002890144],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000348746,0.00001297999,0.02078751,0.00002636513,0.00001556385,0.00004751904,0.0001670377,0.000343759,0.9758873,0.0002896053,0.00006214881,0.002011413],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003349788,0.0002391878,0.1981889,0.000008938549,0.00003448786,0.000165257,0.0006449092,0.01141187,0.786422,0.0003520255,0.002473491,0.00002549354],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9990208,0.0001142186,0.000243663,0.00002653523,0.000002006718,0.000002415757,0.00007805612,0.000009448903,0.0005028503],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994491,0.00004110164,0.0001490179,0.000004735724,0.000001036763,0.000001811768,0.00003878854,0.000004199951,0.0003102102],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01885647,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03749341,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2093299830","doi":"10.1002/cjce.20673","title":"Synthesis of CaCO<sub>3</sub> nanoparticles by controlled precipitation of saturated carbonate and calcium nitrate aqueous solutions","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Calcium Carbonate Crystallization and Inhibition","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":94,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Université Laval; Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada","funders":"Fonds Québécois de la Recherche sur la Nature et les Technologies","keywords":"Calcium carbonate; Aragonite; Particle size; Calcite; Aqueous solution; Nanoparticle; Precipitation; Thermogravimetric analysis; Carbonate Ion; Calcium nitrate; Inorganic chemistry; Carbonate; Sodium carbonate; Mineralogy; Chemical engineering; Particle (ecology); Chemistry; Calcium; Materials science; Nuclear chemistry; Sodium; Nanotechnology; Geology; Organic chemistry","authors":[{"name":"Romuald Babou‐Kammoe","is_ca":true},{"name":"Safia Hamoudi","is_ca":true},{"name":"Faı̈çal Larachi","is_ca":true},{"name":"Khaled Belkacemi","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0148402467319419,"gpt":0.1838179287509384,"spread":0.1689776820189965,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000159038,0.0002897445,0.0003283597,0.0001494936,0.0001495015,0.0002674038,0.0002415999,0.000306727,0.0005502929],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002837984,0.0002046967,0.0002609646,0.0001567123,0.0002085279,0.0001664073,0.0001561459,0.0003117717,0.0002219979],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005422653,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003168858,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002053927,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004498245,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998492,0.00001059988,0.0000165418,0.00004065333,0.00006076177,0.00002213823],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998583,0.00002749547,0.00003495011,0.00001126058,0.00004890214,0.00001916656],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003004247,0.000007237231,0.00004098853,0.00006116828,0.000003115587,0.00001966586,0.000007703295,0.00009249726,0.9987167,0.0000687555,0.00002914038,0.0009230053],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001208809,0.00004671072,0.0005225225,0.000003759307,0.000007244028,0.00005127439,0.000004135703,0.001032357,0.99689,0.0000213596,0.001405113,0.00000343831],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9674887,0.00198337,0.02204929,0.0001545936,0.0001238258,0.0002376847,0.0004526321,0.0002993251,0.007210515],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9698982,0.0009115404,0.02574892,0.00007331571,0.00001405501,0.0001152642,0.0003081545,0.00009939633,0.002831006],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.002053927,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004083931,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2811119706","doi":"10.1002/adfm.201803073","title":"Revealing the Mechanics of Helicoidal Composites through Additive Manufacturing and Beetle Developmental Stage Analysis","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Advanced Functional Materials","topic":"Calcium Carbonate Crystallization and Inhibition","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":92,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Air Force Office of Scientific Research; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Helicoid; Materials science; Bionics; Isotropy; Biomimetics; Biomimetic materials; Solid mechanics; Composite material; Toughness; Mechanical engineering; Computer science; Nanotechnology; Geometry; Artificial intelligence; Physics; Optics; Mathematics","authors":[{"name":"Alireza Zaheri","is_ca":false},{"name":"Joel S. Fenner","is_ca":false},{"name":"B. Russell","is_ca":false},{"name":"David Restrepo","is_ca":false},{"name":"Matthew Daly","is_ca":false},{"name":"Di Wang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Cheryl Y. Hayashi","is_ca":false},{"name":"Marc A. Meyers","is_ca":false},{"name":"Pablo Zavattieri","is_ca":false},{"name":"Horacio D. Espinosa","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01799819057927441,"gpt":0.2451548600775064,"spread":0.227156669498232,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009892201,0.0001464425,0.00008291959,0.0005507638,0.000140902,0.0002290243,0.0001387702,0.0001817871,0.00136455],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001039909,0.0001565366,0.0001241917,0.0003105412,0.0001781405,0.0001230907,0.0001143091,0.0001924318,0.0001758465],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001897049,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00011414,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008872467,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002052779,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999321,0.00000344848,0.000003008747,0.00001557733,0.00003442489,0.00001151331],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998813,0.00003052211,0.0000421247,0.00001476992,0.00002258816,0.000008742181],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002160681,0.00001107327,0.001334494,0.00003327691,0.000003024777,0.00005797036,0.00004945622,0.002915619,0.9897742,0.0003044883,0.00003947802,0.005455266],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00000173069,0.00012122,0.03354071,0.000009576233,0.0000131277,0.000127505,0.00009606148,0.04880483,0.914862,0.0001487814,0.002255175,0.00001933685],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9830634,0.0003629619,0.01321425,0.00001568445,0.00000777611,0.00001193144,0.0003039117,0.0001555354,0.002864556],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9901965,0.0001784855,0.008139323,0.00000497254,0.000001551629,0.0000114137,0.0001184057,0.00001843121,0.00133085],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.00136455,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004564881,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2032376655","doi":"10.2118/82227-ms","title":"SQUEEZE Modelling: Treatment Design and Case Histories","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SPE European Formation Damage Conference","topic":"Calcium Carbonate Crystallization and Inhibition","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":91,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Nalcor Energy (Canada)","funders":"Heriot-Watt University","keywords":"Computer science; Selection (genetic algorithm); Matching (statistics); Field (mathematics); Reliability engineering; Engineering; Machine learning; Mathematics","authors":[{"name":"Eric Mackay","is_ca":false},{"name":"M. M. Jordan","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.07588694164686433,"gpt":0.240296983782477,"spread":0.1644100421356126,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001852917,0.0006932701,0.0006257596,0.0009173506,0.000825464,0.001229182,0.001255058,0.001971329,0.003766584],"category_scores_gemma":[0.005089073,0.0004886455,0.0007059608,0.0008021898,0.001103955,0.0008862004,0.0009824361,0.001133361,0.0004590376],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001704212,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006744784,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00489813,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005665071,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990043,0.0004270561,0.00005566641,0.0001033503,0.000278701,0.0001310015],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9969811,0.002072755,0.0002410076,0.0003786945,0.0002039946,0.0001224537],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008923767,0.0007960493,0.01178264,0.0003218531,0.00005470937,0.003346493,0.0006261299,0.9216079,0.006853329,0.008058616,0.00128433,0.04437551],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001494156,0.002547784,0.005143877,0.000093579,0.00006203259,0.001060012,0.0008210819,0.9388025,0.03363411,0.008108828,0.009466678,0.0001101501],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.919477,0.00040602,0.06864189,0.0003160628,0.00003599257,0.000501496,0.0004458029,0.0002982616,0.009877486],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9824325,0.0002393298,0.01355574,0.00002445673,0.000005555395,0.0002305252,0.0001470582,0.00003272375,0.003332213],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.00489813,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01260054,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1948351398","doi":"10.1039/c5ce00720h","title":"Disordered amorphous calcium carbonate from direct precipitation","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"CrystEngComm","topic":"Calcium Carbonate Crystallization and Inhibition","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":89,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"Basic Energy Sciences; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Universität Konstanz; Energimyndigheten; University of Washington; Knut och Alice Wallenbergs Stiftelse; Vetenskapsrådet; U.S. Department of Energy","keywords":"Amorphous calcium carbonate; Calcium carbonate; Precipitation; Amorphous solid; Carbonate; Calcium; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Chemistry; Crystallography; Metallurgy; Physics; Organic chemistry; Meteorology; Engineering","authors":[{"name":"Masoud Farhadi Khouzani","is_ca":false},{"name":"Daniel M. Chevrier","is_ca":true},{"name":"Patricia Güttlein","is_ca":false},{"name":"Karin Hauser","is_ca":false},{"name":"Peng Zhang","is_ca":true},{"name":"Niklas Hedin","is_ca":false},{"name":"Denis Gebauer","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04643591816264698,"gpt":0.2619080511924465,"spread":0.2154721330297996,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008421162,0.0002868565,0.0001928351,0.0002359391,0.0001981644,0.0003527954,0.0002890261,0.0001819508,0.002017132],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002143222,0.0001664563,0.0001423998,0.000270267,0.0001862423,0.000154437,0.0001833727,0.0006189838,0.000640763],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000259745,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002930868,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00142826,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002927653,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998549,0.0000082729,0.000008642411,0.00003386414,0.00005768274,0.00003653731],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998904,0.00002646253,0.00001902663,0.00002382772,0.0000248732,0.0000152842],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003847571,0.00001369311,0.0001374043,0.00008870906,0.00000362475,0.00006057168,0.00002318227,0.00007572839,0.9973583,0.0002410978,0.0002056514,0.001753641],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001231525,0.00003008372,0.0005772186,0.000005030529,0.000005027287,0.00007939447,0.000007674519,0.0003522683,0.9951465,0.00004612275,0.003735274,0.000003118494],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9563823,0.002315063,0.0123064,0.0002132769,0.0001251573,0.0001563518,0.002099066,0.0004612145,0.02594114],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.986503,0.001007635,0.004538986,0.00004782651,0.00001693546,0.00003872873,0.001884045,0.0000984392,0.005864448],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.002017132,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.006748021,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2005624263","doi":"10.1016/j.jsb.2009.09.008","title":"Insights into the composition, morphology, and formation of the calcareous shell of the serpulid Hydroides dianthus","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Structural Biology","topic":"Calcium Carbonate Crystallization and Inhibition","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":80,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Army Research Office; Office of Naval Research; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canadian Institutes of Health Research; Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative; Florida Institute of Technology; National Institutes of Health; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Biomineralization; Aragonite; Calcareous; Calcite; Mineralization (soil science); Materials science; Context (archaeology); Mineralogy; Chemical engineering; Biology; Chemistry; Botany; Organic chemistry","authors":[{"name":"Adrienne E. Tanur","is_ca":true},{"name":"Nikhil Gunari","is_ca":true},{"name":"Ruby May A. Sullan","is_ca":true},{"name":"Christopher Kavanagh","is_ca":true},{"name":"Gilbert C. Walker","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.007618936925261874,"gpt":0.2350416370073382,"spread":0.2274227000820763,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007538625,0.0001259362,0.00009704319,0.0003632319,0.0002941065,0.0002820088,0.0002123038,0.0002161948,0.000659576],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001216489,0.000178142,0.00009613046,0.0001406667,0.0004691974,0.0002301036,0.0002303189,0.0003112033,0.0001194804],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002671316,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000200447,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002094024,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004342557,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999638,0.000002773955,0.000002028273,0.000008687995,0.00001584422,0.000006943169],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999307,0.00001883784,0.00001779665,0.000007626351,0.0000115478,0.00001343296],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003026881,0.000002908832,0.002298323,0.00001996796,0.000002499693,0.00009220007,0.0000616791,0.0001362244,0.9954795,0.0002578184,0.00001522039,0.001603415],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002640654,0.000098337,0.3442989,0.00001724632,0.00002798729,0.002208778,0.0005965821,0.004959378,0.638731,0.001140217,0.007877851,0.00001729576],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9965838,0.000266247,0.001100425,0.00005607147,0.000003298745,0.000002462528,0.00007244232,0.00001619772,0.001899107],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998193,0.0001445602,0.0008365616,0.00002525519,0.0000026174,0.000001505425,0.0001001756,0.00001106596,0.0006853073],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.002094024,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004163682,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1906750864","doi":"10.1039/c5bm00085h","title":"A survey of state-of-the-art surface chemistries to minimize fouling from human and animal biofluids","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biomaterials Science","topic":"Calcium Carbonate Crystallization and Inhibition","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":80,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; Toronto Public Health","funders":"","keywords":"Fouling; Biochemical engineering; Chemistry; State of art; Nanotechnology; Engineering; Materials science; Biochemistry","authors":[{"name":"Christophe Blaszykowski","is_ca":true},{"name":"Sonia Sheikh","is_ca":true},{"name":"Michael Thompson","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05237109415804364,"gpt":0.2912080289068867,"spread":0.2388369347488431,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004930064,0.001134101,0.0008530741,0.002684211,0.000389555,0.0007025031,0.000584441,0.000912282,0.00230665],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006032746,0.0004143045,0.000808451,0.001922291,0.0003079009,0.0008821091,0.0005193774,0.0008308847,0.001603927],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003799678,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005068246,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005824918,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001058695,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999559,0.00004414432,0.00004591824,0.00008515178,0.0002152361,0.00005062962],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997285,0.00009114826,0.00006339781,0.0000127272,0.00008152738,0.00002274184],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001676883,0.0002795745,0.001169017,0.03323977,0.0002664477,0.0005821085,0.0002420993,0.001125556,0.2188707,0.003418994,0.01719858,0.7234396],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002051273,0.001024062,0.004970623,0.004203427,0.0004135542,0.00294756,0.0002854557,0.001049743,0.177097,0.00144585,0.8064268,0.0001154194],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.01213045,0.9744222,0.004380394,0.0005374349,0.0002689075,0.00006249649,0.0002486371,0.0001445901,0.007804977],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.02132729,0.9672393,0.004978573,0.0005662908,0.0001479177,0.00007460884,0.0004062721,0.000026463,0.00523331],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.002684211,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.007716477,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1965290461","doi":"10.1016/j.jsb.2009.08.014","title":"Mechanical properties of modern calcite- (Mergerlia truncata) and phosphate-shelled brachiopods (Discradisca stella and Lingula anatina) determined by nanoindentation","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Structural Biology","topic":"Calcium Carbonate Crystallization and Inhibition","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":77,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Brock University","funders":"","keywords":"Nanoindentation; Calcite; Composite material; Materials science; Elastic modulus; Mineralogy; Geology","authors":[{"name":"Casjen Merkel","is_ca":false},{"name":"Julia Deuschle","is_ca":false},{"name":"Erika Griesshaber","is_ca":false},{"name":"S. Enders","is_ca":false},{"name":"E. Steinhäuser","is_ca":false},{"name":"Rupert Hochleitner","is_ca":false},{"name":"Uwe Brand","is_ca":true},{"name":"Wolfgang W. Schmahl","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01202303177313222,"gpt":0.253834815047039,"spread":0.2418117832739068,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007185026,0.0001177219,0.0000995438,0.0002476672,0.0001635268,0.0001484789,0.0002746751,0.0002898352,0.0006926031],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001968202,0.0001856968,0.0001139645,0.0001580358,0.0003303435,0.0001841642,0.0001379525,0.000199538,0.0001460392],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001586634,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007175255,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00119303,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002616131,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999467,0.000002016087,0.000005139389,0.00001561457,0.00002182338,0.000008697911],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998405,0.00003564374,0.0000474956,0.00001719367,0.00002938199,0.00002979771],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006623116,0.000005563085,0.00553333,0.00001659948,0.000006619185,0.0000425046,0.00005126428,0.0002256013,0.9928804,0.00005055867,0.00001544811,0.001105938],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001737365,0.0002496596,0.5719802,0.000007194418,0.00002857707,0.0006422536,0.0002530742,0.00408523,0.4212358,0.0001388046,0.001343647,0.00001819923],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9994562,0.00006425878,0.0001944298,0.000004079637,8.860314e-7,7.123327e-7,0.00007866636,0.000003364791,0.0001974133],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991805,0.0000321877,0.0003300276,0.000005206347,7.080122e-7,0.000001913338,0.0001508324,0.000002242881,0.0002963454],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.00119303,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002372205,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}