{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":322,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":1,"predictions_cover":322,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12","author_layer_release":"2026-06-26"},"query_hash":"e9a78f613b36","filters":{"topic":"Chemical and Physical Properties in Aqueous Solutions"}},"results":[{"id":"W2088464626","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2006.10.062","title":"A review of specific conductivities of potassium hydroxide solutions for various concentrations and temperatures","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"International Journal of Hydrogen Energy","topic":"Chemical and Physical Properties in Aqueous Solutions","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":668,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"University of Toronto","keywords":"Conductivity; Potassium hydroxide; Molar concentration; Aqueous solution; Chemistry; Range (aeronautics); Potassium; Electrical resistivity and conductivity; Thermodynamics; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Materials science; Chromatography; Physical chemistry; Physics","authors":[{"name":"Ryan Gilliam","is_ca":true},{"name":"J. W. Graydon","is_ca":true},{"name":"Donald W. Kirk","is_ca":true},{"name":"Stephen Thorpe","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03586188435127922,"gpt":0.2876648368332482,"spread":0.251802952481969,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001636056,0.0002601845,0.001227043,0.0001385303,0.00004288664,0.00001452842,0.0004527378,0.0001384227,0.00004034381],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000179016,0.0002016677,0.0007902543,0.0001313303,0.0001937677,0.0001043562,0.0001080618,0.000281006,4.834562e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001434872,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002053722,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000538505,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002901718,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9978797,0.00005488196,0.001352364,0.0001704598,0.000339468,0.0002031704],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9977688,0.0004330073,0.0009866715,0.0001613845,0.0005692798,0.00008086822],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002108476,0.002713836,0.000002672487,0.1414244,0.01116505,0.00009267234,0.0002201796,0.004229855,0.1295236,0.3070902,0.08191127,0.3214154],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000254475,0.00005477512,3.987558e-8,0.03112693,0.0005206147,0.000304719,0.000004426436,0.0002527119,0.006228957,0.001349481,0.9596945,0.0002083381],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.00004269964,0.9964219,0.002065693,0.0001014894,0.0003412892,0.0001297737,0.0004712426,0.000009484695,0.0004164652],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.005238982,0.9932262,0.000512171,0.00005297714,0.0005944089,0.00002633195,0.0001501046,0.00003281047,0.000166026],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8777832,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8223769,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2130523806","doi":"10.1107/s2052520615016297","title":"Comprehensive derivation of bond-valence parameters for ion pairs involving oxygen","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Acta Crystallographica Section B Structural Science Crystal Engineering and Materials","topic":"Chemical and Physical Properties in Aqueous Solutions","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":605,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Valence (chemistry); Formal charge; Ion; Bond length; Chemistry; Coordination number; Valence bond theory; Mathematics; Atomic physics; Crystallography; Physics; Molecule; Molecular orbital; Crystal structure","authors":[{"name":"Olivier Charles Gagné","is_ca":true},{"name":"F. C. Hawthorne","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02364440577385986,"gpt":0.2343326184836965,"spread":0.2106882127098366,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001922045,0.0002144519,0.0002894805,0.0001617932,0.0001646652,0.00007790691,0.0002142942,0.0001063464,0.000006590046],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004206947,0.0001855092,0.00007122762,0.0005233992,0.0004019007,0.0004314231,0.0001262355,0.0001159043,7.206803e-8],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008171808,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003505271,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000138993,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001409717,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985861,0.00001339367,0.0003704432,0.0003592211,0.0002896846,0.0003811277],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991119,0.0001193633,0.0001179947,0.0001812185,0.0002490847,0.0002204643],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004975147,0.000008106736,0.00001324682,0.000196883,0.00001608555,2.199913e-7,0.0002010628,0.005330465,0.9932013,0.0008728573,0.00004320054,0.00006677895],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001089135,0.0003819132,0.001480716,0.0002316189,0.00006251353,0.00005746341,0.0005101798,0.08292031,0.904267,0.004970395,0.003201299,0.0008274337],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.993496,0.00008992407,0.00513475,0.0000754026,0.0006850851,0.0002726137,0.00005857386,0.0001652776,0.00002236504],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9947031,0.00002017157,0.005029636,0.00001868522,0.0001338482,0.00003606823,0.0000307027,0.00001964219,0.000008107357],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.08893431,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7564844,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2408849960","doi":"10.1016/j.chemgeo.2016.06.005","title":"Hydrothermal transport, deposition, and fractionation of the REE: Experimental data and thermodynamic calculations","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Geology","topic":"Chemical and Physical Properties in Aqueous Solutions","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":501,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Hydrothermal circulation; Deposition (geology); Aqueous solution; Geology; Fractionation; Carbonate minerals; Mineralogy; Chemistry; Sediment; Calcite; Physical chemistry","authors":[{"name":"Artas Migdisov","is_ca":false},{"name":"Anthony E. Williams‐Jones","is_ca":true},{"name":"Joël Brugger","is_ca":false},{"name":"Florie Caporuscio","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0140100138961319,"gpt":0.2329961840085789,"spread":0.2189861701124469,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000314742,0.00009026819,0.0001191583,0.00001055781,0.00005403698,0.000001879369,0.0001802344,0.0001032957,0.0001143532],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006696967,0.00005268848,0.00003055375,0.00005495045,0.0004539322,0.00008279148,0.0001692004,0.0001059665,0.000002450301],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002590574,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009048505,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004319056,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003268145,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993708,0.00001543726,0.0001797993,0.0002219814,0.00008307979,0.000128882],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994627,0.0001356563,0.00004184738,0.0002870968,0.00002212598,0.0000506122],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001791406,0.00005004866,0.0006824323,0.0000101129,0.00001683356,2.244425e-7,0.00004817946,0.000009475911,0.9944774,0.003503943,0.00003738036,0.001146035],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006032796,0.00001571113,0.002056204,0.00004279077,0.00003157966,0.00003942017,0.00001569292,0.05157506,0.942108,0.002652289,0.0006934187,0.000166559],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9929226,0.0002716722,0.004285827,0.001331283,0.00004219671,0.00008794657,0.00004518671,0.00003339262,0.0009798682],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994293,0.00001154325,0.0002478362,0.00007349842,0.0000538901,0.00001194377,0.000022104,0.00001013941,0.0001397808],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.05236942,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2148574,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2001241481","doi":"10.1016/j.chroma.2005.05.065","title":"Extraction of testosterone and epitestosterone in human urine using aqueous two-phase systems of ionic liquid and salt","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Chromatography A","topic":"Chemical and Physical Properties in Aqueous Solutions","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":274,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"World Anti-Doping Agency; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Chemistry; Chromatography; Extraction (chemistry); Epitestosterone; Ionic liquid; High-performance liquid chromatography; Aqueous solution; Urine; Solid phase extraction; Analyte; Detection limit; Hydrolysis; Aqueous two-phase system; Solvent; Sample preparation; Organic chemistry; Androgen; Biochemistry","authors":[{"name":"Chiyang He","is_ca":false},{"name":"Shehong Li","is_ca":false},{"name":"Huwei Liu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Kèan Li","is_ca":false},{"name":"Feng Liu","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01837004744191087,"gpt":0.2883109555998236,"spread":0.2699409081579127,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001628782,0.000139369,0.0004538512,0.0002299596,0.00004001179,0.00001248988,0.00009109778,0.00007538766,0.00001052065],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004384659,0.000119587,0.00009964445,0.0002381162,0.000204624,0.0002025214,0.00004761187,0.0002769036,1.626087e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000438378,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001956986,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001117655,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000006300783,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986965,0.00003360282,0.0007972334,0.0001135932,0.0001906418,0.0001684007],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991324,0.0001159862,0.0004266446,0.0001218034,0.00009296343,0.000110197],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001402777,0.0004315646,0.0003628531,0.0003010342,0.00005404706,0.000007144633,0.0002005513,0.002534541,0.9953012,0.0001679764,0.000008042521,0.0004907905],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.006812356,0.001945782,0.0006617737,0.002567516,0.0002189454,0.001576479,0.0001338921,0.04248618,0.9425353,0.0003483678,0.0002918801,0.0004215714],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9934093,0.005728911,0.0005769084,0.00004501275,0.00004452826,0.00009006811,0.000007357494,0.00001079008,0.00008707386],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989485,0.0001050512,0.0007730865,0.000007625574,0.0001421987,0.000001660141,0.000001241243,0.00001605444,0.000004598916],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.05276592,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4876618,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2048308517","doi":"10.1021/je0498659","title":"Model for Calculating the Density of Aqueous Electrolyte Solutions","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data","topic":"Chemical and Physical Properties in Aqueous Solutions","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":206,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"SNC-Lavalin (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Electrolyte; Chemistry; Aqueous solution; Strong electrolyte; Inorganic chemistry; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Chromatography; Physical chemistry; Electrode","authors":[{"name":"Marc Laliberté","is_ca":true},{"name":"W. Edward Cooper","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05479186259096695,"gpt":0.2603596207087229,"spread":0.2055677581177559,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000282689,0.0001774022,0.0003586793,0.0000354033,0.0000592485,0.00001498216,0.0009458699,0.0001098309,0.000004409307],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00131519,0.0001260713,0.000225372,0.0001714729,0.00008773041,0.0001780607,0.0003200036,0.0005788103,0.000001424267],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000140869,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008913146,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001286454,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":5.68734e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985262,0.00000557169,0.0006247921,0.0001783256,0.0002832984,0.0003818641],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986148,0.0003104361,0.0001906919,0.0005628083,0.0001863217,0.0001348711],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003248966,0.00006968746,0.000001639325,0.00005906229,0.00007195775,0.000001084508,0.0000527108,0.2664154,0.7303388,0.002294392,0.0003724592,0.0002902581],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003988687,0.00002089695,0.000001135071,0.00009161094,0.00008484021,0.00004713934,0.000003066381,0.6936128,0.3032744,0.002059181,0.0002877564,0.0001184041],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.2102725,0.0005183545,0.787793,0.0009462335,0.0001196183,0.0001392273,0.0001191225,0.00005445331,0.00003751894],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9750557,0.00001294132,0.02441794,0.00004517531,0.0003824211,0.000004680819,0.00003349304,0.00003047659,0.00001719201],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7647832,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5141039,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2092328327","doi":"10.1126/science.1110231","title":"Kinetic Evidence for Five-Coordination in AlOH(aq) <sup>2+</sup> Ion","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Science","topic":"Chemical and Physical Properties in Aqueous Solutions","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":176,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Chemistry; Ion; Kinetic energy; Radiochemistry; Inorganic chemistry; Organic chemistry; Physics","authors":[{"name":"Thomas W. Swaddle","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jörgen Rosenqvist","is_ca":true},{"name":"Ping Yu","is_ca":true},{"name":"Eric J. Bylaska","is_ca":true},{"name":"Brian L. Phillips","is_ca":true},{"name":"William H. Casey","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0358617348138317,"gpt":0.2918999357187871,"spread":0.2560382009049554,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002471576,0.00009622428,0.0001057786,0.00006083107,0.0001092967,0.00003122482,0.0003952051,0.00004386437,0.00004865431],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001194824,0.00008274915,0.00004787402,0.000544926,0.0002547496,0.0004059924,0.00009819348,0.0001435092,0.00007266774],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002471106,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004432485,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004393843,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000536053,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988828,0.000007601665,0.0001865427,0.00031694,0.0002508103,0.0003553277],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993835,0.0002180998,0.0000251553,0.0001978732,0.00008286345,0.0000925043],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002307899,0.00009055351,0.00009230837,0.0000473217,0.000001652955,3.887026e-7,0.0005993785,0.09615649,0.8741041,0.004118504,0.000632013,0.0241342],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000190978,0.00002425305,0.0001535701,0.0001079714,0.000003544389,0.000001453813,0.00002260575,0.8636658,0.1292113,0.001688606,0.004792244,0.000137681],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9788076,0.0004994486,0.01333921,0.004143918,0.00013484,0.0003887653,0.000007475592,0.00014658,0.002532174],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9959168,0.000006796251,0.002364389,0.0001320468,0.0002176389,0.00004758063,0.00000209182,0.000007531416,0.001305067],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7675093,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3374412,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2776400677","doi":"10.1002/adhm.201701036","title":"Emerging Biotechnology Applications of Aqueous Two‐Phase Systems","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Advanced Healthcare Materials","topic":"Chemical and Physical Properties in Aqueous Solutions","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":146,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canadian Institutes of Health Research; Canada Excellence Research Chairs, Government of Canada; Canada Foundation for Innovation","keywords":"Phase (matter); Biotechnology; Aqueous solution; Nanotechnology; Materials science; Biochemical engineering; Business; Engineering; Chemistry; Biology; Organic chemistry","authors":[{"name":"Alyne G. Teixeira","is_ca":true},{"name":"Rishima Agarwal","is_ca":true},{"name":"Kristin Robin Ko","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jessica Grant‐Burt","is_ca":true},{"name":"Brendan M. Leung","is_ca":true},{"name":"John P. Frampton","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.07192886968433188,"gpt":0.4136963861352537,"spread":0.3417675164509218,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001610149,0.0005046973,0.002643079,0.0001355959,0.0002886936,0.00005030264,0.0008780804,0.0005995201,0.00005484733],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000202321,0.0004239875,0.0003029375,0.0001977411,0.0003059035,0.00008385736,0.0003209712,0.0005036511,0.0001171615],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002472217,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001783779,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004766954,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005139007,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9971094,0.00009975358,0.001435056,0.0005951312,0.0001925516,0.0005680741],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.997028,0.0001842388,0.001034069,0.001440572,0.0001431976,0.0001699154],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001067522,0.00008428474,7.738685e-9,0.04476622,0.00007973683,0.000003967915,0.00001519872,0.00002090937,0.01555559,0.01422144,0.0000312115,0.9252108],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002885985,0.00004928286,1.77237e-9,0.008680899,0.0001617115,0.0000294741,0.000007595884,0.00004263993,0.008695653,0.0006643547,0.9809754,0.0004043698],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.00002437329,0.9936393,0.002018384,0.0001091255,0.0007292649,0.00155801,0.001318162,0.0003321024,0.0002713083],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.003663649,0.9927865,0.0005180225,0.00001247665,0.0005687091,0.001523252,0.0004983319,0.0001191958,0.0003098379],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9809442,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998212,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2155386749","doi":"10.4319/lom.2008.6.489","title":"Calculating the conductivity of natural waters","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Limnology and Oceanography Methods","topic":"Chemical and Physical Properties in Aqueous Solutions","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":135,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Conductivity; Salinity; Electrolyte; Seawater; Ion; Ionic conductivity; Binary number; Chemistry; Chemical composition; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Thermodynamics; Environmental chemistry; Mathematics; Geology; Physics; Electrode; Physical chemistry","authors":[{"name":"Rich Pawlowicz","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03719543482667798,"gpt":0.3030227912580923,"spread":0.2658273564314144,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001676721,0.0001049121,0.0001992323,0.00003237489,0.0001822084,0.000002098093,0.0001256803,0.00009495215,0.00001220745],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001705769,0.00006243012,0.0001239569,0.0001988301,0.0009060967,0.0000459021,0.00009324793,0.0003672476,8.897538e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000004589685,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000522637,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001716887,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.674427e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992859,0.0001356595,0.0001704172,0.0001534379,0.00005675562,0.0001978052],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991768,0.0005404442,0.00004253013,0.0001702834,0.00003033356,0.00003962742],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006516943,0.00008721459,0.009941422,0.00007156032,0.0002017779,0.000003528296,0.001622181,0.0001515071,0.9613055,0.01443998,0.0001530707,0.01195712],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005916659,0.00009001418,0.007904761,0.00003334047,0.00008881178,0.0001442213,0.000224642,0.0224336,0.9542814,0.01080901,0.003018289,0.0003802604],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9861171,0.001200757,0.01109054,0.0002806577,0.0001781919,0.00005743565,0.000002907048,0.00006236051,0.001010023],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9798858,0.0000528929,0.01980936,0.00009958833,0.00005425672,0.000004076846,0.000002237133,0.000007116558,0.0000846949],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02228209,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3338551,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2007983162","doi":"10.1016/j.procbio.2005.03.009","title":"Partitioning and recovery of proteinase from tuna spleen by aqueous two-phase systems","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Process Biochemistry","topic":"Chemical and Physical Properties in Aqueous Solutions","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":117,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Tuna; Yellowfin tuna; Skipjack tuna; Chromatography; Chemistry; Thunnus; Aqueous solution; Food science; Biology; Fishery; Fish <Actinopterygii>","authors":[{"name":"Soottawat Benjakul","is_ca":false},{"name":"Wonnop Visessanguan","is_ca":false},{"name":"Benjamin K. Simpson","is_ca":true},{"name":"Hideki Kishimura","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008020113637460854,"gpt":0.2452066490448132,"spread":0.2371865354073524,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00004502946,0.0001804562,0.0002408609,0.00001086908,0.00007742881,0.00003721685,0.0001625727,0.0001176291,0.00008375708],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001505318,0.0001692048,0.00005455395,0.0000985533,0.0001547402,0.00009954941,0.00006860648,0.0002270788,0.00001093947],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006001952,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003433547,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001863429,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":9.433221e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989364,0.000008000151,0.0003242496,0.0003174577,0.0001716041,0.0002423412],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994162,0.00006762124,0.0001020363,0.0002147208,0.00007254261,0.0001268183],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005937694,0.0002215025,0.00002196053,0.000458287,0.00003685021,0.000001282202,0.00008334051,0.0005641073,0.9941683,0.00002970432,0.0005560881,0.003799157],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006682472,0.00002268051,2.578266e-7,0.0002175153,0.00002811641,0.000005839178,0.00004296958,0.03385432,0.9635853,0.0004508411,0.0009031174,0.0002207906],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9911669,0.004848327,0.001521178,0.0001420194,0.00002926708,0.0001403194,0.0002994444,0.0001193552,0.001733134],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985041,0.00002597756,0.0003588682,0.00003187735,0.0003173832,0.00008334679,0.0001590598,0.00002350163,0.0004958581],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03329021,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6899971,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2255808592","doi":"10.1080/00268976.2016.1165296","title":"Recent progress in molecular simulation of aqueous electrolytes: force fields, chemical potentials and solubility","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Molecular Physics","topic":"Chemical and Physical Properties in Aqueous Solutions","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":113,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Ontario Institute of Technology; University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Aqueous solution; Solubility; Electrolyte; Convergence (economics); Molecular dynamics; Force field (fiction); Molecule; Work (physics)","authors":[],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.009266448785031557,"gpt":0.2362643075182428,"spread":0.2269978587332112,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006602125,0.0001741301,0.0002697516,0.00001820763,0.00001880037,0.000008322467,0.0001449108,0.0001265273,0.00001504672],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001486307,0.0001350588,0.000101764,0.0001742693,0.000161318,0.00006439626,0.0001192015,0.0001682248,0.000004286098],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006926023,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002314615,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000006867715,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":5.00247e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988264,0.00003527299,0.0003107659,0.000309077,0.0002089768,0.0003094836],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993595,0.0001110398,0.00006679154,0.000296518,0.00008255534,0.0000835505],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004547135,0.0001679912,0.00007559123,0.00005779892,0.00002620317,0.000005271751,0.00003321644,0.002955999,0.9310929,0.003514198,0.000006209987,0.06201921],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004464626,0.00003726952,0.00001249965,0.00007442546,0.00002022661,0.000001202177,0.000001687515,0.05609153,0.9149883,0.02803926,0.0001015106,0.000185621],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7929276,0.001073527,0.2049959,0.0003432822,0.00002502445,0.0002179299,0.000009908416,0.00006075029,0.0003460491],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991906,0.00004108111,0.0005747474,0.0000659351,0.00004137459,0.00002577376,0.000009131791,0.00002489854,0.00002649595],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2062629,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5507538,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2123721997","doi":"10.1021/je050217e","title":"Solubility of CaSO<sub>4</sub>Phases in Aqueous HCl + CaCl<sub>2</sub>Solutions from 283 K to 353 K","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data","topic":"Chemical and Physical Properties in Aqueous Solutions","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":99,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Solubility; Chemistry; Dissolution; Anhydrite; Aqueous solution; Isothermal process; Inorganic chemistry; Atmospheric temperature range; Nuclear chemistry; Gypsum; Organic chemistry; Thermodynamics; Metallurgy","authors":[{"name":"Zhibao Li","is_ca":true},{"name":"George P. Demopoulos","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02971501899670805,"gpt":0.2465991865076717,"spread":0.2168841675109636,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003582592,0.00043651,0.0008825791,0.000173157,0.0000449562,0.00003417784,0.001384342,0.000289034,0.00004731179],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002183448,0.0004150512,0.0002913768,0.0005706715,0.0001321928,0.0004793026,0.0008628005,0.001278799,0.00003600127],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005019435,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001094834,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007633914,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001270196,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9966203,0.00002892383,0.001445469,0.0005317122,0.0006089282,0.0007646633],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9972282,0.0006383731,0.0002496463,0.001128564,0.0001962545,0.0005589465],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001043128,0.0005026992,0.00002851796,0.0000837989,0.0001112236,0.00002220644,0.0001034721,0.02724929,0.9606683,0.00005246629,0.003241928,0.00783182],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007020312,0.00004946638,0.00005063985,0.0003979441,0.00009565191,0.0000527409,0.00000972795,0.06756461,0.9273195,0.0001977525,0.003127086,0.00043283],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9839708,0.001411516,0.01257395,0.0007098324,0.0002686025,0.0001731126,0.0007266571,0.0001021107,0.00006343501],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9931507,0.0000898131,0.005352689,0.00009883434,0.001053758,0.00001049968,0.0001719655,0.00006711292,0.000004656719],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.04031533,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998301,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2060302835","doi":"10.1002/aic.10039","title":"On the activity of ions and the junction potential: Revised values for all data","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"AIChE Journal","topic":"Chemical and Physical Properties in Aqueous Solutions","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":92,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Xunta de Galicia","keywords":"Ion; Electrolyte; Work (physics); Calibration; Sign (mathematics); Interpretation (philosophy); Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Activity coefficient; Electrode; Statistical physics; Mathematics; Physics; Mathematical analysis; Statistics; Physical chemistry; Computer science","authors":[{"name":"Grażyna Wilczek-Vera","is_ca":true},{"name":"Eva Rodil","is_ca":true},{"name":"Juan H. Vera","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04328030237723415,"gpt":0.2735853151964223,"spread":0.2303050128191881,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003515097,0.00007043896,0.0001127317,0.000008431099,0.0002188354,0.00002310624,0.0002607185,0.00003560835,0.00002195111],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006898428,0.0000324745,0.0000807406,0.00005165597,0.0002339746,0.00008327979,0.0001025218,0.0003275472,0.000002457904],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003344248,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001683136,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003258916,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001003356,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994939,0.00003404975,0.0001369416,0.00009077306,0.00012135,0.0001229855],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991881,0.0003791016,0.00006793076,0.0002721984,0.00004859222,0.00004406377],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000964405,0.000383545,0.00000260293,0.0001088242,0.0003908563,0.000001183002,0.0006832137,0.01070151,0.8940506,0.07002307,0.01229218,0.01039802],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005919951,0.0002408767,0.0001435293,0.0004224295,0.0005723612,0.0001285177,0.0001526678,0.1421293,0.1629823,0.6790523,0.007905057,0.0003507701],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8138438,0.0008212867,0.1556707,0.02687514,0.0003637781,0.0004587824,0.00005445061,0.00005119095,0.001860847],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998888,0.0001356311,0.0003814917,0.0002215603,0.000241481,0.000005472057,0.000003921165,0.000008631257,0.0001137944],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7310683,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1683127,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1985702759","doi":"10.1016/s0022-0728(02)00759-3","title":"Determination of the acid dissociation constant for bisulfate adsorbed at the Pt(111) electrode by subtractively normalized interfacial Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry","topic":"Chemical and Physical Properties in Aqueous Solutions","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":90,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Chemistry; Adsorption; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Infrared spectroscopy; Dissociation (chemistry); Inorganic chemistry; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Sulfate; Dissociation constant; Electrode; Infrared; Physical chemistry; Chromatography; Organic chemistry","authors":[{"name":"A. Lachenwitzer","is_ca":true},{"name":"N. Li","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jacek Lipkowski","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01019114050366545,"gpt":0.2324714849519112,"spread":0.2222803444482457,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002236108,0.0002284041,0.0004226975,0.000019839,0.0001673502,0.00002769824,0.0004373433,0.0001762327,0.0003899859],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007374079,0.0001371039,0.0005531464,0.0002663273,0.0002411029,0.0001345311,0.00004471662,0.0007359249,0.000002368595],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000528623,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005535183,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000002987728,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000257915,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9980973,0.00003464835,0.0007652282,0.0001787115,0.000476826,0.0004472906],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985586,0.0003645923,0.0004655942,0.0002117797,0.0002758992,0.0001235456],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005183411,0.0001901862,0.00001328548,0.00005951802,0.0001576749,6.474279e-7,0.0001087491,0.00002433592,0.9948934,0.0001181964,0.003367651,0.0005479663],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009622437,0.000132261,0.000004933011,0.00004387078,0.0002803586,0.00003362864,0.00001685315,0.03891193,0.9546995,0.00217989,0.002568679,0.0001658739],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9079303,0.00182406,0.06082381,0.009036501,0.0002250597,0.0007533035,0.0002865046,0.00006635033,0.01905416],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9963615,0.00006667082,0.0003553847,0.00007746724,0.0002329358,0.00001433325,0.00001149996,0.00002620377,0.002854035],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.08843121,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5590937,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2007293647","doi":"10.1007/s10529-013-1380-6","title":"In situ product removal in fermentation systems: improved process performance and rational extractant selection","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Biotechnology Letters","topic":"Chemical and Physical Properties in Aqueous Solutions","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":86,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Biochemical engineering; Fermentation; Chemistry; Computer science; Process engineering; Organic chemistry; Engineering","authors":[{"name":"Julian T. Dafoe","is_ca":true},{"name":"Andrew J. Daugulis","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01877842636963887,"gpt":0.2616999791221054,"spread":0.2429215527524665,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008771039,0.0002840046,0.0006027283,0.0002352406,0.00004138354,0.00002111104,0.0001745709,0.0004657565,0.000008035819],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007501564,0.0002384718,0.00005415245,0.0004670281,0.0001284244,0.0001763222,0.00005882819,0.0009567062,0.00002093184],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003903304,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003945103,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005358835,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005311116,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985732,0.00003295133,0.0005150393,0.0004674412,0.0001012685,0.0003100761],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996085,0.00003778404,0.0001414758,0.0001609677,0.00002007674,0.000031156],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001446283,0.000127375,0.000006618343,0.01484054,0.00005313458,0.00001026239,0.00006489979,0.0002040288,0.7510014,0.0003744015,0.0002722451,0.2330306],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002473135,0.0002688345,0.00005208846,0.02835016,0.0005158017,0.00191058,0.0001180032,0.1259339,0.1093308,0.00027178,0.7262599,0.004514938],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0841148,0.9112263,0.000308506,0.001581854,0.0003395762,0.002026305,0.00001088524,0.0002797395,0.0001119865],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.08390011,0.9137807,0.000533912,0.0001030066,0.0003079544,0.001007791,0.00009948776,0.00006480749,0.000202199],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7259877,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9724597,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1995611562","doi":"10.1007/s10953-005-6987-3","title":"Binary Diffusion Coefficients for Aqueous Solutions of Lactic Acid","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Solution Chemistry","topic":"Chemical and Physical Properties in Aqueous Solutions","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":78,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Chemistry; Taylor dispersion; Aqueous solution; Diffusion; Hydrochloric acid; Lithium chloride; Lactic acid; Chloride; Dispersion (optics); Potassium; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Inorganic chemistry; Thermodynamics; Chromatography; Physical chemistry; Organic chemistry","authors":[{"name":"Ana C.F. Ribeiro","is_ca":false},{"name":"Victor M.M. Lobo","is_ca":false},{"name":"Derek G. Leaist","is_ca":true},{"name":"Joaquim J.S. Natividade","is_ca":false},{"name":"Luís M.P. Veríssimo","is_ca":false},{"name":"Marisa C.F. Barros","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ana M. T. D. P. V. Cabral","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02033779961957229,"gpt":0.2494393136982541,"spread":0.2291015140786818,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001794966,0.0001575386,0.0003097367,0.00003671899,0.0001288645,0.000009357268,0.0002636229,0.0001612406,0.0001211737],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005774529,0.0001371038,0.0003379729,0.0001593343,0.0001426101,0.0001355132,0.00009143123,0.0003608747,0.00000844958],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002591529,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007473588,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000003929423,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.093983e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985692,0.00001181619,0.0006590769,0.0001407689,0.0002985425,0.0003206187],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987586,0.0001863151,0.0003675561,0.0001856854,0.0003369429,0.0001648963],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001351454,0.000549013,0.00001619702,0.0001851256,0.00004839851,0.000001118438,0.00007377653,0.001898962,0.9900443,0.00008496366,0.003002796,0.003960205],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001128302,0.00008619527,0.0000121909,0.0002028821,0.00009864438,0.00007885064,0.00006168,0.08326603,0.9033436,0.000373187,0.0111438,0.0002046282],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8191835,0.006568885,0.1668644,0.002471564,0.0006843083,0.0002527497,0.0001321904,0.0001165827,0.003725838],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9956181,0.00004692252,0.002795449,0.00003996039,0.0009540956,0.000006704391,0.00001417473,0.00002123774,0.0005033682],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1764346,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5590931,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2652793149","doi":"10.1149/2.1601704jes","title":"On the Correlation between Free Volume, Phase Diagram and Ionic Conductivity of Aqueous and Non-Aqueous Lithium Battery Electrolyte Solutions over a Wide Concentration Range","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of The Electrochemical Society","topic":"Chemical and Physical Properties in Aqueous Solutions","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":76,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada","funders":"Natural Resources Canada; National Research Council Canada","keywords":"Electrolyte; Aqueous solution; Chemistry; Conductivity; Thermodynamics; Molar conductivity; Isothermal process; Ionic conductivity; Eutectic system; Ionic bonding; Volume (thermodynamics); Molar volume; Phase diagram; Ion; Phase (matter); Analytical Chemistry (journal); Physical chemistry; Chromatography; Organic chemistry; Electrode; Alloy","authors":[{"name":"Chae-Ho Yim","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jasper Tam","is_ca":true},{"name":"Hayden Greentree Soboleski","is_ca":true},{"name":"Yaser Abu‐Lebdeh","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01379970187098441,"gpt":0.2378236149772271,"spread":0.2240239131062427,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003245013,0.0001980844,0.0003584301,0.000009206305,0.0005675093,0.0000662596,0.0004273106,0.000192465,0.00002044922],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001337374,0.0001108908,0.0003376234,0.00008547014,0.0005836966,0.0001939962,0.0002099696,0.001149471,9.473108e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001798627,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006557201,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002879564,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002099327,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986376,0.0000592647,0.0004251285,0.0001871453,0.0003344562,0.0003564469],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980375,0.0007524882,0.0005164793,0.0004376942,0.000130268,0.0001255656],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001291433,0.0001847283,0.001245613,0.00003886079,0.0002011284,6.205431e-7,0.0002526855,0.00001937008,0.9925254,0.0004201119,0.003779935,0.001202434],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004391521,0.0006148216,0.005729241,0.0003426532,0.0006114841,0.00008216802,0.0000389205,0.1002002,0.8551371,0.0316065,0.0007240283,0.0005213773],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9752846,0.0006652433,0.01816682,0.005352905,0.0001035756,0.0002141759,0.00002079619,0.00001579743,0.0001760273],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988995,0.0001669895,0.0001732185,0.000242309,0.0003505869,0.000007551708,0.000003396044,0.00001773802,0.000138768],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1373882,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4993943,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1987497753","doi":"10.1021/jp0507492","title":"Molecular Simulations of Aqueous Electrolyte Solubility:  1. The Expanded-Ensemble Osmotic Molecular Dynamics Method for the Solution Phase","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Journal of Physical Chemistry B","topic":"Chemical and Physical Properties in Aqueous Solutions","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":73,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Ontario Tech University","funders":"","keywords":"Molecular dynamics; Solubility; Electrolyte; Aqueous solution; Phase (matter); Chemistry; Materials science; Thermodynamics; Chemical physics; Computational chemistry; Physical chemistry; Physics; Organic chemistry; Electrode","authors":[{"name":"Martin Lı́sal","is_ca":true},{"name":"William R. Smith","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jiřı́ Kolafa","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01191939417028615,"gpt":0.2894865601659075,"spread":0.2775671659956214,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004000968,0.0002231827,0.0003539009,0.00001128254,0.0002208751,0.00002046698,0.0007162803,0.00008552467,0.00002119385],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005218692,0.0001141272,0.0005162438,0.0002151738,0.000261855,0.00007685312,0.0001115222,0.0007163056,0.000002074614],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002206083,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008944506,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000147994,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001563965,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984881,0.00008233145,0.000520323,0.0001483904,0.000403226,0.0003576228],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9969798,0.001818488,0.0003122431,0.0005132665,0.0002786985,0.00009752974],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001488976,0.0003419375,1.388404e-7,0.00004786776,0.0001570823,7.549133e-7,0.0001999359,0.2057641,0.7865517,0.0006622749,0.00006786291,0.00605747],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004008377,0.0000536957,1.906529e-7,0.00001817935,0.0002454408,0.00002220529,0.00002754056,0.4939186,0.5005698,0.004497208,0.000170658,0.00007566658],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4061,0.0005992643,0.5893646,0.003314685,0.0000288852,0.0002292781,0.00003040099,0.00002364136,0.0003091955],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9981907,0.00001072719,0.000974224,0.0001327756,0.0005215734,0.00001193414,0.000008608736,0.0000316769,0.0001177647],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5920907,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4653973,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2079968614","doi":"10.1016/j.cryobiol.2009.07.011","title":"Application of the osmotic virial equation in cryobiology","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Cryobiology","topic":"Chemical and Physical Properties in Aqueous Solutions","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":72,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Division of Materials Research; Canadian Institutes of Health Research; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Virial coefficient; Molality; Thermodynamics; Virial theorem; Cryobiology; Chemistry; Mole fraction; Osmotic pressure; Range (aeronautics); Statistical physics; Materials science; Physical chemistry; Physics; Aqueous solution; Biochemistry","authors":[{"name":"Richelle C. Prickett","is_ca":true},{"name":"Janet A.W. Elliott","is_ca":true},{"name":"Locksley E. McGann","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01420125471025089,"gpt":0.2305634554191461,"spread":0.2163622007088952,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006542142,0.00008088291,0.0001608413,0.00002146927,0.00002713269,0.000001432516,0.0002210167,0.0001444019,0.00003469467],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001936243,0.00005445694,0.00006561041,0.0001677052,0.0001319559,0.00002013097,0.00004784163,0.0001917016,0.00002627524],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005115569,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001288593,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004232449,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000006157608,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993411,0.00004395239,0.0002450169,0.0001574064,0.00003699367,0.0001755829],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995575,0.0001129899,0.00005792444,0.0002248007,0.00002573109,0.00002108448],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002635993,0.00007998272,0.0004562137,0.000007305469,0.000003912837,8.730503e-8,0.00004866389,0.001772567,0.9647164,0.02867798,0.00008849692,0.004122007],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001823346,0.0003404139,0.01915029,0.00007178621,0.00004495416,0.00001460103,0.00003327199,0.1663623,0.6258688,0.1766598,0.009099942,0.0005305632],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9703896,0.0001765741,0.02279562,0.001756663,0.0003244572,0.0003092525,0.00001072073,0.00007009977,0.004167031],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994046,0.000003797721,0.0001078941,0.0002583212,0.0001319278,0.00001359488,0.00001646769,0.000004362205,0.00005902004],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3388476,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.222069,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2046661168","doi":"10.1016/s0021-9797(03)00638-6","title":"Distribution of Pb(II) species in aqueous solutions","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Colloid and Interface Science","topic":"Chemical and Physical Properties in Aqueous Solutions","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":67,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Solubility; Aqueous solution; Chemistry; Solubility equilibrium; Turbidity; Inorganic chemistry; Physical chemistry; Geology","authors":[{"name":"Qi Liu","is_ca":true},{"name":"Yongqiang Liu","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0170237715657403,"gpt":0.2410416398345585,"spread":0.2240178682688182,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003223032,0.00006983528,0.0001706725,0.00005768212,0.0001061711,0.0000159261,0.0001877911,0.00003155699,0.0000397365],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006788107,0.00005321246,0.00005301208,0.0004272485,0.0004946358,0.0002171669,0.00007696458,0.0002184479,0.000001303142],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001252949,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008901327,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009175235,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002243128,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991388,0.00001361542,0.0003341929,0.00009184994,0.000221314,0.0002002789],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999503,0.00005662938,0.0001096644,0.00008056981,0.0001598355,0.00009032284],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000137839,0.00008707403,0.00005968532,0.00001068772,0.000003521906,2.462579e-7,0.0001792115,0.001189624,0.9885523,0.00953061,0.0002258883,0.0001474197],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000256285,0.0001529609,0.0002319874,0.0001269271,0.000007367865,0.00004275132,0.0001774571,0.003931695,0.9864243,0.00214351,0.006417149,0.00008755752],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.985158,0.0009025072,0.008573961,0.0002073546,0.0001841446,0.00003982599,0.000007975597,0.000005677431,0.004920524],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990646,0.0000758015,0.0003901702,0.00001006587,0.00002651966,6.409389e-7,1.961411e-7,0.000002753944,0.0004292072],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01390661,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2169941,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2042969368","doi":"10.1016/j.ces.2012.07.041","title":"Computation of complex and constrained equilibria by minimization of the Gibbs free energy","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Science","topic":"Chemical and Physical Properties in Aqueous Solutions","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":55,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Hydro-Québec; Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Fonds Québécois de la Recherche sur la Nature et les Technologies","keywords":"Computation; Gibbs free energy; Kinetic energy; Work (physics); Minification; Energy minimization; Extension (predicate logic); Thermodynamics; Energy (signal processing); Variety (cybernetics); Statistical physics; Thermodynamic integration; Chemistry; Applied mathematics; Mathematical optimization; Mathematics; Computer science; Physics; Algorithm; Computational chemistry; Classical mechanics","authors":[{"name":"Audrey Néron","is_ca":true},{"name":"Gaétan Lantagne","is_ca":true},{"name":"Bernard Marcos","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01314833231890673,"gpt":0.2130573286277794,"spread":0.1999089963088727,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008118718,0.0001048323,0.0001596048,0.00002436168,0.00003431726,0.000006707466,0.0003333849,0.00005239464,0.00001461565],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004393548,0.00008005904,0.00004605301,0.000405106,0.0006974515,0.0001283488,0.0002413477,0.00009690796,3.483738e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003985696,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002044112,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001259105,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.910155e-8,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991201,0.000004920257,0.0002405461,0.0001391266,0.0002454018,0.000249913],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994603,0.0001122835,0.00006345651,0.0001929389,0.00005326928,0.0001177561],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000002966613,0.00003840213,0.00003862083,0.0000559508,0.000004873048,1.219157e-8,0.00006796748,0.002188533,0.9889992,0.008010848,0.0001732957,0.0004192732],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001280544,0.000004269129,0.00008657128,0.00003564972,0.000007106358,0.00000218803,0.000003963283,0.2871297,0.7122052,0.0002135482,0.0001052241,0.00007846919],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.929055,0.0003414883,0.06882434,0.0001897668,0.000175631,0.00008620204,0.00004365792,0.0000829214,0.001200998],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9974428,0.000002119306,0.00246014,0.0000192223,0.00004291155,0.000003489758,0.000005980316,0.000009299021,0.00001399874],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2849412,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3264713,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2789585789","doi":"10.1149/2.0641803jes","title":"Connection between Phase Diagram, Structure and Ion Transport in Liquid, Aqueous Electrolyte Solutions of Lithium Chloride","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of The Electrochemical Society","topic":"Chemical and Physical Properties in Aqueous Solutions","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":51,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada","funders":"Natural Resources Canada","keywords":"Electrolyte; Conductivity; Chemistry; Thermodynamics; Aqueous solution; Lithium chloride; Eutectic system; Arrhenius equation; Phase diagram; Lithium (medication); Ionic conductivity; Isothermal process; Ion; Arrhenius plot; Solubility; Phase (matter); Inorganic chemistry; Activation energy; Physical chemistry; Electrode; Organic chemistry; Alloy","authors":[{"name":"Chae-Ho Yim","is_ca":true},{"name":"Yaser Abu‐Lebdeh","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01057658324105047,"gpt":0.23585776841665,"spread":0.2252811851755995,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001956566,0.0001853387,0.0004026993,0.00002579956,0.000120901,0.000006006132,0.0003008684,0.0002368541,0.00002766683],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001922927,0.0001278029,0.0003858429,0.0004010062,0.0003398407,0.000104717,0.00006404258,0.001072097,5.661533e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002249881,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006641568,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002618689,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005086889,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984901,0.0000311698,0.000596482,0.0001749174,0.000290437,0.0004168898],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991129,0.0001554615,0.000251502,0.0001726317,0.0001764377,0.000131051],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000314279,0.0001320786,0.000132402,0.00004000466,0.0001000544,4.623224e-7,0.0003694222,0.000006678976,0.9981343,0.0001850242,0.0001397138,0.0004455667],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009998301,0.0004133694,0.0000703209,0.00008706107,0.0001084067,0.00004783969,0.00002187082,0.002149502,0.9917647,0.003600081,0.0005857473,0.0001512609],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9816693,0.0005646712,0.01658561,0.0008192808,0.0001140271,0.0001109309,0.00001819574,0.00002171962,0.0000962435],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9981841,0.00009598978,0.0005735343,0.00009468851,0.0009921819,0.00000255308,0.000006985465,0.00001928946,0.00003062301],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01651483,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5211649,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2572800036","doi":"10.1039/c6gc03060b","title":"Effective separation of aromatic and aliphatic amino acid mixtures using ionic-liquid-based aqueous biphasic systems","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Green Chemistry","topic":"Chemical and Physical Properties in Aqueous Solutions","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":51,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"IONICS Mass Spectrometry (Canada)","funders":"Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia; European Research Council","keywords":"Ionic liquid; Chemistry; Amino acid; Aqueous solution; Organic chemistry; Hydrolysate; Aromatic amino acids; Chromatography; Hydrolysis; Catalysis; Biochemistry","authors":[{"name":"Emanuel V. Capela","is_ca":false},{"name":"Maria V. Quental","is_ca":false},{"name":"Pedro Domíngues","is_ca":true},{"name":"João A. P. Coutinho","is_ca":false},{"name":"Mara G. Freire","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01771934012416728,"gpt":0.2690448503450644,"spread":0.2513255102208971,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007572043,0.0002129452,0.0003393898,0.00001451403,0.0002234264,0.00005128001,0.0002713133,0.0001668448,0.00002154876],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002182527,0.0001892992,0.00009772754,0.00004855163,0.000272035,0.00009904007,0.0001080576,0.0001978527,0.000004991829],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001029058,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003193122,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003825434,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001685535,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989749,0.00001915888,0.0002974492,0.0002715308,0.0001960925,0.0002408803],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998955,0.0001267942,0.0002216558,0.0005295445,0.00005161457,0.0001154163],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004973476,0.00004482679,0.00007715906,0.001135207,0.0000573222,0.000004999736,0.00006406914,0.00158597,0.9964793,0.00002223607,0.00002210842,0.0004570397],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003846276,0.00002607786,0.00002590675,0.0003195736,0.00006974488,0.00001820332,0.00001122763,0.2097996,0.788978,0.0001576415,0.00002298149,0.0001863445],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.994849,0.0008490679,0.002471298,0.00005435629,0.0000736041,0.0002100299,0.0000276347,0.00007074206,0.001394289],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992754,0.00000407132,0.0002413585,0.00001374541,0.0001976768,0.00003825263,0.00002126542,0.00002437006,0.0001838952],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2082137,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7719398,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1945220039","doi":"10.1002/cphc.201500146","title":"Controlling the Formation of Ionic‐Liquid‐based Aqueous Biphasic Systems by Changing the Hydrogen‐Bonding Ability of Polyethylene Glycol End Groups","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ChemPhysChem","topic":"Chemical and Physical Properties in Aqueous Solutions","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":50,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo; Massachusetts Institute of Technology","keywords":"Hydrogen bond; Ethylene glycol; Aqueous solution; Ethylene oxide; Chemistry; Solvation; PEG ratio; Polyethylene glycol; Miscibility; Polymer chemistry; Ether; Ionic bonding; Ionic liquid; Polymer; Inorganic chemistry; Chemical engineering; Organic chemistry; Molecule; Ion; Copolymer; Catalysis","authors":[{"name":"Jorge F. B. Pereira","is_ca":false},{"name":"Kiki Adi Kurnia","is_ca":false},{"name":"Mara G. Freire","is_ca":false},{"name":"João A. P. Coutinho","is_ca":false},{"name":"Robin D. Rogers","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02214779113168762,"gpt":0.2294558873017453,"spread":0.2073080961700577,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005350571,0.0002360358,0.0004069483,0.00003756072,0.0001451744,0.00002035771,0.0004680872,0.0001313448,0.00001506149],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003354911,0.0001453291,0.0002308552,0.000427026,0.0002944655,0.0001346498,0.0001338133,0.0003229631,0.000007719377],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002059358,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005355175,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001029188,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":7.842781e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982511,0.00006481024,0.000606696,0.0002292318,0.0004322847,0.000415842],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998356,0.0005133904,0.0002847652,0.0005453124,0.0001786774,0.0001218933],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001284086,0.00008672332,0.000006588493,0.0002470918,0.00004541212,3.765724e-7,0.0008459531,0.008685851,0.9880038,0.001496842,0.0002178976,0.0002350561],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005667212,0.00004468456,2.853224e-7,0.00009051923,0.00004251058,0.000003876501,0.0004360012,0.2651645,0.7327681,0.0001821589,0.0005688684,0.0001318076],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9847957,0.002662079,0.01004397,0.0004840892,0.0001472709,0.0005028799,0.00005780417,0.0001050382,0.001201194],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994155,0.00000594405,0.00005737357,0.00005898171,0.0002065175,0.0001066873,0.0000399636,0.00003056377,0.00007852376],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2564786,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5926348,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2116618624","doi":"10.1063/1.3675992","title":"IUPAC-NIST Solubility Data Series. 95. Alkaline Earth Carbonates in Aqueous Systems. Part 1. Introduction, Be and Mg","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data","topic":"Chemical and Physical Properties in Aqueous Solutions","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":49,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Chemistry; Alkaline earth metal; Solubility; Aqueous solution; Alkali metal; Magnesite; Thermodynamics; Inorganic chemistry; Solubility equilibrium; Equilibrium constant; Magnesium; Mineralogy; Physical chemistry; Organic chemistry","authors":[{"name":"Alex De Visscher","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jan Vanderdeelen","is_ca":false},{"name":"Erich Königsberger","is_ca":false},{"name":"Б. Р. Чурагулов","is_ca":false},{"name":"Masami Ichikuni","is_ca":false},{"name":"Makoto Tsurumi","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.06117252145054267,"gpt":0.2891631540375213,"spread":0.2279906325869786,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003911559,0.0002674746,0.0006028726,0.0000286814,0.00006475992,0.00006383813,0.0008575228,0.0001365641,0.00004093545],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001055391,0.0001957084,0.0000453033,0.0001867383,0.0003924222,0.001068468,0.001428041,0.0009024015,0.000004690511],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004797939,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004227319,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000144794,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008399671,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979942,0.00005568773,0.0006294965,0.0004719569,0.0003770939,0.0004715877],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9979795,0.0002769886,0.0001838392,0.00100776,0.0001224588,0.0004294204],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003764893,0.001494885,0.00055667,0.0004963161,0.0001623349,0.00001290939,0.0002912405,0.00003725065,0.9609192,0.005321325,0.02224922,0.00808214],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00285252,0.0004221154,0.0004414094,0.0007355699,0.0005610862,0.0008116313,0.0005464702,0.1395362,0.1406187,0.00688291,0.7047215,0.00186989],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9889883,0.004893301,0.000167942,0.002594014,0.0003437884,0.0001745022,0.002348177,0.00005527388,0.0004346422],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9955859,0.0004711127,0.0002698801,0.00005037709,0.00269971,0.000003727066,0.000789495,0.00002002518,0.0001097915],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8203005,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7980756,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2046927453","doi":"10.1016/j.fluid.2010.01.022","title":"Micelle formation of alkylimidazolium ionic liquids in water and in ethylammonium nitrate ionic liquid: A calorimetric study","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Fluid Phase Equilibria","topic":"Chemical and Physical Properties in Aqueous Solutions","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":47,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Chemistry; Ionic liquid; Isothermal titration calorimetry; Aqueous solution; Enthalpy; Thermodynamics; C4mim; Micelle; Dilution; Calorimetry; Critical micelle concentration; Physical chemistry; Organic chemistry; Catalysis","authors":[{"name":"Andreas Heintz","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jochen K. Lehmann","is_ca":false},{"name":"Светлана А. Козлова","is_ca":false},{"name":"Elena Balantseva","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ala Bazyleva","is_ca":true},{"name":"Daniel Ondo","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01575006355792355,"gpt":0.2648264665254207,"spread":0.2490764029674971,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002962839,0.0002285801,0.0003726438,0.0002443898,0.00004135344,0.00002094619,0.0002341455,0.0001739681,0.0001383914],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001259562,0.0001830215,0.00007511793,0.0005324144,0.0001054939,0.0002887487,0.0002193635,0.0006521454,0.00003227242],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007197011,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003113026,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003522453,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001249893,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982955,0.00005378744,0.0006555281,0.000317001,0.0002040042,0.0004741557],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999293,0.0001365335,0.00004936592,0.0003377882,0.00005142455,0.0001319128],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005588709,0.001070718,0.00009370402,0.00008865394,0.00001205441,0.000006592723,0.00126022,0.0002795432,0.996291,0.0001416401,0.00004050104,0.0001564662],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00295515,0.0003909214,0.00005701217,0.00004436165,0.00002108301,0.000005436897,0.00008312759,0.116857,0.878767,0.0003922736,0.0001642079,0.0002624279],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9980857,0.00023625,0.0001218869,0.0001066547,0.000218183,0.0004141083,0.00001145552,0.0000629323,0.00074282],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995069,0.00001713327,0.00007352472,0.00002085142,0.0001364214,0.00005894736,0.00004620117,0.00002978267,0.0001102329],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.117524,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.74634,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1997637826","doi":"10.1021/jp9937398","title":"Infrared Titration of Aqueous Sulfuric Acid","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Journal of Physical Chemistry A","topic":"Chemical and Physical Properties in Aqueous Solutions","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":47,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières","funders":"","keywords":"Sulfuric acid; Chemistry; Aqueous solution; Hydronium; Titration; Inorganic chemistry; Sodium hydroxide; Hydroxide; Sulfate; Conductometry; Infrared spectroscopy; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Physical chemistry; Ion; Chromatography; Organic chemistry","authors":[{"name":"Jean-Joseph Ma×","is_ca":true},{"name":"Christophe Ménichelli","is_ca":true},{"name":"Camille Chapados","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008083327831908967,"gpt":0.2136551688141822,"spread":0.2055718409822733,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009143752,0.0001267964,0.0002570529,0.000007432488,0.00004611987,0.000006865991,0.000362081,0.00005899607,0.0006860883],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000106979,0.00007944643,0.0002133805,0.0001715688,0.0001610205,0.000086076,0.00003261554,0.0004428387,0.0000285303],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004512059,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003204522,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000003583201,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":5.762133e-8,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991054,0.0000229608,0.0003532072,0.00007212642,0.0002775562,0.0001687382],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999267,0.0001707336,0.0001488405,0.0002161406,0.0001036781,0.00009360988],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001301798,0.0002157557,4.293712e-7,0.0000607169,0.00004478524,0.000001753326,0.0002991478,0.006818482,0.9889613,0.00008391395,0.0005179413,0.002865594],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002702565,0.00005754944,0.000003808596,0.00005887226,0.00006680306,0.00003781085,0.00002241003,0.0194071,0.9743749,0.004156674,0.001443792,0.00009995855],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9579555,0.000295852,0.0006680964,0.0001881456,0.00001653515,0.00004732239,0.00001023543,0.00002711051,0.04079118],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9972595,0.00002516431,0.00004977732,0.00003617909,0.0006098418,0.000001363148,0.00000283068,0.00001324974,0.002002099],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03930397,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7512187,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1987596929","doi":"10.1016/j.fluid.2009.09.023","title":"Thermodynamic modeling and experimental measurement of calcium sulfate in complex aqueous solutions","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Fluid Phase Equilibria","topic":"Chemical and Physical Properties in Aqueous Solutions","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":45,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Chemistry; Solubility; Aqueous solution; Activity coefficient; Pitzer equations; Electrolyte; Gibbs free energy; Thermodynamics; Inorganic chemistry; Sodium sulfate; Osmotic coefficient; Physical chemistry; Sodium; Organic chemistry","authors":[{"name":"Gisele Azimi","is_ca":true},{"name":"Vladimiros G. Papangelakis","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.08098682265985165,"gpt":0.3007042611278833,"spread":0.2197174384680317,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001092824,0.0001853738,0.000282847,0.00005076786,0.00005735514,0.00001193502,0.0001554879,0.0000751972,0.000101018],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004743331,0.0001737706,0.00008599407,0.0001442559,0.0000867155,0.0001002791,0.00009203375,0.0001779819,0.000006879657],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001642844,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000241277,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001161903,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003127703,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987022,0.000028145,0.0003923847,0.0002595037,0.0002467072,0.0003710328],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995411,0.00002470761,0.00003430027,0.0002294179,0.00004883557,0.0001216317],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001012608,0.0005413911,0.000001464044,0.00001875949,0.00001587798,0.000002450959,0.0002091152,0.003414701,0.9925483,0.002276439,0.00008551844,0.0007847468],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001121406,0.00009406633,0.000007277444,0.00004766304,0.00001100572,0.000003454077,0.00001975817,0.7914494,0.2054347,0.001613621,0.00003289019,0.0001647507],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.984489,0.001394387,0.01141304,0.000174981,0.00004656335,0.0001782683,0.00002808838,0.0000890845,0.002186554],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999491,0.000007495562,0.0003004035,0.00004123214,0.00007531607,0.00001284092,0.00002697684,0.00001781753,0.00002687308],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7880347,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.708616,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2091249340","doi":"10.1023/b:josl.0000048061.87789.81","title":"Nickel(II) Oxide Solubility and Phase Stability in High Temperature Aqueous Solutions","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Solution Chemistry","topic":"Chemical and Physical Properties in Aqueous Solutions","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":45,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Lockheed Martin (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Chemistry; Anhydrous; Solubility; Aqueous solution; Inorganic chemistry; Nickel; Oxide; Nickel oxide; Hydroxide; Phase (matter); Autoclave; Physical chemistry; Organic chemistry","authors":[{"name":"S.E. Ziemniak","is_ca":true},{"name":"M. A. Goyette","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01670164395226677,"gpt":0.2420561868426042,"spread":0.2253545428903374,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003640936,0.000234052,0.0004271967,0.00003580515,0.0002131001,0.0000251071,0.0002346433,0.0002727698,0.0001273324],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006191768,0.0002075485,0.0001853266,0.0002556016,0.0003156262,0.0002484553,0.0001857532,0.001122512,0.000004029625],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007185105,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001735252,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001247514,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000112309,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981741,0.00002633731,0.0007686801,0.000277518,0.0003076617,0.0004457413],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989331,0.0001004644,0.0002089985,0.0002769056,0.0002025853,0.0002779838],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001273479,0.0009504014,0.00006324642,0.0001417674,0.00003081789,0.00001442934,0.0001389786,0.001563342,0.9962057,0.0002011469,0.0001751533,0.0003876931],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003430698,0.00009559598,0.00014793,0.0002311354,0.00004741163,0.000207738,0.0001135597,0.001663034,0.9851938,0.008207517,0.0003346325,0.000326896],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9960163,0.0009679302,0.00096035,0.001471374,0.0001099602,0.00008703789,0.0000409652,0.0000485443,0.0002975636],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9981745,0.00008773273,0.001273153,0.000056813,0.0002742171,0.00000693741,0.00001327834,0.0000183234,0.00009507976],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01101182,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8463582,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3170383739","doi":"10.1021/acs.analchem.1c01419","title":"Enhancing the Sensitivity of DNA and Aptamer Probes in the Dextran/PEG Aqueous Two-Phase System","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Analytical Chemistry","topic":"Chemical and Physical Properties in Aqueous Solutions","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":44,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Chemistry; Dextran; Polyethylene glycol; PEG ratio; Aqueous solution; Chromatography; Aqueous two-phase system; Polymer; Aptamer; Ionic strength; Detection limit; Biosensor; Phase (matter); DNA; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry","authors":[{"name":"Qiaoshu Chen","is_ca":true},{"name":"Yanwen Zhang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Hui Chen","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jianbo Liu","is_ca":true},{"name":"Juewen Liu","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01246126557431564,"gpt":0.2497648838322001,"spread":0.2373036182578845,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002970788,0.0001541753,0.0002718029,0.000006232923,0.00007294118,0.00002488333,0.0001501126,0.00009059974,0.00004518562],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004802885,0.00009247364,0.0001229698,0.0002454426,0.0002648132,0.00003321654,0.0001110901,0.0004632607,0.000005205259],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005360214,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003865569,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008605664,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001686963,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988543,0.00006783493,0.000330455,0.0002559882,0.0002220691,0.0002693051],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986536,0.0008034973,0.00004135293,0.0003568957,0.0000670388,0.000077614],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001712093,0.0001774001,0.00002306522,0.0003889319,0.00003803179,0.00006150104,0.0002141426,0.0001200332,0.9963897,0.001900111,0.00005349937,0.000616491],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003572525,0.000006446395,0.000009461681,0.0001446965,0.00006990402,0.0001173021,0.0005319399,0.1066829,0.8914258,0.0002467239,0.0002733555,0.0001342357],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9864423,0.0004425002,0.002076376,0.000731686,0.00002182868,0.00008638743,0.00001651837,0.00004327053,0.01013918],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993977,0.000008933906,0.00006036792,0.00009645577,0.0001587672,0.00001168865,0.000009642383,0.00001208749,0.0002443706],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1065629,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3770965,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2065020959","doi":"10.1021/jp002473y","title":"Amino Acids under Hydrothermal Conditions:  Apparent Molar Heat Capacities of Aqueous α-Alanine, β-Alanine, Glycine, and Proline at Temperatures from 298 to 500 K and Pressures up to 30.0 MPa","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Journal of Physical Chemistry B","topic":"Chemical and Physical Properties in Aqueous Solutions","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":41,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"","keywords":"Chemistry; Aqueous solution; Alanine; Thermodynamics; Heat capacity; Proline; Differential scanning calorimetry; Solvation; Apparent molar property; Amino acid; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Physical chemistry; Partial molar property; Organic chemistry; Molecule; Biochemistry","authors":[{"name":"Rodney G. Clarke","is_ca":true},{"name":"L. Hnědkovský","is_ca":true},{"name":"Peter R. Tremaine","is_ca":true},{"name":"Vladimı́r Majer","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008518530384591157,"gpt":0.2254820097044025,"spread":0.2169634793198114,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006943782,0.0002937955,0.0005119487,0.00001993603,0.0001245215,0.00002627018,0.0003069387,0.00009019787,0.0005188637],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008247753,0.0001933962,0.0001219402,0.0001211598,0.0003258492,0.00008290648,0.0001408534,0.000479564,0.00001172907],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006616817,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002292875,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000133288,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002825104,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986668,0.00003668926,0.0004308438,0.0002162317,0.0003529211,0.000296554],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989014,0.0003054841,0.00008321652,0.0002736254,0.0001107064,0.0003255852],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004611923,0.0001491758,0.00004071468,0.0001141613,0.0001423942,0.000003674479,0.001555817,0.009367005,0.9867179,0.00005611068,0.001256851,0.000135034],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000722612,0.0001844246,0.0003019365,0.0002538942,0.0001706973,0.00008950001,0.0002170066,0.006016011,0.9897283,0.0009979943,0.001021914,0.0002956761],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9972687,0.0009145337,0.00006645096,0.0005617366,0.00002678189,0.0001607621,0.0002296732,0.00002995584,0.0007414507],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9975966,0.00005445489,0.00007387022,0.0001795779,0.0007404259,0.00001297732,0.00001987192,0.00003221504,0.001289975],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.003350994,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7886469,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1976292701","doi":"10.1021/ie0508280","title":"Development of an Improved Chemical Model for the Estimation of CaSO<sub>4</sub> Solubilities in the HCl−CaCl<sub>2</sub>−H<sub>2</sub>O System up to 100 °C","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","topic":"Chemical and Physical Properties in Aqueous Solutions","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":40,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Solubility; Anhydrite; Hemihydrate; Chemistry; Solubility equilibrium; Thermodynamics; Activity coefficient; Work (physics); Aqueous solution; Mineralogy; Physical chemistry; Gypsum; Materials science","authors":[{"name":"Zhibao Li","is_ca":true},{"name":"George P. Demopoulos","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.06844627398530387,"gpt":0.2939024052601241,"spread":0.2254561312748202,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001424232,0.0004688132,0.0006217668,0.0001143155,0.00021493,0.00007875128,0.001053856,0.0005896249,0.000003164855],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001379505,0.0003711458,0.0002370488,0.0008344467,0.0002563482,0.0001513195,0.0003701487,0.001539907,0.000005634421],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007452488,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003951688,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009160332,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000009441146,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9959973,0.00005677843,0.001200556,0.0006334292,0.001022285,0.001089618],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9971201,0.001294004,0.0001431249,0.0008247332,0.0003752811,0.0002427059],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001897658,0.0001547369,0.000001368189,0.0007001409,0.00005139005,0.000001560452,0.0005787613,0.1915652,0.8025618,0.0001172866,0.0002446338,0.003833398],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005622898,0.00002312254,0.000002209422,0.0002436154,0.00002009545,0.000005405267,0.0002173349,0.4377673,0.5608419,0.00005214977,0.00003386361,0.0002308107],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9929404,0.00008897553,0.005257251,0.0001356052,0.0001365863,0.00107707,0.0001250431,0.0001430615,0.00009600177],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9978232,0.000004510598,0.0004502228,0.000006073848,0.0007189431,0.0007549666,0.000131335,0.00008902121,0.00002176538],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2462021,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998741,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2102064949","doi":"10.1139/v00-038","title":"Titrage infrarouge de l'acide phosphorique","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Chemistry","topic":"Chemical and Physical Properties in Aqueous Solutions","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":40,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Chemistry; Titration; Infrared spectroscopy; Titration curve; Aqueous solution; Phosphoric acid; Ionic strength; Equilibrium constant; Hydroxide; Inorganic chemistry; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Physical chemistry; Chromatography; Organic chemistry","authors":[{"name":"Jocelyn Baril","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jean-Joseph Ma×","is_ca":false},{"name":"Camille Chapados","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.005403332889604005,"gpt":0.1828085011653132,"spread":0.1774051682757092,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006979135,0.0001133733,0.0001638035,0.0000143837,0.00006083397,0.00002360689,0.0002957204,0.000126783,0.008184369],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000129245,0.0001061671,0.0001388742,0.0001021355,0.00009711771,0.00007224393,0.000006340603,0.0005386849,0.00005342707],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002951186,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004899384,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007799768,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007162752,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992089,0.000006328947,0.0002595965,0.00008560322,0.00009696933,0.0003425466],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989377,0.00003828097,0.00004660583,0.0001470373,0.00005770458,0.0007726193],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002704147,0.00003430274,0.0002093789,0.00008639621,0.0000658176,0.0002206401,0.0004557662,0.002329315,0.9695306,0.0001335574,0.01869761,0.008209522],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000232854,0.00001130772,0.00002826861,0.00009532561,0.00001511736,0.0002790776,0.00002481241,0.0007752556,0.8218833,0.001797207,0.1746684,0.00018912],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8847753,0.0008156832,0.0003264171,0.0004294778,0.00006543202,0.00002248808,0.00002201978,0.00002046851,0.1135227],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9917923,0.00002794474,0.0002997545,0.0002262493,0.000488533,0.000001506536,0.000003771317,0.00001797408,0.007141969],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1559708,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9927223,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3186652784","doi":"10.1016/j.molliq.2021.116983","title":"Determination and correlation of phase equilibria of chiral magnetic ionic liquid aqueous two-phase systems with different inorganic salts at 298.15 K","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Molecular Liquids","topic":"Chemical and Physical Properties in Aqueous Solutions","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":39,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"MD Precision (Canada)","funders":"Sichuan Province Science and Technology Support Program; China Postdoctoral Science Foundation; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Binodal; Ionic liquid; Aqueous solution; Chemistry; Phase (matter); Alkyl; Salt (chemistry); Aqueous two-phase system; Ionic bonding; Thermodynamics; Ion; Physical chemistry; Organic chemistry; Phase diagram","authors":[{"name":"Tian Yao","is_ca":false},{"name":"Hongmei Li","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jiawen Yang","is_ca":true},{"name":"Xiaodong Shi","is_ca":false},{"name":"Huiling Yan","is_ca":false},{"name":"Lianxin Peng","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.007880429933920659,"gpt":0.2423222490027991,"spread":0.2344418190688784,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009349395,0.000176821,0.0004466882,0.0000685071,0.00003981237,0.00001717822,0.0001275898,0.00009643775,0.00005749758],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001575455,0.0001380397,0.0001374929,0.0001759613,0.0001322909,0.00009115478,0.0001123641,0.0002657044,0.000001061785],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001233913,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007942528,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000006653268,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001625987,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985134,0.00007854102,0.0006941614,0.0001583725,0.0003687881,0.0001867628],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988909,0.00009766696,0.0003575134,0.0002040437,0.0003022838,0.0001476318],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008808105,0.0005321375,0.00001524158,0.0002387,0.00007009156,0.00006583821,0.0001728936,0.002632042,0.9941937,0.0002673593,0.00001443213,0.0009168],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003965088,0.002792466,0.00001045302,0.0004569829,0.0002071203,0.000432072,0.00002590586,0.1333104,0.8584781,0.0001135145,0.00004300151,0.0001649758],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.98217,0.004228941,0.01311602,0.00006457521,0.0001284069,0.0001079886,0.00001415539,0.00001255656,0.0001573244],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993431,0.00005023541,0.0002991458,0.00001549879,0.00009252403,0.000003175768,0.0000161993,0.00002766498,0.0001524324],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1357156,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5629095,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2128073949","doi":"10.1002/bit.20300","title":"Affinity‐enhanced protein partitioning in decyl β‐<scp>D</scp>‐glucopyranoside two‐phase aqueous micellar systems","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biotechnology and Bioengineering","topic":"Chemical and Physical Properties in Aqueous Solutions","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":39,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"National Institute of General Medical Sciences","keywords":"Partition coefficient; Micelle; Chemistry; Aqueous solution; Micellar liquid chromatography; Pulmonary surfactant; Downstream processing; Biomolecule; Phase (matter); Aqueous two-phase system; Chromatography; Chemical engineering; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry","authors":[{"name":"Henry Lam","is_ca":false},{"name":"M. Kavoosi","is_ca":true},{"name":"Charles A. Haynes","is_ca":true},{"name":"Daniel I. C. Wang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Daniel Blankschtein","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01008380524561432,"gpt":0.2253433110730477,"spread":0.2152595058274334,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009996906,0.0002801135,0.0003286746,0.0001631694,0.00009137233,0.00003694377,0.0002509415,0.0004357726,0.000006853544],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000195015,0.0002701305,0.00006258045,0.0003514954,0.0001682227,0.0001113751,0.0001566779,0.0006537543,0.00004475567],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001274276,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001725848,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000675517,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001970844,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984846,0.00001690896,0.0003916191,0.0004000079,0.0001279488,0.0005789928],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994058,0.0001188562,0.00005648958,0.0002669129,0.0000322341,0.0001196916],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001151092,0.0001383036,0.00001407606,0.0000936631,0.00003555273,0.00001609344,0.0001022177,0.01100155,0.9818283,0.003495177,0.00003668493,0.003226885],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009907996,0.00005811933,0.000005163283,0.0002191077,0.00001570065,0.00002429265,0.00005645265,0.1396543,0.854515,0.0001112999,0.004178285,0.000171544],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9769847,0.003457593,0.01760035,0.0003707852,0.0001257103,0.0003348939,0.0000129905,0.0007824476,0.0003305327],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9975196,0.000107718,0.001789966,0.00003504783,0.0002291974,0.0001231239,0.00001310762,0.00003608245,0.000146196],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1286527,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999751,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2043286165","doi":"10.1016/j.gca.2004.11.028","title":"Ionization constants of aqueous amino acids at temperatures up to 250°C using hydrothermal pH indicators and UV-visible spectroscopy: Glycine, α-alanine, and proline","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","topic":"Chemical and Physical Properties in Aqueous Solutions","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":37,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Ontario Tech University; University of Guelph; Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"","keywords":"Chemistry; Ionization; Aqueous solution; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Acid dissociation constant; Hydrothermal circulation; Spectroscopy; Potentiometric titration; Glycine; Alanine; Inorganic chemistry; Amino acid; Physical chemistry; Ion; Chromatography; Organic chemistry","authors":[{"name":"Rodney G. Clarke","is_ca":true},{"name":"Christopher Collins","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jenene C. Roberts","is_ca":true},{"name":"Liliana Trevani","is_ca":true},{"name":"Richard J. Bartholomew","is_ca":true},{"name":"Peter R. Tremaine","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01068069526200438,"gpt":0.2453888480164812,"spread":0.2347081527544768,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001195796,0.0004167804,0.0005617708,0.0001881313,0.0002068183,0.00005339497,0.0002641191,0.0001992185,0.0001397058],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000214091,0.000372062,0.00008632406,0.0004483756,0.000304453,0.0001829237,0.0004176061,0.0004590873,0.00001138732],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001599359,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006406697,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004780859,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002099065,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979194,0.00005532838,0.0005500143,0.000593997,0.0003168974,0.0005643922],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988665,0.0001483464,0.0001597774,0.0003953943,0.00007857964,0.000351389],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002572112,0.0001315819,0.0007487943,0.000101979,0.00006660441,0.000001974081,0.0005472591,0.0003929828,0.9955654,0.001001116,0.0007119674,0.0004732036],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001142344,0.000131065,0.0007023076,0.0001987589,0.0000968965,0.0001090781,0.00003505236,0.03496779,0.9598688,0.0004077932,0.001752587,0.000587486],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9956133,0.0002936196,0.0004177818,0.001304131,0.00008785805,0.0004685665,0.000170428,0.0001611302,0.001483191],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9940706,0.0001119317,0.004502237,0.0005939637,0.0002192154,0.00002116028,0.00007968245,0.00006999046,0.0003311797],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03569649,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998732,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2314582726","doi":"10.1021/jp406580q","title":"Raman and ab Initio Investigation of Aqueous Cu(I) Chloride Complexes from 25 to 80 °C","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Journal of Physical Chemistry B","topic":"Chemical and Physical Properties in Aqueous Solutions","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":37,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Saint Mary's University; University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Raman spectroscopy; Chemistry; Ab initio; Raman scattering; Aqueous solution; Ab initio quantum chemistry methods; Chloride; Perchlorate; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Ion; Density functional theory; Physical chemistry; Computational chemistry; Molecule","authors":[{"name":"L. Applegarth","is_ca":true},{"name":"Christopher R. Corbeil","is_ca":true},{"name":"D.J. Mercer","is_ca":true},{"name":"Cory C. Pye","is_ca":true},{"name":"Peter R. Tremaine","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01589879035605376,"gpt":0.2209780129354856,"spread":0.2050792225794318,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006924078,0.0001578719,0.0003231987,0.00001200862,0.0000487832,0.00001953911,0.0003230908,0.00005707296,0.0001213267],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002005872,0.0001038669,0.0001142483,0.0001280542,0.0002459357,0.0001152074,0.0001346602,0.0004254356,0.00002295707],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004680944,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002114663,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000169182,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":5.200694e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990498,0.00002152154,0.0003742711,0.0001089815,0.0002627163,0.0001827262],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987658,0.0004582559,0.0001784326,0.0002066192,0.0001644603,0.0002264581],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004462638,0.0000629717,0.00002938277,0.00005708351,0.00005019879,6.781332e-7,0.0006573129,0.0004414932,0.9970586,0.00006674525,0.001047062,0.0004838757],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002642257,0.00005043686,0.0002469294,0.0001279048,0.00006174683,0.0000105587,0.00009614817,0.007812076,0.9823593,0.008580811,0.0002542581,0.000135543],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9977686,0.0001084785,0.0003262994,0.0007856511,0.00002481247,0.00007507631,0.00001949431,0.00001990136,0.0008716873],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988046,0.00001064988,0.0001958371,0.0001372891,0.0007352213,0.000004797525,0.000006950227,0.00001676435,0.00008785906],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01469921,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4235568,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2316400818","doi":"10.1021/je300361j","title":"Limiting Conductivities and Ion Association Constants of Aqueous NaCl under Hydrothermal Conditions: Experimental Data and Correlations","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data","topic":"Chemical and Physical Properties in Aqueous Solutions","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":37,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"Bruce Power","keywords":"Chemistry; Aqueous solution; Conductivity; Viscosity; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Ionic bonding; Ion; Sodium; Dilution; Limiting; Ionic conductivity; Conductance; Electrical resistivity and conductivity; Chloride; Inorganic chemistry; Thermodynamics; Electrolyte; Chromatography; Physical chemistry; Organic chemistry","authors":[{"name":"G. H. Zimmerman","is_ca":false},{"name":"Hugues Arcis","is_ca":true},{"name":"Peter R. Tremaine","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0474830897634916,"gpt":0.2780594622254566,"spread":0.2305763724619651,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000278281,0.0001552047,0.0003118929,0.00004796169,0.00004124034,0.00002291172,0.0003501287,0.0001234321,0.00003818917],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008496928,0.0001432581,0.00003626158,0.00009089779,0.00009727477,0.0008554173,0.0005115384,0.0004155509,0.000001512413],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001064487,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002337171,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000007799926,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":8.015974e-8,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988255,0.00001777833,0.0004779483,0.0001665564,0.0002552508,0.0002569745],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985696,0.0005974564,0.0002346168,0.000366663,0.00006148354,0.0001701924],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001591487,0.0001333825,0.0004219166,0.00006176347,0.0001231872,9.979273e-7,0.0001597283,0.0004502347,0.9968078,0.0008744362,0.0007995629,0.0001510916],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001040609,0.00004599285,0.0001288416,0.0004017512,0.000198052,0.0001976291,0.0003007653,0.1760703,0.8196326,0.0002560571,0.001333381,0.0003939935],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9918643,0.004156966,0.002862254,0.0002058765,0.0002312004,0.00007540434,0.0004540621,0.00003639597,0.000113581],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9974722,0.00005423649,0.001829113,0.00002891713,0.000443633,0.000001824957,0.0001299162,0.00002295363,0.0000172236],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1771751,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5841896,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2948346809","doi":"10.1021/acs.jpcb.9b03062","title":"Triborate Formation Constants and Polyborate Speciation under Hydrothermal Conditions by Raman Spectroscopy using a Titanium/Sapphire Flow Cell","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Journal of Physical Chemistry B","topic":"Chemical and Physical Properties in Aqueous Solutions","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":36,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Electric Power Research Institute","keywords":"Boric acid; Chemistry; Aqueous solution; Boron; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Raman spectroscopy; Equilibrium constant; Titanium; Inorganic chemistry; Crystallography; Physical chemistry; Chromatography","authors":[{"name":"Swaroop Sasidharanpillai","is_ca":true},{"name":"Hugues Arcis","is_ca":true},{"name":"Liliana Trevani","is_ca":true},{"name":"Peter R. Tremaine","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.007894676751347493,"gpt":0.2229631840210334,"spread":0.2150685072696859,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001018192,0.0001741802,0.0002645889,0.0000124519,0.0001060525,0.00003506428,0.0001806746,0.0000719283,0.0001632441],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002336543,0.0001224726,0.0001040288,0.000155809,0.0001297281,0.000254262,0.00004913619,0.0004590414,0.00002614027],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001556043,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003751482,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000005745704,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.418786e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990576,0.00003269572,0.0003137597,0.000109611,0.0002531643,0.000233151],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992246,0.0001500207,0.0002453937,0.0001592851,0.0001004305,0.0001202784],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007524074,0.0001192178,0.000004816281,0.00006798131,0.00003127518,7.498923e-7,0.0001361382,0.006885457,0.9921313,0.000132114,0.0003895145,0.000026192],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005693728,0.00004026873,0.000004920761,0.00005824813,0.00006816423,0.00002412679,0.0001143222,0.1843915,0.8131488,0.001338227,0.0001060191,0.0001360433],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9917301,0.0001590105,0.004486504,0.0002186388,0.00004150293,0.000106221,0.00007870772,0.00002322466,0.003156101],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991388,0.00001867057,0.0001377561,0.00005827368,0.000389272,0.000001187935,0.00001930379,0.00002097667,0.0002157563],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1789825,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4994288,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2328023710","doi":"10.1016/j.jct.2016.03.042","title":"How much do we know about the activity of individual ions?","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics","topic":"Chemical and Physical Properties in Aqueous Solutions","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":34,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Chemistry; Consistency (knowledge bases); Class (philosophy); Ion; Information retrieval; Artificial intelligence; Computer science; Organic chemistry","authors":[{"name":"Grażyna Wilczek-Vera","is_ca":true},{"name":"Juan H. Vera","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01875068060213039,"gpt":0.2355966860065963,"spread":0.2168460054044659,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004678192,0.0002229918,0.0003798742,0.00002922518,0.00007784437,0.00002988563,0.001270604,0.0001559791,0.00006396935],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004986707,0.000088809,0.00034191,0.0002141767,0.0006312138,0.0001566892,0.000296232,0.0007281415,0.000006108861],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001212766,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004813126,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00000335696,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.241372e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984363,0.0001030915,0.0004209056,0.0001244161,0.0005799385,0.0003353927],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9974707,0.001339827,0.000392019,0.0004676769,0.0002001905,0.0001295679],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001756334,0.0001368943,0.000003780543,0.00002524779,0.0001569678,8.68151e-7,0.0002987336,0.00005886265,0.9512632,0.003123102,0.0003407522,0.04441593],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007284337,0.00007930287,0.00002641734,0.0004945315,0.000204373,0.00008529275,0.0001129926,0.005789199,0.9573052,0.03179589,0.003122841,0.0002555487],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.975875,0.002250446,0.009273303,0.01142329,0.0001662427,0.0001185711,0.00005548121,0.00003017617,0.0008074706],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9980913,0.001010077,0.0001428105,0.00005212074,0.0004138435,0.000003275518,7.129563e-7,0.0000316016,0.000254221],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.04416038,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3621526,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2011897928","doi":"10.1016/s0009-2509(00)00113-5","title":"A further study of solid–liquid equilibrium for the NaCl–NH4Cl–H2O system","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Science","topic":"Chemical and Physical Properties in Aqueous Solutions","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":33,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Work (physics); Mixing (physics); Pitzer equations; Activity coefficient; Phase equilibrium; Phase (matter); Physics; Physical chemistry; Aqueous solution","authors":[{"name":"Xiaoyan Ji","is_ca":false},{"name":"Xiaohua Lü","is_ca":false},{"name":"Luzheng Zhang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ningzhong Bao","is_ca":false},{"name":"Yanru Wang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jun Shi","is_ca":false},{"name":"Benjamin C.‐Y. Lu","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01395961117733271,"gpt":0.2363999374871505,"spread":0.2224403263098178,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002364035,0.0002336782,0.0003132409,0.00003998072,0.0001004999,0.00002616625,0.001018329,0.00007754037,0.00006583706],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002970253,0.0001623596,0.0001430372,0.0006527004,0.0002975413,0.000136972,0.0001258898,0.0002868935,0.00002112382],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001491171,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003794869,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001716486,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":7.960381e-8,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981413,0.000005357644,0.0004071323,0.0004231066,0.0004426933,0.0005804495],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987605,0.0003260924,0.00004647816,0.0005769292,0.0001103857,0.0001795931],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006303353,0.0001812312,0.000001045427,0.00008840443,0.00002252467,6.156789e-7,0.0004994367,0.04875438,0.9490883,0.0005818444,0.00005906069,0.0006601593],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003697965,0.0001367402,0.000005793755,0.00007060893,0.00003344808,0.000006028668,0.000122331,0.419744,0.5789294,0.00002222708,0.0003477461,0.0002119667],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9925924,0.0001525188,0.005328124,0.0001531877,0.0002021619,0.0005046782,0.00002491727,0.0003227432,0.0007193018],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989604,0.000001492186,0.0004563018,0.00002683667,0.0002457554,0.0001005083,0.000001783811,0.00002942399,0.000177533],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3709896,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6620833,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2949532730","doi":"10.1021/je0600911","title":"Physicochemical Properties of ZnSO<sub>4</sub>−H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>−H<sub>2</sub>O Electrolytes of Relevance to Zinc Electrowinning","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data","topic":"Chemical and Physical Properties in Aqueous Solutions","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":33,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Laurentian University","funders":"","keywords":"Chemistry; Electrolyte; Zinc; Diffusion; Inorganic chemistry; Viscosity; Electrowinning; Conductivity; Strong electrolyte; Thermodynamics; Physical chemistry; Electrode; Organic chemistry","authors":[{"name":"Eduard Guerra","is_ca":true},{"name":"Massimiliano Bestetti","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01282329293804549,"gpt":0.2126669783940718,"spread":0.1998436854560263,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006593931,0.001397222,0.002400266,0.0003986641,0.0001715498,0.000143421,0.002742245,0.0007495084,0.000007678098],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002579691,0.001309007,0.0009723552,0.001578676,0.0005479479,0.001066843,0.001314764,0.003166361,0.00004938],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007645288,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003402924,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000212196,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002739292,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9914772,0.00008542915,0.003108284,0.00135849,0.001852112,0.00211851],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9945081,0.000813211,0.001037169,0.001941056,0.0008251383,0.0008753279],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006005185,0.0008850837,0.00001654255,0.001008162,0.0005032301,0.00003340751,0.0001133109,0.01362661,0.9740731,0.0002533466,0.004792307,0.004094426],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001421063,0.0002728087,0.00002238182,0.001924646,0.0004132358,0.0001738393,0.000014079,0.03059958,0.962189,0.0004679027,0.001102128,0.001399363],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9859553,0.003205213,0.00876961,0.0005454025,0.0003437972,0.000493189,0.000273687,0.0003427296,0.00007104594],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9944125,0.0005155817,0.001902703,0.0001567944,0.002325022,0.00005973502,0.0002853504,0.000336296,0.000006063047],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01697297,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998778,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2091680530","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450780123","title":"Measurement and correlation of the individual ionic activity coefficients of aqueous electrolyte solutions of KF, NaF and KBr","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Chemical and Physical Properties in Aqueous Solutions","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":32,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Molality; Activity coefficient; Electrolyte; Aqueous solution; Chemistry; Ion; Counterion; Ionic bonding; Inorganic chemistry; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Electrode; Chromatography; Physical chemistry; Organic chemistry","authors":[{"name":"Vahid Taghikhani","is_ca":true},{"name":"Juan H. Vera","is_ca":true},{"name":"Hamid Modarress","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0161944066060854,"gpt":0.1801076831231116,"spread":0.1639132765170262,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002435777,0.0001124142,0.0002416374,0.00004341724,0.0000630963,0.000007738374,0.000226984,0.00008203714,0.00002415445],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002748477,0.00007619628,0.00009898201,0.0001911361,0.0002403567,0.00004968981,0.00003363132,0.000417453,2.469419e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001250577,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001513821,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005820753,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004422406,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990309,0.00001888545,0.0003465166,0.00007807965,0.0003000906,0.0002254849],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993341,0.00009723046,0.0001336886,0.0001419145,0.000124935,0.0001681173],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003081798,0.00003489485,0.00006329668,0.0000852437,0.00009710933,4.916279e-7,0.000300818,0.03891172,0.9552583,0.0005698964,0.00003407562,0.004613356],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006011762,0.00007112584,0.0007810107,0.0004548347,0.0001787192,0.00007591559,0.000009750173,0.1212308,0.8758324,0.0003998909,0.000190165,0.0001741522],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9973029,0.00130782,0.0008852701,0.0002244502,0.00005407881,0.00007838418,0.00001832563,0.000005089112,0.00012365],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9998465,0.00001034576,0.00006302222,0.000009848698,0.00004603485,0.000001369951,6.010301e-7,0.00001129026,0.00001102723],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.08231908,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3107194,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2535201207","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.6b03525","title":"Effect of Sodium Sulfate, Ammonium Chloride, Ammonium Nitrate, and Salt Mixtures on Aqueous Phase Partitioning of Organic Compounds","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Science & Technology","topic":"Chemical and Physical Properties in Aqueous Solutions","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":31,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"University of Toronto Scarborough; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Chemistry; Aqueous solution; Ammonium; Salt (chemistry); Sodium nitrate; Ammonium chloride; Ammonium sulfate; Inorganic chemistry; Sodium; Nitrate; Ammonium nitrate; Sulfate; Sodium sulfate; Aqueous two-phase system; Phase (matter); Chloride; Environmental chemistry; Nuclear chemistry; Organic chemistry","authors":[{"name":"Chen Wang","is_ca":true},{"name":"Ying Duan Lei","is_ca":true},{"name":"Frank Wania","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.004685702899944019,"gpt":0.2202457925057523,"spread":0.2155600896058083,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001506908,0.000180977,0.0002810264,0.0001335514,0.0001338718,0.000006924518,0.0003616997,0.0001342146,0.0000861556],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001645463,0.0001203185,0.00005191221,0.0003865599,0.00301947,0.0001194668,0.0002666725,0.0002066781,0.00002519401],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001575538,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000014441,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000155028,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001350733,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987193,0.00001649193,0.0002747489,0.0003619122,0.0002477395,0.0003798509],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992819,0.0002047909,0.0001013434,0.0003054797,0.000009093387,0.00009737484],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002284714,0.0001750766,0.0004403612,0.000019683,0.000009616117,0.000002045866,0.00001883471,0.00001186503,0.9943542,0.0004463482,0.00002201593,0.004271417],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007960954,0.0008541277,0.00003903292,0.00007726262,0.00001638549,0.00001426352,0.0000111897,0.0003318545,0.9968114,0.0007335346,0.0001644994,0.0001503563],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9983023,0.0001594653,0.0003186556,0.0002487674,0.00007387772,0.0001393025,0.00002567196,0.00009699041,0.0006349458],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996756,0.00005473363,0.00007124386,0.0000142293,0.00002772841,0.00002004795,0.000003500644,0.00001501086,0.0001179312],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.00412106,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996938,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2546596928","doi":"10.1016/j.jct.2016.11.007","title":"Ionization of boric acid in water from 298 K to 623 K by AC conductivity and Raman spectroscopy","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics","topic":"Chemical and Physical Properties in Aqueous Solutions","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Chemistry; Boric acid; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Aqueous solution; Raman spectroscopy; Boron; Conductivity; Inorganic chemistry; Physical chemistry; Chromatography; Organic chemistry","authors":[{"name":"Hugues Arcis","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jane P. Ferguson","is_ca":true},{"name":"L. Applegarth","is_ca":true},{"name":"G. H. Zimmerman","is_ca":false},{"name":"Peter R. Tremaine","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.007536434405138279,"gpt":0.2137632235109386,"spread":0.2062267891058003,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001837686,0.0001402149,0.0002977352,0.00002888681,0.00002041172,0.000007204643,0.0002910959,0.00009884099,0.00006727413],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001670931,0.00006647535,0.00006795685,0.000116764,0.0001539141,0.0001060556,0.0001261816,0.0002880202,0.000005352026],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001422395,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001188149,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003098467,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001180912,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990154,0.0000432688,0.0003987601,0.0001151762,0.0002056014,0.000221826],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992822,0.000243483,0.0001043596,0.0001839094,0.00007671762,0.0001092951],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001980672,0.00009148572,0.00004734816,0.00001022247,0.00002993369,5.509963e-7,0.0002766593,0.00008338407,0.9981389,0.0001708228,0.00009337088,0.0008592486],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004705659,0.00004395532,0.00002964968,0.00009036744,0.00002808282,0.000006295502,0.00001765667,0.003803028,0.9838056,0.01151749,0.00007231447,0.0001149954],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.981612,0.0001649206,0.01665179,0.001203593,0.00006150363,0.00007112191,0.00002689136,0.00001149505,0.0001967086],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993098,0.0000666721,0.0003790437,0.00006165224,0.0001258386,0.00000163533,0.000004467023,0.00002006161,0.00003076659],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01769789,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2710786,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1966851513","doi":"10.1021/jp063824x","title":"Apparent and Standard Partial Molar Volumes of NaCl, NaOH, and HCl in Water and Heavy Water at <i>T</i> = 523 K and 573 K at <i>p</i> = 14 MPa","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Journal of Physical Chemistry B","topic":"Chemical and Physical Properties in Aqueous Solutions","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Chemistry; Dilution; Aqueous solution; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Deuterium; Dimensionless quantity; Heavy water; Partial molar property; Electrolyte; Kinetic isotope effect; Isotope dilution; Solvent; Nuclear chemistry; Thermodynamics; Chromatography; Physical chemistry","authors":[{"name":"Liliana Trevani","is_ca":true},{"name":"Erik C. Balodis","is_ca":true},{"name":"Peter R. Tremaine","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.006763571738277934,"gpt":0.2124066934979358,"spread":0.2056431217596579,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002766945,0.0002048315,0.0004177851,0.00001310395,0.00009866414,0.00001573365,0.0001198676,0.00008737011,0.00003096367],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000400816,0.0001087721,0.00006964294,0.00004172932,0.000489655,0.00008684354,0.0003968285,0.0004175241,9.349458e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007222915,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006392367,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001707119,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003155501,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987926,0.00002075168,0.0004018691,0.0001701177,0.0002620556,0.0003525558],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993188,0.000184601,0.00007711522,0.0001422777,0.00006024662,0.0002168933],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008852574,0.00008758135,0.0001971628,0.0002104434,0.00004297722,0.000007231882,0.001201447,0.0001059481,0.996688,0.00001210982,0.0001525545,0.0004092661],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008923099,0.00009066366,0.00003578537,0.00009835285,0.00007574819,0.000102627,0.00006610126,0.001984212,0.9936817,0.0007564973,0.002048625,0.0001673477],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9981928,0.0009646227,0.00006637166,0.0003719013,0.00001976849,0.00006127275,0.00001526719,0.000009517074,0.0002984527],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993244,0.0001231454,0.00003250283,0.00004310101,0.0002463933,0.000001391982,0.000004557777,0.00001792909,0.0002066198],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.00300629,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4435597,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2110490462","doi":"10.3749/canmin.47.2.457","title":"MAGMA IN A BEAKER: ANALOG EXPERIMENTS WITH WATER AND VARIOUS SALTS OR SUGAR FOR TEACHING IGNEOUS PETROLOGY","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Mineralogist","topic":"Chemical and Physical Properties in Aqueous Solutions","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Magma; Igneous rock; Petrology; Geology; Igneous petrology; Sugar; Petrogenesis; Beaker; Magma chamber; Geochemistry; Chemistry; Basalt; Paleontology; Volcanism; Food science; Volcano","authors":[{"name":"John B. Brady","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01630230443109979,"gpt":0.2411037929304389,"spread":0.2248014884993391,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009271601,0.000162467,0.0001990147,0.00005025792,0.0002093614,0.00003052418,0.000186976,0.0000867881,0.00003948131],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007503384,0.00008428115,0.00003324812,0.00005671984,0.0001972024,0.0000354044,0.00002277072,0.0002966743,0.000006007548],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002139613,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005218889,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.05807813,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.2189545,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989776,0.00002489488,0.0001616807,0.0002281752,0.00006755604,0.0005400744],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994663,0.00008315849,0.00001666224,0.0002043745,0.00001942223,0.000210075],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001536914,0.0003972923,0.0004684672,0.0001235326,0.0001856859,0.0004918201,0.008401154,0.007334989,0.9261482,0.02665466,0.01524722,0.01301006],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.02369618,0.008737689,0.003641337,0.0007724406,0.000631996,0.002667135,0.001576704,0.315101,0.1952881,0.06488463,0.3752674,0.007735306],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.979693,0.0002672473,0.000506493,0.009246208,0.00006732575,0.0004530628,0.00005515367,0.00007098891,0.009640516],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9956872,0.000002804833,0.0005812136,0.001631471,0.0001229872,0.00004144668,0.00005232022,0.00001744397,0.001863085],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7308601,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9481942,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2095380682","doi":"10.1016/j.bbapap.2014.01.016","title":"Structural features important for differences in protein partitioning in aqueous dextran–polyethylene glycol two-phase systems of different ionic compositions","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Proteins and Proteomics","topic":"Chemical and Physical Properties in Aqueous Solutions","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":28,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Chemistry; Partition coefficient; Polyethylene glycol; Aqueous solution; Ionic strength; Chromatography; Salt (chemistry); Aqueous two-phase system; PEG ratio; Organic chemistry","authors":[{"name":"Luísa A. Ferreira","is_ca":false},{"name":"Xiao Fan","is_ca":true},{"name":"Larissa M. Mikheeva","is_ca":false},{"name":"Pedro P. Madeira","is_ca":false},{"name":"Lukasz Kurgan","is_ca":true},{"name":"Vladimir N. Uversky","is_ca":false},{"name":"Boris Y. Zaslavsky","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01591804211818298,"gpt":0.2554407236952521,"spread":0.2395226815770691,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001732152,0.0004253867,0.0007251314,0.0001232211,0.0001875833,0.0001060008,0.0002972518,0.000203838,0.000006125543],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009872553,0.0003409199,0.0001736304,0.0002511613,0.0003037444,0.0001359359,0.0001268139,0.0005388993,6.846826e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001079128,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005835737,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005918127,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000109831,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9977146,0.0001263986,0.0008416442,0.0005448112,0.0002335781,0.0005389608],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998948,0.0001814028,0.0002899374,0.0003493647,0.00007042046,0.000160817],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004286699,0.000436522,0.00004262154,0.000509706,0.00004318087,0.000001147802,0.0003526659,0.0001791814,0.988216,0.009457531,0.000003860139,0.0003288638],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002502564,0.0005151988,0.0006788229,0.000701261,0.00003521985,0.000006629666,0.00004153804,0.09696472,0.8924961,0.00557627,0.000006395911,0.0004752995],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9940452,0.0002341346,0.001632323,0.0004865333,0.0000699279,0.003162293,0.0002481295,0.0000763425,0.00004510619],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9961291,0.00002938513,0.001814142,0.00002937742,0.0001758394,0.001624418,0.0001243361,0.00004663227,0.00002675692],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.09678553,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999043,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2045566589","doi":"10.1021/jp110337j","title":"Deuterium Isotope Effects on the Ionization Constant of Acetic Acid in H<sub>2</sub>O and D<sub>2</sub>O by AC Conductance from 368 to 548 K at 20 MPa","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Journal of Physical Chemistry B","topic":"Chemical and Physical Properties in Aqueous Solutions","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":28,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Chemistry; Deuterium; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Acetic acid; Acid dissociation constant; Kinetic isotope effect; Ionization; Hydrochloric acid; Dissociation constant; Dilution; Molar conductivity; Inorganic chemistry; Ion; Aqueous solution; Physical chemistry; Chromatography; Thermodynamics; Organic chemistry; Atomic physics; Physics","authors":[{"name":"Kristy M. Erickson","is_ca":true},{"name":"Hugues Arcis","is_ca":true},{"name":"Demetrio Raffa","is_ca":true},{"name":"G. H. Zimmerman","is_ca":false},{"name":"Peter R. Tremaine","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01114655191558843,"gpt":0.196959504983656,"spread":0.1858129530680675,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000143588,0.0002618815,0.00043842,0.00001483742,0.00008454726,0.00001329237,0.0004328741,0.0001038881,0.00002738228],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003192192,0.0001585947,0.0001356784,0.0002250226,0.0002914809,0.00008441191,0.0002065664,0.0006312497,0.00002048199],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001409749,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000275057,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001004367,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001362394,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986578,0.00007192828,0.0004332663,0.000205405,0.0003332765,0.0002983284],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984542,0.0006746679,0.0002379094,0.0003340943,0.0001133954,0.0001857164],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000364772,0.0002229392,0.00001482058,0.00008804045,0.00006091906,0.000004238218,0.0007493579,0.0001568126,0.9968126,0.00006983601,0.0009754542,0.0004801893],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004938089,0.0001115287,0.00004306882,0.0003340146,0.00006829505,0.00001182078,0.00004981965,0.001708643,0.9953805,0.001530329,0.00007104554,0.0001970937],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9980521,0.0003374782,0.0003134336,0.0004815082,0.00005145748,0.000163575,0.00006168903,0.00001729423,0.0005214941],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993601,0.0000760829,0.00003025099,0.0001878752,0.0002800595,0.00001083596,0.000008949613,0.0000286957,0.00001713534],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.00155183,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6467305,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2086757561","doi":"10.1139/v01-001","title":"A spectrophotometric study of Fe(II)-chloride complexes in aqueous solutions from 10 to 100°C","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Chemistry","topic":"Chemical and Physical Properties in Aqueous Solutions","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":27,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Chemistry; Aqueous solution; Chloride; Ionic bonding; Spectrophotometry; Stability constants of complexes; Equilibrium constant; Absorption spectroscopy; Solubility; Inorganic chemistry; Activity coefficient; Gibbs free energy; Coordination complex; Metal; Physical chemistry; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Thermodynamics; Ion; Organic chemistry; Chromatography","authors":[{"name":"Renhai Zhao","is_ca":false},{"name":"Pujing Pan","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02526529721113353,"gpt":0.2307768728049188,"spread":0.2055115755937852,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008909776,0.0001691886,0.0004003256,0.0001898367,0.0000968809,0.00001758959,0.0004621103,0.00009305748,0.001431712],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004849549,0.0001646143,0.0001279956,0.0009131542,0.00007721385,0.00005997001,0.00006311041,0.0004840878,0.00001517688],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005036645,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002922334,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01458898,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004594858,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985552,0.00001263073,0.00058637,0.0001759811,0.0002277699,0.0004420576],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986258,0.000114868,0.0001262042,0.0002635246,0.0001562556,0.000713316],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001192743,0.0004754441,0.001416693,0.00003020996,0.00009972591,0.0002560924,0.001103598,0.003730161,0.9899329,0.00001371335,0.002159022,0.0006631554],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003069784,0.0005770879,0.002019779,0.0004553076,0.0001274743,0.0002686065,0.002015663,0.002789803,0.9657307,0.001949825,0.02009561,0.0009003165],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9951477,0.0005165761,0.0001072594,0.0002556873,0.00008528453,0.00009069857,0.00004825953,0.00001102027,0.00373753],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998795,0.000009271716,0.0001256858,0.00004140307,0.0003155642,0.000005260782,0.000006337539,0.00002032096,0.0006811702],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02420217,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9994811,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2055152713","doi":"10.1007/s10953-008-9279-x","title":"Spectrophotometric Determination of the Ionization Constants of Aqueous Nitrophenols at Temperatures up to 225 °C","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Solution Chemistry","topic":"Chemical and Physical Properties in Aqueous Solutions","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Chemistry; Aqueous solution; Ionization; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Equilibrium constant; Acid dissociation constant; Nitrophenol; Physical chemistry; Chromatography; Organic chemistry; Ion","authors":[{"name":"Jana Ehlerova","is_ca":false},{"name":"Liliana Trevani","is_ca":true},{"name":"Josef Šedlbauer","is_ca":false},{"name":"Peter R. Tremaine","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01484127321956745,"gpt":0.2271199980363754,"spread":0.212278724816808,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008521817,0.0001256736,0.0002743405,0.0000599023,0.0001083441,0.000004528875,0.0002749247,0.0001049596,0.000137385],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000724061,0.00009112466,0.0001967884,0.0006400185,0.0001821147,0.00006767278,0.0001063542,0.0002831336,0.000003136779],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003156914,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008416523,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008889795,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.80273e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986636,0.00001941759,0.0006031786,0.0001109846,0.0004350943,0.0001677154],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987084,0.0001040916,0.0004318716,0.0001984221,0.000457602,0.00009956632],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008698901,0.000083009,0.0002283939,0.0001003331,0.00002210219,0.000002973214,0.0001700299,0.000545256,0.9978403,0.00001950983,0.0006939441,0.0002071116],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000364166,0.00003353777,0.0001743548,0.0001382885,0.00002952616,0.0002235831,0.00002609531,0.001949998,0.9965566,0.0001464765,0.0002579548,0.0000993574],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9946219,0.0004076544,0.003660815,0.0001145179,0.0001851964,0.00008131394,0.00002383003,0.00001244786,0.0008922709],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982796,0.00007045803,0.0007212255,0.00002346137,0.0001756055,0.000002144221,0.000003345543,0.00001302286,0.0007111629],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.00365762,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3715956,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}