{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":934,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":1,"predictions_cover":934,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12","author_layer_release":"2026-06-26"},"query_hash":"bce868e5831d","filters":{"topic":"Climate change impacts on agriculture"}},"results":[{"id":"W2913500366","doi":"10.1038/s41559-018-0793-y","title":"The global burden of pathogens and pests on major food crops","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nature Ecology & Evolution","topic":"Climate change impacts on agriculture","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":3959,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Institute of Food and Agriculture; Institute of Population and Public Health; U.S. Department of Agriculture","keywords":"Food security; Agriculture; Crop; Agroecosystem; Crop yield; Crop protection; Biology; Agroforestry; Sustainability; Agronomy; PEST analysis; Biotechnology; Ecology","authors":[{"name":"Serge Savary","is_ca":false},{"name":"Laetitia Willocquet","is_ca":false},{"name":"Sarah J. Pethybridge","is_ca":false},{"name":"Paul D. Esker","is_ca":false},{"name":"N. McRoberts","is_ca":false},{"name":"Andy Nelson","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.006409403270933795,"gpt":0.2185547269962777,"spread":0.2121453237253439,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001761642,0.0001209313,0.0001489502,0.000006425664,0.0001738744,0.00002170124,0.0001718995,0.0004682773,0.00009855782],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001406042,0.00003596298,0.00005812729,0.0002347797,0.00007490531,0.0000527075,0.000068174,0.000274217,0.00004262053],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001184813,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007786478,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005002597,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004648673,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991319,0.00008408341,0.0001345932,0.0002323694,0.0001522744,0.0002648247],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994105,0.0002426593,0.000119872,0.000063761,0.0001025073,0.0000606867],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003386301,0.0001953541,0.7285417,0.00002874785,0.00009289187,0.000004574259,0.0001849198,0.00002085116,0.2331406,0.01763463,0.00817052,0.01164661],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001747808,0.000887263,0.9919695,0.0000108691,0.00001414,0.00002176791,0.0003535553,0.00002092102,0.000222625,0.001375773,0.004861852,0.00008693537],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9916648,0.001027374,7.748069e-8,0.005527944,0.0004542803,0.0003095762,0.0001616571,0.00003158849,0.0008226644],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993148,0.00006729954,0.000009216616,0.0001743879,0.0002377875,0.00000678828,0.00003915156,6.18041e-7,0.0001499376],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2634278,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3611783,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2227280755","doi":"10.1038/nature16467","title":"Influence of extreme weather disasters on global crop production","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nature","topic":"Climate change impacts on agriculture","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":3730,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Extreme weather; Environmental science; Extreme heat; Agriculture; Crop; Production (economics); Agricultural productivity; Extreme Cold; Crop production; Climate change; Climatology; Geography; Biology; Ecology; Forestry","authors":[{"name":"Corey Lesk","is_ca":true},{"name":"Pedram Rowhani","is_ca":false},{"name":"Navin Ramankutty","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02478943953887366,"gpt":0.2502680151704544,"spread":0.2254785756315808,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006845885,0.0001122661,0.0001038906,0.000004494509,0.00004354614,0.00001273215,0.00017187,0.0004365125,0.0001449171],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001803826,0.00002545036,0.00005179829,0.0002726752,0.00005011122,0.0001307818,0.00003032855,0.000220774,0.00004500355],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005393457,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000002535185,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002008075,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002207909,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992325,0.00002703517,0.0001030541,0.0002282254,0.0002320702,0.0001770753],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996577,0.00004050631,0.00008151565,0.00006322045,0.0000960688,0.00006100713],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006620342,0.00007694585,0.01307715,0.000005664222,0.000007152475,0.000001669125,0.00004661712,0.00001252806,0.9464774,0.0001747881,0.008355513,0.03169842],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001539254,0.0002669197,0.9248979,0.0001927322,0.000008975353,0.00001257213,0.0001273619,2.503776e-7,0.04048826,0.0004147632,0.03324747,0.0001888513],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.98505,0.0001138262,1.216022e-7,0.0136078,0.0001412961,0.0001365866,0.00012369,0.00004681524,0.0007799105],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985537,0.00003687706,0.00001027405,0.0005733117,0.0002616868,0.000003650441,0.000008609784,5.230208e-7,0.000551346],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9118208,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3366784,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1982627164","doi":"10.1038/nature11420","title":"Closing yield gaps through nutrient and water management","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nature","topic":"Climate change impacts on agriculture","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":2797,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Yield gap; Food security; Agriculture; Sustainability; Nutrient management; Yield (engineering); Natural resource economics; Agricultural productivity; Environmental science; Population; Crop yield; Agricultural economics; Sustainable agriculture; Production (economics); Business; Agronomy; Ecology; Economics; Biology","authors":[{"name":"Nathaniel D. Mueller","is_ca":false},{"name":"James Gerber","is_ca":false},{"name":"Matt Johnston","is_ca":false},{"name":"D. K. Ray","is_ca":false},{"name":"Navin Ramankutty","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jonathan A. Foley","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03133668417439492,"gpt":0.2552492259529614,"spread":0.2239125417785665,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001096256,0.0001296446,0.0001027434,0.000005246081,0.0001440315,0.00006340989,0.000106082,0.000511879,0.0004567773],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001138258,0.00003289092,0.00004103523,0.0001226083,0.00002128785,0.0002365226,0.0001177641,0.0005471829,0.00005086297],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002280201,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":2.697781e-7,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001290872,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000305811,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991438,0.0000172339,0.00008724006,0.0001693379,0.0001786136,0.0004037365],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997659,0.00003852295,0.0000249794,0.0000416241,0.00002400722,0.000104905],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007352288,0.000477431,0.01707757,0.0001212279,0.00008139826,0.00002768767,0.003277353,3.400459e-7,0.816578,0.007996086,0.1148867,0.03940268],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001761769,0.00008634077,0.1644527,0.00008655326,0.00003910019,0.00004850818,0.001957166,8.337714e-7,0.08301003,0.001244225,0.7485456,0.0003526876],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9801101,0.003171234,4.411503e-7,0.007185969,0.0003143153,0.0001929706,0.00002245705,0.00006630948,0.008936205],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9954193,0.000383203,0.0001132985,0.002843833,0.0006096183,0.000007562794,0.00006884476,8.695835e-7,0.0005534577],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.733568,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5001392,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2144720528","doi":"10.1038/nclimate2470","title":"Rising temperatures reduce global wheat production","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nature Climate Change","topic":"Climate change impacts on agriculture","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":2401,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Extrapolation; Environmental science; Yield (engineering); Crop yield; Crop; Production (economics); Agriculture; Climate change; Agricultural engineering; Atmospheric sciences; Agronomy; Mathematics; Statistics; Ecology; Materials science; Economics; Physics","authors":[{"name":"Senthold Asseng","is_ca":false},{"name":"Frank Ewert","is_ca":false},{"name":"Pierre Martre","is_ca":false},{"name":"Reimund P. Rötter","is_ca":false},{"name":"David B. Lobell","is_ca":false},{"name":"Davide Cammarano","is_ca":false},{"name":"Bruce A. Kimball","is_ca":false},{"name":"Michael J. Ottman","is_ca":false},{"name":"Gerard W. Wall","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jeffrey W. White","is_ca":false},{"name":"Matthew Reynolds","is_ca":false},{"name":"Phillip D. Alderman","is_ca":false},{"name":"P. V. Vara Prasad","is_ca":false},{"name":"Pramod Aggarwal","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jakarat Anothai","is_ca":false},{"name":"Bruno Basso","is_ca":false},{"name":"Christian Biernath","is_ca":false},{"name":"Andrew J. Challinor","is_ca":false},{"name":"Giacomo De Sanctis","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jordi Doltra","is_ca":false},{"name":"Elías Fereres","is_ca":false},{"name":"Margarita García‐Vila","is_ca":false},{"name":"Sebastian Gayler","is_ca":false},{"name":"Gerrit Hoogenboom","is_ca":false},{"name":"L. A. Hunt","is_ca":true},{"name":"R. C. Izaurralde","is_ca":false},{"name":"Mohamed Jabloun","is_ca":false},{"name":"Curtis D. Jones","is_ca":false},{"name":"Kurt Christian Kersebaum","is_ca":false},{"name":"A-K. Koehler","is_ca":false},{"name":"Christoph Müller","is_ca":false},{"name":"Soora Naresh Kumar","is_ca":false},{"name":"Claas Nendel","is_ca":false},{"name":"Garry J. O’Leary","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jørgen E. Olesen","is_ca":false},{"name":"Taru Palosuo","is_ca":false},{"name":"Eckart Priesack","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ehsan Eyshi Rezaei","is_ca":false},{"name":"A. C. Ruane","is_ca":false},{"name":"Mikhail A. Semenov","is_ca":false},{"name":"Iurii Shcherbak","is_ca":false},{"name":"Claudio Stöckle","is_ca":false},{"name":"Pierre Stratonovitch","is_ca":false},{"name":"Thilo Streck","is_ca":false},{"name":"Iwan Supit","is_ca":false},{"name":"Fulu Tao","is_ca":false},{"name":"Peter J. Thorburn","is_ca":false},{"name":"Katharina Waha","is_ca":false},{"name":"Enli Wang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Daniel Wallach","is_ca":false},{"name":"J. Wolf","is_ca":false},{"name":"Zhigan Zhao","is_ca":false},{"name":"Yan Zhu","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03944660915102821,"gpt":0.285813777485512,"spread":0.2463671683344838,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003656569,0.0003362687,0.000287999,0.00001709238,0.0003803898,0.000155506,0.0003330804,0.0005354889,0.0003275549],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00023075,0.0001216716,0.0001330916,0.0007238107,0.00005837826,0.0003925198,0.000128086,0.0005536051,0.0001092422],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001167713,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000002513828,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009774126,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001044692,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979874,0.0001227698,0.0002295984,0.0006281189,0.0003415369,0.0006905534],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992683,0.00005644323,0.0001456313,0.0001411829,0.0001772974,0.0002111632],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002548331,0.0004463218,0.02393367,0.000153005,0.00003740851,0.00002457245,0.001018136,5.728454e-7,0.8067122,0.003540443,0.03453715,0.1293416],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004253203,0.0005983131,0.8629168,0.0004509028,0.00008735101,0.0003232187,0.001436858,0.00001796973,0.03534572,0.001488322,0.09564866,0.001260583],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9813499,0.001609879,1.301619e-7,0.008962271,0.001604195,0.0005026135,0.0002214055,0.0003936371,0.005356005],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9918019,0.0006739179,0.00008845826,0.002018742,0.004953725,0.00004915969,0.0003334229,0.000003202175,0.00007744791],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8389831,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4961624,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2077766806","doi":"10.1038/ncomms6989","title":"Climate variation explains a third of global crop yield variability","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nature Communications","topic":"Climate change impacts on agriculture","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":1968,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"McKnight Foundation; National Science Foundation; Nature Conservancy; General Mills; PepsiCo; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Kellogg's; World Wildlife Fund; U.S. Department of Energy; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; Grantham Foundation for the Protection of the Environment","keywords":"Climate change; Spatial variability; Precipitation; Crop yield; Yield (engineering); Crop; Agriculture; Environmental science; Climatic variability; Climatology; Agronomy; Geography; Ecology; Mathematics; Statistics; Biology; Meteorology","authors":[{"name":"D. K. Ray","is_ca":false},{"name":"James Gerber","is_ca":false},{"name":"Graham K. MacDonald","is_ca":false},{"name":"Paul West","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.08071182791313894,"gpt":0.3137040262556433,"spread":0.2329921983425044,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007240073,0.0001318186,0.0001901854,0.000006438403,0.0001869068,0.00004715485,0.0009892315,0.000371156,0.00006436389],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001274076,0.00005171948,0.00008651743,0.0007202736,0.00008884475,0.00018444,0.0004242592,0.0004155053,0.00002435063],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001306961,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002144195,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002426188,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005871684,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988247,0.0002209064,0.0002840575,0.0001921102,0.0002544246,0.0002238455],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982369,0.0004998715,0.0002048182,0.0004650304,0.0004411471,0.0001522142],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003174966,0.003958737,0.402406,0.00007325983,0.0001634119,0.000004030652,0.004103372,0.00003931263,0.2792826,0.1964215,0.08399952,0.02923079],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002174265,0.0001656799,0.9693455,0.00004976576,0.00004560423,0.00001369194,0.0008838646,0.0001873449,0.0004663915,0.002947498,0.02542186,0.0002553325],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9533495,0.001083451,0.00001077656,0.02104013,0.0002636751,0.0004391001,0.0009987252,0.0001834235,0.02263117],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.997817,0.0002179597,0.001115528,0.0004129118,0.00009361867,0.00002165496,0.0003046643,7.402254e-7,0.00001594188],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5669396,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3276538,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2051898806","doi":"10.1126/science.1234485","title":"Sustainable Intensification in Agriculture: Premises and Policies","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Science","topic":"Climate change impacts on agriculture","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":1703,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Economic and Social Research Council; Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council","keywords":"Premises; Agriculture; Business; Environmental planning; Geography; Political science; Law; Archaeology","authors":[{"name":"Tara Garnett","is_ca":false},{"name":"M. C. Appleby","is_ca":false},{"name":"Andrew Balmford","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ian J. Bateman","is_ca":false},{"name":"Tim G. Benton","is_ca":false},{"name":"P. Bloomer","is_ca":false},{"name":"Barbara Burlingame","is_ca":false},{"name":"Marian Stamp Dawkins","is_ca":false},{"name":"Liam Dolan","is_ca":false},{"name":"David Fraser","is_ca":true},{"name":"Mario Herrero","is_ca":false},{"name":"I. Hoffmann","is_ca":false},{"name":"Pete Smith","is_ca":false},{"name":"Philip K. Thornton","is_ca":false},{"name":"Camilla Toulmin","is_ca":false},{"name":"S. Vermeulen","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01900225070274338,"gpt":0.2302800943396061,"spread":0.2112778436368627,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002402772,0.00009290574,0.00008795016,0.00002566991,0.0002269757,0.0003035826,0.0002592831,0.00004491274,0.0001272045],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002850469,0.00002799157,0.00001412181,0.001229092,0.0002706358,0.000764757,0.0001297934,0.0000755826,0.00003368625],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006322362,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008626736,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002300893,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006958618,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998979,0.00001630492,0.0001143371,0.0002700128,0.0002030114,0.000417382],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994853,0.00005557397,0.00004646874,0.00004460616,0.000237928,0.0001301928],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000001242346,0.0000264693,0.01664601,0.000005009505,3.98995e-7,0.000001046556,0.0005210798,8.506002e-7,0.9752447,0.0009568133,0.001114368,0.005482039],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004192163,0.00004593182,0.9736222,0.00001312995,0.000001103483,0.00001223627,0.01115386,0.00002205569,0.0105728,0.001279634,0.003120013,0.0001151226],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9923254,0.0002463265,2.099168e-7,0.005630679,0.00002946641,0.0003002648,0.000002703408,0.00004322299,0.001421733],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984318,0.00008004417,0.00004569391,0.0003461995,0.00005330614,0.00002850002,0.000005822325,2.937227e-7,0.00100831],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9646719,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3478278,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2152581109","doi":"10.1038/nclimate1916","title":"Uncertainty in simulating wheat yields under climate change","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nature Climate Change","topic":"Climate change impacts on agriculture","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":1340,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph; University of Alberta","funders":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche","keywords":"Climate change; Environmental science; Climatology; Atmospheric sciences; Geology; Oceanography","authors":[{"name":"Senthold Asseng","is_ca":false},{"name":"Frank Ewert","is_ca":false},{"name":"Cynthia Rosenzweig","is_ca":false},{"name":"James W. Jones","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jerry L. Hatfield","is_ca":false},{"name":"Alex C. Ruane","is_ca":false},{"name":"Kenneth J. Boote","is_ca":false},{"name":"Peter J. Thorburn","is_ca":false},{"name":"Reimund P. Rötter","is_ca":false},{"name":"Davide Cammarano","is_ca":false},{"name":"Nadine Brisson","is_ca":false},{"name":"Bruno Basso","is_ca":false},{"name":"Pierre Martre","is_ca":false},{"name":"Pramod Aggarwal","is_ca":false},{"name":"Carlos Angulo","is_ca":false},{"name":"Patrick Bertuzzi","is_ca":false},{"name":"Christian Biernath","is_ca":false},{"name":"Andrew J. Challinor","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jordi Doltra","is_ca":false},{"name":"Sebastian Gayler","is_ca":false},{"name":"R. A. Goldberg","is_ca":false},{"name":"R. F. Grant","is_ca":true},{"name":"Lee Heng","is_ca":false},{"name":"Josh Hooker","is_ca":false},{"name":"L. A. Hunt","is_ca":true},{"name":"Joachim Ingwersen","is_ca":false},{"name":"R. C. Izaurralde","is_ca":false},{"name":"Kurt Christian Kersebaum","is_ca":false},{"name":"Christoph Müller","is_ca":false},{"name":"Soora Naresh Kumar","is_ca":false},{"name":"Claas Nendel","is_ca":false},{"name":"Garry J. O’Leary","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jørgen E. Olesen","is_ca":false},{"name":"Thomas M. Osborne","is_ca":false},{"name":"Taru Palosuo","is_ca":false},{"name":"Eckart Priesack","is_ca":false},{"name":"Dominique Ripoche","is_ca":false},{"name":"Mikhail A. Semenov","is_ca":false},{"name":"Iurii Shcherbak","is_ca":false},{"name":"Pasquale Steduto","is_ca":false},{"name":"Claudio Stöckle","is_ca":false},{"name":"Pierre Stratonovitch","is_ca":false},{"name":"Thilo Streck","is_ca":false},{"name":"Iwan Supit","is_ca":false},{"name":"Fulu Tao","is_ca":false},{"name":"Maria Travasso","is_ca":false},{"name":"Katharina Waha","is_ca":false},{"name":"Daniel Wallach","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jeffrey W. White","is_ca":false},{"name":"J. R. Williams","is_ca":false},{"name":"Joost Wolf","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.07072092961833412,"gpt":0.2899484687074536,"spread":0.2192275390891195,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004092846,0.0005582144,0.0005484243,0.00007783352,0.0003003402,0.0002117141,0.0005310719,0.001119964,0.003245507],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000093221,0.000223779,0.0002013606,0.001080416,0.00007210035,0.0009519033,0.00037735,0.001127164,0.0004699286],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001904285,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000003134528,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002013868,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0102695,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9965445,0.0001382135,0.0005014783,0.000775545,0.0004383835,0.001601824],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987103,0.0003256416,0.0002415043,0.0001904757,0.0001954601,0.0003365771],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004667473,0.002204138,0.3344841,0.0009029957,0.0001068423,0.0002724928,0.0153608,0.00006125138,0.2541122,0.007116794,0.006632153,0.3782795],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006380145,0.0003417118,0.9874988,0.0005548974,0.00002984981,0.00002898876,0.004782806,0.0006678607,0.0004903785,0.0009358283,0.002995353,0.001035535],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9813405,0.001823713,6.613631e-8,0.01017284,0.0005817083,0.001692164,0.0003476817,0.0003230773,0.003718204],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9881247,0.002483808,0.00003746506,0.006503848,0.001838206,0.0005183038,0.0004497939,0.000009684262,0.00003417376],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6530147,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9976656,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2124354221","doi":"10.1111/gcb.12581","title":"Climate variability and vulnerability to climate change: a review","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Global Change Biology","topic":"Climate change impacts on agriculture","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":1195,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"International Fund for Agricultural Development; Consortium of International Agricultural Research Centers; Direktion für Entwicklung und Zusammenarbeit; Instituto de Investigação Científica Tropical; Danish International Development Agency; Irish Aid; European Commission; Environment Canada; Australian Agency for International Development","keywords":"Climate change; Vulnerability (computing); Food security; Environmental resource management; Extreme weather; Ecological forecasting; Agriculture; Human systems engineering; Environmental science; Political economy of climate change; Natural resource economics; Geography; Ecology; Biology; Economics; Computer science","authors":[{"name":"Philip K. Thornton","is_ca":false},{"name":"Polly Ericksen","is_ca":false},{"name":"Mario Herrero","is_ca":false},{"name":"Andrew J. Challinor","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1538112213088881,"gpt":0.385188296056689,"spread":0.2313770747478009,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002486751,0.001087289,0.003597523,0.00002705998,0.0002964475,0.00009225395,0.0008422275,0.001122256,0.0003837206],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007309457,0.0003811167,0.0006015531,0.001215239,0.000175847,0.0001431937,0.001294567,0.0004743784,0.00044951],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003206093,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001211373,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003244919,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006097457,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9937595,0.001617133,0.001064384,0.001739382,0.0002333943,0.001586237],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9974602,0.0005711563,0.0006346306,0.0004137111,0.0001843428,0.0007359684],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001047536,0.00007192894,0.001001583,0.01926125,0.00002438382,0.000004124348,0.00001629905,1.845466e-10,0.000001906013,0.0003609326,0.001418645,0.9778285],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000719879,0.0004707684,0.00452466,0.01579221,0.0004242975,0.0001249422,0.00000906433,4.753167e-7,4.865027e-8,0.00009792545,0.977667,0.0008166634],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0003719911,0.9799657,3.241883e-7,0.002965464,0.0006577837,0.004963543,0.01020897,0.0003518598,0.0005144024],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0002325793,0.9870203,0.00004793745,0.005852396,0.002466711,0.001888567,0.002481741,0.000005949211,0.000003850793],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9770118,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998641,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2155202598","doi":"10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2004.01.001","title":"Mapping vulnerability to multiple stressors: climate change and globalization in India","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Global Environmental Change","topic":"Climate change impacts on agriculture","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":1194,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"International Institute for Sustainable Development","funders":"","keywords":"Vulnerability (computing); Climate change; Context (archaeology); Stressor; Agriculture; Environmental resource management; Psychological intervention; Global change; Vulnerability assessment; Global warming; Environmental planning; Geography; Political science; Psychology; Computer science; Environmental science; Ecology; Biology; Computer security","authors":[{"name":"Karen O’Brien","is_ca":false},{"name":"Robin Leichenko","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ulka Kelkar","is_ca":false},{"name":"Henry David Venema","is_ca":true},{"name":"Guro Aandahl","is_ca":false},{"name":"Heather Tompkins","is_ca":false},{"name":"Akram Javed","is_ca":false},{"name":"Suruchi Bhadwal","is_ca":false},{"name":"Stephan Barg","is_ca":true},{"name":"Lynn P. Nygaard","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jennifer Joy West","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04746489006399299,"gpt":0.242099396032384,"spread":0.194634505968391,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001354951,0.0002361552,0.0001987222,0.00001609336,0.0001206321,0.00004645291,0.0001609433,0.0001444925,0.0001512933],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002388617,0.0001130609,0.00004362271,0.0004324852,0.000054081,0.0003312432,0.0002728499,0.00008688652,0.00007334362],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004603046,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":9.646104e-7,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001772019,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003974253,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985451,0.00004964918,0.0002120944,0.0004597458,0.0002139399,0.0005194678],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99959,0.00001820297,0.00007198155,0.00006943764,0.000004788495,0.0002455947],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005562052,0.0003789383,0.9315039,0.00002323316,0.000005407191,0.00002372043,0.002327302,0.000003443334,0.01400767,0.0001245614,0.00001722405,0.05152902],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003835884,0.0001632884,0.9962076,0.00007019794,0.000003710893,0.00001320822,0.001712823,0.000008070594,0.0002646748,0.0001840064,0.0007377542,0.0002510603],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9958687,0.0003798117,9.278241e-7,0.0009224897,0.00008740868,0.0009388945,0.00144944,0.0000616081,0.0002907582],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9974338,0.0004820494,0.0000791738,0.001332315,0.0002179906,0.0001505698,0.0003009563,0.000001572442,0.000001610109],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.06470375,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4610488,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2122050911","doi":"10.1098/rstb.2005.1745","title":"Climate change and food security","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences","topic":"Climate change impacts on agriculture","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":1066,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"Natural Environment Research Council","keywords":"Food security; Food systems; Climate change; Natural resource economics; Food processing; Urbanization; Business; Geography; Ecology; Economics; Agriculture; Biology","authors":[{"name":"Peter Gregory","is_ca":false},{"name":"John Ingram","is_ca":false},{"name":"Michael Brklacich","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.2115647670008421,"gpt":0.3214491537442191,"spread":0.109884386743377,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006854166,0.0005326607,0.001187872,0.00001229725,0.001020107,0.00009923753,0.001176703,0.0008609621,0.0003898492],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005715948,0.0001371305,0.001578417,0.001081864,0.00157514,0.0001281182,0.0002168775,0.0007975819,0.00001131099],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006298485,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001440593,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004264024,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004872308,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9971332,0.0003285401,0.0006146645,0.0007779482,0.0004738363,0.0006718171],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984211,0.0007313876,0.0004178654,0.0001328642,0.00005745767,0.0002393588],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004236104,0.0002494612,0.00005640164,0.0005574998,0.00006560874,2.642116e-7,0.00009195663,8.721115e-7,0.000008062153,0.0008548316,0.00004269622,0.9980681],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004254308,0.005525955,0.002720117,0.008070327,0.001493213,0.0001180597,0.0006252425,0.0003354524,0.00001530109,0.01955616,0.9583876,0.002727152],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.003476505,0.9873769,0.000001595355,0.005851584,0.0002187469,0.001124548,0.00147081,0.0001121117,0.0003671508],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.05717365,0.9414745,0.00006819516,0.0003045492,0.0008237448,0.0001176866,0.00002719116,0.000002407303,0.000008057407],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9953409,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7845941,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1759826110","doi":"10.1111/j.1466-8238.2010.00551.x","title":"Crop planting dates: an analysis of global patterns","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Global Ecology and Biogeography","topic":"Climate change impacts on agriculture","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":994,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Wisconsin-Madison; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Sowing; Temperate climate; Agronomy; Crop; Evapotranspiration; Precipitation; Latitude; Phenology; Environmental science; Geography; Agroforestry; Biology; Ecology; Meteorology","authors":[{"name":"William J. Sacks","is_ca":false},{"name":"Delphine Deryng","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jonathan A. Foley","is_ca":false},{"name":"Navin Ramankutty","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01189140887453299,"gpt":0.2456454850315479,"spread":0.2337540761570149,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001656683,0.0001604229,0.0003022134,0.0000228275,0.0001558614,0.00004867567,0.0002421911,0.0002667538,0.0004202405],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002778414,0.0000598829,0.0001719962,0.001495724,0.000163648,0.0001148182,0.00009537752,0.0001042804,0.000003419414],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000080333,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000003512523,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002063199,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.1254665,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989552,0.0000515853,0.000211323,0.0003356458,0.0001094073,0.0003367809],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994819,0.0000544534,0.0001417202,0.00007315956,0.00007594591,0.0001728628],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002144901,0.0001264458,0.9781522,0.000003602991,0.0001841397,0.000005366622,0.00001245212,7.582532e-7,0.0163488,0.0004312704,0.00005669967,0.004656848],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009745744,0.0002363653,0.9980308,0.000003169465,0.000270814,0.00001887123,0.0003126268,0.00003501376,0.0001224958,0.0001874582,0.0005393023,0.0001456628],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9943941,0.00005592321,4.402763e-7,0.0004700452,0.0001744967,0.00009935884,0.004439841,0.00005413896,0.0003116822],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986991,0.00006165407,0.00005615981,0.00036108,0.00008480761,0.00000342646,0.0007323745,2.828183e-7,0.000001104489],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1234033,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8904914,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2110512393","doi":"10.1016/j.tree.2009.10.008","title":"Ecosystem stewardship: sustainability strategies for a rapidly changing planet","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Trends in Ecology & Evolution","topic":"Climate change impacts on agriculture","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":964,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University; University of Manitoba","funders":"","keywords":"Sustainability; Stewardship (theology); Environmental resource management; Ecosystem services; Ecosystem; Psychological resilience; Environmental stewardship; Adaptive capacity; Ecological systems theory; Business; Action (physics); Environmental change; Resilience (materials science); Adaptive management; Climate change; Ecology; Environmental planning; Environmental science; Political science; Biology","authors":[{"name":"F. Stuart Chapin","is_ca":false},{"name":"Stephen R. Carpenter","is_ca":false},{"name":"Gary P. Kofinas","is_ca":false},{"name":"Carl Folke","is_ca":false},{"name":"Nick Abel","is_ca":false},{"name":"William C. Clark","is_ca":false},{"name":"Per Olsson","is_ca":false},{"name":"Mark Stafford‐Smith","is_ca":false},{"name":"Brian Walker","is_ca":false},{"name":"Oran R. Young","is_ca":false},{"name":"Fikret Berkes","is_ca":true},{"name":"Reinette Biggs","is_ca":false},{"name":"J. Morgan Grove","is_ca":false},{"name":"Rosamond L. Naylor","is_ca":false},{"name":"Evelyn Pinkerton","is_ca":true},{"name":"Will Steffen","is_ca":false},{"name":"Frederick J. Swanson","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02222607794254676,"gpt":0.2718378721944227,"spread":0.249611794251876,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004856121,0.0001866903,0.00027677,0.00009471448,0.000184363,0.0000510344,0.0001866077,0.0002620379,0.0002021628],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006650538,0.00007924165,0.00007434811,0.0006338625,0.00003068891,0.0002424082,0.00002747222,0.0001391954,0.000007834907],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005451277,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002085907,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009535368,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02239774,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984559,0.0001226115,0.0002791097,0.0003565934,0.0001053668,0.0006803761],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994628,0.0001838218,0.0001252058,0.00006563064,0.00008345354,0.00007906769],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001912537,0.003351254,0.2161987,0.0003029321,0.0001202124,0.00008321109,0.006637059,0.002365736,0.08672307,0.03210133,0.03571137,0.6144926],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004188241,0.001052669,0.9811023,0.00001230751,0.00001411388,0.00001944699,0.007611224,0.0007321495,0.00004035618,0.005835491,0.002940298,0.0002208605],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9943933,0.0001108452,0.000008904578,0.004011461,0.0001879413,0.0004001234,0.0002203285,0.0001362438,0.0005307816],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986375,0.000007453061,0.00003325912,0.0001276641,0.0002759864,0.00006940329,0.0006678784,9.321767e-7,0.0001799541],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7649035,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.995441,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1672862333","doi":"10.5751/es-03378-150311","title":"Resilience and Vulnerability: Complementary or Conflicting Concepts?","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecology and Society","topic":"Climate change impacts on agriculture","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":956,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Vulnerability (computing); Resilience (materials science); Miller; Environmental ethics; Ecology; Sociology; Geography; Humanities; Philosophy; Biology; Computer science; Physics; Computer security","authors":[{"name":"Fiona Miller","is_ca":false},{"name":"Henny Osbahr","is_ca":false},{"name":"Emily Boyd","is_ca":false},{"name":"Frank Thomalla","is_ca":false},{"name":"Sukaina Bharwani","is_ca":false},{"name":"Gina Ziervogel","is_ca":false},{"name":"Brian Walker","is_ca":false},{"name":"Joern Birkmann","is_ca":false},{"name":"Sander van der Leeuw","is_ca":false},{"name":"Johan Rockström","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jochen Hinkel","is_ca":false},{"name":"Tom Downing","is_ca":false},{"name":"Carl Folke","is_ca":false},{"name":"Donald R. Nelson","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03780663712134484,"gpt":0.3155251729180545,"spread":0.2777185357967097,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000308541,0.00009529162,0.0001371057,0.000001567254,0.0004695916,0.00003923023,0.00008131957,0.0001497572,0.001022661],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008792648,0.00003143088,0.00003429291,0.00007813801,0.0003219819,0.00008920026,0.0001012427,0.0002635364,0.000003735959],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000007963242,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004464678,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001014222,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005754109,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993183,0.00004341814,0.0001145085,0.0002397462,0.00005632978,0.0002276836],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992685,0.0005127752,0.00004940922,0.00003169154,0.00003191828,0.0001056931],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000030932,0.00008732706,0.5237471,0.00001985717,0.00002812298,0.000005604739,0.003850477,1.659894e-7,0.437079,0.0006017179,0.01319947,0.02135026],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000195488,0.000181012,0.9708055,0.000002929788,0.000008436601,0.00004012919,0.006621121,0.00005686559,0.000472257,0.0001400532,0.02136105,0.0001151776],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9944916,0.00004225898,1.789583e-7,0.004746119,0.0001369528,0.000149971,0.00004358991,0.00005489016,0.000334462],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9968137,0.0001315972,0.0002093211,0.002454859,0.000173023,0.000008829746,0.0000284599,4.223417e-7,0.0001798263],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4470584,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998906,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4230460680","doi":"10.5751/es-09088-210444","title":"Resilience (Republished)","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecology and Society","topic":"Climate change impacts on agriculture","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":917,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Resilience (materials science); Sustainability; Adaptability; Socio-ecological system; Ecological resilience; Context (archaeology); Systems thinking; Biosphere; Psychological resilience; Ecological systems theory; Sociology; Environmental ethics; Ecology; Face (sociological concept); Environmental resource management; Geography; Psychology; Social science; Computer science; Social psychology; Biology; Economics","authors":[{"name":"Carl Folke","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01781731980763059,"gpt":0.2269978239405086,"spread":0.209180504132878,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001551362,0.00006953369,0.00008583457,0.000001416968,0.0001794928,0.00002412655,0.00009975068,0.0001439388,0.0008464147],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007426169,0.00001614033,0.00005350793,0.00009389,0.0001224671,0.0001518717,0.00006445807,0.00005579161,0.00003566273],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000178276,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000002894357,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001174248,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002905361,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994358,0.00002818517,0.00007416135,0.0001893216,0.00005580998,0.0002166846],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995728,0.0002519078,0.00003347666,0.00002740749,0.00003200913,0.00008245202],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001206905,0.00008051396,0.2651252,0.000004536148,0.00002607374,0.000004484718,0.0005667772,5.951917e-8,0.5090085,0.001538937,0.1610167,0.06261615],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000103068,0.00009059984,0.9690709,0.000004744606,0.000003968544,0.00001060625,0.0005229614,0.000001408983,0.0005818905,0.000468586,0.02905947,0.0000817667],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9843062,0.00007245374,7.063306e-7,0.01365949,0.0000980251,0.0000636445,0.0000215378,0.0000561495,0.001721802],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9962428,0.0004413669,0.00005066488,0.001539686,0.0001588159,0.00000731486,0.000005634699,2.661687e-7,0.001553419],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7039458,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9267647,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2079356622","doi":"10.1007/s11027-007-9099-0","title":"The value of indigenous knowledge in climate change mitigation and adaptation strategies in the African Sahel","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change","topic":"Climate change impacts on agriculture","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":808,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"International Development Research Centre","funders":"","keywords":"Vulnerability (computing); Climate change; Adaptation (eye); Environmental resource management; Indigenous; Climate change mitigation; Traditional knowledge; Greenhouse gas; Environmental planning; Global warming; Environmental science; Natural resource economics; Geography; Computer science; Ecology; Economics","authors":[{"name":"Anthony Nyong","is_ca":true},{"name":"Balgis Osman Elasha","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0837544965758374,"gpt":0.3021314487630191,"spread":0.2183769521871817,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001040123,0.0001988973,0.0001860449,0.00003903039,0.0003001722,0.0002384495,0.0001529574,0.0001399433,0.00000411332],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003970044,0.00008198606,0.00004755109,0.0007035014,0.0001573266,0.0007368018,0.00002877184,0.0001046208,9.519293e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000677971,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002242298,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001650754,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.09746569,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985206,0.000131897,0.0004799427,0.0002570217,0.0002135719,0.0003969936],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990723,0.0003636711,0.000292556,0.00005538286,0.0001480845,0.00006801348],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004724698,0.0003536153,0.02045056,0.0002900223,0.00002748673,0.00000774464,0.1748195,0.00002640466,0.006413453,0.304586,0.00004182047,0.4925109],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003503085,0.0002874918,0.6682174,0.00007882457,0.00001326243,0.000007714169,0.318535,0.001064124,0.00005568603,0.01075465,0.0004824561,0.0001531877],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9942081,0.001831459,0.0000600299,0.0009914129,0.00009175235,0.001366727,0.0002004492,0.00002980282,0.001220263],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9980516,0.0009734499,0.0001596053,0.0001733042,0.0001743237,0.0002194933,0.0002422432,0.000002017659,0.000003952752],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6477668,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9190032,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2146833082","doi":"10.1111/j.1466-8238.2010.00563.x","title":"Mind the gap: how do climate and agricultural management explain the ‘yield gap’ of croplands around the world?","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Global Ecology and Biogeography","topic":"Climate change impacts on agriculture","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":607,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"University of Wisconsin-Madison; National Aeronautics and Space Administration","keywords":"Yield gap; Yield (engineering); Agriculture; Crop yield; Climate change; Environmental science; Crop; Spatial ecology; Agroforestry; Ecology; Biology","authors":[{"name":"Rachel Licker","is_ca":false},{"name":"Matt Johnston","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jonathan A. Foley","is_ca":false},{"name":"Carol Barford","is_ca":false},{"name":"Christopher J. Kucharik","is_ca":false},{"name":"Chad Monfreda","is_ca":false},{"name":"Navin Ramankutty","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01659121736270985,"gpt":0.2233743356437821,"spread":0.2067831182810722,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004264425,0.0002263345,0.0001995562,0.00001544578,0.0007844631,0.0002297754,0.0004271708,0.0001610779,0.0001429336],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002641562,0.00004696371,0.0001327854,0.0007640719,0.0007584081,0.00008989233,0.0002757224,0.0002620519,0.000004451413],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000005942437,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000001573536,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008908985,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01967699,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987971,0.0001050059,0.0001804318,0.0003064916,0.0001646479,0.0004463244],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991654,0.0004035003,0.0001651562,0.0001192552,0.0000561978,0.00009054239],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000117366,0.0001583188,0.9222763,0.00002652794,0.0002138777,0.0000144709,0.0002687454,3.324874e-7,0.01620546,0.006209488,0.01733186,0.03717732],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001534547,0.0001558833,0.9647161,0.00001251427,0.00008184369,0.00009641155,0.004585299,0.0000014589,0.0001561887,0.0005448877,0.0293544,0.0001415966],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9653323,0.0007023591,5.971211e-8,0.03027047,0.0003074122,0.0004596805,0.0003464612,0.00001854074,0.002562767],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9977435,0.001001684,0.00001859669,0.0008524234,0.0002131318,0.00003303977,0.00004739486,6.518321e-7,0.00008955851],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.04243982,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9982113,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2129961711","doi":"10.5167/uzh-33180","title":"Assessment of observed changes and responses in natural and managed systems","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Zurich Open Repository and Archive (University of Zurich)","topic":"Climate change impacts on agriculture","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":605,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"China; Humanities; Environmental ethics; Geography; Art; Philosophy; Archaeology","authors":[{"name":"Cynthia Rosenzweig","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0620219219046212,"gpt":0.243459554264389,"spread":0.1814376323597678,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006160532,0.0002511696,0.0005771719,0.00008796081,0.0002388243,0.0000754237,0.000341111,0.0001934785,0.00002481257],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001551645,0.0001354842,0.00005156466,0.00008662898,0.0002804081,0.0001838196,0.0007256476,0.0002932556,3.476262e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000326329,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001229501,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001435794,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004901668,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987181,0.0002248444,0.0002019679,0.0004420956,0.0002138115,0.000199218],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985021,0.0007956492,0.0004048416,0.00009017465,0.00007256789,0.0001347052],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.003846964,0.0007539362,0.1280099,0.003988278,0.001290205,0.003229899,0.009365693,0.000006945167,0.7274407,0.04809865,0.007580609,0.06638819],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006101451,0.0006508532,0.9758123,0.0009303901,0.0001220183,0.0001126004,0.004279093,0.00006617272,0.00007919314,0.0004161275,0.01645577,0.0004652972],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9404601,0.002848544,0.00000221323,0.0003312041,0.0001025971,0.0008287408,0.000287927,0.00001885845,0.05511983],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9208398,0.003993441,0.0006578628,0.00004324086,0.00009128514,0.000001031315,0.000151555,0.000004739381,0.07421704],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8478024,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5524883,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2520448605","doi":"10.1038/nclimate3115","title":"Similar estimates of temperature impacts on global wheat yield by three independent methods","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nature Climate Change","topic":"Climate change impacts on agriculture","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":571,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Impact; University of Guelph; Plant Biotechnology Institute","funders":"Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Yield (engineering); Environmental science; Global temperature; Climatology; Atmospheric sciences; Climate change; Global warming; Geology; Oceanography; Physics; Thermodynamics","authors":[{"name":"Bing Liu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Senthold Asseng","is_ca":false},{"name":"Christoph Müller","is_ca":false},{"name":"Frank Ewert","is_ca":false},{"name":"Joshua Elliott","is_ca":false},{"name":"David B. Lobell","is_ca":false},{"name":"Pierre Martre","is_ca":false},{"name":"Alex C. Ruane","is_ca":false},{"name":"Daniel Wallach","is_ca":false},{"name":"James W. Jones","is_ca":false},{"name":"Cynthia Rosenzweig","is_ca":false},{"name":"Pramod Aggarwal","is_ca":false},{"name":"Phillip D. Alderman","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jakarat Anothai","is_ca":false},{"name":"Bruno Basso","is_ca":false},{"name":"Christian Biernath","is_ca":false},{"name":"Davide Cammarano","is_ca":false},{"name":"Andrew J. Challinor","is_ca":false},{"name":"Delphine Deryng","is_ca":false},{"name":"Giacomo De Sanctis","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jordi Doltra","is_ca":false},{"name":"Elías Fereres","is_ca":false},{"name":"Christian Folberth","is_ca":false},{"name":"Margarita García‐Vila","is_ca":false},{"name":"Sebastian Gayler","is_ca":false},{"name":"Gerrit Hoogenboom","is_ca":false},{"name":"L. A. Hunt","is_ca":true},{"name":"R. C. Izaurralde","is_ca":false},{"name":"Mohamed Jabloun","is_ca":false},{"name":"Curtis D. Jones","is_ca":false},{"name":"Kurt Christian Kersebaum","is_ca":false},{"name":"Bruce A. Kimball","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ann‐Kristin Koehler","is_ca":false},{"name":"Soora Naresh Kumar","is_ca":false},{"name":"Claas Nendel","is_ca":false},{"name":"Garry J. O’Leary","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jørgen E. Olesen","is_ca":false},{"name":"Michael J. Ottman","is_ca":false},{"name":"Taru Palosuo","is_ca":false},{"name":"P. V. Vara Prasad","is_ca":false},{"name":"Eckart Priesack","is_ca":false},{"name":"Thomas A. M. Pugh","is_ca":false},{"name":"Matthew Reynolds","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ehsan Eyshi Rezaei","is_ca":false},{"name":"Reimund P. Rötter","is_ca":true},{"name":"Erwin Schmid","is_ca":false},{"name":"Mikhail A. Semenov","is_ca":false},{"name":"Iurii Shcherbak","is_ca":false},{"name":"Elke Stehfest","is_ca":false},{"name":"Claudio O. Stöckle","is_ca":false},{"name":"Pierre Stratonovitch","is_ca":false},{"name":"Thilo Streck","is_ca":false},{"name":"Iwan Supit","is_ca":false},{"name":"Fulu Tao","is_ca":false},{"name":"Peter Thorburn","is_ca":false},{"name":"Katharina Waha","is_ca":false},{"name":"Gerard W. Wall","is_ca":false},{"name":"Enli Wang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jeffrey W. White","is_ca":false},{"name":"Joost Wolf","is_ca":false},{"name":"Zhigan Zhao","is_ca":false},{"name":"Yan Zhu","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05504533827267648,"gpt":0.328073781273601,"spread":0.2730284430009245,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004987973,0.0005479475,0.0005903523,0.00002888447,0.0001781467,0.00007433648,0.0006227879,0.001226056,0.001348563],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004735489,0.0001598489,0.0002526441,0.0006355423,0.000106426,0.000350184,0.0002301771,0.0005431093,0.00005707686],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001755297,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006879851,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001294977,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001526403,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9973602,0.0001081789,0.0004016542,0.0006764224,0.0005381411,0.0009154174],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982587,0.0006276721,0.0003035177,0.0002219831,0.000216837,0.0003713122],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002152102,0.0002624096,0.01644599,0.00005785134,0.00004072605,0.0000162422,0.0001170282,3.706431e-8,0.9256546,0.0004218935,0.01229373,0.04447422],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009409016,0.002040223,0.550782,0.001523981,0.000126017,0.00007953126,0.0005042239,0.000003740632,0.4317456,0.002428825,0.008588237,0.001236753],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9762371,0.004579349,0.000002265435,0.01047233,0.0006673914,0.0007782823,0.005126118,0.0002443558,0.001892775],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9940016,0.002145512,0.0004202485,0.002407819,0.0006880772,0.00006211082,0.0002349155,0.00000716499,0.00003259636],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.534336,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995643,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2017812851","doi":"10.1016/j.agrformet.2010.12.002","title":"Climate variability and crop production in Tanzania","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Agricultural and Forest Meteorology","topic":"Climate change impacts on agriculture","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":534,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Purdue University; World Bank Group","keywords":"Sorghum; Tanzania; Environmental science; Precipitation; Crop; Agriculture; Climate change; Agricultural productivity; Agronomy; Crop yield; Geography; Ecology; Biology; Meteorology","authors":[{"name":"Pedram Rowhani","is_ca":true},{"name":"David B. Lobell","is_ca":false},{"name":"Marc Linderman","is_ca":false},{"name":"Navin Ramankutty","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03074558687531532,"gpt":0.2183387779410968,"spread":0.1875931910657815,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003924984,0.0002217836,0.0002872497,0.00001616539,0.0001558414,0.00003438431,0.0001171237,0.0002040019,0.0001645085],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001264735,0.0000665381,0.00004085852,0.0003194475,0.0001529937,0.000264981,0.0001389782,0.0001838524,0.00001262335],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002047704,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000001522855,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004770105,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006778426,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985451,0.0001442249,0.0002641088,0.000492968,0.00009307107,0.0004606043],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995362,0.0001015362,0.00009812631,0.00005317225,0.00006575169,0.0001452728],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000225872,0.0003049067,0.7433298,0.00004459759,0.00002457937,0.00001990813,0.001530805,0.000001785762,0.2096437,0.003043847,0.0004496226,0.04138058],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001550948,0.0003181987,0.9960297,0.00001249736,0.00001826634,0.0001802956,0.0004596075,0.00000503986,0.0007358034,0.001518797,0.0003616377,0.0002050153],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9964101,0.0001881894,1.071296e-7,0.001597034,0.0001601571,0.0003397453,0.00002627684,0.00006998554,0.001208456],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989373,0.0004591532,0.0001112192,0.0001640981,0.0001661815,0.00003499522,0.00006025359,9.652391e-7,0.00006580846],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2526999,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3782521,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3009255960","doi":"10.1016/j.oneear.2020.02.007","title":"Long-Term Evidence Shows that Crop-Rotation Diversification Increases Agricultural Resilience to Adverse Growing Conditions in North America","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"One Earth","topic":"Climate change impacts on agriculture","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":504,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada; University of Guelph","funders":"U.S. Department of Agriculture","keywords":"Agroecosystem; Crop diversity; Sustainability; Agricultural diversification; Agriculture; Environmental science; Crop rotation; Crop yield; Climate change; Diversification (marketing strategy); Resilience (materials science); Psychological resilience; Population; Geography; Agroforestry; Natural resource economics; Environmental resource management; Agronomy; Ecology; Economics; Biology; Business","authors":[{"name":"Timothy M. Bowles","is_ca":false},{"name":"Maria Mooshammer","is_ca":false},{"name":"Yvonne Socolar","is_ca":false},{"name":"Francisco J. Calderón","is_ca":false},{"name":"Michel A. Cavigelli","is_ca":false},{"name":"Steve W. Culman","is_ca":false},{"name":"William M. Deen","is_ca":true},{"name":"C. F. Drury","is_ca":true},{"name":"Axel García y García","is_ca":false},{"name":"Amélie C. M. Gaudin","is_ca":false},{"name":"W. Scott Harkcom","is_ca":false},{"name":"R. Michael Lehman","is_ca":false},{"name":"Shannon L. Osborne","is_ca":false},{"name":"G. Philip Robertson","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jonathan Salerno","is_ca":false},{"name":"Marty R. Schmer","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jeffrey S. Strock","is_ca":false},{"name":"A. Stuart Grandy","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.07759662890317144,"gpt":0.2668392301086231,"spread":0.1892426012054517,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006998188,0.0001801767,0.0001940806,0.00002025795,0.0002207539,0.00009465533,0.0002927373,0.00006144359,0.0006231997],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004232188,0.00007884663,0.00007281042,0.001125099,0.00005430502,0.001018482,0.000107796,0.0001502349,0.0003083713],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005339989,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008574489,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006646876,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0112096,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985754,0.00009894794,0.0002090077,0.0004468685,0.0003420046,0.0003277957],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999177,0.0002081385,0.0001266003,0.00006772252,0.0001070158,0.0003135485],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000800347,0.0001510934,0.4986798,0.00001900347,0.000009422194,0.00002380327,0.0012128,0.0003783457,0.4890614,0.00001585349,0.001084551,0.009283824],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001092964,0.0002263894,0.9952084,0.0001094778,0.00001434709,0.000003609662,0.001396518,0.00002521115,0.002379869,0.000002196029,0.0003011678,0.0002234459],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9857007,0.00007242836,0.000005490953,0.01328984,0.00004030996,0.0005288286,0.0001753422,0.0001022015,0.00008486333],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9969929,0.0001060205,0.00009229249,0.001958071,0.0001795452,0.00003763673,0.0005282107,0.000001254568,0.0001040926],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4965286,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6823601,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2144775217","doi":"10.1007/s10584-004-0710-z","title":"Farm-Level Adaptation to Climatic Variability and Change: Crop Diversification in the Canadian Prairies","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Climatic Change","topic":"Climate change impacts on agriculture","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":454,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"Simon Fraser University; Government of Canada","keywords":"Diversification (marketing strategy); Climate change; Agricultural diversification; Cropping; Adaptation (eye); Agriculture; Environmental resource management; Variety (cybernetics); Natural resource economics; Geography; Environmental science; Business; Ecology; Economics; Computer science; Biology","authors":[{"name":"Ben Bradshaw","is_ca":true},{"name":"Holly Dolan","is_ca":true},{"name":"Barry Smit","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.2176948191450807,"gpt":0.2883359641201275,"spread":0.07064114497504684,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007594625,0.0001877844,0.0001995022,0.00004560609,0.0003547823,0.0001504079,0.0002797288,0.0001275366,0.00008647704],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002949481,0.00007026286,0.00004053804,0.0007009899,0.00007576631,0.0002644945,0.00006452552,0.0001417514,0.00006421545],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002703824,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001541085,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.1910143,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9058008,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986346,0.0001357454,0.0002494109,0.0003105826,0.0002383668,0.0004312617],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992955,0.0001900609,0.0001012134,0.0001165469,0.00008215116,0.0002145125],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001095294,0.0009751793,0.08295585,0.0005817323,0.00003980165,0.00005534678,0.5752602,0.00001558342,0.004951544,0.008597568,0.0005799928,0.3258777],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001878879,0.0001660706,0.9860395,0.00009535807,0.00001942172,0.00001440802,0.01080107,0.0000701245,0.00001750344,0.001610917,0.0007740479,0.0002037198],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9601053,0.00007690238,0.000006172726,0.03734808,0.00009855653,0.001647351,0.0002399935,0.00003793091,0.0004397104],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9956093,0.00006892637,0.0003052104,0.0032443,0.0001969782,0.0003720848,0.0001907818,0.000001699286,0.00001068417],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9030836,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8143728,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1970507013","doi":"10.1007/s10113-015-0761-x","title":"Climate change, food security, and livelihoods in sub-Saharan Africa","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Regional Environmental Change","topic":"Climate change impacts on agriculture","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":453,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Livelihood; Food security; Vulnerability (computing); Climate change; Adaptive capacity; Conceptualization; Natural resource economics; Environmental resource management; Sustainability; Environmental planning; Geography; Business; Political science; Development economics; Agriculture; Economics; Ecology; Biology; Computer security","authors":[{"name":"Liette Connolly-Boutin","is_ca":true},{"name":"Barry Smit","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.122971701249786,"gpt":0.2366569785728586,"spread":0.1136852773230726,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001784802,0.0002430398,0.0002137593,0.00002689375,0.00007720802,0.00003320305,0.0001699923,0.0001586432,0.0001249494],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000007070173,0.0001072553,0.00006060758,0.0001948162,0.0001019697,0.0003293304,0.0002448806,0.0001570162,0.0001023302],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001093761,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000001312364,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001220585,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008328856,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985679,0.00006719336,0.0001744791,0.0003852532,0.0003143198,0.0004907982],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994775,0.00004254109,0.00008207408,0.00005703264,0.000006590299,0.0003342536],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00166513,0.007126984,0.3091228,0.0002669537,0.0001573068,0.0005971764,0.07086241,6.980031e-7,0.1960301,0.001381623,0.03168262,0.3811062],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001010235,0.001853891,0.9193174,0.0001632148,0.00002478943,0.0001717363,0.003633078,0.00004902126,0.0007585067,0.001528774,0.07069511,0.0007941892],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.986624,0.00956864,2.141318e-8,0.00215634,0.00006674425,0.0005256612,0.0003821944,0.0000467157,0.000629672],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9872215,0.01105146,0.0000120117,0.0007623533,0.0005173364,0.0001623676,0.000256263,0.000003253394,0.00001339444],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6101947,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4373744,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2398451714","doi":"10.1002/wcc.409","title":"Addressing the risk of maladaptation to climate change","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews Climate Change","topic":"Climate change impacts on agriculture","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":424,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche; Rockefeller Foundation","keywords":"Maladaptation; Adaptation (eye); Anticipation (artificial intelligence); Climate change; Conceptual framework; Environmental resource management; Environmental planning; Psychology; Sociology; Geography; Ecology; Social science; Economics; Computer science; Biology","authors":[{"name":"Alexandre Magnan","is_ca":false},{"name":"E. Lisa F. Schipper","is_ca":false},{"name":"Maxine Burkett","is_ca":false},{"name":"Sukaina Bharwani","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ian Burton","is_ca":true},{"name":"Siri Eriksen","is_ca":false},{"name":"François Gemenne","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jetske van der Schaar","is_ca":false},{"name":"Gina Ziervogel","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.2500401993657788,"gpt":0.3607940458564405,"spread":0.1107538464906617,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001331653,0.0004597936,0.0006964935,0.00004846689,0.0005096174,0.0000680688,0.0007525376,0.0001637786,0.001248907],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001463801,0.0001164658,0.0004109771,0.0007491739,0.0001299003,0.0006142132,0.001328722,0.000189208,0.000677974],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008833598,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000002094305,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006614575,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001368948,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9969191,0.000447921,0.0008404134,0.0005941447,0.0003247272,0.0008737226],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981192,0.0003320373,0.0008213298,0.0003137033,0.0001499627,0.0002638036],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002070633,0.0002017204,0.01541302,0.0002615077,0.00002778758,0.000009533312,0.008669198,7.904435e-8,0.06209518,0.0001951159,0.003696793,0.909223],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006749749,0.002249724,0.8985192,0.017224,0.0003761695,0.00009599299,0.006235288,0.00003403015,0.002740882,0.0007496472,0.06961053,0.001489592],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9610776,0.01196519,0.000006437206,0.01753254,0.0007770232,0.003955941,0.002616076,0.0001873651,0.001881867],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8628086,0.1319629,0.0001454915,0.001402826,0.0018846,0.00157177,0.0001496642,0.00001260834,0.00006148977],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9077334,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996641,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1968101060","doi":"10.1007/s10113-010-0184-7","title":"Climate change, flooding in South Asia and implications","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Regional Environmental Change","topic":"Climate change impacts on agriculture","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":398,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; Environment and Climate Change Canada; Impact","funders":"","keywords":"Flooding (psychology); Flood myth; Climate change; Monsoon; Global warming; Geography; Damages; Precipitation; South asia; Environmental science; Climatology; Ecology; Meteorology","authors":[{"name":"M. Monirul Qader Mirza","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.07509135199486096,"gpt":0.2422494364760299,"spread":0.167158084481169,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009242372,0.0001622677,0.0001280609,0.00002013335,0.0001338478,0.00002802452,0.0001357316,0.0001307753,0.0003929019],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000005128677,0.000070218,0.00004552627,0.0001385636,0.00008957359,0.0002262253,0.0001282325,0.0001982583,0.00005976836],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002910207,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":5.579312e-7,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007674286,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009097983,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999074,0.00001927933,0.0001307718,0.0003071678,0.0001269846,0.0003417392],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996778,0.00003727865,0.00006813838,0.00005864878,0.00000315745,0.0001549819],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002751068,0.0002752968,0.3874446,0.00001207155,0.000006177985,0.00001072167,0.003254557,3.580812e-8,0.5431354,0.001311332,0.0001070077,0.0644153],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001283777,0.00005583862,0.9934924,0.00001860789,0.000005749763,0.00004592936,0.0009136182,0.00001042456,0.000281678,0.0001177401,0.004747923,0.0001817232],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9948995,0.000291998,3.08735e-8,0.003707669,0.0000576686,0.0003777177,0.0002420178,0.0000373309,0.000386105],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9974707,0.0008309332,0.00004234405,0.0007363933,0.0005040856,0.0001783263,0.0002150229,0.000002169317,0.00002000397],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6060478,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4302,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1634020409","doi":"10.1029/2009gb003765","title":"Simulating the effects of climate and agricultural management practices on global crop yield","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Global Biogeochemical Cycles","topic":"Climate change impacts on agriculture","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":384,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Environmental science; Crop yield; Sowing; Agriculture; Yield (engineering); Irrigation; Crop simulation model; Crop; Agronomy; DSSAT; Climate change; Precipitation; Agricultural engineering; Geography; Meteorology; Biology; Ecology","authors":[{"name":"Delphine Deryng","is_ca":true},{"name":"William J. Sacks","is_ca":false},{"name":"Carol Barford","is_ca":false},{"name":"Navin Ramankutty","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03536026313114021,"gpt":0.2652247790480992,"spread":0.229864515916959,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001203651,0.0002471991,0.0002212075,0.000003682277,0.0001762005,0.00006730176,0.0003302072,0.0001462664,0.00006738245],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003367557,0.00007146005,0.0001114149,0.0003905839,0.0001429413,0.0001209788,0.0002923066,0.0001106398,0.0000191796],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004912403,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000146057,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004826693,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002411624,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986127,0.00005946186,0.0002489332,0.0003605597,0.0002890413,0.0004292785],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989987,0.000366915,0.000343697,0.00009095951,0.00005776952,0.0001419544],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006606843,0.001205032,0.3365032,0.0005611913,0.0003156904,0.0000875178,0.0004535877,0.000001945017,0.4677543,0.008533866,0.004503492,0.1794195],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000233802,0.0003896684,0.964727,0.0002319041,0.0001046875,0.0000341144,0.001347898,0.000006192605,0.03029174,0.001593121,0.0007430387,0.0002967844],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9860106,0.0004626686,1.068908e-7,0.000812636,0.0001067787,0.0003666921,0.0003519585,0.00007688653,0.0118117],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989178,0.0003999935,0.0001437956,0.0003460402,0.000116311,0.00001268077,0.00005818655,7.005105e-7,0.000004524819],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6282238,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2914056,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2007825373","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeog.2011.06.010","title":"Mapping the vulnerability of crop production to drought in Ghana using rainfall, yield and socioeconomic data","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Geography","topic":"Climate change impacts on agriculture","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":379,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"Economic and Social Research Council","keywords":"Vulnerability (computing); Geography; Socioeconomic status; Agriculture; Scale (ratio); Adaptive capacity; Production (economics); Vulnerability assessment; Climate change; Agricultural productivity; Environmental resource management; Socioeconomics; Environmental science; Cartography; Population; Ecology; Psychological intervention; Economics; Environmental health","authors":[{"name":"Philip Antwi‐Agyei","is_ca":false},{"name":"Evan Fraser","is_ca":true},{"name":"Andrew J. Dougill","is_ca":false},{"name":"Lindsay C. Stringer","is_ca":false},{"name":"Elisabeth Simelton","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1267351743354609,"gpt":0.2599033728836824,"spread":0.1331681985482216,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005215326,0.0001150152,0.0001595493,0.00002860459,0.0001251396,0.00002672035,0.0003427591,0.00007125226,0.0001169869],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003609417,0.00003984363,0.00003328659,0.0004433715,0.0001068847,0.0001221081,0.0002448976,0.0001165332,0.000003684101],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001193567,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000002855331,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001501253,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002593565,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999101,0.00002540764,0.000209451,0.0003706414,0.00007962566,0.0002138102],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999571,0.00007817698,0.00009702872,0.0001746299,0.00002401951,0.00005515198],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001045483,0.0002586232,0.2103791,0.00005130848,0.00005503619,9.479454e-7,0.006725653,0.0000100865,0.7221318,0.0001861686,0.0008892615,0.05920747],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00007360198,0.00004350505,0.9872419,0.00002170754,0.00001101442,0.000003046709,0.006512176,0.00001605028,0.004655499,0.0006661091,0.0005821295,0.0001732795],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9977265,0.00009842325,0.000002265236,0.001113524,0.00005676778,0.0004708564,0.00004996505,0.00002067076,0.0004610408],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992807,0.00002556328,0.0002829549,0.0002548549,0.0001042217,0.00001508752,0.00003236755,8.489974e-7,0.00000343678],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7768628,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2269456,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2804000872","doi":"10.3390/cli6020041","title":"Effect of Climate Change on the Yield of Cereal Crops: A Review","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Climate","topic":"Climate change impacts on agriculture","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":344,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Global Affairs Canada; China Scholarship Council; International Development Research Centre","keywords":"Climate change; Environmental science; Greenhouse gas; Food security; Agriculture; Agronomy; Global warming; Crop yield; Effects of global warming; Yield (engineering); Irrigation; Crop; Ecology; Biology","authors":[{"name":"Jin Wang","is_ca":true},{"name":"Sai Kranthi Vanga","is_ca":true},{"name":"Rachit Saxena","is_ca":true},{"name":"Valérie Orsat","is_ca":true},{"name":"Vijaya Raghavan","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1497545012076724,"gpt":0.3539288858225921,"spread":0.2041743846149197,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001805902,0.0006761226,0.002618784,0.00002823149,0.0001609152,0.00003671822,0.0009572285,0.0004124668,0.001425803],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005352754,0.0001535628,0.001143622,0.0008425426,0.0002027342,0.00007543921,0.0003782922,0.0003935854,0.0003426649],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004851684,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007776114,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005909081,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009553912,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9966799,0.0006700454,0.0009929286,0.0005316358,0.0004317968,0.0006936975],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9953653,0.002537352,0.001484066,0.0003461846,0.0001349315,0.0001321527],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003390879,0.00008660358,0.00001821444,0.09481281,0.00006386446,0.000005693788,0.00003342786,2.166457e-9,0.00007603004,0.00008635227,0.005962774,0.8988203],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00006626124,0.00223857,0.0001563052,0.2039101,0.0009862302,0.00003152077,0.00001861816,2.465174e-7,0.00008156503,0.000004784647,0.7921083,0.0003975105],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.001689041,0.988395,2.959419e-9,0.0005024365,0.000263892,0.002798051,0.002316354,0.00006003917,0.003975163],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0001067734,0.9980817,0.000001552216,0.0004108377,0.0006528239,0.0003290482,0.0003837529,0.000007302037,0.00002614886],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8984228,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999487,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2735429147","doi":"10.1038/nplants.2017.102","title":"The uncertainty of crop yield projections is reduced by improved temperature response functions","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nature Plants","topic":"Climate change impacts on agriculture","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":335,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"Natural Environment Research Council; Sight Research UK","keywords":"Yield (engineering); Food security; Climate change; Crop yield; Crop; Environmental science; Mean radiant temperature; Agricultural engineering; Crop simulation model; Productivity; Mathematics; Agronomy; Agriculture; Ecology; Economics; Biology; Materials science; Engineering","authors":[{"name":"Enli Wang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Pierre Martre","is_ca":false},{"name":"Zhigan Zhao","is_ca":false},{"name":"Frank Ewert","is_ca":false},{"name":"Andrea Maiorano","is_ca":false},{"name":"Reimund P. Rötter","is_ca":false},{"name":"Bruce A. Kimball","is_ca":false},{"name":"Michael J. Ottman","is_ca":false},{"name":"Gerard W. Wall","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jeffrey W. White","is_ca":false},{"name":"Matthew Reynolds","is_ca":false},{"name":"Phillip D. Alderman","is_ca":false},{"name":"Pramod Aggarwal","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jakarat Anothai","is_ca":false},{"name":"Bruno Basso","is_ca":false},{"name":"Christian Biernath","is_ca":false},{"name":"Davide Cammarano","is_ca":false},{"name":"Andrew J. Challinor","is_ca":false},{"name":"Giacomo De Sanctis","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jordi Doltra","is_ca":false},{"name":"Benjamin Dumont","is_ca":false},{"name":"E. Fereres","is_ca":false},{"name":"Margarita García‐Vila","is_ca":false},{"name":"Sebastian Gayler","is_ca":false},{"name":"Gerrit Hoogenboom","is_ca":false},{"name":"L. A. Hunt","is_ca":true},{"name":"R. C. Izaurralde","is_ca":false},{"name":"Mohamed Jabloun","is_ca":false},{"name":"Curtis D. Jones","is_ca":false},{"name":"Kurt Christian Kersebaum","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ann‐Kristin Koehler","is_ca":false},{"name":"Leilei Liu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Christoph Müller","is_ca":false},{"name":"Soora Naresh Kumar","is_ca":false},{"name":"Claas Nendel","is_ca":false},{"name":"Garry J. O’Leary","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jørgen E. Olesen","is_ca":false},{"name":"Taru Palosuo","is_ca":false},{"name":"Eckart Priesack","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ehsan Eyshi Rezaei","is_ca":false},{"name":"Dominique Ripoche","is_ca":false},{"name":"Alex C. Ruane","is_ca":false},{"name":"Mikhail A. Semenov","is_ca":false},{"name":"Iurii Shcherbak","is_ca":false},{"name":"Claudio Stöckle","is_ca":false},{"name":"Pierre Stratonovitch","is_ca":false},{"name":"Thilo Streck","is_ca":false},{"name":"Iwan Supit","is_ca":false},{"name":"Fulu Tao","is_ca":false},{"name":"Peter Thorburn","is_ca":false},{"name":"Katharina Waha","is_ca":false},{"name":"Daniel Wallach","is_ca":false},{"name":"Zhimin Wang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Joost Wolf","is_ca":false},{"name":"Yan Zhu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Senthold Asseng","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02634302650295183,"gpt":0.2733538390746413,"spread":0.2470108125716895,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003298842,0.000185392,0.0001768588,0.00001010222,0.001806734,0.000291466,0.0006039027,0.0005344296,0.0001412928],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00100769,0.00005197759,0.0001106147,0.0001521916,0.0001232768,0.0001511696,0.00009552809,0.0007151809,0.00001237508],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003880169,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002104762,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004465692,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002873655,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988688,0.0000762276,0.0001901617,0.0002970838,0.0002413719,0.0003263231],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998702,0.0005077098,0.0002643334,0.0002402182,0.000178563,0.0001071825],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000452578,0.00004788048,0.000289826,0.000002670438,0.0000228089,0.000001357949,0.00009634188,1.449602e-7,0.8237368,0.000004453522,0.1730071,0.002338077],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005252729,0.0006822291,0.3505541,0.000166403,0.00005564392,0.0000814317,0.00278455,0.00004549034,0.1830611,0.00009591768,0.4613759,0.0005719129],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9682125,0.0005598494,3.039678e-8,0.02673235,0.0006086645,0.0003592887,0.002738161,0.00005338737,0.0007357624],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9915834,0.0002059608,0.000005589483,0.0005323056,0.0002773448,0.00002525177,0.0001589263,0.000001520015,0.007209722],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6406757,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9994928,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1601396554","doi":"10.1023/a:1005653320241","title":"Adaptation in Canadian Agriculture to Climatic Variability and Change","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Climatic Change","topic":"Climate change impacts on agriculture","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":322,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; Carleton University; University of Lethbridge; University of Guelph; Université de Montréal; Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Vulnerability (computing); Climate change; Agriculture; Environmental resource management; Adaptation (eye); Geography; Agency (philosophy); Environmental planning; Natural resource economics; Ecology; Environmental science; Economics; Psychology; Biology","authors":[{"name":"Christopher Bryant","is_ca":true},{"name":"Barry Smit","is_ca":true},{"name":"Michael Brklacich","is_ca":true},{"name":"Thomas R. R. Johnston","is_ca":true},{"name":"John Smithers","is_ca":true},{"name":"Quentin Chjotti","is_ca":true},{"name":"Bhawan Singh","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.08532517064778614,"gpt":0.2571256343956783,"spread":0.1718004637478921,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005291392,0.0002776185,0.0003301095,0.00005075228,0.0001642437,0.00009268104,0.0002243585,0.0002081241,0.003785525],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001212946,0.0001123349,0.00005784522,0.0009204478,0.00003609075,0.0003603193,0.00004743005,0.0001728626,0.00029544],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000221391,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008558634,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.2042019,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.8070568,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9980812,0.0001372113,0.0003400595,0.0004530673,0.0002002813,0.0007881584],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989399,0.0001518251,0.00006690663,0.0001082079,0.0000549265,0.0006781886],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008215643,0.0005217676,0.07587315,0.000326084,0.00002408771,0.00007092714,0.06218402,0.000003914693,0.005531707,0.0003789933,0.00198988,0.8530133],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001871463,0.0002087388,0.9849601,0.0001804006,0.00001886157,0.00002476481,0.001871969,0.0003790571,0.00002134936,0.0003376237,0.0114166,0.0003933522],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9880354,0.0002049142,1.830686e-7,0.007062613,0.00008935419,0.00156719,0.0002311285,0.00007389529,0.002735321],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9950154,0.000395966,0.0001690656,0.003190629,0.0003839492,0.0004802078,0.0002336397,0.000002841433,0.0001283254],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.909087,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9971251,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3016661890","doi":"10.1038/s41477-020-0625-3","title":"Towards a multiscale crop modelling framework for climate change adaptation assessment","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Nature Plants","topic":"Climate change impacts on agriculture","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":315,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"U.S. Department of Agriculture; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; Foundation for Food and Agriculture Research; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Predictability; Sustainability; Climate change; Computer science; Crop production; Environmental resource management; Scale (ratio); Adaptation (eye); Environmental science; Agriculture; Ecology; Geography; Mathematics","authors":[{"name":"Bin Peng","is_ca":false},{"name":"Kaiyu Guan","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jinyun Tang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Elizabeth A. Ainsworth","is_ca":false},{"name":"Senthold Asseng","is_ca":false},{"name":"Carl J. Bernacchi","is_ca":false},{"name":"Mark Cooper","is_ca":false},{"name":"Evan H. DeLucia","is_ca":false},{"name":"Joshua W. Elliott","is_ca":false},{"name":"Frank Ewert","is_ca":false},{"name":"R. F. Grant","is_ca":true},{"name":"Graeme Hammer","is_ca":false},{"name":"Zhenong Jin","is_ca":false},{"name":"James W. Jones","is_ca":false},{"name":"Hyungsuk Kimm","is_ca":false},{"name":"David M. Lawrence","is_ca":false},{"name":"Yan Li","is_ca":false},{"name":"Danica Lombardozzi","is_ca":false},{"name":"Amy Marshall‐Colón","is_ca":false},{"name":"Carlos D. Messina","is_ca":false},{"name":"Donald R. Ort","is_ca":false},{"name":"James C. Schnable","is_ca":false},{"name":"C. Eduardo Vallejos","is_ca":false},{"name":"Alex Wu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Xinyou Yin","is_ca":false},{"name":"Wang Zhou","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.2095783976093283,"gpt":0.3847961829105168,"spread":0.1752177853011885,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002268831,0.0006277203,0.001376685,0.0000288083,0.0002576426,0.0002056143,0.0005297398,0.002026073,0.0001054074],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009773982,0.0002127991,0.0005518161,0.0004169848,0.0000196997,0.0001649417,0.0001428819,0.001541517,0.00004740838],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001609341,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002674265,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003874086,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001157975,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9975193,0.0001129546,0.0004890411,0.0007621226,0.000451525,0.0006650793],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984169,0.0005962658,0.0005201533,0.00009870141,0.0001014684,0.0002665155],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001886537,0.000059973,0.000001407776,0.002571681,0.0000533112,0.00001844315,0.0001432621,0.000003820478,0.000008109013,0.000311953,0.0006359151,0.9961733],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001003154,0.0001558469,0.00005018834,0.007710498,0.0002569583,0.00003104009,0.0001326793,0.001808632,0.000001868802,0.0002754196,0.9888973,0.0005792723],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.00005686089,0.9849388,0.0002538117,0.0008451308,0.0007833267,0.002565104,0.0101948,0.0001962977,0.0001658896],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0001888354,0.9823429,0.00749784,0.0004433129,0.002721929,0.0005627224,0.006216932,0.000009387295,0.00001612008],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.995594,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9992695,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2615108693","doi":"10.1080/17565529.2017.1372266","title":"Gendered vulnerabilities to climate change: insights from the semi-arid regions of Africa and Asia","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Climate and Development","topic":"Climate change impacts on agriculture","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":302,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"International Development Research Centre; Department for International Development; Government of the United Kingdom","keywords":"Arid; Climate change; Geography; Climate change adaptation; Political science; Economic geography; Geology; Oceanography","authors":[{"name":"Nitya Rao","is_ca":false},{"name":"Elaine T. Lawson","is_ca":false},{"name":"Wapula N. Raditloaneng","is_ca":false},{"name":"Divya Solomon","is_ca":false},{"name":"Margaret Angula","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1015699970339504,"gpt":0.2678429925004437,"spread":0.1662729954664933,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001677244,0.0001959241,0.0002519572,0.00001063523,0.001146331,0.0002330871,0.0002874516,0.00009360563,0.00006461593],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008127532,0.00006245145,0.00003177463,0.00007020019,0.0001323759,0.0001795633,0.0005221787,0.00009233669,0.00001541602],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002208683,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007001186,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002144093,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001948994,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988372,0.00004292682,0.0002503677,0.0003273378,0.0001802303,0.0003619839],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992259,0.0001993947,0.0001702141,0.0001528355,0.00007194651,0.0001797812],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005222847,0.0006300702,0.2368536,0.0003780049,0.0002833231,0.00006013518,0.1266035,0.000001593307,0.3155699,0.007471206,0.01833129,0.2932951],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001627685,0.00008403615,0.9449614,0.0001046679,0.00001459274,0.000005994972,0.007613129,0.000004203778,0.002763956,0.0005030225,0.04355505,0.0002271165],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9907413,0.0009595893,6.524456e-7,0.005943009,0.0001040234,0.0003806878,0.0001933966,0.00003536327,0.001641939],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9967363,0.002359809,0.0001582864,0.0003983652,0.0001588959,0.0000659826,0.00007533166,0.000001792039,0.00004517252],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7081078,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8816766,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2074237094","doi":"10.1007/s11069-014-1260-y","title":"An overview of climate change vulnerability: a bibliometric analysis based on Web of Science database","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Natural Hazards","topic":"Climate change impacts on agriculture","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":302,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Vulnerability (computing); Climate change; Environmental resource management; Vulnerability assessment; Bibliometrics; Natural hazard; Science Citation Index; Library science; Political science; Geography; Environmental science; Computer science; Citation; Ecology; Meteorology","authors":[{"name":"Bing Wang","is_ca":true},{"name":"Su-Yan Pan","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ruo-Yu Ke","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ke Wang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Yi‐Ming Wei","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.08917746577153815,"gpt":0.3523308093171318,"spread":0.2631533435455937,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["bibliometrics"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001941518,0.0002291014,0.000530223,0.005435857,0.0001811995,0.00006778599,0.0007594809,0.0001128365,0.0004043369],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006767527,0.00007949929,0.0002540664,0.1408525,0.0003557618,0.0005201183,0.0001290358,0.0002141916,0.000007233739],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006309939,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002349021,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003475668,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007659862,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9972717,0.0001953774,0.0003876414,0.000541679,0.001114981,0.0004886687],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982044,0.0003849267,0.0003256952,0.0003150523,0.0005288555,0.0002411195],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001209215,0.0006414018,0.06354304,0.0001381313,0.0000358012,0.000001757711,0.00006194856,0.00003421339,0.5509889,0.0004205109,0.00009326562,0.3839201],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002323424,0.0007888868,0.9583662,0.00009354153,0.0001430122,0.000001150714,0.00007121229,0.02743992,0.01200082,0.00002161687,0.0006001662,0.0002411325],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.996933,0.0006825763,8.825533e-7,0.0005332876,0.0001605669,0.0002579668,0.0009032481,0.00005736832,0.0004711075],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9983675,0.0005307064,0.0001519135,0.0004868027,0.0001494136,0.00001287319,0.0002950955,0.000001419523,0.000004252835],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8948231,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8774091,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["bibliometrics"],"domain":null,"study_design":"observational","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["bibliometrics"],"domain":null,"study_design":"design_other","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high"}],"label_agreement":"split"},{"id":"W127515839","doi":"10.5751/es-02475-130214","title":"What Is the Vulnerability of a Food System to Global Environmental Change?","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecology and Society","topic":"Climate change impacts on agriculture","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":288,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Vulnerability (computing); Environmental change; Environmental resource management; Food systems; Climate change; Vulnerability assessment; Food security; Environmental science; Geography; Environmental planning; Ecology; Computer science; Agriculture; Psychological resilience; Biology; Computer security","authors":[{"name":"Polly Ericksen","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0369729683136425,"gpt":0.2358372826281328,"spread":0.1988643143144903,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001564678,0.0000881383,0.0001419259,8.285846e-7,0.0003190475,0.00001369048,0.0001164021,0.0001328164,0.0001279407],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000007132306,0.00002622563,0.00009916419,0.0001038207,0.0001617041,0.000102319,0.00009851888,0.00007208778,0.00001130949],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006030567,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000002129808,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003733881,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002761279,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993799,0.00006175018,0.0001084556,0.0001798901,0.00008758967,0.0001823646],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997182,0.0001005753,0.00004948142,0.00004516532,0.00001181224,0.00007477779],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006233373,0.0005282573,0.8789162,0.00007500753,0.0001855586,0.000006997164,0.0405364,0.000001285492,0.03872028,0.0004664575,0.02768478,0.01281644],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00008015193,0.000320467,0.9825877,0.000006990266,0.000008457125,0.00004086262,0.01461759,0.00001002754,0.0003399547,0.00003120904,0.001887655,0.00006893383],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9922584,0.0004362779,8.759124e-8,0.006595111,0.0001548439,0.000294961,0.0001795604,0.00001885737,0.00006191485],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9966422,0.00059488,0.00001215206,0.002532834,0.000135472,0.00002970192,0.00001321353,2.90935e-7,0.00003926526],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1036715,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2453887,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4313399603","doi":"10.1016/j.crm.2022.100473","title":"Severe climate change risks to food security and nutrition","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Climate Risk Management","topic":"Climate change impacts on agriculture","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":271,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Fisheries and Oceans Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Food security; Climate change; Business; Context (archaeology); Malnutrition; Food systems; Natural resource economics; Environmental health; Environmental resource management; Environmental planning; Agriculture; Economics; Geography; Medicine; Economic growth; Ecology; Biology","authors":[{"name":"Alisher Mirzabaev","is_ca":false},{"name":"Rachel Bezner Kerr","is_ca":false},{"name":"Toshihiro Hasegawa","is_ca":false},{"name":"Prajal Pradhan","is_ca":false},{"name":"Anita Wreford","is_ca":false},{"name":"Cristina Tirado","is_ca":false},{"name":"Helen Gurney‐Smith","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05987036704789045,"gpt":0.2621948267583987,"spread":0.2023244597105082,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005112701,0.0002607755,0.0002437925,0.00004475355,0.001032715,0.0001498072,0.0003125206,0.00005705097,0.0007995724],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001044258,0.0001216462,0.00009301195,0.0006091289,0.00002475862,0.0001808131,0.001404279,0.0002392573,0.00008443921],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001283144,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":6.356401e-7,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001286425,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004847997,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979033,0.0001662126,0.0002542554,0.0005722982,0.0003892965,0.0007146016],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993791,0.00006053437,0.0001605301,0.0001237961,0.00003549682,0.0002405706],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00161764,0.004168187,0.09617461,0.001653889,0.0003589145,0.0002972244,0.007657716,0.00006616474,0.00329146,0.01390201,0.04377679,0.8270354],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001612457,0.004826153,0.5153854,0.0001775784,0.0002658105,0.00009698655,0.0339964,0.0001985436,0.0001208795,0.004819328,0.4369604,0.001540039],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9880614,0.0006945268,3.197145e-7,0.002513203,0.0002080861,0.001775548,0.003030136,0.0002228558,0.003493874],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9850991,0.01168562,0.0001023241,0.001371629,0.000276105,0.001040594,0.0003967006,0.000003841888,0.00002412277],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8254954,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8754757,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3195879536","doi":"10.1080/17565529.2021.1964937","title":"Interrogating ‘effectiveness’ in climate change adaptation: 11 guiding principles for adaptation research and practice","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Climate and Development","topic":"Climate change impacts on agriculture","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":262,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Department for International Development; International Development Research Centre","keywords":"Adaptation (eye); Climate change adaptation; Climate change; Environmental resource management; Political science; Engineering ethics; Environmental planning; Psychology; Environmental science; Engineering; Geology","authors":[{"name":"Chandni Singh","is_ca":false},{"name":"Soundarya Iyer","is_ca":false},{"name":"Mark New","is_ca":false},{"name":"Roger Few","is_ca":false},{"name":"Bhavana Rao Kuchimanchi","is_ca":false},{"name":"Alcade C. Segnon","is_ca":false},{"name":"Daniel Morchain","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.498338971320846,"gpt":0.3938056575870979,"spread":0.1045333137337481,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002099097,0.0001422986,0.0001856375,0.00003227396,0.0004411721,0.0001940759,0.0000654075,0.00009197133,0.00002090026],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007448226,0.00006781497,0.00001762199,0.0003305529,0.00003893285,0.0003960517,0.0002416836,0.00008557679,0.000004734108],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009401967,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000193057,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004692196,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005551246,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984221,0.0002142958,0.0002926338,0.000400432,0.0002073536,0.0004632184],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9977795,0.001630479,0.0001047266,0.00003789264,0.0003492382,0.00009812265],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001128861,0.0009393969,0.06290191,0.001903967,0.00007497846,0.0001895679,0.1453615,0.00004045199,0.1777344,0.006797684,0.000111229,0.602816],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001050971,0.0004272835,0.6309248,0.001359504,0.00001669898,0.0001446857,0.323252,0.00129194,0.007960656,0.0002944666,0.03272774,0.0005492179],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.996163,0.0008215703,0.00001035012,0.00186099,0.0000772869,0.0005934154,0.00003038373,0.00003475626,0.0004082404],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9906646,0.002391906,0.006017099,0.0002017339,0.0001254064,0.0003332046,0.0002483427,0.000002700948,0.00001503507],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6022668,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3393183,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2279711895","doi":"10.1088/1748-9326/11/3/034003","title":"Changes in yield variability of major crops for 1981–2010 explained by climate change","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Research Letters","topic":"Climate change impacts on agriculture","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":260,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Yield (engineering); Climate change; Environmental science; Agronomy; Precipitation; Crop; Crop yield; Abiotic component; Range (aeronautics); Climatology; Geography; Biology; Ecology","authors":[{"name":"Toshichika Iizumi","is_ca":false},{"name":"Navin Ramankutty","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.08333684700898437,"gpt":0.289914211904958,"spread":0.2065773648959736,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001373683,0.0001732209,0.0002223093,0.00003559482,0.0001333564,0.00002640733,0.0003599864,0.0001285514,0.001228538],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002797198,0.00005916904,0.00007587741,0.0002108947,0.0002800138,0.0001898793,0.000225589,0.0001647293,0.00004206723],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000213819,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000001581332,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000256849,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001503366,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9978068,0.0002071933,0.0002247745,0.0004428951,0.0004958851,0.0008224678],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982836,0.00133889,0.00007957173,0.0001200793,0.00001181073,0.0001661094],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001162081,0.0001899243,0.04683811,0.00001928546,0.000005079283,0.000002996831,0.0001392904,2.254904e-8,0.932534,0.000009764469,0.004227282,0.01591797],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007929595,0.0007415155,0.7970923,0.0001583922,0.000006413227,0.000003212469,0.0008418137,0.000004316713,0.1915517,0.0001312052,0.008335733,0.0003403838],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9454169,0.00007365691,0.000001864036,0.05171053,0.00006862007,0.0009752478,0.001692966,0.00001858247,0.0000415813],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9978873,0.0004879803,0.00003696998,0.0007162087,0.0002177683,0.0003882896,0.0001248001,0.000003127269,0.0001375248],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7502542,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996845,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2787056864","doi":"10.5751/es-09844-230114","title":"The climate-smart village approach: framework of an integrative strategy for scaling up adaptation options in agriculture","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecology and Society","topic":"Climate change impacts on agriculture","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":256,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research; International Fund for Agricultural Development; Consortium of International Agricultural Research Centers","keywords":"Adaptation (eye); Agriculture; Climate change adaptation; Landscape ecology; Climate change; Ecology; Computer science; Regional science; Humanities; Geography; Physics; Biology; Philosophy","authors":[{"name":"Pramod Aggarwal","is_ca":false},{"name":"Andy Jarvis","is_ca":false},{"name":"Bruce Campbell","is_ca":false},{"name":"Robert B. Zougmoré","is_ca":false},{"name":"Arun Khatri‐Chhetri","is_ca":false},{"name":"Sonja Vermeulen","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ana María Loboguerrero","is_ca":false},{"name":"Leocadio S. Sebastian","is_ca":false},{"name":"James Kinyangi","is_ca":false},{"name":"Osana Bonilla‐Findji","is_ca":false},{"name":"Maren Radeny","is_ca":false},{"name":"John Recha","is_ca":false},{"name":"Deissy Martínez- Barón","is_ca":false},{"name":"Julián Ramírez-Villegas","is_ca":false},{"name":"Sophia Huyer","is_ca":false},{"name":"Philip K. Thornton","is_ca":false},{"name":"Eva Wollenberg","is_ca":false},{"name":"James Hansen","is_ca":false},{"name":"Patricia Alvarez-Toro","is_ca":false},{"name":"Andrés Aguilar-Ariza","is_ca":false},{"name":"David Arango-Londoño","is_ca":false},{"name":"Victor Patiño-Bravo","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ovidio Rivera","is_ca":false},{"name":"Mathieu Ouédraogo","is_ca":false},{"name":"Bui Tan Yen","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04464068655468155,"gpt":0.2879663506345634,"spread":0.2433256640798818,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004409475,0.0001180703,0.0001649193,0.000003841621,0.0005701593,0.00004797071,0.0001300821,0.0003143382,0.00002652827],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007945591,0.00003479094,0.00008707903,0.00022876,0.0002481196,0.0001249741,0.00003626642,0.0001798258,0.000001210623],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002613655,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006795563,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005046926,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004070826,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991638,0.00009736112,0.0001878153,0.0002178223,0.00006452385,0.0002686831],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991625,0.0005006046,0.0001136418,0.00003931747,0.0001286738,0.00005529304],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001260163,0.003080901,0.05810998,0.0003186301,0.000579242,0.000004058104,0.2252442,0.0007979002,0.3574299,0.1564126,0.02165552,0.1751069],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000329911,0.0009474494,0.815598,0.00003846393,0.00002712803,0.000007479204,0.1721575,0.00395094,0.0008234716,0.004629982,0.001263556,0.0002260825],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9982964,0.0001267569,0.00004701152,0.0006168539,0.0001322123,0.0003888648,0.0001012758,0.00002270296,0.0002678727],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9974432,0.0005037739,0.001368959,0.0001867493,0.0002290461,0.00005828564,0.0001551501,8.413544e-7,0.00005401005],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7574881,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4385263,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2944844510","doi":"10.1038/s41558-019-0502-0","title":"The need for bottom-up assessments of climate risks and adaptation in climate-sensitive regions","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nature Climate Change","topic":"Climate change impacts on agriculture","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":253,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"International Development Research Centre; Economic and Social Research Council; Department for International Development; Government of the United Kingdom","keywords":"Top-down and bottom-up design; Vulnerability (computing); Climate change; Adaptation (eye); Environmental resource management; Perspective (graphical); Vulnerability assessment; Environmental science; Ecological forecasting; Focus (optics); Climate change adaptation; Environmental planning; Computer science; Global warming; Psychological resilience; Ecology","authors":[{"name":"Declan Conway","is_ca":false},{"name":"Robert J. Nicholls","is_ca":false},{"name":"Sally Brown","is_ca":false},{"name":"Mark Tebboth","is_ca":false},{"name":"W. Neil Adger","is_ca":false},{"name":"Bashir Ahmad","is_ca":false},{"name":"Hester Biemans","is_ca":false},{"name":"Florence Crick","is_ca":false},{"name":"Arthur Lutz","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ricardo Safra de Campos","is_ca":false},{"name":"Mohammed Y. Said","is_ca":false},{"name":"Chandni Singh","is_ca":false},{"name":"Modathir Zaroug","is_ca":false},{"name":"Eva Ludi","is_ca":false},{"name":"Mark New","is_ca":false},{"name":"P. Wester","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1029854880064703,"gpt":0.3356413952287366,"spread":0.2326559072222664,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007673962,0.0002865283,0.0003863452,0.00004264886,0.0002829659,0.00008674655,0.000238927,0.0004913129,0.00003786306],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000114876,0.0001056861,0.0001276964,0.0004869494,0.00008101154,0.0003063868,0.0001752577,0.0004851978,0.00001468872],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006650379,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000005282443,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001556828,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003666566,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979724,0.0001184231,0.0004211876,0.0004494932,0.0002631306,0.000775426],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983698,0.0007573815,0.0004065068,0.0001286098,0.0002255929,0.0001121171],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.006049899,0.001220303,0.3203251,0.001670489,0.0002361262,0.00004166718,0.0143417,0.000006673865,0.3229717,0.04848868,0.002385828,0.2822618],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001634155,0.001038917,0.9626796,0.0005231894,0.00008362326,0.00002261668,0.02432799,0.001114682,0.002256076,0.000710418,0.004973604,0.0006350761],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9919051,0.0009793772,4.965959e-7,0.002320929,0.0005831112,0.001780299,0.001246156,0.0000633104,0.001121216],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9857106,0.01274171,0.0001456342,0.0005169217,0.0002292159,0.0001494687,0.0004669702,0.000005799125,0.00003366788],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6423545,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4309755,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2804635677","doi":"10.1038/s41598-018-26321-8","title":"Northward shift of the agricultural climate zone under 21st-century global climate change","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Scientific Reports","topic":"Climate change impacts on agriculture","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":245,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"","keywords":"Climate change; Growing degree-day; Environmental science; Greenhouse gas; Global warming; Climatology; Agriculture; Evapotranspiration; Physical geography; Geography; Ecology; Phenology; Biology; Geology","authors":[{"name":"Myron King","is_ca":true},{"name":"Daniel Altdorff","is_ca":true},{"name":"Pengfei Li","is_ca":false},{"name":"Lakshman Galagedara","is_ca":true},{"name":"Joseph Holden","is_ca":false},{"name":"Adrian Unc","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03433976313770326,"gpt":0.24975432873597,"spread":0.2154145655982667,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009047418,0.0003347928,0.0003498195,0.00001762894,0.0009968069,0.0003626285,0.0005725315,0.000193562,0.0005218109],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007827387,0.00009668493,0.0003252487,0.001845654,0.000700791,0.0004003345,0.0005937666,0.0001590365,0.0001071439],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001135916,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001789675,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002286884,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006376217,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9963834,0.0001115102,0.0006857545,0.0008941239,0.0009529445,0.0009722921],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981391,0.00004368669,0.0007316161,0.0004160454,0.0004131791,0.0002563014],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000105793,0.001048781,0.2771914,0.0001597947,0.0001038712,0.0001187148,0.002967409,0.000006067843,0.6561325,0.004415603,0.02368836,0.03406175],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001090691,0.0001374848,0.9615648,0.0001347733,0.00004789614,0.0002660316,0.002270424,0.0000032484,0.008076506,0.0006731711,0.02634984,0.0003667168],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.983596,0.0002940879,2.206497e-7,0.002467262,0.007701236,0.0006917471,0.0002770686,0.0001395561,0.004832821],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984176,0.00008682613,0.00003214299,0.0002244024,0.0009048483,0.00002918578,0.000175753,0.000002209678,0.0001270113],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6843735,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7666734,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2916244613","doi":"10.1007/s10340-019-01083-y","title":"Climate-smart pest management: building resilience of farms and landscapes to changing pest threats","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Pest Science","topic":"Climate change impacts on agriculture","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":239,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research; Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada; Ministry of Agriculture of the People's Republic of China; Department for International Development","keywords":"Integrated pest management; Food security; Agriculture; Climate change; PEST analysis; Agroforestry; Agricultural productivity; Resilience (materials science); Greenhouse gas; Food processing; Environmental resource management; Ecology; Biology; Environmental science","authors":[{"name":"Luca Heeb","is_ca":false},{"name":"Emma Jenner","is_ca":false},{"name":"Matthew J.W. Cock","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01712365622249647,"gpt":0.2612644940602699,"spread":0.2441408378377734,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001357539,0.0001638148,0.0002938306,0.0001530049,0.0002557744,0.0001904286,0.0006982427,0.00004912052,0.0001061587],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009938231,0.00006094294,0.00007280042,0.00157905,0.0001247426,0.0006747006,0.0003260821,0.0001446397,0.00001871583],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005141016,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001213799,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001786593,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009008784,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9980071,0.00002686705,0.0003762504,0.0003087875,0.0007249849,0.0005560326],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988626,0.0001308246,0.0003858387,0.00008399341,0.0002435444,0.0002932398],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005299356,0.00008737969,0.09671363,0.00007742678,0.00000805486,0.00002780019,0.0008509243,0.00009991138,0.8767868,0.0006961444,0.0000964695,0.02450246],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003907464,0.00112826,0.961136,0.0009123544,0.0000387726,0.0003458228,0.007611564,0.0002015251,0.02542403,0.0002415003,0.002178695,0.0003906838],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9966329,0.0002563084,0.000006936625,0.001383431,0.0002748109,0.0002040939,0.00001833544,0.00001248112,0.001210697],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982669,0.0005266118,0.0007684082,0.0001680287,0.0001465863,0.000001116632,0.000001281163,0.000001253303,0.0001197929],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8644224,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2485181,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3199801153","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150420","title":"Understanding responses to climate-related water scarcity in Africa","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"The Science of The Total Environment","topic":"Climate change impacts on agriculture","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":237,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"International Development Research Centre; National Sleep Foundation","keywords":"Water scarcity; Scarcity; Livelihood; Maladaptation; Climate change; Natural resource economics; Indigenous; Environmental resource management; Geography; Adaptive capacity; Adaptive strategies; Development economics; Environmental planning; Business; Economics; Ecology; Agriculture","authors":[{"name":"Walter Leal Filho","is_ca":false},{"name":"Edmond Totin","is_ca":false},{"name":"James Franke","is_ca":false},{"name":"Samora M. Andrew","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ismaila Rimi Abubakar","is_ca":false},{"name":"Hossein Azadi","is_ca":false},{"name":"Patrick D. Nunn","is_ca":false},{"name":"Birgitt Ouweneel","is_ca":false},{"name":"Portia Adade Williams","is_ca":false},{"name":"Nicholas P. Simpson","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1720689883753676,"gpt":0.2814316497514854,"spread":0.1093626613761178,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001877418,0.0003040737,0.0006582442,0.00003909503,0.0004567096,0.0001041136,0.001400914,0.000138137,0.0005232961],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001183904,0.00006357679,0.0003323753,0.001144158,0.0006516903,0.0001022531,0.001682171,0.0003285203,0.00009963327],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007452131,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002583194,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004152511,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001373774,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9971465,0.0003621076,0.00048012,0.0005091336,0.0007741633,0.0007279813],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990982,0.0002578111,0.000203887,0.000296812,0.00001154774,0.0001317233],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002032698,0.002165086,0.00008687835,0.00315766,0.0003591101,0.0001054166,0.01638925,0.004433415,0.3412891,0.002771284,0.002909594,0.6261299],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001162993,0.002273844,0.03707328,0.05377796,0.002414281,0.001138812,0.02420231,0.0001964366,0.01557648,0.002920392,0.8519573,0.007305901],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.2362225,0.753925,1.922108e-7,0.005370215,0.00052144,0.002305528,0.0002929344,0.00003669868,0.001325489],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.08700543,0.911834,0.00001204393,0.00002402937,0.00005937535,0.00005200544,0.0000202308,0.000003759,0.0009891111],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8490477,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5729725,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2145243190","doi":"10.5539/jas.v5n4p121","title":"Farmers’ Perceptions and Adaptations to Climate Change in Sub-Sahara Africa: A Synthesis of Empirical Studies and Implications for Public Policy in African Agriculture","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Agricultural Science","topic":"Climate change impacts on agriculture","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":229,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Climate change; Agriculture; Agricultural diversification; Business; Diversification (marketing strategy); Geography; Agroforestry; Natural resource economics; Environmental resource management; Agricultural economics; Economics; Environmental science; Ecology","authors":[{"name":"James S. Juana","is_ca":false},{"name":"Zibanani Kahaka","is_ca":false},{"name":"Francis Nathan Okurut","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1271807610590682,"gpt":0.343513440934663,"spread":0.2163326798755948,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006242676,0.0002211324,0.0004591927,0.0002271118,0.0002928753,0.0001860745,0.0003910362,0.00009551162,0.00001204593],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001232794,0.00007374313,0.00009466923,0.003427263,0.0003060228,0.001202223,0.0001814133,0.0001762811,0.000002379126],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002262251,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003009317,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000356508,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002763992,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9980692,0.00007549263,0.0006045059,0.0003356103,0.0003139866,0.0006011486],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9977607,0.00057163,0.0003666819,0.00005581787,0.0008412978,0.0004038502],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001309383,0.0001804221,0.05904611,0.00003068762,0.00001327432,7.959545e-7,0.006022554,0.000005852917,0.9017458,0.0003188938,0.0006963213,0.03192622],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001471853,0.0002908328,0.9774676,0.00014494,0.00001772872,0.00007052015,0.02091458,0.000004322517,0.0004081121,0.0001916216,0.0001623403,0.0001802448],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9278213,0.0009636554,7.001221e-7,0.07022374,0.0000405848,0.0007630425,0.0001126013,0.00001092695,0.0000634349],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9962984,0.002593123,0.0004968025,0.0001938843,0.0001846097,0.0002201325,0.000004529501,0.000001284735,0.000007230759],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9184214,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3007157,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2326920330","doi":"10.5751/es-03402-160303","title":"Assessing Vulnerability to Climate Change in Dryland Livelihood Systems: Conceptual Challenges and Interdisciplinary Solutions","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecology and Society","topic":"Climate change impacts on agriculture","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":226,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"Economic and Social Research Council; Natural Environment Research Council; Sight Research UK","keywords":"Livelihood; Vulnerability (computing); Climate change; Environmental resource management; Geography; Conceptual framework; Environmental planning; Ecology; Environmental science; Sociology; Agriculture; Social science; Computer science; Biology","authors":[{"name":"Evan Fraser","is_ca":true},{"name":"Andrew J. Dougill","is_ca":false},{"name":"Klaus Hubacek","is_ca":false},{"name":"Claire H. Quinn","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jan Sendzimir","is_ca":false},{"name":"Mette Termansen","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1546321219016503,"gpt":0.3162171102929633,"spread":0.1615849883913131,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005156132,0.0001342247,0.000228281,0.000007607192,0.0003450914,0.00003909125,0.00008160915,0.000225974,0.00006005774],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002942279,0.00005589034,0.0000434979,0.00009390881,0.000175008,0.0002600242,0.0003766683,0.0001790685,0.000005766496],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003821398,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000003058602,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001022483,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003833975,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998934,0.000141332,0.0001671606,0.0003224697,0.00005351009,0.0003815631],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995442,0.0001925263,0.00005529715,0.00003836611,0.00003593085,0.0001336601],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000888165,0.001130097,0.4065809,0.0002693346,0.00009613338,0.00003213547,0.4985313,0.000001094993,0.01700637,0.005768838,0.00111248,0.06938248],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001394593,0.0002617419,0.9394591,0.00004168831,0.000008624064,0.00001391515,0.05952956,0.00004240671,0.00001055537,0.0002982637,0.00006199343,0.0001326928],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9938782,0.002073443,3.295647e-7,0.002780698,0.0001489877,0.0003345459,0.00004329684,0.00004171265,0.0006987926],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9968549,0.002518058,0.00005501874,0.0003133956,0.0001557207,0.00008107538,0.00001449566,9.133065e-7,0.000006392221],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5328782,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2654199,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2613557047","doi":"10.1080/17565529.2017.1318744","title":"The utility of weather and climate information for adaptation decision-making: current uses and future prospects in Africa and India","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Climate and Development","topic":"Climate change impacts on agriculture","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":225,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"International Development Research Centre; Department for International Development; Department for International Development, UK Government; Government of the United Kingdom","keywords":"Climate change; Information needs; Government (linguistics); Environmental resource management; Scale (ratio); Adaptation (eye); Decision support system; Environmental planning; Business; Geography; Computer science; Environmental science","authors":[{"name":"Chandni Singh","is_ca":false},{"name":"Joseph Daron","is_ca":false},{"name":"Amir Bazaz","is_ca":false},{"name":"Gina Ziervogel","is_ca":false},{"name":"Dian Spear","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jagdish Krishnaswamy","is_ca":false},{"name":"Modathir Zaroug","is_ca":false},{"name":"Evans Kituyi","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04825800813653631,"gpt":0.2795895728964357,"spread":0.2313315647598994,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003872677,0.0001161268,0.0001429939,0.0000137241,0.0006277962,0.0002683049,0.00007355482,0.00006334911,0.000006796899],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009456771,0.00003995023,0.00001120995,0.00004359562,0.00008224874,0.0003452987,0.0001580894,0.00005427458,5.188481e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001087915,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000716056,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000005075695,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004530791,"domain_scores_codex":[0.99927,0.00001388974,0.0002384163,0.0001513149,0.0001054155,0.0002209802],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994348,0.0001955472,0.0002027614,0.00004698661,0.00006270521,0.00005715909],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001214852,0.00002667287,0.08891813,0.0001090676,0.000005024143,3.432993e-7,0.005479536,4.505556e-8,0.0001976497,0.0002168785,0.0001043359,0.9048209],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002515357,0.00005678802,0.9707514,0.0001191144,0.000004844854,0.000003704141,0.004225489,0.00009736281,0.00006363366,0.0003937294,0.02393196,0.0001004239],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9973407,0.001430313,0.000002142681,0.0004430512,0.00007560291,0.0004518919,0.00006741587,0.000009469517,0.0001794284],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9899909,0.009459569,0.0004329336,0.00002278213,0.00003543794,0.00003443098,0.00002195732,7.035513e-7,0.000001285684],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9047204,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4828564,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2126038213","doi":"10.1007/s10021-005-0140-4","title":"Building Resilience in Lagoon Social–Ecological Systems: A Local-level Perspective","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosystems","topic":"Climate change impacts on agriculture","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":220,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"","keywords":"Resilience (materials science); Ecological resilience; Perspective (graphical); Sustainability; Socio-ecological system; Environmental resource management; Psychological resilience; Ecology; Ecological systems theory; Diversity (politics); Geography; Sociology; Psychology; Computer science; Environmental science; Social psychology; Resource (disambiguation)","authors":[{"name":"Fikret Berkes","is_ca":true},{"name":"Cristiana Simão Seixas","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04992448747721173,"gpt":0.2791631054445524,"spread":0.2292386179673407,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005428921,0.0002369368,0.0003848994,0.0000316391,0.0002588764,0.0001485634,0.0003748493,0.0002601537,0.000331559],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001304318,0.00008794396,0.0001022597,0.000724508,0.00005440612,0.000254359,0.0000990847,0.0002592549,0.0002287299],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007775675,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001070239,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001719204,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02493099,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979565,0.0002181485,0.0004044548,0.0004976992,0.0003271646,0.0005960283],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992485,0.0002391594,0.0001753155,0.00006186347,0.0001315645,0.0001436083],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002700212,0.002482632,0.02726362,0.0002739311,0.0001158123,0.0003075389,0.008388706,0.00214194,0.776941,0.04959119,0.06485482,0.06736877],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001564066,0.0008649128,0.6861975,0.0005417988,0.00003825433,0.0002666964,0.1001157,0.01069603,0.003054245,0.000658346,0.193971,0.002031479],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9898589,0.0006826758,0.00002052553,0.005333741,0.0002466165,0.0005548372,0.0001242484,0.000152331,0.003026149],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982418,0.00002472294,0.00004462425,0.0001728937,0.001004042,0.00007562742,0.0000169102,0.000001909095,0.0004174645],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7738868,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9928615,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2039968751","doi":"10.1080/17565529.2012.751893","title":"Is rainfall really changing? Farmers’ perceptions, meteorological data, and policy implications","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Climate and Development","topic":"Climate change impacts on agriculture","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":218,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"Economic and Social Research Council","keywords":"Perception; Climate change; Environmental science; Climatology; Geography; Political science; Psychology; Geology","authors":[{"name":"Elisabeth Simelton","is_ca":false},{"name":"Claire H. Quinn","is_ca":false},{"name":"Nnyaladzi Batisani","is_ca":false},{"name":"Andrew J. Dougill","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jen Dyer","is_ca":false},{"name":"Evan Fraser","is_ca":true},{"name":"David Mkwambisi","is_ca":false},{"name":"Susannah M. Sallu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Lindsay C. Stringer","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.06246619052558033,"gpt":0.2918927688682534,"spread":0.229426578342673,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002133419,0.0001811511,0.0001763508,0.00003349005,0.0004869293,0.0001916137,0.0002316058,0.0001144684,0.0009844686],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003705515,0.0000666551,0.00001947829,0.0002525841,0.00007267447,0.0002329515,0.0005675728,0.00008862905,0.0001640375],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003303654,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001304412,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001309309,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001458836,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987161,0.00002869119,0.0002247983,0.0004308325,0.0001163691,0.0004832564],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994293,0.000080575,0.00006989586,0.0001088404,0.00006810739,0.0002432072],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001855804,0.0002257862,0.1637475,0.00006002051,0.00007096474,0.000003590801,0.006617966,1.208681e-7,0.1250503,0.0008226585,0.02893834,0.6744443],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001061236,0.00005299549,0.9376714,0.00001233484,0.000007729502,0.00003311351,0.003609591,0.00001297565,0.00006391523,0.00019004,0.05803378,0.0002060386],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9785111,0.0002072604,0.000003653923,0.01921923,0.00002250076,0.0003378969,0.0002141112,0.00008559591,0.001398643],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9867044,0.003578903,0.001612084,0.006420997,0.0001923282,0.000101185,0.001095405,0.000002146533,0.0002925675],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7739239,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999288,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2010027748","doi":"10.1073/pnas.0913003109","title":"A systems science perspective and transdisciplinary models for food and nutrition security","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","topic":"Climate change impacts on agriculture","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":214,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Food security; Perspective (graphical); Key (lock); Food systems; Management science; Systems science; Computer science; Risk analysis (engineering); Engineering ethics; Business; Engineering; Computer security; Ecology; Biology; Agriculture; Artificial intelligence","authors":[{"name":"Ross A. Hammond","is_ca":false},{"name":"Laurette Dubé","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.08410306947624047,"gpt":0.3119519663213347,"spread":0.2278488968450942,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001167015,0.00007557167,0.0001135435,0.00003291772,0.000414705,0.00005406808,0.0002946599,0.0000597668,0.00000144924],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001514949,0.00002530447,0.00003369397,0.0006247118,0.0009634746,0.001132651,0.00009360535,0.0000670479,4.46832e-8],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000347586,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000500703,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000006870776,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":5.791429e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989049,0.000004068861,0.0001427621,0.0001961941,0.0005581435,0.0001938631],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992884,0.0001261049,0.0001719779,0.00000205244,0.0003396462,0.00007181976],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002744248,0.0001271451,0.001448394,0.0001254706,0.000006445209,5.619678e-10,0.003989329,0.000003579267,0.8168024,0.1771648,0.0001401585,0.0001648462],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005971761,0.001141655,0.2326638,0.0004915647,0.00005410318,0.00009236255,0.07958215,0.006365904,0.1743195,0.5040144,0.0002551967,0.0004222578],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9933329,0.001280964,1.523394e-7,0.003953113,0.0000148649,0.0004332001,0.0001515004,0.000008503551,0.0008247999],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995511,0.00009950317,0.0001386951,0.00004637114,0.0001303773,0.00002710823,2.076168e-7,3.423237e-7,0.000006307396],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6424829,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3549962,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2810036160","doi":"10.3390/su10072228","title":"Millets for Food Security in the Context of Climate Change: A Review","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Sustainability","topic":"Climate change impacts on agriculture","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":206,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"International Development Research Centre","keywords":"Food security; Climate change; Context (archaeology); Environmental science; Effects of global warming; Productivity; Global warming; Natural resource economics; Population; Food processing; Crop; Agroforestry; Agricultural economics; Agriculture; Business; Geography; Agronomy; Economics; Ecology; Biology","authors":[{"name":"Rachit Saxena","is_ca":true},{"name":"Sai Kranthi Vanga","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jin Wang","is_ca":true},{"name":"Valérie Orsat","is_ca":true},{"name":"Vijaya Raghavan","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.09353810214056926,"gpt":0.3583907312364737,"spread":0.2648526290959045,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002568448,0.0004543673,0.001788003,0.00002056615,0.0001276992,0.00003734016,0.000872747,0.0003716431,0.00009848234],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001537967,0.0001181651,0.0008780662,0.0009565334,0.000188483,0.00009914458,0.000200259,0.0003195992,0.00000550191],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003752833,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000627695,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001172757,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0029657,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9968526,0.0007367693,0.000876128,0.0005859592,0.0002825584,0.0006659579],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9970854,0.001177253,0.0006379757,0.000288906,0.0007236134,0.00008687839],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001325236,0.0001919085,0.00002262109,0.116648,0.00001641803,0.000002013355,0.000432822,3.106028e-10,1.021458e-7,0.0002527347,0.003146171,0.879274],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00008238402,0.0006849342,0.0001858174,0.01356721,0.0002182826,0.00001225328,0.001444078,1.331823e-7,2.928271e-7,0.001172428,0.9823577,0.0002745303],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0007841178,0.9833726,2.102446e-8,0.003186558,0.000093586,0.009828079,0.002579698,0.00002824521,0.0001270561],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.001085929,0.9953256,0.000002603352,0.0007034592,0.0004098544,0.001904879,0.0005594849,0.000002752713,0.000005389825],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9792115,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4818631,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2067616310","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2015.01.052","title":"Using causal loop diagrams for the initialization of stakeholder engagement in soil salinity management in agricultural watersheds in developing countries: A case study in the Rechna Doab watershed, Pakistan","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Management","topic":"Climate change impacts on agriculture","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":204,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Causal loop diagram; Stakeholder; Conceptual model; Process (computing); Citizen journalism; Process management; Causal model; Environmental resource management; Environmental planning; Computer science; Management science; System dynamics; Business; Environmental science; Engineering; Political science; Mathematics; Public relations","authors":[{"name":"Azhar Inam","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jan Adamowski","is_ca":false},{"name":"Johannes Halbe","is_ca":true},{"name":"Shiv O. Prasher","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.2082925531201229,"gpt":0.3284954768804688,"spread":0.1202029237603459,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003188922,0.0002375637,0.0003176192,0.0001119164,0.00009109559,0.0001040819,0.0004008181,0.00006501104,0.00002072456],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001702996,0.00008012878,0.00006952167,0.0005379423,0.00005904495,0.0002972112,0.000216723,0.0002367854,8.880145e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009048361,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006067977,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00114109,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01611891,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9973683,0.0004451382,0.0009830196,0.0002380821,0.000587662,0.0003778485],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999254,0.0001896056,0.0003818969,0.00009655156,0.00002336482,0.00005450776],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002269153,0.01247944,0.7579244,0.0006370341,0.0007414728,0.01686332,0.137328,0.03015408,0.007009551,0.000761952,0.0008421175,0.03298949],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002825992,0.0005197784,0.5845751,0.0001853371,0.0000861432,0.0001352881,0.41019,0.000136564,0.0001468221,0.0001099561,0.0008463266,0.0002427206],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9961424,0.0001236514,0.00002459002,0.001396656,0.0001276478,0.002094656,0.00002054446,0.000003849048,0.0000659307],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989545,0.0004467177,0.0001695571,0.0002487971,0.00005906322,0.00007651607,0.0000260147,0.000002982022,0.0000158934],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.272862,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.899473,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2059673910","doi":"10.3390/su2082719","title":"Climate Change and Food Security in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Literature Review","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Sustainability","topic":"Climate change impacts on agriculture","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":199,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Food security; Vulnerability (computing); Climate change; Livelihood; Natural resource economics; Productivity; Malnutrition; Population; Land degradation; Systematic review; Development economics; Adaptive capacity; Environmental resource management; Vulnerability assessment; Geography; Business; Economics; Agriculture; Economic growth; Psychological intervention; Political science; Ecology; Environmental health; Psychology; Medicine; Biology","authors":[{"name":"Heather Thompson","is_ca":true},{"name":"Lea Berrang‐Ford","is_ca":true},{"name":"James D. Ford","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0240636986763301,"gpt":0.2520175038288949,"spread":0.2279538051525648,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001304132,0.0002588443,0.0005261668,0.00002164247,0.0001300888,0.0001294871,0.0002361606,0.0002216429,0.00005946311],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00139324,0.00008889128,0.0001065937,0.0009203915,0.00008531589,0.0003328838,0.0001689638,0.0005062278,0.000005848858],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001194274,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008944386,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000347839,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003511545,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9980769,0.0002637707,0.0003884282,0.0004678399,0.0002192073,0.0005839012],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988672,0.000227734,0.0001416066,0.0001716004,0.0003916063,0.0002002614],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"systematic_review","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001726393,0.001990277,0.06633869,0.8559712,0.00005328499,0.0002819336,0.01184481,5.620694e-8,0.0216966,0.004293203,0.005876297,0.03148103],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007615677,0.001249186,0.9093905,0.05666765,0.0001527157,0.0002733601,0.002672432,0.0000357433,0.0002820502,0.01753066,0.009455005,0.001529124],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9135438,0.07593752,1.517536e-8,0.007139747,0.00008891387,0.002890832,0.0001966715,0.00008508072,0.000117471],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9697368,0.02926324,0.000004151485,0.0003832653,0.000150215,0.0003889331,0.00006282263,0.000001525206,0.00000906212],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8430518,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3624881,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}