{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":1112,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":1112,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12","author_layer_release":"2026-06-26"},"query_hash":"81f432d2cd81","filters":{"topic":"Geochemistry and Elemental Analysis"}},"results":[{"id":"W2006233420","doi":"10.1038/nature10855","title":"Preservation of organic matter in sediments promoted by iron","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nature","topic":"Geochemistry and Elemental Analysis","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":1465,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University; Concordia University","funders":"","keywords":"Total organic carbon; Organic matter; Environmental chemistry; Biogeochemical cycle; Carbon fibers; Chemistry; Carbon sink; Environmental science; Geology; Oceanography; Materials science; Organic chemistry","authors":[{"name":"Karine Lalonde","is_ca":true},{"name":"Alfonso Mucci","is_ca":true},{"name":"Alexandre Ouellet","is_ca":true},{"name":"Yves Gélinas","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.003960166261410156,"gpt":0.1955969477534298,"spread":0.1916367814920196,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008865602,0.0001849416,0.0001089908,0.0005245744,0.00057212,0.0004861217,0.0001880051,0.0002845066,0.001070316],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001207554,0.0001571823,0.0001114582,0.0002597913,0.000481456,0.0002375198,0.0002060259,0.0001680024,0.0001354116],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004007562,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003196074,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005035549,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00723525,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999483,0.000004325392,0.000003087668,0.00001617583,0.000009566405,0.00001863251],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999229,0.00001010453,0.00002075134,0.000006599156,0.00002027292,0.00001936964],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0009785175,0.00002704067,0.03730832,0.00007475566,0.00003265889,0.0004109674,0.0001899662,0.0001662337,0.9551172,0.0002833561,0.00008941298,0.005321655],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002392397,0.0003120558,0.7388145,0.0000165285,0.00005609128,0.0003580294,0.0006674249,0.0006334668,0.2560824,0.0003951785,0.002630363,0.00001010388],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9982281,0.0002191657,0.0002035119,0.00002063546,0.000007041958,0.000002207837,0.0001109355,0.000007020983,0.001201454],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998534,0.0001119303,0.0001533126,0.00001150021,0.000005215179,0.000001756422,0.0001111811,0.000002559803,0.00106853],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.005035549,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01001251,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2041762395","doi":"10.1038/nature06811","title":"Tracing the stepwise oxygenation of the Proterozoic ocean","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nature","topic":"Geochemistry and Elemental Analysis","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":1080,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Montréal; University of Manitoba","funders":"Natural Environment Research Council; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; NASA Astrobiology Institute; Danmarks Grundforskningsfond; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Authigenic; Geology; Proterozoic; Weathering; Sedimentary rock; Precambrian; Biogeochemical cycle; Banded iron formation; Geologic record; Paleontology; Earth science; myr; Geochemistry; Chemistry; Environmental chemistry","authors":[{"name":"C. Scott","is_ca":false},{"name":"Timothy W. Lyons","is_ca":false},{"name":"Andrey Bekker","is_ca":true},{"name":"Yanan Shen","is_ca":true},{"name":"Simon W. Poulton","is_ca":false},{"name":"Xuelei Chu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ariel D. Anbar","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.006586412418277817,"gpt":0.1837467240030939,"spread":0.1771603115848161,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001923949,0.0001467892,0.0001280717,0.0004897917,0.0004270912,0.0006451864,0.0001647737,0.000294922,0.0005569421],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004329124,0.0001714788,0.00007112425,0.0006319288,0.0004178249,0.0003714637,0.0004371575,0.0002820647,0.00011429],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000807793,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000732159,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02608724,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.04732535,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999485,0.000007374531,0.000002724024,0.00001863415,0.00001252432,0.00001025658],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999137,0.00001982503,0.00001938208,0.000009601352,0.00002730396,0.00001018559],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003327349,0.00003856917,0.7122653,0.000105273,0.00008823664,0.00028398,0.001051888,0.003199101,0.2423719,0.004195711,0.0004090124,0.03565821],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001214447,0.00003709335,0.9734754,0.00001720578,0.00002925725,0.0001113611,0.0004660196,0.003755708,0.01558557,0.001062229,0.005440307,0.000007715462],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9965257,0.000359886,0.000748251,0.0001052355,0.000003893555,0.000004090456,0.000155607,0.00001489538,0.002082385],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987307,0.0002798184,0.0005244269,0.00002274128,0.000002298584,0.000001784211,0.00007035678,0.000004999709,0.0003628874],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02608724,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.05187076,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1998680662","doi":"10.1126/science.1140325","title":"A Whiff of Oxygen Before the Great Oxidation Event?","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Science","topic":"Geochemistry and Elemental Analysis","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":1008,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Rhenium; Geology; Geochemistry; Archean; Pyrite; Sedimentary rock; Sulfide; Molybdenum; Osmium; Early Earth; Earth science; Environmental chemistry; Chemistry; Inorganic chemistry","authors":[{"name":"Ariel D. Anbar","is_ca":true},{"name":"Yun Duan","is_ca":true},{"name":"Timothy W. Lyons","is_ca":true},{"name":"Gail Lee Arnold","is_ca":true},{"name":"Brian Kendall","is_ca":true},{"name":"Robert A. Creaser","is_ca":true},{"name":"Alan J. Kaufman","is_ca":true},{"name":"Gwyneth W. Gordon","is_ca":true},{"name":"C. Scott","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jessica Garvin","is_ca":true},{"name":"Roger Buick","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.006862989068447968,"gpt":0.218144849733067,"spread":0.211281860664619,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000717084,0.0001799182,0.0002355307,0.0003581276,0.001329529,0.001722616,0.000269592,0.001554101,0.005842597],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002518514,0.0001492765,0.0001307176,0.0003662778,0.002241066,0.003340484,0.001489406,0.001603589,0.0007684306],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001833299,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009186451,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01016746,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01825136,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999744,0.00003063743,0.00001033639,0.00007776083,0.00005950611,0.00007780705],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995253,0.00006422781,0.0001035385,0.00005350072,0.0001396777,0.0001137354],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.003741111,0.0002167917,0.1550496,0.001431771,0.0003013083,0.008367282,0.02607737,0.0009642827,0.05554474,0.2270242,0.09272378,0.4285577],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000651353,0.0006360603,0.2209841,0.0007166834,0.00008702627,0.001657674,0.01956978,0.0004365671,0.008552934,0.05835955,0.6888346,0.00009993087],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7969057,0.0268623,0.00329628,0.1084174,0.005043402,0.00003091522,0.0004220564,0.0001734522,0.05884847],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9726259,0.002953474,0.0004762567,0.006888279,0.0006993754,0.000006045725,0.0001091875,0.0000553495,0.01618615],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01016746,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02021652,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1994930702","doi":"10.1007/s10498-005-4471-8","title":"Rare Earth Element and Yttrium Variability in South East Queensland Waterways","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Aquatic Geochemistry","topic":"Geochemistry and Elemental Analysis","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":671,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Research Council Canada","keywords":"Yttrium; Estuary; Rare-earth element; Rare earth; Hydrology (agriculture); Geology; Alluvium; Sediment; Environmental science; Oceanography; Geomorphology; Mineralogy; Chemistry","authors":[{"name":"Michael G. Lawrence","is_ca":false},{"name":"Alan Greig","is_ca":false},{"name":"K. D. Collerson","is_ca":false},{"name":"Balz S. Kamber","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.006205818945389622,"gpt":0.17144637481886,"spread":0.1652405558734704,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001565041,0.0001317281,0.0002417382,0.001005459,0.0008152082,0.0005529272,0.000331211,0.0002480834,0.001097536],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00036262,0.0002346306,0.0001639916,0.001569842,0.0005008505,0.0004679053,0.0005078539,0.0002047627,0.000166009],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001898509,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007620731,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.3288193,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.4933621,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998348,0.00001567282,0.000009451625,0.0000665641,0.00003629908,0.00003719818],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996004,0.00004937189,0.0001649933,0.00001738795,0.0001191272,0.00004867659],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002731073,0.00004375325,0.9593619,0.00006046494,0.00006881141,0.0003717929,0.004453561,0.001127425,0.02655531,0.0001797236,0.000233093,0.007270981],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000001679382,0.00001831137,0.9986354,0.000002405016,0.00000606403,0.0000235379,0.0005542833,0.0001878891,0.0002713402,0.0000154416,0.0002805174,0.000003220923],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9993529,0.00002748052,0.0000392008,0.00001100479,7.115815e-7,0.000001789165,0.0001865077,0.000002101076,0.0003782091],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987257,0.00003623106,0.00006925112,0.000006374308,0.00000129419,0.000005043733,0.0001480844,0.000002049482,0.001006061],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3288193,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6538108,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2073562922","doi":"10.1038/nature12426","title":"Atmospheric oxygenation three billion years ago","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nature","topic":"Geochemistry and Elemental Analysis","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":641,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Billion years; Oxygenation; Astrobiology; Environmental science; Astronomy; Physics; Medicine; Internal medicine","authors":[{"name":"Sean A. Crowe","is_ca":true},{"name":"Lasse Nørbye Døssing","is_ca":false},{"name":"Nicolas J. Beukes","is_ca":false},{"name":"Michael Bau","is_ca":false},{"name":"Stephanus J. Kruger","is_ca":false},{"name":"Robert Frei","is_ca":false},{"name":"Donald E. Canfield","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.003755212980384957,"gpt":0.1775249878185611,"spread":0.1737697748381762,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000302374,0.0002800069,0.0001642359,0.0003359716,0.0009421217,0.0009220497,0.0001651517,0.0006139401,0.004708634],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007457361,0.0001285245,0.0001834418,0.000773612,0.0005628421,0.0007631483,0.001077135,0.0009426812,0.001481207],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001235993,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007653933,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01082918,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0171194,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998496,0.000009643204,0.000006047052,0.00005860001,0.00004860345,0.0000275122],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997945,0.00001307798,0.00003493992,0.00004194383,0.00008353595,0.00003202399],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001632762,0.0001425688,0.3023243,0.001017794,0.0006993425,0.002681151,0.00282193,0.001893703,0.1960348,0.09246783,0.0649209,0.3333629],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000246259,0.00006449153,0.2432915,0.00009847429,0.0001288428,0.0007357066,0.0005761893,0.0003619053,0.01653171,0.01058687,0.7275749,0.0000247298],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7539705,0.0229327,0.009168047,0.01982333,0.006640976,0.00006102112,0.01362386,0.001008658,0.1727709],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9166507,0.009403565,0.002944247,0.002516743,0.00122462,0.00002413522,0.005888076,0.0001445441,0.06120328],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01082918,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0215323,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2045036940","doi":"10.1038/ngeo2122","title":"Evidence for oxygenic photosynthesis half a billion years before the Great Oxidation Event","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nature Geoscience","topic":"Geochemistry and Elemental Analysis","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":607,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Photosynthesis; Atmosphere (unit); Water column; Geology; Anoxygenic photosynthesis; Oxygen; Geochemistry; Environmental chemistry; Earth science; Chemistry; Oceanography; Phototroph","authors":[{"name":"Noah J. Planavsky","is_ca":false},{"name":"Dan Asael","is_ca":false},{"name":"Axel Hofmann","is_ca":false},{"name":"Christopher T. Reinhard","is_ca":false},{"name":"Stefan V. Lalonde","is_ca":false},{"name":"Andrew Knudsen","is_ca":false},{"name":"Xiangli Wang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Frantz Ossa Ossa","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ernesto Peçoits","is_ca":true},{"name":"Albertus J.B. Smith","is_ca":false},{"name":"Nicolas J. Beukes","is_ca":false},{"name":"Andrey Bekker","is_ca":false},{"name":"Thomas M. Johnson","is_ca":false},{"name":"Kurt O. Konhauser","is_ca":true},{"name":"Timothy W. Lyons","is_ca":false},{"name":"Olivier Rouxel","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01603402890249677,"gpt":0.2447245618616446,"spread":0.2286905329591478,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005313916,0.000294601,0.0003239339,0.000571915,0.0008647108,0.001092524,0.0002927389,0.001116019,0.004250351],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001591433,0.0002298135,0.0002464564,0.0006832116,0.0007449992,0.001080167,0.001209129,0.001184302,0.0006701291],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005704677,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005597243,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.007688509,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01131717,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997935,0.00001209249,0.00001232431,0.00008270811,0.00003466077,0.00006478462],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984634,0.0002357596,0.0003329909,0.0001859333,0.0004449342,0.0003370327],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002347701,0.0002672785,0.7319347,0.0008737462,0.0007817296,0.001542401,0.002302129,0.0007220064,0.1246255,0.02232536,0.01761166,0.09466585],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003356067,0.0001044189,0.9448209,0.0001719354,0.0001274791,0.0003559807,0.0008439586,0.0002002197,0.005814411,0.004256349,0.0432417,0.00002919447],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9625596,0.007243281,0.001158397,0.008145739,0.000541536,0.00001161276,0.002616357,0.00008283407,0.01764058],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9886283,0.00324156,0.0004324657,0.002170866,0.0002703796,0.000009695381,0.002279368,0.00002440217,0.002943093],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.007688509,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01528752,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1969023317","doi":"10.1016/j.epsl.2013.12.020","title":"Trace element content of sedimentary pyrite as a new proxy for deep-time ocean–atmosphere evolution","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","topic":"Geochemistry and Elemental Analysis","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":529,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Yukon University","funders":"","keywords":"Geology; Trace element; Diagenesis; Sedimentary rock; Pyrite; Precambrian; Seawater; Proterozoic; Geochemistry; Phanerozoic; Archean; Atmosphere (unit); Deep sea; Earth science; Mineralogy; Paleontology; Oceanography; Cenozoic; Structural basin; Tectonics","authors":[{"name":"Ross R. Large","is_ca":false},{"name":"JA Halpin","is_ca":false},{"name":"L Danyushevsky","is_ca":false},{"name":"В. В. Масленников","is_ca":false},{"name":"Stuart W. Bull","is_ca":false},{"name":"John A. Long","is_ca":false},{"name":"Daniel D. Gregory","is_ca":false},{"name":"E Lounejeva","is_ca":false},{"name":"Timothy W. Lyons","is_ca":false},{"name":"Patrick J. Sack","is_ca":true},{"name":"Peter McGoldrick","is_ca":false},{"name":"Clive R. Calver","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.006536666851042005,"gpt":0.1727311368406115,"spread":0.1661944699895695,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000217526,0.000201313,0.0001714821,0.0009093449,0.0002273209,0.0007426823,0.0002358316,0.0002992101,0.0005425502],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004727986,0.000182508,0.0001719733,0.0005421935,0.0002870242,0.0005785225,0.0003758399,0.0002934881,0.000118714],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006386972,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002693184,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01070214,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01658606,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999113,0.000008018785,0.000005683653,0.00004298813,0.00002320345,0.000008742093],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998237,0.00003218696,0.00005211595,0.00002246005,0.00004413505,0.00002542291],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000589489,0.00007809025,0.6787357,0.00007646484,0.0002815454,0.0001246801,0.0002755564,0.002476612,0.2974998,0.0008881842,0.000248012,0.01872593],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003073969,0.00009319625,0.9376415,0.00000763371,0.0001049135,0.0001840739,0.0001673839,0.01425356,0.04446642,0.0004652228,0.002568706,0.00001658543],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9965184,0.0002575561,0.001719095,0.00004447118,0.00001589569,0.000002676092,0.0003525263,0.00003379674,0.001055628],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986712,0.00007637239,0.0006632385,0.000007534206,0.00000592837,0.000001281711,0.0001699192,0.000008864334,0.000395778],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01070214,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02127969,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2062900030","doi":"10.1073/pnas.1208622110","title":"Proterozoic ocean redox and biogeochemical stasis","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","topic":"Geochemistry and Elemental Analysis","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":524,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba; University of Alberta","funders":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Proterozoic; Biogeochemical cycle; Seafloor spreading; Geology; Ocean chemistry; Anoxic waters; Sedimentary rock; Early Earth; Precambrian; Earth science; Pyrite; Geologic record; Paleontology; Oceanography; Geochemistry; Chemistry; Environmental chemistry; Seawater","authors":[{"name":"Christopher T. Reinhard","is_ca":false},{"name":"Noah J. Planavsky","is_ca":false},{"name":"Leslie J. Robbins","is_ca":true},{"name":"Camille A. Partin","is_ca":true},{"name":"Benjamin C. Gill","is_ca":false},{"name":"Stefan V. Lalonde","is_ca":false},{"name":"Andrey Bekker","is_ca":true},{"name":"Kurt O. Konhauser","is_ca":true},{"name":"Timothy W. Lyons","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01943649809197761,"gpt":0.2352662494819212,"spread":0.2158297513899436,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001640326,0.0002772895,0.0002082287,0.0007067742,0.0002737198,0.0005713002,0.0001973754,0.0002816855,0.0007938324],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003939911,0.0002339801,0.0002646364,0.0007917197,0.0002462587,0.0002790707,0.0004545329,0.0001578776,0.000173304],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000968619,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004053788,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02682984,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02165341,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999373,0.000008247341,0.000005616041,0.00002676199,0.0000100835,0.00001192406],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999306,0.0000099177,0.00002247529,0.00001120328,0.00001297756,0.00001278496],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001948232,0.00002922734,0.8931925,0.0001860643,0.0003037009,0.0002999821,0.000216342,0.04257423,0.04204988,0.003723227,0.0007549241,0.01647514],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001709193,0.00004103925,0.9616385,0.00001898065,0.00005772793,0.0001041743,0.0001402942,0.02668783,0.002301333,0.003212808,0.005759988,0.00002019494],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9961273,0.0004769105,0.0004269262,0.00008022661,0.000002588653,0.000003347542,0.00150259,0.00004007758,0.001340096],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998193,0.0003921834,0.0002503485,0.00001722269,0.000002145271,0.000002528967,0.0009629219,0.000005286108,0.0001744318],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02682984,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.05334735,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2046892047","doi":"10.1016/j.chemgeo.2013.10.027","title":"Quantifying chemical weathering intensity and trace element release from two contrasting basalt profiles, Deccan Traps, India","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Geology","topic":"Geochemistry and Elemental Analysis","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":519,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Laurentian University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Trinity College Dublin; Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland; Geological Society of London","keywords":"Weathering; Basalt; Geology; Trace element; Earth science; Geochemistry; Deccan Traps; Paleontology; Tectonics","authors":[{"name":"Michael G. Babechuk","is_ca":true},{"name":"Mike Widdowson","is_ca":false},{"name":"Balz S. Kamber","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0145813037839798,"gpt":0.2115168758517189,"spread":0.1969355720677391,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006428055,0.0002066653,0.0001821878,0.0007720414,0.0007900824,0.0007210652,0.0004797996,0.000301052,0.0003889626],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001581309,0.0002155818,0.0001497933,0.001077048,0.0003234504,0.000228471,0.0002865122,0.0002212273,0.0001246946],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005606309,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005699201,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.1034204,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.2404571,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999151,0.000003302888,0.000004798511,0.00002944742,0.00002463457,0.00002266208],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998919,0.00001275674,0.00001761638,0.00000775311,0.00005277628,0.00001710205],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005330007,0.0001420418,0.7905633,0.00007452322,0.00009373677,0.0004593468,0.002030032,0.001489262,0.1918618,0.0002154719,0.0001852029,0.01235231],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000008120398,0.00006322077,0.9832317,0.000005450243,0.00004671376,0.0001377885,0.001494261,0.00164135,0.01273874,0.00003335382,0.0005885108,0.000010679],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9992582,0.00001328577,0.00009507628,0.000004117408,9.020461e-7,0.000003243415,0.0001464957,0.000006331147,0.000472297],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991121,0.00002486064,0.0002137502,0.000005207778,7.001135e-7,0.000003564749,0.0002632997,0.000004103138,0.0003724892],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1034204,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2056369,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2158909637","doi":"10.1016/j.gca.2004.03.031","title":"Lithium isotopic composition and concentration of the upper continental crust","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","topic":"Geochemistry and Elemental Analysis","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":518,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Royal Canadian Mounted Police","funders":"","keywords":"Geology; Continental crust; Crust; Geochemistry; Weathering; Lithology; Sedimentary rock; Isotope fractionation; Loess; Chemical composition; Mantle (geology); Mineralogy; Fractionation; Geomorphology; Chemistry","authors":[{"name":"Fang‐Zhen Teng","is_ca":false},{"name":"W. F. McDonough","is_ca":false},{"name":"Roberta L. Rudnick","is_ca":false},{"name":"Claude Dalpé","is_ca":true},{"name":"Paul B. Tomascak","is_ca":false},{"name":"B. W. Chappell","is_ca":false},{"name":"Shan Gao","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.006736530548778683,"gpt":0.1978949956805759,"spread":0.1911584651317972,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001114617,0.0002180257,0.0002356179,0.001145475,0.0003940199,0.0007485871,0.0003001081,0.0003293388,0.001287561],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000321911,0.0001989392,0.0001640531,0.0009126193,0.0004331991,0.0003606175,0.0003931886,0.0001474904,0.0003839391],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000820399,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003499256,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02677554,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01702972,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999367,0.000004615742,0.000008089315,0.00002252735,0.00001441459,0.00001361739],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998825,0.00001337701,0.00002761449,0.00001207558,0.00004035061,0.00002405555],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00256829,0.00006203487,0.6422015,0.000158797,0.0002465597,0.0004164198,0.0007168935,0.00314061,0.3197631,0.0006669218,0.000308032,0.02975074],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002476282,0.000103782,0.9735872,0.00001495541,0.00006257425,0.0002016111,0.0002536144,0.002134012,0.02126167,0.0001458011,0.002192799,0.00001720331],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9984413,0.0003174053,0.00004370177,0.00001819469,0.000001139072,8.5863e-7,0.0002830105,0.000009261017,0.0008850305],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986832,0.0001318581,0.00005641924,0.000009948742,0.000002146926,9.685485e-7,0.0003947343,0.000003881054,0.0007167769],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02677554,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.05323941,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2053767451","doi":"10.1038/nature07858","title":"Oceanic nickel depletion and a methanogen famine before the Great Oxidation Event","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nature","topic":"Geochemistry and Elemental Analysis","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":505,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Laurentian University; University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Precambrian; Nickel; Methane; Ultramafic rock; Geology; Atmospheric methane; Geochemistry; Early Earth; Archean; Weathering; Environmental chemistry; Earth science; Chemistry; Oceanography; Greenhouse gas","authors":[{"name":"Kurt O. Konhauser","is_ca":true},{"name":"Ernesto Peçoits","is_ca":true},{"name":"Stefan V. Lalonde","is_ca":true},{"name":"Dominic Papineau","is_ca":false},{"name":"Euan Nisbet","is_ca":false},{"name":"Mark Barley","is_ca":false},{"name":"Nicholas Arndt","is_ca":false},{"name":"Kevin Zahnle","is_ca":false},{"name":"Balz S. Kamber","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.004575409207034065,"gpt":0.2097286879151128,"spread":0.2051532787080787,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004652596,0.0002631899,0.0005168163,0.0005351127,0.001521541,0.001268593,0.0003431462,0.001176529,0.001759519],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001072588,0.0003670685,0.0003173986,0.0005991414,0.001293769,0.0007871625,0.001438979,0.0009196614,0.0002402662],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001987237,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001292276,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.052394,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0840435,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998451,0.00001294297,0.00001063043,0.00004783831,0.00002258009,0.00006085704],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994845,0.0000626922,0.0001005447,0.00005946456,0.0001348169,0.0001578471],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.006188408,0.0002121951,0.8386734,0.0002203387,0.0003668089,0.002780437,0.002717046,0.0009229598,0.1339324,0.001552424,0.001062881,0.01137072],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002793025,0.0001169218,0.9914079,0.00001651313,0.00004343189,0.00009202355,0.001118278,0.0001555654,0.00466947,0.0002311474,0.002109496,0.00001127636],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.997098,0.0002838964,0.00005270963,0.0005275469,0.00001702414,0.000004381209,0.0001322889,0.000007261242,0.001876941],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989426,0.0001012452,0.00003764495,0.0001122035,0.000016138,0.000002485508,0.0001371113,0.000002799002,0.0006476636],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.052394,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1041781,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2330293686","doi":"10.2113/gselements.8.5.355","title":"Hydrothermal Mobilisation of the Rare Earth Elements - a Tale of \"Ceria\" and \"Yttria\"","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Elements","topic":"Geochemistry and Elemental Analysis","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":484,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Windsor; McGill University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Rare earth; Hydrothermal circulation; Rare-earth element; Yttria-stabilized zirconia; Hydrothermal synthesis; Materials science; Geology; Astrobiology; Geochemistry; Metallurgy; Physics; Cubic zirconia; Paleontology","authors":[{"name":"Anthony E. Williams‐Jones","is_ca":true},{"name":"Artas Migdisov","is_ca":true},{"name":"Iain M. Samson","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01001325746066068,"gpt":0.2024471257344738,"spread":0.1924338682738131,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009567312,0.0001292626,0.0001572357,0.0001717822,0.0001553087,0.0004297344,0.00016671,0.0001973323,0.001079641],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002852344,0.000115571,0.00016439,0.0001281505,0.0003371549,0.0004196823,0.0003086039,0.000339506,0.0002680166],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002052299,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001843789,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008433737,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001276558,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999502,0.000004022177,0.000003133443,0.00001794481,0.00001428697,0.00001051432],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999572,0.000008606429,0.000009005202,0.00000891263,0.000009344391,0.00000687761],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006924422,0.000005038328,0.000613004,0.00006838211,0.000009359594,0.00009231555,0.00008920537,0.0001126593,0.9941735,0.0007102726,0.00005471159,0.00400239],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001015019,0.00008422245,0.003843722,0.00000698564,0.00001834994,0.0003057113,0.0001581619,0.000580682,0.9899898,0.0003283212,0.004667331,0.000006623357],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9922324,0.001003128,0.002802824,0.0001283613,0.00002833339,0.00001177679,0.0001412456,0.00007404028,0.003577798],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9952572,0.0003337188,0.001563898,0.00002821078,0.000004864882,0.000004796461,0.0001032849,0.0000233034,0.002680704],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001079641,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003611803,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2081666363","doi":"10.1016/j.marchem.2005.11.007","title":"The behaviour of the rare earth elements during estuarine mixing—revisited","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Marine Chemistry","topic":"Geochemistry and Elemental Analysis","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":371,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Laurentian University","funders":"","keywords":"Estuary; Rare-earth element; Salinity; Geology; Oceanography; Remineralisation; Endmember; Biogeochemistry; Biogeochemical cycle; Mixing (physics); Seawater; Rare earth; Mineralogy; Environmental science; Environmental chemistry; Chemistry","authors":[{"name":"Michael G. Lawrence","is_ca":false},{"name":"Balz S. Kamber","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.003168791267228775,"gpt":0.166433484939051,"spread":0.1632646936718222,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005915355,0.0002528925,0.0003926956,0.0005340977,0.0005265466,0.001133328,0.0004195069,0.0007482836,0.001161294],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001092421,0.0003038823,0.00024684,0.0005776302,0.0005837434,0.001277049,0.0007434528,0.0005776927,0.0003226115],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004624847,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002736061,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.008359865,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01191247,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999032,0.00001834528,0.000007419555,0.00003730397,0.00001385678,0.00001996892],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995906,0.0001404751,0.0001025309,0.00004539121,0.0000924053,0.00002875662],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001836331,0.0000740633,0.268931,0.0003180011,0.0002110777,0.0007108152,0.00252146,0.002834563,0.6401033,0.005955512,0.0008272069,0.07567662],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002237356,0.000453078,0.8982199,0.0000976244,0.0001024275,0.0006102863,0.002712825,0.006141099,0.07479036,0.002921292,0.01387259,0.00005610922],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9841933,0.005828205,0.002583103,0.0007924192,0.00005283341,0.00000612556,0.000198839,0.00004355119,0.006301708],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9952946,0.001887663,0.0003747893,0.0001089647,0.00002260814,0.000003466178,0.00008787012,0.00001993773,0.002200128],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.008359865,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01662242,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2094485738","doi":"10.1038/nature10511","title":"Aerobic bacterial pyrite oxidation and acid rock drainage during the Great Oxidation Event","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nature","topic":"Geochemistry and Elemental Analysis","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":359,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba; Lakehead University; University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Pyrite; Authigenic; Geology; Weathering; Sedimentary rock; Precambrian; Geochemistry; Anoxic waters; Geologic record; Environmental chemistry; Mineralogy; Chemistry; Oceanography","authors":[{"name":"Kurt O. Konhauser","is_ca":true},{"name":"Stefan V. Lalonde","is_ca":true},{"name":"Noah J. Planavsky","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ernesto Peçoits","is_ca":true},{"name":"Timothy W. Lyons","is_ca":false},{"name":"S. J. Mojzsis","is_ca":false},{"name":"Olivier Rouxel","is_ca":false},{"name":"Mark Barley","is_ca":false},{"name":"Carlos Alberto Rosière","is_ca":false},{"name":"Phillip W. Fralick","is_ca":true},{"name":"Lee R. Kump","is_ca":false},{"name":"Andrey Bekker","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.005792773115119313,"gpt":0.1815200287621209,"spread":0.1757272556470016,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001936946,0.0002411535,0.000335191,0.0005434441,0.001040253,0.0008472141,0.0002686882,0.0007345848,0.000593784],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003183259,0.0003336129,0.0001774324,0.0004504798,0.0008253884,0.0004036164,0.0006998316,0.0004291899,0.0001368372],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009848075,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000601879,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02978221,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.04243473,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998724,0.00001220798,0.000006300089,0.00003355835,0.00003132543,0.00004408083],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999842,0.00002140712,0.00003066335,0.000008669822,0.00003739747,0.00005975044],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002143714,0.000278347,0.7205759,0.00005274771,0.00008943897,0.00149557,0.001993921,0.0005677356,0.2669865,0.0002335721,0.0002301299,0.005352495],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000117373,0.00009257404,0.9955047,0.000002207534,0.000009527,0.00008035237,0.0004963856,0.0002629078,0.003249215,0.00003494896,0.0002516018,0.000003853663],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9996216,0.00002065054,0.00001635021,0.00001763552,0.000001629432,0.000001872516,0.00003398103,0.000001440651,0.0002847849],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995691,0.0000276015,0.00002718275,0.00001372435,0.000004437479,0.000002178236,0.00006969755,0.000001100395,0.0002850738],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02978221,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.05921769,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2143905584","doi":"10.1126/science.1161925","title":"Neodymium-142 Evidence for Hadean Mafic Crust","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Science","topic":"Geochemistry and Elemental Analysis","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":355,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"McGill University; Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Hadean; Mafic; Isochron; Neodymium; Geochemistry; Geology; Granulite; Crust; Felsic; Physics; Geomorphology","authors":[{"name":"Jonathan OʼNeil","is_ca":true},{"name":"Richard W. Carlson","is_ca":true},{"name":"D. Francis","is_ca":true},{"name":"Ross Stevenson","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.09480272723457192,"gpt":0.2801433707760871,"spread":0.1853406435415152,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002367503,0.0002646718,0.0002306243,0.001577678,0.0009255704,0.001124424,0.0004697333,0.0002875981,0.00563167],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006961779,0.0001840522,0.0001577569,0.001505934,0.0007043314,0.0002334633,0.0005935364,0.0002251863,0.0006772132],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.005233487,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0024409,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.7199163,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.8817831,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997895,0.000008503981,0.00001313075,0.0000499467,0.0000700887,0.00006878375],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994574,0.00002827893,0.00007029726,0.00004373769,0.0003171178,0.00008309333],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003205022,0.00002421144,0.8276622,0.0001397521,0.0001184852,0.0005758752,0.00137749,0.0004204299,0.1274945,0.002334831,0.001327834,0.03820392],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000006410993,0.00001088197,0.9904022,0.00001837691,0.00001169318,0.0001504444,0.0002793926,0.000105297,0.002703449,0.00008642494,0.006218331,0.000007143915],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9729796,0.001350101,0.0004417634,0.0001906099,0.00001618119,0.00001217602,0.002118229,0.00004299466,0.02284833],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9943286,0.0002442093,0.0003140938,0.00005871513,0.000002756429,0.000003818501,0.00100345,0.00001341735,0.004031135],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7199163,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5634662,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2088244679","doi":"10.1111/j.1061-2971.2004.00367.x","title":"Research Priorities for Conservation of Metallophyte Biodiversity and their Potential for Restoration and Site Remediation","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Restoration Ecology","topic":"Geochemistry and Elemental Analysis","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":346,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Environment and Climate Change Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Environmental remediation; Threatened species; Revegetation; Phytoremediation; Environmental planning; Biodiversity; Restoration ecology; Environmental resource management; Resource (disambiguation); Resource Conservation and Recovery Act; Native plant; Business; Environmental science; Environmental protection; Land reclamation; Ecology; Introduced species; Biology; Computer science; Hazardous waste; Habitat; Soil water","authors":[{"name":"Steven N. Whiting","is_ca":false},{"name":"Roger D. Reeves","is_ca":false},{"name":"D. Richards","is_ca":false},{"name":"Matthew S. Johnson","is_ca":false},{"name":"J. A. Cooke","is_ca":false},{"name":"François Malaisse","is_ca":false},{"name":"Alan Paton","is_ca":false},{"name":"J. Andrew C. Smith","is_ca":false},{"name":"J. S. Angle","is_ca":false},{"name":"Rufus L. Chaney","is_ca":false},{"name":"Rosanna Ginocchio","is_ca":false},{"name":"Tanguy Jaffré","is_ca":false},{"name":"R. J. Johns","is_ca":false},{"name":"Terry McIntyre","is_ca":true},{"name":"O. W. Purvis","is_ca":false},{"name":"David E. Salt","is_ca":false},{"name":"Henk Schat","is_ca":false},{"name":"Fang‐Jie Zhao","is_ca":false},{"name":"Alan J. M. Baker","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03040814135822718,"gpt":0.2526330728358652,"spread":0.222224931477638,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.008347434,0.0007141239,0.001312535,0.001650561,0.002501341,0.007631051,0.00236753,0.007725216,0.01378891],"category_scores_gemma":[0.006753083,0.0002669702,0.0006177712,0.002159908,0.005151098,0.008305474,0.003802359,0.00449976,0.001729717],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.003631501,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.02207472,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003785138,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006098631,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9968095,0.001270596,0.0001465519,0.0004490821,0.0006709807,0.0006532732],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.988544,0.003557957,0.001267812,0.0005602576,0.003386564,0.002683421],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000522325,0.0006054294,0.0149229,0.01099527,0.0001895525,0.001899453,0.004333372,0.003055569,0.02704493,0.1850234,0.09571175,0.655696],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00005635101,0.0007853574,0.01576782,0.006863119,0.0001646875,0.001816822,0.03757995,0.002573134,0.005823471,0.2392504,0.6891569,0.0001620088],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.03496956,0.3097502,0.01770548,0.5917886,0.003772421,0.000214203,0.0003848715,0.000213592,0.04120109],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.4632633,0.4088145,0.04969839,0.05109161,0.00502979,0.0004731313,0.0007707443,0.00008067166,0.02077792],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01378891,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.04612851,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1966412956","doi":"10.1021/es061040r","title":"Mechanisms of Gold Bioaccumulation by Filamentous Cyanobacteria from Gold(III)−Chloride Complex","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Science & Technology","topic":"Geochemistry and Elemental Analysis","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":312,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University; Western University","funders":"Basic Energy Sciences; U.S. Department of Energy","keywords":"Colloidal gold; Cyanobacteria; Chemistry; Bioaccumulation; X-ray absorption spectroscopy; Chloride; Sulfide; Aqueous solution; Metal; Inorganic chemistry; Nuclear chemistry; Absorption spectroscopy; Nanoparticle; Nanotechnology; Materials science; Environmental chemistry; Organic chemistry","authors":[{"name":"Maggy F. Lengke","is_ca":true},{"name":"Bruce Ravel","is_ca":true},{"name":"Michael E. Fleet","is_ca":true},{"name":"Gregory Wanger","is_ca":true},{"name":"R. A. Gordon","is_ca":true},{"name":"Gordon Southam","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.005546375162640099,"gpt":0.1787032068962029,"spread":0.1731568317335628,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001978089,0.0003150771,0.000292615,0.0001535557,0.0002826464,0.0003282646,0.0002344394,0.0003458223,0.0003338792],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002048303,0.0001883736,0.0001702501,0.0001031682,0.0002779517,0.0002214998,0.0002883259,0.0002328187,0.0001486891],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006914476,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002078843,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002396213,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002156781,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999871,0.00002031,0.000009852365,0.0000214056,0.00005388479,0.00002351829],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999182,0.00002136058,0.00002003203,0.000007194145,0.00002351318,0.000009731747],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002653647,0.000004028453,0.0005770696,0.00002407246,0.000002907635,0.00003914108,0.00003464832,0.000155231,0.9983786,0.0000714266,0.00001668569,0.0006696697],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000007977296,0.00007637969,0.004274468,0.000002217232,0.000004975643,0.00006551557,0.00006557445,0.001291739,0.9937557,0.00008889491,0.0003591691,0.000007338567],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9981093,0.0002673359,0.0009407618,0.00005910528,0.00000336569,0.00001668552,0.0000626352,0.00003860595,0.0005022286],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9980649,0.0001835846,0.001051406,0.00003520128,0.000002238903,0.00001997291,0.00007243031,0.000007815837,0.0005624283],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.002396213,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005016804,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2076179867","doi":"10.1007/s00126-014-0554-z","title":"Hydrothermal transport and deposition of the rare earth elements by fluorine-bearing aqueous liquids","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Mineralium Deposita","topic":"Geochemistry and Elemental Analysis","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":301,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Hydrothermal circulation; Chloride; Fluoride; Rare-earth element; Geology; Deposition (geology); Solubility; Geochemistry; Aqueous solution; Rare earth; Chemistry; Mineralogy; Inorganic chemistry","authors":[{"name":"Artas Migdisov","is_ca":true},{"name":"Anthony E. Williams‐Jones","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.003972706155760928,"gpt":0.1673036447685352,"spread":0.1633309386127743,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001010695,0.0001476791,0.000129105,0.0001758829,0.0002170118,0.00056034,0.0002363877,0.0001942495,0.0008380349],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002470404,0.0001309044,0.00011805,0.00009549602,0.0002726665,0.0004151254,0.0001777545,0.0002214462,0.000180763],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006475195,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002038429,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005934539,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004260937,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999578,0.00000450728,0.000002598473,0.00001225145,0.000008519758,0.00001436405],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999511,0.00002038673,0.00001093224,0.000003812158,0.000008452045,0.000005255341],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003146703,0.00001902953,0.002739263,0.00005035839,0.00001038731,0.0001202456,0.0001128575,0.0004662587,0.9913099,0.001106266,0.00008094492,0.003669802],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000243579,0.0001326996,0.003256431,0.000004079537,0.000009023354,0.00007602222,0.0001119225,0.004351242,0.9908561,0.0001358432,0.001034883,0.000007481865],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9984862,0.0001611743,0.0004102727,0.00001969589,0.000003425551,0.000002578261,0.0000611877,0.000009857175,0.0008455857],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9981363,0.0001374222,0.0004176831,0.000004011299,0.000002594833,0.000001739529,0.00005473624,0.000005275428,0.001240192],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.005934539,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01179999,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2046007293","doi":"10.1126/science.1241396","title":"Abundant Porewater Mn(III) Is a Major Component of the Sedimentary Redox System","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Science","topic":"Geochemistry and Elemental Analysis","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":298,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Rimouski; McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Redox; Anoxic waters; Dissolution; Manganese; Environmental chemistry; Abiotic component; Dissolved organic carbon; Sediment; Chemistry; Sedimentary rock; Mineral redox buffer; Inorganic chemistry; Geology; Oxygen; Geochemistry; Geomorphology","authors":[{"name":"Andrew S. Madison","is_ca":false},{"name":"Bradley M. Tebo","is_ca":false},{"name":"Alfonso Mucci","is_ca":true},{"name":"Bjørn Sundby","is_ca":true},{"name":"George W. Luther","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.004505641555405908,"gpt":0.169886590274764,"spread":0.1653809487193581,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00005881906,0.0002161497,0.000140297,0.000233852,0.0004072921,0.0005404959,0.0002923819,0.0001679142,0.0009071126],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009482434,0.0001018181,0.00006508903,0.0003061225,0.000296431,0.0002233325,0.0001882822,0.0001571799,0.0001792393],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001824927,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00140621,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.27005,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.4670036,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999375,0.000001764633,0.000002466828,0.0000265921,0.00001864216,0.00001295741],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999523,0.000002764592,0.00001133338,0.000002865024,0.00002034958,0.00001030469],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005309516,0.00001717055,0.06008475,0.0001772893,0.00003743686,0.0001781601,0.0001424083,0.000643741,0.9161136,0.0006864783,0.0003850723,0.02148071],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001282466,0.0001400225,0.7601622,0.00003485048,0.0000543053,0.000402918,0.0005013427,0.003508395,0.2076178,0.001160119,0.02637481,0.00003038458],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9864962,0.001778453,0.005760033,0.0002129635,0.00001434625,0.00003018731,0.001551222,0.0001690822,0.003987597],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.995663,0.0005747342,0.001493121,0.00003076159,0.000003467765,0.000004018315,0.0004434498,0.000007789602,0.001779713],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.27005,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5369562,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3085497393","doi":"10.5194/bg-18-1269-2021","title":"Reviews and syntheses: The biogeochemical cycle of silicon in the modern ocean","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biogeosciences","topic":"Geochemistry and Elemental Analysis","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":288,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades; Agence Nationale de la Recherche; University of Victoria","keywords":"Biogeochemical cycle; Silicic acid; Biogenic silica; Environmental science; Pelagic zone; Benthic zone; Carbon cycle; Oceanography; Environmental chemistry; Chemistry; Diatom; Ecology; Geology; Biology; Ecosystem","authors":[{"name":"Paul Tréguer","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jill Sutton","is_ca":false},{"name":"Mark A. Brzezinski","is_ca":false},{"name":"Matthew A. Charette","is_ca":false},{"name":"Tim DeVries","is_ca":false},{"name":"Stephanie Dutkiewicz","is_ca":false},{"name":"Claudia Ehlert","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jon Hawkings","is_ca":false},{"name":"Aude Leynaert","is_ca":false},{"name":"Sumei Liu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Natalia Llopis Monferrer","is_ca":false},{"name":"María López‐Acosta","is_ca":false},{"name":"Manuel Maldonado","is_ca":false},{"name":"Shaily Rahman","is_ca":false},{"name":"Lihua Ran","is_ca":false},{"name":"Olivier Rouxel","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02082126384896091,"gpt":0.2250514957809765,"spread":0.2042302319320156,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001214828,0.002278616,0.00227614,0.006721601,0.0003915459,0.002316385,0.000979144,0.001168976,0.0218232],"category_scores_gemma":[0.006596749,0.0005660674,0.001035385,0.01195758,0.0006625604,0.002102707,0.001089268,0.001851853,0.009066118],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001840789,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.004156844,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003019239,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00387653,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991541,0.0001158685,0.0001823314,0.000177163,0.0003139278,0.00005656434],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9951783,0.002485133,0.0006940982,0.0002125974,0.001215538,0.00021428],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001479624,0.00005616379,0.0005359838,0.1075028,0.0006270052,0.0002439269,0.0002735446,0.001518384,0.0033364,0.00850975,0.3296726,0.5475755],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001068658,0.00002585078,0.00102527,0.01006521,0.0002141706,0.0001364345,0.00006307531,0.00009241394,0.0003770692,0.002149578,0.9858133,0.00002694384],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0002375774,0.982931,0.0005901,0.001580585,0.006889687,0.00002602332,0.0009007338,0.00008066268,0.006763672],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.001772209,0.9874161,0.0009975667,0.00104069,0.004347186,0.00005005875,0.001006758,0.00004315141,0.003326312],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0218232,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.07300586,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2092802537","doi":"10.1016/j.epsl.2007.03.026","title":"Decoupling photochemical Fe(II) oxidation from shallow-water BIF deposition","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","topic":"Geochemistry and Elemental Analysis","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":286,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Banded iron formation; Ferrous; Precambrian; Abiogenic petroleum origin; Hydrous ferric oxides; Hydrothermal vent; Anoxic waters; Seawater; Geology; Ferric; Chemistry; Hydrothermal circulation; Environmental chemistry; Photochemistry; Inorganic chemistry; Geochemistry; Methane; Oceanography","authors":[{"name":"Kurt O. Konhauser","is_ca":true},{"name":"Larry Amskold","is_ca":true},{"name":"Stefan V. Lalonde","is_ca":true},{"name":"Nicole R. Posth","is_ca":false},{"name":"Andreas Kappler","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ariel D. Anbar","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.005685765641630897,"gpt":0.1799973457750241,"spread":0.1743115801333932,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009967935,0.0002418,0.000327041,0.0001349343,0.0003597358,0.0003748832,0.000204389,0.0003838095,0.00133661],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003374705,0.0002630727,0.0001507717,0.0001968501,0.0002532534,0.0004521294,0.0003187143,0.0006542908,0.0001454075],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009637493,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000788705,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.03872171,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.05379203,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999946,0.000001909638,0.000001839882,0.00001807454,0.000009318577,0.00002295477],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999381,0.00001659892,0.000008291076,0.000008889879,0.00001792959,0.00001016601],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000718577,0.00002174008,0.01348139,0.00007695283,0.00002597452,0.00004984418,0.00007103893,0.0004985269,0.9746342,0.000345089,0.0002067046,0.009869949],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00007777507,0.0001182592,0.2599859,0.00001567869,0.00006635714,0.00007932735,0.0001800502,0.009707307,0.7261835,0.0007841704,0.002776853,0.00002473296],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9950948,0.0002389864,0.002567121,0.0001294402,0.00002546063,0.00001029252,0.0005126307,0.00008188844,0.001339334],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9979845,0.0001274389,0.0008754187,0.00005981077,0.000004628657,0.000006678125,0.0002729731,0.00001971808,0.0006487038],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03872171,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.07699263,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2076100780","doi":"10.1046/j.1529-8817.2001.037002298.x","title":"REDUCTION AND TRANSPORT OF ORGANICALLY BOUND IRON BY <i>THALASSIOSIRA OCEANICA</i> (BACILLARIOPHYCEAE)","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Phycology","topic":"Geochemistry and Elemental Analysis","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":279,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Siderophore; Chelation; Reductase; Redox; Biology; Seawater; Nuclear chemistry; Inorganic chemistry; Chemistry; Enzyme; Biochemistry","authors":[{"name":"María T. Maldonado","is_ca":true},{"name":"Neil M. Price","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.004713246008006343,"gpt":0.1872617725649159,"spread":0.1825485265569095,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001262335,0.0005662353,0.0003145936,0.00018333,0.0002494151,0.0005276884,0.0003368761,0.0002287993,0.0003175282],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001071261,0.0001951446,0.000292086,0.0002939902,0.0001968947,0.0002405018,0.0003228518,0.0002993126,0.0001951926],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005188769,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002543709,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01398601,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.007094315,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999206,0.000005065715,0.000008116973,0.00002918213,0.00001358558,0.00002345834],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999388,0.000006645789,0.00001820867,0.000006813896,0.00001300108,0.00001641616],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005517355,0.000009325786,0.004281389,0.0000433546,0.00001005626,0.00007403794,0.00009813561,0.00007508333,0.9915106,0.00005513315,0.00001606708,0.003771566],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003824246,0.001034345,0.3156365,0.00002838528,0.000135924,0.001178271,0.0006140381,0.002377569,0.6704086,0.000174723,0.008326767,0.00004661794],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9985614,0.0004495131,0.0003351013,0.00001744604,0.00000370217,0.000007066393,0.0001255624,0.00001674071,0.0004833728],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9952503,0.0006045389,0.001346517,0.00002866695,0.000003977129,0.00001273094,0.0008327948,0.00001253426,0.001907774],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01398601,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0278092,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2168628209","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-3091.2008.01041.x","title":"Rare earth element geochemistry of scleractinian coral skeleton during meteoric diagenesis: a sequence through neomorphism of aragonite to calcite","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Sedimentology","topic":"Geochemistry and Elemental Analysis","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":277,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Laurentian University","funders":"","keywords":"Aragonite; Diagenesis; Geology; Calcite; Rare-earth element; Geochemistry; Carbonate; Mineralogy; Rare earth; Chemistry","authors":[{"name":"Gregory E. Webb","is_ca":false},{"name":"Luke D. Nothdurft","is_ca":false},{"name":"Balz S. Kamber","is_ca":true},{"name":"J. Theo Kloprogge","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jian‐xin Zhao","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02920493379995579,"gpt":0.2419979309561047,"spread":0.2127929971561489,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008626003,0.0001710402,0.0001064623,0.0009654283,0.0002768929,0.0003450008,0.0001231871,0.0001628584,0.0007787258],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001713745,0.0001259159,0.0000966932,0.0003857057,0.0002490453,0.0001223153,0.0002042707,0.0001232429,0.0001182894],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003276118,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002095783,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01977611,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.04306879,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999496,0.000004487102,0.000003958019,0.00001799144,0.00001356419,0.00001044473],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998363,0.000009041363,0.00005691366,0.000006157882,0.00006070712,0.00003083472],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000399857,0.00002134895,0.5260392,0.00005260963,0.00003669362,0.0003284027,0.0006289236,0.000138827,0.4640419,0.00006224533,0.00009572985,0.00815433],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000001778496,0.00005581426,0.9954289,0.000001895116,0.000005471058,0.00009600921,0.000146541,0.00007053707,0.003839759,0.00000653078,0.000344722,0.000001998402],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9992797,0.0000727164,0.00004678426,0.000006205569,5.932551e-7,0.000003397866,0.0001395908,0.000004466649,0.0004465233],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990802,0.00006432975,0.0001277684,0.000008203083,7.629714e-7,0.00000359273,0.0002191077,0.000002671515,0.0004934169],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01977611,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03932202,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1995185530","doi":"10.1007/bf02901743","title":"Dynamics of sediment resuspension and the conceptual schema of nutrient release in the large shallow Lake Taihu, China","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chinese Science Bulletin","topic":"Geochemistry and Elemental Analysis","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":265,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Ministry of Transportation of Ontario","funders":"","keywords":"Sediment; Hydrology (agriculture); Nutrient; Geology; Shear stress; Waves and shallow water; Environmental science; Geomorphology; Oceanography; Geotechnical engineering; Ecology","authors":[{"name":"Boqiang Qin","is_ca":false},{"name":"Weiping Hu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Guang Gao","is_ca":false},{"name":"Liancong Luo","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jinshan Zhang","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.003834870850998683,"gpt":0.1972889835187614,"spread":0.1934541126677627,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004444111,0.0002072757,0.0002075001,0.001135804,0.0007412289,0.001742275,0.0006778109,0.0003684496,0.001319861],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001371357,0.0002679108,0.0002549969,0.001559249,0.001255075,0.001375586,0.0006699159,0.0002455216,0.0000667647],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.004060234,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002051531,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.1266063,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.1419313,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998986,0.00001467588,0.00001205656,0.00003350793,0.00001851101,0.0000227688],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995952,0.00008893262,0.0001193956,0.00002136896,0.0001106733,0.00006443563],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003055027,0.0001459374,0.8729767,0.00009899991,0.0001217678,0.0009177746,0.004480236,0.03919604,0.01130722,0.05025216,0.001020352,0.01917736],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002937066,0.00005774743,0.8939733,0.00001493042,0.00006295227,0.00008992566,0.002892556,0.09281604,0.0006270425,0.008352036,0.001042466,0.00004171416],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9980053,0.00004833822,0.000514822,0.0001886497,0.000002520402,0.000006590214,0.0001355246,0.000009962472,0.001088357],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995921,0.00002667515,0.0001663233,0.000005377729,0.000001233043,0.000003302275,0.00005157613,0.000001765262,0.0001515291],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1266063,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2517388,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2031076000","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2005.11.008","title":"Heavy metals in coastal water systems. A case study from the northwestern Gulf of Thailand","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemosphere","topic":"Geochemistry and Elemental Analysis","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":265,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Research Council Canada","keywords":"Estuary; Heavy metals; Vanadium; Environmental science; Particulates; Contamination; Environmental chemistry; Coastal zone; Nickel; Oceanography; Geology; Chemistry; Ecology","authors":[{"name":"P. Censi","is_ca":false},{"name":"Sebastiano Ettore Spoto","is_ca":false},{"name":"Filippo Saiano","is_ca":false},{"name":"Mario Sprovieri","is_ca":false},{"name":"Salvatore Mazzola","is_ca":false},{"name":"G. Nardone","is_ca":false},{"name":"S. I. Di Geronimo","is_ca":false},{"name":"Rosalda Punturo","is_ca":false},{"name":"Dario Ottonello","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.00992233344835278,"gpt":0.1938951294026389,"spread":0.1839727959542861,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002432099,0.0003907936,0.0001803799,0.0007874408,0.001479282,0.000873116,0.0003743287,0.0005621773,0.0007095609],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005662515,0.0002172667,0.0002833045,0.002202347,0.000837888,0.0004643516,0.0008036466,0.000294888,0.00007379506],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001689273,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001131558,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.167697,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.2391349,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998032,0.00005231272,0.00001673562,0.00002807325,0.00004117966,0.00005846021],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996576,0.0001118192,0.00008253693,0.00001832761,0.00006651639,0.00006320033],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004047184,0.0002690617,0.8863614,0.0004141615,0.0001456863,0.05570301,0.01814566,0.005243903,0.008868551,0.0005114273,0.0004886636,0.02344369],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00006593103,0.0009445242,0.823197,0.0001174357,0.0003112736,0.01578344,0.1317506,0.009315872,0.01006709,0.0006260787,0.007744227,0.00007649198],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9990363,0.00007361332,0.00008408789,0.00003350452,0.000001096447,0.000008560702,0.00007064337,0.000001794298,0.0006904504],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989517,0.0002206043,0.0001813248,0.00001166703,0.000001423944,0.000002921604,0.00006208412,9.448316e-7,0.0005672625],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.167697,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3334418,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2039561509","doi":"10.1016/j.chemgeo.2005.02.009","title":"Adsorption of rare earth elements onto bacterial cell walls and its implication for REE sorption onto natural microbial mats","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Geology","topic":"Geochemistry and Elemental Analysis","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":264,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Adsorption; Sorption; Chemistry; Bacteria; Environmental chemistry; Bacterial cell structure; Microbial mat; Mineralogy; Biology; Cyanobacteria","authors":[{"name":"Yoshio Takahashi","is_ca":false},{"name":"Xavier Châtellier","is_ca":false},{"name":"Kéiko Hattori","is_ca":true},{"name":"Kenji Kato","is_ca":false},{"name":"Danielle Fortin","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.007411382833501197,"gpt":0.2042978494281651,"spread":0.1968864665946639,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002180156,0.0002412041,0.0001778928,0.0001693011,0.0002980334,0.0007057724,0.0001918596,0.0004366078,0.0007041228],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005620517,0.0001912788,0.0002216864,0.0001059549,0.0004018963,0.0004401978,0.0003171442,0.0003751096,0.0002078179],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002386543,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002046304,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002221202,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001858236,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998648,0.0000244794,0.000006674399,0.00002289764,0.00004018347,0.00004089446],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997984,0.0001099315,0.00002280677,0.0000142388,0.0000363132,0.00001834534],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000138042,0.00002090277,0.002194613,0.00003975739,0.000009056276,0.00007670924,0.00006211298,0.0001600486,0.995872,0.0001689962,0.00001407553,0.001243742],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000007895563,0.0001244181,0.01444427,0.000005622935,0.00001112969,0.0001287459,0.0002331924,0.001425478,0.982996,0.0001638491,0.0004519626,0.000007409763],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9980117,0.0002865997,0.0008811861,0.00005425132,0.000008113215,0.000005375892,0.00003625187,0.00000873736,0.0007077633],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989138,0.0001777444,0.0003295662,0.00001085735,0.000002866157,0.000003114318,0.00003111808,0.000002880416,0.0005280842],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.002221202,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004416585,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2055506725","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.07.020","title":"Rare earth elements (REEs): Effects on germination and growth of selected crop and native plant species","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemosphere","topic":"Geochemistry and Elemental Analysis","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":261,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"","keywords":"Germination; Raphanus; Panicum virgatum; Agronomy; Weed; Biomass (ecology); Panicum; Solanum; Biology; Phytotoxicity; Phytoremediation; Canola; Crotalaria; Cinnamomum camphora; Native plant; Arundo donax; Horticulture; Botany; Soil water; Bioenergy; Introduced species","authors":[{"name":"Philippe J. Thomas","is_ca":true},{"name":"David Carpenter","is_ca":true},{"name":"Céline Boutin","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jane E. Allison","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.004721664841639489,"gpt":0.1712100576612699,"spread":0.1664883928196304,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001373236,0.0003292437,0.0002819932,0.0002275288,0.0001735781,0.0001873499,0.0002052559,0.00023331,0.0006740585],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001293122,0.0001020973,0.0001674449,0.000172987,0.0001421449,0.0001354254,0.0002209278,0.0002902704,0.0001235542],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004321686,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002222771,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006885607,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01912843,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999162,0.00001373142,0.000007226456,0.00002970112,0.00002014562,0.0000129415],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997974,0.00003851762,0.00004711659,0.00001561527,0.00004657282,0.00005480078],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007717678,0.00009525571,0.003613345,0.0000971593,0.00002567039,0.00004471772,0.00005270498,0.0001093638,0.9918433,0.00001905408,0.00002971593,0.003298073],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000480205,0.006217415,0.2191226,0.00001532952,0.0001140281,0.0004204605,0.0002085269,0.0009831545,0.7692801,0.00005549049,0.003514775,0.00002014107],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9981633,0.0007876719,0.0003289959,0.0000147946,0.000002920518,0.00001675622,0.000221569,0.00002319793,0.0004407699],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9948431,0.0007557414,0.001048555,0.00003061293,0.00000293552,0.00002522718,0.0006912615,0.00001550535,0.00258706],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.006885607,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01369107,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2103820702","doi":"10.1111/j.1472-4669.2005.00055.x","title":"The potential significance of microbial Fe(III) reduction during deposition of Precambrian banded iron formations","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Geobiology","topic":"Geochemistry and Elemental Analysis","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":247,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Banded iron formation; Precambrian; Diagenesis; Photic zone; Geology; Sedimentary depositional environment; Archean; Environmental chemistry; Phytoplankton; Ferrous; Deposition (geology); Deep sea; Early Earth; Water column; Chemistry; Geochemistry; Nutrient; Oceanography; Paleontology; Sediment","authors":[{"name":"Kurt O. Konhauser","is_ca":true},{"name":"Dianne K. Newman","is_ca":false},{"name":"Andreas Kappler","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.003769213436703773,"gpt":0.1761188830280979,"spread":0.1723496695913941,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002896617,0.0003829437,0.0002597594,0.000616254,0.0005392506,0.0007372142,0.0002218581,0.0004862134,0.0007918536],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005810144,0.0002653342,0.0001697992,0.0003952743,0.0005142583,0.0002859941,0.0004184671,0.0002708872,0.0001831623],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006360888,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002690815,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01349902,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01324973,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998761,0.00001678121,0.000009521462,0.00003497825,0.00002205838,0.00004050102],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998683,0.00002373477,0.00003837181,0.000009544124,0.00004048054,0.00001948946],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008989225,0.00003029473,0.5350025,0.0002629281,0.0001321231,0.0007175565,0.001116987,0.0008327732,0.4434098,0.0004950904,0.0001105339,0.01699048],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000005558634,0.00009988929,0.9809685,0.0000132199,0.00002492659,0.0001226021,0.0004163257,0.000573381,0.01675729,0.0001409838,0.0008705768,0.000006691903],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9986319,0.0005266137,0.0001231753,0.00003048531,0.000003761529,0.000003615261,0.0001065397,0.000004665258,0.000569178],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994473,0.0001528005,0.0001427674,0.00000712835,0.000002649149,0.000001891933,0.00007201391,0.000001831704,0.0001716185],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01349902,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02684093,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2548586674","doi":"10.1016/j.earscirev.2016.10.013","title":"Trace elements at the intersection of marine biological and geochemical evolution","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Earth-Science Reviews","topic":"Geochemistry and Elemental Analysis","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":224,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; University of Waterloo; University of Saskatchewan; University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Aeronautics and Space Administration","keywords":"Trace element; Precambrian; Earth science; Sedimentary rock; Geology; Geologic record; Biosphere; Trace fossil; Paleontology; Geochemistry; Ecology; Biology","authors":[{"name":"Leslie J. Robbins","is_ca":true},{"name":"Stefan V. Lalonde","is_ca":false},{"name":"Noah J. Planavsky","is_ca":false},{"name":"Camille A. Partin","is_ca":true},{"name":"Christopher T. Reinhard","is_ca":false},{"name":"Brian Kendall","is_ca":true},{"name":"Clint Scott","is_ca":false},{"name":"Dalton Hardisty","is_ca":false},{"name":"Benjamin C. Gill","is_ca":false},{"name":"Daniel S. Alessi","is_ca":true},{"name":"Christopher L. Dupont","is_ca":false},{"name":"Mak A. Saito","is_ca":false},{"name":"Sean A. Crowe","is_ca":true},{"name":"Simon W. Poulton","is_ca":false},{"name":"Andrey Bekker","is_ca":false},{"name":"Timothy W. Lyons","is_ca":false},{"name":"Kurt O. Konhauser","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01995070452993594,"gpt":0.231940611803349,"spread":0.211989907273413,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008115855,0.0005901738,0.0007177124,0.001187166,0.0002966908,0.001903935,0.0009269,0.001730007,0.002027899],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008505203,0.0001875317,0.0002729857,0.001655714,0.001790952,0.002070821,0.001120066,0.001457394,0.0005684469],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001505614,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001681845,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005648084,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01036752,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997196,0.00005856513,0.00002374981,0.00006547272,0.00009476722,0.00003791295],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995841,0.0002002756,0.00006144414,0.00001634732,0.0001077755,0.00003004053],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003697898,0.00007511919,0.003837066,0.006385828,0.0002919896,0.0008524882,0.0007716017,0.002717385,0.0610819,0.1138708,0.01519863,0.7945474],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002523352,0.000208779,0.006478107,0.001504746,0.0001336601,0.0009972597,0.00121976,0.000528703,0.02792475,0.07665851,0.8842773,0.00004320017],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.005036652,0.9805083,0.00237029,0.005979946,0.000764986,0.000003685047,0.00002595958,0.00002107164,0.005289036],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.04229913,0.948249,0.001507825,0.001355556,0.0009024094,0.000004725755,0.00003352867,0.0000163923,0.005631425],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.005648084,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01123041,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2006491332","doi":"10.1126/science.1136328","title":"Was There Really an Archean Phosphate Crisis?","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Science","topic":"Geochemistry and Elemental Analysis","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":220,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Ferrihydrite; Phosphate; Archean; Coprecipitation; Seawater; Sorption; Particle (ecology); Ferric; Chemistry; Environmental chemistry; Arsenate; Hydrous ferric oxides; Inorganic chemistry; Geology; Adsorption; Arsenic; Geochemistry; Oceanography; Organic chemistry","authors":[{"name":"Kurt O. Konhauser","is_ca":true},{"name":"Stefan V. Lalonde","is_ca":true},{"name":"Larry Amskold","is_ca":true},{"name":"Heinrich Holland","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01261713645331482,"gpt":0.243180713214191,"spread":0.2305635767608762,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006835281,0.0003215328,0.0003873967,0.0006117413,0.002036192,0.003890775,0.0005590442,0.002752075,0.01070089],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002400919,0.000160245,0.0001610128,0.0008576497,0.003415429,0.005932503,0.001711972,0.003536274,0.001406693],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.003303441,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001811091,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01277268,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01668327,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997767,0.00003167618,0.000009559381,0.00006035127,0.00005618811,0.00006567565],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993262,0.00009922085,0.0001018256,0.00003120232,0.0001991343,0.0002423207],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001902802,0.0001650256,0.09006369,0.001731099,0.0002282636,0.008559128,0.01169053,0.0005537247,0.006977597,0.2568958,0.3167557,0.3044765],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000620032,0.000124691,0.07768743,0.001066825,0.00005410522,0.002767975,0.02321331,0.0003373826,0.001592008,0.1449351,0.7480599,0.00009920659],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1489516,0.06657599,0.0006373302,0.7206367,0.00516143,0.00001394318,0.00153398,0.0001112478,0.05637771],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8002289,0.06001541,0.001105081,0.09419506,0.007078527,0.00002721701,0.0006379894,0.00007172233,0.03664011],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01277268,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03579801,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2080079409","doi":"10.1016/j.epsl.2014.05.061","title":"Lithium isotopes in large rivers reveal the cannibalistic nature of modern continental weathering and erosion","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","topic":"Geochemistry and Elemental Analysis","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":216,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Centre de Géomatique du Québec; Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris","keywords":"Weathering; Geology; Sediment; Erosion; Sedimentary rock; Geochemistry; Igneous rock; Amazon rainforest; Hydrology (agriculture); Geomorphology; Mineralogy","authors":[{"name":"Mathieu Dellinger","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jérôme Gaillardet","is_ca":false},{"name":"Julien Bouchez","is_ca":false},{"name":"Damien Calmels","is_ca":false},{"name":"Valier Galy","is_ca":false},{"name":"Robert Hilton","is_ca":false},{"name":"Pascale Louvat","is_ca":false},{"name":"Christian France‐Lanord","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.00366005434116713,"gpt":0.1722770957245915,"spread":0.1686170413834244,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001152752,0.0001335751,0.0002221296,0.000622302,0.0005046023,0.0009402811,0.00031351,0.0005797217,0.001155745],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003107417,0.0002877918,0.0001347344,0.0006778971,0.0006934997,0.00058841,0.0004363606,0.0002997166,0.0002738397],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004447565,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002399233,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.008689628,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01914187,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999948,0.00000466002,0.000004539598,0.000022364,0.000009270854,0.00001106752],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99983,0.00003539386,0.00005339916,0.00002139978,0.00004067042,0.0000191346],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001173298,0.00005274374,0.8068058,0.00005116556,0.00009328278,0.0002050806,0.0009598042,0.000408246,0.175518,0.0007594421,0.0002102789,0.01376283],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003438754,0.0001049093,0.9797708,0.000009414991,0.00005871282,0.0002695731,0.0008127477,0.001544763,0.01476351,0.000442035,0.002173875,0.00001529187],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9987679,0.0000718209,0.0001980329,0.00002513411,0.00000160277,6.477986e-7,0.0000876245,0.00001038441,0.0008369114],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991435,0.00004250098,0.0001757717,0.00001922212,0.000002601533,0.000001195413,0.00009666534,0.00001071864,0.0005079171],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.008689628,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01727813,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2045082996","doi":"10.1016/s0883-2927(99)00096-7","title":"Rapid development of negative Ce anomalies in surface waters and contrasting REE patterns in groundwaters associated with Zn–Pb massive sulphide deposits","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Geochemistry","topic":"Geochemistry and Elemental Analysis","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":215,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa; Carleton University; Geological Survey of Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Geology; Groundwater; Carbonate; Geochemistry; Environmental chemistry; Surface water; Precipitation; Lithology; Carbonate minerals; Mineralogy; Chemistry; Dolomite; Environmental science","authors":[{"name":"Matthew I. Leybourne","is_ca":true},{"name":"Wayne D. Goodfellow","is_ca":true},{"name":"Dan R. Boyle","is_ca":true},{"name":"Gwendy M Hall","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.006692338607653374,"gpt":0.1668050313636412,"spread":0.1601126927559878,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000825739,0.0001374023,0.0001658998,0.0006156699,0.000266362,0.0003651948,0.0001498784,0.000208819,0.000582388],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002743783,0.0001441578,0.00009984002,0.0003502906,0.0003931947,0.0002008923,0.0003119932,0.0001543074,0.0001033281],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000202263,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002070343,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004130471,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00532878,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999403,0.000003866303,0.000004976121,0.00002162819,0.00001412002,0.00001515107],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998707,0.0000158885,0.00003691542,0.000008010021,0.00004421244,0.00002429926],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008678476,0.00003040839,0.3532814,0.00005210239,0.00004041079,0.0005185474,0.0005821479,0.0001960486,0.637096,0.0003217358,0.00009864816,0.006914606],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001158867,0.00006591635,0.9641837,0.000002817133,0.0000155933,0.0006354336,0.0004137956,0.0003206313,0.03361547,0.0002358748,0.0004931667,0.00000591739],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9992278,0.00005345404,0.0002081814,0.00001455146,0.000001459846,0.000001665671,0.00006794788,0.000008438523,0.0004165184],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994942,0.000028979,0.0001256351,0.000005319276,0.000001970929,0.000001138081,0.00008354399,0.000002052411,0.0002570505],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.004130471,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.008212864,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2592193615","doi":"10.2113/econgeo.112.3.483","title":"Sedimentary and Igneous Phosphate Deposits: Formation and Exploration: An Invited Paper","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Economic Geology","topic":"Geochemistry and Elemental Analysis","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":215,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; Acadia University","funders":"","keywords":"Carbonatite; Igneous rock; Geology; Geochemistry; Fluorapatite; Sedimentary rock; Carbonate; Mineralogy; Apatite; Mantle (geology); Chemistry","authors":[{"name":"Peir K. Pufahl","is_ca":true},{"name":"Lee A. Groat","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01175880186831849,"gpt":0.1975456542630691,"spread":0.1857868523947507,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001298518,0.001076388,0.0005802856,0.001426307,0.0008957176,0.003021119,0.000942691,0.003620925,0.01656681],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007587203,0.0003482188,0.0006540234,0.001773265,0.000802186,0.003247389,0.002512123,0.001652408,0.005273564],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001387821,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001194619,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001264679,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002876008,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995438,0.00005294773,0.00001757461,0.0001470386,0.0001326058,0.0001060297],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994204,0.00007577837,0.00003519602,0.00001822042,0.0002289047,0.0002216368],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004204249,0.0001694893,0.001450735,0.002328089,0.00005283279,0.001109138,0.000728967,0.0007053164,0.008339201,0.009534221,0.7389973,0.2361642],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002086862,0.00007608219,0.002347323,0.0003052159,0.00001966131,0.0003490125,0.0004355834,0.0001195556,0.001168482,0.003968928,0.991167,0.0000223379],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.01550595,0.6506708,0.003306181,0.07345133,0.1659168,0.0001819893,0.0005751364,0.0001859342,0.09020601],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0659513,0.4249021,0.002949462,0.0108774,0.1632224,0.0001096321,0.001047052,0.0002137697,0.3307269],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01656681,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.05542153,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2119546410","doi":"10.1016/j.earscirev.2015.05.006","title":"The nitrogen budget of Earth","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Earth-Science Reviews","topic":"Geochemistry and Elemental Analysis","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":212,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Earth (classical element); Astrobiology; Nitrogen; Environmental science; Geology; Earth science; Chemistry; Biology; Physics; Astronomy","authors":[{"name":"Benjamin Johnson","is_ca":true},{"name":"Colin Goldblatt","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03206391072955309,"gpt":0.2504293157151191,"spread":0.218365404985566,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005207093,0.0005197147,0.0004775797,0.0006332018,0.0002915782,0.0008880245,0.0004386475,0.0007932709,0.002695557],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004605242,0.0001523909,0.0001488978,0.000981423,0.0006291373,0.001677856,0.0007274429,0.0005940489,0.0006049694],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001646046,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002081003,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01436266,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02074374,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998367,0.00001409223,0.000008204512,0.00004728518,0.00007127746,0.00002240625],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999001,0.00001914522,0.00001387417,0.000008113967,0.00004261473,0.00001617518],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005283867,0.00006582802,0.01033219,0.006734466,0.0004172278,0.0003139982,0.0003634311,0.009356708,0.1248489,0.0716695,0.04763333,0.727736],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003376982,0.0001330202,0.02430727,0.001423475,0.0001269771,0.0003095346,0.0003943693,0.002458098,0.01854867,0.05748567,0.8947247,0.00005436112],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.05436753,0.892769,0.00197532,0.01217868,0.001200514,0.00001646082,0.001188905,0.00007498048,0.03622854],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.261133,0.715628,0.00163186,0.002231676,0.0007457518,0.00001652804,0.000915676,0.00005376715,0.01764376],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01436266,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02855814,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2087811149","doi":"10.1016/j.chemgeo.2009.11.013","title":"Trace elements record depositional history of an Early Archean stromatolitic carbonate platform","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Geology","topic":"Geochemistry and Elemental Analysis","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":196,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Laurentian University","funders":"California Institute of Technology; National Aeronautics and Space Administration","keywords":"Geology; Archean; Geochemistry; Facies; Sedimentary depositional environment; Sedimentary rock; Hydrothermal circulation; Trace element; Rare-earth element; Carbonate; Stromatolite; Banded iron formation; Petrography; Craton; Paleontology; Mineralogy; Rare earth; Tectonics; Structural basin","authors":[{"name":"Abigail C. Allwood","is_ca":false},{"name":"Balz S. Kamber","is_ca":true},{"name":"Malcolm R. Walter","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ian W. Burch","is_ca":false},{"name":"I. Kanik","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01227854808618937,"gpt":0.2003484620923275,"spread":0.1880699140061381,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001332978,0.0002967607,0.0002588543,0.001216293,0.001286377,0.0008243678,0.0004824688,0.0004166613,0.001814484],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004694125,0.0002967109,0.0001808864,0.001122394,0.0005105209,0.0005274166,0.0006429771,0.0003124043,0.000360351],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001012092,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008120029,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.09186034,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.2530252,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999144,0.000002835553,0.000005075378,0.00003099635,0.00002766744,0.00001898763],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997684,0.00002558258,0.00004232026,0.00001642272,0.0001034025,0.00004386197],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001250975,0.0001252134,0.7314049,0.0001263387,0.0001251609,0.0006135183,0.002100746,0.0005876414,0.2391158,0.000505518,0.0004437068,0.02360045],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002792627,0.0001116265,0.9836256,0.00001537298,0.00003755504,0.0002417943,0.0005024605,0.000875769,0.01155005,0.00009873075,0.002904835,0.000008324368],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9977164,0.00007132424,0.0001257746,0.00002109644,0.000003865504,0.000004477099,0.0003041593,0.00001032302,0.001742588],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9979577,0.00009425369,0.0003153512,0.00001508037,0.000005462599,0.000002826418,0.0003148091,0.0000102256,0.001284225],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.09186034,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1826513,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2560180892","doi":"10.1016/j.gca.2016.11.043","title":"Soluble Mn(III)–L complexes are abundant in oxygenated waters and stabilized by humic ligands","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","topic":"Geochemistry and Elemental Analysis","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":191,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Delaware; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Biogeochemical cycle; Chemistry; Manganese; Redox; Environmental chemistry; Metal; Biomineralization; Colloid; Inorganic chemistry; Organic chemistry; Geology","authors":[{"name":"Véronique E. Oldham","is_ca":false},{"name":"Alfonso Mucci","is_ca":true},{"name":"Bradley M. Tebo","is_ca":false},{"name":"George W. Luther","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.00888367171546385,"gpt":0.2031966912094988,"spread":0.1943130194940349,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000682034,0.0001970283,0.0001893605,0.0002266534,0.0002059907,0.0003813408,0.0001794575,0.0002689155,0.001383501],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002029068,0.0001425919,0.00006857853,0.0001863098,0.0002464722,0.0002208956,0.0002652682,0.0001121568,0.0003072907],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002794048,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001132607,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001140039,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001918658,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998957,0.00001018551,0.00000654816,0.00003890058,0.00002619701,0.00002238261],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998766,0.00001287355,0.00005962881,0.000008614127,0.00002313349,0.00001918449],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001427421,0.000008581479,0.004452627,0.0001355006,0.00001707084,0.0001538551,0.00007795733,0.00006327276,0.9903064,0.0001475937,0.0001772794,0.00431717],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002121515,0.0001177677,0.02548199,0.00001123353,0.00002254577,0.0005106613,0.00031533,0.0007817483,0.9574944,0.0003872212,0.01484394,0.00001181434],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9940336,0.001219522,0.002551259,0.0001063454,0.00001148393,0.00001022136,0.0002942279,0.0001287506,0.001644461],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9970717,0.0002261377,0.0008193591,0.00004191553,0.000007521723,0.000003837231,0.0002290075,0.00001027635,0.001590202],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001383501,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004628301,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4214941914","doi":"10.1016/j.marpol.2022.105006","title":"Assessment of scientific gaps related to the effective environmental management of deep-seabed mining","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Marine Policy","topic":"Geochemistry and Elemental Analysis","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":190,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek; Sight Research UK; Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung; Natural Environment Research Council; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation; Pew Charitable Trusts","keywords":"Harm; Obligation; United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea; Environmental resource management; Seabed; Environmental planning; Business; Task (project management); Deep sea; Convention; Computer science; Environmental science; Political science; Oceanography; Law; Engineering; Geology","authors":[{"name":"Diva J. Amon","is_ca":false},{"name":"Sabine Gollner","is_ca":false},{"name":"Telmo Morato","is_ca":false},{"name":"Craig R. Smith","is_ca":false},{"name":"Chong Chen","is_ca":false},{"name":"Sabine Christiansen","is_ca":false},{"name":"Bronwen Currie","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jeffrey C. Drazen","is_ca":false},{"name":"Tomohiko Fukushima","is_ca":false},{"name":"Matthew Gianni","is_ca":false},{"name":"Kristina M. Gjerde","is_ca":false},{"name":"Andrew J. Gooday","is_ca":false},{"name":"Georgina Guillen Grillo","is_ca":false},{"name":"Matthias Haeckel","is_ca":false},{"name":"Thembile Joyini","is_ca":false},{"name":"Se‐Jong Ju","is_ca":false},{"name":"Lisa A. Levin","is_ca":false},{"name":"Anna Meta×as","is_ca":true},{"name":"Kamila Mianowicz","is_ca":false},{"name":"Tina N. Molodtsova","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ingo Narberhaus","is_ca":false},{"name":"Beth N. Orcutt","is_ca":false},{"name":"Alison Swaddling","is_ca":false},{"name":"Joshua Tuhumwire","is_ca":false},{"name":"Patricio Urueña Palacio","is_ca":false},{"name":"Michelle Walker","is_ca":false},{"name":"P.P.E. Weaver","is_ca":false},{"name":"Xue‐Wei Xu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Clement Yow Mulalap","is_ca":false},{"name":"Peter Edwards","is_ca":false},{"name":"Chris Pickens","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.003976511336084936,"gpt":0.219640475045961,"spread":0.2156639637098761,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.1656161,0.001475314,0.003568548,0.01743391,0.004350956,0.01395727,0.005181148,0.009321437,0.008641695],"category_scores_gemma":[0.2497378,0.0009526024,0.001931309,0.01382716,0.01261529,0.02811972,0.01278552,0.007369446,0.001318409],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.01032035,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.09439455,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.008151891,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01011391,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9389548,0.03041461,0.01211305,0.003723965,0.01192831,0.00286527],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.4635492,0.4390531,0.02269575,0.01227202,0.05594357,0.006486407],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":"evaluation","domain_candidate":"evaluation","domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"systematic_review","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006282878,0.00040083,0.01103086,0.1046489,0.0009427656,0.001175498,0.02491597,0.005940216,0.001859333,0.2063972,0.03106,0.6110002],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000679383,0.0003680041,0.01319431,0.1409611,0.001059837,0.0006618873,0.04902837,0.00251794,0.00182874,0.4781133,0.3119716,0.0002269463],"study_design_candidate":"systematic_review","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0286876,0.5454121,0.03845776,0.3483028,0.005726241,0.0007787104,0.002762846,0.0001959132,0.0296761],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.4312683,0.4134108,0.1000326,0.04305103,0.004136512,0.002058958,0.003899562,0.0001791303,0.001963095],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8343838,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8758723,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2089953931","doi":"10.1016/s0016-7037(00)00400-2","title":"Interactions between metal oxides and species of nitrogen and iodine in bioturbated marine sediments","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","topic":"Geochemistry and Elemental Analysis","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":179,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University; Université du Québec à Rimouski","funders":"","keywords":"Chemistry; Iodide; Anoxic waters; Sediment; Manganese; Metal; Nitrate; Organic matter; Ammonia; Inorganic chemistry; Environmental chemistry; Nitrite; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Geology","authors":[{"name":"Pierre Anschutz","is_ca":false},{"name":"Bjørn Sundby","is_ca":true},{"name":"Lucie Lefrançois","is_ca":true},{"name":"George W. Luther","is_ca":false},{"name":"Alfonso Mucci","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01281766697079651,"gpt":0.2172486838292099,"spread":0.2044310168584134,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000134421,0.0002381733,0.0002222233,0.0005016998,0.000495848,0.000465659,0.0003652131,0.000277934,0.0006093807],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003957307,0.000267604,0.0001987246,0.0002457795,0.0005331907,0.0001670147,0.0003162439,0.0002167118,0.0001588501],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001130509,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004910968,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.05404434,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.04724361,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998966,0.0000155447,0.000007422352,0.0000375494,0.00001898046,0.00002386321],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998134,0.0000402113,0.00004648228,0.000007873542,0.00005052182,0.00004148806],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.003175665,0.00009080676,0.2110084,0.00009743425,0.000137196,0.0003196044,0.0007035064,0.001698157,0.7785559,0.0001723586,0.00009615778,0.003944778],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003570579,0.0006283476,0.8978611,0.000008006524,0.0001025516,0.0001907749,0.0009991806,0.003651788,0.09546719,0.0001354787,0.0008952626,0.00002463795],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9997129,0.00005952202,0.00002467042,0.000005448757,0.000001035875,0.000001037867,0.00003637699,0.000002219455,0.000156757],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991825,0.00004964439,0.00005872282,0.000004681964,0.000001244475,0.000001764068,0.00008388168,0.000002170163,0.0006154249],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.05404434,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1074595,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1983329463","doi":"10.1016/s0037-0738(01)00076-8","title":"Paleoproterozoic Huronian basin: product of a Wilson cycle punctuated by glaciations and a meteorite impact","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Sedimentary Geology","topic":"Geochemistry and Elemental Analysis","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":176,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Laurentian University; Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Geology; Geochemistry; Unconformity; Provenance; Rift; Orogeny; Sedimentary rock; Paleontology; Breccia; Structural basin","authors":[{"name":"Grant M. Young","is_ca":true},{"name":"Darrel G.F. Long","is_ca":true},{"name":"Christopher M. Fedo","is_ca":false},{"name":"H.W. Nesbitt","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.004106267205424466,"gpt":0.2016389553952299,"spread":0.1975326881898055,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001120068,0.000137431,0.0001314144,0.0004806746,0.0004651736,0.000731678,0.0001397265,0.0001259064,0.001686175],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003525046,0.000124118,0.0000750062,0.0007874292,0.0004368579,0.0003045825,0.0005080388,0.0001223383,0.0001792739],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009572703,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001066557,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.03599641,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.1123302,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999598,0.0000060593,0.0000041737,0.000007247988,0.000007546324,0.00001515869],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998798,0.00000769354,0.00004202216,0.00000959365,0.00002810549,0.00003268313],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000482906,0.0000522744,0.9406058,0.0001697637,0.0001170949,0.002308881,0.003321991,0.001359356,0.01577738,0.004152532,0.002032891,0.02961906],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000005596831,0.00001376732,0.9967062,0.00000839219,0.000008689623,0.0001127002,0.0005047213,0.0002340222,0.0003051785,0.0001476506,0.001950778,0.000002340807],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9982293,0.0001184161,0.0000336308,0.0001380896,0.000005854756,0.000002606773,0.0002755426,0.000005547608,0.001190999],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986976,0.0001632171,0.00005809738,0.00004368648,0.00001004585,0.0000029547,0.0003190919,0.000003757431,0.0007015944],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03599641,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.07157379,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2944539067","doi":"10.5382/econgeo.4642","title":"The Genesis of Regolith-Hosted Heavy Rare Earth Element Deposits: Insights from the World-Class Zudong Deposit in Jiangxi Province, South China","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Economic Geology","topic":"Geochemistry and Elemental Analysis","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":175,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Geology; Rare-earth element; Regolith; Geochemistry; World class; Rare earth; China; Earth science; Earth (classical element); Mining engineering; Astrobiology; Archaeology; Geography","authors":[{"name":"Yan Li","is_ca":false},{"name":"Mei‐Fu Zhou","is_ca":false},{"name":"Anthony E. Williams‐Jones","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.003913651679568484,"gpt":0.1635053625992178,"spread":0.1595917109196493,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000287444,0.0002183932,0.0002820921,0.003301502,0.001082521,0.0005451997,0.0002805018,0.0002790877,0.001496237],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002337916,0.0001871312,0.0002438438,0.003716466,0.0007016106,0.0004739894,0.0008714749,0.000161753,0.0001778864],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00114195,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001454066,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.1404401,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.3036667,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999044,0.000006557728,0.000007548374,0.00002081138,0.00003419926,0.00002652337],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998926,0.00001270651,0.00003195708,0.000008547009,0.00003530172,0.00001886228],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002368311,0.00002860568,0.9021292,0.000789876,0.0001750825,0.002629585,0.009101033,0.0006727556,0.01688174,0.001162194,0.00227139,0.06392168],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000005760434,0.00001328087,0.9916781,0.00002987361,0.00002533013,0.0001681647,0.002012982,0.0001949229,0.0004434502,0.0001210178,0.005299557,0.000007507007],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9940683,0.00191486,0.0001949434,0.0002133847,0.00001163054,0.00001290528,0.0006656828,0.00001201212,0.002906211],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9954667,0.001483969,0.0003011084,0.00005339163,0.00001321611,0.000007439396,0.0006426084,0.00001030322,0.002021119],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1404401,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2792453,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2736970980","doi":"10.1016/0967-0653(95)95670-0","title":"10.1016/0967-0653(95)95670-0","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Time to knit","topic":"Geochemistry and Elemental Analysis","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":174,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Seawater; Yttrium; Fractionation; Oceanography; Geology; Distribution (mathematics); Chemistry; Chromatography; Mathematics","authors":[{"name":"Michael Bau","is_ca":false},{"name":"Peter Dulski","is_ca":false},{"name":"Peter Möller","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.004578193169904514,"gpt":0.1455982662580134,"spread":0.1410200730881089,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009442137,0.002249225,0.001562665,0.002610552,0.002541333,0.0038392,0.00297411,0.004550134,0.99064],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001652877,0.001039044,0.001421854,0.002327899,0.001962965,0.00446394,0.003339793,0.002312685,0.9940115],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001080555,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008696119,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005664467,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005359538,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994521,0.00003567226,0.00004192938,0.0002027403,0.0001554645,0.0001121385],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980095,0.0004297543,0.00009840783,0.000259537,0.0005041593,0.0006985877],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002591228,0.0002276171,0.0008723016,0.0004001129,0.00003160736,0.0001991583,0.0001022282,0.0003650181,0.002146669,0.004665727,0.4257562,0.5649742],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003877699,0.00008772063,0.0008321325,0.0002451011,0.00001090083,0.0002493174,0.0001164557,0.0001334391,0.0002772069,0.0005718142,0.997417,0.00002010863],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.0003266285,0.0001998724,0.0005054003,0.0002838875,0.0002202782,0.00008631509,0.000599473,0.000715222,0.9970629],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0004741613,0.0001327301,0.0002500742,0.000155253,0.00005134461,0.0000374498,0.0003098417,0.0001514108,0.9984378],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.009359956,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01335078,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1996128165","doi":"10.1016/j.chemgeo.2011.10.010","title":"The effect of diagenesis and fluid migration on rare earth element distribution in pore fluids of the northern Cascadia accretionary margin","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Geology","topic":"Geochemistry and Elemental Analysis","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":173,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Geological Survey of Canada","funders":"United States Science Support Program; Ministry of Land, Transport and Maritime Affairs; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Diagenesis; Geology; Alkalinity; Rare-earth element; Geochemistry; Sediment; Total organic carbon; Pore water pressure; Scavenging; Mineralogy; Geomorphology; Rare earth; Environmental chemistry; Chemistry","authors":[{"name":"Ji‐Hoon Kim","is_ca":false},{"name":"Marta E. Torres","is_ca":false},{"name":"Brian A. Haley","is_ca":false},{"name":"Miriam Kastner","is_ca":false},{"name":"J. Pohlman","is_ca":false},{"name":"Michael Riedel","is_ca":true},{"name":"Young‐Joo Lee","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.005283782584729712,"gpt":0.1725275872748131,"spread":0.1672438046900834,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002422298,0.0003731483,0.0003287033,0.0009002048,0.001044553,0.0009348112,0.0004406558,0.0005948886,0.00159689],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006846655,0.0004540568,0.0003335633,0.0004872,0.001259641,0.0006563769,0.0008971406,0.0003359005,0.0002848819],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001421738,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009012337,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0715983,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.08461697,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998631,0.00001766211,0.0000151563,0.00005950173,0.00001769572,0.00002683416],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996349,0.00009011426,0.00008166923,0.00002695668,0.00007015227,0.00009619611],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001275888,0.00007239906,0.8482426,0.00007298386,0.0001157762,0.0005564345,0.002194608,0.002033645,0.1396693,0.0002641518,0.0001463047,0.005355932],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000007698195,0.00003264419,0.9980774,0.000002007164,0.00001029402,0.00002636017,0.0003898089,0.0003003746,0.0009808377,0.00002295107,0.0001450378,0.000004592512],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9995632,0.00003080781,0.00001818979,0.00002014663,0.000001296879,7.271565e-7,0.00006371247,0.00000379483,0.000298143],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995252,0.00003317386,0.00002410101,0.000006980108,0.000002031587,0.000001791495,0.00008764311,0.000004079269,0.000315064],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9284017,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1423631,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2131802900","doi":"10.4319/lo.2004.49.2.0322","title":"Dynamics of silicon metabolism and silicon isotopic discrimination in a marine diatomas a function of pCO<sub>2</sub>","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Limnology and Oceanography","topic":"Geochemistry and Elemental Analysis","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":170,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Division of Chemistry; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Diatom; Frustule; Biogenic silica; Silicon; Dissolution; Environmental chemistry; Isotopes of silicon; Isotope; Flux (metallurgy); Chemistry; Stable isotope ratio; Fractionation; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Oceanography; Geology; Chromatography; Physics","authors":[{"name":"Allen J. Milligan","is_ca":false},{"name":"Diana E. Varela","is_ca":false},{"name":"Mark A. Brzezinski","is_ca":false},{"name":"François M. M. Morel","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.004179153077424736,"gpt":0.1739744134094441,"spread":0.1697952603320194,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000101859,0.0002074744,0.000218033,0.0002814002,0.0002413768,0.0003677175,0.0001748752,0.0003104373,0.0005670568],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002257314,0.0002729938,0.0001515483,0.0003208331,0.0002744259,0.0003116374,0.0002703513,0.000374637,0.0001720842],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005594685,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001820818,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003881005,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004609898,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999481,0.00000512817,0.000004320543,0.00002309939,0.00001112509,0.000008294093],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998124,0.00003604789,0.00006242111,0.00001361694,0.00003594128,0.00003944882],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003264898,0.00002287876,0.05538866,0.00003101225,0.00001862247,0.00006357696,0.0001049268,0.0003776845,0.9408361,0.00007174875,0.00005088496,0.002707376],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001519956,0.000260017,0.8699908,0.000004178157,0.00003211536,0.0001817011,0.0001749269,0.007588056,0.1208287,0.0001330185,0.000774859,0.00001648072],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9990715,0.0001331607,0.0002145227,0.00002469787,0.000001156764,0.000003185651,0.0002553944,0.000008412346,0.0002878419],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9981987,0.0001765653,0.0006242556,0.00002107938,0.000002705408,0.00001075112,0.0004835577,0.000005243095,0.0004771558],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.003881005,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.007716835,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2596426057","doi":"10.1038/s41598-017-00494-0","title":"Preservation of organic matter in marine sediments by inner-sphere interactions with reactive iron","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Scientific Reports","topic":"Geochemistry and Elemental Analysis","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":169,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Canadian Light Source (Canada); Concordia University","funders":"Western Economic Diversification Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Brookhaven National Laboratory; Canadian Institutes of Health Research; U.S. Department of Energy; Fonds Québécois de la Recherche sur la Nature et les Technologies; University of Saskatchewan; Canadian Light Source; National Research Council Canada; University of Chicago","keywords":"Organic matter; Total organic carbon; Sediment; Chemistry; Inner sphere electron transfer; Ferric; Iron oxide; Sedimentary rock; Mineralogy; Environmental chemistry; Geology; Inorganic chemistry; Geochemistry; Ion; Organic chemistry","authors":[{"name":"Andrew Barber","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jay A. Brandes","is_ca":false},{"name":"Alessandra C. Leri","is_ca":false},{"name":"Karine Lalonde","is_ca":true},{"name":"Kathryn Balind","is_ca":true},{"name":"S. Wirick","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jian Wang","is_ca":true},{"name":"Yves Gélinas","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.007652558188007568,"gpt":0.2113418710033645,"spread":0.2036893128153569,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009632904,0.0002256249,0.0000936111,0.0003090031,0.0002246247,0.0003252476,0.0001534797,0.0001612414,0.0006928005],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001106025,0.0001202267,0.00008666792,0.0001287317,0.0003417097,0.0001337627,0.0002272398,0.0001179786,0.0001470234],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002014677,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009109493,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001663765,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00171188,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999945,0.000005393703,0.000002238667,0.00001774838,0.00001390397,0.00001555334],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999163,0.00001174142,0.00003204534,0.000005477163,0.00001659112,0.0000178723],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000660495,0.000008368973,0.009765096,0.00002688733,0.00001233471,0.00009415061,0.0000441728,0.0001348913,0.9884908,0.00006454888,0.00002171513,0.001270962],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001154976,0.0001871534,0.3311346,0.00001327064,0.00004193853,0.0003934823,0.0002800899,0.002930885,0.6634738,0.0001905331,0.001330228,0.00001246868],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9989182,0.0001083414,0.0004724584,0.00000714531,0.000001381536,0.000002256982,0.00003124812,0.00001337489,0.0004455698],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999116,0.00005268999,0.0004188297,0.000008065943,0.000001374901,0.000001602934,0.00003583713,0.000003638703,0.0003619093],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001663765,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003308117,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2106633126","doi":"10.1128/aem.01240-07","title":"Direct Identification of a Bacterial Manganese(II) Oxidase, the Multicopper Oxidase MnxG, from Spores of Several Different Marine <i>Bacillus</i> Species","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied and Environmental Microbiology","topic":"Geochemistry and Elemental Analysis","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":165,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of California, San Diego; Bentham-Moxon Trust","keywords":"Multicopper oxidase; Chemistry; Oxidase test; Enzyme; Manganese; Biochemistry; Laccase; Organic chemistry","authors":[{"name":"Gregory J. Dick","is_ca":false},{"name":"Justin W. Torpey","is_ca":false},{"name":"Terry J. Beveridge","is_ca":true},{"name":"Bradley M. Tebo","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.003496857642311598,"gpt":0.1495276886116089,"spread":0.1460308309692973,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001101631,0.0003390706,0.0001705456,0.0002143332,0.000141343,0.0002284871,0.000139874,0.0003805488,0.0002796575],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002708169,0.0001293919,0.0001508217,0.0001604745,0.0001841347,0.000157909,0.0002758619,0.0003335913,0.0001584823],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001052359,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001309732,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003515618,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005217521,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998733,0.0000120232,0.000008759695,0.00004490333,0.00004709186,0.00001403754],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997951,0.00003437871,0.0000737493,0.00001493986,0.00003091979,0.00005089097],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002582619,0.000008131338,0.001105721,0.00002144277,0.000002998533,0.00003008015,0.00001482175,0.000006793657,0.9977945,0.000009539292,0.000013969,0.0009662132],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001556676,0.0003354543,0.08941274,0.00001591994,0.00004756719,0.002015629,0.0001001238,0.0006412395,0.9044446,0.00007521657,0.002888068,0.000007854798],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9956974,0.0006947611,0.00264554,0.00008097802,0.00001442873,0.00002007748,0.0003781979,0.00002729891,0.0004411607],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9837663,0.0005637161,0.0123424,0.0001020151,0.00001574622,0.00002292469,0.002122292,0.00002222085,0.001042322],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0003805488,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0009355545,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W653289464","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0129936","title":"Uptake and Effects of Six Rare Earth Elements (REEs) on Selected Native and Crop Species Growing in Contaminated Soils","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"PLoS ONE","topic":"Geochemistry and Elemental Analysis","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":164,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa; Carleton University; Environment and Climate Change Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Panicum virgatum; Agronomy; Crop; Biomass (ecology); Phytoremediation; Raphanus; Crotalaria; Germination; Soil water; Biology; Chemistry; Bioenergy; Ecology","authors":[{"name":"David Carpenter","is_ca":true},{"name":"Céline Boutin","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jane E. Allison","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jessica L. Parsons","is_ca":true},{"name":"Deanna M. Ellis","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02192589379660767,"gpt":0.1916284042084174,"spread":0.1697025104118097,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001919138,0.0004144757,0.0004699767,0.0003018317,0.0002236088,0.0002778881,0.0002480604,0.0003329777,0.0005104019],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002145217,0.0002012128,0.0003339757,0.0002015557,0.000157716,0.0002438984,0.0003135677,0.0003636469,0.0001975458],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003279239,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001713245,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002825359,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004162849,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998529,0.00003220036,0.00001679869,0.00004235929,0.00003040667,0.00002537051],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996479,0.0001050668,0.00006630162,0.00002991108,0.00007598263,0.00007485623],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002951915,0.00005658695,0.001397176,0.00005010487,0.00001230313,0.00004786542,0.00006428092,0.0000875988,0.9970115,0.00001097557,0.000009227044,0.0009570337],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004314927,0.008769869,0.08078261,0.00001639628,0.0001104507,0.0004659659,0.0003942877,0.00169209,0.9060712,0.00005441512,0.001571921,0.00002767606],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9992884,0.0002287832,0.0001628788,0.000008932324,0.00000287642,0.00000926041,0.00009456038,0.00000860005,0.0001956931],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9957682,0.0006435072,0.001201062,0.00003286978,0.000004368003,0.0000296233,0.0004912795,0.00001311491,0.001815945],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.002825359,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005617857,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3097892430","doi":"10.1007/s00244-020-00773-4","title":"Review of Rare Earth Elements as Fertilizers and Feed Additives: A Knowledge Gap Analysis","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","topic":"Geochemistry and Elemental Analysis","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":163,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McMaster University; Carleton University; Environment and Climate Change Canada","funders":"Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II","keywords":"Ecotoxicology; Rare earth; Environmental chemistry; Environmental science; Chemistry; Mineralogy","authors":[{"name":"Franca Tommasi","is_ca":false},{"name":"Philippe J. Thomas","is_ca":true},{"name":"Giovanni Pagano","is_ca":false},{"name":"Genevieve A. Perono","is_ca":true},{"name":"Rahime Oral","is_ca":false},{"name":"Daniel Mark Lyons","is_ca":false},{"name":"Maria Toscanesi","is_ca":false},{"name":"Marco Trifuoggi","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01738041454904082,"gpt":0.2604243436634523,"spread":0.2430439291144115,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001060309,0.0008997362,0.001990423,0.005104335,0.0003780065,0.001310763,0.001057531,0.001166679,0.00539501],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002628238,0.0004194417,0.001343451,0.004923844,0.0003974602,0.001669449,0.0007162269,0.001145364,0.0009283844],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007998702,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.003326911,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002462543,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004169059,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995193,0.00008812165,0.0001367308,0.00008012756,0.0001452764,0.00003035678],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980333,0.00127692,0.0002632375,0.00003587226,0.0003303212,0.00006033263],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000121328,0.00007453332,0.0002997169,0.2721947,0.0005285421,0.0002644795,0.000230322,0.000390358,0.001335364,0.003247909,0.03136659,0.6899462],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002654151,0.0001505586,0.001705862,0.08073755,0.001780442,0.001025467,0.0002069401,0.00009841292,0.0004925341,0.001745595,0.911999,0.00003112101],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.00009823812,0.9991477,0.00005664214,0.0001843344,0.0001076716,0.000006143725,0.00003626542,0.000003736303,0.0003592015],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0003980392,0.9991721,0.0001037048,0.0001187918,0.00005675151,0.000006414816,0.00002943519,8.094489e-7,0.000113996],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.00539501,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01804805,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2055019317","doi":"10.1016/j.chemgeo.2010.11.007","title":"Biogenic and abiogenic low-Mg calcite (bLMC and aLMC): Evaluation of seawater-REE composition, water masses and carbonate diagenesis","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Geology","topic":"Geochemistry and Elemental Analysis","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":157,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick; University of Alberta; Brock University; Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Brock University","keywords":"Geology; Abiogenic petroleum origin; Diagenesis; Seawater; Calcite; Carbonate; Geochemistry; Aragonite; Carbonate minerals; Siliciclastic; Paleoceanography; Water mass; Upwelling; Paleontology; Mineralogy; Sedimentary depositional environment; Oceanography; Chemistry; Methane","authors":[{"name":"Karem Azmy","is_ca":true},{"name":"Uwe Brand","is_ca":true},{"name":"Paul Sylvester","is_ca":true},{"name":"Sarah A. Gleeson","is_ca":true},{"name":"Alan Logan","is_ca":true},{"name":"Maria Aleksandra Bitner","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.00673337909545725,"gpt":0.2025725901688299,"spread":0.1958392110733727,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003935517,0.0003017204,0.0001446031,0.001362959,0.0003300221,0.0004393679,0.0002228027,0.0002593783,0.0004325016],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003156514,0.0001335395,0.0001358468,0.0009836855,0.0002805489,0.000203791,0.0002106799,0.0001317618,0.0001230033],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004720042,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003875991,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02117287,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.03262739,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998319,0.00002130326,0.00001783671,0.00003491904,0.00006644106,0.00002759604],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998311,0.00002153322,0.00002594075,0.00001189084,0.00006652247,0.00004295669],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002376959,0.0001841926,0.2655382,0.0001229609,0.00005277333,0.0002460692,0.0002230802,0.000639911,0.7128986,0.0003652194,0.00006590121,0.0172861],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004272733,0.000555256,0.7101092,0.000005208134,0.00007364232,0.0005103172,0.000304639,0.003200682,0.2819701,0.0001292674,0.003086855,0.00001212187],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9981233,0.0001896035,0.0002963544,0.000002976383,0.000001319911,0.00001233058,0.0003437876,0.000009625967,0.001020706],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9968771,0.0001671259,0.0009828384,0.000005300225,0.000002226709,0.000008364907,0.0007416077,0.000007436087,0.001208034],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02117287,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0420993,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2103420592","doi":"10.4319/lo.2004.49.5.1774","title":"A role for manganese in superoxide dismutases and growth of iron‐deficient diatoms","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Limnology and Oceanography","topic":"Geochemistry and Elemental Analysis","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":150,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Thalassiosira pseudonana; Thalassiosira weissflogii; Manganese; Superoxide dismutase; Chemistry; Phytoplankton; Environmental chemistry; Seawater; Antioxidant; Reactive oxygen species; Diatom; Oxygen evolution; Limiting; Botany; Biology; Biochemistry; Ecology; Nutrient; Electrochemistry","authors":[{"name":"Graham Peers","is_ca":true},{"name":"Neil M. Price","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.003953322852234662,"gpt":0.1779209196600523,"spread":0.1739675968078176,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002198833,0.0003248348,0.0001550207,0.0002095584,0.0002269867,0.0003674627,0.000312804,0.0003269326,0.0003542904],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003286115,0.0001456948,0.0001063122,0.0001231522,0.0002544027,0.0003305432,0.0004443956,0.0002268075,0.0001102987],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003166297,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001541189,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001338841,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002379907,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998894,0.00002571351,0.00001386038,0.0000266268,0.00002402026,0.00002034095],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997103,0.00006557372,0.00006329046,0.00003406958,0.00005509814,0.00007170079],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002332696,0.0000224414,0.007019636,0.00004388302,0.000005086372,0.0001095653,0.00004565497,0.00006675904,0.9902726,0.0001671366,0.00002914963,0.001984903],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00007103487,0.0005440927,0.1325265,0.00003186732,0.0000501524,0.001158436,0.0002700193,0.003682429,0.8551365,0.001097799,0.005411454,0.00001969101],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9965939,0.001236206,0.001325912,0.0001932128,0.00001396132,0.000005701713,0.00006915155,0.00002116983,0.000540679],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9974954,0.0003060742,0.001353323,0.00003582677,0.000006351156,0.000005626323,0.0001002974,0.000005056802,0.0006922068],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001338841,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002662122,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2472931104","doi":"10.1002/2016gl069109","title":"Oxidation of manganese in an ancient aquifer, Kimberley formation, Gale crater, Mars","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Geophysical Research Letters","topic":"Geochemistry and Elemental Analysis","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":147,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Western University; University of New Brunswick; University of Guelph","funders":"Canadian Space Agency; Jet Propulsion Laboratory; National Aeronautics and Space Administration","keywords":"Mars Exploration Program; Geology; Evaporite; Impact crater; Geochemistry; Astrobiology; Manganese; Atmosphere (unit); Meteorite; Earth (classical element); Deposition (geology); Mineralogy; Paleontology; Sedimentary rock; Chemistry","authors":[{"name":"N. Lanza","is_ca":false},{"name":"R. C. Wiens","is_ca":false},{"name":"R. E. Arvidson","is_ca":false},{"name":"B. C. Clark","is_ca":false},{"name":"Woodward W. Fischer","is_ca":false},{"name":"R. Gellert","is_ca":true},{"name":"J. P. Grotzinger","is_ca":false},{"name":"J. A. Hurowitz","is_ca":false},{"name":"S. M. McLennan","is_ca":false},{"name":"R. V. Morris","is_ca":false},{"name":"M. S. Rice","is_ca":false},{"name":"J. F. Bell","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jeffrey A. Berger","is_ca":true},{"name":"D. L. Blaney","is_ca":false},{"name":"N. T. Bridges","is_ca":false},{"name":"F. J. Calef","is_ca":false},{"name":"S. M. Clegg","is_ca":false},{"name":"A. Cousin","is_ca":false},{"name":"K. S. Edgett","is_ca":false},{"name":"C. Fabre","is_ca":false},{"name":"Martin Fisk","is_ca":false},{"name":"O. Forni","is_ca":false},{"name":"J. Frydenvang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Keian R. Hardy","is_ca":false},{"name":"C. Hardgrove","is_ca":false},{"name":"J. R. Johnson","is_ca":false},{"name":"J. Lasue","is_ca":false},{"name":"Stéphane Le Mouëlic","is_ca":false},{"name":"M. C. Malin","is_ca":false},{"name":"N. Mangold","is_ca":false},{"name":"Javier Martín‐Torres","is_ca":false},{"name":"S. Maurice","is_ca":false},{"name":"M. J. McBride","is_ca":false},{"name":"D. W. Ming","is_ca":false},{"name":"H. E. Newsom","is_ca":false},{"name":"A. Ollila","is_ca":false},{"name":"V. Sautter","is_ca":false},{"name":"Susanne Schröder","is_ca":false},{"name":"L. M. Thompson","is_ca":true},{"name":"A. H. Treiman","is_ca":false},{"name":"S. J. VanBommel","is_ca":true},{"name":"D. T. Vaniman","is_ca":false},{"name":"María‐Paz Zorzano","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03196338841466855,"gpt":0.2845783950006877,"spread":0.2526150065860191,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001202554,0.0002943234,0.0002234059,0.001368427,0.001201746,0.0005456299,0.0004019785,0.0003673043,0.000467632],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001711089,0.000230619,0.0001371191,0.0006668174,0.0006308937,0.000244462,0.0004917328,0.0001459088,0.0001015551],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008764618,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000319689,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.04077907,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.06786538,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999248,0.000008499642,0.000003599709,0.00002983218,0.00001705901,0.00001630406],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999378,0.000007857088,0.00001589921,0.000005662045,0.00001854644,0.00001425964],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004396404,0.00006986141,0.8681387,0.00008120737,0.0001338466,0.001586104,0.002973807,0.0008932381,0.1147879,0.00015459,0.0002365171,0.01050462],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00000980708,0.00006416952,0.9929827,0.000005896367,0.00001928211,0.0003484371,0.0008916224,0.0006079502,0.004102813,0.00003057824,0.0009316059,0.000005075837],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9997093,0.00003360706,0.00002169214,0.000008654249,5.188742e-7,0.000001435166,0.00005193937,0.000003784582,0.0001690548],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996105,0.00004074697,0.0001146197,0.000007252335,0.000001248007,0.00000117455,0.0000650483,0.000001811789,0.000157641],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.04077907,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.08108342,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}