{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":520,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":1,"predictions_cover":520,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12"},"query_hash":"e33921addb64","filters":{"topic":"Gun Ownership and Violence Research"}},"results":[{"id":"W2801828415","doi":"10.1001/jama.2018.10060","title":"Global Mortality From Firearms, 1990-2016","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"JAMA","topic":"Gun Ownership and Violence Research","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":369,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; SickKids Foundation; Hospital for Sick Children; University of Toronto","funders":"Medical Research Council; College of Medicine, Seoul National University; School of Public Health and Family Medicine, University of Cape Town; School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham; Damietta University; Western Sydney University; Lorestan University of Medical Sciences; Alborz University of Medical Sciences; University of Peradeniya; Xiamen University; Norwegian Institute of Public Health; Addis Ababa University; All-India Institute of Medical Sciences; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; University of Cape Town; Tampereen Yliopisto; University of Haifa; Universidade Federal de Sergipe; Haramaya University; Inyuvesi Yakwazulu-Natali; Taipei Medical University; Shiraz University of Medical Sciences; United Nations Population Fund; Karolinska Institutet; Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre; Mekelle University; Georg-August-Universität Göttingen; Seoul National University; Universidade do Porto; Bundesministerium für Gesundheit; Universidad Nacional de Colombia; Yonsei University; South African Medical Research Council; Griffith University; Ahmadu Bello University; Universitas Negeri Semarang; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Maragheh University of Medical Sciences; Universiteit Stellenbosch; Public Health England; Trường Đại học Duy Tân; Iran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; Harvard University; Children’s Hospital of Wisconsin Research Institute; National Center for Child Health and Development; RMIT University; University College London; Case Western Reserve University; Imperial College London; University of Washington; Erasmus Universitair Medisch Centrum Rotterdam; Murdoch Children's Research Institute; Saint Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College; Shiraz University; Helsingin Yliopisto; Deakin University; University of West Florida; Ball State University; Jordan University of Science and Technology; Univerzita Komenského v Bratislave; Lunds Universitet; King's College London","keywords":"Medicine; Homicide; Injury prevention; Poison control; Demography; Suicide prevention; Occupational safety and health; Per capita; Mortality rate; Human factors and ergonomics; Confidence interval; Environmental health; Surgery; Population","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.06719520097843748,"gpt":0.4030817105887587,"spread":0.3358865096103212,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006992192,0.00006076095,0.00008581863,0.00001445701,0.0003569079,0.000141896,0.0003519141,0.0001187372,0.00203814],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004111969,0.00004948865,0.00004799516,0.0002662942,0.0005277166,0.0002080655,0.00006336041,0.00007934146,0.001418052],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001136498,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002607729,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.1004278,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01960634,"domain_scores_codex":[0.99862,0.0001863181,0.00009645019,0.0002037327,0.0005056398,0.0003878572],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993693,0.00007637125,0.00002844325,0.0002104685,0.0001212903,0.000194187],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003399756,0.00007786867,0.7019506,0.000003777552,0.00004308211,0.00001423451,0.004640811,1.050074e-7,0.00008293601,0.01683754,0.07775397,0.1985611],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002523448,0.00003728994,0.6491171,0.00002736824,0.000008808937,1.332576e-7,0.00184481,0.00002786386,0.0001185435,0.01814516,0.3303061,0.0001145683],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7988457,0.0001162282,0.00004542722,0.002888508,0.0003126044,0.0000877925,0.00004569936,0.00006706184,0.1975909],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9961754,0.00007812538,0.00008356353,0.0003277566,0.002023368,0.000004981025,0.00000598075,0.000003468087,0.001297345],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2525521,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9993595,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2137296091","doi":"10.1542/peds.2005-0607","title":"Cross-national Study of Fighting and Weapon Carrying as Determinants of Adolescent Injury","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"PEDIATRICS","topic":"Gun Ownership and Violence Research","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":193,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"Health Canada","keywords":"Medicine; Injury prevention; Suicide prevention; Human factors and ergonomics; Poison control; Demography; Occupational safety and health; Cross-sectional study; Environmental health","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0601981989285363,"gpt":0.4350377964941467,"spread":0.3748395975656104,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001166281,0.00005151592,0.0001103386,0.0001230591,0.0001871562,0.00002801045,0.0001473386,0.00005405469,0.00002820209],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007786853,0.00004786756,0.0000234297,0.00029175,0.0001011384,0.0001431004,0.00006472773,0.00009795514,0.000004714795],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005097026,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002290006,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009586172,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005289445,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986164,0.0001013407,0.0002233258,0.0001286407,0.0007314996,0.0001987831],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993188,0.000164873,0.0001183113,0.00006180197,0.0002597997,0.00007640658],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000133917,0.000159633,0.9760866,0.00003700109,0.000001647752,8.519265e-7,0.007146281,0.000009595533,0.00003864872,0.00009216382,0.00002871628,0.01638547],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006045136,0.0002637275,0.9853092,0.00003554203,0.00002266567,6.620122e-7,0.01149949,0.0002411067,0.0006528826,0.00018212,0.001030989,0.0001570801],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9983487,0.0002075928,0.0000020133,0.00005286024,0.0000545654,0.0001633341,0.000006465145,0.000008053757,0.001156473],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991396,0.0003367504,0.00005049027,0.00001075152,0.0003442889,0.000003503926,3.773945e-7,0.000004107445,0.000110131],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01622839,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1951982,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4283814245","doi":"10.3389/fpsyt.2022.923928","title":"Defining and Assessing the Syndrome of Moral Injury: Initial Findings of the Moral Injury Outcome Scale Consortium","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Frontiers in Psychiatry","topic":"Gun Ownership and Violence Research","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":168,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa; Western University","funders":"Department of Veterans' Affairs, Australian Government; Office of Research and Development; U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs","keywords":"Moral injury; Shame; Witness; Psychology; Scale (ratio); Social psychology; Commission; Poison control; Law; Medicine; Political science; Medical emergency","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02881104091662912,"gpt":0.3650109681807115,"spread":0.3361999272640824,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002173376,0.0001086151,0.0002746276,0.000180519,0.0007464777,0.00005502745,0.0006830328,0.00008150298,0.00006749157],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001501496,0.0000780874,0.000105513,0.0008534867,0.00110319,0.0001946631,0.0003048539,0.0005918886,7.288543e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009432247,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005288522,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008724715,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001307521,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9975847,0.0006972263,0.0003996267,0.0002188124,0.000700383,0.0003992775],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993693,0.00008767209,0.0001901842,0.0002523265,0.00003714398,0.00006343377],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003788139,0.00005424464,0.9857574,0.00002751685,0.00001405319,8.713188e-7,0.002645716,0.000007687111,0.00001181473,0.00640479,0.003719874,0.001318202],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004228566,0.0001521195,0.9083374,0.0001002992,0.00003287872,0.00000491365,0.07478285,0.0001289482,0.00005683316,0.01508389,0.0007138752,0.0001831867],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9885061,0.0006165826,0.00002431596,0.002919462,0.004900576,0.0002667148,0.00004870579,0.00001257326,0.002704923],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985649,0.00002618655,0.001017244,0.0001880002,0.00004978651,0.00002025488,0.000001716881,0.00001181652,0.0001201133],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.07742,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5741379,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2977436583","doi":"10.1016/j.socscimed.2019.112587","title":"The impact of exposure to gun violence fatality on mental health outcomes in four urban U.S. settings","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Social Science & Medicine","topic":"Gun Ownership and Violence Research","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":145,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"School of Social Work, University of Maryland","keywords":"Suicide prevention; Poison control; Occupational safety and health; Injury prevention; Gun violence; Human factors and ergonomics; Mental health; Medical emergency; Case fatality rate; Medicine; Environmental health; Public health; Demography; Gerontology; Psychology; Psychiatry; Population; Sociology; Nursing","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04232124150089366,"gpt":0.4354346570269483,"spread":0.3931134155260546,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00998909,0.0001347174,0.0003457465,0.0001776289,0.001245369,0.00005033827,0.001090539,0.00006169787,0.0001163195],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001464507,0.00007622582,0.00009298184,0.001809045,0.00217993,0.0002237397,0.00009505871,0.0002747069,0.00003015545],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008717953,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00133109,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02327497,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00148547,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9958678,0.0003832334,0.0003580774,0.0003762376,0.002023701,0.0009909775],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987485,0.0003178592,0.0001597066,0.0002495797,0.0001610317,0.0003633304],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004846803,0.00005558168,0.8717868,0.000009724555,0.000005033747,8.485972e-7,0.08978993,0.00000362126,0.000912755,0.006505921,0.001686921,0.02919439],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005332824,0.00102955,0.9544663,0.0003242464,0.000001491406,2.414239e-7,0.04063123,0.000009586471,0.00005356474,0.001381486,0.001432558,0.0001365123],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9604219,0.00008621088,0.000001820297,0.03158716,0.0003431228,0.0007456743,0.00001129941,0.00001957889,0.006783201],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987712,0.0001271945,0.0000039192,0.0006166789,0.000187953,0.00001151282,0.000001266274,0.000005425341,0.0002748546],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.08267944,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9832291,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2026129920","doi":"10.1353/sof.0.0310","title":"Gun Cultures or Honor Cultures? Explaining Regional and Race Differences in Weapon Carrying","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Social Forces","topic":"Gun Ownership and Violence Research","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":112,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Honor; Race (biology); Criminology; Sociology; Gender studies; Computer science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.07833165444621017,"gpt":0.4037090881022435,"spread":0.3253774336560334,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008157438,0.0001338768,0.0002144964,0.00008604009,0.00142569,0.000258025,0.0003204291,0.0002522752,0.0002051451],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004979906,0.00009454466,0.00006025766,0.0003248927,0.0006981565,0.0003630202,0.00006558066,0.0004790014,0.000007902257],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004018034,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001882627,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004284079,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.04610039,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982725,0.0002148459,0.0001690326,0.0002864235,0.0005187467,0.0005384816],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993687,0.0002696213,0.00007496326,0.00006718947,0.00007552597,0.0001439942],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002195918,0.00008292384,0.3263202,0.00006286209,0.0000398309,0.00002619257,0.4790055,6.548738e-7,0.006846352,0.1524193,0.003521012,0.03145553],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001489375,0.0001786848,0.2377335,0.0002391825,0.00002999584,0.000006103029,0.6052315,0.00007477069,0.000667034,0.02517429,0.1281533,0.001022204],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9847513,0.0001725376,0.000003445641,0.004038669,0.0002576019,0.0001962431,0.000004177042,0.0000507642,0.0105253],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9958411,0.0004889922,0.00009958486,0.00009829403,0.0008840172,0.00003538347,0.000004191203,0.000008484637,0.00253996],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.127245,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998743,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2099875739","doi":"10.1016/j.jadohealth.2008.12.005","title":"Rates and Correlates of Violent Behaviors Among Adolescents Treated in an Urban Emergency Department","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Adolescent Health","topic":"Gun Ownership and Violence Research","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":102,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities; National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism","keywords":"Binge drinking; Injury prevention; Poison control; Suicide prevention; Human factors and ergonomics; Medicine; Occupational safety and health; Youth Risk Behavior Survey; Psychiatry; Emergency department; Logistic regression; Demography; Environmental health; Psychology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03974266114794613,"gpt":0.394760403493452,"spread":0.3550177423455059,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001836657,0.0001383783,0.0003864845,0.0003157142,0.0001732719,0.00002724034,0.0002481811,0.00009983179,0.00002924288],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005888833,0.0001141621,0.00008874039,0.0003808116,0.0001416631,0.0003310169,0.00001723858,0.0004139733,0.000001333683],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003083212,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003546237,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008855294,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001298208,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9971748,0.0006086192,0.000849337,0.0001721718,0.0006654204,0.0005296649],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984688,0.00001791506,0.0005727793,0.0001192748,0.0002313365,0.0005898917],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001283411,0.001031919,0.9805367,0.00006296112,0.000004519805,0.00001164554,0.003652452,0.000007244522,0.0001006847,0.00007719694,0.0001756484,0.01421066],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006448162,0.001065796,0.9928914,0.00126116,0.00001157494,0.000002381552,0.003678045,0.00002837986,0.0001222652,0.0001180767,0.00007752669,0.00009861612],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9960654,0.002601693,0.000009389279,0.0006895279,0.0002251756,0.0003631848,0.000003865045,0.000008418645,0.00003335656],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9889181,0.01083606,0.00002523659,0.00006708718,0.000124895,0.000001037445,0.000002161186,0.000007737483,0.00001772571],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01411205,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4655394,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2070803755","doi":"10.2105/ajph.2005.075812","title":"Changing Times: A Longitudinal Analysis of International Firearm Suicide Data","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"American Journal of Public Health","topic":"Gun Ownership and Violence Research","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":94,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"World Health Organization","keywords":"Legislation; Suicide prevention; Injury prevention; Poison control; Environmental health; Human factors and ergonomics; Occupational safety and health; Longitudinal data; Demography; Longitudinal study; Medicine; Geography; Political science; Law; Sociology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1793602414481048,"gpt":0.4649403884378193,"spread":0.2855801469897145,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00914328,0.00006882363,0.0003977805,0.001289606,0.0001929911,0.00008842233,0.001056241,0.00002142636,0.0003710455],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005962673,0.0000579391,0.0001281325,0.003123531,0.0004845246,0.0004912007,0.000106222,0.0001970421,0.000003483276],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002588646,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00197349,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02967364,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00390494,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9971102,0.0005727237,0.0005362026,0.0001571577,0.001069465,0.0005542121],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9978667,0.0002774582,0.0008316605,0.0002422945,0.0004558156,0.0003260758],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001618036,0.0002103331,0.7308027,0.000007603961,0.0005722388,0.00001331697,0.004963778,0.00004728358,0.000008971208,0.004107672,0.00142545,0.2578245],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005414785,0.0007404676,0.8002019,0.0001443198,0.0002062543,0.00002087092,0.09651411,0.003412825,0.000008651233,0.0003187702,0.0976135,0.0002768839],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9102324,0.0007050834,0.01358543,0.06814996,0.0003065619,0.000132017,0.00009403337,0.00002119018,0.006773326],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9978756,0.0005452774,0.0008373137,0.0001683058,0.0003426773,6.206745e-7,0.00003103097,0.000005398436,0.0001937687],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2575476,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9767879,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2520763915","doi":"10.1177/0886260516669545","title":"Post-Discharge Needs of Victims of Gun Violence in Chicago: A Qualitative Study","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Interpersonal Violence","topic":"Gun Ownership and Violence Research","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":88,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities; University of Michigan; Northwestern University","keywords":"Feeling; Rehabilitation; Qualitative research; Medicine; Suicide prevention; Trauma center; Nursing; Poison control; Health care; Occupational safety and health; Emergency department; Medical emergency; Family medicine; Psychology; Physical therapy; Social psychology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03790646114841717,"gpt":0.4018950155734459,"spread":0.3639885544250288,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.005248085,0.0001748131,0.0005663877,0.0006784576,0.00008302764,0.00002006391,0.001014466,0.0001102762,0.0003908689],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001969818,0.000110084,0.0002497026,0.0007944953,0.0007961389,0.0005718789,0.0001055688,0.0003976462,0.00001476889],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002004631,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006775777,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002767148,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006537972,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9957171,0.00124813,0.001035824,0.000177696,0.001349549,0.0004717069],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9965068,0.001109393,0.0008064681,0.0001872066,0.001162814,0.000227394],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001656506,0.001894647,0.178846,0.00008990237,0.0001680242,0.00004466367,0.6926858,0.000002553658,0.05258837,0.004358853,0.00005038337,0.06761429],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001567942,0.002907538,0.03886826,0.009078356,0.00002793096,0.00001206598,0.9402382,0.00001158059,0.004353471,0.002637041,0.00006285132,0.0002346995],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9971351,0.0003577239,0.0002589259,0.001082118,0.0002117208,0.0002644075,0.0000305564,0.000005675804,0.0006537451],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984161,0.001182369,0.000130604,0.0000501212,0.0001135278,0.000007053945,1.998564e-7,0.0000109105,0.00008911566],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2475525,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4489093,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2512131922","doi":"","title":"Implementation and Effectiveness of Connecticut's Risk-Based Gun Removal Law: Does it Prevent Suicides?","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Law and Contemporary Problems","topic":"Gun Ownership and Violence Research","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":88,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"York University","keywords":"Warrant; Statute; Law; Harm; Criminology; Gun control; Adjudication; Poison control; Suicide prevention; Political science; Psychology; Medical emergency; Medicine; Business","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04791483295797307,"gpt":0.345747432738173,"spread":0.2978325997802,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002695944,0.0001068498,0.0002017222,0.00003608709,0.0003320287,0.0000594329,0.0001073902,0.0000755837,0.00006276253],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006057291,0.00006257518,0.0000427963,0.00008770247,0.0006178115,0.000371029,0.00003909305,0.00007045969,0.000002122856],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003271648,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001576518,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.03427042,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01676448,"domain_scores_codex":[0.997987,0.0009779326,0.0002272048,0.000267695,0.0002861486,0.0002540084],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986731,0.0008273968,0.0001406212,0.0001256218,0.0001032363,0.00012996],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003006192,0.0001370486,0.2268388,0.0004499904,0.00008035674,0.00001092926,0.002431161,9.41398e-7,0.01135367,0.7465411,0.0000723154,0.01178308],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01928216,0.003465974,0.07093823,0.00534705,0.0002162501,0.00001254234,0.03251043,0.00007337993,0.1953227,0.4498647,0.221026,0.001940541],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9751937,0.0007431859,0.0003183403,0.001963277,0.0001005167,0.001141186,0.00004818452,0.00004216942,0.02044939],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993364,0.0002512054,0.00004119191,0.0001095328,0.00003533419,0.00005859999,0.000005211336,0.000008436752,0.000154127],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2966764,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9721605,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2934959835","doi":"10.1097/ta.0000000000002287","title":"Lead toxicity from retained bullet fragments: A systematic review and meta-analysis","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"The Journal of Trauma: Injury, Infection, and Critical Care","topic":"Gun Ownership and Violence Research","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":78,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Medicine; Cochrane Library; Meta-analysis; Cohort study; Lead poisoning; Internal medicine","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1697069163052724,"gpt":0.4618473667875671,"spread":0.2921404504822948,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004782767,0.0003487293,0.004646081,0.0002692824,0.000593389,0.0002266814,0.0004376901,0.0003054757,0.0005609185],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002285814,0.00017951,0.001864283,0.0007517836,0.0005505387,0.0002240419,0.00007108078,0.0008997003,0.00001838376],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001724456,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002742738,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001110571,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004262829,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9928303,0.004370598,0.001214392,0.0002694168,0.0009411438,0.0003741088],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9958509,0.00202212,0.0005423611,0.0003852917,0.0009156588,0.0002836582],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"systematic_review","study_design_gemma":"meta_analysis","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002162027,0.0001181827,0.00004123008,0.9244626,0.058298,0.00001179575,0.003982803,2.259602e-7,1.48626e-7,0.001345526,0.001218383,0.01049948],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00008545083,0.000284341,0.00001118235,0.02243645,0.9356069,0.00002992358,0.003423762,5.201211e-7,3.807271e-7,0.0004715518,0.03735347,0.0002960541],"study_design_candidate":"meta_analysis","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.00007226236,0.9970315,0.00009533305,0.001147408,0.0001190805,0.001023692,0.0001280218,0.00001202347,0.0003706892],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.01076128,0.9885258,0.00001425235,0.0002894982,0.0001800534,0.0000262587,0.000007888109,0.00001761741,0.0001773381],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9020261,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7320204,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2090879899","doi":"10.1177/1362480613508424","title":"States, subjects and sovereign power: Lessons from global gun cultures","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Theoretical Criminology","topic":"Gun Ownership and Violence Research","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":73,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"University of Toronto","keywords":"Principle of legality; Sovereignty; Governmentality; Subject (documents); Rationality; State (computer science); Monopoly; Power (physics); Politics; State of exception; Sociology; Law; Sovereign state; Political science; Criminology; Political economy; Economics; Market economy","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05703308340291079,"gpt":0.3769614012901429,"spread":0.3199283178872321,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003408219,0.00012929,0.0002022461,0.00002967599,0.0003119137,0.0001269121,0.0003585524,0.0002588796,0.007320706],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005779208,0.00009793912,0.00004313423,0.00009547618,0.004019652,0.000126969,0.0001471431,0.0002393005,0.0005303558],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006733954,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001140876,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00706082,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003255877,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979247,0.0005550064,0.0001436187,0.0003323217,0.0002990011,0.000745279],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988626,0.000474235,0.00002848163,0.0001933869,0.0001090488,0.0003322219],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002635737,0.00003719786,0.002230096,0.000003097932,0.00001480455,0.000008590996,0.003059734,1.330054e-7,0.000136462,0.9841695,0.001370229,0.008943764],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000209171,0.0001019334,0.01436797,0.000009883476,0.0000154619,0.000002441423,0.01118041,0.00001970521,0.0002200028,0.9720089,0.001726568,0.0001374869],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8642145,0.0004637239,0.0001219076,0.01433461,0.0001221281,0.0002150758,0.00003051482,0.00008560008,0.1204119],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984012,0.000535869,0.0001817033,0.0006358141,0.00009973973,0.000009411193,0.00001139825,0.000007024917,0.0001178183],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1341867,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995512,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2134843405","doi":"10.2466/pr0.94.3.819-826","title":"Gun Control Law (BILL C-17), Suicide, and Homicide in Canada","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Psychological Reports","topic":"Gun Ownership and Violence Research","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":67,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Homicide; Gun control; Suicide prevention; Poison control; Injury prevention; Human factors and ergonomics; Occupational safety and health; Suicide rates; Medicine; Gun violence; Medical emergency; Criminology; Psychology; Law; Political science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0481912374233316,"gpt":0.3729601338564071,"spread":0.3247688964330755,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001215908,0.00009772735,0.0002043323,0.00003593297,0.0001801024,0.00004512816,0.0001342972,0.000108967,0.0002576368],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005763108,0.00006592746,0.00003345564,0.0002145908,0.0003283945,0.00008944641,0.00002444929,0.0002543651,0.000006045236],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003746283,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004720328,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9709685,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9820101,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981135,0.0001466769,0.0003067202,0.0003873546,0.0004752695,0.0005705409],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992007,0.000174053,0.00007914256,0.0001974504,0.00004957211,0.0002990789],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008253829,0.0002184143,0.948274,0.000005700707,0.00001123174,0.006743462,0.0008718547,0.00008709735,0.000324175,0.02583028,0.001905122,0.01564617],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001047927,0.0001222371,0.8827746,0.00006460169,0.000006261937,0.0001202065,0.002074852,0.000003695821,0.00006065517,0.08396527,0.02945285,0.0003068288],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9217129,0.0002794363,0.00001921714,0.007111179,0.000213458,0.0002908033,0.000002003719,0.00002712923,0.07034388],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.997449,0.0001736745,0.00004609117,0.002021207,0.00007145256,0.0000212422,0.000001416452,0.000004896726,0.000210977],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.07573615,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2820942,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1990075997","doi":"10.1080/07481180302890","title":"THE IMPACT OF GUN CONTROL (BILL C-51) ON SUICIDE IN CANADA","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Death Studies","topic":"Gun Ownership and Violence Research","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":64,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Gun control; Legislature; Suicide prevention; Poison control; Legislation; Injury prevention; Population; Human factors and ergonomics; Occupational safety and health; Control (management); Criminology; Law; Psychology; Political science; Medicine; Medical emergency; Environmental health; Economics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1082831927510476,"gpt":0.436068342080659,"spread":0.3277851493296114,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001078124,0.000067571,0.0001655423,0.00003063671,0.0003390519,0.00001238158,0.0001546495,0.00001946993,0.00002006391],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001739943,0.00003204872,0.00004898203,0.0001973205,0.000169986,0.00002897286,0.00001200773,0.00009949349,0.000003663124],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006121931,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001260807,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9680532,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9810959,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986955,0.0003201959,0.0001322823,0.00009850791,0.0003593675,0.000394127],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985595,0.001124083,0.00003932712,0.0001089417,0.0001121755,0.00005595293],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003536348,0.00002613364,0.9741949,0.000004448286,0.0001009625,0.00001105646,0.00429811,0.0001257218,0.00001395991,0.01472854,0.003332438,0.003128411],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001070451,0.0002783592,0.8710015,0.0001238567,0.00001484356,4.362059e-7,0.103739,0.00003579123,0.0002275965,0.008245245,0.01503084,0.0002320087],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9741286,0.002935828,8.484984e-7,0.001732953,0.0001225769,0.000242424,0.000008769714,0.000005389789,0.02082263],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9978244,0.001756863,0.000002090798,0.00004862217,0.00002286986,0.00001670001,1.308822e-7,0.000002848098,0.0003254829],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1031933,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2607747,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2016264728","doi":"10.1503/cmaj.051531","title":"Effect of bodychecking on injury rates among minor ice hockey players","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Medical Association Journal","topic":"Gun Ownership and Violence Research","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":62,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Capital District Health Authority","funders":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research; Alberta Children's Hospital Foundation; University of Alberta; Children's Hospital Foundation","keywords":"Ice hockey; Demography; Confidence interval; Medicine; Emergency department; Injury prevention; Occupational safety and health; Poison control; Medical emergency; Psychiatry; Physical medicine and rehabilitation","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.00873284119501641,"gpt":0.3201928507089078,"spread":0.3114600095138914,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.007245694,0.00009051971,0.0001898732,0.0002435939,0.0005953465,0.000115203,0.000312977,0.0003554201,0.001313535],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004377675,0.00007646556,0.0001057697,0.0003707639,0.0001556681,0.0001529035,0.000008450512,0.0007556978,0.00006920345],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001121244,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002045784,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.09733001,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.173067,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9959891,0.0009318619,0.000295283,0.0001216971,0.002016967,0.000645044],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.997884,0.0006984068,0.0002053946,0.00006136986,0.0002441582,0.0009066389],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002642151,0.00002289586,0.8569514,0.00001253418,0.00003743907,0.00008213682,0.0009556336,0.000006677203,0.00003197391,0.001084989,0.0704797,0.07030816],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002418572,0.001108264,0.6208756,0.0008719961,0.00007643382,0.00001451823,0.00690887,0.0004758323,0.00289756,0.00074614,0.3629271,0.0006791529],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.975277,0.00006700994,0.000005405311,0.005824813,0.0004628825,0.0001140273,0.000007724332,0.00001100115,0.01823013],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9969373,0.00006831392,0.000005636618,0.0004545968,0.001426143,0.000004138464,0.000002856428,0.000007937346,0.001093114],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2924474,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995994,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1552162904","doi":"10.1089/vio.2015.0006","title":"Mass Murder, Mental Illness, and Men","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Violence and Gender","topic":"Gun Ownership and Violence Research","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":58,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Columbia College","funders":"","keywords":"Commit; Psychology; Population; Criminology; Dozen; Psychiatry; Demography; Sociology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1009508344142218,"gpt":0.3781251737909124,"spread":0.2771743393766906,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000802663,0.00007770757,0.00008855297,0.00004516232,0.000379022,0.0000882848,0.0001196618,0.00007321703,0.00008685903],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000657156,0.00006375981,0.0000155749,0.0001254156,0.0003711486,0.0002180725,0.0000559678,0.00009245433,0.0000401046],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003039301,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001308701,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001277153,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001063831,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988843,0.000118791,0.00007912246,0.0002149966,0.0003648019,0.0003380303],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994839,0.00003367402,0.00001937274,0.00008807687,0.00005723768,0.0003177088],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008629511,0.0001017212,0.2736675,0.00007118145,0.00005235671,0.00003130142,0.1310043,0.00000210566,0.001163385,0.03741359,0.01580263,0.5406036],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002233495,0.0002726362,0.02779248,0.0003177992,0.00004190114,0.00001607514,0.5375217,0.0006592175,0.000906649,0.2500894,0.1790581,0.0010905],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.897821,0.007660267,0.0001622873,0.002299345,0.0002715133,0.0003622073,0.000008982414,0.000076321,0.09133806],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9894829,0.009463912,0.00008685431,0.0001440317,0.0001250142,0.00001092458,0.000001803629,0.000005208429,0.0006793705],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5395131,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2915169,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2009230404","doi":"10.1177/0002764209332545","title":"Violent Masculinities as Tropes for School Shooters","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"American Behavioral Scientist","topic":"Gun Ownership and Violence Research","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":54,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Individualism; Context (archaeology); Sociology; Sociocultural evolution; Criminology; Masculinity; Psychology; Social psychology; Gender studies; Political science; History; Law; Anthropology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05445442538314622,"gpt":0.4452063233340623,"spread":0.3907518979509161,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008754405,0.0001478796,0.0002241939,0.0001617696,0.00104983,0.0004103605,0.0006096634,0.00004941834,0.0004671091],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001697308,0.0001318075,0.0001826047,0.0007255242,0.001644408,0.0003383682,0.00003822639,0.0001542083,0.0002310694],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002372933,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003931946,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01171931,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001246691,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9974766,0.0001604397,0.0002118276,0.0004227727,0.0008399863,0.0008883711],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988741,0.00005778729,0.00009795026,0.0002445384,0.0001792474,0.0005463485],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001563346,0.0007623516,0.04130095,0.000008205782,0.00001562588,0.0000499839,0.008562747,0.000005752252,0.003496934,0.02188287,0.01495953,0.9087987],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001880782,0.005163408,0.2046624,0.0002075562,0.0001803972,0.00001313934,0.1833709,0.00005003212,0.00195719,0.006707278,0.5940214,0.001785543],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9842464,0.00007436205,0.0002355568,0.005127294,0.0004185916,0.0006389834,0.00002678793,0.0001368985,0.009095067],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9932635,0.0001292816,0.0009826935,0.0005707272,0.0002582897,0.00005880801,0.00001355392,0.00001061985,0.004712545],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9070132,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9948617,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2260351763","doi":"10.1111/acem.12930","title":"A Geospatial Analysis of Severe Firearm Injuries Compared to Other Injury Mechanisms: Event Characteristics, Location, Timing, and Outcomes","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Academic Emergency Medicine","topic":"Gun Ownership and Violence Research","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":52,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"St. Michael's Hospital","funders":"National Institutes of Health; University of Toronto; Medical College of Wisconsin; University of Alabama at Birmingham; Canadian Institutes of Health Research; American Heart Association; University of Washington; NorthShore University HealthSystem; Medical Research and Materiel Command; University of Pittsburgh; Johns Hopkins University; Oregon Health and Science University; University of California; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada","keywords":"Medicine; Geospatial analysis; Medical emergency; Poison control; Event (particle physics); Injury prevention; Emergency medicine; Occupational safety and health; Mass-casualty incident; Cartography; Pathology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05854946920265796,"gpt":0.4192057656924002,"spread":0.3606562964897422,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001636413,0.0001418535,0.0004574999,0.000374002,0.0001686579,0.000001173346,0.0003442548,0.0001495206,0.003067771],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001991262,0.00008938967,0.00006158698,0.001043902,0.0003105772,0.0001182968,0.0000802597,0.0001516325,0.00002315151],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006550051,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000107873,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004861956,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001097959,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9977642,0.0001930371,0.0006769276,0.0002890574,0.0007129936,0.0003637413],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987836,0.0001846057,0.0002375995,0.0002123652,0.0003115813,0.0002702297],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005339138,0.00002801858,0.9624982,0.00002963106,0.0003070193,2.563411e-7,0.01801839,0.0000013325,0.002534388,0.005456388,0.003228853,0.007844137],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003783404,0.0002019041,0.976926,0.0003560029,0.0005471071,1.300903e-7,0.006394958,0.00008639914,0.0003374331,0.003516372,0.01095823,0.000297102],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9822134,0.0002991141,0.003415582,0.01272465,0.0004507256,0.000347915,0.00005935337,0.00003899281,0.0004502507],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9951818,0.0022998,0.00004211276,0.000226847,0.0002107827,0.00002778027,0.000007415373,0.0000106895,0.001992775],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01442782,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9978436,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2167982867","doi":"10.1017/s1481803500011131","title":"Youth violence secondary prevention initiatives in emergency departments: a systematic review","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Canadian Journal of Emergency Medicine","topic":"Gun Ownership and Violence Research","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":51,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Sunnybrook Health Science Centre; University of Toronto; St. Michael's Hospital","funders":"","keywords":"Medicine; Psychological intervention; CINAHL; Randomized controlled trial; Poison control; MEDLINE; Emergency department; Suicide prevention; Retrospective cohort study; Injury prevention; Family medicine; Occupational safety and health; Emergency medicine; Psychiatry; Surgery","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.236239974184365,"gpt":0.4784382740888047,"spread":0.2421982999044398,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00719112,0.0004286446,0.003021955,0.001234514,0.0002797679,0.0000118779,0.001197926,0.0002890208,0.006712824],"category_scores_gemma":[0.005589983,0.0003074067,0.0006760855,0.002073466,0.0001953667,0.0004585656,0.00001573886,0.001094407,0.0000488098],"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007935833,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.008437018,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006715746,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0736672,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9915236,0.002791026,0.003518688,0.0003250565,0.0009744208,0.0008671861],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99547,0.0001206092,0.002118825,0.0003572833,0.0006086907,0.001324575],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"systematic_review","study_design_gemma":"systematic_review","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003432269,0.00007098103,0.0001393891,0.8288492,0.0003160095,0.0002627858,0.007763581,1.438679e-7,3.126862e-8,0.000640772,0.006394817,0.1555588],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000139303,0.0002625805,0.00002369895,0.8349144,0.00157276,0.000009722736,0.004074092,1.187905e-7,1.097887e-8,0.0008722804,0.1578433,0.0002877438],"study_design_candidate":"systematic_review","study_design_consensus":"systematic_review","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.00000723269,0.9848074,0.00001080042,0.0004281009,0.003224338,0.001981089,0.0000300845,0.000006524883,0.009504431],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0001497578,0.9981,0.000007970681,0.00005438958,0.000877827,0.00005401324,0.00003911289,0.00002843982,0.0006885256],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1552711,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999378,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2582383738","doi":"10.1038/s41562-016-0040","title":"Economic insecurity and the rise in gun violence at US schools","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nature Human Behaviour","topic":"Gun Ownership and Violence Research","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":48,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Kellogg's (Canada)","funders":"Northwestern University","keywords":"Gun violence; Demographic economics; Unemployment; Unemployment rate; Period (music); Distress; Injury prevention; Suicide rates; Suicide prevention; Demography; Poison control; Criminology; Human factors and ergonomics; Psychology; Economics; Medicine; Medical emergency; Economic growth; Sociology; Clinical psychology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02731839614011138,"gpt":0.3886028936186527,"spread":0.3612844974785413,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002090095,0.0001138221,0.0001779623,0.00007098338,0.002383484,0.0004218816,0.000957597,0.000352605,0.0002135362],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003596877,0.00008210941,0.00006288367,0.00004021341,0.001135408,0.0003300293,0.0002871493,0.001182532,0.00006747688],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000271459,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001335666,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01439268,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.08451455,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985048,0.0003092144,0.0001555536,0.0003076477,0.0003055067,0.0004172765],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991056,0.0000884723,0.0001166277,0.0004974784,0.00004528925,0.0001464881],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003578141,0.00002173331,0.9706035,0.000003516912,0.000002639604,0.00001255947,0.001643598,1.737472e-7,0.00002271411,0.02497779,0.0004624793,0.002213559],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009934156,0.00001512542,0.9856666,0.00008316218,0.000009127671,0.000001227222,0.0008209552,0.000005116623,0.00006018055,0.008427273,0.003786698,0.0001310689],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9890685,0.001457346,7.281906e-8,0.002443149,0.0002122639,0.0003645459,0.00001067128,0.00002086674,0.006422548],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9977614,0.001116973,0.000006762668,0.00007885104,0.0002371193,0.00003154261,0.000001714226,0.000008215197,0.0007574735],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.07012187,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9989153,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2031029203","doi":"10.1080/09546553.2014.849933","title":"Political Elements in Post-Columbine School Shootings in Europe and North America","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Terrorism and Political Violence","topic":"Gun Ownership and Violence Research","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":47,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Deed; Politics; Terrorism; Criminology; Resistance (ecology); Political violence; Political science; Poison control; Intimidation; Law; Sociology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0215490782698472,"gpt":0.3193744787329435,"spread":0.2978254004630963,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004393413,0.0001472357,0.0002265484,0.000135069,0.0001529094,0.0001428954,0.0002463971,0.0001000746,0.000305384],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001318119,0.0001368742,0.00002010344,0.0004843558,0.0008479013,0.0003455738,0.0001595577,0.0004256498,0.0001593289],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001030451,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002198023,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.05955178,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002621047,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9970415,0.0003139343,0.0003342527,0.0003883298,0.0003775648,0.001544421],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984202,0.0002400378,0.00002930032,0.0001484049,0.0001265743,0.001035454],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001157348,0.0001038295,0.9041786,0.0000281468,0.000002874977,0.00002657058,0.00124818,4.868854e-8,0.00005259673,0.07144424,0.00007026776,0.02283306],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004086777,0.0001520896,0.9768257,0.0001930497,0.000004249835,0.000002570437,0.01139917,0.0001400861,0.000009471353,0.009582629,0.001054974,0.0002273437],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9796811,0.0001353362,0.000005405904,0.007301637,0.00004349279,0.0003597275,0.00001122071,0.00002877359,0.01243331],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.997197,0.0003572302,0.00008596989,0.00199788,0.0001214653,0.00004406436,0.000005441307,0.00001050892,0.0001804748],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.07264709,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9467108,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3002137321","doi":"10.7326/m19-2944","title":"Firearm Storage Maps: A Pragmatic Approach to Reduce Firearm Suicide During Times of Risk","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Annals of Internal Medicine","topic":"Gun Ownership and Violence Research","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":46,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Medicine; Medical emergency; Poison control; Suicide prevention; Human factors and ergonomics; Injury prevention; Occupational safety and health; Emergency medicine","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1073495232517297,"gpt":0.4086650277664411,"spread":0.3013155045147114,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001531754,0.0001237926,0.0004035859,0.0001433832,0.00009490714,0.00001237354,0.0005875528,0.00006438789,0.0004536065],"category_scores_gemma":[0.005016301,0.0000936814,0.00009411357,0.0005051466,0.000407069,0.0001126168,0.000104512,0.0002624328,0.00003285961],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002153912,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001017976,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01099184,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00008249126,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9977308,0.0002953215,0.0004417489,0.0002451652,0.0009048182,0.0003821779],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985133,0.000340163,0.0002334403,0.0001846137,0.0002913996,0.0004370897],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.003449478,0.001236168,0.08999867,0.002898821,0.0008734532,0.0001531345,0.6675049,0.0004170983,0.04602862,0.01255574,0.09561706,0.07926688],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.008752546,0.009930992,0.2292063,0.02341285,0.0004605869,0.00004268894,0.4136351,0.004360212,0.2449809,0.01302747,0.04981282,0.002377479],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9372194,0.0008313817,0.0001853393,0.01715948,0.00009313324,0.0003395425,0.00002452388,0.00003244711,0.04411474],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9976321,0.0005579527,0.0001929429,0.0005226508,0.0004482836,0.00001051302,0.000003124808,0.00001230517,0.0006200615],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2538698,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9955941,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2062590759","doi":"10.2105/ajph.2014.301928","title":"State Firearm Laws, Firearm Ownership, and Safety Practices Among Families of Preschool-Aged Children","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"American Journal of Public Health","topic":"Gun Ownership and Violence Research","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":45,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; National Institutes of Health","keywords":"Legislation; Poison control; Legislature; Injury prevention; Occupational safety and health; Suicide prevention; Human factors and ergonomics; Environmental health; State (computer science); Business; Law; Multinomial logistic regression; Medicine; Political science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04826409363973412,"gpt":0.3721411994419027,"spread":0.3238771058021686,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.014296,0.0001360994,0.0005269753,0.0002801811,0.0004537037,0.0001607608,0.0005044494,0.00004714719,0.00005335655],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004179669,0.0001033414,0.00009362849,0.0007080067,0.001636631,0.0008879652,0.00006423786,0.0005854489,0.000003053703],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001531069,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001894856,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0373335,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003858845,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9941379,0.003204309,0.0006721098,0.0002085755,0.001014995,0.0007620784],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9951215,0.001007852,0.002279307,0.0002014255,0.0003703092,0.001019655],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004384487,0.00008274515,0.7016261,0.00002394428,0.00005658702,0.000001253353,0.01107932,0.00000258282,0.00001080563,0.0005011211,0.000268787,0.2863029],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004346341,0.001039049,0.9566144,0.0000889327,0.00001004196,0.000009413111,0.02841535,0.00002478166,0.00001078228,0.0002443107,0.01298202,0.0001263004],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9798518,0.0003400796,0.0002578714,0.0173721,0.00007782394,0.0002060235,0.0000111884,0.00001778992,0.001865351],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9915375,0.007060986,0.0006871974,0.0003468767,0.0002102255,0.000002202744,0.000002529064,0.00001405744,0.0001384047],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2861766,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.969077,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2560430026","doi":"10.1136/injuryprev-2016-042162","title":"School shootings during 2013–2015 in the USA","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Injury Prevention","topic":"Gun Ownership and Violence Research","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":45,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Canada Research Chairs; U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission","keywords":"Per capita; Demography; Poison control; Injury prevention; Suicide prevention; Newspaper; Occupational safety and health; Rate ratio; Medicine; Demographic economics; Geography; Environmental health; Economics; Business; Advertising; Sociology; Population","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0495932071527705,"gpt":0.4126213277381951,"spread":0.3630281205854246,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002072009,0.00005242386,0.00005826288,0.00008441167,0.0002348309,0.00006499618,0.000323126,0.00006535983,0.000802249],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003857373,0.00002975994,0.00004995671,0.0002539973,0.0001074632,0.0004125143,0.00003567247,0.0001185076,0.0006313723],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000111166,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001043599,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001615348,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005325389,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984416,0.0005324769,0.0001375382,0.0001485372,0.0004229769,0.0003169184],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996132,0.00008706565,0.00004333604,0.0001457559,0.00004220702,0.00006845469],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001029511,0.0002247919,0.8098392,0.00003036615,0.00001346884,0.000008640081,0.00583312,6.757029e-7,0.02674472,0.01104711,0.009584062,0.1365709],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005795057,0.0001101048,0.9297709,0.0004078918,0.000008007501,0.000001374916,0.004547856,0.000002240417,0.001903882,0.0193101,0.04314063,0.0002174862],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9876627,0.0000407394,0.00005410573,0.00592253,0.0001110935,0.0002567035,0.000001301366,0.00002121337,0.005929556],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9897188,0.0002606911,0.00002156855,0.00003716678,0.0002121017,0.00003733156,4.240461e-7,0.000004020777,0.00970792],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1363534,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8784064,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2946495310","doi":"10.1177/1088767919849642","title":"A Ferguson Effect, the Drug Epidemic, Both, or Neither? Explaining the 2015 and 2016 U.S. Homicide Rises by Race and Ethnicity","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Homicide Studies","topic":"Gun Ownership and Violence Research","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":44,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"","keywords":"Homicide; Ethnic group; Disadvantaged; Criminology; Race (biology); Demography; Poison control; Injury prevention; Suicide prevention; Medicine; Political science; Psychology; Sociology; Environmental health; Law; Gender studies","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04630139392307907,"gpt":0.396554966918683,"spread":0.3502535729956039,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.005448611,0.000238265,0.0004755827,0.00004499119,0.001450254,0.0001493141,0.0004155875,0.00008589769,0.00005298149],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001597142,0.0001075881,0.00006821176,0.0002142911,0.001078504,0.0002448956,0.0003430954,0.0004070453,0.00005647913],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001297406,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001101674,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006720852,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004814201,"domain_scores_codex":[0.99686,0.001387888,0.0002496089,0.0004138465,0.0004225753,0.000666034],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9927985,0.006589666,0.0001102578,0.0002983362,0.00008409969,0.0001191241],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006710629,0.00003954015,0.59188,0.0001238869,0.0003387827,0.000008590837,0.1299537,0.000008143142,0.002863079,0.001165946,0.2213775,0.05156986],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004138807,0.0008640903,0.1921265,0.001329154,0.0003405943,0.00002068819,0.5891488,0.0003405951,0.005543571,0.004278937,0.2003461,0.001522259],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9277689,0.04755898,0.000007293789,0.02191993,0.0002187546,0.0008568857,0.000009506341,0.00005099999,0.001608765],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9472289,0.04504306,0.00002173443,0.0005729829,0.0001899458,0.000067884,7.621973e-7,0.00002000408,0.006854687],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4591951,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998935,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2113096920","doi":"10.1111/j.1553-2712.2010.00810.x","title":"Community‐based Participatory Research: Development of an Emergency Department–based Youth Violence Intervention Using Concept Mapping","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Academic Emergency Medicine","topic":"Gun Ownership and Violence Research","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":44,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Systems, Applications & Products in Data Processing (Canada); University of Toronto; St. Michael's Hospital","funders":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","keywords":"Teachable moment; Medicine; Brainstorming; Intervention (counseling); Psychological intervention; Emergency department; Participatory action research; Medical education; Qualitative research; Nursing; Psychology; Sociology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.5363068072853486,"gpt":0.5262153568507939,"spread":0.01009145043455473,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01863452,0.0002240105,0.0003503727,0.000516814,0.001545652,0.000002508977,0.001248993,0.0003677729,0.003159773],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002363579,0.0002018668,0.000101622,0.001419364,0.001352105,0.0003360531,0.0001405582,0.002496156,0.00001777118],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001663791,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007809193,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005972755,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003692036,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9921755,0.003136254,0.001424458,0.0003846898,0.001840404,0.001038692],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9975004,0.0002257377,0.000410456,0.0005507278,0.0007426205,0.0005700483],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000221801,0.001427088,0.3965707,0.0007927734,0.0001376234,0.000007629446,0.359411,0.0001152807,0.1898317,0.002886401,0.001273294,0.04732471],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005977385,0.002017417,0.109339,0.009252425,0.0003359802,0.000001745741,0.7288588,0.0144706,0.08441126,0.01155708,0.03134444,0.002433831],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9938064,0.000673927,0.001996904,0.000396292,0.001459158,0.0005845805,0.00001212338,0.00007498624,0.0009955999],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982964,0.0003669253,0.0005685183,0.00003742028,0.000472986,0.00006188641,0.00008419598,0.0000262035,0.00008548843],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3694478,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998052,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2945104471","doi":"10.1016/s2468-2667(19)30018-0","title":"Geospatial, racial, and educational variation in firearm mortality in the USA, Mexico, Brazil, and Colombia, 1990–2015: a comparative analysis of vital statistics data","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Lancet Public Health","topic":"Gun Ownership and Violence Research","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":44,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Centre for Addiction and Mental Health; University of Toronto; Centre for Global Health Research; St. Michael's Hospital","funders":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research; University of Toronto; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Homicide; Demography; Medicine; Poison control; Injury prevention; Population; Mortality rate; Occupational safety and health; Cause of death; Geography; Suicide prevention; Environmental health","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.2481637093665391,"gpt":0.5041582822279276,"spread":0.2559945728613885,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.009354624,0.00006509143,0.0003379895,0.0001435463,0.000200259,0.0001256563,0.0004957554,0.00004439305,0.0001348563],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000517702,0.00004337395,0.0000119519,0.00109971,0.0003122547,0.000306494,0.00009933762,0.0002091848,0.000004323532],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008914345,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001281237,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.1435142,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.4118378,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9970324,0.001610379,0.0002728795,0.000225858,0.0005028585,0.0003555971],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980491,0.00124284,0.0001656161,0.0003750159,0.00007981213,0.00008764245],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001169852,0.0001143195,0.8928918,0.00002500471,0.00004778003,1.583532e-7,0.05030116,0.00001093129,0.00000214583,0.05451179,0.0009880658,0.001095092],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002274932,0.00003955406,0.9850819,0.00000978976,0.0000139708,1.320133e-7,0.005310925,0.005425048,1.057777e-7,0.00183897,0.002004782,0.0000473758],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9640075,0.0001856199,0.0001490859,0.033788,0.00004422146,0.0004810047,0.0004399469,0.000003121159,0.0009014879],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982787,0.000670545,0.0001131495,0.000637279,0.00006271641,0.00001578017,0.0001784672,0.000001925191,0.00004144795],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2683235,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8621892,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3042270457","doi":"10.9778/cmajo.20190200","title":"Death and long-term disability after gun injury: a cohort analysis","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"CMAJ Open","topic":"Gun Ownership and Violence Research","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":43,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Institute of Health Services and Policy Research; University of Toronto; Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences; Sunnybrook Health Science Centre","funders":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research; Physicians' Services Incorporated Foundation","keywords":"Medicine; Hazard ratio; Poison control; Injury prevention; Cohort; Emergency medicine; Occupational safety and health; Population; Cohort study; Emergency department; Suicide prevention; Confidence interval; Medical emergency; Pediatrics; Psychiatry; Internal medicine; Environmental health","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.08064783143660922,"gpt":0.417707317190822,"spread":0.3370594857542129,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009704707,0.00007987644,0.0002235448,0.00002602251,0.0002455844,0.0004107464,0.0005434265,0.0000650196,0.001963035],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002427309,0.00006527221,0.00007244139,0.0006676838,0.0003656742,0.0003265962,0.000411337,0.0001215917,0.00007464502],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006245093,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001026564,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.008455576,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006905748,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986043,0.0002735594,0.0001283504,0.0003588356,0.0003309934,0.0003039562],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992763,0.00007325183,0.00002792535,0.0002103537,0.00005009696,0.0003620443],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005633272,0.0000268243,0.9905008,0.000009465988,0.00008618207,0.000005374533,0.002973618,1.469146e-7,0.000006844711,0.0003759767,0.0001036417,0.005854783],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00008411348,0.00003718993,0.9970263,0.000007558812,0.000103964,5.292646e-8,0.0006066826,0.00001866669,0.00002019258,0.0001796427,0.001815508,0.0001001448],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9848017,0.00006436239,0.0000628714,0.005733422,0.00002051696,0.0005687143,0.00001593559,0.00002253958,0.008709977],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998804,0.0001192495,0.00004625131,0.0004171141,0.00009756235,0.00007414078,0.000007539173,0.000005142003,0.0004289846],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01400236,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9989493,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2995161249","doi":"10.1080/13573322.2019.1702940","title":"‘I hurt myself because it sometimes helps’: former athletes’ embodied emotion responses to abuse using self-injury","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Sport Education and Society","topic":"Gun Ownership and Violence Research","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":43,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Laurentian University","funders":"","keywords":"Embodied cognition; Athletes; Psychology; Dysfunctional family; Psychological abuse; Poison control; Clinical psychology; Social psychology; Suicide prevention; Sexual abuse; Medicine; Physical therapy; Medical emergency","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03506537230659518,"gpt":0.3794311427450591,"spread":0.3443657704384639,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001502132,0.0001367948,0.0001830446,0.0001045384,0.0006530244,0.0001611462,0.0001784188,0.0001687254,0.0004829036],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006262031,0.0001309228,0.0001292819,0.0004975086,0.0001147534,0.0004308177,0.00003389508,0.0001717573,0.0001752873],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002570385,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001094662,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006159965,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004294429,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983754,0.00009262017,0.0002190023,0.0003522291,0.0004960268,0.0004646869],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990734,0.00006999151,0.00008368604,0.0002311065,0.0002307957,0.0003110181],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000655456,0.0005256677,0.1948116,0.00009888985,0.00007209195,5.072928e-7,0.7659437,0.000002346173,0.001327923,0.006150379,0.01510142,0.01589991],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003674995,0.0001554211,0.07740352,0.0002160398,0.00005977048,0.000002904992,0.651689,0.0001705106,0.0004362029,0.0005551591,0.2683707,0.0005733195],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9916438,0.0001208669,0.00001288405,0.002141362,0.0005869117,0.0005932468,0.000004646944,0.00008357753,0.004812658],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.978604,0.001203972,0.00189311,0.001450898,0.0003478394,0.00002614906,0.00001415092,0.0000166808,0.01644316],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2532693,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5338878,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2134018870","doi":"10.1177/0093854811435208","title":"The Violent Crime Linkage Analysis System","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Criminal Justice and Behavior","topic":"Gun Ownership and Violence Research","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":42,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Carleton University; Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"","keywords":"Linkage (software); Inter-rater reliability; Officer; Psychology; Reliability (semiconductor); Misconduct; Engineering; Computer security; Computer science; Political science; Law; Developmental psychology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.08289267560503771,"gpt":0.3987147150377063,"spread":0.3158220394326686,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001556003,0.00009851567,0.0001395007,0.00009038649,0.00162518,0.0001960318,0.0002556898,0.00009178776,0.00005100278],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009748445,0.00006406021,0.0001040972,0.0003866713,0.0003601588,0.0001822644,0.00006222416,0.0001832685,0.00008633044],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008388033,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006793597,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001173383,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002040323,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982957,0.0002559756,0.000162691,0.0001616828,0.000473378,0.0006505201],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990202,0.000271902,0.00004989802,0.0001937943,0.000116227,0.0003479965],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001533462,0.00133392,0.2867178,0.002186555,0.0004258399,0.0001248409,0.1236204,0.000002220112,0.002234619,0.3062834,0.0009444492,0.2759726],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001376694,0.00006332563,0.2886359,0.00005542898,0.03825449,0.000005868635,0.6676419,0.00003930575,0.0002394487,0.000009493237,0.004675817,0.0002413573],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9907505,0.002092611,0.0000940312,0.0001691449,0.0004167616,0.0001888043,0.000004911473,0.00005087479,0.006232371],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9976971,0.0007681828,0.0000468376,0.00004060355,0.00058739,0.00005300784,0.000002779253,0.000006377485,0.0007977958],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5440215,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996746,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2171828320","doi":"10.1177/0886260511433515","title":"Canadian Firearms Legislation and Effects on Homicide 1974 to 2008","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Interpersonal Violence","topic":"Gun Ownership and Violence Research","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":40,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"U.S. Department of Justice","keywords":"Homicide; Legislation; Poison control; Population; Injury prevention; Demography; Medicine; Environmental health; Political science; Law; Sociology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02241826812338655,"gpt":0.3340612496958865,"spread":0.3116429815724999,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001397896,0.00008990164,0.0001458901,0.0002764421,0.0002242268,0.00006974524,0.000236159,0.00007242629,0.00008979867],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005674131,0.00007109456,0.00006370567,0.0001936963,0.0000866685,0.0003858189,0.00001943925,0.0002804885,0.00008085455],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004418356,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003796713,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0439501,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01623075,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998544,0.0001821784,0.0001745782,0.00009595315,0.0005005416,0.0005027361],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984903,0.0002750463,0.0000859573,0.00006440083,0.0001461075,0.0009381354],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002710501,0.00009531878,0.5116245,0.0000281744,0.00004524087,0.00007121583,0.04034497,0.00001058789,0.002876377,0.003190031,0.007119344,0.4343232],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001034751,0.002144353,0.8735595,0.006663753,0.0000545008,0.0001505567,0.02466645,0.0001203221,0.00683202,0.001326995,0.08267682,0.0007699997],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9908199,0.0006156109,0.00006675175,0.004745397,0.0005099363,0.0001257069,0.000002809754,0.000005087209,0.003108802],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9972277,0.0004228942,0.0001740631,0.001139813,0.0008505268,0.000002418152,2.533661e-7,0.000006626096,0.0001756964],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4335532,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9624163,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1975984495","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0111893","title":"Gun Possession among American Youth: A Discovery-Based Approach to Understand Gun Violence","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"PLoS ONE","topic":"Gun Ownership and Violence Research","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":40,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"York University; NYU Langone Medical Center","keywords":"Possession (linguistics); Poison control; Injury prevention; Suicide prevention; Human factors and ergonomics; Psychology; Occupational safety and health; Medicine; Environmental health","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1133947477170654,"gpt":0.3160425350185015,"spread":0.2026477873014361,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001144974,0.0001488536,0.0002829282,0.0001479578,0.0005111812,0.0002459828,0.0005530885,0.00007972771,0.00004064808],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007159013,0.0001260561,0.0000668193,0.0008133232,0.0008827979,0.0003182441,0.0000806672,0.0002350916,0.00007237731],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001889925,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000219072,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006541891,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001036099,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9969646,0.0004684372,0.0001799684,0.0004454927,0.00125248,0.0006890284],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987813,0.0002244739,0.00008536396,0.0003621171,0.000124951,0.0004218134],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008943769,0.01553146,0.6892536,0.0007236757,0.0004049621,0.00001346962,0.1684143,0.0006855726,0.0173733,0.05272975,0.0009084101,0.05306716],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003800945,0.003380638,0.1269446,0.009127602,0.0005610181,4.594493e-7,0.7982954,0.01845941,0.02226089,0.01217641,0.001009799,0.003982796],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9642085,0.00002051608,0.01272737,0.001099326,0.00003274902,0.0004872532,0.00001517413,0.0001017695,0.02130728],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9971347,0.00006622828,0.001773235,0.0002910442,0.0002071289,0.00002806553,0.00001520189,0.00001944225,0.0004649481],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6298811,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9889426,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2035372046","doi":"10.1136/ip.2009.022491","title":"Firearms regulation and declining rates of male suicide in Quebec","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Injury Prevention","topic":"Gun Ownership and Violence Research","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":40,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal; Institut National de Santé Publique du Québec","funders":"McGill University","keywords":"Poisson regression; Demography; Suicide prevention; Poison control; Injury prevention; Occupational safety and health; Human factors and ergonomics; Medicine; Suicide rates; Suicide methods; Environmental health; Population; Sociology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05496360874119426,"gpt":0.4280142132220452,"spread":0.3730506044808509,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001383719,0.00003440617,0.00006799449,0.00008595797,0.00007806435,0.00002867177,0.00006679301,0.00007983975,0.0002759545],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002719506,0.00003318434,0.00002209025,0.0001705109,0.0001388443,0.0002656713,0.00001871518,0.0001157667,0.000006715997],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001810887,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009400171,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0342473,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.1611766,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993006,0.0001518667,0.0001456855,0.000101713,0.0001666215,0.0001335294],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997008,0.00008881273,0.00005805521,0.00006867809,0.00004530436,0.00003835102],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003623423,0.00004834968,0.7164262,0.00001785759,0.000003012565,5.454172e-7,0.0030169,0.000001106325,0.04074642,0.008268177,0.0000508999,0.2313843],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001809673,0.00004971713,0.9760591,0.0001097997,0.000004010824,3.202943e-7,0.001989154,0.0001086462,0.00647256,0.01377961,0.001175086,0.00007102843],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9967963,0.00003236545,0.00003677175,0.0003000692,0.00008295843,0.0001399465,8.251489e-7,0.000008813996,0.002601939],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9957681,0.0000543463,0.0002252727,0.000004711831,0.00005204642,0.000007285533,0.000003257426,0.000002836834,0.003882146],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2596329,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9721837,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2056763261","doi":"10.1016/j.socscimed.2013.08.032","title":"The pill hustle: Risky pain management for a gunshot victim","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Social Science & Medicine","topic":"Gun Ownership and Violence Research","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":40,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Pill; Medicine; Health care; Occupational safety and health; Ethnography; Suicide prevention; Gunshot wound; Poison control; Injury prevention; Medical emergency; Family medicine; Criminology; Psychiatry; Nursing; Psychology; Surgery; Sociology; Political science; Law","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0554540943957538,"gpt":0.403718641673862,"spread":0.3482645472781082,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":["sts"],"category_scores_codex":[0.01451663,0.0001158294,0.0001581609,0.0001134598,0.005924135,0.0002236555,0.001229036,0.00007057518,0.0006536095],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00206137,0.00006892686,0.00006529899,0.001486258,0.005612132,0.0003318502,0.00008167098,0.000174778,0.00006312368],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002754651,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003050806,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003717666,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005803267,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9963152,0.0003183267,0.0002284562,0.0003513772,0.001640155,0.001146452],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983143,0.00066409,0.00008782702,0.0002010479,0.0004174578,0.0003153291],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001949549,0.00005194312,0.003926244,0.00002587856,0.00001929146,0.000002230665,0.07004452,3.592098e-7,0.0005687499,0.1679595,0.1085023,0.6488795],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000733901,0.0002435461,0.01261136,0.00008100145,0.00002770161,3.016414e-7,0.2340703,0.0002604281,0.00004454605,0.0528895,0.698766,0.0002714447],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.09243826,0.0006087385,0.00212624,0.2195448,0.002225585,0.004961876,0.000005107493,0.0002138828,0.6778755],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9921902,0.0003801361,0.00005543225,0.001144621,0.001345905,0.0003507065,0.000002034358,0.000008535071,0.004522449],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8997519,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.997094,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4200177403","doi":"10.1057/s41599-021-00993-6","title":"Impacts of school shooter drills on the psychological well-being of American K-12 school communities: a social media study","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Humanities and Social Sciences Communications","topic":"Gun Ownership and Violence Research","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":40,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Microsoft (Canada)","funders":"Georgia Institute of Technology","keywords":"Mental health; Psychology; Social media; Anxiety; Toll; Grit; Applied psychology; Medical education; Social psychology; Political science; Medicine; Psychiatry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.3031829633861055,"gpt":0.4533406208756875,"spread":0.150157657489582,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":["sts"],"category_scores_codex":[0.002545212,0.0001210706,0.0003037543,0.0001183971,0.005978481,0.0002678672,0.00168365,0.00006845278,0.0006877745],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006592248,0.00008915783,0.0001118601,0.0006623937,0.01020218,0.0002082071,0.0005033194,0.000464771,0.000008448393],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007038406,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003480505,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.007421704,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.04730338,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9959036,0.002383674,0.0003572617,0.0001647775,0.0007945017,0.0003962269],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9965855,0.0023424,0.0002308645,0.0004777415,0.000291008,0.0000724642],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001716358,0.0007079448,0.05714998,0.00001122443,0.00004621065,8.271293e-7,0.484472,4.29047e-7,0.00006462394,0.4543263,0.0008116358,0.002391701],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001721886,0.0001911906,0.1155801,0.00003965232,0.00001956413,3.134351e-7,0.8751831,0.00001057093,0.00001224544,0.005698879,0.002976765,0.0001153931],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9032623,0.0001266917,0.000001511397,0.007795287,0.00005004261,0.0002534949,0.00001109429,0.00002146708,0.08847819],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9978721,0.001098808,0.00005903818,0.0006746979,0.0001305014,0.00003689152,0.000005340245,0.000006301103,0.0001162924],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4486274,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9991879,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2938127969","doi":"10.1037/lhb0000327","title":"Proximal predictors of gun violence among adolescent males involved in crime.","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Law and Human Behavior","topic":"Gun Ownership and Violence Research","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":39,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","keywords":"PsycINFO; Psychology; Poison control; Legal psychology; Human factors and ergonomics; Injury prevention; Suicide prevention; Gun violence; Salience (neuroscience); Longitudinal study; Occupational safety and health; Criminology; Social psychology; Clinical psychology; Developmental psychology; Medical emergency; Medicine; Political science; MEDLINE","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04172493752955805,"gpt":0.3377085385622066,"spread":0.2959836010326485,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004910394,0.00009102924,0.0001719287,0.00007376978,0.0001665903,0.00004522473,0.0002295082,0.0001062322,0.0002429],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001162339,0.00008148541,0.00004231909,0.0001128761,0.000702452,0.0001987403,0.00006507982,0.0001855442,0.00001175328],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004481022,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006388956,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.008877832,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01137967,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998731,0.0001238444,0.0001990444,0.0002307992,0.0003681541,0.0003471974],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995787,0.00002543594,0.00005591743,0.0001569566,0.00005884191,0.0001241435],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009379381,0.0001678779,0.938612,0.00004498082,0.000001691716,0.000004156622,0.001490023,1.067301e-7,0.002050801,0.05724345,0.000008784526,0.000366732],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002873655,0.0001020436,0.9942979,0.00033318,0.00001159331,1.085436e-7,0.00293863,0.000001497648,0.00120274,0.0003304796,0.0003868353,0.0001076586],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.992678,0.00009308726,2.653082e-7,0.00002375958,0.00008226115,0.0005532136,0.000005280213,0.00002338863,0.006540728],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993368,0.00007461817,0.00001183674,0.00002549235,0.00005982221,0.00003841465,0.000003835821,0.000007970032,0.0004411967],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.05691297,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9977221,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4221122453","doi":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2022.107020","title":"The changing epidemiology of interpersonal firearm violence during the COVID-19 pandemic in Philadelphia, PA","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Preventive Medicine","topic":"Gun Ownership and Violence Research","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":39,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","keywords":"Medicine; Epidemiology; Shot (pellet); Pandemic; Injury prevention; Suicide prevention; Poison control; Demography; Occupational safety and health; Quarter (Canadian coin); Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); Environmental health; Medical emergency; Disease; Geography; Infectious disease (medical specialty)","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1326751337744856,"gpt":0.4426077086704114,"spread":0.3099325748959258,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01540277,0.00008744685,0.0002289869,0.0001464779,0.001321447,0.000003279277,0.0007227501,0.00003444993,0.0005979117],"category_scores_gemma":[0.005615054,0.00004862895,0.00006903784,0.0007256476,0.00148365,0.00004647168,0.0003178641,0.0005272233,0.000003086439],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003857514,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002370846,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005383571,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00187747,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9953042,0.003029122,0.000339604,0.0002326351,0.0005124324,0.0005820195],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9954351,0.004049093,0.0001709188,0.0001786689,0.00004346583,0.0001227117],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001350195,0.00004351076,0.8896752,0.00004271605,0.00003093578,0.00001088417,0.09064401,0.00005285346,0.0001959541,0.006736108,0.0001897869,0.01224305],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001895249,0.0004392701,0.308662,0.0006137916,0.00003941566,0.00003567132,0.6033486,0.0009302052,0.00003465957,0.04454568,0.03916208,0.0002934445],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9342206,0.006361189,0.0002268813,0.05756443,0.0003383224,0.0006048654,0.00000856491,0.00002501299,0.0006502069],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9958127,0.002469674,0.000003811079,0.0006671989,0.0002052508,0.0001639493,0.000002409495,0.000005545581,0.0006695139],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5810132,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999787,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2101634860","doi":"10.1177/1557085113502518","title":"The Equalizer? Crime, Vulnerability, and Gender in Pro-Gun Discourse","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Feminist Criminology","topic":"Gun Ownership and Violence Research","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":38,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"University of Toronto","keywords":"Criminology; Vulnerability (computing); Privilege (computing); Perspective (graphical); Politics; Sociology; Crime control; Computer security; Political science; Criminal justice; Law; Computer science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.2410524494661389,"gpt":0.4508475654913764,"spread":0.2097951160252375,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001811487,0.0001050444,0.0001390208,0.00005100947,0.00104388,0.0001971008,0.0005514189,0.0001464001,0.000290508],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009782683,0.00005897195,0.00003556255,0.0001449187,0.002983457,0.0001125888,0.0001816009,0.0003836307,0.0001412122],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006121935,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002304656,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005015836,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001953715,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9975887,0.0008702027,0.0002243643,0.0002826051,0.0002959028,0.0007382506],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983244,0.001102165,0.00004932054,0.000323806,0.00007786627,0.0001224327],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000325129,0.0001363368,0.09394974,0.00003716094,0.00002034849,0.00001157835,0.07983771,5.074293e-7,0.0002132064,0.7242869,0.008228388,0.0932456],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005933565,0.0001846552,0.3751304,0.0000202069,0.00002634189,0.00001481897,0.1944683,0.0000804165,0.0002114694,0.3153943,0.1134915,0.000384219],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8990694,0.000692787,0.00001300078,0.02331136,0.0002881683,0.0006956568,0.000002026312,0.00003629267,0.07589129],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9971234,0.000297087,0.00002758047,0.0003912048,0.0001388781,0.000208947,0.000001153883,0.000007837414,0.00180394],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4088926,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997299,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2528603079","doi":"10.1136/injuryprev-2016-042088","title":"Not an ‘iron pipeline’, but many capillaries: regulating passive transactions in Los Angeles' secondary, illegal gun market","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Injury Prevention","topic":"Gun Ownership and Violence Research","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":38,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"California Wellness Foundation","keywords":"Possession (linguistics); Gun violence; Business; Poison control; Database transaction; Suicide prevention; Computer security; Criminology; Quarter (Canadian coin); Forensic engineering; Law; Engineering; Political science; Environmental health; Psychology; Medicine; Geography; Computer science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02930153312176453,"gpt":0.3435439546977258,"spread":0.3142424215759612,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001481263,0.0001342887,0.0001677559,0.0001952816,0.0004305683,0.00009268947,0.0002565173,0.0002036954,0.005810177],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001877827,0.000109821,0.0001046688,0.0002986412,0.0002603044,0.0009609053,0.00001964479,0.000236239,0.00002982246],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002335087,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003601926,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00180878,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01615766,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9975157,0.0008145738,0.0003410903,0.0003607852,0.0004540709,0.0005137841],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992102,0.0001496373,0.0001123451,0.0002352946,0.0001208064,0.0001716974],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002683316,0.0002187129,0.001996721,0.00004725352,0.00001379338,0.000007382636,0.002997138,0.000003404477,0.01325064,0.002642212,0.003367027,0.9751874],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01227287,0.003155316,0.2417047,0.005187573,0.0003086176,0.00003370676,0.1512679,0.003739156,0.07310643,0.06207727,0.4421954,0.004951105],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9592702,0.00008171108,0.01101371,0.002579142,0.000506838,0.0008891335,0.0002434123,0.0001478452,0.02526798],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9759086,0.0001449033,0.0002191728,0.0000440499,0.0002652668,0.00005799261,0.00001031814,0.00001658903,0.02333308],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9702363,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9950987,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2413980803","doi":"10.1520/jfs2002441","title":"A New Method for Collection and Identification of Gunshot Residues from the Hands of Shooters","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Forensic Sciences","topic":"Gun Ownership and Violence Research","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":37,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Office of the Chief Medical Examiner","funders":"","keywords":"Identification (biology); Poison control; Medical emergency; Occupational safety and health; Human factors and ergonomics; Suicide prevention; Engineering; Forensic engineering; Medicine; Biology; Pathology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.08740599806318215,"gpt":0.4274451361462703,"spread":0.3400391380830882,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.006320383,0.00004061526,0.0001404422,0.0001142366,0.0003474692,0.00006799902,0.000246072,0.00003727968,0.00002491441],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001934396,0.00002398896,0.00006930952,0.0005590454,0.0006334926,0.0002374966,0.000008557847,0.00006082695,9.931295e-8],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002264682,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005750237,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001946187,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001343475,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985902,0.0002802581,0.0003249874,0.00008940347,0.0005796513,0.0001355076],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981195,0.001038202,0.0004133281,0.00005989272,0.000304742,0.00006434851],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006074939,0.0001653448,0.2527713,0.00007440442,0.0002299891,0.000002005274,0.1239721,0.000239072,0.1487761,0.1266967,0.03978109,0.3066843],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001882721,0.001899155,0.1586372,0.0004686419,0.0001875265,0.00001572877,0.1365536,0.0009027472,0.3762854,0.3174305,0.005494763,0.0002419094],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9767637,0.0008287036,0.01754395,0.003302595,0.0003509941,0.0001894693,0.000003128263,0.000001988241,0.001015519],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9825131,0.0003140013,0.01689828,0.00002095367,0.00009402587,0.000001052326,1.709721e-7,0.000001581111,0.0001567828],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3064424,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2942066,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2014285538","doi":"10.1080/13811110490476752","title":"Gun Control and Suicide: Possible Impact of Canadian Legislation to Ensure Safe Storage of Firearms","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Archives of Suicide Research","topic":"Gun Ownership and Violence Research","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":36,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"McGill University Health Centre","funders":"","keywords":"Suicide prevention; Poison control; Injury prevention; Occupational safety and health; Suicide rates; Legislation; Suicide methods; Medicine; Population; Gun control; Human factors and ergonomics; Environmental health; Medical emergency; Demography; Political science; Law; Sociology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.09355769435261169,"gpt":0.4257431413953462,"spread":0.3321854470427345,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003128889,0.0001193496,0.000351128,0.001944679,0.0003242947,0.00003921865,0.0005201091,0.00009977158,0.0001474703],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001656205,0.0001017218,0.000135117,0.001570035,0.001366338,0.0001976128,0.00008866488,0.0003597564,0.000009489994],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001325468,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002863357,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.8585809,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.4286996,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9966353,0.0006517892,0.0003574883,0.0002770349,0.001135418,0.0009429709],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9971434,0.001310709,0.00008988979,0.0003181175,0.0003959209,0.0007419311],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008122294,0.0002480448,0.7266232,0.0002072368,0.0001972768,0.00003655911,0.05509432,0.002113228,0.1135446,0.03774735,0.0002954177,0.06308062],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001160544,0.001047549,0.9739194,0.0004217442,0.00001070498,0.000001691203,0.006047909,0.0001459525,0.005559268,0.01114517,0.0003691015,0.0001709656],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9688889,0.0005541535,0.00009489176,0.002336236,0.00001898278,0.0007156767,0.0001385607,0.000007519055,0.02724513],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984574,0.0006631105,0.0003547476,0.00001046231,0.00005421885,0.00001247597,0.00000821977,0.00001405488,0.000425345],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4298812,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5817251,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2168701035","doi":"10.1017/s1481803500014688","title":"Penetrating trauma in Ontario emergency departments: a population-based study","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Emergency Medicine","topic":"Gun Ownership and Violence Research","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":35,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Sunnybrook Health Science Centre; Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences; University of Toronto; York University","funders":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research; York University","keywords":"Medicine; Emergency department; Residence; Medical emergency; Penetrating trauma; Epidemiology; Population; Occupational safety and health; Injury prevention; Emergency medicine; Public health; Poison control; Demography; Environmental health; Surgery; Blunt; Psychiatry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1781390471715687,"gpt":0.4333853963285896,"spread":0.2552463491570208,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.005407075,0.0001237465,0.0002502427,0.000738583,0.0003757074,0.00000735285,0.0003754967,0.00007648574,0.01541453],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001175993,0.0001055691,0.00007789083,0.0008455474,0.00005426635,0.0001961967,0.000003814189,0.0004400733,0.000006531963],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001007312,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002460652,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9288874,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9995917,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9971523,0.0002439566,0.001014018,0.000154133,0.0007485215,0.000687119],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981193,0.00007600289,0.0002604982,0.000127922,0.0003417599,0.001074499],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001587687,0.00006554338,0.9784257,0.000004637824,0.00001610559,0.0001290519,0.01889452,0.00001945776,0.00001468333,0.0001396039,0.0007633728,0.001511486],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005638119,0.0004264337,0.9677592,0.00007598313,0.00002050524,5.906144e-7,0.02524371,0.000005200644,0.000001896709,0.0003614125,0.005433192,0.0001080656],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9834734,0.0004753763,0.00005144161,0.0009684085,0.003673756,0.0003082149,8.363922e-7,0.000003969001,0.01104461],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9983421,0.00003250378,0.00003615257,0.00002964946,0.0006144728,0.000002974425,0.000003256562,0.000009938366,0.0009289686],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.07070428,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9854855,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3028098788","doi":"10.2196/19369","title":"Collateral Crises of Gun Preparation and the COVID-19 Pandemic: Infodemiology Study","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"JMIR Public Health and Surveillance","topic":"Gun Ownership and Violence Research","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":35,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Marshall Aid Commemoration Commission","keywords":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); Collateral damage; Pandemic; 2019-20 coronavirus outbreak; Collateral; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2); Medicine; Virology; Medical emergency; Business; Outbreak; Psychology; Criminology; Pathology; Infectious disease (medical specialty)","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.2301132382842853,"gpt":0.4775476920793993,"spread":0.247434453795114,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.006020064,0.00007266145,0.000288055,0.00003818164,0.000508718,0.00006907664,0.0001633349,0.0000654939,0.00002789517],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00321091,0.00004728939,0.00002094972,0.0003211152,0.0006282736,0.0001229642,0.00006350774,0.0001403944,0.000001599209],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004840347,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001437862,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003586833,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004801487,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9961947,0.0026222,0.0003054688,0.0002244855,0.0002665942,0.0003865901],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9978722,0.001041585,0.0001321579,0.0001047255,0.00009606252,0.0007532604],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001791962,0.00002394622,0.9280849,0.00006048786,0.000006862853,3.952478e-7,0.06378025,0.000001165508,6.431802e-7,0.002067698,0.001920193,0.003874292],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003956459,0.001216985,0.3060287,0.000005140545,0.000001009859,0.000004869515,0.06619168,0.0007771416,8.576063e-8,0.0008459377,0.6207644,0.0002075333],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8851153,0.0009254913,0.00007768314,0.1115606,0.00004183606,0.001175465,0.000008728227,0.00004231136,0.001052553],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9905248,0.001976263,0.000009001513,0.007256655,0.00008895335,0.00007787332,0.000004038562,0.00000312818,0.00005929083],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6220561,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5422243,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2155342983","doi":"10.1111/j.1556-4029.2006.00164.x","title":"Adolescent and Young Adult Suicide: A 10‐Year Retrospective Review of Kentucky Medical Examiner Cases","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Forensic Sciences","topic":"Gun Ownership and Violence Research","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":35,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Office of the Chief Medical Examiner","funders":"","keywords":"Medical examiner; Coroner; Homicide; Medicine; Suicide prevention; Poison control; Injury prevention; Occupational safety and health; Retrospective cohort study; Human factors and ergonomics; Public health; Biopsychosocial model; Young adult; Family medicine; Psychiatry; Medical emergency; Demography; Gerontology; Surgery; Nursing","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04674847621789803,"gpt":0.3749674385840925,"spread":0.3282189623661945,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.005283257,0.00008990903,0.0003248561,0.0001662305,0.000274818,0.00005744065,0.0004105491,0.00007176145,0.0004127436],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004918047,0.0000582609,0.0001111027,0.0007235425,0.002214942,0.0003155863,0.00005170438,0.0002227843,0.000003851598],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008650957,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007274573,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002660857,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002189771,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9962629,0.0002577784,0.0005105928,0.000171246,0.002453075,0.000344424],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981434,0.0002408477,0.0004042348,0.0000866822,0.0009108159,0.0002140588],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007318786,0.0002527303,0.8811408,0.0007342735,0.00003229707,0.0002527624,0.001544722,0.000001132824,0.0001915385,0.0321476,0.05305448,0.0305745],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001991784,0.003169242,0.8864,0.05119457,0.0001978918,0.001007875,0.03084107,0.0001008909,0.002270555,0.01398708,0.008086656,0.0007523791],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9482315,0.02422218,0.00002665654,0.008678216,0.0005177088,0.0002325641,0.000004592025,0.00001051486,0.01807613],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9719373,0.02679186,0.0002940042,0.0001986056,0.0004151823,0.000001090077,2.8442e-7,0.000003443218,0.0003582544],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0504603,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8161045,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2088201907","doi":"10.1016/s1054-139x(03)00182-4","title":"The intention of adolescents to carry a knife or a gun: a study of low-income African-American adolescents","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Adolescent Health","topic":"Gun Ownership and Violence Research","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":32,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"U.S. Public Health Service; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","keywords":"Juvenile delinquency; Carry (investment); Psychology; Injury prevention; Odds ratio; Demography; Poison control; Suicide prevention; Confidence interval; Human factors and ergonomics; Odds; Occupational safety and health; Developmental psychology; Clinical psychology; Logistic regression; Medicine; Medical emergency; Sociology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05383026168679042,"gpt":0.413255190724826,"spread":0.3594249290380356,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00513424,0.0002005292,0.0007159913,0.0004241637,0.0004812603,0.00005818261,0.0008527606,0.00006312579,0.00001949309],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001396691,0.0001288849,0.0002312967,0.001562337,0.0004006432,0.0001658817,0.00008353604,0.0006377592,0.000007650341],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006529891,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002244981,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003016167,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005343269,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9931803,0.002190495,0.001444832,0.000246888,0.002088891,0.0008485501],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9960442,0.0001254892,0.001657755,0.0003614619,0.001015304,0.0007957594],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002366213,0.005539012,0.9209496,0.0008373584,0.00009823987,0.00002234895,0.0323018,0.00002356463,0.0002538568,0.0002414208,0.0007875842,0.03657897],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002283154,0.004993866,0.7624045,0.006672811,0.00003676752,0.00001219193,0.220754,0.000007505882,0.0001045296,0.00005693908,0.002461468,0.0002122459],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.995647,0.0003333257,0.0001921306,0.001760664,0.0006549607,0.001248735,0.000005217947,0.00001061056,0.0001473978],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984456,0.0009526252,0.000086611,0.0002265503,0.000164488,0.000005522279,1.641711e-7,0.00002035454,0.00009808],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1884522,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5255773,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3212795866","doi":"10.1080/09581596.2021.1987387","title":"Policing the pandemic: estimating spatial and racialized inequities in New York City police enforcement of COVID-19 mandates","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Critical Public Health","topic":"Gun Ownership and Violence Research","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":32,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Columbia College","funders":"National Institute on Drug Abuse; National Institutes of Health","keywords":"Public health; Social distance; Criminalization; Criminology; Enforcement; Political science; Health equity; Police brutality; Environmental health; Sociology; Law; Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); Medicine; Nursing","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.328399532909776,"gpt":0.5090273386855295,"spread":0.1806278057757535,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.005017124,0.00008598117,0.0002641828,0.00009944755,0.0006646697,0.0001947435,0.0002152513,0.00008092805,0.000458009],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01251565,0.00006683599,0.00003555186,0.0004826094,0.0007349496,0.0001743598,0.0001380702,0.0002708961,0.000001615092],"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003220534,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.008545476,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.5322331,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.119839,"domain_scores_codex":[0.997021,0.001043199,0.0004113187,0.0002096681,0.0005225,0.0007922765],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.996811,0.001999566,0.00005969784,0.0001472725,0.0001188044,0.0008636303],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002037316,0.00009333602,0.1149754,0.0004821277,0.000010506,0.000003179543,0.1327496,0.000006401415,0.00002729593,0.6798805,0.001415374,0.07033593],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004163602,0.000490191,0.03521796,0.0009101217,0.0000291306,0.0000269261,0.5253014,0.008426608,0.0001286851,0.1307322,0.2936905,0.0008826979],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.328076,0.001554178,0.02260556,0.6319098,0.0004359831,0.0008235518,0.00004295363,0.0001219383,0.01443005],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.993916,0.0002724223,0.0006090554,0.004748864,0.0003005298,0.000009293363,0.000006894259,0.000005519048,0.0001313682],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6658401,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9970751,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3080684832","doi":"10.1016/j.ssresearch.2020.102449","title":"How does gun violence affect Americans’ trust in each other?","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Social Science Research","topic":"Gun Ownership and Violence Research","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":32,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"","keywords":"Gun violence; Psychology; Affect (linguistics); Socioeconomic status; Survey data collection; Gun control; Social psychology; Suicide prevention; Injury prevention; Poison control; Census; Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study; Human factors and ergonomics; Criminology; Demography; Developmental psychology; Medical emergency; Medicine; Political science; Sociology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.2072137122459713,"gpt":0.4887833257617187,"spread":0.2815696135157474,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts","scholarly_communication"],"consensus_categories":["sts"],"category_scores_codex":[0.01352389,0.0001714261,0.0003013419,0.0005060468,0.003484107,0.001121576,0.002635792,0.0001722865,0.0002898766],"category_scores_gemma":[0.005396324,0.0001322688,0.0001096569,0.0102742,0.01025393,0.0009964873,0.0004362167,0.001200033,0.0001600822],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006049449,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002561771,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.009520549,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002066655,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9896482,0.001820886,0.0002161936,0.0009244247,0.004800686,0.002589631],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9977068,0.0005581595,0.00006374346,0.0002479111,0.000551208,0.0008722002],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001697448,0.0003050092,0.2749447,0.000144754,0.00001441767,0.00008907911,0.1468117,0.000002468807,0.03557257,0.1263705,0.001123611,0.4144515],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001659971,0.001020572,0.1307328,0.0005790406,0.00001053975,0.000001289274,0.6998263,0.0009343996,0.01095428,0.03271562,0.1198911,0.001674039],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8019654,0.0002605824,0.0001297636,0.09225538,0.000243489,0.001298794,0.00001731577,0.0001689712,0.1036604],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9973333,0.0005831756,0.00009609298,0.0003150754,0.000923925,0.00008422576,7.785292e-7,0.000017759,0.0006456671],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5530146,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999154,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2925281892","doi":"10.1016/j.amjmed.2019.02.012","title":"Alarming Trends in Mortality from Firearms Among United States Schoolchildren","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The American Journal of Medicine","topic":"Gun Ownership and Violence Research","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":31,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research; British Heart Foundation","keywords":"Medicine; Demography; Injury prevention; Health statistics; Public health; Suicide prevention; Poison control; Accidental; Environmental health; Occupational safety and health; Mortality rate; Homicide; Population","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03592039489524786,"gpt":0.3856283437837993,"spread":0.3497079488885514,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003439815,0.0000820751,0.0003350993,0.0003440451,0.00009785831,0.00002144308,0.0005395713,0.00002209779,0.0006799611],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003142184,0.00004460642,0.00005536824,0.001396512,0.00134426,0.0001529615,0.00003094488,0.0005084194,0.00001161303],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008270876,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009592043,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.08929971,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001453832,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9977088,0.0007342336,0.0003265241,0.0001001685,0.000820354,0.0003099071],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986574,0.0004762405,0.0003805818,0.0001775381,0.0001152448,0.0001929887],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008126493,0.00002554076,0.8956483,0.000001117714,0.0000596523,0.00002098056,0.01790956,0.00007034018,0.0001033189,0.00006343662,0.0006327893,0.08538368],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006399176,0.0003566589,0.9291661,0.000217216,0.00003085577,0.000002289072,0.066122,0.0001645071,0.00001374501,0.0009121631,0.002307426,0.00006707103],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9815257,0.0002183972,0.00001415169,0.01684398,0.000124132,0.00005777232,0.000002339932,0.000006827027,0.0012067],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9980243,0.0007774579,0.00001890323,0.0005211502,0.0004452672,6.578051e-7,0.000005848606,0.000006744316,0.0001997011],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.08784588,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9167647,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3139592323","doi":"10.1080/15374416.2021.1888742","title":"Exposure to Gun Violence: Associations with Anxiety, Depressive Symptoms, and Aggression among Male Juvenile Offenders","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology","topic":"Gun Ownership and Violence Research","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Brock University","funders":"Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention; William T. Grant Foundation; John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation","keywords":"Aggression; Anxiety; Poison control; Psychology; Injury prevention; Clinical psychology; Suicide prevention; Psychiatry; Medicine; Medical emergency","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05595441705085509,"gpt":0.4323313296768529,"spread":0.3763769126259979,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002852942,0.0001561489,0.0005707726,0.0001314912,0.0004089866,0.00008660516,0.0004229931,0.0003625161,0.0002259659],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002105217,0.0001185535,0.0002220917,0.0004303003,0.0005188824,0.000228166,0.0001026631,0.001335233,0.00001480183],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005842246,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004552696,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003099842,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003951838,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9958884,0.001401903,0.0009714951,0.0004037314,0.0008133992,0.0005210434],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9971791,0.0004264166,0.000751434,0.0002593273,0.0006636088,0.0007201424],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001970661,0.0005194311,0.927018,0.00001076741,0.00007949983,0.0001226278,0.0007078352,0.0000136335,0.0000280613,0.0001214355,0.003989125,0.06719247],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001738577,0.0005810601,0.9840415,0.002418714,0.00005977287,0.0000977315,0.001289821,0.0000027852,0.00003738823,0.0003602811,0.009206695,0.0001657211],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9784818,0.002558754,0.0003484799,0.01446589,0.000893074,0.0002334687,0.000009494041,0.00001574062,0.002993269],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.979067,0.01681893,0.000292433,0.002649281,0.001014328,0.000003647368,0.000003239801,0.00001502727,0.0001360693],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.06702674,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5800998,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2885581174","doi":"","title":"We need to treat gun violence like an epidemic.","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"editorial","venue":"PubMed","topic":"Gun Ownership and Violence Research","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Canadian Journal of Communication (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Medicine; Gun violence; Medical emergency; Poison control; Injury prevention; Suicide prevention; Human factors and ergonomics; Occupational safety and health; Pathology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.06218341853773823,"gpt":0.3671314454394287,"spread":0.3049480269016904,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.005087266,0.0003778056,0.000562543,0.0003605922,0.0006534451,0.0003757931,0.002041544,0.001340326,0.0005476223],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0064031,0.0003354568,0.0001789282,0.0008314279,0.0005933367,0.0003968065,0.0002300624,0.000885217,0.001758895],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006588474,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009267122,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01060665,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00341537,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9932672,0.001035391,0.0004174223,0.0009979972,0.002232275,0.002049681],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9956487,0.001310532,0.000165029,0.0007748833,0.0005416355,0.00155925],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000587554,0.0000460318,0.000121295,0.00003175233,0.00001149929,0.000005277135,0.001828216,3.165528e-7,0.000001578109,0.00007116145,0.825595,0.1722291],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002014029,0.00008041588,0.0002958208,0.00015324,0.00002693751,1.284488e-7,0.001847887,0.000001465271,0.00001856812,0.0007386385,0.9962045,0.0004310069],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"editorial","genre_gemma":"editorial","genre_scores_codex":[0.001867808,0.0005772603,0.00002853178,0.003382797,0.94433,0.002260661,0.0001496865,0.0002439306,0.04715929],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.004697592,0.004303268,0.00006965901,0.0001782168,0.9371675,0.002490685,0.00008662455,0.00006487809,0.05094157],"genre_candidate":"editorial","genre_consensus":"editorial","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1717981,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999561,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2099724380","doi":"10.1177/1748895809336377","title":"The illicit firearms trade in North America","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Criminology & Criminal Justice","topic":"Gun Ownership and Violence Research","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Variety (cybernetics); Speculation; Political science; Criminology; Gun violence; Business; Gun control; Poison control; Suicide prevention; Law; Environmental health; Finance; Sociology; Medicine","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1143991255997365,"gpt":0.3809594117287082,"spread":0.2665602861289718,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005912589,0.0001543548,0.0002020628,0.0001255249,0.001075877,0.00009446413,0.0008299546,0.0001581547,0.00006884996],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001038605,0.0001149821,0.00007563613,0.0004346504,0.001187034,0.0001575638,0.00004250322,0.0005761287,0.0001672331],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001346208,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002697326,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001724309,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004670634,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9973988,0.0004671614,0.0002661651,0.0003405456,0.0004322794,0.001095064],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985438,0.0008134885,0.00007045366,0.0003030782,0.00006643182,0.000202758],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002107027,0.0002715273,0.002843672,0.00005726091,0.00001598396,0.0002171559,0.1242798,0.00003912596,0.0002761376,0.04226005,0.001983282,0.8275453],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006040391,0.0007444613,0.2889082,0.00004948909,0.0005288274,0.0000223097,0.5176698,0.0002283233,0.0001399499,0.00281298,0.1877504,0.0005411868],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9636589,0.0008891724,0.00005703107,0.01587063,0.0003227797,0.0002404963,0.000002594202,0.00007467579,0.01888373],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9944475,0.002702149,0.00009612179,0.001989675,0.0003126993,0.00001848217,0.000003902906,0.000008113407,0.000421406],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8270041,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8274888,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}