{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":446,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":446,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12","author_layer_release":"2026-06-26"},"query_hash":"57b5de568046","filters":{"topic":"Intergenerational and Educational Inequality Studies"}},"results":[{"id":"W2157522835","doi":"10.1257/jep.25.1.159","title":"Priceless: The Nonpecuniary Benefits of Schooling","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Journal of Economic Perspectives","topic":"Intergenerational and Educational Inequality Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":956,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Canadian Institute for Advanced Research","funders":"","keywords":"Earnings; Patience; Affect (linguistics); Economics; Consumption (sociology); Value (mathematics); Demographic economics; Labour economics; Psychology; Social psychology; Sociology","authors":[{"name":"Philip Oreopoulos","is_ca":true},{"name":"Kjell G. Salvanes","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1022059188321098,"gpt":0.3328319261972645,"spread":0.2306260073651548,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004467698,0.0001475042,0.0002106883,0.0004156582,0.0004501836,0.001180915,0.0004088522,0.0006767455,0.01549546],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004677128,0.00009400882,0.0002082596,0.0004633132,0.001398967,0.00155897,0.001193486,0.0009404948,0.000605226],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005107428,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004121308,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001712835,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00326486,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997398,0.00006503004,0.00001122684,0.00003922769,0.00006949611,0.00007521033],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9976442,0.0009640746,0.0006477904,0.0002926428,0.0001701422,0.0002810397],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005946014,0.00100606,0.1421667,0.0003696902,0.0001271287,0.002154341,0.001361759,0.002521447,0.003862299,0.5371649,0.01604338,0.2926277],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001576582,0.0007620429,0.4831812,0.0001999833,0.0001544884,0.002556885,0.002525355,0.004290258,0.002647407,0.4205914,0.08288004,0.00005323942],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8113949,0.00493304,0.00755219,0.02106489,0.0002264107,0.00003507696,0.0006364742,0.00008210727,0.1540749],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.990131,0.0006538062,0.0003789897,0.0004270662,0.00009477259,0.000004572728,0.00006625146,0.000006023075,0.008237556],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01549546,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.05183744,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2048261152","doi":"10.1257/000282806776157641","title":"Estimating Average and Local Average Treatment Effects of Education when Compulsory Schooling Laws Really Matter","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"American Economic Review","topic":"Intergenerational and Educational Inequality Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":812,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Regression discontinuity design; Instrumental variable; Ordinary least squares; Population; Economics; Compulsory education; Demographic economics; Average treatment effect; Econometrics; Demography; Statistics; Mathematics; Economic growth; Sociology","authors":[{"name":"Philip Oreopoulos","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01653703915021977,"gpt":0.3197332141776718,"spread":0.3031961750274521,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01265815,0.0002223349,0.001051246,0.0009322655,0.0003276177,0.001073454,0.0008916248,0.001038791,0.003816763],"category_scores_gemma":[0.04262242,0.0002741113,0.001316831,0.001292822,0.001244498,0.001168071,0.001204791,0.001450779,0.0002912617],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008959972,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007577282,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01147197,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01105061,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9902442,0.007720064,0.0002780022,0.0008374095,0.0003973408,0.0005229451],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9415314,0.04960639,0.005532364,0.00217137,0.0007347132,0.0004237664],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002009952,0.0006979295,0.7902637,0.001080646,0.004749515,0.0002793166,0.001811497,0.01768283,0.0008799694,0.03646946,0.003408699,0.1406665],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004103699,0.001826,0.9251935,0.0004640137,0.00460467,0.0001128262,0.003428937,0.02559268,0.002630013,0.02483887,0.01082749,0.00007051414],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9657511,0.003392113,0.01846988,0.001306703,0.0001248988,0.0002307499,0.001046626,0.00005696083,0.009621024],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9956102,0.0004175492,0.002233078,0.0001928896,0.0000341682,0.00009730142,0.0003074147,0.000007371738,0.001100152],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01265815,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.06694347,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1975101123","doi":"10.1016/j.jpubeco.2007.02.002","title":"Do dropouts drop out too soon? Wealth, health and happiness from compulsory schooling","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Public Economics","topic":"Intergenerational and Educational Inequality Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":585,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Canadian Institute for Advanced Research","funders":"","keywords":"Drop out; Economics; Happiness; Incentive; Dropout (neural networks); School dropout; Demographic economics; Labour economics; Psychology; Social psychology; Microeconomics","authors":[{"name":"Philip Oreopoulos","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1187508555839279,"gpt":0.3828501754017472,"spread":0.2640993198178193,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002177543,0.0002773929,0.0009452213,0.000810485,0.001424818,0.001510898,0.0006335754,0.002068783,0.005286883],"category_scores_gemma":[0.009547397,0.0004085327,0.001403353,0.001325704,0.0008072101,0.001531569,0.002054934,0.0031684,0.0005783805],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008673172,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001091148,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.03104222,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.05426659,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990124,0.0003064856,0.00005502,0.00006353245,0.00009138453,0.0004712512],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9918209,0.001083625,0.002819218,0.0002643453,0.0004067752,0.003605206],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008593457,0.0008802024,0.9889619,0.00002915592,0.0002347692,0.0001707987,0.0003738224,0.0001491866,0.00008085522,0.0002097441,0.0009229035,0.007127376],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003403789,0.0004291828,0.9974971,0.00002268429,0.0001377207,0.00004036715,0.001041718,0.0001448197,0.000034402,0.0003096782,0.0002967543,0.00001146707],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9946713,0.0008262494,0.00003503588,0.002668089,0.00006084716,0.00001367303,0.0004656507,0.000004073401,0.001255099],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9981321,0.0003643449,0.0000227436,0.0003821818,0.00006004985,0.000008053006,0.0003217342,0.000001631259,0.0007072056],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03104222,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.06172305,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2067786881","doi":"10.1126/science.1178336","title":"Intergenerational Wealth Transmission and the Dynamics of Inequality in Small-Scale Societies","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Science","topic":"Intergenerational and Educational Inequality Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":498,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Statistics Canada","funders":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; National Institute on Aging","keywords":"Inequality; Agrarian society; Foraging; Livelihood; Economics; Population; Scale (ratio); Agriculture; Demographic economics; Ethos; Economic geography; Development economics; Geography; Ecology; Sociology; Biology; Political science; Demography","authors":[{"name":"Monique Borgerhoff Mulder","is_ca":false},{"name":"Samuel Bowles","is_ca":false},{"name":"Tom Hertz","is_ca":false},{"name":"Adrian V. Bell","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jan Beise","is_ca":false},{"name":"Greg Clark","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ila Fazzio","is_ca":false},{"name":"Michael Gurven","is_ca":false},{"name":"Kim Hill","is_ca":false},{"name":"Paul L. Hooper","is_ca":false},{"name":"William Irons","is_ca":false},{"name":"Hillard Kaplan","is_ca":false},{"name":"Donna L. Leonetti","is_ca":false},{"name":"Bobbi S. Low","is_ca":false},{"name":"Frank W. Marlowe","is_ca":false},{"name":"Richard McElreath","is_ca":false},{"name":"Suresh Naidu","is_ca":false},{"name":"David A. Nolin","is_ca":false},{"name":"Patrizio Piraino","is_ca":true},{"name":"Rob Quinlan","is_ca":false},{"name":"Eric Schniter","is_ca":false},{"name":"Rebecca Sear","is_ca":false},{"name":"Mary K. Shenk","is_ca":false},{"name":"Eric Alden Smith","is_ca":false},{"name":"Christopher von Rueden","is_ca":false},{"name":"Polly Wiessner","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03729271855988514,"gpt":0.3531702719838296,"spread":0.3158775534239445,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006892965,0.0001162689,0.0001425884,0.0008345625,0.0005558176,0.00104762,0.0002781991,0.0002816538,0.001957909],"category_scores_gemma":[0.005369829,0.0001328878,0.0001265857,0.0008248948,0.001068448,0.001371678,0.0009763839,0.0004239557,0.0001197677],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007111453,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001823687,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005121008,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005335924,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997516,0.0001200349,0.000008207587,0.00003987834,0.0000271088,0.00005323116],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9976572,0.001336515,0.0005684426,0.0002181187,0.000111107,0.0001086399],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001518675,0.0001940707,0.8078293,0.00003359696,0.0001491322,0.0003943458,0.006102233,0.0367172,0.001536111,0.1139853,0.0007279683,0.03217883],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000014891,0.00006934621,0.7676309,0.00004966663,0.00004864341,0.0002761865,0.002923001,0.117293,0.0005036034,0.109615,0.001546027,0.00002973456],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9956852,0.00008236817,0.002265637,0.0001805475,0.000001526157,0.000003337041,0.00004914078,0.000003967462,0.001728199],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999684,0.00003704747,0.0001416595,0.000004378281,0.000001231764,0.000001801512,0.00001414876,5.318965e-7,0.0001153015],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.005121008,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01018238,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2801195482","doi":"10.1146/annurev-soc-073117-041429","title":"Interpreting and Understanding Logits, Probits, and Other Nonlinear Probability Models","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Annual Review of Sociology","topic":"Intergenerational and Educational Inequality Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":467,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Nonlinear system; Computer science; Physics","authors":[{"name":"Richard Breen","is_ca":false},{"name":"Kristian Bernt Karlson","is_ca":false},{"name":"Anders Holm","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1704018819418466,"gpt":0.4156667671398259,"spread":0.2452648851979793,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01669966,0.001304861,0.001286113,0.004229269,0.00102962,0.006872459,0.002763754,0.003132899,0.004190981],"category_scores_gemma":[0.04633198,0.0007931643,0.001258281,0.005044766,0.007487899,0.009881339,0.002809859,0.00494749,0.001215357],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.003371147,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.003801566,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01035223,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006558323,"domain_scores_codex":[0.990056,0.007182468,0.0005141092,0.0005965923,0.001325795,0.00032504],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9620664,0.03405087,0.001514972,0.0009111923,0.001247974,0.0002084824],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009933437,0.00002397908,0.001245254,0.0004285215,0.000033231,0.0001826057,0.001332294,0.009538923,0.00009990882,0.9548017,0.004653484,0.02765011],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003389343,0.00001019586,0.0005950178,0.0003525649,0.0000127986,0.0001101733,0.0006969325,0.01123951,0.0001309185,0.959565,0.02725962,0.00002382046],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.01064278,0.05505348,0.8558433,0.03403113,0.001094969,0.0001468962,0.0007944772,0.0003981483,0.04199491],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.3943558,0.1344447,0.4408166,0.007100939,0.003262545,0.0007171247,0.0007448253,0.0004677482,0.01808968],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01669966,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.08831728,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2085024069","doi":"10.1177/000312240607100305","title":"“Fair” Inequality? Attitudes toward Pay Differentials: The United States in Comparative Perspective","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"American Sociological Review","topic":"Intergenerational and Educational Inequality Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":452,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"","keywords":"Microdata (statistics); Inequality; Earnings; World Values Survey; General Social Survey; Survey data collection; Demographic economics; Perspective (graphical); Economics; Convergence (economics); Exceptionalism; Value (mathematics); Economic inequality; Sociology; Social psychology; Psychology; Political science; Economic growth; Demography; Population; Census; Law","authors":[{"name":"Lars Osberg","is_ca":true},{"name":"Timothy M. Smeeding","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.2087765586142671,"gpt":0.4770352468323804,"spread":0.2682586882181132,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001480885,0.00009910527,0.0002275379,0.001672604,0.0009992551,0.001516551,0.0001995511,0.0006116262,0.002363498],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002043235,0.00006929911,0.000141518,0.003028628,0.000910315,0.001308061,0.0007783437,0.0005560412,0.00009210248],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001204264,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004728092,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02849926,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.05345115,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999514,0.0002947082,0.00001782911,0.00003886048,0.0000739987,0.00006058947],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999155,0.0004341977,0.0001303248,0.00003249782,0.0001726587,0.00007521646],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004257038,0.0004501428,0.4299166,0.0004478308,0.0003065113,0.0009610105,0.09290992,0.0004130774,0.00110989,0.1699967,0.0362464,0.2668163],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001803989,0.0001763562,0.7800487,0.0008043561,0.0001877623,0.0005708606,0.09058668,0.0003040628,0.0004562125,0.0114661,0.1153528,0.00002811808],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8534587,0.04151949,0.000251137,0.0200013,0.0002409356,0.000008291777,0.0002869809,0.000004446725,0.0842288],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9859341,0.01094618,0.00008401952,0.001622139,0.00009666069,0.00000616579,0.0001071273,0.000001852752,0.001201866],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02849926,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.05666673,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2139068022","doi":"10.1093/esr/jcs079","title":"Decomposing 'Social Origins': The Effects of Parents' Class, Status, and Education on the Educational Attainment of Their Children","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"European Sociological Review","topic":"Intergenerational and Educational Inequality Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":388,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Economic and Social Research Council; Cape Breton University; Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior; McKnight Foundation","keywords":"Kingdom; Sociology; Educational attainment; Class (philosophy); Social class; Media studies; Political science; Law","authors":[{"name":"Erzsébet Bukodi","is_ca":false},{"name":"John H. Goldthorpe","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.06120796656822475,"gpt":0.3745388578908437,"spread":0.3133308913226189,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003069617,0.0006069567,0.0007695137,0.003783413,0.0006487701,0.001957776,0.0007487953,0.0006079476,0.001772179],"category_scores_gemma":[0.006236278,0.0001703127,0.0007683453,0.004628296,0.003182683,0.001990644,0.002219757,0.0008435252,0.0001574495],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001081765,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001862299,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0181233,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.03222996,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979351,0.001226688,0.0001392479,0.0002258092,0.0003154499,0.0001576643],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9958299,0.002556263,0.000837077,0.0002978887,0.0003398299,0.0001390514],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002101631,0.0001341091,0.4957248,0.003775227,0.001549731,0.0007334561,0.0146811,0.00143688,0.001643787,0.07337563,0.002286973,0.4044482],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001294928,0.0001498893,0.9510227,0.001660173,0.0005315417,0.0004526477,0.006071937,0.0005167437,0.0003289063,0.0259987,0.01321492,0.00003884537],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.5957274,0.3560639,0.01177337,0.009588008,0.0004734515,0.00007217284,0.0007497653,0.00003449686,0.0255174],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.935763,0.05996778,0.002232748,0.0004732305,0.0002420008,0.00003501215,0.0002733447,0.000009920827,0.001002976],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0181233,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0360356,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2096988020","doi":"10.1177/0001699307080926","title":"Primary and Secondary Effects in Class Differentials in Educational Attainment","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Acta Sociologica","topic":"Intergenerational and Educational Inequality Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":356,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Economic and Social Research Council","keywords":"Class (philosophy); Odds; Educational attainment; Demographic economics; Psychology; Quarter (Canadian coin); Welsh; Developmental psychology; Economics; Economic growth; Mathematics; Statistics; Computer science; Logistic regression; Geography","authors":[{"name":"Michelle Jackson","is_ca":false},{"name":"Robert S. Erikson","is_ca":false},{"name":"John H. Goldthorpe","is_ca":false},{"name":"Meir Yaish","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03873451357912615,"gpt":0.3518579957792087,"spread":0.3131234822000825,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003967467,0.0003675086,0.0006012429,0.002262961,0.0007406955,0.001147542,0.0005720393,0.0006828236,0.01275252],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01580655,0.0001718366,0.0008226991,0.001159541,0.002781413,0.001078304,0.003031146,0.001247089,0.0004917512],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007481456,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003684196,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00400786,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00397541,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9951994,0.001316342,0.0001881759,0.001043056,0.001287103,0.0009660434],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9826936,0.01094636,0.002784218,0.001745976,0.0005844945,0.001245419],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005176279,0.0002251487,0.8812849,0.0001798419,0.0003934646,0.0007417443,0.005592347,0.0008544658,0.002897404,0.05176364,0.000962771,0.05458667],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001084333,0.00009687639,0.9861299,0.00003304888,0.00005250177,0.0001811315,0.0006563148,0.0004199762,0.000487802,0.01027587,0.001642104,0.00001358533],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9613458,0.001536318,0.007184113,0.0009534328,0.0001104799,0.00008369713,0.0004677918,0.00004555745,0.02827289],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982194,0.00009164167,0.0003533305,0.00005972566,0.00003985357,0.0000146376,0.00004988676,0.000005768383,0.00116573],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01275252,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.04266149,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2050839679","doi":"10.1257/0002828043052213","title":"Intergenerational Persistence of Earnings: The Role of Early and College Education","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"American Economic Review","topic":"Intergenerational and Educational Inequality Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":351,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Earnings; Persistence (discontinuity); Human capital; Economics; Social mobility; Investment (military); Labour economics; Demographic economics; Inequality; Education economics; Empirical evidence; Higher education; Education policy; Economic growth; Sociology; Political science; Social science; Finance","authors":[{"name":"Diego Restuccia","is_ca":true},{"name":"Carlos Urrutia","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02796734692841263,"gpt":0.3226203960641557,"spread":0.2946530491357431,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001929088,0.0001563051,0.0002628957,0.001204192,0.0004430976,0.001499594,0.0004691435,0.0005113832,0.002207246],"category_scores_gemma":[0.009998913,0.000119322,0.0002883782,0.001672734,0.001058249,0.001249685,0.001101518,0.0008004046,0.0001819551],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006692391,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004434253,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.008106699,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.008323926,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995234,0.0001870346,0.00002154972,0.00008214071,0.00007416571,0.0001117495],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9895045,0.00613965,0.002648835,0.0007333772,0.0004548047,0.00051885],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001469494,0.00008120041,0.902366,0.00003726365,0.0001993888,0.0003252244,0.001047481,0.004122557,0.000249897,0.0356225,0.0008179921,0.05498356],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001132111,0.00005234669,0.955686,0.00007118436,0.0001036165,0.0002488617,0.0009194585,0.005795096,0.0001790203,0.03432931,0.002583425,0.00002038951],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9839728,0.004534377,0.002877005,0.002383055,0.00001977178,0.000008654084,0.0003933083,0.00001058907,0.0058004],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9983068,0.0007762309,0.0001422235,0.00004739715,0.0000165883,0.000002529217,0.0001344055,0.000001784934,0.0005722455],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.008106699,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01611906,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3122955043","doi":"10.1002/hec.3141","title":"The Causal Effect of Education on Health: What is the Role of Health Behaviors?","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Health Economics","topic":"Intergenerational and Educational Inequality Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":327,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Endogeneity; Instrumental variable; Quarter (Canadian coin); Panel data; Index (typography); Demographic economics; Economics; Psychology; Body mass index; Health education; Econometrics; Medicine; Environmental health; Economic growth; Geography; Health care","authors":[{"name":"Giorgio Brunello","is_ca":false},{"name":"Margherita Fort","is_ca":false},{"name":"Nicole Schneeweis","is_ca":false},{"name":"Rudolf Winter‐Ebmer","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.08989980791384061,"gpt":0.4280567136693175,"spread":0.3381569057554769,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.006732278,0.0007567901,0.001460974,0.002554509,0.0008738242,0.002713379,0.001543129,0.002467638,0.01092299],"category_scores_gemma":[0.04040591,0.0004620538,0.001948205,0.002641481,0.003827246,0.003973628,0.002061403,0.002035604,0.0004832331],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001059417,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.003163005,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01846149,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.009477245,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9970797,0.001647093,0.0001171294,0.000402598,0.0003189118,0.0004346488],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9458805,0.04566065,0.0041261,0.002098039,0.001171265,0.001063448],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003805224,0.0007698174,0.6790993,0.001333889,0.002202243,0.0008439324,0.00185981,0.006838833,0.0005018254,0.2102813,0.002973763,0.09291469],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003759463,0.0006352988,0.5288199,0.002236255,0.00497971,0.0006610679,0.004408414,0.02649259,0.001672626,0.4007011,0.02887058,0.0001465599],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6777942,0.07307191,0.05535039,0.1572002,0.001496703,0.0003908639,0.003452285,0.0001645325,0.03107882],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9738426,0.01695534,0.002932436,0.002330384,0.001069656,0.0001036717,0.0003958575,0.00002256847,0.002347525],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01846149,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03670806,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2131502562","doi":"10.1787/eco_studies-2011-5kg5825v1k23","title":"Exploring the Relationship Between Education and Obesity","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"OECD Journal Economic Studies","topic":"Intergenerational and Educational Inequality Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":309,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Obesity; Psychology; Medicine; Internal medicine","authors":[{"name":"Marion Devaux","is_ca":false},{"name":"Franco Sassi","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jody Church","is_ca":false},{"name":"Michele Cecchini","is_ca":false},{"name":"Francesca Borgonovi","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.6297162450175237,"gpt":0.4233382828128664,"spread":0.2063779622046573,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009349416,0.0001537968,0.0001877183,0.001653603,0.000371784,0.000848164,0.0001951751,0.0002937751,0.003536281],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004542949,0.00008262754,0.0003728905,0.002269163,0.0004863131,0.0006291221,0.0009886449,0.0006376207,0.0001350622],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00063254,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001263682,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02841091,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02864366,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999478,0.0002950679,0.00001754231,0.00003839392,0.00005960936,0.0001114649],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9963533,0.002696664,0.0005273842,0.00006341546,0.0001490949,0.0002102042],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004390733,0.00005939586,0.9871535,0.00003417672,0.00008715204,0.0001302934,0.0007094403,0.000215009,0.00007349982,0.002161658,0.000151856,0.009180244],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000002801623,0.0000564688,0.994447,0.00004013332,0.00007087727,0.00005668533,0.002562768,0.0005547656,0.00006429448,0.00123088,0.0009081566,0.000005075958],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9932368,0.0009673891,0.000350457,0.0008842585,0.000009536057,0.000007267918,0.000325507,0.000002706218,0.004216035],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989014,0.0005291905,0.000153689,0.00005231904,0.000009516263,0.000005881818,0.00008547281,6.851604e-7,0.0002618516],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02841091,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.05649108,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2920039906","doi":"10.1177/0003122419847165","title":"The Global Increase in the Socioeconomic Achievement Gap, 1964 to 2015","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"American Sociological Review","topic":"Intergenerational and Educational Inequality Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":301,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Jacobs Foundation; National Academy of Education; Spencer Foundation","keywords":"Socioeconomic status; Educational inequality; Academic achievement; Inequality; Psychology; Demographic economics; Educational attainment; Demography; Economic growth; Developmental psychology; Sociology; Economics; Population","authors":[{"name":"Anna K. Chmielewski","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.07223707468084947,"gpt":0.4350187192724922,"spread":0.3627816445916427,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001242708,0.0003982774,0.0003105548,0.002297724,0.0003187061,0.0008136003,0.0002200451,0.0004950041,0.002338547],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002331093,0.00011824,0.0004881879,0.004497105,0.0006183921,0.001251403,0.001595863,0.0007902608,0.0004450945],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001600038,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00249592,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01994024,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0175743,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995634,0.00009246996,0.00007426118,0.00007941302,0.0001230437,0.00006741269],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991394,0.0001412828,0.000252427,0.00003391489,0.0003318005,0.0001011795],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002475206,0.00005194789,0.1312541,0.00905116,0.0004412961,0.0004935593,0.002846368,0.0007532422,0.0006019665,0.03214071,0.07854933,0.7435688],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001226841,0.0000989329,0.582051,0.004066039,0.0001837191,0.0008529972,0.001821894,0.0001461397,0.0003895623,0.002953682,0.407395,0.00002870867],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1039437,0.8139995,0.001089203,0.02376196,0.003867529,0.00007030738,0.01317266,0.00008966768,0.04000541],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.3711699,0.612144,0.001109885,0.003150518,0.001768825,0.00008736328,0.005938253,0.00002465128,0.004606741],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01994024,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03964835,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1595755348","doi":"","title":"Socio‐economic Status and Academic Achievement Trajectories from Childhood to Adolescence","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Education / Revue canadienne de l éducation","topic":"Intergenerational and Educational Inequality Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":256,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"","keywords":"Humanities; Political science; Psychology; Academic achievement; Ethnology; Sociology; Developmental psychology; Art","authors":[{"name":"H. Daniel","is_ca":false},{"name":"James Ted McDonald","is_ca":true},{"name":"J. Douglas Willms","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0543085090052329,"gpt":0.324268321359034,"spread":0.2699598123538011,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007858351,0.0001574032,0.0001562321,0.0009187161,0.0008395659,0.001036571,0.0003477971,0.0002025583,0.001158188],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002063378,0.0001374311,0.0002942749,0.001039013,0.0003952783,0.0002925029,0.0007155344,0.0004495097,0.0001799371],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002058552,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002917804,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.6230608,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.7414858,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996814,0.00003803016,0.00001485981,0.00004133378,0.0000824378,0.0001419478],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986827,0.0001871501,0.00033506,0.00008577776,0.0003947366,0.0003145788],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003325205,0.00002253844,0.9934911,0.000008680463,0.00002654654,0.00004647126,0.001350441,0.0001689094,0.00008232795,0.0003355044,0.0001461627,0.004288021],"study_design_scores_gemma":[3.193686e-7,0.000006412751,0.9988808,0.000007977114,0.000004252676,0.00001154072,0.0006001383,0.00008433345,0.00003254683,0.00002574995,0.0003445936,0.000001304767],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9980703,0.000245619,0.00005852916,0.00008843583,0.000002562507,0.000002835814,0.0003531996,0.000002147578,0.001176234],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985473,0.0002488428,0.00006383513,0.000008913968,0.000001492886,0.000003620596,0.0004415429,0.000001486334,0.0006828765],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3769392,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7583181,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3124226182","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2314815","title":"Income Inequality, Equality of Opportunity, and Intergenerational Mobility","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Intergenerational and Educational Inequality Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":207,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Statistics Canada; University of Ottawa","funders":"Queen's University; University of Lethbridge; Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching","keywords":"Earnings; Human capital; Economics; Inequality; Social mobility; Labour economics; Investment (military); Economic inequality; Demographic economics; Quality (philosophy); Economic growth; Finance; Sociology; Political science","authors":[{"name":"Miles Corak","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05357619629367608,"gpt":0.3510402566596292,"spread":0.2974640603659531,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00100625,0.0001697136,0.0002702363,0.001290697,0.0009804121,0.001856061,0.0003882456,0.0006056888,0.007510763],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004910198,0.0001011386,0.0002281997,0.002590061,0.001571661,0.00237714,0.002067449,0.0007183911,0.0002462366],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006801686,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000436396,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.007170796,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01018599,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999488,0.0002076837,0.00002248023,0.00005321747,0.00006541736,0.0001630976],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9972987,0.001691259,0.0005156673,0.0001267284,0.00009873909,0.00026897],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002693371,0.0003812127,0.5302987,0.00008826733,0.00019104,0.0006256232,0.00715496,0.002620496,0.0001804191,0.4079629,0.002141603,0.0480854],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002497322,0.0001093754,0.678963,0.000222458,0.0001277721,0.0004117409,0.01872554,0.003297657,0.0001721649,0.289616,0.008296636,0.00003269508],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9475839,0.003418577,0.001633856,0.003878654,0.00005046681,0.000009006033,0.0003638307,0.000005107783,0.04305653],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985706,0.0005124163,0.00006863852,0.00002948696,0.00002091481,0.000005036582,0.00004021651,0.000001076789,0.0007515629],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.007510763,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02512598,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2063336052","doi":"10.1111/j.0008-4085.2006.00337.x","title":"The compelling effects of compulsory schooling: evidence from Canada","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d économique","topic":"Intergenerational and Educational Inequality Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":183,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Mandate; Legislation; Compulsory education; Economics; Demographic economics; Political science; Economic growth; Law","authors":[{"name":"Philip Oreopoulos","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1403694688927306,"gpt":0.2255127626492551,"spread":0.08514329375652455,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002059472,0.000296066,0.0007470111,0.002777019,0.004333349,0.002898901,0.001891644,0.001065378,0.01178285],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01604702,0.0002752138,0.0007041073,0.007756299,0.002574442,0.0006096988,0.001910881,0.001640035,0.0004277081],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.04183705,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.06510148,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9961048,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9978939,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9963315,0.0004837716,0.0001755296,0.0003422574,0.001586048,0.001080799],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9751245,0.005808236,0.005271379,0.0007056852,0.009905024,0.003185121],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008866907,0.0003305027,0.883777,0.0009310321,0.0006390224,0.0006312425,0.004963576,0.0008536517,0.0001502892,0.01455598,0.03478705,0.05749394],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001069671,0.0000617792,0.9709544,0.0007216875,0.0004768983,0.00008343195,0.00555499,0.0004093513,0.000178072,0.001014695,0.02039499,0.00004267391],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8629296,0.02497485,0.000311028,0.02232374,0.0002008638,0.0001120332,0.01713854,0.00002861516,0.07198054],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9835434,0.008231441,0.0001513284,0.001136491,0.00003792598,0.00001916073,0.001991826,0.00001427219,0.004874167],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.04183705,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3035505,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1978219238","doi":"10.1111/j.1468-0475.2005.00137.x","title":"What a Difference Immigration Policy Makes: A Comparison of PISA Scores in Europe and Traditional Countries of Immigration","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"German Economic Review","topic":"Intergenerational and Educational Inequality Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":169,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Immigration; Socioeconomic status; Demographic economics; Immigration policy; Educational attainment; Political science; Economic growth; Economics; Sociology; Demography; Population","authors":[{"name":"Horst Entorf","is_ca":false},{"name":"Nicoleta Minoiu","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0839627166387766,"gpt":0.3932498713804832,"spread":0.3092871547417066,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001702131,0.0001346323,0.0003587075,0.002256905,0.0003076102,0.001221124,0.0003022406,0.0002894234,0.00250479],"category_scores_gemma":[0.005541186,0.00006915275,0.0003705881,0.002754433,0.0004763213,0.0005309109,0.0009588561,0.0002953837,0.0002724116],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005203578,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005663443,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.007901257,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.007871934,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999212,0.0002734702,0.00008377049,0.00008665107,0.0001759498,0.0001681795],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9976856,0.0007504637,0.0008418874,0.00007703943,0.0003396061,0.0003054591],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001268967,0.00004101176,0.9889442,0.00004445518,0.000110728,0.0001086213,0.0005730956,0.0001942476,0.00005067973,0.0008430132,0.0004540376,0.008509026],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000002403692,0.00003694068,0.9979334,0.00002486591,0.0000191932,0.00003359291,0.001155984,0.00007510658,0.00002384729,0.00007163686,0.0006208781,0.000002196315],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9939422,0.0007594022,0.00005431487,0.000254099,0.00001534905,0.000005625686,0.0004185125,0.000002575968,0.004547767],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990828,0.0002568022,0.00002569882,0.00001946557,0.0000064817,0.000003260618,0.0003380821,8.787098e-7,0.0002666963],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.007901257,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01571053,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2991196806","doi":"10.1073/pnas.1905094116","title":"Long-term decline in intergenerational mobility in the United States since the 1850s","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","topic":"Intergenerational and Educational Inequality Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":167,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"University of California, Los Angeles; University of Wisconsin-Madison; University of Haifa; California Center for Population Research, University of California, Los Angeles; Princeton University; McGill University; University of Pennsylvania","keywords":"Social mobility; Nonfarm payrolls; Demography; Population; Demographic economics; Term (time); Offspring; Occupational mobility; Geography; Sociology; Economics; Agriculture; Biology; Pregnancy","authors":[{"name":"Xi Song","is_ca":false},{"name":"Catherine Massey","is_ca":false},{"name":"Karen Rolf","is_ca":false},{"name":"Joseph P. Ferrie","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jonathan Rothbaum","is_ca":false},{"name":"Yu Xie","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.09183138927909061,"gpt":0.393826980907196,"spread":0.3019955916281054,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000761222,0.0001601843,0.000203873,0.001366597,0.0005694441,0.0005891403,0.000329646,0.0003115159,0.00110749],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002057646,0.0001229884,0.0002411006,0.002025,0.0003557905,0.0006163148,0.0009615953,0.0004526831,0.0001920472],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000712049,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004870252,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.06974149,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.1153166,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999747,0.00005309605,0.0000310921,0.00008217232,0.00003340394,0.00005331688],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988577,0.0001381923,0.000438813,0.00009069964,0.0002925383,0.0001819869],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003880066,0.00002441556,0.9846418,0.00003403395,0.00007715911,0.00005608184,0.0009026593,0.0002474105,0.0001167899,0.0004142291,0.001498452,0.01194813],"study_design_scores_gemma":[9.664491e-7,0.00001173119,0.9976481,0.00002077214,0.000009560833,0.00002376136,0.000300484,0.0001341647,0.00002898775,0.00006109221,0.001756906,0.000003410529],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9917853,0.001795496,0.0002231823,0.0005432718,0.00003280387,0.000006001313,0.003933759,0.00001463554,0.001665572],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.996236,0.0005690134,0.0001566186,0.00007923815,0.0000216262,0.000008355305,0.002576953,0.000002358152,0.0003498961],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.06974149,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1386711,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2912290321","doi":"10.3982/ecta17018","title":"Intergenerational Mobility in Africa","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Econometrica","topic":"Intergenerational and Educational Inequality Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":166,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; London Business School","keywords":"Geography; Destinations; Economic geography; Demographic economics; Literacy; Census; Educational attainment; Independence (probability theory); Internal migration; Development economics; Economic growth; Demography; Developing country; Sociology; Population; Economics; Tourism","authors":[{"name":"Alberto Alesina","is_ca":false},{"name":"Sebastian Hohmann","is_ca":true},{"name":"Stelios Michalopoulos","is_ca":false},{"name":"Elias Papaioannou","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1255204742207523,"gpt":0.3559676972537762,"spread":0.2304472230330239,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003181096,0.000168046,0.0001466549,0.00181098,0.0003883437,0.0006784904,0.0001688711,0.0001311519,0.002039016],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001990443,0.00008449992,0.0002190183,0.004094392,0.0002582011,0.0006983135,0.0009759862,0.0002525681,0.0001488313],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006246571,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002761913,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.03353561,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.042792,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999817,0.0000558064,0.00001040714,0.00002274915,0.00001912235,0.00007506736],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992998,0.000192928,0.0003675466,0.00003584301,0.00005475136,0.00004912417],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003759425,0.00002830085,0.958267,0.0000738277,0.0000905679,0.0003289708,0.003608441,0.002502728,0.0002013791,0.006292174,0.0008164928,0.02775245],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003286837,0.00002220531,0.9865084,0.00008277244,0.00001860561,0.0001338318,0.003593462,0.002089513,0.0001037311,0.001344389,0.006092151,0.000007687649],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9934958,0.0009309102,0.0007368707,0.0002196974,0.000005461595,0.00001140109,0.001499284,0.000004476197,0.003096074],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985197,0.0005307276,0.0002079492,0.00000729001,0.000002887753,0.00001087975,0.0003826393,0.000001064235,0.0003368612],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03353561,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.06668079,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2130781355","doi":"10.1002/hec.1050","title":"Schooling, cognitive ability and health","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Health Economics","topic":"Intergenerational and Educational Inequality Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":150,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Saskatchewan Health Quality Council; University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Nexus (standard); Cognition; Demographic economics; Quarter (Canadian coin); Population health; Instrumental variable; Population; Educational attainment; Psychology; Subsidy; Economics; Gerontology; Demography; Medicine; Economic growth; Environmental health; Econometrics; Geography; Sociology","authors":[{"name":"M. Christopher Auld","is_ca":true},{"name":"Nirmal Sidhu","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.154108715676378,"gpt":0.4484713068114515,"spread":0.2943625911350735,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007196365,0.0001604209,0.0001671848,0.001502052,0.0003637681,0.001194297,0.0001803632,0.0004111071,0.008119477],"category_scores_gemma":[0.005648343,0.00007847291,0.0003048242,0.00125291,0.001005789,0.0005578508,0.0008467122,0.0005790863,0.0004313025],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000548703,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004897122,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.009722047,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.009286578,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996763,0.0001128856,0.00001810215,0.0000404392,0.00004972448,0.0001025767],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.994113,0.003354309,0.001686317,0.0001795627,0.0001590786,0.0005077386],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000587172,0.0001309505,0.9676872,0.00006989719,0.0001819905,0.0001402152,0.0003307194,0.001085978,0.0001375507,0.01161609,0.0007598505,0.01780074],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000007669674,0.0000482651,0.9884241,0.0000541593,0.0000542657,0.00008961889,0.0003110541,0.0008766539,0.00009346971,0.007980823,0.002051381,0.000008484529],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9761207,0.003738922,0.0007699516,0.00418355,0.00003532019,0.00001044371,0.0007414448,0.00001693673,0.01438268],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9983265,0.0006566703,0.0001104084,0.0001226029,0.00002558862,0.000002918404,0.0001027633,0.000001152686,0.0006514631],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.009722047,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02716231,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2122121119","doi":"10.3386/w17435","title":"Credit Constraints in Education","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"report","venue":"National Bureau of Economic Research","topic":"Intergenerational and Educational Inequality Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":149,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Economics; Computer science","authors":[{"name":"Lance Lochner","is_ca":true},{"name":"Alexander Monge‐Naranjo","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.6776002143321871,"gpt":0.6223988901897852,"spread":0.05520132414240186,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008995973,0.0004021728,0.0005317919,0.002686347,0.0006601029,0.001784584,0.0005895059,0.001267154,0.01302563],"category_scores_gemma":[0.007313249,0.000154407,0.0003868282,0.007164776,0.0009056424,0.002453266,0.00107634,0.001083277,0.001000788],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001652264,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.003323085,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01315271,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.012472,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994025,0.0001928911,0.00007115748,0.00006995955,0.0001851176,0.00007832423],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9958827,0.002568511,0.0007951208,0.00007073701,0.0004103441,0.0002725518],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009378039,0.0001104603,0.01494444,0.01280093,0.0001839331,0.0003503493,0.0008021604,0.00235896,0.00008802378,0.09913013,0.1288602,0.7402768],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002374272,0.00006123011,0.03686666,0.02049897,0.000129571,0.0005084277,0.0008967951,0.0002115044,0.0001026347,0.02923066,0.9114408,0.00002886029],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.003429191,0.9629342,0.0004832214,0.01038129,0.000728155,0.00001790716,0.0003820067,0.00000629272,0.02163771],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.03936146,0.9542355,0.0002104155,0.001223768,0.001407657,0.00002103165,0.0002301678,0.000004211376,0.00330578],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01315271,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.04357511,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7005938678","doi":"","title":"Socio-economic status and academic achievement trajectories from childhood to adolescence","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Oxford University Research Archive (ORA) (University of Oxford)","topic":"Intergenerational and Educational Inequality Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":136,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Academic achievement; Multilevel model; Panel data; Longitudinal data; Panel Study of Income Dynamics; Socioeconomic status; Longitudinal study","authors":[],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04848550843178046,"gpt":0.3177186314444946,"spread":0.2692331230127142,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006605579,0.0001189133,0.0001811728,0.001015264,0.0007776649,0.001074742,0.0002509443,0.0001971948,0.001318701],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002787949,0.0001255945,0.0002192273,0.0009814888,0.00043272,0.0004648675,0.001045442,0.0005019619,0.0002544289],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007902431,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007204037,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.1021689,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.1567731,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997154,0.00004081277,0.00001421515,0.00003516822,0.00005668676,0.0001377523],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9979522,0.0003174922,0.0006502439,0.00009014558,0.0003693044,0.000620702],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004442529,0.00003710934,0.9938167,0.000005861529,0.00001649437,0.00005686981,0.0009183174,0.0001151807,0.0000650463,0.0004262825,0.0001551133,0.004342711],"study_design_scores_gemma":[4.566475e-7,0.00001190186,0.9990314,0.000006341705,0.000003447997,0.00002600205,0.0005244678,0.00007640781,0.00002265963,0.00004959913,0.0002456723,0.000001566541],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9981198,0.0001926788,0.00003150541,0.0000877651,0.00000279815,0.00000160213,0.0002487654,0.000002063176,0.001312904],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993304,0.0001341316,0.00002571841,0.000005565795,0.000002030352,0.000001553452,0.0002124061,0.000001169003,0.0002869666],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1021689,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2031484,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2144239366","doi":"10.1080/01615440.2012.715569","title":"The Construction of HISCAM: A Stratification Scale Based on Social Interactions for Historical Comparative Research","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Historical Methods A Journal of Quantitative and Interdisciplinary History","topic":"Intergenerational and Educational Inequality Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":135,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Social stratification; Stratification (seeds); Scale (ratio); Sociology; Inequality; Geography; Social science; Regional science; Economic geography; Cartography; Mathematics","authors":[{"name":"Paul Lambert","is_ca":false},{"name":"Richard Zijdeman","is_ca":false},{"name":"Marco H. D. van Leeuwen","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ineke Maas","is_ca":false},{"name":"Kenneth Prandy","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.5169698236869944,"gpt":0.5728769458136836,"spread":0.05590712212668925,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.006695645,0.0003791676,0.0003348224,0.007957981,0.001979136,0.002022472,0.0007141666,0.0003579151,0.004491788],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0170009,0.0001743143,0.0004335104,0.007527797,0.003422328,0.003208101,0.003350938,0.0009082672,0.0002754695],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00202441,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001885395,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004208039,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.009180252,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9957332,0.002935179,0.0003041197,0.0002610076,0.0006528915,0.0001136707],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.993053,0.00381163,0.0008250693,0.000829663,0.00109125,0.0003892717],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001332945,0.0001381478,0.1226621,0.0007738188,0.0001089871,0.0002191906,0.09496684,0.001154556,0.002680161,0.3678056,0.01026671,0.3990906],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004717588,0.0006108987,0.4956609,0.001098736,0.00010831,0.0007373983,0.09852663,0.009376981,0.002039075,0.179798,0.2117903,0.00020558],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.5698881,0.003205203,0.2841964,0.001908061,0.0007114554,0.003298382,0.003295899,0.0002959777,0.1332005],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8027868,0.000823839,0.1877602,0.0001913116,0.0001417804,0.004398054,0.001258988,0.00004331255,0.002595655],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.007957981,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03541034,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2066037726","doi":"10.2202/1935-1682.2449","title":"What More Than Parental Income, Education and Occupation? An Exploration of What Swedish Siblings Get from Their Parents","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The B E Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy","topic":"Intergenerational and Educational Inequality Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":131,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Sibling; Quarter (Canadian coin); Uncorrelated; Demographic economics; Explanatory power; Family income; Psychology; Set (abstract data type); Similarity (geometry); Socioeconomic status; Economics; Developmental psychology; Demography; Sociology; Geography; Economic growth; Population","authors":[{"name":"Anders Björklund","is_ca":false},{"name":"Lena Lindahl","is_ca":false},{"name":"Matthew J. Lindquist","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05361632965070982,"gpt":0.3950955502243529,"spread":0.341479220573643,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008666426,0.0001640135,0.0002765563,0.0007021413,0.0007006828,0.001011239,0.000198751,0.0003088939,0.003027809],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00406882,0.0001256068,0.0002611395,0.001274371,0.0006031138,0.0007316445,0.0007136389,0.0003305735,0.0002412468],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007533263,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005963569,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02410416,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0339535,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994935,0.00023328,0.00003363696,0.00006505669,0.00009104335,0.00008358376],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982936,0.0009068265,0.0003475327,0.0001047652,0.000153881,0.0001934528],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005205137,0.00003889117,0.9757717,0.00002322701,0.00004197673,0.0005490775,0.009474334,0.0001435464,0.0001361134,0.001223802,0.0003727389,0.01217252],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003544517,0.00004851492,0.962963,0.00006301271,0.00004422501,0.0004029686,0.03250528,0.0002910587,0.0001301217,0.001938331,0.001597736,0.00001206626],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9984612,0.0001827779,0.00005667739,0.0001927451,0.000003141685,0.000001057289,0.00005588672,9.446687e-7,0.001045569],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994673,0.0001252543,0.00004922156,0.00002460216,0.000001441885,8.434748e-7,0.00004870642,0.000001081639,0.000281506],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02410416,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.04792768,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2113378781","doi":"10.3386/w18493","title":"Early and Late Human Capital Investments, Borrowing Constraints, and the Family","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"report","venue":"National Bureau of Economic Research","topic":"Intergenerational and Educational Inequality Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":131,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan; Western University","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Economics; Human capital; Monetary economics; Capital (architecture); Business; Labour economics; Market economy; Geography","authors":[{"name":"Elizabeth M. Caucutt","is_ca":true},{"name":"Lance Lochner","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.532477560633392,"gpt":0.5501169812152296,"spread":0.01763942058183754,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006518889,0.0001547725,0.0002452516,0.0004529473,0.0004056689,0.0008737469,0.0002289315,0.0002591229,0.004840602],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002654936,0.0001575786,0.0001872451,0.0005880542,0.0006305757,0.000878807,0.0007940771,0.0004354259,0.0001756347],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00127486,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007964839,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01351755,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01915236,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997719,0.00005079219,0.00001168644,0.00004205506,0.0000337013,0.00008987693],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9978492,0.001060669,0.0006726122,0.00009286794,0.00007557177,0.0002492082],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001872011,0.0001290569,0.8965927,0.00007766254,0.00009198174,0.0004897997,0.002081524,0.01146007,0.001339418,0.05114629,0.0007688071,0.03563552],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001362348,0.0001079185,0.9660049,0.00008220955,0.0000337314,0.0003136265,0.001831158,0.004796801,0.0009240597,0.01990274,0.005963441,0.00002584437],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9909202,0.0005433184,0.002230257,0.0003702414,0.000002857007,0.000009517572,0.0007137424,0.00000510194,0.005204935],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9977738,0.0002435033,0.0004144647,0.00002700408,0.000003381153,0.000009152405,0.0001838054,0.000001373798,0.001343495],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01351755,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02687776,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2141496883","doi":"10.1111/j.1468-4446.2010.01315.x","title":"Education and occupational status in 14 countries: the role of educational institutions and labour market coordination","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"British Journal of Sociology","topic":"Intergenerational and Educational Inequality Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":128,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Canada Auto Workers; University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Transparency (behavior); Moderation; Vocational education; Higher education; Educational attainment; Labour economics; Business; Demographic economics; Economics; Economic growth; Political science; Psychology; Social psychology","authors":[{"name":"Robert Andersen","is_ca":true},{"name":"Herman G. van de Werfhorst","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0192456754676946,"gpt":0.3469143673478999,"spread":0.3276686918802053,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001995984,0.0002209745,0.0004954831,0.002272418,0.0009569082,0.001985019,0.0004041045,0.0003507689,0.003130723],"category_scores_gemma":[0.005432382,0.0002094527,0.0004450273,0.003274696,0.001765233,0.0009231468,0.002982999,0.0005995013,0.0001961729],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009308879,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009226183,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02238488,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02602276,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986344,0.0004453228,0.0001106907,0.0001772215,0.0001436443,0.0004886112],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9941564,0.001707078,0.002652673,0.0002594152,0.0002844305,0.0009400357],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008229181,0.00003760938,0.9911551,0.00003528703,0.00008993347,0.000127159,0.0009032081,0.0009742394,0.00006959176,0.001567361,0.0001179111,0.00484024],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000132927,0.00004336871,0.996453,0.00005221385,0.00003525571,0.00004994088,0.001795601,0.0003548467,0.00004982728,0.0005139955,0.0006312637,0.000007451178],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9970668,0.0004861741,0.0001038804,0.0001594203,0.000005524084,0.000006210367,0.0001471889,0.00000273895,0.002022189],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996014,0.0001175963,0.00003804551,0.00001025862,0.000002586014,0.00000232907,0.00009407989,8.661873e-7,0.0001327724],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02238488,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.04450917,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2788404057","doi":"10.15195/v5.a6","title":"Grandparent Effects on Educational Outcomes: A Systematic Review","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Sociological Science","topic":"Intergenerational and Educational Inequality Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":125,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Trinity College","funders":"Nuffield College, University of Oxford; European Commission; University of Oxford","keywords":"Grandparent; Socioeconomic status; Psychology; Developmental psychology; Demography; Assortative mating; Quarter (Canadian coin); Population; Geography; Sociology","authors":[{"name":"Lewis Robert Anderson","is_ca":true},{"name":"Paula Sheppard","is_ca":true},{"name":"Christiaan Monden","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.2364072458519955,"gpt":0.5293532164828519,"spread":0.2929459706308564,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.009771056,0.001295661,0.006163773,0.007229098,0.0005476038,0.002301706,0.001899136,0.001774,0.005952087],"category_scores_gemma":[0.05813735,0.0008396695,0.006099259,0.008023952,0.0008313278,0.001981176,0.001721674,0.001292044,0.0003457949],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002215159,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.008442158,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.008536945,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02423482,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9932098,0.002325504,0.002191453,0.0006675007,0.001417646,0.0001881225],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9514388,0.04025406,0.004945887,0.0006903876,0.002388875,0.0002818845],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"systematic_review","study_design_gemma":"systematic_review","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001861743,0.00001706226,0.001927046,0.9065803,0.01325755,0.0001147287,0.0002313316,0.00009695679,0.00008872183,0.0005976745,0.003425254,0.07347708],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001454009,0.0001349213,0.01005257,0.8742227,0.07652954,0.0003897716,0.0002802169,0.00007386826,0.0001382833,0.0009459268,0.03705185,0.00003498172],"study_design_candidate":"systematic_review","study_design_consensus":"systematic_review","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0004554682,0.9986517,0.00009794143,0.000208115,0.00008385527,0.00006514643,0.0002601668,0.000004333809,0.0001733219],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.009020702,0.9896653,0.0002952397,0.0004314597,0.00008722892,0.0001825643,0.0002196424,0.000004541623,0.00009332577],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.009771056,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.05167484,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2050306497","doi":"10.1353/foc.2006.0013","title":"Making It in America: Social Mobility in the Immigrant Population","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Future of Children","topic":"Intergenerational and Educational Inequality Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":120,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Immigration; Earnings; Demographic economics; Ethnic group; Wage; Disadvantage; Population; Economics; Labour economics; Demography; Geography; Political science; Sociology","authors":[{"name":"George J. Borjas","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02946296458719104,"gpt":0.3430004045161036,"spread":0.3135374399289126,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009568139,0.0002015934,0.0002720763,0.00181156,0.004633613,0.002802992,0.000478721,0.001594791,0.002560442],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001209519,0.0002310269,0.000291269,0.00327676,0.001690907,0.004430109,0.002410064,0.002338904,0.0002734197],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001559784,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002143047,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0989138,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.175026,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995896,0.0001149574,0.00002329928,0.0000356193,0.00007102056,0.0001654831],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995184,0.00007348593,0.00009399576,0.0000127406,0.00007562387,0.0002256698],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009232816,0.0003349386,0.4677595,0.0003438573,0.00007700143,0.001747722,0.2790504,0.0001314463,0.0005446383,0.03074911,0.08350983,0.1356592],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001482506,0.0001589248,0.4946899,0.0006973011,0.00003560233,0.0008807121,0.3483483,0.0001509836,0.00007962699,0.003618354,0.1512666,0.00005888485],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8303136,0.03807563,0.0001279109,0.1055846,0.00138123,0.0000314036,0.0007105682,0.0000118809,0.02376315],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9146506,0.05968884,0.0002100405,0.01598281,0.001092841,0.00006762138,0.0005791606,0.00001247075,0.007715627],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0989138,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1966761,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2110224122","doi":"10.1177/0001699305059945","title":"Social Background, Credential Inflation and Educational Strategies","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Acta Sociologica","topic":"Intergenerational and Educational Inequality Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":118,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Credential; Value (mathematics); Inflation (cosmology); Grade inflation; Educational attainment; Economics; Differential (mechanical device); Demographic economics; Social mobility; Transition (genetics); Social class; Psychology; Higher education; Sociology; Economic growth; Political science; Social science; Statistics; Mathematics","authors":[{"name":"Herman G. van de Werfhorst","is_ca":false},{"name":"Robert Andersen","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.112235218629932,"gpt":0.4187749931859038,"spread":0.3065397745559719,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007444872,0.000131854,0.0001565692,0.0007444778,0.0003839477,0.001211591,0.0001580609,0.0002570265,0.004182323],"category_scores_gemma":[0.005487757,0.00006167224,0.0001352123,0.0007564152,0.0006474982,0.0005142326,0.0006619579,0.0005603175,0.0002397904],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005190483,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002650692,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00486799,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.008077431,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999503,0.0002135578,0.00002752801,0.00004141945,0.00008869531,0.0001258031],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9943976,0.002387122,0.001861092,0.0002030891,0.0001933838,0.0009577187],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008293628,0.0002143064,0.9751886,0.00001339999,0.00006086728,0.0001526386,0.0006476858,0.001340854,0.0002467138,0.007575988,0.000199439,0.01427661],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004608628,0.00007881922,0.9935097,0.00001403016,0.00001446747,0.00005948543,0.0007238314,0.00150508,0.0001373053,0.0031141,0.0008329992,0.000005595896],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9953092,0.0001267371,0.000315698,0.0002502607,0.000003259943,0.000005925392,0.00006187114,0.000003349721,0.003923817],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995628,0.00004056729,0.00004885585,0.00001002896,0.000003443796,0.000001756984,0.00003796453,4.932024e-7,0.0002939302],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.00486799,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01399124,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2273137892","doi":"10.1016/b978-0-444-53444-6.00002-x","title":"Nonproduction Benefits of Education","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Handbook of the economics of education","topic":"Intergenerational and Educational Inequality Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":117,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Productivity; Voting; Public economics; Economics; Political science; Economic growth; Law","authors":[{"name":"Lance Lochner","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.07099080735660235,"gpt":0.2922024655172499,"spread":0.2212116581606475,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003690946,0.0004494131,0.0004057589,0.0006996235,0.0005909461,0.002451079,0.0005978084,0.001273208,0.03950195],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009282867,0.0002432324,0.0002227154,0.0008718232,0.002017277,0.003169626,0.0008503424,0.001870423,0.005572435],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001093961,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001302523,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001318543,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0033239,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998426,0.00004394658,0.000004826378,0.00002703296,0.00005823759,0.00002327138],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997578,0.0001339989,0.00001395397,0.00004482652,0.00003257584,0.00001683144],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007192829,0.0000288679,0.0001063905,0.00005008551,0.000004785553,0.0000240916,0.0001019391,0.0002660936,0.0001130538,0.927768,0.03379583,0.03773367],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000005201236,0.000007874015,0.0006973437,0.000147889,0.000004053814,0.0001147242,0.00008487708,0.0002130971,0.0001656213,0.6676326,0.3309217,0.000004923576],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.003052945,0.06067082,0.008577966,0.009829004,0.0006190671,0.00002186154,0.0003249784,0.00006890216,0.9168345],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.1724357,0.07787644,0.006657201,0.003502946,0.002009251,0.0001148794,0.0005683376,0.0001011328,0.736734],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.03950195,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1321471,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1519965290","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1259859","title":"Long Term Persistence","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Intergenerational and Educational Inequality Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":114,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Kellogg's (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Term (time); Persistence (discontinuity); Physics; Geology","authors":[{"name":"Luigi Guiso","is_ca":false},{"name":"Paola Sapienza","is_ca":true},{"name":"Luigi Zingales","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0662337729869488,"gpt":0.3302789996103467,"spread":0.2640452266233979,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001394171,0.0001792215,0.0004124537,0.001025627,0.001184388,0.003217018,0.000692651,0.0009637681,0.02753793],"category_scores_gemma":[0.008795626,0.0001142198,0.0005103379,0.001542009,0.0007437164,0.002962282,0.001876649,0.001612493,0.004256897],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008227379,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009234326,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002625329,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002219636,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994385,0.00004182936,0.00003790764,0.0001533031,0.0001415693,0.0001869104],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9935627,0.001810729,0.001199685,0.001119343,0.001285338,0.001022243],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000670385,0.0006171206,0.5646433,0.000395703,0.000354533,0.0008463201,0.005732359,0.001673821,0.005538757,0.0917501,0.01904758,0.30873],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003194,0.000478594,0.8081633,0.0001925247,0.0002755029,0.001279403,0.005929462,0.002935824,0.001899079,0.1042248,0.07451185,0.00007772281],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8591715,0.004885318,0.006524093,0.006530748,0.0003233665,0.00007328089,0.005192738,0.0002148319,0.1170842],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9749268,0.000508081,0.000284866,0.0002887095,0.0001207178,0.00003725694,0.00129506,0.00003059667,0.02250785],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02753793,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.09212351,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3121934984","doi":"10.1016/j.jhealeco.2011.04.005","title":"Genetic lotteries within families","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Health Economics","topic":"Intergenerational and Educational Inequality Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":102,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Endogeneity; Instrumental variable; Estimator; Econometrics; Economics; Statistics; Mathematics","authors":[{"name":"Jason M. Fletcher","is_ca":false},{"name":"Steven Lehrer","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1732870127894994,"gpt":0.3608541678553466,"spread":0.1875671550658472,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002022751,0.0002557737,0.0006825497,0.0005311818,0.0009530091,0.002192034,0.000817424,0.001401222,0.0179598],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01222894,0.0003435225,0.0005631485,0.0006368346,0.001865439,0.003113379,0.000864448,0.001308912,0.0006045976],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001316306,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007655384,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001921424,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001841974,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982039,0.001197014,0.00004418663,0.0001958283,0.000152983,0.0002061192],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.989848,0.007511899,0.0007725314,0.0009064735,0.0004103983,0.0005506966],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009942803,0.0001107067,0.003759198,0.00002755175,0.00004777503,0.0001917489,0.0004194707,0.01052738,0.0002956648,0.9715242,0.001869434,0.01112739],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003741594,0.00005223577,0.001721514,0.00001328335,0.00002486058,0.0001451903,0.0003258075,0.02566089,0.0001506577,0.9702479,0.001607641,0.00001259609],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.799299,0.0005029005,0.1197172,0.00516495,0.00007755629,0.0001208286,0.0006334964,0.0001210738,0.07436293],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9862752,0.00009534649,0.005660013,0.0001231941,0.0000183169,0.00004250436,0.00006714249,0.000008478493,0.007709909],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0179598,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.06008154,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2044608169","doi":"10.1080/03075079.2014.899342","title":"The iron law of hierarchy? Institutional differentiation in UK higher education","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Studies in Higher Education","topic":"Intergenerational and Educational Inequality Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":102,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Nuffield Foundation; Society for Research into Higher Education","keywords":"Hierarchy; Higher education; Ethnic group; Sociology; Social class; Quarter (Canadian coin); Dimension (graph theory); Variation (astronomy); Subject (documents); Demographic economics; Political science; Geography; Law; Economics","authors":[{"name":"Linda Croxford","is_ca":false},{"name":"David Raffe","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1088305236191795,"gpt":0.4118713316459449,"spread":0.3030408080267654,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001351751,0.0001291077,0.0003300926,0.002595466,0.0013289,0.003142939,0.0003278742,0.0003894564,0.002896773],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00644586,0.000136019,0.0001458761,0.003722255,0.005725269,0.002388418,0.003633968,0.0006267265,0.0002259968],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.006257365,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001912578,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.06839567,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0821544,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979793,0.0006243738,0.0001529026,0.0002421458,0.0004542221,0.0005471106],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9967694,0.001019094,0.001079703,0.0002364476,0.0004151709,0.0004800759],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003182122,0.00006242443,0.4541007,0.0003164477,0.00007634911,0.0006510907,0.07037395,0.002589451,0.0009918722,0.2750091,0.003313715,0.1921967],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002851393,0.00009025656,0.9111294,0.0003840165,0.00001846619,0.0001661297,0.03093346,0.001128833,0.0001935546,0.03934169,0.01654283,0.00004277383],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9690984,0.001911093,0.001159512,0.0036135,0.00002731257,0.00001254413,0.0001080399,0.000008738685,0.02406089],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993748,0.0001198794,0.00009250826,0.00004310522,0.000004980379,0.000002119838,0.00001436785,0.000001322938,0.0003469349],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.06839567,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1359951,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2347107049","doi":"10.1177/1065912916640900","title":"Political Socialization and Voting","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Political Research Quarterly","topic":"Intergenerational and Educational Inequality Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":101,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Academy of Finland","keywords":"Generalizability theory; Socialization; Turnout; Voting; Educational attainment; European Social Survey; Psychology; Affect (linguistics); Voting behavior; Politics; Social psychology; Political science; Developmental psychology","authors":[{"name":"Elisabeth Gidengil","is_ca":true},{"name":"Hanna Wass","is_ca":false},{"name":"Maria Valaste","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.2370657947104446,"gpt":0.5209200335860047,"spread":0.2838542388755601,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008732133,0.00008919755,0.0001626602,0.0006820035,0.0007324907,0.001338672,0.0001804835,0.0002813422,0.007929835],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003688978,0.0000592261,0.00012131,0.0006642519,0.001371127,0.0005903527,0.000903898,0.0003740692,0.0003559296],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005300582,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002046048,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00315084,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004230521,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991785,0.0003568415,0.00002566567,0.0000855249,0.00007609326,0.0002773907],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9978263,0.0007367366,0.0007998295,0.0001380153,0.0001087655,0.0003904128],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00023817,0.0002189566,0.848794,0.00003661439,0.00006956492,0.0003935326,0.007538232,0.001226155,0.001128395,0.08985906,0.001437765,0.04905958],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000016218,0.00008360408,0.9608156,0.0000257723,0.00001924415,0.0002009237,0.005736506,0.001607423,0.0003379642,0.02456799,0.006576049,0.00001263361],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9732439,0.0001329096,0.0003424629,0.000359237,0.000007608406,0.000005182409,0.00004717371,0.000002841265,0.02585869],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994574,0.00001934453,0.00001829862,0.000007999062,0.000004179181,8.601648e-7,0.00001134325,5.442756e-7,0.0004800607],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.007929835,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02652794,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2163990662","doi":"10.1177/0020715208093081","title":"Patterns of Social Inequalities in Access to Higher Education in France and Germany","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Comparative Sociology","topic":"Intergenerational and Educational Inequality Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":99,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Higher education; Multinomial logistic regression; Inequality; Access to Higher Education; Social inequality; Demographic economics; Institution; Logistic regression; Political science; Demography; Economic growth; Sociology; Social science; Economics; Medicine","authors":[{"name":"Marie Duru‐Bellat","is_ca":false},{"name":"Annick Kieffer","is_ca":false},{"name":"David Reimer","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1711540174955945,"gpt":0.4767558066054783,"spread":0.3056017891098838,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008073919,0.0001365558,0.0002562614,0.003214601,0.0004832353,0.0009774533,0.0002631869,0.000300386,0.002122645],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002320183,0.00008559525,0.0002480992,0.002077213,0.0006047895,0.0005260409,0.001026331,0.0002772583,0.0001414282],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001651329,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004354886,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.07044347,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.1020751,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994029,0.0001267573,0.00003685788,0.00009189174,0.00009266838,0.0002489088],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982207,0.0004530201,0.0008179282,0.00005917748,0.0001547166,0.0002943608],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001386719,0.00003157268,0.9865623,0.00002324507,0.00008314169,0.0001657357,0.00212275,0.0003406554,0.0003317245,0.001393346,0.0003482087,0.008458665],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000001776412,0.00001559888,0.9987022,0.000008467968,0.00000495473,0.00003468074,0.0006489587,0.0001057015,0.00002936876,0.00005439296,0.0003908686,0.000003043933],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9987478,0.000279159,0.00003219773,0.0001353414,0.000001667578,0.00000124748,0.0001679986,0.000002674939,0.0006319501],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999532,0.00007283534,0.00001963798,0.00001035948,0.000003027902,0.000001438423,0.0001534649,6.609608e-7,0.0002065561],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.07044347,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1400669,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2416699771","doi":"10.1177/2332858416649593","title":"Patterns of Cross-National Variation in the Association Between Income and Academic Achievement","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"AERA Open","topic":"Intergenerational and Educational Inequality Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":98,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Poverty; Economic inequality; Demographic economics; Context (archaeology); Academic achievement; Economics; Inequality; Sample (material); Association (psychology); Economic growth; Psychology; Geography; Developmental psychology","authors":[{"name":"Anna K. Chmielewski","is_ca":true},{"name":"Sean F. Reardon","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1217148342576416,"gpt":0.4400780999794749,"spread":0.3183632657218333,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002431165,0.0001245404,0.0003223449,0.002221679,0.0004821642,0.0006243307,0.0003628646,0.000258758,0.002717471],"category_scores_gemma":[0.006597721,0.0001580062,0.0004309336,0.00273659,0.000644769,0.000511785,0.001306238,0.0005218952,0.0003637924],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003308169,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002167359,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01216931,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02598048,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985738,0.0004389651,0.0001262108,0.0004127028,0.0002277524,0.0002206934],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9920474,0.004158377,0.001508409,0.0008185909,0.001057494,0.0004097432],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005984484,0.0000288419,0.9880279,0.00002785032,0.0002908703,0.00005919723,0.001264227,0.0001364478,0.0004068547,0.0005855504,0.0003064753,0.00880583],"study_design_scores_gemma":[6.081743e-7,0.000008969168,0.9991639,0.000004936913,0.000009685838,0.00002358569,0.0003163056,0.00004906005,0.00005408048,0.00005914922,0.000306804,0.000002948489],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9929736,0.0009422771,0.000571378,0.0002219522,0.00001676679,0.000006559083,0.0007698718,0.00001772867,0.004479809],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985675,0.000188555,0.0001387876,0.00003160732,0.000005561424,0.000006493171,0.0006850422,0.0000057721,0.000370588],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01216931,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02419692,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2064286289","doi":"10.1016/s0261-3794(99)00061-x","title":"Declining cleavages and political choices: the interplay of social and political factors in the Netherlands","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Electoral Studies","topic":"Intergenerational and Educational Inequality Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":93,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Politics; Voting; Voting behavior; Political economy; Loyalty; Political science; Quarter (Canadian coin); Test (biology); Development economics; Sociology; Law; Economics; Geography","authors":[{"name":"Nan Dirk de Graaf","is_ca":false},{"name":"Anthony Heath","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ariana Need","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1355722758856662,"gpt":0.4562969713248585,"spread":0.3207246954391923,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002133913,0.0001005757,0.0004516437,0.001260366,0.00128273,0.003750652,0.0007607238,0.000716274,0.008087581],"category_scores_gemma":[0.009061497,0.0002439005,0.0002174022,0.002737157,0.001674035,0.001779001,0.001459379,0.0009661295,0.0005439728],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.003661765,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002147889,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.2459005,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.3948418,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998156,0.00064091,0.00008763246,0.0002166225,0.0001955659,0.000703292],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9969522,0.001261081,0.0007422746,0.0001231924,0.0003480969,0.0005731151],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008650955,0.0003777919,0.8314623,0.0001623533,0.0001850171,0.001534696,0.07069197,0.002146346,0.0007167375,0.04303275,0.003601582,0.0452234],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00005097753,0.0000450413,0.9125229,0.00009241258,0.00006434792,0.0002447437,0.0641024,0.001622432,0.0002484618,0.005635567,0.01533864,0.0000319933],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9925761,0.0004174559,0.00007404185,0.0005326688,0.000008602197,0.000004659913,0.0001188207,6.248586e-7,0.006267045],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9979551,0.0001662501,0.00002799841,0.00002457142,0.000003861771,0.00000422055,0.00007118865,0.00000344358,0.001743486],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2459005,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4889383,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2120784851","doi":"","title":"Why Are Youth from Lower-income Families Less Likely to Attend University? Evidence from Academic Abilities, Parental Influences, and Financial Constraints","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","topic":"Intergenerational and Educational Inequality Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":90,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Quartile; Attendance; Test (biology); Contrast (vision); Demographic economics; Family income; Psychology; Standardized test; Quality (philosophy); Distribution (mathematics); Reading (process); Developmental psychology; Economics; Demography; Political science; Medicine; Mathematics education; Sociology; Economic growth; Computer science; Mathematics","authors":[{"name":"Marc Frenette","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1173094008675982,"gpt":0.3695933030224768,"spread":0.2522839021548786,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001303499,0.0002880256,0.0004259688,0.001412898,0.001281788,0.001465561,0.0008796842,0.0007569571,0.005221414],"category_scores_gemma":[0.006396286,0.0002633483,0.0006450277,0.002243222,0.0008612268,0.0005910905,0.0006355385,0.0008098593,0.0002667181],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00134358,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001905169,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.4946922,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.4885749,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991111,0.0001392195,0.00004311342,0.0002232902,0.0001703605,0.0003128945],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9951095,0.001169425,0.001950033,0.000251572,0.0005246516,0.0009947928],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003930699,0.00001570704,0.9966617,0.00001059779,0.000040939,0.00006620393,0.0004563299,0.00001699243,0.0000285824,0.0001020896,0.0001834806,0.002378107],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000002579987,0.00001111801,0.9983773,0.00001927312,0.00003390975,0.00003755791,0.001085351,0.00004198583,0.00002937478,0.0000607757,0.0002975761,0.000003263356],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9947692,0.001222246,0.00008959254,0.0008934225,0.00001738029,0.00000531767,0.0006403372,0.000004094265,0.002358398],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998894,0.0003953898,0.00004032341,0.00009695414,0.00001020699,0.000003088766,0.0002475898,0.000002867669,0.0003094451],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4946922,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9836255,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2947666646","doi":"10.1093/ej/uez019","title":"The Canadian Geography of Intergenerational Income Mobility","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Economic Journal","topic":"Intergenerational and Educational Inequality Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":89,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Census; Geography; Demographic economics; Inequality; Distribution (mathematics); Social mobility; Income distribution; Cohort; Economic geography; Demography; Economics; Sociology; Statistics; Population; Social science","authors":[{"name":"Miles Corak","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02267963527568606,"gpt":0.3028122893939414,"spread":0.2801326541182554,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005140263,0.0002658252,0.000312331,0.006771159,0.006059187,0.003613836,0.001009548,0.0003083913,0.009045809],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002836603,0.0002193071,0.0003609135,0.01379663,0.002322645,0.0008522723,0.002071674,0.0004682067,0.0003598155],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.06786239,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.03978857,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.997135,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.99813,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990727,0.0001086162,0.00002546416,0.0001298953,0.0003050007,0.0003583143],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982353,0.000144622,0.000209675,0.00007338187,0.001014166,0.0003228251],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000187854,0.00004187677,0.6157495,0.00041356,0.0001523181,0.001102907,0.02267598,0.004399824,0.0009474205,0.1571642,0.04589917,0.1512654],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000007018888,0.000008428418,0.9228925,0.0002382936,0.00002855711,0.0001787854,0.009993106,0.0009925689,0.00009838013,0.005551815,0.05995193,0.00005854613],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7647409,0.01745902,0.00232397,0.01179648,0.000136356,0.0001175524,0.01722592,0.0001054891,0.1860942],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9902475,0.002831715,0.0005221891,0.00009682386,0.00001062774,0.00001540597,0.001158021,0.00001286789,0.005104851],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.06786239,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4923784,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1970674149","doi":"10.1016/j.rssm.2010.03.005","title":"Pathways of change in social mobility: Industrialization, education and growing fluidity in Brazil","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Research in Social Stratification and Mobility","topic":"Intergenerational and Educational Inequality Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":87,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Industrialisation; Counterfactual thinking; Context (archaeology); Social mobility; Demographic economics; Quarter (Canadian coin); Social class; Life course approach; Social change; Development economics; Economics; Sociology; Economic growth; Geography; Psychology; Social science; Social psychology","authors":[{"name":"Florencia Torche","is_ca":false},{"name":"Carlos Antônio Costa Ribeiro","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.4444105956024751,"gpt":0.5181192213371514,"spread":0.07370862573467629,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001101838,0.0001857227,0.0003361983,0.002042659,0.001911271,0.001923828,0.0006276099,0.0005515461,0.002064563],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00496234,0.0002208414,0.0004928426,0.002625405,0.002400954,0.001763119,0.002903155,0.0006623704,0.00007017091],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00537809,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00587819,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.2095285,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.3208352,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992943,0.0001971255,0.00003663381,0.00009882531,0.00007085482,0.0003021981],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980935,0.0006917465,0.0004784757,0.0001038807,0.0002721503,0.0003602273],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001295771,0.0001333213,0.8386259,0.0002056948,0.00009755189,0.0005345897,0.05809675,0.0007730323,0.0009701698,0.06328286,0.000618904,0.03653169],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001082192,0.00005384387,0.9299991,0.000175248,0.00005772854,0.0001815099,0.05460239,0.001201869,0.0003062898,0.00709674,0.006288203,0.00002636097],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9899093,0.001031068,0.0002835619,0.002144458,0.000008472048,0.00002539937,0.0001700714,0.000009424466,0.006418271],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994757,0.0001975942,0.00008074038,0.00001487717,0.000001863432,0.00000540914,0.00002048297,0.000001299389,0.0002020084],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2095285,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4166179,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2537289407","doi":"10.1111/caje.12203","title":"The long‐term effects of forcible assimilation policy: The case of Indian boarding schools","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d économique","topic":"Intergenerational and Educational Inequality Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":77,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"","keywords":"Indigenous; Assimilation (phonology); Cultural assimilation; Economics; Boarding school; Demographic economics; Political science; Geography; Ethnic group; Law","authors":[{"name":"Donna Feir","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1266086906442516,"gpt":0.2614348487722419,"spread":0.1348261581279903,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002279836,0.0001875889,0.0005515758,0.0009945864,0.004732848,0.004417907,0.001321601,0.00154536,0.008385321],"category_scores_gemma":[0.006844572,0.0001799374,0.0007159284,0.001452573,0.004575917,0.001555716,0.003571273,0.00323376,0.0002564889],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.01333954,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.006494494,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.5110592,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.504092,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9975562,0.0007131016,0.00004909466,0.0001204985,0.0001610518,0.001399997],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9921576,0.002755489,0.001963495,0.0004114979,0.0009791701,0.001732805],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001023429,0.001744424,0.6510378,0.0001873731,0.0005379784,0.003995781,0.01782113,0.02090967,0.001588369,0.2648698,0.007320666,0.02896348],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001796836,0.00034992,0.8324538,0.0002887516,0.0009541612,0.0002941114,0.08412807,0.0178479,0.001450821,0.04400668,0.017879,0.0001669866],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9755663,0.0004002267,0.0002732549,0.004705304,0.00002587277,0.00001950466,0.0001211112,0.00000986226,0.01887866],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998924,0.00009293074,0.00002927493,0.00008279971,0.000008478608,0.000004438185,0.00001593034,0.00000135511,0.0008407896],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4889408,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9836406,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2052858891","doi":"10.1002/jae.716","title":"Structural estimates of the intergenerational education correlation","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Econometrics","topic":"Intergenerational and Educational Inequality Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":73,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"","keywords":"Econometrics; Economics; Correlation; Component (thermodynamics); Contrast (vision); Demographic economics; Mathematics","authors":[{"name":"Christian Belzil","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05599389231112695,"gpt":0.3157970030093063,"spread":0.2598031106981794,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003680853,0.000503903,0.0007769779,0.001526801,0.0002942609,0.001373107,0.0009181555,0.0007277712,0.01140034],"category_scores_gemma":[0.02013995,0.0005076317,0.001016817,0.00179808,0.0007521771,0.001319432,0.00166752,0.001687789,0.001033629],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009847976,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001048018,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006931053,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.007440942,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988487,0.0006148409,0.00004620358,0.0002349172,0.0001377043,0.000117672],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9874343,0.008581923,0.001788395,0.00137244,0.000566449,0.0002564981],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001616305,0.000215486,0.240098,0.0001574099,0.0009352116,0.0002723786,0.0006545231,0.4032857,0.0005019547,0.2915023,0.00384262,0.0583728],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00005753986,0.00009671372,0.06894773,0.00008997516,0.0001745547,0.0001054599,0.0003196131,0.752039,0.0004123048,0.1740251,0.00368797,0.00004407394],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6615692,0.0004854272,0.3222501,0.001483595,0.00005507374,0.0001773599,0.003750163,0.0003717807,0.009857266],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9807615,0.0003325815,0.01382858,0.0000491715,0.00002320169,0.0001130265,0.001678677,0.00002993973,0.003183363],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01140034,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03813797,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2032705145","doi":"10.1016/j.ssresearch.2011.12.001","title":"Social mobility in 20 modern societies: The role of economic and political context","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Social Science Research","topic":"Intergenerational and Educational Inequality Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":69,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Social mobility; Politics; Per capita; Industrialisation; Survey data collection; Demographic economics; Variation (astronomy); European Social Survey; Multilevel model; Inequality; Context (archaeology); Development economics; Social stratification; Social inequality; Economics; Political science; Economic geography; Sociology; Geography; Demography; Social science; Population","authors":[{"name":"Meir Yaish","is_ca":false},{"name":"Robert Andersen","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.2898841980232481,"gpt":0.5052695401898493,"spread":0.2153853421666012,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001114116,0.0002051629,0.0002997058,0.003018777,0.002119298,0.003899852,0.0005787117,0.000885078,0.005093119],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004128475,0.0001478175,0.0001898093,0.003659111,0.006522595,0.004091917,0.003141124,0.0007449016,0.0001516749],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001997733,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001159864,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.008063471,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01406564,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992214,0.0003798917,0.00002489294,0.0000871937,0.00009172221,0.0001948827],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9976018,0.001231962,0.000482993,0.0001076299,0.0001649994,0.0004107471],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002274489,0.0002844185,0.3300682,0.000248753,0.0001496884,0.0005809432,0.06242138,0.002058042,0.0005909227,0.527909,0.002215635,0.07324559],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002170109,0.0001533555,0.6340764,0.0004327648,0.00007872287,0.0004534874,0.09539314,0.002252896,0.0002891445,0.2340826,0.03270764,0.00005808924],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9563842,0.005192273,0.001103974,0.00656504,0.00004750468,0.000009127652,0.0001528636,0.000008592333,0.03053634],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984204,0.0009841975,0.00007026117,0.00004596424,0.00003647893,0.000004326583,0.00001938466,0.000001700803,0.0004173481],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.008063471,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01703823,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1522518536","doi":"10.3386/w10164","title":"Does Human Capital Transfer from Parent to Child? The Intergenerational Effects of Compulsory Schooling","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"report","venue":"National Bureau of Economic Research","topic":"Intergenerational and Educational Inequality Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":69,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Human capital; Compulsory education; Demographic economics; Developmental psychology; Psychology; Economics; Labour economics; Economic growth; Pedagogy","authors":[{"name":"Philip Oreopoulos","is_ca":true},{"name":"Marianne Page","is_ca":true},{"name":"Ann Huff Stevens","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.3192330432872494,"gpt":0.5332538758331018,"spread":0.2140208325458524,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009229629,0.0002039899,0.0002131012,0.0007539307,0.0003370199,0.001035319,0.0004108008,0.0005229104,0.006758331],"category_scores_gemma":[0.007416011,0.0001835594,0.0003082355,0.001111355,0.0010693,0.001050708,0.0008025213,0.0006598337,0.0004412635],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001172856,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000665454,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01830022,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02053724,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993677,0.0002216997,0.00001954204,0.0001226023,0.00006441888,0.0002040949],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9944074,0.00264498,0.00191795,0.0003575514,0.0001671199,0.0005049978],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008585845,0.0001264987,0.9590206,0.0000353754,0.0001284389,0.0005998873,0.0009172233,0.001912961,0.0003063225,0.007659871,0.000663657,0.02854323],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000008846078,0.00007460573,0.9915057,0.00004636367,0.00006648964,0.0002440919,0.000685955,0.0008565358,0.000300812,0.003703053,0.002498972,0.000008639578],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9830065,0.001481153,0.00111906,0.003632281,0.00003104657,0.00002285858,0.0005755023,0.00001671059,0.01011478],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9979467,0.00059972,0.0001325958,0.0001203148,0.00001786394,0.000005073692,0.00007872738,0.000002281398,0.001096845],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01830022,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03638744,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3125220472","doi":"","title":"Inequality from Generation to Generation: The United States in Comparison","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"Econstor (Econstor)","topic":"Intergenerational and Educational Inequality Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":68,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Inequality; Meaning (existential); Government (linguistics); Politics; State (computer science); Order (exchange); Public policy; Political science; Work (physics); Political economy; Economics; Sociology; Development economics; Economic growth; Law; Psychology","authors":[{"name":"Miles Corak","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1293657482806715,"gpt":0.3711596107579478,"spread":0.2417938624772763,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001038353,0.0001479851,0.0004177,0.00220525,0.001432966,0.002329508,0.0003752507,0.0005431913,0.004254678],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003522011,0.00008630611,0.0002233173,0.005669309,0.0009046178,0.001769142,0.002837192,0.0008016821,0.0003020919],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001231177,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007728375,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.1225164,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.1723828,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991964,0.0003409804,0.00003836479,0.00009885927,0.0001206087,0.0002047548],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998814,0.0003434012,0.0002093195,0.0001122365,0.0003150865,0.0002060005],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001089926,0.0002727549,0.4692655,0.0003639733,0.0004194428,0.001387766,0.09618767,0.001134892,0.0006474834,0.1688457,0.08114368,0.1792413],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004300402,0.000179279,0.7956468,0.0007664757,0.0001938159,0.0004188682,0.07467397,0.0004571196,0.0003706526,0.01533279,0.1118585,0.00005889653],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8694006,0.009394486,0.0005780345,0.01163138,0.0005477007,0.00003374825,0.004752608,0.00002366641,0.1036378],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9913539,0.00285481,0.0002356094,0.001116188,0.00008902936,0.00003394049,0.001993397,0.00001747658,0.002305615],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1225164,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2436066,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2268645508","doi":"10.1093/esr/jcv077","title":"Social Mobility and Class Identity: The Role of Economic Conditions in 33 Societies, 1999–2009","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"European Sociological Review","topic":"Intergenerational and Educational Inequality Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":68,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Social mobility; Sociology; Class (philosophy); Identity (music); Social class; Social identity theory; Economic geography; Economic system; Demographic economics; Economics; Social science; Epistemology; Social group; Market economy","authors":[{"name":"Josh Curtis","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1744607928175755,"gpt":0.4268920259565359,"spread":0.2524312331389604,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00170116,0.0002924778,0.0003845134,0.001301355,0.0006429838,0.001062988,0.0007508118,0.0003986685,0.001431029],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003457599,0.0001394918,0.0006835678,0.002743996,0.0005920999,0.0008180084,0.001481441,0.000658871,0.0001509003],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001177672,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006936425,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.03522466,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.04716691,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994414,0.0002292041,0.00004415841,0.0000907458,0.0000809874,0.0001134173],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986708,0.0003447357,0.0006600518,0.00007442256,0.0001283855,0.0001216449],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001294478,0.00009916926,0.9633106,0.0001461846,0.000387955,0.0001301279,0.004890221,0.0009343441,0.00006793175,0.003437683,0.001033284,0.025433],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004050846,0.00002925124,0.9934973,0.00009820835,0.00007141758,0.00005425458,0.002773859,0.0008187102,0.00003085975,0.0004261595,0.002188502,0.000007359532],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9928024,0.004393829,0.000286526,0.0004372143,0.00001982346,0.00001663344,0.0005577322,0.000002877108,0.00148305],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9969639,0.002054742,0.000180009,0.00001836035,0.00001670477,0.000018627,0.0004638041,0.000001414534,0.0002823867],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03522466,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.07003927,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2156623303","doi":"10.1002/hec.1665","title":"Family income and child cognitive and behavioural development in the United Kingdom: does money matter?","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Health Economics","topic":"Intergenerational and Educational Inequality Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":68,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Institute for Health and Care Research; Public Health Agency of Canada","keywords":"Context (archaeology); Child development; Psychology; Developmental psychology; Millennium Cohort Study (United States); Breastfeeding; Cognition; Demographic economics; Economics; Public economics; Cohort study; Medicine; Psychiatry; Geography; Pediatrics","authors":[{"name":"Mara Violato","is_ca":false},{"name":"Stavros Petrou","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ron Gray","is_ca":false},{"name":"Maggie Redshaw","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1021363293011705,"gpt":0.3652811736497568,"spread":0.2631448443485863,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005481722,0.0001619638,0.0003053326,0.0007829313,0.0005080141,0.0009065131,0.0003535385,0.0003191138,0.001984003],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003318546,0.0001934122,0.0002073122,0.001647804,0.0004215554,0.0004880953,0.0009728117,0.0004014667,0.000287278],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001928826,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000747386,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.4223095,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.5173547,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995357,0.0001664747,0.00005536239,0.0000582971,0.00008275699,0.0001012956],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981578,0.0003836908,0.0008420217,0.00009170945,0.0002294581,0.0002954557],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005811735,0.00001458619,0.9909242,0.00003835165,0.00005420254,0.0002800196,0.001539667,0.00008761402,0.00005468661,0.0001559724,0.0006822686,0.006110308],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00000197162,0.00001023044,0.9985562,0.00002931972,0.000008260792,0.00006064651,0.0007773258,0.00003999169,0.00001076511,0.00001963811,0.0004829752,0.000002790572],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9953193,0.002515511,0.0000350439,0.0006078464,0.0000136713,0.000002367148,0.0005413611,0.000001451772,0.0009634487],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99844,0.0009267323,0.00003092846,0.00005917574,0.000004180859,0.000003628246,0.0002064745,0.000001021991,0.000327932],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4223095,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8397027,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2979598276","doi":"10.1093/esr/jcz049","title":"Navigating Institutions: Parents’ Knowledge of the Educational System and Students’ Success in Education","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"European Sociological Review","topic":"Intergenerational and Educational Inequality Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":65,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Office of International Science and Engineering; University of Toronto; Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek; Universiteit van Amsterdam","keywords":"Educational attainment; Affect (linguistics); Educational inequality; Cultural capital; Psychology; Human capital; Social capital; Status attainment; Longitudinal study; Higher education; Inequality; Sociology; Demographic economics; Social psychology; Mathematics education; Socioeconomic status; Economic growth; Social science; Economics; Demography; Medicine","authors":[{"name":"Andrea Förster","is_ca":false},{"name":"Herman G. van de Werfhorst","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1139941105882752,"gpt":0.4590840288627503,"spread":0.3450899182744751,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002173724,0.0001597728,0.0003418934,0.0008106673,0.0005394779,0.00187865,0.0004826843,0.0008144388,0.007132091],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01660418,0.0001903431,0.0004261803,0.0009204802,0.0007935475,0.001172263,0.0008419381,0.001025442,0.0004207727],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006193403,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005562243,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01770399,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01476854,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987836,0.0004897984,0.0001126623,0.0001393037,0.0002560651,0.0002185698],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9769298,0.01093952,0.007789155,0.000844173,0.0009468853,0.002550484],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002937827,0.0001794506,0.9949563,0.00001040972,0.00005046637,0.00007968786,0.001335645,0.0001284853,0.00004775291,0.0001857772,0.0001257301,0.002870913],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003141965,0.0000792167,0.9957194,0.00002710077,0.00002552788,0.00004256569,0.003097887,0.0003568372,0.00006938603,0.0002344787,0.0003357796,0.000008700813],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9985719,0.00008710702,0.00006312621,0.0001704645,0.000003888631,0.000003336438,0.0000820453,0.000001073271,0.001016968],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996151,0.00004446535,0.00003222182,0.000009374974,0.000002624025,0.000002273101,0.000047056,5.804033e-7,0.0002463438],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01770399,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03520185,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1985845460","doi":"10.1111/j.1755-618x.2008.00003.x","title":"A Socioeconomic Scale for Canada: Measuring Occupational Status from the Census","year":2008,"lang":"fr","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Review of Sociology/Revue canadienne de sociologie","topic":"Intergenerational and Educational Inequality Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":65,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Census; Socioeconomic status; Occupational prestige; Context (archaeology); Occupational segregation; Scale (ratio); Political science; Humanities; Geography; Demography; Sociology; Cartography; Population; Art; Archaeology; Law","authors":[{"name":"Mónica Boyd","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1796714317976739,"gpt":0.3214094262595106,"spread":0.1417379944618367,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00158089,0.0003352274,0.0004009563,0.007625413,0.002516614,0.001802014,0.00087898,0.000288694,0.006544661],"category_scores_gemma":[0.008793519,0.0001736446,0.0005101769,0.0121305,0.0008555985,0.00065666,0.001601827,0.000790572,0.0009107682],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.01991396,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0460146,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9661911,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9798249,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9970267,0.000209285,0.0001792515,0.0001426887,0.002169866,0.0002723054],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.995115,0.0003020772,0.0004405249,0.0001731578,0.003452001,0.0005170651],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001404406,0.000116968,0.6508744,0.0005270651,0.0001711448,0.0001611808,0.007255791,0.00142124,0.0008142632,0.0250902,0.1226833,0.1907441],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001094288,0.00002258358,0.8845103,0.0001690541,0.00002620818,0.00006980188,0.002764973,0.0008153783,0.0002224294,0.0009367148,0.1104109,0.00004065354],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4510945,0.004152578,0.02494977,0.005891859,0.0008917414,0.003108762,0.26702,0.0006009515,0.2422899],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7829289,0.005744934,0.05871744,0.001010939,0.0001380955,0.003438399,0.11448,0.0001960521,0.03334515],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03380895,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1444866,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2966917524","doi":"10.1093/esr/jcz010","title":"Signals, Educational Decision-Making, and Inequality","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"European Sociological Review","topic":"Intergenerational and Educational Inequality Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":64,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"H2020 European Research Council; Strategic Research Council; Rockwool Fonden","keywords":"Inequality; Sociology; Mathematical economics; Mathematics; Positive economics; Econometrics; Demographic economics; Economics; Mathematical analysis","authors":[{"name":"Anders Holm","is_ca":true},{"name":"Anders Hjorth‐Trolle","is_ca":false},{"name":"Mads Meier Jæger","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.09108857650730333,"gpt":0.428039750324109,"spread":0.3369511738168056,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003751008,0.0003604588,0.0004973492,0.0009985494,0.0003595544,0.002241032,0.0006965768,0.001653829,0.004230903],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01041197,0.0002290049,0.0004690407,0.000926866,0.002473104,0.001744303,0.0007972422,0.0009386444,0.0002294231],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001641295,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005639741,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002870184,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001311053,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9972619,0.001843034,0.00006983914,0.0002471902,0.0002947199,0.0002833953],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9906802,0.007195531,0.001216567,0.0002974536,0.0003456781,0.0002647077],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003335736,0.0002527399,0.03039292,0.0002155153,0.0002251267,0.0003017495,0.0007256942,0.08798965,0.0007640613,0.8399192,0.001453592,0.0374262],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001094004,0.0001899695,0.02519998,0.0001243014,0.00008539274,0.0001248655,0.0005475914,0.1467024,0.000354219,0.8227491,0.003751239,0.00006165114],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.800063,0.004746128,0.1302625,0.01571184,0.0001809049,0.0001112486,0.0005958708,0.00007275434,0.04825569],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9964268,0.000497652,0.002106893,0.0001167248,0.00002410001,0.00001494891,0.00003967656,0.000001718977,0.0007714422],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.004230903,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0198375,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2748293833","doi":"10.1080/10361146.2017.1364342","title":"Class, capital, and identity in Australian society","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Australian Journal of Political Science","topic":"Intergenerational and Educational Inequality Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":62,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Social class; Quarter (Canadian coin); Demographic economics; Unemployment; Middle class; Social capital; Latent class model; Identity (music); Cultural capital; Political science; Geography; Economic growth; Sociology; Social science; Economics","authors":[{"name":"Jill Sheppard","is_ca":false},{"name":"Nicholas Biddle","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1164764116509196,"gpt":0.4602847966446788,"spread":0.3438083849937592,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001304448,0.0001010384,0.0001975183,0.001669932,0.002998909,0.002534208,0.0003257074,0.0003256062,0.003745237],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003929555,0.0001129617,0.0001087067,0.001735154,0.003052855,0.00142847,0.003549042,0.0005961503,0.0002029283],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002298963,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001159786,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.06741336,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.1029943,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998843,0.0003971196,0.00004459218,0.0000839552,0.0004057708,0.0002256631],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998518,0.0002535665,0.0004577813,0.00009925726,0.0001728998,0.0004984062],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008522955,0.0001921328,0.6330662,0.00009638607,0.00004118402,0.0005569221,0.2570919,0.0002281202,0.0005668653,0.03601635,0.002741023,0.06931771],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000002576503,0.00004802296,0.9473891,0.00006457551,0.000009381441,0.0001136819,0.0377985,0.0002473631,0.00004520125,0.004756181,0.009512121,0.00001331596],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9805169,0.0003123186,0.00009347682,0.001021552,0.000015701,0.000009020645,0.00003588358,0.000001572307,0.0179936],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989039,0.0001490692,0.00004180467,0.00004405371,0.000005982155,0.000003359258,0.00001204902,8.962726e-7,0.0008389641],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.06741336,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.134042,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}