{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":789,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":1,"predictions_cover":789,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12"},"query_hash":"9c9e381979e9","filters":{"topic":"Laser Material Processing Techniques"}},"results":[{"id":"W2060003211","doi":"10.1364/opex.13.004708","title":"Heat accumulation effects in femtosecond laser-written waveguides with variable repetition rate","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Express","topic":"Laser Material Processing Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":787,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Femtosecond; Materials science; Optics; Borosilicate glass; Laser; Waveguide; Repetition (rhetorical device); Thermal; Optoelectronics; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0104872491164901,"gpt":0.2328031887317417,"spread":0.2223159396152516,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001800229,0.0001524562,0.0001569163,0.00008351177,0.00003638431,0.0001198887,0.0001124947,0.00009675073,0.00003725892],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000270295,0.000144181,0.00001233377,0.0001263228,0.00001934769,0.0004705546,0.00002911759,0.0001076535,0.00001424205],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008842592,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001183026,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002293121,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001863707,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999285,0.00002991249,0.0001961632,0.000174781,0.00009591285,0.0002182515],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999606,0.00005801241,0.00001667708,0.0002368057,0.00003967324,0.00004285886],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000067052,0.0000665433,0.0002148679,0.0006961472,0.00002842463,0.00002333539,0.0003107833,0.3922949,0.6029361,0.001014956,0.001013494,0.001333425],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005554362,0.00005060408,0.0003722447,0.0003815115,0.00001561686,0.000005966235,0.000007435098,0.2052787,0.7898269,0.001312903,0.001921893,0.000270723],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9551836,0.00005113929,0.03494783,0.00005805194,0.0001505366,0.0003003351,0.000008634197,0.0007697493,0.008530118],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9191154,0.0000186927,0.08042757,0.00005126851,0.0001210894,0.00006085181,0.00003234804,0.00004753369,0.0001252731],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1870161,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5879533,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2082886631","doi":"10.1063/1.1586457","title":"Subwavelength ripple formation on the surfaces of compound semiconductors irradiated with femtosecond laser pulses","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Physics Letters","topic":"Laser Material Processing Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":640,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McMaster University; Brockhouse Institute for Materials Research","funders":"","keywords":"Femtosecond; Laser; Materials science; Ripple; Wavelength; Irradiation; Optics; Semiconductor; Optoelectronics; Band gap; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01246091821672154,"gpt":0.1848567525404819,"spread":0.1723958343237603,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009684833,0.000180782,0.0001701142,0.0000288529,0.00006567965,0.00005082949,0.0001469239,0.00003766803,0.00002308453],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00000304966,0.0001286325,0.00002304753,0.0001731339,0.00007947852,0.0001624363,0.000009009404,0.000129677,0.00001229505],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004156327,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008947984,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001194255,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003681578,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999348,0.00002237416,0.0001689974,0.0001225498,0.0001491885,0.0001888643],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995624,0.00007514633,0.00007594394,0.0002407481,0.00002008385,0.00002562431],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001614123,0.00002407674,0.00004592311,0.0001050746,0.00004760266,7.078232e-7,0.0004074253,0.01886994,0.9724825,0.003846071,0.004028002,0.0001265363],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002038267,0.0000172801,0.00009725563,0.00002685432,0.00001504691,0.000001229434,0.00006593629,0.000449183,0.997519,0.0007671741,0.0006544085,0.0001828416],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9959036,0.000005903581,0.0006139618,0.00006800646,0.00006217261,0.0002342254,0.00001890926,0.0002433617,0.002849852],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989035,0.000003870511,0.000566421,0.0003828403,0.00002774647,0.00003373012,0.00003447887,0.00004342876,0.000004026835],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02503646,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5245482,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2046346273","doi":"10.3390/mi5041219","title":"Fabrication of Micro/Nano Structures on Metals by Femtosecond Laser Micromachining","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Micromachines","topic":"Laser Material Processing Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":453,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Fonds de recherche du Québec – Nature et technologies; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Surface micromachining; Fabrication; Femtosecond; Laser; Materials science; Laser ablation; Laser beam machining; Fluence; Optics; Nano-; Optoelectronics; Nanotechnology; Laser beams; Composite material; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.00532969741579249,"gpt":0.2158605557052801,"spread":0.2105308582894876,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000186362,0.0002714654,0.0003347317,0.0001325785,0.00006652948,0.00006689499,0.0003204074,0.0001152768,0.00008771178],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005338936,0.0002382187,0.0000698194,0.0001285962,0.00005966386,0.0001355067,0.0000460816,0.0001268573,0.0000229468],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002970217,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006658402,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005538308,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005414756,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989881,0.00005914562,0.0003589649,0.0002488956,0.0001147595,0.0002301505],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993812,0.00006302755,0.0001094027,0.0003480853,0.00004804939,0.00005017361],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001167674,0.00002035837,0.0002481111,0.0001464166,0.00003470658,2.878995e-7,0.0001029937,0.000164043,0.981441,0.00008149056,0.01418175,0.003567222],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002332955,0.00005578538,0.0010006,0.00004674058,0.00002301139,0.000005482093,0.000004290323,0.0005879207,0.9862857,0.001760432,0.009743829,0.0002528497],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9936438,0.0003955301,0.003214248,0.00005213689,0.0003011658,0.000137698,0.0001023724,0.0005966648,0.0015564],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9928258,0.00001168848,0.006590697,0.0001250518,0.0001052368,0.00001289322,0.0001010126,0.00007325224,0.0001543779],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.004844815,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9714277,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2105930615","doi":"10.1364/oe.16.009443","title":"Transition from thermal diffusion to heat accumulation in high repetition rate femtosecond laser writing of buried optical waveguides","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Express","topic":"Laser Material Processing Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":358,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Materials science; Laser; Femtosecond; Optics; Waveguide; Thermal diffusivity; Diffusion; Borosilicate glass; Thermal; Laser power scaling; Optoelectronics; Composite material; Physics; Thermodynamics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02004204501428788,"gpt":0.2413810028284027,"spread":0.2213389578141148,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001395748,0.0001381148,0.000200269,0.00009377053,0.0000504026,0.00003146202,0.00009829501,0.0001303843,0.00005749498],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003131604,0.0001464314,0.00002751038,0.0001011915,0.00003237353,0.0002420442,0.00002976092,0.0001035621,0.000004121796],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005037205,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007469775,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001564976,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000810883,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991078,0.00003910189,0.0003693665,0.0001793458,0.0001345348,0.0001698688],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996089,0.0000693373,0.00002729147,0.0001883077,0.00005618181,0.00005002969],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006480785,0.00003445821,0.00009301835,0.00006659974,0.000005141371,0.00001310052,0.000719165,0.06032392,0.938151,0.00008315334,0.0000298834,0.000415751],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004921048,0.00003814277,0.007044938,0.0002467749,0.000008772814,0.000002071673,0.00003434644,0.05526227,0.9361452,0.0005319553,0.00001651026,0.0001769513],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9752691,0.00001323017,0.02358891,0.00006127604,0.00009584129,0.0001800959,0.00003485025,0.0002365063,0.0005202147],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9729124,0.00001525275,0.02674243,0.00002549739,0.0001349105,0.00002534916,0.00009982969,0.00003653982,0.000007832197],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.00695192,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5971299,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2112091377","doi":"10.1002/lpor.200710031","title":"Applications of femtosecond laser induced self‐organized planar nanocracks inside fused silica glass","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Laser & Photonics Review","topic":"Laser Material Processing Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":330,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Steacie Institute for Molecular Sciences; Institute for Microstructural Sciences","funders":"","keywords":"Femtosecond; Materials science; Planar; Birefringence; Laser; Photonics; Optics; Diffraction; Optoelectronics; Silica glass; Nanofluidics; Nanotechnology; Composite material; Computer science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01426204650276726,"gpt":0.2394728751659942,"spread":0.2252108286632269,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002562981,0.000350132,0.000776707,0.00009796915,0.0001083139,0.00002515554,0.0005103708,0.0001867254,0.000292673],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005172318,0.0003355541,0.0001330646,0.0006424275,0.00005486604,0.0002053865,0.00007407439,0.0002813702,0.0001648842],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001107063,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001351434,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002693155,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002257185,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981964,0.0000643611,0.0007759663,0.0003465538,0.0002708234,0.0003458798],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985557,0.00007161368,0.000197381,0.0008711474,0.0001626482,0.0001415117],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007376368,0.0009629239,0.0003774263,0.04844917,0.0007658721,0.0001337849,0.001226916,0.000083256,0.861524,0.0006490005,0.07165563,0.01409827],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005006803,0.00004873911,0.00005509626,0.001238696,0.0001331576,0.00005764593,0.000005284152,0.0003792671,0.7205768,0.0003612794,0.2761487,0.0004945985],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.947499,0.03213486,0.0006109638,0.0003627577,0.000378611,0.004230558,0.0002862251,0.004542736,0.009954295],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9199901,0.06569289,0.01182993,0.001161192,0.00006458332,0.0007459883,0.0001693742,0.0002005938,0.0001453294],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2044931,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999096,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2010250267","doi":"10.1103/physrevb.73.134108","title":"Thermodynamic pathways to melting, ablation, and solidification in absorbing solids under pulsed laser irradiation","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical Review B","topic":"Laser Material Processing Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":330,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal; Polytechnique Montréal; Regroupement Québécois sur les Matériaux de Pointe","funders":"","keywords":"Materials science; Irradiation; Superheating; Isochoric process; Thermodynamics; Condensed matter physics; Atomic physics; Physics; Nuclear physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01128828253572362,"gpt":0.2520586088340716,"spread":0.2407703262983479,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001416313,0.0001135509,0.0001837348,0.0000417913,0.00002669172,0.00004459525,0.00006672903,0.00002623674,0.000005688138],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000259329,0.0001061969,0.00002238025,0.000183842,0.00001020763,0.0001573123,0.00001602601,0.00006630766,0.00001980812],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007671826,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007504512,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003815734,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001144618,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993769,0.0000268974,0.0002094579,0.0001494992,0.00009435565,0.0001429012],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999749,0.00002612053,0.00003576128,0.0001341047,0.00002421905,0.00003080738],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001252329,0.0002293527,0.0005153611,0.007176773,0.00002328601,0.000003292034,0.0006397028,0.03421014,0.8745791,0.01993002,0.002085382,0.06059503],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004693292,0.00006202752,0.06985664,0.003922383,0.0000754263,0.000003056188,0.00001275115,0.701721,0.04956289,0.1712095,0.002121604,0.0009833765],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9866061,0.002352786,0.00770042,0.0003362532,0.00005271526,0.0004878849,0.000005084927,0.0004867982,0.001971939],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985508,0.0006418294,0.0004226673,0.000156608,0.00009495892,0.00007691542,0.00002501453,0.00002724069,0.000004005993],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8250163,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4330585,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1998415991","doi":"10.1103/physrevlett.91.225502","title":"Short-Pulse Laser Ablation of Solids: From Phase Explosion to Fragmentation","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical Review Letters","topic":"Laser Material Processing Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":320,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal; Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Materials science; Laser; Isochoric process; Picosecond; Atomic physics; Femtosecond; Adiabatic process; Laser ablation; Ablation; Coulomb explosion; Molecular physics; Optics; Physics; Thermodynamics; Ion","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02218090775745602,"gpt":0.3093050268169271,"spread":0.2871241190594711,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000767783,0.0001219013,0.0002360398,0.00002900768,0.00001629315,0.00001490192,0.00008198339,0.00001008591,0.00004914349],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003681012,0.0001122429,0.00005473125,0.0001421708,0.0000121913,0.0001914614,0.00001156316,0.00005666874,0.00004169146],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004556985,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000003102717,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000006075287,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.147457e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993232,0.00004229527,0.0002240664,0.0001374591,0.0001551664,0.0001177538],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996859,0.0000296062,0.00003006189,0.0001795171,0.00002181968,0.00005304481],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005711098,0.00007312586,0.00001744144,0.0006762964,0.00001333213,0.000001296896,0.0001320362,0.001116907,0.9837024,0.00003814052,0.005419895,0.008803402],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001958905,0.00003985805,0.0001074535,0.001646838,0.00006786895,2.678648e-7,0.000003994488,0.002081868,0.9915532,0.0005816978,0.003504432,0.0002166611],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9781162,0.000473414,0.02035701,0.0003291118,0.00009710687,0.0002991775,0.0000185066,0.0002012416,0.0001082631],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9944642,0.0004635488,0.002933427,0.001920907,0.00007229176,0.00006792897,0.00005046879,0.00002643267,7.588804e-7],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01742359,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4577133,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2073821509","doi":"10.1103/physrevb.67.184102","title":"Molecular-dynamics study of ablation of solids under femtosecond laser pulses","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical review. B, Condensed matter","topic":"Laser Material Processing Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":320,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Fluence; Femtosecond; Materials science; Spallation; Laser; Ablation; Plasma; Atomic physics; Laser ablation; Relaxation (psychology); Vaporization; Molecular dynamics; Molecular physics; Optics; Physics; Thermodynamics; Neutron; Nuclear physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0110079491214817,"gpt":0.2817836271315573,"spread":0.2707756780100756,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001299737,0.0001796756,0.0004604148,0.000046601,0.00001476706,0.00001564546,0.0001378879,0.0000379289,0.0002246589],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002873681,0.0001647458,0.00008050045,0.0001605446,0.00004249032,0.0001174549,0.00002889872,0.0001065867,0.0000413906],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004626757,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001864659,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000007977854,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004569322,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990027,0.00008482604,0.0003832163,0.0001673498,0.0001973324,0.0001645711],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993719,0.00004891878,0.0001051587,0.0003430294,0.0000916869,0.00003933613],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004328736,0.002074983,0.002577935,0.01870328,0.0005721211,0.0000252049,0.0009349082,0.005157208,0.9511678,0.009521697,0.007165074,0.002056463],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007455492,0.0002138115,0.001615636,0.001030901,0.0002967404,0.000006253541,0.00006873791,0.003383667,0.9605479,0.03123982,0.0003220994,0.00052895],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9927036,0.0003804679,0.003309391,0.00005780891,0.00006559176,0.0004079037,0.00001071742,0.0001006237,0.00296393],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991888,0.00005953216,0.0002336967,0.0003786543,0.00001468703,0.00003765571,0.000009312454,0.00004673674,0.00003089404],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02171812,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6718138,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2050009887","doi":"10.1007/s00339-006-3590-4","title":"Fabrication of microchannels in glass using focused femtosecond laser radiation and selective chemical etching","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Physics A","topic":"Laser Material Processing Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":317,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa; Steacie Institute for Molecular Sciences; Institute for Microstructural Sciences","funders":"","keywords":"Femtosecond; Isotropic etching; Materials science; Borosilicate glass; Etching (microfabrication); Nanoporous; Fabrication; Dielectric; Scanning electron microscope; Laser; Irradiation; Nanotechnology; Optoelectronics; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Optics; Composite material; Chemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.006541305782380837,"gpt":0.2029053669859565,"spread":0.1963640612035757,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00004866895,0.00008716805,0.0001253196,0.00003763544,0.0000145191,0.00001995043,0.00004377464,0.00005261338,7.176326e-7],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000002076514,0.0001004554,0.00001055234,0.0001566361,0.00001716502,0.0000914943,0.0000162156,0.0000668799,5.901907e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006329485,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008685691,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007704594,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002649226,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995859,0.000005149351,0.0001434828,0.0001113541,0.00005143927,0.0001026683],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998367,0.00001868489,0.00004705617,0.00006737338,0.00001898594,0.00001124422],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006546305,0.00001637341,0.00008687501,0.00007245185,0.000005029202,1.023486e-7,0.0002028944,0.004977537,0.990959,0.0006583599,0.00002539527,0.002989446],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002181685,0.000002873677,0.000391697,0.00001991291,0.000006350735,2.716492e-7,0.000005905939,0.02946432,0.9465079,0.02327833,0.000006972589,0.0000972854],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9758407,0.00002642179,0.02340033,0.000002514391,0.00001891872,0.0001289501,0.000004002147,0.0001014781,0.0004766637],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9955005,0.00000193874,0.004351406,0.000006228395,0.00008495498,0.00001696223,0.0000146299,0.00002266243,7.092371e-7],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.04445107,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4096453,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1964657086","doi":"10.1364/ol.30.001867","title":"Polarization-selective etching in femtosecond laser-assisted microfluidic channel fabrication in fused silica","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Letters","topic":"Laser Material Processing Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":295,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Materials science; Hydrofluoric acid; Femtosecond; Laser; Optics; Polarization (electrochemistry); Etching (microfabrication); Optoelectronics; Fabrication; Isotropic etching; Nanotechnology; Chemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008103134280227702,"gpt":0.2120070110791356,"spread":0.2039038767989079,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001430449,0.0001517476,0.0001574119,0.0002803873,0.0000330016,0.00007418032,0.000152828,0.00009690852,0.000009246914],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000390435,0.0001802471,0.00002079529,0.0003948597,0.0000208693,0.0002935822,0.0000240485,0.0002053447,0.00001553664],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002955856,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001482347,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005596994,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006170801,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991438,0.00003226682,0.0002821014,0.0001912641,0.00009243427,0.0002581205],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997049,0.00003240645,0.00004194209,0.0001607164,0.00002503264,0.00003500603],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000886722,0.00003723323,0.0007947835,0.00005028076,0.000007811088,0.000004426068,0.000658719,0.00537463,0.9908258,0.00002087431,0.0008767357,0.001339863],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008119738,0.00002185339,0.02194782,0.00014511,0.00001089325,0.000005578248,0.00004109604,0.05670272,0.9190758,0.000201094,0.0005485535,0.000487471],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9882411,0.00008869448,0.009385301,0.001167863,0.0001099642,0.0002038919,0.000006249657,0.0003680194,0.0004289426],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9932387,0.00003176042,0.005852572,0.0006604858,0.00008640216,0.00003537779,0.00003580552,0.00004600171,0.0000129053],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.07174994,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7350265,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2020368387","doi":"10.1103/physrevb.84.094104","title":"Damage and ablation thresholds of fused-silica in femtosecond regime","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical Review B","topic":"Laser Material Processing Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":289,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche","keywords":"Materials science; Femtosecond; Ablation; Fluence; Pulse duration; Ionization; Laser; Irradiation; Electron; Thermal; Atomic physics; Optics; Ion; Chemistry; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02356674114685895,"gpt":0.2586348252220925,"spread":0.2350680840752335,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009159325,0.00007358986,0.0002118819,0.00001982368,0.00000562887,0.000004858947,0.00007436753,0.00001850716,0.00003233879],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002006049,0.00006350943,0.00002075431,0.00009513739,0.00002859197,0.0001280237,0.00002516802,0.00005797084,0.000007263365],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000008816536,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000003622784,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001279507,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003302989,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996235,0.00001384684,0.0001466655,0.00008506268,0.00005151608,0.00007934862],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997745,0.00001395982,0.0000283669,0.0001471201,0.00001244003,0.00002362484],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006014099,0.0006649152,0.006126482,0.06062161,0.0000899189,0.00002394783,0.003662294,0.00003381634,0.7168198,0.05957493,0.008182617,0.1441396],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007568183,0.0002786698,0.07207937,0.01318851,0.0001508907,0.000007687343,0.00001372087,0.01021296,0.7088127,0.1842278,0.009207063,0.001063898],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9838132,0.005084287,0.0001152673,0.00003597625,0.00002571138,0.0002053533,0.000003431528,0.0001683317,0.01054845],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9966772,0.002625493,0.0005930944,0.00004725096,0.00002001805,0.00001630237,0.000002169356,0.00001317409,0.000005305118],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1430757,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2589839,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2010830049","doi":"10.1063/1.1991991","title":"Pulse duration dependence of femtosecond-laser-fabricated nanogratings in fused silica","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Physics Letters","topic":"Laser Material Processing Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":265,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Steacie Institute for Molecular Sciences; Institute for Microstructural Sciences","funders":"","keywords":"Femtosecond; Materials science; Pulse duration; Optics; Laser; Etching (microfabrication); Scanning electron microscope; Microscopy; Pulse (music); Femtosecond pulse shaping; Isotropic etching; Optoelectronics; Resolution (logic); Nanotechnology; Composite material","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.007569636100838741,"gpt":0.2030584390096353,"spread":0.1954888029087965,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008941825,0.0001618352,0.0001934456,0.00006052861,0.00002519196,0.00003414838,0.0001937699,0.0000603365,0.00001831712],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00000462888,0.0001775167,0.0000282182,0.0002863427,0.0000427254,0.0002213247,0.00002766465,0.0001344117,0.00002528054],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006658008,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000952004,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002512352,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000152307,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991251,0.00001066451,0.000330411,0.0001803587,0.0001422736,0.0002112031],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996201,0.00002678182,0.00008376589,0.0002221929,0.00001675833,0.00003039038],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001041525,0.00002657762,0.00007753251,0.00007482609,0.000008113269,8.286203e-7,0.0002991746,0.008966672,0.9829217,0.0002179188,0.0005461485,0.006850139],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002574284,0.000006697835,0.0003661417,0.00002779553,0.000006677225,5.438616e-7,0.00001165745,0.004008583,0.9947485,0.0002614319,0.0001159874,0.00018856],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9920043,0.000006967994,0.006097378,0.0001687075,0.00003751218,0.0002057288,0.000005856016,0.0004187322,0.001054858],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.994214,0.000003842809,0.0051665,0.000391217,0.00008635939,0.00006841237,0.00002841271,0.00003853006,0.000002741939],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01182684,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.723892,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1995164747","doi":"10.1103/physrevlett.89.255504","title":"Ablation of Solids under Femtosecond Laser Pulses","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical Review Letters","topic":"Laser Material Processing Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":244,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Metastability; Femtosecond; Ablation; Nucleation; Materials science; Vaporization; Filamentation; Laser; Laser ablation; Instability; Optics; Atomic physics; Physics; Mechanics; Thermodynamics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02068820686841342,"gpt":0.2590350927861169,"spread":0.2383468859177035,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00004816847,0.0001094575,0.0002364079,0.00002178976,0.00001398723,0.00001372505,0.0001070466,0.000009295669,0.0001809912],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001296512,0.00009547872,0.00006482483,0.0001128102,0.00003385905,0.0001551814,0.00001642909,0.00007027964,0.00009226402],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002568516,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000001215883,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000002193201,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.586582e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994693,0.00001885566,0.0001746627,0.00009781472,0.000110507,0.0001288877],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99972,0.0000280916,0.00003692784,0.0001697733,0.0000150972,0.00003013287],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003522653,0.000151372,0.00006529007,0.01252355,0.00009709109,0.000005318465,0.0002072653,0.004980709,0.8301858,0.0005866708,0.1314611,0.01973238],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006017954,0.000115327,0.001437745,0.007788946,0.0003370011,0.00001006579,0.000006163496,0.07069357,0.8628834,0.006303743,0.04837938,0.001442825],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9804902,0.006959501,0.004308442,0.003330286,0.0002014463,0.0003830924,0.0000134237,0.0007981034,0.003515481],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9950024,0.001658037,0.0003708472,0.002807278,0.0001031899,0.00001942839,0.000004935777,0.00002470159,0.000009173905],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.08308168,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.389351,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2518847947","doi":"10.1038/ncomms16095","title":"Laser-induced plasmonic colours on metals","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nature Communications","topic":"Laser Material Processing Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":232,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada; University of Ottawa","funders":"Canada Research Chairs; University of Ottawa","keywords":"Plasmon; Materials science; Laser; Fluence; Nanoparticle; Nanomaterials; Optics; Optoelectronics; Nanotechnology; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03620855352217262,"gpt":0.321541700391105,"spread":0.2853331468689324,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001465706,0.0001207822,0.0001337289,0.00005687791,0.0005362445,0.0002011764,0.00206966,0.0002606456,0.00001468221],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001599175,0.0001157232,0.00004067866,0.00005008077,0.00007404282,0.0001954131,0.0002593315,0.0006808626,0.00007695457],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006225216,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001929667,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001162599,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001338234,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994936,0.0000320766,0.0001273258,0.0001028888,0.0001005751,0.0001435645],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9967179,0.00008270593,0.00006462501,0.003036381,0.00005345046,0.0000449397],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009561452,0.001072439,0.002128846,0.0003528396,0.001044388,0.00003336496,0.001178936,0.0007896951,0.403965,0.1503444,0.2957993,0.1431951],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006330099,0.0001075573,0.009549166,0.0002404889,0.00009782807,0.000009774211,0.00002815011,0.02277669,0.7901032,0.005591622,0.1700707,0.0007918735],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8622144,0.0009897035,0.0001040912,0.006824036,0.001251443,0.0005211054,0.00009639216,0.003307004,0.1246918],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9924718,0.0001830414,0.006975859,0.0001358013,0.00003291752,0.00006071251,0.00002686212,0.00003441028,0.00007856241],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3861382,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4719054,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2023389897","doi":"10.1364/ol.29.000748","title":"Direct femtosecond laser writing of waveguides in As_2S_3 thin films","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Letters","topic":"Laser Material Processing Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":180,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Femtosecond; Materials science; Optics; Refractive index; Laser; Photodarkening; Sapphire; Chalcogenide; Chalcogenide glass; Thin film; Interferometry; Raman spectroscopy; Optoelectronics; Band gap; Spectroscopy; Wavelength; Fiber laser","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.007934235997132244,"gpt":0.2096523364709468,"spread":0.2017181004738145,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001675987,0.0001263716,0.0001808066,0.00009982422,0.00001830058,0.00004289555,0.0001497741,0.0000625068,0.00002433087],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003129721,0.0001326036,0.00003147847,0.0001250539,0.00004200264,0.0001536394,0.00003400112,0.0001128475,0.000008013924],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005676482,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009787546,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004146403,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001285489,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999274,0.00001010734,0.0002807419,0.0001211696,0.000103985,0.0002099848],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997169,0.00002981982,0.0000367243,0.0001721027,0.00001549134,0.00002890965],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006441524,0.00002560796,0.0002684944,0.0003451359,0.00002099591,0.00004801073,0.0005532093,0.117862,0.8790908,0.0003335263,0.001134395,0.0003114215],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003004952,0.00001586268,0.0003223182,0.0002580727,0.00000713967,0.000003999193,0.00003782584,0.003316472,0.9948881,0.000512882,0.0001223907,0.0002144185],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9912754,0.00003872552,0.00128006,0.0002578434,0.0001455378,0.00008324612,0.000009840224,0.0003430979,0.006566306],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9523882,0.00001381006,0.04721398,0.0002805441,0.00003959038,0.000008634257,0.00000634467,0.00003819601,0.00001069523],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1157974,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.540742,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1977942845","doi":"10.1088/0960-1317/16/5/029","title":"A femtosecond laser-induced periodical surface structure on crystalline silicon","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering","topic":"Laser Material Processing Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":172,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Femtosecond; Laser; Materials science; Ripple; Fluence; Optics; Silicon; Irradiation; Surface micromachining; Microelectronics; Optoelectronics; Fabrication; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.003827210056402552,"gpt":0.1754008302855866,"spread":0.171573620229184,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001442576,0.0002491963,0.0003407099,0.0001452421,0.00005977477,0.0001790411,0.0001699182,0.000146766,0.00003005179],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000108984,0.000228344,0.0000707895,0.0001081494,0.0000149678,0.000146734,0.00003513572,0.0003659254,0.000001388988],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000824028,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002433981,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000006085597,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004849315,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990115,0.00001045434,0.0004432217,0.0001325581,0.0001338583,0.0002683768],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999588,0.0000217271,0.0001025457,0.0001269173,0.00006797098,0.00009289358],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001776575,0.00001673823,0.000003815997,0.0001326605,0.00002458902,0.00004020592,0.00004838007,0.008452461,0.9899022,0.00008725501,0.0004805661,0.0007933859],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000536275,0.0001813284,0.0000365607,0.0002089273,0.00002581857,0.0004171215,0.00002003938,0.01489053,0.9791546,0.0005883155,0.003664058,0.0002763899],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.99513,0.0005594462,0.00361823,0.00005097593,0.0003576354,0.00007437123,0.00003771847,0.0001483315,0.00002326357],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9948906,0.00008429091,0.004691988,0.00002838362,0.0002146096,5.333686e-7,0.000005749841,0.00006520042,0.00001863254],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01074754,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.93116,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2469933419","doi":"10.1016/j.msec.2016.06.072","title":"The effects of femtosecond laser-textured Ti-6Al-4V on wettability and cell response","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Materials Science and Engineering C","topic":"Laser Material Processing Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":161,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche","keywords":"Femtosecond; Wetting; Materials science; Laser; Optoelectronics; Composite material; Optics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.002817989958574275,"gpt":0.1826694344382446,"spread":0.1798514444796703,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010578,0.0001400225,0.0001577187,0.00007414381,0.0001036482,0.0001420496,0.0001962217,0.00005065457,0.000007070664],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004350467,0.00008120925,0.000009711082,0.0001216371,0.000248004,0.0001999349,0.00007508878,0.00003465931,0.000003620278],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004155406,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002092367,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000004381662,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":5.078488e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991876,0.00002451254,0.0001758104,0.0001906489,0.000165334,0.0002561315],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993049,0.0003094475,0.00002833371,0.000249356,0.00003814603,0.00006985392],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004761631,0.00000441517,0.000009900034,0.0002858971,0.000001883859,0.000001255544,0.00007877416,0.00001812372,0.9984423,0.00004853327,0.00008458208,0.0009767552],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001709388,0.00009527242,0.005149136,0.0001352076,0.000003822991,0.000002652049,0.000003542584,0.0001214796,0.9934483,0.0001571285,0.0005937666,0.0001188088],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.998649,0.0001031248,0.0001754515,0.00007302278,0.0005697328,0.0001394842,0.00001160871,0.00023252,0.00004606754],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994802,0.00008128268,0.0003225281,0.00001132257,0.0000327536,0.00002003372,1.886223e-7,0.00001792456,0.00003374905],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.005139236,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3311617,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2033699894","doi":"10.1364/ol.30.000964","title":"Inscription of optical waveguides in crystalline silicon by mid-infrared femtosecond laser pulses","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Letters","topic":"Laser Material Processing Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":158,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Optics; Materials science; Laser; Femtosecond; Ultrashort pulse; Optoelectronics; Infrared; Wavelength; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.007316117648293256,"gpt":0.2082214351362473,"spread":0.2009053174879541,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001224032,0.000159954,0.0002043159,0.0001091818,0.00001787691,0.00004776619,0.0001555726,0.000108493,0.0000697128],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003561131,0.0001691693,0.00003375741,0.0001118887,0.00006653141,0.0002412705,0.00003211351,0.0001385275,0.000007813202],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009421077,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006998034,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001380438,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001198644,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991019,0.00001459762,0.0003713892,0.0001492381,0.0001314394,0.0002314474],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996714,0.00002820021,0.00003996506,0.0001863385,0.00002624461,0.00004785657],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001331751,0.00003857066,0.0001109909,0.0001299815,0.00001111597,0.000004351659,0.0001055016,0.008923623,0.9828344,0.00004084952,0.006335353,0.001451974],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000363472,0.00002937225,0.0002580389,0.00008204261,0.00001089709,0.000003038615,0.00001788284,0.02028977,0.9743897,0.0001214944,0.004206056,0.0002282607],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9936225,0.00008679918,0.003422238,0.0006232081,0.0000758434,0.0001115075,0.00001963699,0.0002708958,0.001767328],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9782984,0.00003887065,0.02107327,0.0003426344,0.00008498424,0.00001376786,0.00003814423,0.0000421862,0.00006772652],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01765103,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6898524,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1982279660","doi":"10.1063/1.1876578","title":"Femtosecond laser-induced refractive index modification in multicomponent glasses","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Physics","topic":"Laser Material Processing Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":154,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Institute for Microstructural Sciences; University of Ottawa; Steacie Institute for Molecular Sciences","funders":"Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München","keywords":"Femtosecond; Materials science; Refractive index; Borosilicate glass; Laser; Crystallization; Aluminium; Optics; Silicate; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Optoelectronics; Composite material; Chemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0198800602543732,"gpt":0.256559771109751,"spread":0.2366797108553778,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001315361,0.0001239592,0.0002127571,0.00008080347,0.00001993516,0.00004402741,0.0001553163,0.00006945516,0.000007318446],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00000513396,0.0001174742,0.00003458529,0.0001235021,0.00001275087,0.0003223342,0.00001714144,0.0002790791,0.00001098556],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002044299,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002746214,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00000381399,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003716123,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992527,0.000009255418,0.0003572411,0.00007973728,0.0001648374,0.0001362414],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995666,0.00003185714,0.0001806677,0.0001222891,0.00005333983,0.00004524292],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009405964,0.0001446074,0.00003959948,0.00005031528,0.00002999731,0.000003187645,0.000602915,0.1357764,0.8307301,0.0002468959,0.0001705884,0.03211137],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005734927,0.00002424088,0.00107004,0.00004803216,0.0000115815,0.000003511442,0.000066924,0.07199235,0.9210332,0.004323053,0.0006962152,0.0001573644],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9946258,0.00001029046,0.003344864,0.00002762045,0.0001014413,0.00009309674,0.000002601499,0.00007976921,0.001714507],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.994778,0.00001703402,0.004759231,0.00003286775,0.0003704143,0.000008054214,0.000002710653,0.00002920308,0.000002518757],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.09030309,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.479046,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2235168790","doi":"10.1126/sciadv.1400111","title":"Laser-assisted guiding of electric discharges around objects","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Science Advances","topic":"Laser Material Processing Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":146,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"Air Force Office of Scientific Research; Seventh Framework Programme; Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","keywords":"Laser; Computer science; Optics; Materials science; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02910949260140471,"gpt":0.2782727935732929,"spread":0.2491633009718882,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003879815,0.00009570033,0.0001295413,0.0001577547,0.00006823389,0.00007099449,0.0003824297,0.00002284574,0.000003236519],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001540616,0.00008021478,0.00001584866,0.0009496878,0.0001779149,0.001225479,0.00004397998,0.00003513836,0.000007974975],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007780525,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009253985,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000007502334,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003939127,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990891,0.000008528786,0.000163227,0.0001660372,0.000311755,0.0002613042],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999572,0.0000177382,0.00004964517,0.0001706939,0.0001059874,0.00008394882],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004242655,0.00001436294,0.0006654959,0.00006314485,0.000002559817,0.00000185318,0.000228266,0.0009990857,0.9823693,0.0001464946,0.0001459453,0.01535925],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00007233629,0.00004754311,0.0002199344,0.00004604881,0.000003301776,0.000004266728,0.0001375246,0.002110526,0.992918,0.003690602,0.000632891,0.0001170306],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9892097,0.001165017,0.002309239,0.00002421996,0.0005161896,0.00008113355,0.000002357644,0.0005830717,0.006109063],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9892784,0.00003247593,0.01058085,0.000009587323,0.0000442261,0.000008602541,6.852894e-7,0.00001097136,0.00003425236],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01524222,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3271064,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2128683755","doi":"10.1016/j.biomaterials.2011.11.062","title":"Off-resonance plasmonic enhanced femtosecond laser optoporation and transfection of cancer cells","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biomaterials","topic":"Laser Material Processing Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":134,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Royal Victoria Hospital; Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Fonds Québécois de la Recherche sur la Nature et les Technologies; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","keywords":"Transfection; Materials science; Laser; Perforation; Femtosecond; Surface plasmon resonance; Plasmon; Cancer cell; Nanoparticle; Optoelectronics; Nanotechnology; Cancer; Optics; Cell culture; Medicine; Biology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01479593618117077,"gpt":0.2226351577575175,"spread":0.2078392215763468,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001059755,0.0001239181,0.0001907577,0.00005274221,0.00002396947,0.00002739269,0.00006811702,0.00009694642,0.0002415863],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000002548491,0.0001177189,0.00001739301,0.00005585211,0.0000443974,0.0002026456,0.00001165202,0.00000722862,0.000005215419],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002236577,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001130207,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001126005,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000323156,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994024,0.00002112569,0.000256933,0.0001342124,0.00005997705,0.0001253405],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997731,0.000005983482,0.0000535162,0.0001099703,0.00002944725,0.00002802636],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003810887,0.00001104736,0.00001662934,0.0002296839,0.00001182466,6.052015e-7,0.0002630765,0.000005969818,0.9943556,0.00002352141,0.00009238868,0.00495158],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001823325,0.00004203482,0.001072305,0.00007639705,0.00001451396,7.89501e-7,0.000007207928,0.00007108238,0.9978489,0.0002395497,0.000313323,0.0001315558],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9974388,0.0004359147,0.0005952661,0.000004204554,0.0006409317,0.0001688192,0.00006856958,0.0003387558,0.000308746],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9977991,0.0006366852,0.001401649,0.000006588793,0.00004495406,0.00005721121,0.000006584316,0.00002727799,0.00001997973],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.004820024,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4800436,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2058207181","doi":"10.1016/j.optlaseng.2014.09.017","title":"Introducing a new optimization tool for femtosecond laser-induced surface texturing on titanium, stainless steel, aluminum and copper","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics and Lasers in Engineering","topic":"Laser Material Processing Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":134,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Fonds de recherche du Québec – Nature et technologies; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; McGill University","keywords":"Femtosecond; Materials science; Fluence; Laser; Titanium; Copper; Microstructure; Aluminium; Composite material; Coupling (piping); Surface (topology); Thermal conductivity; Optics; Metallurgy","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.006270565903193349,"gpt":0.1993377613199136,"spread":0.1930671954167202,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002428666,0.0002165676,0.0002287005,0.0001051963,0.00004638812,0.0001553557,0.00008151306,0.0001130857,0.000004050211],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008518625,0.0002358828,0.00001781594,0.00009676756,0.00001110656,0.0001834385,0.00003819283,0.000143458,5.69589e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000539094,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001149074,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008988608,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008901991,"domain_scores_codex":[0.99916,0.000008332499,0.0002194898,0.0002490834,0.0000812117,0.0002818652],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995998,0.0001005454,0.00002700958,0.0001676947,0.00002370809,0.00008120602],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001403813,0.000006662735,0.0000596389,0.0003994716,0.0000126314,0.000001397104,0.0001200684,0.9697315,0.02746968,0.000415382,0.0001058301,0.001663742],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005370147,0.00008044601,0.00006955663,0.0002279988,0.00001199679,0.000003088747,0.00002857514,0.9279373,0.07038456,0.00005550768,0.0003633407,0.0003006396],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8816547,0.00005419307,0.1171682,0.00005798321,0.0002785515,0.0002783811,0.00001139511,0.0003247646,0.0001718155],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9003436,0.00006487403,0.0993031,0.0000243767,0.0001326074,0.00001391208,0.00001237352,0.00007230909,0.00003283141],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.04291488,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9619023,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2081330078","doi":"10.1007/s00339-007-4300-6","title":"Laser drilling of high aspect ratio holes in copper with femtosecond, picosecond and nanosecond pulses","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Physics A","topic":"Laser Material Processing Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":131,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Fluence; Laser drilling; Materials science; Picosecond; Femtosecond; Nanosecond; Laser; Copper; Pulse (music); Optics; Ultrashort pulse; Metallurgy; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.005686723228891101,"gpt":0.1929187127070013,"spread":0.1872319894781102,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001199291,0.0001691093,0.0002557363,0.00006197562,0.00002918701,0.00004145837,0.00009037053,0.00006534273,0.00001857769],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00000161536,0.0001564823,0.00001359251,0.000155934,0.00009732161,0.0001328354,0.00002845374,0.0001151357,0.000003580463],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002636384,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000143279,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002257101,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009125767,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992876,0.000004413074,0.0002233963,0.0001779933,0.00009436828,0.0002122289],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999676,0.00004541063,0.00005259948,0.0001657232,0.00002220844,0.00003799899],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001008468,0.0001034082,0.001385142,0.000549626,0.00008690111,0.00001407374,0.0008995096,0.004375712,0.936339,0.03144927,0.0002312224,0.02446534],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005011776,0.00003114161,0.001830293,0.00005383545,0.00001019575,0.000001623626,0.00005809664,0.0003220627,0.9858984,0.01098705,0.00009193303,0.0002142353],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9890198,0.00004884864,0.00598052,0.000004555851,0.00004042742,0.0001833665,0.00001365635,0.0001529815,0.004555903],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.996852,0.00001136492,0.002940452,0.00003618236,0.00006564811,0.00002007456,0.0000157685,0.00004688202,0.00001156292],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.04955941,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6381161,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2069097466","doi":"10.1007/s00339-004-3135-7","title":"Single and multiple shot near-infrared femtosecond laser pulse ablation thresholds of copper","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Physics A","topic":"Laser Material Processing Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":120,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Directorate for Biological Sciences","keywords":"Femtosecond; Laser; Materials science; Copper; Ablation; Optics; Laser ablation; Fluence; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Chemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01529397063529509,"gpt":0.2137973577306524,"spread":0.1985033870953573,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00004657633,0.000123649,0.0001517138,0.0000175913,0.00003850556,0.00005675151,0.00007540076,0.0000653567,0.0000320309],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000002618272,0.0001294757,0.00001851831,0.00008289126,0.0000504592,0.0001583512,0.00003478575,0.000066921,0.00001195027],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002526686,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007773953,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000006374677,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004725726,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994844,0.000003460658,0.0001579664,0.000127777,0.00008699718,0.0001394391],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997082,0.00002278366,0.00003621291,0.0001759853,0.0000219926,0.000034813],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002401092,0.00006348427,0.0002616329,0.0001354447,0.00002459052,3.307856e-7,0.0005179769,0.01069954,0.9696352,0.0008930643,0.001983941,0.01576077],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003434763,0.00001550376,0.0003089704,0.0000183209,0.00001168068,5.783764e-7,0.00001019914,0.02545083,0.9665862,0.004533099,0.002549104,0.0001720098],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9816523,0.00003832992,0.001225858,0.00001130722,0.00003817191,0.000163756,0.00002065046,0.0003169722,0.01653266],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9940399,0.000005224207,0.005677694,0.00005329786,0.0001077896,0.00001664038,0.00003030417,0.00003982491,0.00002932166],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01650333,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5279866,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2072527284","doi":"10.1063/1.1944223","title":"High-resolution study of photoinduced modification in fused silica produced by a tightly focused femtosecond laser beam in the presence of aberrations","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Physics","topic":"Laser Material Processing Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":117,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Steacie Institute for Molecular Sciences; Institute for Microstructural Sciences","funders":"","keywords":"Femtosecond; Optics; Spherical aberration; Materials science; Numerical aperture; Laser; Lens (geology); Etching (microfabrication); Refractive index; Irradiation; Resolution (logic); Isotropic etching; Aperture (computer memory); Optoelectronics; Nanotechnology; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0175593941259071,"gpt":0.2400043425187811,"spread":0.222444948392874,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003665824,0.0001124458,0.0002609146,0.00009293522,0.0000211778,0.00002047421,0.0002745613,0.00005302539,0.000003231075],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001525387,0.00008998653,0.00002681883,0.0003559489,0.00002556758,0.0002339964,0.00001493021,0.0002124124,6.398054e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006528067,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003921441,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003244952,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003697599,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988753,0.00003652189,0.0006110771,0.0001007559,0.0002619913,0.0001143767],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992788,0.00005388522,0.0003278373,0.0002360767,0.00008458743,0.00001880286],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007660034,0.0007184373,0.00003102999,0.00004608426,0.0000166777,2.975961e-7,0.003546693,0.1297235,0.8647286,0.00008291924,0.0003853221,0.0006438654],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001023057,0.0001277217,0.001204245,0.00004143495,0.00001971473,4.25764e-7,0.0002349655,0.00928704,0.9868509,0.001096498,0.00002507674,0.00008893373],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9987782,0.00001522394,0.0004973676,0.00003726669,0.0000374149,0.0004934755,0.000007087483,0.00002325009,0.0001107283],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987532,0.000006328748,0.001082331,0.000008711811,0.00007986888,0.00004681759,0.000004113137,0.00001700091,0.000001620276],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1221223,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3669544,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2181996924","doi":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2010.11.082","title":"High refractive index contrast in fused silica waveguides by tightly focused, high-repetition rate femtosecond laser","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids","topic":"Laser Material Processing Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":116,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Femtosecond; Materials science; Laser; Optics; Refractive index; Wavelength; Waveguide; Optoelectronics; Fluence; Photonics; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.003853280010805111,"gpt":0.2144303185296076,"spread":0.2105770385188025,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007551369,0.000338856,0.0006217407,0.0003152654,0.00006040305,0.000170265,0.0003711908,0.0003064568,0.0002651827],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001255195,0.0002989366,0.0001071732,0.0002407904,0.00009113703,0.0008517836,0.0000466391,0.001000102,0.00001039031],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000152561,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001017293,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001021224,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000183553,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979768,0.0000681651,0.001021626,0.0002190536,0.0003102832,0.0004041072],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987011,0.0001276379,0.0004116294,0.0002787248,0.0003015485,0.0001793882],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002410346,0.0001284555,0.000114475,0.00009090605,0.00007204246,0.00009741194,0.0001115412,0.001313821,0.9900097,0.00004482199,0.006790511,0.0009852975],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004430432,0.0004831848,0.006133606,0.0003717246,0.00006563011,0.0001074281,0.00004273853,0.006616702,0.9663165,0.006295349,0.008430346,0.0007064088],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9866907,0.00004233254,0.0112749,0.0003837654,0.0008056602,0.0002034783,0.00007108047,0.0001675586,0.0003605454],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9917701,0.00007533424,0.00705655,0.0001376124,0.0007301448,0.00001383512,0.00002884772,0.00009274403,0.00009485763],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02369323,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999463,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2005498161","doi":"10.1364/ol.28.001591","title":"Optical breakdown versus filamentation in fused silica by use of femtosecond infrared laser pulses","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Letters","topic":"Laser Material Processing Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":114,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Filamentation; Femtosecond; Optics; Laser; Materials science; Infrared; Optoelectronics; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0156957427875859,"gpt":0.220589516657346,"spread":0.2048937738697601,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007500016,0.0001340808,0.0001591468,0.000082832,0.00001544042,0.00007178749,0.00009232476,0.00007930455,0.00006551493],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008674331,0.0001475271,0.00002562382,0.0001367454,0.00005340322,0.0002799045,0.00001522846,0.0001030165,0.000007211814],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007175551,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009791076,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000118609,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005455357,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992656,0.00002410279,0.0002560127,0.0001334023,0.0001195367,0.0002013466],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996269,0.00009597638,0.00003468457,0.0001806819,0.00001914291,0.00004259166],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005525039,0.00004474664,0.0003766044,0.0001026731,0.00002571606,0.000008932231,0.0001326152,0.004075361,0.9835571,0.0001774607,0.01113306,0.0003104754],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009407464,0.00004986035,0.0005295839,0.00004464943,0.00001678691,0.000001516323,0.00002213596,0.00180022,0.9941604,0.00008004736,0.002118322,0.0002357794],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9969619,0.00001174328,0.001133433,0.00009882089,0.0002080074,0.0001265167,0.00002848224,0.0001694223,0.001261675],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9759151,0.00001216526,0.02371462,0.0002123345,0.00001364901,0.00001858132,0.00004242542,0.00003581202,0.0000352543],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02258118,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6015981,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2027846514","doi":"10.1039/c4lc00648h","title":"Chemical-assisted femtosecond laser writing of lab-in-fibers","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Lab on a Chip","topic":"Laser Material Processing Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":108,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Femtosecond; Laser; Materials science; Nanotechnology; Optics; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.009533561675212167,"gpt":0.2180636241733539,"spread":0.2085300624981418,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000189782,0.0001238002,0.0001976497,0.0000732919,0.00001268321,0.00002574427,0.0001503747,0.00009118863,0.00005751598],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005407213,0.0001224367,0.00002899861,0.0001382445,0.00002668445,0.00006471854,0.00002988755,0.0001283057,0.00002314985],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003808011,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006190785,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000148735,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008836561,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993101,0.00002286503,0.0002363487,0.0001404617,0.00009881025,0.0001913965],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996346,0.00005609555,0.00003904738,0.0002121775,0.0000176809,0.00004038085],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003735556,0.00006992697,0.0006361447,0.0007355164,0.00001948041,0.000006081768,0.0002847658,0.000308524,0.9844818,0.00138026,0.001469638,0.01057049],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003673035,0.0000231844,0.001389861,0.0002351981,0.000004761464,0.00000194392,0.00001016298,0.001584634,0.9939067,0.001105406,0.001204744,0.0001660731],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9738305,0.00001626625,0.0001055889,0.00004674754,0.00009523547,0.00006730437,0.000007224036,0.0004763723,0.02535482],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9967585,0.000002701554,0.002941685,0.0001159592,0.00006176215,0.00001181136,0.000008147631,0.00003832408,0.00006110981],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02529371,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4992825,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1970207992","doi":"10.1007/s00170-002-1441-9","title":"Neural network modeling and analysis of the material removal process during laser machining","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology","topic":"Laser Material Processing Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":107,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada; Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Machining; Artificial neural network; Laser; Process (computing); Mechanical engineering; Laser power scaling; Materials science; Engineering; Computer science; Optics; Artificial intelligence; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.005751463453175493,"gpt":0.2319577458641963,"spread":0.2262062824110209,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002570674,0.0001431289,0.0002666785,0.0003042901,0.00008391871,0.00004563856,0.0007384651,0.00008102512,0.0000137908],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007605337,0.00009188264,0.00008399967,0.0002270339,0.00008507274,0.0001953784,0.0001294105,0.0002967742,1.363071e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007149814,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001512144,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000002782144,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005286262,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989754,0.00002770914,0.000454556,0.0001074062,0.0002526722,0.000182234],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993687,0.00003056476,0.0002721089,0.0001952758,0.0001121822,0.00002120734],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007382699,0.000006941109,0.0002970944,0.00002420897,0.0004068337,0.00001652996,0.00009155829,0.9593955,0.03804136,0.0002306088,0.000003799833,0.001411687],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003044073,0.00001971209,0.0004563039,0.0001121735,0.0001798197,0.0004035741,0.00009043718,0.03515507,0.9460642,0.01702337,0.00006808604,0.0001228631],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9964576,0.0001350824,0.002098618,0.0002511666,0.0007881384,0.0000634424,0.000005516778,0.0001273557,0.00007308276],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9950845,0.00006886228,0.004708531,0.00002301491,0.00008220166,0.000003386518,8.357006e-7,0.00002266521,0.000005960277],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9242405,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3746865,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1993399821","doi":"10.1364/ol.29.001312","title":"Stress in femtosecond-laser-written waveguides in fused silica","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Letters","topic":"Laser Material Processing Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":104,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Institute for Microstructural Sciences; Steacie Institute for Molecular Sciences","funders":"","keywords":"Femtosecond; Birefringence; Materials science; Laser; Optics; Annealing (glass); Refractive index; Silica glass; Stress (linguistics); Irradiation; Optoelectronics; Composite material","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008010555008814375,"gpt":0.2086826342125873,"spread":0.2006720792037729,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001089382,0.000166457,0.0001845726,0.0001812439,0.00001673521,0.00007574925,0.0002206995,0.00008900775,0.0000165265],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002152466,0.000182024,0.000024933,0.0001976389,0.00003997455,0.0001840035,0.00004010746,0.0001908815,0.00002111431],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001910477,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001409221,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001062733,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002015325,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990989,0.00001273071,0.0002799148,0.0001785156,0.0001096753,0.0003202571],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996724,0.00002067312,0.00002271349,0.0002292919,0.000009971712,0.00004499547],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001810074,0.00009726504,0.002132804,0.0003618065,0.00002179198,0.0002924594,0.0008658593,0.1537312,0.8401343,0.0003504814,0.0008450313,0.001148903],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001611651,0.00004140916,0.004795799,0.0005088478,0.0000111374,0.000008758016,0.00008029593,0.007018756,0.9826421,0.002118464,0.0004647947,0.0006980241],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9963236,0.00002469695,0.0005730443,0.001157401,0.0001472994,0.0001340814,0.00001061731,0.0004140734,0.00121514],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9871624,0.00002047384,0.01211133,0.000549003,0.0000587513,0.00002773457,0.00001332423,0.00004851368,0.000008446696],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1467125,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7422724,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2019632989","doi":"10.1364/oe.20.024103","title":"Stress induced birefringence tuning in femtosecond laser fabricated waveguides in fused silica","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Express","topic":"Laser Material Processing Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":103,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Birefringence; Materials science; Laser; Optics; Femtosecond; Polarization (electrochemistry); Optoelectronics; Cladding (metalworking); Fiber Bragg grating; Waveguide; Polarization rotator; Wavelength; Composite material","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02432022012095432,"gpt":0.2470725551931957,"spread":0.2227523350722414,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002350721,0.0002123465,0.0002421585,0.0002173719,0.00002854182,0.0000811985,0.000316859,0.000162213,0.00003495423],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006493609,0.000226061,0.00002124792,0.0003139711,0.00002911404,0.0004732544,0.0001163892,0.0002499016,0.00001668085],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001070614,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001351368,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008754727,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003609726,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987483,0.0000373087,0.0003598501,0.0001922195,0.0001420923,0.0005202401],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994488,0.0000561843,0.00004498329,0.0003210831,0.00002872402,0.0001002768],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001408335,0.0001083048,0.008299761,0.000249653,0.00001108046,0.00001700332,0.001819584,0.003954642,0.9837362,0.0001337184,0.00009178094,0.001564199],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003279011,0.00001507701,0.005146487,0.0002765015,0.000005287927,0.000002255719,0.0001135258,0.02215991,0.9711673,0.0001633854,0.0002483845,0.0003739657],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9949182,0.0001243047,0.0005348173,0.00001369918,0.0002235457,0.0001705091,0.00001182737,0.0005129921,0.00349006],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9944006,0.00002748908,0.005307455,0.00001852931,0.00007455388,0.0000644736,0.0000113894,0.00006467166,0.00003081612],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01820527,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.92185,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2043823046","doi":"10.1364/oe.20.004389","title":"Mechanism of nanograting formation on the surface of fused silica","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Express","topic":"Laser Material Processing Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":103,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université Laval; Institut National d'Optique","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Optics; Femtosecond; Materials science; Laser beams; Surface (topology); Light beam; Optoelectronics; Laser; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01839135335701806,"gpt":0.2243118546473966,"spread":0.2059205012903785,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001851991,0.00006685706,0.00009130514,0.00001764349,0.00002356346,0.00001195243,0.0001259126,0.00004460396,0.000009906004],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002710447,0.000049001,0.00001937702,0.00005198821,0.00001690476,0.0001556091,0.00002754457,0.00004666234,0.000002211793],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001071036,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000002552458,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000002895154,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.756526e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995629,0.00001652369,0.0001668141,0.00003312919,0.0001088201,0.0001118676],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999653,0.00005382423,0.00006204294,0.0001786858,0.00003515802,0.00001726027],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003159283,0.00001461494,0.000008166102,0.0001388052,0.000005029139,2.596502e-8,0.0008045444,0.001186641,0.9834157,0.01422028,0.0001239102,0.00007913654],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004157742,0.00001776255,0.000008507029,0.00007571068,0.000005321969,3.486371e-7,0.00006593607,0.01795179,0.9808941,0.0008288696,0.00005863555,0.00005140042],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9799898,0.00002814053,0.01671422,0.00001602253,0.0001219259,0.0001105498,0.000009189739,0.0001514264,0.00285867],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9836499,0.000009489056,0.01628052,0.000005715628,0.00002161177,0.000006189981,0.000002341154,0.00001563307,0.00000857185],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01676515,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1998203,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2043706659","doi":"10.1007/s00339-003-2377-0","title":"Femtosecond laser micromachining of grooves in indium phosphide","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Physics A","topic":"Laser Material Processing Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":99,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Surface micromachining; Materials science; Optics; Groove (engineering); Laser; Fluence; Femtosecond; Perpendicular; Wavelength; Laser ablation; Polarization (electrochemistry); Optoelectronics; Geometry; Chemistry; Physics; Fabrication","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.005264064577461949,"gpt":0.1894222515043015,"spread":0.1841581869268396,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000054898,0.000119833,0.0001729159,0.00003660747,0.00001435525,0.00001897077,0.0001359033,0.00005168953,0.00000802658],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000001680262,0.0001291853,0.00002160698,0.0001518156,0.00003031839,0.00007846724,0.0000374868,0.0001133334,0.00001289456],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004136674,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000156818,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004636115,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000865298,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994749,0.000002510316,0.0001762038,0.0001164219,0.00007008663,0.0001598716],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997671,0.00001141718,0.00003661683,0.000154932,0.000007737226,0.00002225256],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000126333,0.00005877398,0.0001359925,0.0001994654,0.00001953194,0.000003146784,0.001049332,0.01401637,0.9725153,0.009345486,0.00008994821,0.00255395],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003382045,0.000007988889,0.0004271693,0.00004574584,0.000004076378,4.415421e-7,0.00001843366,0.0001145519,0.9351552,0.06367551,0.00007834077,0.0001343124],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9912533,0.00003217881,0.001941297,0.000006880483,0.00005829511,0.0001090614,0.000008737773,0.0002510303,0.006339275],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9961467,0.000005567029,0.003680922,0.00003411217,0.00005355294,0.00002636306,0.00001099447,0.00003866044,0.000003087473],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.05433002,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5268025,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2080522994","doi":"10.1007/s003390201409","title":"Transmission and scanning electron microscopy studies of single femtosecond- laser-pulse ablation of silicon","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Physics A","topic":"Laser Material Processing Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":93,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McMaster University; Brockhouse Institute for Materials Research","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Femtosecond; Silicon; Materials science; Transmission electron microscopy; Laser; Irradiation; Scanning electron microscope; Context (archaeology); Laser ablation; Scanning transmission electron microscopy; Optics; Scanning confocal electron microscopy; Microscopy; Optoelectronics; Nanotechnology; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0139809198463125,"gpt":0.256078060260561,"spread":0.2420971404142485,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007551933,0.0001087618,0.0002058432,0.00002773321,0.00002704282,0.000009770004,0.000042089,0.00004194337,0.000003461191],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000003363269,0.0001092676,0.00001770965,0.0001044787,0.00004928981,0.00006978857,0.000008481113,0.00004923425,4.315348e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002408973,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009152743,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000003875426,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":4.952933e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999525,0.000008564035,0.0001798591,0.0001064087,0.00006552547,0.0001147112],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997689,0.00002520315,0.00005816546,0.00009816408,0.00003056288,0.00001899668],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001222387,0.00002451087,0.00002296533,0.0004000752,0.00002389173,7.911481e-8,0.0005797949,0.0008209409,0.9931309,0.001176268,0.00004094153,0.003767408],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001887937,0.00004266456,0.00003837697,0.00007867393,0.00001852923,3.004e-7,0.00004288892,0.0003138137,0.9883545,0.01070681,0.0001166662,0.00009799008],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9941302,0.0004007993,0.003428725,0.000002410039,0.000024444,0.0001206068,0.000003299345,0.0001050038,0.001784508],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.996558,0.00005878061,0.003316187,0.000006959026,0.00001395885,0.00001146729,0.000004915616,0.00002488818,0.000004892247],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.009530545,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4455802,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1992172484","doi":"10.1103/physrevlett.96.055001","title":"Optical Properties in Nonequilibrium Phase Transitions","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical Review Letters","topic":"Laser Material Processing Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":93,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Non-equilibrium thermodynamics; Femtosecond; Excitation; Phase transition; Electron; Laser; Lattice (music); Materials science; Plasma; Condensed matter physics; Ultrashort pulse; Physics; Atomic physics; Thermodynamics; Optics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01414600041382408,"gpt":0.259497054694125,"spread":0.2453510542803009,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00005443605,0.0001267867,0.0002417161,0.00002792315,0.00001393155,0.00002664265,0.00009367979,0.000008756044,0.00001091875],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000006971139,0.0001058545,0.00006076784,0.0001418508,0.00005063225,0.000173178,0.00001100698,0.0001037714,0.00003923906],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003709709,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004968541,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008513027,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001409536,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993683,0.00001854047,0.000193639,0.0001221016,0.0001034738,0.0001940179],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998043,0.000009833385,0.00001134596,0.0001356718,0.00000877378,0.00003004071],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004017544,0.0001828732,0.000002981197,0.002149313,0.0000047375,0.00001494527,0.00002896903,0.001299468,0.9898766,0.0003676124,0.004983085,0.001085409],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002473137,0.0002051784,0.0008460853,0.01733023,0.0002891762,0.00003683192,0.000006601489,0.1741407,0.7616637,0.003575251,0.03709143,0.002341754],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.988313,0.002632429,0.001729909,0.005258273,0.00005983101,0.0003162683,0.000006495347,0.0006757733,0.001008077],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9980011,0.0002398576,0.0005317138,0.0009433756,0.0001489039,0.00009672588,0.000009127936,0.00002681517,0.000002360684],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2282129,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4316623,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2765290224","doi":"10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2017.10.051","title":"Resonant polymer ablation using a compact 3.44 μm fiber laser","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Materials Processing Technology","topic":"Laser Material Processing Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":93,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Laserax (Canada); Université Laval","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Foundation for Innovation","keywords":"Materials science; Polymer; Laser; Ablation; Laser ablation; Fiber; Fiber laser; Polypropylene; Polyethylene; Wavelength; Composite material; Optics; Optoelectronics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02239229792593095,"gpt":0.2823846956849179,"spread":0.2599923977589869,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006911179,0.0002653435,0.0005693827,0.0004561953,0.0003615102,0.0005821165,0.0008146337,0.0003672583,0.0001216914],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001953823,0.0002248176,0.00005652393,0.0001230244,0.0002258645,0.0009609606,0.0001158775,0.0002538416,0.00001482784],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001762808,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001227524,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001882843,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001625515,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983518,0.00003178459,0.0007746816,0.0001684729,0.000304649,0.0003685782],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982238,0.00001290628,0.0009383097,0.0004607271,0.0002977357,0.00006646766],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007924949,0.00003182346,0.0001152103,0.0002677883,0.00003962014,0.00006312146,0.0000518425,0.0001317844,0.9862056,0.00004703471,0.0008229726,0.01214399],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004207516,0.00007473123,0.0002935211,0.0007340436,0.00005822093,0.0004471215,0.00001757289,0.0006893478,0.9907528,0.004114638,0.002138788,0.0002584736],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9953844,0.0006673827,0.001616751,0.000535375,0.0007681777,0.00009732876,0.00001104419,0.0005615431,0.0003579798],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9888769,0.00004761884,0.01055364,0.00002282817,0.0003564485,0.000002618315,0.000001327239,0.00007960961,0.00005899967],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01188551,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9167796,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2268775897","doi":"10.1038/srep10391","title":"Direct laser-writing of ferroelectric single-crystal waveguide architectures in glass for 3D integrated optics","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Scientific Reports","topic":"Laser Material Processing Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":92,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Division of Materials Research; Lehigh University; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Materials science; Femtosecond; Laser; Birefringence; Waveguide; Optics; Optoelectronics; Crystal (programming language); Amorphous solid; Photonics; Computer science; Physics; Chemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02350399238445094,"gpt":0.2448260326104799,"spread":0.2213220402260289,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001479888,0.0001735375,0.000284864,0.0003751965,0.00005034906,0.0001855353,0.0001516394,0.0000876097,0.000004236457],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007268672,0.0001592631,0.00005314732,0.0007049479,0.0001106583,0.000108128,0.000047221,0.0001044221,7.134792e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001525885,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001274008,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003812201,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006422874,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982788,0.00002989255,0.0006747352,0.0003650935,0.000295677,0.0003558183],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990624,0.0000526371,0.0001580093,0.0003960416,0.0002402015,0.00009076602],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004569961,0.0001216138,0.0005521894,0.0005189911,0.00002780484,0.0001940406,0.0007667453,0.02215587,0.9597695,0.00002037103,0.006784551,0.009042591],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001552409,0.00006385097,0.00002074452,0.0001855006,0.00001254889,0.00008221473,0.00004648701,0.04922958,0.9425196,0.004852709,0.00261697,0.0002145349],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9823531,0.000121743,0.009540666,0.0000141051,0.002261365,0.0003886427,0.00001097023,0.0006291884,0.004680207],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9667843,6.340387e-7,0.03286304,0.000003817348,0.00005120379,0.00003435873,0.00004828609,0.00004147623,0.0001728856],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0270737,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.649456,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2020568227","doi":"10.1364/oe.17.022937","title":"Laser selective cutting of biological tissues by impulsive heat deposition through ultrafast
 vibrational excitations","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Express","topic":"Laser Material Processing Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":88,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Materials science; Fluence; Ultrashort pulse; Laser; Microsecond; Infrared; Optics; Ablation; Nanosecond","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01151458412125029,"gpt":0.2521491840024446,"spread":0.2406345998811943,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00003846766,0.0001190553,0.0001380547,0.00002754114,0.00006469821,0.00004680332,0.0001003724,0.00009674874,0.00001404191],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002610771,0.0001138835,0.00002635829,0.0001016738,0.00004134277,0.0002831812,0.000012156,0.00007985979,0.000003031388],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003310897,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008417406,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008894193,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":4.337656e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993941,0.00002248999,0.0002011354,0.0001316985,0.0001035005,0.000147094],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997,0.00005278585,0.00003302958,0.00009166378,0.00009517821,0.00002734341],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007403374,0.00004295597,0.00001649143,0.00001913972,0.00001329012,0.000001298282,0.0005070012,0.003550729,0.9939706,0.000569758,0.0009040127,0.0003973287],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001026098,0.00009745279,0.00008729995,0.00005047942,0.000008210148,0.000004315869,0.00004896299,0.007248402,0.988488,0.00368901,0.00004650219,0.0001287523],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6141092,0.0001214173,0.3797917,0.00009406177,0.0001011448,0.0002067782,0.0001191585,0.0006029351,0.004853628],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8964893,0.00004370887,0.1032102,0.00003769219,0.00006239812,0.00001681563,0.0001181463,0.00001338032,0.000008281017],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2823802,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4644034,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2046813197","doi":"10.2351/1.3695174","title":"Femtosecond laser welded nanostructures and plasmonic devices","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Laser Applications","topic":"Laser Material Processing Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":86,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Materials science; Annealing (glass); Femtosecond; Laser; Irradiation; Nanoparticle; Plasmon; Nanostructure; Optoelectronics; Raman spectroscopy; Nanotechnology; Atomic diffusion; Welding; Composite material; Optics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.007728667284080133,"gpt":0.2324223344831343,"spread":0.2246936671990542,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001440569,0.0001077253,0.000151366,0.00008844901,0.00006340101,0.0000607295,0.0001511647,0.00006974101,0.00006700922],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000009009,0.00008984799,0.00003318434,0.000101532,0.00003539943,0.0003937972,0.00002542945,0.0001406639,0.00001209755],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002977593,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001567463,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000001683977,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000555283,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993873,0.00001206134,0.0002760264,0.00005734946,0.0001032147,0.0001641018],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995437,0.00004122162,0.0001103122,0.0001285317,0.00005716334,0.0001191229],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002193321,0.0007837195,0.07709186,0.003241574,0.00135099,0.0000280046,0.004572802,0.004619344,0.6659566,0.007254886,0.1516184,0.0832626],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004125712,0.00004311596,0.01789323,0.0000665713,0.0001039181,0.0002334363,0.00009181834,0.0001522494,0.825009,0.004634044,0.151059,0.0003010662],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9943436,0.0009555995,0.002922649,0.0001418012,0.0001796418,0.000130668,0.00001590825,0.0001416074,0.00116856],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9923304,0.0001031281,0.007145103,0.00007463749,0.0002623362,0.00002286753,0.000002755394,0.00002408608,0.00003463297],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1590524,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3663895,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2058426210","doi":"10.1103/physrevlett.96.255003","title":"Broadband Dielectric Function of Nonequilibrium Warm Dense Gold","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical Review Letters","topic":"Laser Material Processing Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":84,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Drude model; Dielectric; Femtosecond; Dielectric function; Brillouin zone; Non-equilibrium thermodynamics; Broadband; Materials science; Component (thermodynamics); Condensed matter physics; Laser; Redshift; Optical conductivity; Physics; Optics; Optoelectronics; Quantum mechanics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.007082314356582194,"gpt":0.2243097476940672,"spread":0.217227433337485,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00005755922,0.0001337284,0.0002811876,0.00003311434,0.00001032608,0.00001458831,0.0001049759,0.00001117261,0.00001028789],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001102366,0.0001168221,0.00008593412,0.0002308712,0.00002822049,0.0001222652,0.00001766246,0.00008484622,0.00002856704],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003312125,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004262187,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002651582,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":5.949108e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993387,0.00002046658,0.0002099084,0.0001251421,0.0001334637,0.0001723399],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997009,0.00002620153,0.00004711678,0.0001791558,0.00002089222,0.00002571487],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006561149,0.00003832181,0.00002167413,0.003034519,0.00001527232,0.000002292874,0.000005661913,0.0005170875,0.9466394,0.0001499512,0.04572939,0.003839936],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006928097,0.000261758,0.004432748,0.005445614,0.0006551773,0.00001299602,8.376909e-7,0.03063081,0.8650501,0.004173818,0.0872241,0.00141922],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9859645,0.008197556,0.003053767,0.0004850822,0.0001520606,0.00025492,0.000004375818,0.0006137814,0.001273934],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9980863,0.0007050105,0.0002138427,0.0006924324,0.000224558,0.00002681867,0.00001024801,0.00003024816,0.00001053093],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.08158922,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4763867,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2028890014","doi":"10.1364/ol.32.002888","title":"Femtosecond laser erasing and rewriting of self-organized planar nanocracks in fused silica glass","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Letters","topic":"Laser Material Processing Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":79,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Femtosecond; Optics; Birefringence; Materials science; Laser; Polarization (electrochemistry); Planar; Laser beams; Circular polarization; Silica glass; Optoelectronics; Physics; Chemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.004593867448929667,"gpt":0.1996117310345477,"spread":0.195017863585618,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003296454,0.0001403893,0.0002053404,0.000136362,0.00003131854,0.00004863264,0.0001054457,0.00008827615,0.000007331483],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003620759,0.0001557317,0.00001720892,0.0001569171,0.00003842667,0.0001372523,0.00002730182,0.0001458962,0.000001956861],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006211513,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007363793,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001440036,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001868816,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991468,0.00001427084,0.000318572,0.0001479077,0.0001044436,0.0002680068],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996448,0.00008678246,0.00005219108,0.0001482124,0.00002075475,0.00004733089],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001526322,0.00001371674,0.001859504,0.0002468811,0.00001528166,0.00003838901,0.0004359632,0.0001028714,0.996533,0.00004221088,0.0002103745,0.0004865668],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00068364,0.00002219888,0.00284523,0.000179717,0.00001620748,0.00001584084,0.00008936739,0.00254568,0.992891,0.0001148263,0.0003145555,0.000281742],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9969056,0.00003240116,0.00145277,0.0001992406,0.0000955675,0.0001013513,0.000004665884,0.0003768116,0.0008316438],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.947153,0.00001459929,0.05246344,0.0002581606,0.00005436299,0.000002080353,0.000005016461,0.00004548599,0.000003860049],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.05101067,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6350555,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2343848611","doi":"10.1016/j.matdes.2016.04.086","title":"Fibre laser joining of highly dissimilar materials: Commercially pure Ti and PET hybrid joint for medical device applications","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Materials & Design","topic":"Laser Material Processing Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":78,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Queen's University; Queen's University Belfast","keywords":"Materials science; Polyethylene terephthalate; Composite material; Shearing (physics); Laser; Titanium; Titanium alloy; Joint (building); Optics; Metallurgy; Alloy; Structural engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0254216181902041,"gpt":0.25189829369825,"spread":0.2264766755080458,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009709539,0.0002787114,0.0005484701,0.00008541773,0.00009371452,0.0001386235,0.0002927006,0.0001267845,0.0004257916],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001405523,0.0002080027,0.00003369743,0.00005956113,0.0001080351,0.0002234324,0.000107346,0.00003969377,0.00001816939],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004040847,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006402456,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000110041,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001871445,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983459,0.0001229613,0.0006824126,0.0002880713,0.0002261968,0.0003344445],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991083,0.0001802739,0.0001512015,0.0003380515,0.00009309647,0.0001290601],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007691498,0.00002096506,0.000003318068,0.00070769,0.00003248757,0.0000067333,0.00003846773,0.00000526896,0.9903296,0.0004232259,0.006409196,0.001946121],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004642188,0.00007669998,0.00007263067,0.0004599078,0.00004858619,0.00003223196,0.00000591225,0.0000359137,0.9892667,0.004900774,0.004359296,0.0002771333],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.642064,0.0001135026,0.3523135,0.00114645,0.0005465552,0.00144084,0.001180445,0.001113384,0.00008134208],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9690025,0.0001023376,0.02965152,0.000129898,0.0003142711,0.0006030292,0.00005897025,0.0001070359,0.0000304811],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3269385,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8482104,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2026827309","doi":"10.1007/s00339-008-4938-8","title":"High repetition rate femtosecond laser nano-machining of thin films","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Physics A","topic":"Laser Material Processing Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":78,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Materials science; Laser; Surface micromachining; Femtosecond; Fluence; Wafer; Optics; Machining; Optoelectronics; Microelectromechanical systems; Laser beam machining; Fabrication; Laser beams","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.00938544497842713,"gpt":0.1917426636044008,"spread":0.1823572186259736,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008343225,0.0001338453,0.000188854,0.00002518794,0.00005677518,0.00001565646,0.000120611,0.00005849433,0.00005934982],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000003452071,0.0001375251,0.00003061376,0.0001151781,0.00004420432,0.0001047328,0.00003440227,0.000101987,0.00003133978],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001598255,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001291182,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000216077,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":8.010772e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994192,0.000009035251,0.0001913367,0.0001397862,0.00009484939,0.0001458689],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996358,0.00002453109,0.00006133672,0.0002276467,0.00002273002,0.00002802529],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000166033,0.00003076483,0.00001567691,0.0001567592,0.00002828029,0.000003546126,0.0004625819,0.01440017,0.9708358,0.01054915,0.002753921,0.0007467117],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001932512,0.00001248376,0.0001004584,0.00003013057,0.000008160024,0.000001596582,0.000008477989,0.002142502,0.980024,0.01709092,0.0002284825,0.0001594769],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9842604,0.00001187475,0.004995868,0.000005772593,0.0001428756,0.0001218885,0.0000255156,0.0006480477,0.00978777],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9928899,0.00001584533,0.006775438,0.00004896016,0.00009329367,0.00003617221,0.00005293734,0.00004596301,0.00004153736],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01225767,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5608111,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1968233486","doi":"10.1364/josaa.24.001562","title":"Laser ablation threshold dependence on pulse duration for fused silica and corneal tissues: experiments and modeling","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of the Optical Society of America A","topic":"Laser Material Processing Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":76,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal; Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","keywords":"Materials science; Fluence; Ablation; Optics; Laser; Pulse duration; Femtosecond; Cornea; Sapphire; Pulse (music); Laser ablation; Wavelength; Optoelectronics; Medicine; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02281436283983204,"gpt":0.2811319979167273,"spread":0.2583176350768953,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002576429,0.00007662718,0.0001452417,0.00001424052,0.00005388502,0.00003066755,0.00008056659,0.00005917547,0.000002652581],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000349419,0.00005439665,0.00005941775,0.00005114948,0.00007114233,0.0001427447,0.00002322256,0.0001036314,1.258869e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003816023,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009023467,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000003745565,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.529792e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993836,0.000005891133,0.0002775714,0.00006453909,0.0001622404,0.0001061851],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996489,0.00006210199,0.0001079004,0.00006622601,0.00006645799,0.00004841046],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004258564,0.000141599,0.0002659344,0.0002907042,0.000147848,0.00000184672,0.002880651,0.02793624,0.940886,0.0001218187,0.001133431,0.02576812],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004644987,0.0002753433,0.000293982,0.0001452588,0.00003577782,0.00001377911,0.0003319854,0.6545647,0.3426583,0.001030504,0.00008206538,0.0001037063],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8398172,0.0001180638,0.1595213,0.0002214669,0.00006879513,0.0001420128,0.00000166822,0.00002530734,0.0000842481],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.928786,0.00009276238,0.07095645,0.00008513416,0.00006096372,0.000002257143,3.628797e-7,0.00001148711,0.000004600198],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6266285,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2218231,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2069630965","doi":"10.1364/oe.14.004826","title":"Low-loss Type II waveguide writing in fused silica with single picosecond laser pulses","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Express","topic":"Laser Material Processing Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":76,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Optics; Picosecond; Materials science; Laser; Waveguide; Insertion loss; Pulse (music); Pulse duration; Refractive index; Ultrashort pulse; Photonics; Optoelectronics; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008157033865766881,"gpt":0.2033713830181997,"spread":0.1952143491524328,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009332375,0.0001966837,0.0002062058,0.00008473139,0.0000649256,0.0001320982,0.0001987604,0.0001068774,0.00005388583],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002258268,0.0001886609,0.00001876241,0.000178496,0.00005186627,0.0002310934,0.00007381052,0.000136637,0.000009619589],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007842299,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001795401,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003930969,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005249762,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990082,0.00001407147,0.0002926684,0.0002062827,0.0001410299,0.0003377025],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995304,0.0000363835,0.0000398374,0.0002742136,0.00007569366,0.00004342334],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004884812,0.0002123622,0.00039448,0.0003786583,0.00001502912,0.0001007729,0.0002030377,0.02388042,0.9725025,0.0003719863,0.001242492,0.0006494331],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003868425,0.00008743723,0.0001689652,0.0002712868,0.000008802111,0.000007504138,0.00002191746,0.006689677,0.9901204,0.0005522788,0.001361332,0.000323535],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.980565,0.00006341536,0.00062311,0.00002959544,0.0001120481,0.0001359128,0.00001283715,0.0006576432,0.01780041],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9837931,0.000006227403,0.01566014,0.00002695744,0.0001402173,0.00002262821,0.00002559357,0.000076775,0.0002483489],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01761794,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7693369,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2160212460","doi":"10.1364/ol.35.000646","title":"In situ 24 kHz coherent imaging of morphology change in laser percussion drilling","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Letters","topic":"Laser Material Processing Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":75,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University; Queen's University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Materials science; Lead zirconate titanate; Laser; Surface micromachining; Optics; Coherence (philosophical gambling strategy); Drilling; In situ; Optical coherence tomography; Pulse duration; Optoelectronics; Ferroelectricity; Dielectric","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0109857818360887,"gpt":0.2357615754177213,"spread":0.2247757935816326,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001396049,0.0001112978,0.0001562327,0.0001698646,0.00001000428,0.00001852834,0.0001285029,0.00006871228,0.00002302104],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001384156,0.0001089979,0.00001875143,0.0001074956,0.00004169658,0.0001643402,0.00004408374,0.0002512711,0.000004654235],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000395787,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000003568715,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008000644,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007773596,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999376,0.00001307246,0.0002073199,0.000124717,0.00007124443,0.0002076759],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999756,0.00001783943,0.00002939696,0.0001596688,0.00001122449,0.00002590952],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000409462,0.00001394946,0.003482992,0.0000639979,0.000001698902,0.000041389,0.0003889937,0.001238905,0.9942251,0.00002561623,0.0002027015,0.0003105059],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004184665,0.00001250526,0.00568683,0.0001825848,0.000007245664,0.00001588274,0.00003021397,0.06560545,0.9272809,0.0001572874,0.0002988135,0.0003038337],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9967219,0.00001702665,0.001097299,0.001126728,0.0006648444,0.0001132943,0.000002026187,0.0001174282,0.0001394287],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9906107,0.00001520177,0.008774965,0.0004561838,0.00008798255,0.00001547347,0.000005067389,0.0000317917,0.00000266085],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.06694427,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4444806,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2086550374","doi":"10.1364/oe.18.020289","title":"Femtosecond laser written optical waveguide amplifier in phospho-tellurite glass","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Express","topic":"Laser Material Processing Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":75,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Mahatma Gandhi University","keywords":"Femtosecond; Optics; Materials science; Laser; Optical amplifier; Amplifier; Optoelectronics; Waveguide; Net gain; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008660668701196892,"gpt":0.2251544765520727,"spread":0.2164938078508758,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002203871,0.0002529687,0.0002655689,0.0001007732,0.00004163635,0.000202481,0.000410047,0.0002778504,0.0002304269],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006325848,0.0002582647,0.00004668428,0.0001337318,0.00009439126,0.0002682165,0.0001332094,0.0005231248,0.0001010971],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003813057,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001944353,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002356153,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004455338,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986942,0.00001235097,0.0003641651,0.0002822713,0.0001895298,0.000457498],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992038,0.00006328419,0.00003069459,0.0005083553,0.00005366978,0.0001401863],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003132131,0.0001041226,0.0002959934,0.0002350974,0.00002579957,0.0001022925,0.0003398609,0.00142521,0.986042,0.004539613,0.004461744,0.002396914],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000421527,0.00002244873,0.0003227692,0.00007523956,0.00001212992,0.00001737408,0.00002214617,0.02179245,0.9511281,0.002639256,0.02306655,0.000479965],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9623453,0.00004169815,0.002996302,0.0001014528,0.0009272761,0.0002006785,0.00002485238,0.0007904936,0.03257193],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9445543,0.00002414045,0.05451614,0.00007317273,0.0002102738,0.00005174327,0.00001852289,0.00009171649,0.0004599297],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.05151984,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999869,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1992604895","doi":"10.1364/oe.19.011992","title":"Femtosecond laser fabrication of birefringent directional couplers as polarization beam splitters in fused silica","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Express","topic":"Laser Material Processing Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":74,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Optics; Birefringence; Materials science; Beam splitter; Femtosecond; Power dividers and directional couplers; Laser; Polarization (electrochemistry); Optoelectronics; Extinction ratio; Grating; Wavelength; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01592941042607732,"gpt":0.2140831749730476,"spread":0.1981537645469703,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008408209,0.0001046103,0.0001200852,0.0001182816,0.00002022051,0.00001984549,0.0001321913,0.00007949491,0.00007959428],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002628996,0.0001161279,0.00002102908,0.0001347287,0.00003291618,0.0001727118,0.00002963838,0.00006852482,0.000008329333],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005897022,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001313994,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009609382,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005849523,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993754,0.00001034135,0.0002321003,0.0001314885,0.00011834,0.000132349],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996592,0.00001516853,0.0000538645,0.0001770273,0.00005789932,0.00003684549],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002547958,0.00007136002,0.001937544,0.0001326509,0.00001686932,0.00000137562,0.0008701057,0.002392728,0.9938312,0.0002435334,0.0001277838,0.0003493686],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001815739,0.00002557981,0.005177252,0.00005440446,0.000008818,8.402993e-7,0.00003526712,0.006442614,0.9871271,0.0005854756,0.0002167884,0.0001442457],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9915387,0.00002421517,0.004876986,0.000007839554,0.0002078224,0.0001394358,0.00001378576,0.0002634902,0.002927745],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.990261,0.00002013137,0.009527797,0.00001496492,0.00002928796,0.00003112502,0.00002552387,0.00003133612,0.00005887462],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.006704061,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.473556,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2051049063","doi":"10.1103/physreve.66.066415","title":"Fluid modeling of the laser ablation depth as a function of the pulse duration for conductors","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical review. E, Statistical physics, plasmas, fluids, and related interdisciplinary topics","topic":"Laser Material Processing Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":73,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada; Université de Montréal; Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"","keywords":"Electrical conductor; Ablation; Laser; Pulse duration; Pulse (music); Laser ablation; Materials science; Duration (music); Function (biology); Optics; Mechanics; Physics; Acoustics; Medicine; Cardiology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01809310636631963,"gpt":0.278465412842319,"spread":0.2603723064759993,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001097609,0.0002068201,0.0003818183,0.00001851243,0.0001422508,0.00002072028,0.0001815626,0.00008253608,0.00002601765],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001376104,0.000129534,0.0001458204,0.0001510743,0.0001830515,0.0002066016,0.0001567453,0.0002257357,0.00000458308],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004153807,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001338355,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000004506145,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000225384,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987673,0.00006871495,0.0005716595,0.000213605,0.0002066613,0.0001720457],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992899,0.0001228525,0.0001280246,0.0002863842,0.0001255076,0.00004730527],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004868576,0.001933299,0.0003449899,0.03190316,0.001280369,0.00000474731,0.00724496,0.06006717,0.252601,0.4601921,0.02945477,0.1544866],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002575043,0.000159882,0.0002309688,0.001132667,0.0002649735,0.000002928769,0.00002541164,0.7780963,0.02079115,0.1987429,0.0001080749,0.000187321],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8211689,0.003337136,0.1606782,0.001510552,0.002446945,0.002688159,0.0003517161,0.0003650038,0.007453358],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998539,0.0006182605,0.0004584391,0.00003802161,0.0001557686,0.00003855193,0.00003685667,0.00003194587,0.00008314918],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7180291,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5282242,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2325027196","doi":"10.1103/physrevb.90.035121","title":"<i>Ab initio</i>model of optical properties of two-temperature warm dense matter","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical Review B","topic":"Laser Material Processing Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":73,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa; University of Northern British Columbia; University of Alberta; University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Agence Nationale de la Recherche","keywords":"Warm dense matter; Femtosecond; Ab initio; Relaxation (psychology); Ultrashort pulse; Ion; Laser; Materials science; Electron; Ab initio quantum chemistry methods; Molecular physics; Condensed matter physics; Thermodynamics; Physics; Atomic physics; Optics; Quantum mechanics; Molecule","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01778200672117876,"gpt":0.2537226262218957,"spread":0.235940619500717,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001082572,0.0001346136,0.0004280275,0.00001518751,0.00001047474,0.00001086716,0.0001429238,0.00002896712,0.00001379109],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004780182,0.00009645146,0.00008101232,0.00007713892,0.00007236258,0.00009839964,0.00004650775,0.0001102586,0.00003561031],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001042427,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001089541,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000001847297,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.75751e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993355,0.00002771683,0.0002536813,0.000109944,0.000144503,0.0001286654],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995828,0.00001841391,0.00004206045,0.0002432,0.00007313918,0.00004038405],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004772064,0.00005184733,0.000006202619,0.01019579,0.0000122606,2.162507e-7,0.00004233662,0.0002753914,0.984874,0.002132405,0.001648177,0.0007566098],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00008888162,0.00002632097,0.000008330305,0.003684766,0.00005598252,0.000001452128,4.847547e-7,0.01122558,0.9790027,0.00548785,0.0002767671,0.0001408887],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9908047,0.003669397,0.001111353,0.0002380798,0.00005555732,0.0002723623,0.00001087491,0.0002576123,0.003580086],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9969473,0.0007323544,0.00185334,0.0003127172,0.00007699984,0.00003311776,0.000002665756,0.00003101151,0.00001043885],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01095019,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3933176,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}