{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":325,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":1,"predictions_cover":325,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12","author_layer_release":"2026-06-26"},"query_hash":"54a474e73a36","filters":{"topic":"Law, Rights, and Freedoms"}},"results":[{"id":"W1497381870","doi":"","title":"Reaction and resistance : feminism, law, and social change","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Law, Rights, and Freedoms","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":81,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; University of Victoria; Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Feminism; Sociology; Gender studies; Resistance (ecology); Heteronormativity; Law; Political science; Human sexuality","authors":[{"name":"Dorothy E. Chunn","is_ca":true},{"name":"Susan Boyd","is_ca":true},{"name":"Hester Lessard","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0455998071082363,"gpt":0.3032524608231148,"spread":0.2576526537148785,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005358717,0.0000441839,0.00006623197,0.00001740069,0.0006437178,0.00004426251,0.00003782301,0.00008395656,0.00003235893],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000006859615,0.00003748507,0.00001251959,0.0000602196,0.00346868,0.0002021272,0.00001200401,0.00004256499,0.000004748145],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002630792,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001004398,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00147015,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.04544952,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994609,0.00002398377,0.00007152368,0.000122425,0.0001429497,0.0001782032],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997988,0.00005321676,0.00002848746,0.00003753899,0.00002369591,0.0000582033],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000095523,0.00000712465,0.0002857436,0.000003729532,0.000002141898,0.000002003082,0.02535625,6.664898e-11,0.00008271958,0.9710023,0.0006549024,0.002593521],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002435055,0.00001522744,0.006543751,0.000005194176,0.000009000411,6.877926e-7,0.008485236,3.307705e-7,0.0001148839,0.05023258,0.9342235,0.0001260873],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.05655085,0.0002733529,0.001121587,0.003251546,0.0003001295,0.0001633259,0.000002272013,0.0000955897,0.9382414],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.985997,0.0001462679,0.0002254106,0.0007705123,0.0008180416,0.000002688399,9.999635e-7,0.00000380673,0.01203532],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9335686,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9992433,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2135545778","doi":"","title":"Dignity and Speech: The Regulation of Hate Speech in a Democracy","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"eYLS (Yale Law School)","topic":"Law, Rights, and Freedoms","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":79,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Dignity; Democracy; Political science; Human rights; Law; Sociology; Law and economics; Politics","authors":[{"name":"Alexander Tsesis","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01992755604805733,"gpt":0.270995201432523,"spread":0.2510676453844656,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009307732,0.00008801148,0.0001654396,0.00003640074,0.0004108335,0.00008968799,0.0002277853,0.0001031634,0.0001507869],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001539235,0.00006531177,0.0000468255,0.0002827108,0.002402165,0.0003951362,0.00002527893,0.0001585669,0.00003100927],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004993614,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000572313,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003321024,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01100427,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987848,0.0002042202,0.0002322338,0.0001888801,0.0003348992,0.0002549682],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993829,0.0001197194,0.0001012296,0.0002271696,0.00006594211,0.0001030742],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002297078,0.00006551575,0.008300846,0.000006021102,0.000005922579,0.000005887669,0.002405513,0.000005131523,0.0007686065,0.9683618,0.0005569115,0.0194949],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008052161,0.00008650857,0.1363904,0.00006543932,0.0000231412,0.000004657523,0.0008395668,0.0000771705,0.003109517,0.819266,0.03908629,0.0002460729],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9279349,0.000307833,0.0003012903,0.005810187,0.00022009,0.0004523805,0.000005566003,0.00006015944,0.06490759],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9964457,0.0001150018,0.0005248493,0.0003473258,0.000257909,0.000002222984,0.000002439213,0.000005148527,0.00229941],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1490958,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8850877,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1967915771","doi":"10.1146/annurev-polisci-010814-104523","title":"Campaign Finance and American Democracy","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Annual Review of Political Science","topic":"Law, Rights, and Freedoms","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":79,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Campaign finance; Politics; Democracy; Corporate governance; Exceptionalism; Political science; Public administration; American exceptionalism; Constitutional law; Law; Sociology; Political economy; Law and economics; Economics; Finance","authors":[{"name":"Yasmin Dawood","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02506261651835539,"gpt":0.361750234960103,"spread":0.3366876184417476,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002557806,0.00008152512,0.0002713354,0.00003575548,0.0002882781,0.00003258261,0.0004715724,0.00002295796,0.00002505699],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003293426,0.00005912697,0.0000423932,0.0008093585,0.03637126,0.0004723569,0.00009423488,0.00007258645,0.00003588333],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001703034,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008309144,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002959059,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001015516,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9978636,0.0001332745,0.0002388921,0.0002579052,0.0007637684,0.0007425866],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983984,0.0001676938,0.00009342156,0.0001941422,0.0004186662,0.0007276993],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000001039949,0.00001899115,0.00051171,0.0000667949,7.588565e-7,0.000001695409,0.001063662,2.406489e-8,0.000002951503,0.9864581,0.001347288,0.01052698],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002812281,0.0004657288,0.006282212,0.001867806,0.00005005863,0.00001363858,0.008507082,0.00002485183,0.0001657796,0.2375065,0.744315,0.0005201004],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1942263,0.07517087,0.0127684,0.18374,0.001954146,0.002450196,0.000198692,0.0003062684,0.5291851],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.987583,0.007819595,0.0009299951,0.002648147,0.0001569951,0.000004304499,4.166566e-7,0.000003417347,0.0008541541],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7933567,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9662512,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2512887929","doi":"10.5131/ajcl.2015.0007","title":"Judging Stereotypes: What the European Court of Human Rights Can Borrow from American and Canadian Equal Protection Law","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The American Journal of Comparative Law","topic":"Law, Rights, and Freedoms","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":44,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Supreme court; Harm; Law; Stereotype (UML); Human rights; Raising (metalworking); Transformative learning; Sociology; Political science; Common law; Psychology; Social psychology","authors":[{"name":"Alexandra Timmer","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0628466398633027,"gpt":0.313046563790455,"spread":0.2501999239271523,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001568374,0.000144807,0.0004585315,0.00005840276,0.001131585,0.0002410753,0.0005528261,0.00001441717,0.00001443359],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000007533267,0.00007912338,0.00007709363,0.0002990805,0.02921616,0.0004149338,0.00003300103,0.0003017954,0.000005083023],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001546435,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002161665,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.4792641,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.7003213,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9966592,0.002071637,0.0003648708,0.0001334069,0.0004767618,0.0002940845],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9979919,0.0001890207,0.0008982582,0.0002113808,0.0003521214,0.0003572927],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001235859,0.00005530413,0.000350379,0.000001552939,0.0002136096,0.00001941301,0.1895024,0.00007562211,0.0002343377,0.8058758,0.0007467792,0.002801123],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002006727,0.004318767,0.003925281,0.0003687204,0.000397037,0.00006282355,0.4555501,0.0002068875,0.001643389,0.2746021,0.2560235,0.0008946448],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.975112,0.0002215889,0.001339303,0.004557379,0.000300311,0.000247325,0.0000148944,0.00001282659,0.01819434],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986689,0.00001924338,0.000104759,0.0005226227,0.0006005258,0.00000194715,0.000001349822,0.00001053093,0.00007012197],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5312737,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9734257,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W569468412","doi":"10.5860/choice.44-1186","title":"The First Amendment in cross-cultural perspective: a comparative legal analysis of the freedom of speech","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Choice Reviews Online","topic":"Law, Rights, and Freedoms","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":42,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Democracy; Constitution; Assertion; Law; First amendment; Sociology; Political science; Context (archaeology); Constitutional law; Supreme court; History; Politics","authors":[],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05204581979797503,"gpt":0.403175424796172,"spread":0.351129604998197,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001031494,0.0001341853,0.0006354291,0.00006179303,0.0004287581,0.00007332025,0.0006146493,0.00004959544,0.00005819154],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002766219,0.00006292051,0.0003939469,0.001710696,0.006337211,0.0001854562,0.00005943263,0.0001542014,0.000003496889],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002221288,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007942019,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02855051,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.4113739,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9980975,0.0003615468,0.0006685238,0.0002214593,0.0004193058,0.0002316517],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984918,0.0002808941,0.0004707952,0.0003734566,0.000349684,0.0000333927],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006008282,0.002679838,0.3631862,0.0001039837,0.000771859,0.000004285255,0.04052022,0.001130071,0.0002487648,0.585016,0.003395203,0.002883584],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007106791,0.00006853448,0.1490136,0.0001432304,0.0005911328,3.557863e-7,0.01095037,0.0003076076,0.00008411203,0.0008347756,0.837095,0.0002005875],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9585903,0.02494536,0.00006690135,0.003157901,0.000342131,0.00173425,0.0001126559,0.00001696416,0.01103359],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9947907,0.002731997,0.000111905,0.00003518677,0.0004185476,0.00002352191,0.00001074556,0.000004414971,0.001872937],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8336998,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.996367,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W37596324","doi":"10.4337/9781781953860","title":"Secrecy, National Security and the Vindication of Constitutional Law","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"book","venue":"Edward Elgar Publishing eBooks","topic":"Law, Rights, and Freedoms","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":36,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Secrecy; Law; Terrorism; Political science; National security; Legislature","authors":[],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01700182366795913,"gpt":0.247507089064338,"spread":0.2305052653963788,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts","scholarly_communication"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002921318,0.0002015375,0.0003568915,0.0001154901,0.0009492453,0.00116236,0.0006902178,0.00057331,0.0003179597],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007041908,0.0001479175,0.0001518277,0.00004801072,0.05312892,0.0009173016,0.0001468988,0.0006133246,0.00003122412],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002905105,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002790133,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001599171,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001484731,"domain_scores_codex":[0.997198,0.0003056882,0.0004197128,0.0003388183,0.00145591,0.0002818574],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9976164,0.0007526597,0.0004895199,0.000225766,0.0007655405,0.000150139],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001082374,0.00000962425,0.000009560546,0.00002655556,0.00006450459,5.233171e-7,0.004848534,3.035811e-7,6.112074e-7,0.9090505,0.08549562,0.0004828738],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000330702,0.000004828941,0.000002664117,0.00004401229,0.00002367744,0.00000181611,0.0001284212,0.000007459949,0.000003033356,0.5155344,0.4838128,0.000106152],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.00002514216,0.0003367047,0.001324646,0.001626372,0.0009903666,0.0006023778,0.000123714,0.0000789737,0.9948917],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.2216601,0.00009817551,0.0002854745,0.001719544,0.005005951,0.000112006,0.0004137456,0.00003735638,0.7706677],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3983172,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998745,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2500111186","doi":"10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199315215.001.0001","title":"Privacy Revisited: A Global Perspective on the Right to Be Left Alone","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"book","venue":"eYLS (Yale Law School)","topic":"Law, Rights, and Freedoms","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":35,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Dignity; Autonomy; Personally identifiable information; Political science; Privacy policy; Right to privacy; The Right to Privacy; Information privacy; Privacy law; Data Protection Act 1998; Framing (construction); Fundamental rights; Internet privacy; Law; Sociology; Law and economics; Human rights; Engineering; Computer science","authors":[{"name":"Ronald J. Krotoszynski","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02029877947338573,"gpt":0.2857658737801217,"spread":0.265467094306736,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["sts","insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.001090193,0.0005671147,0.0007282349,0.00007438134,0.001692536,0.0004553667,0.001939994,0.000674753,0.007858928],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006199103,0.0003369569,0.0004536528,0.0002391858,0.00684241,0.0003281657,0.0002748377,0.0006967546,0.006628215],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.003454136,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001220574,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0025151,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01187029,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9955649,0.000475739,0.000452612,0.001049611,0.00151427,0.0009428939],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9967551,0.00048738,0.0002940644,0.001282177,0.0004685652,0.0007127279],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003036297,0.00003245896,0.00001644246,0.000007281962,0.00008207166,0.00002964888,0.00178838,1.34783e-7,0.000002162009,0.6708868,0.3270228,0.000101419],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002691666,0.00009368269,0.00001412227,0.000286293,0.0000624125,0.000003163363,0.0002823813,1.157663e-7,0.000012189,0.2769475,0.7215955,0.0004335444],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.00007673114,0.0009732904,0.0003412513,0.03195524,0.00118185,0.00143552,0.0004749255,0.0002553483,0.9633058],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.005197732,0.0003835921,0.000136379,0.009732557,0.006423589,0.00004805545,0.00002917119,0.00006865495,0.9779803],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3945726,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999083,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2597015980","doi":"","title":"I'm Right and You're an Idiot: The Toxic State of Public Discourse and How to Clean It Up","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The innovation journal","topic":"Law, Rights, and Freedoms","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":34,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Idiot; Ignorance; Politics; Hyperbole; Civility; Rhetoric; State (computer science); Sociology; Law; Media studies; Political science; Literature; Philosophy; Metaphor","authors":[{"name":"Howard A. Doughty","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04563214943999562,"gpt":0.3114813705965828,"spread":0.2658492211565872,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002699445,0.00008341485,0.0001107913,0.0001118864,0.0009962738,0.0003812876,0.000284859,0.00003908545,0.000132672],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001074066,0.00003521721,0.00002275193,0.0005129272,0.002951907,0.0007404474,0.00003502038,0.0001262591,0.000003537463],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003652848,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001313826,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002120735,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001260808,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987489,0.0002558046,0.0002237749,0.0001260455,0.0003978873,0.000247616],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990355,0.00009203434,0.0002350023,0.0001601513,0.0003521142,0.0001252175],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003342832,0.00004610157,0.005413704,0.000004389778,0.00005158772,0.00000378889,0.02533402,9.525312e-7,0.002279826,0.6330642,0.01606996,0.3176981],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002079761,0.0004809124,0.02481668,0.0001139075,0.00005557976,0.00008041847,0.0352397,0.00007101194,0.0009612371,0.1942658,0.741329,0.0005059259],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8013328,0.00006907562,0.04081584,0.1554131,0.0006127086,0.0002087654,0.0000170306,0.0000163829,0.001514286],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9917148,0.0001249144,0.000058662,0.0005567435,0.0005584667,0.000002446128,7.075633e-7,0.000007647875,0.006975665],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7252591,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997615,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W147114429","doi":"","title":"The Scope of Tolerance: Studies on the Costs of Free Expression and Freedom of the Press","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"book","venue":"Medical Entomology and Zoology","topic":"Law, Rights, and Freedoms","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":34,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Incitement; Scope (computer science); Freedom of expression; Table of contents; Free press; Index (typography); Table (database); Political science; Freedom of the press; Expression (computer science); Free speech; Law; Sociology; Law and economics; Computer science; Human rights; Politics","authors":[{"name":"Raphael Cohen‐Almagor","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02448660563499163,"gpt":0.3007121085294625,"spread":0.2762255028944709,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001755745,0.0001613179,0.0005880141,0.00003110422,0.0004366504,0.000004772246,0.00092229,0.0007251116,0.0001340484],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001801478,0.00006627075,0.00008922548,0.00005093335,0.06756197,0.00002350696,0.0004114351,0.0004942692,8.674576e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002877059,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003231034,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003130581,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002808762,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9975318,0.0009106214,0.0004899015,0.0002430481,0.0005663072,0.0002582794],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9951464,0.003732283,0.0004729865,0.0004306888,0.0001403151,0.00007732902],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001041723,0.00005459435,0.0002215641,0.0000540439,0.0001264489,0.000004832866,0.005018649,0.000001349233,0.0000213604,0.9708316,0.01892674,0.004634605],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004352839,0.001489367,0.001291485,0.002797196,0.0005483644,0.0000571114,0.003899522,0.00004854712,0.002459008,0.7141961,0.2682621,0.0005984156],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.07429586,0.2434469,0.0002880514,0.03476528,0.01089588,0.002706453,0.0001571134,0.00005322529,0.6333913],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.4860662,0.1565233,0.00007259185,0.001936298,0.00247494,0.0001325632,0.0000102637,0.00004887897,0.352735],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4117703,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9349756,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W567409246","doi":"10.5860/choice.40-0365","title":"Sexual violence: policies, practices, and challenges in the United States and Canada","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Choice Reviews Online","topic":"Law, Rights, and Freedoms","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Criminology; Law enforcement; Sexual violence; Law; Politics; Sex offense; Sociology; History; Poison control; Political science; Suicide prevention; Sexual abuse; Medicine","authors":[],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1621859144672266,"gpt":0.3561586997174577,"spread":0.1939727852502312,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009527359,0.0001112624,0.0002249429,0.00004103743,0.0002623806,0.00006048076,0.0002258226,0.00005384481,0.00003801246],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008587074,0.00006736731,0.00001166827,0.000260791,0.001417501,0.000165821,0.00002745195,0.0001689513,0.000002266036],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005286052,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008159604,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.8221317,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9848512,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985866,0.0004926241,0.0002335883,0.0001978397,0.0002309249,0.0002584042],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988768,0.0005933107,0.0002104956,0.0001789157,0.00004053427,0.00009996562],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006521488,0.0004764503,0.01913131,0.0009657921,0.00003660984,0.00003626808,0.05394104,0.000002838876,0.00000730638,0.05551022,0.02027048,0.8496152],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001365616,0.00002465597,0.001740758,0.0001338627,0.00001721627,0.000004031946,0.01010562,0.00008228929,1.733818e-7,0.0002160883,0.9874362,0.0001024926],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.3041321,0.6483518,0.000004924049,0.04549455,0.0001361477,0.0006146441,0.00004680481,0.00002159986,0.001197411],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.01448438,0.9828776,0.0000582694,0.001801495,0.0004172399,0.00001283534,0.00002471888,0.000005730405,0.0003177093],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9671658,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5222841,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1652582","doi":"10.7164/antibiotics.44.723","title":"How Much Surveillance is Too Much? Some Thoughts on Surveillance, Democracy, and the Political Value of Privacy","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Journal of Antibiotics","topic":"Law, Rights, and Freedoms","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Scrutiny; Internet privacy; Context (archaeology); Value (mathematics); Politics; Business; Democracy; Political science; Public relations; Computer security; Law; Geography; Computer science","authors":[{"name":"Benjamin J. Goold","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01244560217391874,"gpt":0.269641667919304,"spread":0.2571960657453852,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003393936,0.0001514315,0.000422597,0.00005958264,0.0006389871,0.0001425753,0.0007712535,0.0001473412,0.000008867419],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008884597,0.00007237024,0.0001538306,0.000198323,0.01031514,0.0002194452,0.0000791772,0.0005534885,0.000003480479],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002601959,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002032003,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001206973,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001648633,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9976238,0.0006764908,0.000402537,0.0001185516,0.0007433248,0.0004353183],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9970195,0.00163673,0.0004675294,0.000364204,0.0003329931,0.000179032],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001501719,0.00008079001,0.01276177,0.00001359121,0.00006160271,0.000005998472,0.003409782,0.000001287764,0.0009143555,0.9797626,0.002583382,0.0002546397],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004780593,0.0006757581,0.03749055,0.0001211987,0.0001773903,0.0002061714,0.008041459,0.0004313225,0.03067844,0.8734217,0.04334835,0.0006270609],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.932367,0.0002461938,0.0007426083,0.06297831,0.00157112,0.0001884757,0.00001913966,0.00001258043,0.001874552],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9940192,0.001198683,0.0002782958,0.0007056561,0.002838641,1.036943e-8,3.733356e-7,0.00001364714,0.0009454907],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1063409,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9923782,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2755938","doi":"10.1097/00006676-198904000-00001","title":"A Right to Reach an Audience: An Approach to Intermediary Bias on the Internet","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"eYLS (Yale Law School)","topic":"Law, Rights, and Freedoms","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"The Internet; Intermediary; Selection (genetic algorithm); Filter (signal processing); Internet privacy; Computer science; Internet access; Voice over IP; Class (philosophy); Business; Advertising; World Wide Web; Marketing; Artificial intelligence","authors":[{"name":"Jennifer A. Chandler","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04141274174560243,"gpt":0.297918509331501,"spread":0.2565057675858985,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003545003,0.0002358898,0.0002517966,0.0001172562,0.0007389074,0.0003587512,0.001476479,0.0001835001,0.0004979598],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003560009,0.000152998,0.00009812113,0.0005763276,0.00303828,0.0005604762,0.0001391906,0.0004053091,0.0009320783],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002256732,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001021144,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005413486,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.03079639,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9969603,0.0004297902,0.0003508885,0.0006541485,0.0007892553,0.0008156282],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9977258,0.000243118,0.00008354786,0.0007495593,0.0001181829,0.001079756],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007314145,0.0002794791,0.001207499,0.000003603112,0.00001454707,0.00001625103,0.02196121,0.000006330589,0.0001255075,0.9607964,0.01340255,0.002113438],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004639459,0.0008461869,0.004084199,0.00009497831,0.00002704799,0.000007052158,0.01234521,0.00009458783,0.001969423,0.02487735,0.9543898,0.0008002821],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.5883858,0.00003768148,0.01320711,0.002330643,0.001482704,0.00099364,0.00001857304,0.0002745289,0.3932694],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9789983,0.000006621627,0.001445879,0.006424623,0.001858042,0.00005896336,0.00001380499,0.00002777136,0.01116599],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9409872,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998458,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1604518897","doi":"","title":"Beyond the Margin of Litigation: Reforming U.S. Election Administration to Avoid Electoral Meltdown","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Law, Rights, and Freedoms","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Presidential election; Political science; Democracy; Administration (probate law); Politics; Law; Election law; Primary election; Split-ticket voting; General election; Public administration","authors":[{"name":"Richard L. Hasen","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008920350884462315,"gpt":0.2741506829325709,"spread":0.2652303320481086,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002910379,0.0001128049,0.0001437604,0.0000952825,0.001066129,0.00009696897,0.0003310027,0.0000986509,0.0001162252],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001029389,0.00008018263,0.0001083542,0.0004440322,0.0008101772,0.0004972935,0.00001362401,0.0007966241,0.00003119611],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001342962,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002996181,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002815303,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.03420718,"domain_scores_codex":[0.997411,0.0002077347,0.0003561349,0.0001549891,0.000534371,0.001335809],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992754,0.00005372374,0.0002158521,0.0001347008,0.0002027014,0.0001175537],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005489765,0.00004292922,0.0003415085,0.000002277684,0.00003925331,4.350424e-7,0.002877727,0.0000178868,0.001387137,0.95917,0.0003989487,0.035667],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001008451,0.001502434,0.0005852543,0.00004624103,0.000105775,0.0002417502,0.01277369,0.0001018452,0.01772308,0.7723463,0.1930476,0.0005175371],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8577496,0.003023136,0.05887175,0.05205628,0.001241521,0.0008845042,0.000006166621,0.0001286177,0.02603839],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9911016,0.0007458283,0.0001418896,0.0002353181,0.002291292,0.000008063686,0.000003806293,0.00001202957,0.005460193],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1926487,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.983416,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4234245804","doi":"10.3138/cjccj.48.4.499","title":"The Freedom of Information Act as a Methodological Tool: Suing the Government for Data","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Criminology and Criminal Justice/La Revue canadienne de criminologie et de justice pénale","topic":"Law, Rights, and Freedoms","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"","keywords":"Government (linguistics); Freedom of information; Plaintiff; Law; Criminal justice; Political science; Law enforcement; Politics; Mainstream; Economic Justice; Sociology","authors":[{"name":"Matthew G. Yeager","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1927595903490207,"gpt":0.3542346788122241,"spread":0.1614750884632035,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch","sts"],"consensus_categories":["sts"],"category_scores_codex":[0.008259734,0.0002563638,0.0004843123,0.0001643575,0.001687556,0.0002572305,0.001809208,0.0003894893,0.00003751199],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01752816,0.000179024,0.0001439847,0.0001175386,0.007231276,0.0006172038,0.0001090467,0.0007219895,0.000002334115],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006856824,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.003546128,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.05011189,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.2501373,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9960497,0.001244549,0.0008860787,0.0002812661,0.000241133,0.001297262],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9903351,0.007208452,0.0007777088,0.000579856,0.0005358389,0.0005630663],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003182759,0.0000506166,0.0008458162,0.0003589067,0.0001162499,0.0002725167,0.03871566,0.000310738,0.00006211309,0.9335161,0.003244116,0.02218888],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00175981,0.001605306,0.01760004,0.0001670314,0.01292438,0.002222657,0.6885924,0.001032696,0.000114413,0.06893393,0.2044095,0.0006378046],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9388353,0.00156871,0.04471328,0.008598751,0.001234163,0.0005865427,0.0001197189,0.00001899031,0.004324572],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9926183,0.0006280154,0.004868933,0.0008528001,0.0007249493,0.00002449304,0.0000139535,0.00001641539,0.0002521573],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8645822,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996121,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2336937760","doi":"","title":"Reviewing PIPEDA: Control, Privacy and the Limits of Fair Information Practices","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"TSpace (University of Toronto)","topic":"Law, Rights, and Freedoms","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Personally identifiable information; FTC Fair Information Practice; Entitlement (fair division); Privacy policy; Privacy by Design; Internet privacy; Information privacy law; Information privacy; Scope (computer science); Control (management); Business; Computer security; Computer science","authors":[{"name":"Lisa M. Austin","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02417420621057096,"gpt":0.2679656003852986,"spread":0.2437913941747276,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006484113,0.0000501503,0.0001734931,0.00001334027,0.0003609329,0.00002089513,0.0002089787,0.00005200941,0.0004784508],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001564177,0.00004122949,0.00005684466,0.00004653159,0.002854406,0.001995825,0.00003200493,0.00004108761,0.000003986615],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006010803,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006021666,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.2273591,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0565016,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993696,0.0001557183,0.00008789298,0.00006398303,0.0002135913,0.0001092107],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999018,0.0002014401,0.0005091309,0.0001168181,0.0001231746,0.00003141496],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001716849,0.00003548836,0.001800564,0.00007580512,0.00004319473,9.201176e-7,0.1061095,0.000006067744,0.00006023526,0.8666931,0.001512751,0.02349065],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.008981275,0.000185228,0.1301487,0.0002011965,0.0005514718,0.000002320072,0.1952057,0.0006179822,0.00004528238,0.004187271,0.6594456,0.0004279005],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1622199,0.008223363,0.02505268,0.02313056,0.0003010425,0.001125274,0.00001511566,0.00008858006,0.7798435],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9959115,0.002095543,0.000419184,0.00003231635,0.00005054997,1.373317e-7,0.000001487546,0.000001399934,0.001487825],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8625059,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998593,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2301249481","doi":"","title":"The Antidomination Model and the Judicial Oversight of Democracy","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"TSpace (University of Toronto)","topic":"Law, Rights, and Freedoms","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Andrew W. Mellon Foundation","keywords":"Gerrymandering; Democracy; Supreme court; Adjudication; Political science; Judicial review; Law and economics; Law; Harm; Normative; Power (physics); Sociology; Politics","authors":[{"name":"Yasmin Dawood","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01622672385136342,"gpt":0.2372359148698847,"spread":0.2210091910185213,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":["sts"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003541707,0.00004528708,0.0001186033,0.000009190147,0.001568195,0.000006525021,0.0002455555,0.00005217401,0.0002976237],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003822468,0.00003264166,0.00006433888,0.00004252651,0.01109232,0.0003507451,0.00005252856,0.00003918326,0.000001522612],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006715266,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009391196,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.07749494,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.07141536,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993923,0.0001075472,0.00004981964,0.00008459743,0.0002473466,0.0001183643],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994618,0.0001763536,0.0001161392,0.0001155298,0.00009190136,0.00003825746],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001929387,0.00002313489,0.0003918963,0.000003491749,0.00002968088,0.000001778549,0.1315909,0.00002257132,0.00007335256,0.8615177,0.001768072,0.004384452],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.02198385,0.0004377135,0.2006002,0.0001084008,0.0007704042,0.0000115255,0.5448146,0.06474997,0.0003470859,0.1047413,0.06025591,0.001179],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.584345,0.00146431,0.01723795,0.01535498,0.000287452,0.0004611927,0.00000897934,0.00003914829,0.380801],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9885221,0.003263096,0.0002338541,0.00001453066,0.00004331789,4.993385e-8,4.2756e-7,0.000002015092,0.007920677],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7567764,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997316,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W30897024","doi":"10.60082/2817-5069.1429","title":"Racial and Ethnic Profiling: Statutory Discretion, Constitutional Remedies, and Democratic Accountability","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Osgoode Hall law journal","topic":"Law, Rights, and Freedoms","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Discretion; Statutory law; Legislature; Racial profiling; Statute; Democracy; Law; Political science; Accountability; Legislative history; Sociology; Politics","authors":[{"name":"Sujit Choudhry","is_ca":false},{"name":"Kent Roach","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03839599351974181,"gpt":0.3137590781801511,"spread":0.2753630846604093,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":["sts"],"category_scores_codex":[0.002012681,0.0001342758,0.0002005143,0.00003433836,0.002295535,0.0002097251,0.0001163509,0.0001432818,0.0002761849],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002693296,0.0001090765,0.00005150203,0.00009958311,0.0211175,0.0006090641,0.00001856772,0.0003716525,0.000005202684],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001290964,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005225383,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009539123,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.03278751,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981473,0.0004303604,0.0003190806,0.0002340406,0.0005005122,0.0003686754],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990646,0.000166213,0.000142324,0.0001023064,0.000200202,0.0003244127],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001871797,0.00004275524,0.003850536,0.00001158165,0.00002088181,0.000009872653,0.002140282,0.000001385118,0.00008174134,0.9927998,0.0001299004,0.0008925584],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001144474,0.00009161192,0.0008328771,0.0000516977,0.00007116651,0.0001902197,0.003428388,0.00003767939,0.0001435819,0.9521437,0.04153173,0.0003329101],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.07593136,0.009503075,0.106598,0.002242309,0.003788274,0.001016083,0.00006450057,0.0001566184,0.8006998],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9962023,0.0009100168,0.001674496,0.0001710581,0.0004602551,0.000005459166,0.000003546211,0.000006674641,0.0005662314],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9202709,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9990034,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W657512810","doi":"","title":"Surveillance : power, problems, and politics","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"book","venue":"","topic":"Law, Rights, and Freedoms","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Criminology; Politics; Political science; Criminalization; Economic Justice; Sociology; Law","authors":[{"name":"Sean P. Hier","is_ca":false},{"name":"Joshua Greenberg","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0190833287300728,"gpt":0.2565284746321886,"spread":0.2374451459021159,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000378756,0.000172061,0.0002863939,0.00004960323,0.000373857,0.0001184034,0.0002350177,0.0003861446,0.0006050064],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003699524,0.000139497,0.00006186864,0.00004620707,0.006584466,0.00008076364,0.00002978733,0.0001748705,0.00008139739],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001373536,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000539476,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003796812,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002528794,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986873,0.00006620731,0.0001927297,0.0002815032,0.000374065,0.0003981415],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999308,0.0001111877,0.00009002424,0.0001959984,0.0001007913,0.0001939402],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[4.085819e-7,0.000008349127,0.00003874905,0.00001056348,0.000008536533,0.000003412289,0.001124017,5.376403e-8,1.129326e-7,0.8272589,0.170983,0.0005639204],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00007662951,0.00002772092,0.00002658334,0.0000192347,0.000004910492,7.535136e-7,0.00003990262,4.447272e-7,1.94798e-7,0.2642505,0.7353756,0.0001775482],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.000008018647,0.001632939,0.000402355,0.0008822553,0.0002796797,0.000262298,0.00001840619,0.0001345329,0.9963795],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.001097487,0.001863624,0.0001235497,0.0004676376,0.00088051,0.000002025051,0.00002010601,0.00001598275,0.9955291],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5643926,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.996119,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3013724371","doi":"","title":"Canada's Residential Schools and the Right to Integrity","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"eYLS (Yale Law School)","topic":"Law, Rights, and Freedoms","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Political science; Law","authors":[{"name":"Amy Anderson","is_ca":false},{"name":"Dallas K. Miller","is_ca":false},{"name":"Dwight Newman","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01240378790515456,"gpt":0.2605882250086066,"spread":0.248184437103452,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["sts"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00127011,0.0001459533,0.0002302205,0.00002847076,0.001884497,0.0004071473,0.0006066039,0.0001231773,0.001222757],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005630845,0.00009395503,0.00005940924,0.0002627634,0.008182128,0.0002917265,0.0001280239,0.0003946154,0.0003068159],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002009213,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001077982,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9317777,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9936484,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9978906,0.0003880671,0.0002428751,0.0003413139,0.0006376064,0.0004995684],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998646,0.000182592,0.00006885839,0.0003895986,0.0002119623,0.0005010447],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005573326,0.000008500931,0.0007004243,0.000002482097,0.00001738609,0.0000081413,0.0009545626,1.682742e-7,0.00002370915,0.8844705,0.1135297,0.0002287943],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007117877,0.00003329091,0.0009029413,0.00002596663,0.00002317004,0.000002288967,0.0006985547,0.000004693691,0.0004538608,0.05627274,0.9406725,0.0001982648],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3180604,0.001165639,0.004276332,0.1313256,0.008585901,0.002493078,0.0001389509,0.0003788215,0.5335752],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9768879,0.00003980499,0.0003114432,0.004519748,0.003033345,0.00002426356,0.000002219329,0.00001291199,0.01516832],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8281977,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996902,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2230790418","doi":"","title":"Criminal Responses to Hate Motivated Violence: Is Bill C-41 Tough Enough?","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Law, Rights, and Freedoms","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Hatred; Redress; Denunciation; Hate crime; Political science; Law; Criminology; Parliament; Criminal law; Politics; Sociology","authors":[{"name":"Martha Shaffer","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02570333344592581,"gpt":0.2875243057062493,"spread":0.2618209722603235,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002117976,0.0002190988,0.0002786475,0.0002026833,0.002085515,0.0001108071,0.0006905735,0.0001674344,0.0003530213],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003089719,0.0001590637,0.0001808279,0.000584382,0.002504431,0.000434128,0.00004748546,0.001199128,0.0002837861],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001161963,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.004753888,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001883079,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00125478,"domain_scores_codex":[0.994896,0.0003931034,0.0003821018,0.0003464958,0.0008122471,0.003170052],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988474,0.0001299298,0.000158247,0.000233204,0.0002714105,0.0003598205],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006219324,0.0002445471,0.004590607,0.000005726423,0.0001858645,0.0001335768,0.04256472,0.00001509185,0.001042196,0.9231614,0.005100249,0.02233413],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001898307,0.001802745,0.002734052,0.0001705679,0.0001393814,0.001245021,0.02418118,0.00001860387,0.003027187,0.6398228,0.3238274,0.001132717],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9712169,0.002245771,0.01178391,0.00899905,0.0008136468,0.0003266128,0.000009771047,0.0001413202,0.004462969],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9516382,0.01584616,0.0001718115,0.0008407445,0.00122553,0.000007025271,0.000001511984,0.00002732463,0.03024167],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3187272,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9992136,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1533284965","doi":"10.58948/2331-3528.1769","title":"Facebook Fatalities: Students, Social Networking, and the First Amendment","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Pace law review","topic":"Law, Rights, and Freedoms","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Response Biomedical (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Amendment; Internet privacy; First amendment; Social media; Business; Political science; Law; Computer science; Supreme court","authors":[{"name":"Thomas E. Wheeler","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.06487862511180706,"gpt":0.3181166496825823,"spread":0.2532380245707753,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001488328,0.0001171553,0.0003100637,0.000005415245,0.00115145,0.0000972346,0.0003813521,0.00004954252,0.0006148723],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000158554,0.0000699832,0.0001088945,0.00008396572,0.007989124,0.0001074483,0.0001006012,0.00009339732,0.0001004392],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000449611,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002566459,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001638185,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002824533,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986206,0.0003034851,0.0002114765,0.0001808621,0.0003852494,0.0002983324],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995198,0.00008821866,0.0001201453,0.0001656476,0.0000324538,0.00007378949],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004656898,0.00001931324,0.0002099731,0.0001741548,0.0000305157,0.000001507878,0.0208451,5.157508e-9,2.171818e-8,0.9684017,0.008335654,0.001977367],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003205226,0.00001018673,0.00002417422,0.0004024315,0.00008401368,5.699341e-7,0.00079959,1.88241e-7,6.476002e-7,0.01454516,0.9837018,0.0001106773],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0002666176,0.2691279,0.0006016364,0.01341447,0.001279264,0.004384465,0.00001323986,0.0001775524,0.7107349],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.2403913,0.7194073,0.0001181606,0.01772061,0.002452157,0.0006760235,0.000006948925,0.00004112958,0.01918641],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9753662,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9947106,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2268461570","doi":"","title":"The Power to Govern Men and Things’: Patriarchal Origins of the Police Power in American Law","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"eYLS (Yale Law School)","topic":"Law, Rights, and Freedoms","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Power (physics); Law; State police; Legislation; State (computer science); Political science; Government (linguistics); Corporate governance; Sociology; Law enforcement; Business","authors":[{"name":"Markus D. Dubber","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008960533000644606,"gpt":0.2635246320497798,"spread":0.2545640990491352,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009079906,0.0001344727,0.0002087401,0.00002174345,0.0007236225,0.0001382322,0.0006594224,0.00007196343,0.0001182716],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001047329,0.00007838023,0.00008394103,0.0003942087,0.006334663,0.0003484573,0.0001538847,0.0002496497,0.00006416642],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002642715,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001237171,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.1612939,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.2162632,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981616,0.000271888,0.0002637338,0.0002515065,0.0005699955,0.0004812949],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998933,0.0002556189,0.0001295826,0.0003940017,0.00006401209,0.0002237409],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002274066,0.00003345817,0.002765484,0.000001275267,0.00001249667,7.192755e-7,0.02675448,0.000003856773,0.000090015,0.968606,0.00116387,0.0005455862],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003722133,0.0000657888,0.003796669,0.0000184654,0.000009149466,9.387234e-7,0.007773397,0.000005356354,0.0001910617,0.006062289,0.981548,0.0001566612],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6894977,0.0002990132,0.00007066847,0.01908984,0.0005001326,0.0006517491,0.00003617158,0.00006252764,0.2897922],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9938698,0.00008203082,0.0001516303,0.002725509,0.000312991,0.00001140718,3.712387e-7,0.00001427342,0.002831988],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9803841,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9963695,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2009661012","doi":"10.1089/153312904323216186","title":"Improving the U. S. Electoral System: Lessons from Canada and Mexico","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Election Law Journal Rules Politics and Policy","topic":"Law, Rights, and Freedoms","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Election law; Political science; Politics; Bureaucracy; Voting; Local election; Administration (probate law); Public administration; General election; Law","authors":[{"name":"Robert Α. Pastor","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01239073253481552,"gpt":0.2702704301497055,"spread":0.2578796976148899,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002800368,0.0001094207,0.000138464,0.00004679741,0.003358618,0.0004099106,0.0001272693,0.00007855589,0.00001005438],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006933602,0.00007660963,0.00003762451,0.0001223099,0.001707411,0.0001736314,0.00002097875,0.0002708958,0.000001637134],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006885559,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001463163,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9882337,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9598668,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987935,0.0001256218,0.0001983004,0.0001265064,0.0002859865,0.000470023],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992834,0.00009092878,0.0001206669,0.00008242811,0.0000998735,0.0003227451],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000002533593,0.000006240368,0.0002247103,0.000004702446,0.00002176483,0.00000548313,0.001140248,0.000003843704,0.00006476794,0.9973477,0.0001709308,0.001007056],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001738525,0.0002362818,0.003951504,0.0001307541,0.0001715103,0.0006235305,0.006689203,0.0001145957,0.00168435,0.6395849,0.34439,0.0006848684],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9337564,0.002360284,0.004306181,0.03416801,0.00185848,0.0002692599,0.0001387302,0.00009046064,0.02305217],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9953611,0.0002636491,0.0000606829,0.001008646,0.002957206,0.000001941302,0.000002080153,0.00001092088,0.0003337588],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3577628,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9979389,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2990557264","doi":"10.21991/cf29389","title":"Advocacy Notwithstanding the Notwithstanding Clause","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Constitutional Forum / Forum constitutionnel","topic":"Law, Rights, and Freedoms","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Legislature; Paradigm shift; Political science; Politics; Law and economics; Frame (networking); Sociology; Law; Epistemology; Computer science","authors":[{"name":"Robert Leckey","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02057622548626431,"gpt":0.2752041373246879,"spread":0.2546279118384236,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["sts","insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00121789,0.0004030288,0.000433819,0.0002415259,0.00551218,0.0004240726,0.0008909819,0.0003240445,0.001617132],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000546345,0.0003011374,0.0003462006,0.0007791452,0.05928488,0.00133519,0.0002070476,0.0005203826,0.001461385],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007610755,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.003357789,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002688165,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005059341,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9959124,0.0002017651,0.0006532274,0.0006847157,0.001202813,0.001345115],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9977356,0.0005928458,0.0002796122,0.0006174498,0.000395195,0.0003792685],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006260921,0.0000636292,0.03596553,0.00001261048,0.00008209502,0.0000186034,0.001343841,0.0002610521,0.000124198,0.9561523,0.005562293,0.0003513086],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001916792,0.0000645707,0.0002029615,0.0002252553,0.0000877757,0.00009657494,0.01694219,0.0003950681,0.0001480287,0.101124,0.8780577,0.0007391192],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.02037358,0.001332615,0.4799792,0.01892598,0.0116645,0.002374855,0.0002114903,0.0006643458,0.4644734],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9916122,0.0001850291,0.0004453526,0.00166635,0.0006206725,0.00004806386,0.00004797728,0.00001825301,0.005356085],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9712386,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999441,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2237729157","doi":"","title":"Protecting the Social Value of Privacy in the Context of State Investigations Using New Technologies","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Law, Rights, and Freedoms","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Information privacy; Privacy by Design; Privacy policy; Personally identifiable information; Charter; Right to privacy; Internet privacy; Context (archaeology); State (computer science); The Right to Privacy; Value (mathematics); Privacy law; Agency (philosophy); Privacy laws of the United States; Democracy; Political science; Law and economics; Business; Law; Sociology; Politics; Computer science; Human rights","authors":[{"name":"Arthur J. Cockfield","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03627339416166526,"gpt":0.3181525709679934,"spread":0.2818791768063282,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.008272399,0.0000678908,0.0001294652,0.00008727061,0.001098452,0.00003533403,0.0005713739,0.00007325302,0.000002606146],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006966919,0.00003884516,0.00007302692,0.0005404026,0.003558533,0.0001586267,0.00002921894,0.001359766,4.314016e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003696435,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002949123,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002722454,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01352569,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979525,0.0003399084,0.0003358985,0.00007684431,0.0003627786,0.0009321385],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991831,0.0002695694,0.0003505974,0.00009513871,0.00008251173,0.00001914673],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009969729,0.00001967198,0.001361554,0.000002245314,0.00002545624,5.067402e-7,0.06855223,0.00001601589,0.0008812929,0.908591,0.00001086789,0.0205292],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002495284,0.00005623556,0.0002255146,0.00002001649,0.00001492152,0.00001267878,0.2241879,0.00002305916,0.001411298,0.77292,0.0008243431,0.00005446872],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9488489,0.0008937441,0.04352651,0.005706552,0.0000895112,0.0003697213,8.332628e-7,0.00002351043,0.0005407351],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999211,0.0002678635,0.0002006664,0.0000356429,0.0001742358,0.00000137272,1.212576e-7,0.000005469678,0.0001036475],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1556357,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9991532,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3033467396","doi":"10.21991/cf29397","title":"The Politics of Campus Free Speech in Canada and the United States","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Constitutional Forum / Forum constitutionnel","topic":"Law, Rights, and Freedoms","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"","keywords":"Government (linguistics); Politics; Executive order; Order (exchange); Liberal arts education; Political science; Higher education; Public administration; Directive; Law; Sociology; Business","authors":[{"name":"Stephen L. Newman","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0139573574144865,"gpt":0.2291164190205911,"spread":0.2151590616061046,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":["sts"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005532933,0.0001713972,0.0002692002,0.00006256923,0.002400557,0.00008615841,0.0006014713,0.00008744336,0.00004342837],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0014084,0.0001076025,0.00007877106,0.0005488681,0.08430067,0.0002037906,0.0001724971,0.0002499774,0.000005795954],"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003526074,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00714824,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.6938927,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.8806365,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9978584,0.0001998148,0.0004956384,0.0002412308,0.0005934323,0.0006114564],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980191,0.001043591,0.0001707848,0.0002511356,0.0002777851,0.0002376234],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005639967,0.00001271336,0.01882853,0.000008280284,0.0000373566,0.00001465919,0.0008049266,0.0005187013,0.000002138381,0.9731854,0.006347716,0.0001831822],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00372426,0.00002871211,0.0003324641,0.0000660657,0.00005305235,0.00003514266,0.03121302,0.002901639,0.00007017764,0.3467897,0.6144493,0.0003363962],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.2001229,0.009936154,0.1100144,0.5711628,0.006808818,0.004243264,0.002767392,0.0002601905,0.09468405],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9958817,0.000624987,0.0001047925,0.0029969,0.0001388674,0.00002084262,0.00004404656,0.000004440109,0.0001834005],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7957588,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9988982,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3033585614","doi":"10.21991/cf29395","title":"Compelling Freedom on Campus: A Free Speech Paradox","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Constitutional Forum / Forum constitutionnel","topic":"Law, Rights, and Freedoms","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"","keywords":"Law; Supreme court; Charter; Political science; Entitlement (fair division); Coercion (linguistics); Sociology; Philosophy","authors":[{"name":"Jamie Cameron","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03216580779953247,"gpt":0.2678625653255279,"spread":0.2356967575259954,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["sts","insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005300136,0.0004724622,0.0005604799,0.0001906205,0.003807941,0.0002855598,0.001176579,0.0003972681,0.001023749],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00130797,0.0004541794,0.0004006808,0.0007319641,0.06685951,0.0008207069,0.0002284041,0.0005808736,0.001629573],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003626934,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002356718,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002781547,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005145117,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9956628,0.0001869263,0.0007373812,0.0008821668,0.001275762,0.001254973],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9974834,0.0004203301,0.0002659867,0.0005660158,0.0003908013,0.0008734472],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001088526,0.0001477329,0.003512343,0.00001564039,0.0000872357,0.0001058562,0.0008476059,0.001636871,0.00006553265,0.9585981,0.0341926,0.0006816521],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002824036,0.0001768329,0.00003375261,0.0001745101,0.0000870843,0.00006585904,0.005861257,0.001704339,0.0002367025,0.1333311,0.854574,0.0009305091],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.002698894,0.001055118,0.6206998,0.05989508,0.005348041,0.001418179,0.0007608742,0.0009335688,0.3071905],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9879135,0.0001770974,0.00293045,0.0065902,0.001607412,0.00003515182,0.0001239932,0.0000202852,0.0006019342],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9852146,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998894,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2947337155","doi":"10.36643/mjrl.24.2.virtual","title":"Virtual Hatred: How Russia Tried to Start a Race War in the United States","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Michigan Journal of Race & Law","topic":"Law, Rights, and Freedoms","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Centre for Engineering Research and Development; McGill University","keywords":"Hatred; Politics; Presidential election; Democracy; Racism; Political science; Nationalism; Xenophobia; Presidential system; Law; Public opinion; Persona; Sociology","authors":[{"name":"William J. Aceves","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0141151370943991,"gpt":0.2579790512883151,"spread":0.243863914193916,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002097947,0.0001592091,0.0003508342,0.0001830682,0.00033209,0.000223262,0.0007995263,0.00009874153,0.0001473701],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001061487,0.00009954297,0.0001371233,0.0006889858,0.001860396,0.0005020248,0.00003548482,0.0003656315,0.0000521664],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006596142,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001951462,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004369357,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00683227,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9976792,0.0006034508,0.0003696613,0.0001684926,0.000734713,0.0004445313],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998749,0.0003590961,0.0002898308,0.0002379001,0.0001677566,0.0001964205],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006171964,0.000297401,0.003214945,0.00001180907,0.0001042131,0.0001615189,0.406528,0.0009257798,0.001291264,0.5625575,0.02338139,0.0009089936],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001544118,0.0004553211,0.0002759572,0.00007615372,0.0000340822,0.00001845659,0.08105996,0.00004802929,0.0003448924,0.003973618,0.9119534,0.0002160532],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9621229,0.0002362707,0.001032329,0.03405563,0.0006414052,0.0003155276,0.00001301252,0.00001780818,0.001565132],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9922718,0.000221268,0.0002425758,0.002668606,0.0004206657,0.000002028056,0.000005722366,0.00001727156,0.004150106],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.888572,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6854708,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3032934504","doi":"10.21991/cf29398","title":"Universities, the Charter, Doug Ford, and Campus Free Speech","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Constitutional Forum / Forum constitutionnel","topic":"Law, Rights, and Freedoms","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Charter; Free speech; Government (linguistics); Political science; Media studies; Sociology; Law","authors":[{"name":"James L. Turk","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01967104841624022,"gpt":0.2430327299145546,"spread":0.2233616814983144,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":["sts"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00037484,0.0002737365,0.0002902685,0.00008524668,0.004469809,0.0002304618,0.0009816285,0.0002168035,0.0004544999],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003877233,0.0002182826,0.0001730287,0.0004139128,0.07592946,0.000893564,0.0004094974,0.0003204819,0.0001634486],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002448736,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002390514,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004303839,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009086845,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9976404,0.0001222895,0.0003454383,0.0004895578,0.0006411064,0.0007611778],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984701,0.0002377692,0.0001454347,0.0004463527,0.0002438872,0.0004564956],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004275811,0.00003087522,0.002720557,0.00001130959,0.00006266194,0.00004316079,0.001406682,0.00003191564,0.00002411305,0.9568542,0.03811968,0.0006520285],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001522344,0.00005533214,0.00005759777,0.00003965401,0.00007112556,0.00008540307,0.02115997,0.0002515681,0.00004772799,0.09260094,0.8837236,0.0003847722],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.0100581,0.003731209,0.353664,0.3064579,0.005108201,0.001916377,0.001167367,0.00073275,0.3171641],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9912965,0.0002691171,0.0006858996,0.005251565,0.0007317079,0.00002259489,0.00005882592,0.000008999671,0.001674771],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9812384,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9968262,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W179536926","doi":"","title":"Hate speech, fighting words, and beyond - why American law is unique","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Albany law review","topic":"Law, Rights, and Freedoms","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Law; Presidential system; Declaration of independence; Faith; Supreme court; State (computer science); Sociology; Political science; Politics; Theology; Philosophy","authors":[{"name":"Robert M. O apos","is_ca":false},{"name":"Neil","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02436251169976915,"gpt":0.3023062074226997,"spread":0.2779436957229305,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001133071,0.0001718866,0.0004406972,0.00001566565,0.0006221136,0.00008943985,0.0002589489,0.00006613294,0.0006686306],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000553988,0.0001326527,0.0001138603,0.0003256151,0.006651063,0.0005557406,0.00006682371,0.0001454752,0.0001639817],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004375592,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003178221,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.008127751,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005197969,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998265,0.0003145454,0.0003038253,0.0002502802,0.000304543,0.0005618035],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998997,0.0001504319,0.0001900515,0.0002937492,0.00005490669,0.0003138797],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[8.275319e-7,0.00002336326,0.000313315,0.0001907922,0.0000178668,0.000002724761,0.001725646,3.79605e-9,0.000005540445,0.9665113,0.009154034,0.02205457],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00006877094,0.00001783122,0.00001287233,0.0005360126,0.00007209104,0.000004707415,0.0001456169,3.798216e-7,0.00006849901,0.00739177,0.9914653,0.0002161353],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.001937726,0.2497796,0.0004526857,0.01950706,0.0007726406,0.001158634,0.00003311548,0.0002143512,0.7261443],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.455552,0.3975038,0.004106015,0.1311163,0.002535478,0.00009360262,0.00003287185,0.00008955951,0.008970437],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9823113,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9984772,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3121156435","doi":"","title":"Using the Charter to Stop Racial Profiling: The Development of an Equality-Based Conception of Arbitrary Detention","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Osgoode Hall law journal","topic":"Law, Rights, and Freedoms","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Racial profiling; Charter; Offensive; Criminology; Political science; Rationality; Profiling (computer programming); Reasonable suspicion; Law; Sociology; Race (biology); Gender studies; Engineering; Operations research; Computer science","authors":[{"name":"David M Tanovich","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1401032799816692,"gpt":0.3488697523661616,"spread":0.2087664723844924,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001881362,0.00008636329,0.0001451318,0.00003352007,0.001341909,0.00007980703,0.0003218493,0.0000716862,0.0002284892],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002774043,0.00005009327,0.00009501658,0.0001393093,0.001776716,0.0002606233,0.00001741817,0.0001805151,0.000005382911],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007397727,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001328736,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006723417,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01067098,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981403,0.000493026,0.0004354357,0.0001135343,0.0005848533,0.0002328625],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991986,0.00005968135,0.0003094793,0.0001407387,0.0001883617,0.0001031921],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005090351,0.0001966173,0.0003932612,0.00001343924,0.00003694335,0.000001968686,0.04577607,0.0001768981,0.009460346,0.936262,0.00002012206,0.007611502],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0118195,0.002165805,0.005195074,0.001396516,0.0009179306,0.0001129446,0.1220544,0.03010861,0.3204549,0.412552,0.09007695,0.003145435],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6897985,0.000218178,0.2320056,0.001916499,0.001247406,0.0008804396,0.00001360515,0.00004027656,0.07387956],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9905834,0.000005093073,0.008596103,0.0002089915,0.0005176063,0.000003975377,0.000001832802,0.000007500524,0.00007551167],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.52371,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999582,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1606914710","doi":"","title":"\"I'm Not That Kind of Girl\": White Femininity, the Other and the Legal/Social Sanctioning of Sexualized Violence Against Racialized Women","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian women's studies","topic":"Law, Rights, and Freedoms","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Girl; Femininity; White (mutation); Gender studies; Sociology; Criminology; Psychology; Developmental psychology","authors":[{"name":"Nicole Pietsch","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02699265925914724,"gpt":0.28414084329562,"spread":0.2571481840364728,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":["sts"],"category_scores_codex":[0.002025529,0.0001642909,0.000479773,0.00009079165,0.001911567,0.00008528464,0.000398959,0.0001110906,0.0001635177],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004544709,0.00009925164,0.00006789429,0.0003170669,0.0204234,0.0001490296,0.00007372862,0.0002195267,0.000002970736],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001990553,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004677873,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.007497559,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.150034,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982184,0.0003119799,0.0002857866,0.0002206769,0.0003744879,0.0005886773],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986755,0.0004555241,0.0002676482,0.0002226287,0.0001915494,0.0001871882],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001324172,0.00001839239,0.005206964,0.00003374004,0.000323939,0.000002918718,0.6019737,0.000001094224,0.0001935511,0.3889793,0.0005231703,0.002610827],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00327202,0.00006819691,0.002342796,0.00006770252,0.00007212041,0.000001315058,0.7905483,0.00000540028,0.0001793749,0.02776569,0.175272,0.0004050975],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9761119,0.00023228,0.000009788511,0.002658366,0.0008974812,0.0003964485,0.00005239235,0.00002016505,0.0196212],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9958091,0.0002503328,0.00001909631,0.001151818,0.0004359843,0.0001092723,7.159239e-7,0.00001447763,0.002209176],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3612136,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9993878,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2898470522","doi":"10.60082/2817-5069.3293","title":"Narrating Dignity: Islamophobia, Racial Profiling, and National Security Before the Supreme Court of Canada","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Osgoode Hall law journal","topic":"Law, Rights, and Freedoms","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of Windsor; Bombardier (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Islamophobia; Dignity; Supreme court; Political science; Racial profiling; Law; Racism; Profiling (computer programming); Criminology; Sociology; Gender studies; Politics; Race (biology); Computer science","authors":[{"name":"Reem Bahdi","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01575714510787512,"gpt":0.2622361066063745,"spread":0.2464789614984994,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":["sts"],"category_scores_codex":[0.001947931,0.0001039464,0.0001609344,0.00002104497,0.003039288,0.0001545696,0.0003055288,0.00008702766,0.0002401583],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002507287,0.00007183515,0.00005492891,0.0001087751,0.005163529,0.0002792665,0.00004583003,0.0003018287,0.00000168918],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001569391,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001162885,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.4412566,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9940805,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9980009,0.0002491926,0.000297846,0.0001398087,0.0009696364,0.0003426646],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987719,0.000101659,0.0002461267,0.00008704233,0.0006379615,0.0001552808],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000117611,0.00002329544,0.003318412,0.000006031613,0.00002952585,0.000005861405,0.01554113,0.000001427388,0.00004672386,0.9782152,0.002579239,0.0002213918],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006627237,0.0001441197,0.0004446428,0.00005805642,0.00003041498,0.00007716719,0.009672141,0.0003447566,0.0008067771,0.9447296,0.04280564,0.0002239131],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1291207,0.0002342292,0.0007132477,0.005635268,0.001978901,0.0003437774,0.00007122014,0.00002873757,0.8618739],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9963194,0.00001554237,0.0002249528,0.0003051465,0.002660159,0.000002222533,0.000002502316,0.000008632273,0.0004614824],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8671986,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9982586,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1983004278","doi":"10.2105/ajph.92.3.360","title":"Expressive Freedom and Tobacco Advertising: A Canadian Perspective","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"American Journal of Public Health","topic":"Law, Rights, and Freedoms","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Australian Government; Robert Wood Johnson Foundation","keywords":"Tobacco control; Constitutionality; Legislation; Supreme court; Law; Government (linguistics); Tobacco industry; Politics; Power (physics); Perspective (graphical); Freedom of the press; Advertising; Political science; Business; Public health; Medicine","authors":[{"name":"Christopher P. Manfredi","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04318469929719825,"gpt":0.3080824665984404,"spread":0.2648977673012421,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001403765,0.0001043584,0.0003485612,0.0002929945,0.0007183986,0.0001593741,0.0003006262,0.00004106687,0.0003702306],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005423536,0.00008770304,0.00007562193,0.0005179041,0.007401013,0.0005559372,0.00001591304,0.000262956,0.000009480182],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001085891,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002312283,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.3691144,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.1789998,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9977816,0.0005679941,0.0003475284,0.0001619588,0.0004377246,0.000703221],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9968381,0.0001403315,0.0005139348,0.0001239533,0.0004517646,0.001931894],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006682921,0.0001099832,0.0127047,0.000003443417,0.00008933977,0.00007260009,0.2250137,0.00000259193,0.000003333258,0.4419052,0.01829762,0.3017907],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009685716,0.001251011,0.00877043,0.00007725713,0.00001805627,0.0001515639,0.3378883,0.00007927971,8.232648e-7,0.005168968,0.645244,0.0003817086],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.2579024,0.01123439,0.02082948,0.5967625,0.002406036,0.0006940576,0.00005567992,0.0000944769,0.110021],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9936695,0.001586267,0.001249439,0.002411637,0.0006674585,0.00000136536,2.979107e-7,0.00001126668,0.0004027827],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7357671,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9953003,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W277796166","doi":"","title":"Obscurantism in Action: How the Ontario Human Rights Commission Frames Racial Profiling","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian ethnic studies","topic":"Law, Rights, and Freedoms","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Commission; Racism; Humanities; Sociology; Ethnology; Racial profiling; Political science; Gender studies; Law; Philosophy; Race (biology)","authors":[{"name":"Christopher J. Williams","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1812501406239342,"gpt":0.3840557034588653,"spread":0.2028055628349311,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":["sts"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004571717,0.0001311429,0.000211419,0.0001003731,0.002203265,0.00004508772,0.0002631018,0.0001406847,0.0001063703],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005689714,0.00008806589,0.00006805638,0.0002763513,0.004413657,0.0001786687,0.00002245112,0.0003100921,0.00001325664],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009702968,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004017775,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9215553,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.999817,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986962,0.0001711246,0.0001657418,0.0002170623,0.0002624053,0.0004874309],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993913,0.0001497812,0.00006436068,0.0001713646,0.00008741012,0.0001357381],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005342034,0.00002810361,0.008188278,0.00001380003,0.00006348328,0.00007178116,0.1144335,0.000008397257,0.00004213806,0.8428359,0.02631896,0.007990291],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004899855,0.00003020721,0.1464673,0.00008683324,0.00003859255,0.000001623165,0.01650104,0.000003370275,0.0001682095,0.09409705,0.7417509,0.0003648766],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7670411,0.03888533,0.0001092401,0.03116078,0.005845566,0.00167275,0.0000263177,0.0001911651,0.1550678],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9598686,0.0001736349,0.00003374473,0.0001135956,0.0009550594,0.00002939484,0.000004988653,0.000007671934,0.03881338],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7487389,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9990957,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W376257457","doi":"10.14264/240277","title":"Computer-assisted reporting and freedom of information","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"dissertation","venue":"The University of Queensland","topic":"Law, Rights, and Freedoms","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Contempt; Journalism; Freedom of information; Government (linguistics); Politics; Political science; Freedom of the press; Currency; Law; Public relations; Economics","authors":[{"name":"Stephen Lamble","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0170786353740355,"gpt":0.2370141036910268,"spread":0.2199354683169913,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005139487,0.00006694129,0.0002089294,0.00006499871,0.000369181,0.00001427903,0.000152785,0.0001407019,0.00004319537],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006342624,0.00005682413,0.00005947321,0.0001037539,0.001910539,0.0001702674,0.00001314392,0.00008825561,0.00000203716],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002363725,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001290471,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003939369,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004239341,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992743,0.00009351588,0.0002589907,0.0000704475,0.0002113596,0.00009141896],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984033,0.00007076559,0.001196073,0.0001129644,0.0001834069,0.00003355455],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003363217,0.0001145348,0.0121154,0.0008063793,0.0003857132,0.00002482694,0.4782349,0.00006995431,0.00009382133,0.457903,0.01572437,0.03419077],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005065532,0.0005268311,0.1581444,0.001602034,0.001404502,0.0000246235,0.4001186,0.0008569534,0.0004183968,0.01686676,0.4134658,0.001505531],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8238732,0.0002368341,0.008194448,0.0002347719,0.0008490514,0.0004662272,0.00003661745,0.00004295102,0.166066],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9738886,0.0007912258,0.002351409,0.00002782032,0.0001464213,1.507102e-7,0.0002968762,0.000009820244,0.02248772],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4410362,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7039459,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2217014079","doi":"10.60082/2817-5069.1446","title":"Using the Charter to Stop Racial Profiling: The Development of an Equality-Based Conception of Arbitrary Detention","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Osgoode Hall law journal","topic":"Law, Rights, and Freedoms","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of Windsor","funders":"","keywords":"Racial profiling; Charter; Criminology; Rationality; Reasonable suspicion; Profiling (computer programming); Law; Racism; Offensive; Political science; Pretext; Sociology; Race (biology); Politics; Gender studies; Operations research; Computer science; Engineering","authors":[{"name":"David M Tanovich","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1401032799816692,"gpt":0.3488697523661616,"spread":0.2087664723844924,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001881362,0.00008636329,0.0001451318,0.00003352007,0.001341909,0.00007980703,0.0003218493,0.0000716862,0.0002284892],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002774043,0.00005009327,0.00009501658,0.0001393093,0.001776716,0.0002606233,0.00001741817,0.0001805151,0.000005382911],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007397727,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001328736,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006723417,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01067098,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981403,0.000493026,0.0004354357,0.0001135343,0.0005848533,0.0002328625],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991986,0.00005968135,0.0003094793,0.0001407387,0.0001883617,0.0001031921],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005090351,0.0001966173,0.0003932612,0.00001343924,0.00003694335,0.000001968686,0.04577607,0.0001768981,0.009460346,0.936262,0.00002012206,0.007611502],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0118195,0.002165805,0.005195074,0.001396516,0.0009179306,0.0001129446,0.1220544,0.03010861,0.3204549,0.412552,0.09007695,0.003145435],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6897985,0.000218178,0.2320056,0.001916499,0.001247406,0.0008804396,0.00001360515,0.00004027656,0.07387956],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9905834,0.000005093073,0.008596103,0.0002089915,0.0005176063,0.000003975377,0.000001832802,0.000007500524,0.00007551167],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.52371,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999582,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4246440081","doi":"10.5688/ajpe7958","title":"Minutes of the 2019 House of Delegates Sessions July 14-17, 2019 Chicago, Illinois","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education","topic":"Law, Rights, and Freedoms","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"University of Toronto; Northeast Ohio Medical University; University of Texas at Tyler; National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities; Midwestern University; Wilkes University; Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey; Idaho State University; University of South Carolina; University of Oklahoma; University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy; Touro University California; University of Pittsburgh; University of Arizona; University of Georgia; Oklahoma State University; University of Connecticut; University of Southern California; Creighton University; National Association of Chain Drug Stores Foundation","keywords":"Gerontology; Medical education; Medicine; Library science; Family medicine; Computer science","authors":[],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01780870085772078,"gpt":0.3463865205908346,"spread":0.3285778197331138,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007232426,0.0001126685,0.0003440639,0.0001062398,0.0001423258,0.0000233967,0.0005474719,0.00005636154,0.0004134069],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000277778,0.00007187211,0.0002226769,0.0005445948,0.005459999,0.0002776127,0.00003663193,0.0003160796,0.0000339559],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007557636,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001319191,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000368338,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000163362,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981132,0.00036366,0.0005521248,0.0001294864,0.0005906645,0.0002508452],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9976805,0.0004422963,0.0008793127,0.0002110715,0.0005539869,0.0002328111],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007367981,0.005660244,0.1033751,0.0001673,0.000796037,0.000003319777,0.07551686,0.0004592914,0.06919338,0.1137982,0.3840634,0.2462301],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002713891,0.001448789,0.03059807,0.0008542912,0.001012208,0.00006524616,0.0324547,0.0002066234,0.06469306,0.009835287,0.8552129,0.0009049776],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9831197,0.001384576,0.0005130165,0.008455589,0.002733169,0.0003215125,0.00002352639,0.00001585657,0.003433027],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9944752,0.0008874781,0.0006608955,0.0005320937,0.0004620165,0.000001603045,0.000001322667,0.00001529536,0.002964076],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4711494,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9972466,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2514596130","doi":"","title":"Democratic Communication and the Library as Workplace","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Information Ethics","topic":"Law, Rights, and Freedoms","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Democracy; Censorship; Intellectual freedom; Politics; Intellectual property; Human rights; Sociology; Civil liberties; Law; Sustenance; Civil society; Political science; Law and economics","authors":[{"name":"Stephen Michael Carney","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02076115615811365,"gpt":0.2936539790936085,"spread":0.2728928229354949,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00403602,0.00003742356,0.0000840049,0.0000474078,0.0006744518,0.0002257768,0.0002007469,0.0001176066,0.00008672551],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001879598,0.00002215545,0.00003756535,0.0001453901,0.003143498,0.002842973,0.00001420944,0.0005332666,0.00001636823],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001922317,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004148295,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001258402,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000146973,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985847,0.0006245264,0.000338712,0.00001492201,0.0003616524,0.00007548572],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981433,0.00110398,0.0004145526,0.00009254445,0.0001879679,0.00005768769],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001808684,0.000003816603,0.0001171497,0.000005817661,0.000007387055,1.398166e-7,0.06658744,0.00002077541,1.503141e-7,0.9292438,0.003299895,0.0006955478],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008719534,0.00002379733,0.00007882028,0.00005496352,0.00001862725,0.00002424422,0.01949123,0.00009470691,0.00002353075,0.4735352,0.5057258,0.00005712613],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.01287033,0.002330441,0.07558388,0.1521708,0.0009231546,0.0004096944,0.000001634572,0.00004586527,0.7556642],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9725894,0.0117194,0.004451052,0.008190871,0.0001429333,0.000002053721,0.000002074589,0.000004679632,0.002897577],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9597191,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995694,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2283748176","doi":"10.3233/978-1-61499-057-4-199","title":"Reduction to Absurdity: Reasonable Expectations of Privacy and the Need for Digital Enlightenment","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"IOS Press eBooks","topic":"Law, Rights, and Freedoms","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Absurdity; Enlightenment; Reduction (mathematics); Internet privacy; Computer security; Political science; Computer science; Philosophy; Epistemology; Mathematics","authors":[{"name":"Ian Kerr","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04002363597138207,"gpt":0.2719208503193032,"spread":0.2318972143479212,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002588491,0.000153279,0.0002730033,0.00004448141,0.0003709067,0.0001190164,0.0002257536,0.0001657458,0.00002183923],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005160033,0.0001074317,0.0001265565,0.000005805707,0.00320902,0.0001323936,0.00007783718,0.00008690776,0.000005362568],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005350724,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000703856,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002237093,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003073707,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989418,0.00002723865,0.000247326,0.0002196826,0.0003396382,0.0002242644],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991027,0.000174141,0.0001933291,0.0002722491,0.0001362912,0.0001212987],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006836068,0.0000104356,8.130785e-7,0.00002008274,0.00006483195,2.558656e-7,0.02798629,2.676479e-7,0.00001402395,0.955184,0.002134034,0.01451658],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004694198,0.00003407881,0.000001025215,0.00006253266,0.0001049581,0.000001970848,0.0009791487,0.000002020184,0.0002470751,0.1110122,0.8869182,0.0001673538],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.00021534,0.001323742,0.001520674,0.0004037996,0.000618961,0.002091511,0.000128004,0.00005245496,0.9936455],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.1230054,0.000162355,0.0003227621,0.00002789179,0.001411887,0.0002383415,0.000019376,0.00003655083,0.8747755],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8847842,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995037,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2618770897","doi":"","title":"The FTC, the Unfairness Doctrine, and Privacy by Design: New Legal Frontiers in Cybersecurity","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of business & technology law","topic":"Law, Rights, and Freedoms","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Doctrine; Computer security; Internet privacy; Business; Law and economics; Political science; Law; Computer science; Economics","authors":[{"name":"Stuart Lloyd Pardau","is_ca":false},{"name":"Blake Edwards","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01478628708310893,"gpt":0.2676936259134297,"spread":0.2529073388303208,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":["sts"],"category_scores_codex":[0.001364707,0.0001277374,0.0002927473,0.00009587309,0.002119744,0.0004187385,0.001664727,0.0002641146,0.00000700942],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005354176,0.00006892753,0.00005344036,0.000325871,0.02034528,0.000757712,0.0001547966,0.000491576,0.000001548205],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008023612,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003320255,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001424304,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001482301,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987171,0.0001204078,0.0003436917,0.000147876,0.00030984,0.0003610687],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985623,0.000124591,0.0005612547,0.0004344466,0.000238779,0.00007862307],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007294447,0.00004429943,0.005613206,0.000003607895,0.00004293883,0.000056788,0.0009575851,0.00000342363,0.00005707904,0.9549322,0.01689096,0.02132498],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001081136,0.00004130161,0.002412369,0.0000476019,0.0000430507,0.00006445837,0.001604288,0.00001581763,0.0002664693,0.2982437,0.6960276,0.0001521163],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.2194585,0.01821812,0.1725526,0.5719795,0.007136524,0.001183653,0.000006436517,0.00017369,0.009290967],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9953971,0.00258835,0.0008693561,0.0001342711,0.0003411254,0.000003445491,1.500654e-7,0.00000951119,0.0006566833],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7759386,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9991794,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W74659616","doi":"10.1177/009885881303900202","title":"Commercial Speech Law and Tobacco Marketing: A Comparative Discussion of the United States and Canada","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"American Journal of Law & Medicine","topic":"Law, Rights, and Freedoms","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Constitution; Commercial speech; Law; Argument (complex analysis); Tobacco industry; Statement (logic); Political science; First amendment; Legislation; Constitutional amendment; Tobacco control; Supreme court; Medicine; Public health","authors":[{"name":"Micah L. Berman","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01775470523960748,"gpt":0.284094942793462,"spread":0.2663402375538545,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006971776,0.00008426959,0.000360351,0.00002748786,0.0003041762,0.00001718304,0.0001788672,0.00001761387,0.00009036424],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008677755,0.00003594668,0.00002307494,0.0001940563,0.01875045,0.0001093419,0.00002692377,0.0001566658,1.457103e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004672598,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001447443,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.8861066,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.7314528,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985502,0.0004573614,0.0003088202,0.00007245267,0.0004491109,0.000162104],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985776,0.0004772835,0.0004457382,0.00008046938,0.0002251151,0.0001937972],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007278237,0.0002367264,0.2009241,0.00005856676,0.0004691075,0.0000687145,0.2158705,0.00001747421,0.00114525,0.4480462,0.07767265,0.05476285],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003328651,0.001605649,0.08648717,0.001090647,0.0002873206,0.0001099465,0.2867463,0.00007217201,0.0003516474,0.007011491,0.6124653,0.0004437959],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9682859,0.0001402929,0.00003291488,0.02455555,0.0002105257,0.0001170064,0.000004087768,0.000002617281,0.006651141],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9970483,0.0002301674,0.00008614888,0.002252497,0.0002336938,5.889856e-7,0.000001183847,0.000003985271,0.0001434908],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5347926,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9839199,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2277668868","doi":"10.3138/9781442682337-017","title":"Is Privacy a Casualty of the War on Terrorism?","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"University of Toronto Press eBooks","topic":"Law, Rights, and Freedoms","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Terrorism; Internet privacy; Information privacy; Accountability; Government (linguistics); Privacy by Design; Face (sociological concept); Computer security; Privacy policy; Personally identifiable information; Business; Political science; Computer science; Law; Sociology","authors":[{"name":"Lisa M. Austin","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03968678878748014,"gpt":0.2435374770285415,"spread":0.2038506882410613,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014408,0.0001836785,0.0003376094,0.00001741547,0.0003896854,0.000007533517,0.001018446,0.0003654154,0.001009954],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000009477525,0.000157685,0.0003183883,0.00000159086,0.005727279,0.00009054243,0.0002183336,0.0001670596,0.000006065904],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003111503,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001746075,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.1519441,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.05720975,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987298,0.00006477236,0.0001578403,0.0002707139,0.0005678969,0.0002090329],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987783,0.00005699451,0.0003678771,0.0005544346,0.0001435218,0.0000988899],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006976983,0.0000291247,0.00001451854,0.00003548695,0.000128787,0.0000131583,0.096411,6.028332e-7,0.000006402533,0.8850483,0.01504252,0.003200326],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003188362,0.00005378413,0.00001737933,0.0001512178,0.0001199953,4.01028e-7,0.0005521566,0.000001877304,0.00006731902,0.003886577,0.9946514,0.0001790954],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.00009895313,0.0004133998,0.00009300231,0.00008306572,0.0003356196,0.0003752929,0.00009385325,0.000029283,0.9984775],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.007722992,0.0007364395,0.00004056495,0.00004626988,0.0001620039,1.236332e-7,0.000002032077,0.00001459475,0.991275],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9796088,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999033,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1556840283","doi":"10.22230/cjc.2011v36n1a2252","title":"Interpreting Privacy on Campus: The Freedom of Information and Personal Privacy and Ontario Universities","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Communication","topic":"Law, Rights, and Freedoms","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Wilfrid Laurier University","funders":"","keywords":"Legislation; Privacy laws of the United States; Privacy policy; Information privacy; Political science; Internet privacy; Privacy law; Information privacy law; Personally identifiable information; Public relations; Academic freedom; Sociology; Higher education; Law; Computer science","authors":[{"name":"Martin Dowding","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02244158160507998,"gpt":0.2281310398738215,"spread":0.2056894582687415,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007097693,0.00004126009,0.00007798529,0.0001068313,0.0004719311,0.00004716383,0.0003529685,0.00003543291,0.00005332425],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008864329,0.00003126242,0.00002180075,0.00005689734,0.002289932,0.0005977081,0.00002572916,0.0001612627,6.005549e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002556013,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001324929,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.2891669,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.5795607,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994233,0.0001671343,0.0001911294,0.00002579554,0.0001079808,0.00008461107],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992063,0.00010624,0.0002763768,0.0001354639,0.0001546519,0.0001209775],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000019077,0.000007590288,0.03008947,0.000002405056,0.00001973086,7.502845e-7,0.8848011,0.000001648507,9.735918e-7,0.08226515,0.0001646658,0.002627468],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001174492,0.0005860231,0.2350172,0.0003686492,0.0001081659,0.00003114284,0.5846483,0.0001360858,0.00002622194,0.01568432,0.1619824,0.0002370869],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9865108,0.0002387599,0.0002710854,0.000918989,0.00007693964,0.00009644809,0.000003369119,0.000002085091,0.0118816],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994313,0.00007114959,0.0002934443,0.00006126968,0.00001801013,3.271079e-7,9.364881e-7,0.000001699691,0.0001218815],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3001528,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8437349,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1991352347","doi":"10.1089/elj.2005.4.282","title":"Divergent Disclosure: The Value of Uniformity in State Campaign Finance Disclosure Laws","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Election Law Journal Rules Politics and Policy","topic":"Law, Rights, and Freedoms","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Stuart Olson (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Campaign finance; Political science; State (computer science); Law; Politics; Corporate governance; Value (mathematics); Economics; Management; Computer science","authors":[{"name":"Grant Davis-Denny","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0101467802105041,"gpt":0.2803441252298888,"spread":0.2701973450193847,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":["sts"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007859874,0.0001202496,0.0001823421,0.00008815683,0.001435053,0.000115767,0.0002003577,0.00007873203,0.00002936471],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007723959,0.00007925172,0.00008967952,0.0002751913,0.002885151,0.0003010893,0.00003252424,0.0003059529,0.000005386177],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002352373,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002909985,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01839077,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02999448,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998422,0.0002723191,0.0003562302,0.0001168711,0.0003403724,0.0004922351],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993208,0.00009789188,0.0001943091,0.0001153959,0.0001090604,0.000162525],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008947967,0.00005974219,0.002649743,0.000005496922,0.0000155822,0.000001683969,0.007272165,0.0001329787,0.000008749287,0.986874,0.0003190018,0.002651863],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005181635,0.000125562,0.009733496,0.00003902872,0.00002254803,0.00003694804,0.0009817652,0.0001275647,0.0003114219,0.5131931,0.4747078,0.0002026049],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9562382,0.0009291997,0.001203014,0.01449562,0.0004497402,0.0002310761,0.00008569982,0.00002180187,0.02634568],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9916042,0.003918504,0.00007612933,0.0004240589,0.001438888,0.000002709228,0.000001631524,0.000009265288,0.002524588],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4743888,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998649,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2039599175","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1481289","title":"The Right to Pass Freely: Circulation, Begging and the Mobile Self","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Law, Rights, and Freedoms","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Begging; Circulation (fluid dynamics); Business; Political science; Law; Mechanics; Physics","authors":[{"name":"Nicholas Blomley","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.003992351942040596,"gpt":0.2404815077640867,"spread":0.2364891558220461,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00418352,0.00009277081,0.000119689,0.00003338078,0.003357479,0.0003039334,0.00039995,0.00005581178,0.00002002418],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007865801,0.00004632998,0.00007884976,0.0002161369,0.001513324,0.0001922682,0.00001670725,0.0006614177,0.00001499805],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004261495,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000863894,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000116749,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003239833,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9975958,0.0002851999,0.0001978753,0.0001344152,0.0003851619,0.001401521],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993474,0.0002035486,0.0000993903,0.0001459176,0.00009271968,0.0001110289],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001603422,0.00001236707,0.0002592705,2.398157e-7,0.00003355893,9.93128e-7,0.005576842,0.00002082677,0.000009704372,0.9803343,0.0002759296,0.01345996],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005299703,0.00007318962,0.0004079023,0.000004838957,0.0000275925,0.00004648996,0.003297694,0.00006068175,0.000005786946,0.8506535,0.144796,0.00009638698],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.5200215,0.04095231,0.1424377,0.2299694,0.002887842,0.003239214,0.00000469826,0.0004957209,0.0599916],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.991181,0.00550549,0.00002741886,0.0004407717,0.001012364,0.000007850434,2.716657e-7,0.000006561719,0.001818326],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4711595,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99794,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2282413001","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780195372472.003.0014","title":"Identity Cards and Identity Romanticism","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"","topic":"Law, Rights, and Freedoms","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"National identity; Exceptionalism; Political science; Romance; Identity (music); Comity; Law; Media studies; Sociology; Politics; Aesthetics; Art; Literature","authors":[{"name":"A. Michael Froomkin","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03049302457046606,"gpt":0.2918854809929738,"spread":0.2613924564225078,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004275067,0.0002276708,0.0003963163,0.00009884601,0.0008652997,0.0002446012,0.0004029363,0.0004957635,0.002305028],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003694812,0.0002015416,0.0001871498,0.00003936578,0.0114854,0.0009910127,0.0001445312,0.0002452817,0.0004367573],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001019568,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001771159,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004051883,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02476698,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9980702,0.00003561534,0.0002667902,0.0004031701,0.0009102531,0.0003139188],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991869,0.00005346748,0.0001284048,0.0002816351,0.0001367237,0.0002128169],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000001561557,0.000007178961,0.00009396081,0.00001180341,0.00004405027,0.00004902145,0.001526101,2.772303e-8,8.031986e-7,0.9812298,0.01646321,0.0005725158],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001303947,0.00001383752,0.000155212,0.00002588795,0.00006500533,0.000006291396,0.00008635737,9.304782e-7,0.000001555471,0.3340077,0.6652151,0.0002917467],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.0002309668,0.00154079,0.004072307,0.0002026918,0.001249648,0.000255548,0.000019497,0.0001438412,0.9922847],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.01542605,0.01104166,0.0001224608,0.0001742166,0.001200946,0.000002467287,0.000009052962,0.00002801593,0.9719951],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6487519,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.998607,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2426990485","doi":"10.1017/s0898030616000178","title":"Deliberating Surveillance Policy: Congress, the FBI, and the Abuse of National Security Letters","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Policy History","topic":"Law, Rights, and Freedoms","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Political science; Computer security; National security; Criminology; Internet privacy; Public administration; Law; Computer science; Sociology","authors":[{"name":"William Bendix","is_ca":false},{"name":"Paul J. Quirk","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01554753593477804,"gpt":0.2721080591219914,"spread":0.2565605231872134,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002239277,0.00006930459,0.0001791607,0.00009745194,0.0003085673,0.00001999449,0.0003215891,0.00004475073,0.00002551765],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001173026,0.00003067198,0.0001049794,0.000103968,0.01162533,0.0002169558,0.00001868957,0.0001232674,0.000001853633],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005952163,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009913987,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001638228,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009549398,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984465,0.0004522215,0.0003220843,0.00006679695,0.0005431488,0.000169232],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981129,0.000882749,0.0005352076,0.00009613533,0.0002964249,0.00007654192],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004150222,0.00001755546,0.0005152803,0.000004558716,0.00004087798,0.000001743827,0.03630836,0.000003104247,0.0004384551,0.9109424,0.05122115,0.0004649946],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002037264,0.00002901911,0.001067527,0.00005700313,0.00001656807,0.00002843976,0.000694242,0.00001433777,0.00004701062,0.05431737,0.9415609,0.0001303199],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4887177,0.02067243,0.002402683,0.3613355,0.004592102,0.0006487162,0.00008480182,0.00005222434,0.1214938],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9922084,0.001182255,0.00002852596,0.002604036,0.002915979,0.00000127962,9.253191e-8,0.000006182493,0.001053279],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8903397,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9910645,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W938569533","doi":"","title":"Rethinking Baker: A Critical Race Feminist Theory of Disability","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Appeal: Review of Current Law and Law Reform","topic":"Law, Rights, and Freedoms","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Citizenship; Immigration; Appeal; Supreme court; Poverty; Sociology; Political science; Critical race theory; Law; Duty; Criminology; Gender studies; Racism","authors":[{"name":"Alyssa Clutterbuck","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0759723442374994,"gpt":0.3736639926635501,"spread":0.2976916484260507,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004517423,0.0001479252,0.0005725748,0.000008561201,0.0002760433,0.00002692751,0.0003009649,0.00009225908,0.00006593398],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003609757,0.00009645239,0.0001683314,0.0001509903,0.02191016,0.0002413163,0.00009722618,0.0001884015,0.00000669179],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001133134,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001193635,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007465855,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007326653,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9978513,0.0004030316,0.000600766,0.0002531591,0.0005858666,0.0003059116],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986976,0.0002599481,0.0002018496,0.0003585538,0.0002144698,0.000267512],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000161667,0.0001343554,0.0001332512,0.003647979,0.00001024791,5.217511e-7,0.002945624,6.581375e-9,8.524131e-7,0.9811239,0.0001955342,0.01179156],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001889191,0.00006668812,0.000009343089,0.003534412,0.0000673856,0.000001799363,0.000427955,9.903725e-7,0.00002620844,0.2651578,0.7303914,0.0001270871],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.001592861,0.2401771,0.0006188568,0.003417452,0.001200488,0.000885095,0.00005691216,0.00008420376,0.751967],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.966382,0.03223012,0.0001263817,0.0008349386,0.000270937,0.00001744313,0.00001238243,0.00001191609,0.0001138999],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9647892,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9807516,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3122095553","doi":"","title":"The Legislature, The Executive and The Courts:The Delicate Balance of Power or Who is RunningThis Country Anyway?","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Dalhousie law journal","topic":"Law, Rights, and Freedoms","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Legislature; Balance (ability); Executive power; Power (physics); Law; Separation of powers; Political science; Legislation; Law and economics; Economics; Politics; Psychology","authors":[{"name":"A. Wayne MacKay","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0129962240398342,"gpt":0.2663511772989537,"spread":0.2533549532591196,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":["sts"],"category_scores_codex":[0.002686978,0.0001690968,0.0002540292,0.00001503861,0.00610991,0.0005821837,0.001110324,0.000123902,0.0001556309],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001756501,0.00005578452,0.0001326445,0.0002851038,0.02180529,0.0002716625,0.00009435866,0.0006884707,0.000008243283],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004258217,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001758141,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001517054,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004755495,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9976202,0.0005012137,0.0003728964,0.000175191,0.0008122424,0.0005182073],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9976928,0.001084541,0.0004145584,0.0004012646,0.0002922372,0.0001145717],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000303617,0.00002528354,0.0007568679,0.000001772787,0.000116982,0.00002141518,0.03710863,0.000003270237,0.00001046175,0.8896868,0.07115628,0.0008086496],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008091525,0.00004215431,0.0004103899,0.00003108512,0.00006163192,0.0001740033,0.007324319,0.00005927688,0.00001792395,0.0411319,0.9498233,0.0001149252],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.06401253,0.03390044,0.00340708,0.1975635,0.005067253,0.002242088,0.0001822938,0.0001464815,0.6934783],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9555966,0.01943207,0.00004398007,0.008688017,0.001511345,0.00001457014,0.000001024732,0.00002838061,0.01468404],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.891584,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.995184,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}