{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":662,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":1,"predictions_cover":662,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12"},"query_hash":"06b58ebeb1d6","filters":{"topic":"Metal Forming Simulation Techniques"}},"results":[{"id":"W2103455855","doi":"10.1016/j.actamat.2007.03.007","title":"The Portevin–Le Chatelier (PLC) effect and shear band formation in an AA5754 alloy","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Acta Materialia","topic":"Metal Forming Simulation Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":301,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; General Motors of Canada","keywords":"Portevin–Le Chatelier effect; Materials science; Necking; Shear band; Digital image correlation; Deformation bands; Dynamic strain aging; Deformation (meteorology); Strain rate; Shear (geology); Ultimate tensile strength; Strain (injury); Composite material; Plasticity; Metallurgy; Microstructure","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008065299015947292,"gpt":0.2452053585706505,"spread":0.2371400595547032,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007490469,0.0001005906,0.0001103618,0.00006333516,0.00005918037,0.0001123041,0.00008188034,0.00007000409,0.00002519922],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002182579,0.00007649333,0.00001328304,0.00006318434,0.00001868888,0.0004850456,0.00001539577,0.00005159805,0.000008648331],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002768944,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000002280174,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003256087,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003960929,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993929,0.0000298514,0.0002283119,0.00008200265,0.00008653937,0.0001803544],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997233,0.00002656489,0.00002929098,0.0001695461,0.00001225673,0.00003908567],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008145834,0.00001338649,0.001042006,0.0001489158,0.00001209009,0.000008425795,0.0005592029,0.00002538032,0.984926,0.001349068,0.001093655,0.01074041],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004359812,0.00009922218,0.02651669,0.00003808614,0.000007176496,0.00001439341,0.00002662466,0.002655036,0.9476192,0.0007947827,0.02159148,0.000201336],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9981228,0.00004074995,0.0001909582,0.00002584977,0.0005548177,0.0002387252,0.000002373512,0.0002151949,0.0006085098],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995067,0.00003336533,0.000254926,0.00001430767,0.00005767958,0.00001203741,0.00001796354,0.00002152299,0.00008148407],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03730682,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3119307,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2035952529","doi":"10.1016/j.ijplas.2006.10.005","title":"Forming of AA5182-O and AA5754-O at elevated temperatures using coupled thermo-mechanical finite element models","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Plasticity","topic":"Metal Forming Simulation Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":221,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Materials science; Finite element method; Anisotropy; Plasticity; Plane stress; Isotropy; Constitutive equation; Aluminium; Yield (engineering); Forming limit diagram; Composite material; Forming processes; Metallurgy; Thermodynamics; Sheet metal; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01701675995813137,"gpt":0.2552684777512597,"spread":0.2382517177931283,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002127703,0.0001201463,0.0002102177,0.0001964096,0.00003065406,0.00002859018,0.0001628565,0.00006065931,0.00005197031],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009496065,0.0001054181,0.0000729022,0.00006310455,0.00002655241,0.0002653819,0.0000506295,0.0001517102,5.717883e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000154655,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001879426,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002915766,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008904848,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987398,0.00001660561,0.000609828,0.00007417029,0.0004437872,0.0001158383],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991149,0.0002124753,0.0002445756,0.00004741828,0.000338188,0.00004239563],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001092062,0.00004094678,0.0007404369,0.00002378228,0.0001399559,0.00001979601,0.00005303474,0.4353005,0.5592937,0.00406334,0.0000563732,0.0001589461],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004419171,0.00004541305,0.0005216076,0.0001056872,0.00002723946,0.00006672057,0.000007266825,0.7534614,0.2398862,0.005280842,0.00006792452,0.00008782514],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.840515,0.00006774274,0.1589965,0.00001015192,0.000229183,0.00005460872,0.00002079439,0.00003045998,0.00007559857],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9915952,0.00002493992,0.008202838,0.00001263793,0.0001275294,8.294385e-7,0.000005449541,0.0000164995,0.00001407151],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3194074,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4298826,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2056286600","doi":"10.1016/j.actamat.2008.02.027","title":"Visualization by X-ray tomography of void growth and coalescence leading to fracture in model materials","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Acta Materialia","topic":"Metal Forming Simulation Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":203,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; European Synchrotron Radiation Facility","keywords":"Coalescence (physics); Void (composites); Materials science; Nucleation; Mechanics; Composite material; Thermodynamics; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01101853338110175,"gpt":0.2435862205321537,"spread":0.2325676871510519,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001059137,0.0001267293,0.000220887,0.0001721063,0.00002380585,0.00002599088,0.000092319,0.0000894316,0.00003630222],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002700062,0.0001304588,0.00001385492,0.0001615959,0.00002434794,0.0002491597,0.00002447915,0.00002992312,0.000002547092],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001517796,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004231214,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005513657,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001710101,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993056,0.00002139565,0.0002928855,0.0001317901,0.0001089061,0.0001394225],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997615,0.000007619711,0.00004648125,0.000120257,0.00002336496,0.0000407323],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001309213,0.000009255716,0.0007110517,0.0001282801,0.0000042946,7.776842e-7,0.0003945704,0.0004068812,0.9962432,0.0002740182,0.001802891,0.00001162786],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001251224,0.00002161566,0.001572013,0.00006616861,0.000003980105,0.000001840616,0.000006168757,0.001811804,0.9956543,0.0004108083,0.0001800886,0.0001461165],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9893581,0.00002203888,0.009917652,0.00001522247,0.0002236432,0.0001979118,0.00004648719,0.0001716167,0.00004735246],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9973302,0.00005534529,0.002430322,0.00004951771,0.00001885642,0.0000156529,0.00003684436,0.00002901839,0.000034245],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.007972123,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5319956,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2055827059","doi":"10.1016/j.actamat.2007.12.035","title":"Experimental investigation of void coalescence in metallic sheets containing laser drilled holes","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Acta Materialia","topic":"Metal Forming Simulation Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":191,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Materials science; Void (composites); Coalescence (physics); Ultimate tensile strength; Composite material; Mechanics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02659631790341677,"gpt":0.2454473387256891,"spread":0.2188510208222724,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001232128,0.0001191098,0.0002191462,0.0001082172,0.00002369964,0.00001388942,0.0001057078,0.00006504251,0.0001295554],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002283795,0.0001240212,0.00002782166,0.000101608,0.00007723602,0.0002739734,0.00002643441,0.00004548899,0.00001086125],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004657984,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001024769,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000505924,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002701136,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999278,0.00003329069,0.0003204058,0.0001108498,0.0001249203,0.0001325512],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997241,0.0000119381,0.00005731347,0.0001516125,0.00001934782,0.00003563388],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001614332,0.000008667937,0.002195954,0.00003367797,0.000008080608,0.000004464327,0.0007491076,0.00004303173,0.9964479,0.0002906076,0.0001827,0.00001968202],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003105119,0.00003339495,0.006948042,0.00005298997,0.000003535068,0.000005446594,0.00005625561,0.0006685096,0.9914681,0.0001692195,0.0001595839,0.0001243769],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9988693,0.00004128867,0.0000504171,0.000007098064,0.0004224179,0.0001658928,0.000005863874,0.0002145942,0.0002231117],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982015,0.00001254654,0.001621039,0.0000155618,0.00002743761,0.00002396662,0.00002398325,0.00002391667,0.00004997128],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.00497975,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5057439,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1987652390","doi":"10.1016/j.ijplas.2003.11.012","title":"Experimental investigation of the biaxial behaviour of an aluminum sheet","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Plasticity","topic":"Metal Forming Simulation Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":188,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Materials science; Cruciform; Plasticity; Anisotropy; Finite element method; Phenomenological model; Aluminium; Composite material; Mechanics; Structural engineering; Mathematics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01560276156856587,"gpt":0.2674829110639784,"spread":0.2518801494954125,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001546961,0.00006672023,0.0001255999,0.0001088113,0.00001383111,0.00001726603,0.0005029478,0.00004027789,0.0000383292],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009501289,0.00005244091,0.00006986796,0.00006671249,0.00006545377,0.0003600103,0.00005338007,0.000109059,5.559518e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001038409,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005096621,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004570406,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000007006769,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990216,0.00001999188,0.0004499143,0.00004366096,0.0004129215,0.00005184014],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993375,0.00003804047,0.0002793141,0.00006195399,0.0002445662,0.00003865715],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009906426,0.0001844113,0.01418233,0.00001499814,0.0001208484,0.000007508759,0.001044648,0.09094654,0.8870472,0.005788443,0.0000915772,0.0004724528],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004882083,0.0001184426,0.03394355,0.00009188466,0.00001361054,0.00003280265,0.0000427858,0.001706934,0.9605295,0.002973961,0.00001100096,0.00004733882],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9946933,0.00001030651,0.004371072,0.00002546967,0.0006948443,0.00005843403,0.00002158702,0.00001326976,0.0001117292],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9948588,0.000001120594,0.005019391,0.00001221675,0.00009322674,9.630116e-7,0.000002295765,0.000008547423,0.000003465062],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0892396,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2138478,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W562980700","doi":"10.1201/9781420030693","title":"Roll Forming Handbook","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"book","venue":"","topic":"Metal Forming Simulation Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":175,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Delta-Q Technologies (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Psychology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.009381802999871224,"gpt":0.2127791286054019,"spread":0.2033973256055307,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008136997,0.0002663077,0.0002843326,0.0001904788,0.00002857653,0.00002943673,0.0001679663,0.0003342236,0.001588535],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000007204138,0.0002602648,0.0001263406,0.00002841958,0.00001481419,0.0001456875,0.00003054901,0.0002717167,0.0006944176],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002418151,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003537225,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":8.621503e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000693636,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991624,0.000002643172,0.0003032328,0.0001449959,0.0001862259,0.0002004506],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995413,0.00003564987,0.00003708333,0.0002992149,0.00002766032,0.00005902489],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000023467,0.000005126222,0.000001314367,0.0002792512,0.0001067594,0.000006656376,0.0000683969,0.001476726,0.0001943106,0.04437397,0.8526484,0.1008367],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00007337996,0.00000983761,4.493308e-7,0.0001434067,0.00002024453,0.000004314141,4.421185e-7,0.005891451,0.00471229,0.0212352,0.9675968,0.0003122168],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.000004531677,0.001420423,0.01250183,0.000003898896,0.0002003883,0.0002310042,0.000006883976,0.002676663,0.9829544],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0002055966,0.0001816219,0.01237741,0.00006190324,0.0004195954,0.00001723673,0.00005866784,0.0001221272,0.9865558],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1149483,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999985,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2096177274","doi":"10.2320/matertrans.45.2316","title":"Stored Energy and Taylor Factor Relation in an Al-Mg-Mn Alloy Sheet Worked by Continuous Cyclic Bending","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS","topic":"Metal Forming Simulation Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":173,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Light Metal Educational Foundation","keywords":"Misorientation; Materials science; Alloy; Bending; Deformation (meteorology); R-value (soils); Metallurgy; Composite material; Strain energy; Shape factor; Structural engineering; Thermodynamics; Geometry; Physics; Microstructure; Mathematics; Finite element method","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01010762336048846,"gpt":0.228814056683242,"spread":0.2187064333227535,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001066449,0.0001633302,0.0002296659,0.0001721459,0.00007195608,0.00008383432,0.00006433392,0.000131228,0.0002656738],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000006213016,0.0001808869,0.0000274974,0.0001294059,0.00001673957,0.0004852907,0.000002451249,0.00007005058,0.000003137567],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001448714,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000005162759,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002632868,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001807736,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999128,0.00003785183,0.0003554721,0.0001811123,0.000102901,0.0001946465],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997029,0.0000240441,0.00004195987,0.0001481052,0.00001450777,0.0000684932],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001618538,0.00003467361,0.00004816272,0.00002056972,0.00001709034,0.000001991905,0.0003518667,0.009151608,0.9876603,0.0002172398,0.0000400208,0.002440327],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001146346,0.00009811133,0.003203937,0.0000861006,0.00003402798,0.000009768156,0.00007453707,0.003434441,0.9864071,0.001306642,0.003690243,0.000508759],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8867521,0.00005326055,0.1119325,0.00005552945,0.0003371801,0.0001566021,0.0001046373,0.0005570516,0.00005112075],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9970881,0.0000534906,0.002532464,0.00002544436,0.0000249147,0.00005777146,0.00009931116,0.00004808199,0.00007037484],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.110336,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7376354,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2000443461","doi":"10.1016/s0007-8506(07)60407-7","title":"Single Point Incremental Forming and the Forming Criteria for AA3003","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"CIRP Annals","topic":"Metal Forming Simulation Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":157,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Atsumi International Scholarship Foundation; U.S. Department of Energy","keywords":"Formability; Sheet metal; Incremental sheet forming; Forming processes; Single point; Point (geometry); Mechanical engineering; Computer science; Structural engineering; Engineering drawing; Engineering; Mathematics; Materials science; Manufacturing engineering; Metallurgy; Geometry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03819288342638753,"gpt":0.2942677036726976,"spread":0.25607482024631,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005182864,0.0001272453,0.0001716166,0.00007074876,0.0001352572,0.00008451966,0.0000922867,0.00005136695,0.00002595647],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006559087,0.0001005483,0.00007491159,0.00006958377,0.00005282285,0.0002871844,0.00003203743,0.0000572027,0.00000333645],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002511346,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000348234,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002798053,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001041734,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992647,0.00001415508,0.000275783,0.0001136436,0.00009857304,0.0002331451],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996068,0.0001227972,0.00004472219,0.000152114,0.00004330031,0.00003022314],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003008349,0.000115378,0.0004677798,0.001064957,0.000229056,0.000008407734,0.002631882,0.0007218341,0.472211,0.1876086,0.06193547,0.2727048],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001797377,0.0001070848,0.0003703157,0.0001263773,0.000045152,0.00002955768,0.0001740207,0.08349627,0.6707239,0.1663838,0.07625838,0.0004877365],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8934911,0.001318024,0.08712295,0.0004073546,0.0003275732,0.001126195,0.00003298691,0.0007480609,0.01542574],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9928567,0.00001293728,0.006520413,0.0001557476,0.0001496292,0.00004671319,0.00001797484,0.00003255581,0.0002073086],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2722171,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4100241,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2018471419","doi":"10.1115/1.1839212","title":"The Effect of Tool–Sheet Interaction on Damage Evolution in Electromagnetic Forming of Aluminum Alloy Sheet","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology","topic":"Metal Forming Simulation Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":157,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Ford Motor Company","keywords":"Conical surface; Electromagnetic forming; Materials science; Forming limit diagram; Parametric statistics; Aluminium; Alloy; Die (integrated circuit); Limit (mathematics); Computer simulation; Composite material; Metallurgy; Structural engineering; Sheet metal; Mechanics; Engineering; Physics; Nanotechnology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.002891019795027516,"gpt":0.2107317271900002,"spread":0.2078407073949727,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005498663,0.0001120858,0.0003101523,0.0004819267,0.000013862,0.00001123862,0.0001157476,0.0001167854,0.000006617634],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000185226,0.00008386283,0.00003315569,0.0001740826,0.0000192876,0.0001429852,0.00002028088,0.0001587116,3.575358e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001077419,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004917651,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000003888233,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001642379,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991216,0.00001803729,0.0005723678,0.00005485997,0.0000938576,0.0001392782],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995337,0.0001208188,0.0001773961,0.0001160418,0.00003865045,0.00001335894],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003659961,0.00000641237,0.0002158887,0.0001175566,0.00002239439,0.000001750059,0.00001832101,0.01340523,0.9808217,0.001390115,0.00001332667,0.003950733],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000348583,0.0009583008,0.001953885,0.0002209699,0.00001709217,0.00004742347,0.0000085867,0.009007402,0.9868095,0.0003086676,0.0002428019,0.0000767756],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9987909,0.0002574347,0.0004740559,0.00005023661,0.0002361536,0.0001071489,0.000001303434,0.00006092013,0.00002180551],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998568,0.0001236035,0.001238447,7.239939e-7,0.00004161967,0.00000552088,4.905248e-7,0.00001668088,0.000004924859],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.005987839,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3419827,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2025562530","doi":"10.1243/095440503321148858","title":"A review of conventional and modern single-point sheet metal forming methods","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part B Journal of Engineering Manufacture","topic":"Metal Forming Simulation Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":154,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Forming processes; Spinning; Sheet metal; Metal forming; Mechanical engineering; Shear (geology); Materials science; Roll forming; Deformation (meteorology); Material flow; Incremental sheet forming; Single point; Point (geometry); Computer science; Engineering drawing; Engineering; Computer simulation; Composite material; Geometry; Simulation","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03309351504852531,"gpt":0.297188587417082,"spread":0.2640950723685567,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001891666,0.0005393559,0.002408043,0.0004760405,0.00002851787,0.00001427054,0.0005596258,0.0004087006,0.00002304595],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009975226,0.0003904242,0.001096371,0.0004391924,0.00008187999,0.0003833868,0.0001005402,0.0008813145,2.366165e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001630607,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008393748,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":4.226161e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.140932e-8,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9966335,0.00002869596,0.002320294,0.0001972189,0.0005650004,0.0002552857],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9975559,0.0001875831,0.001475714,0.0001948088,0.0004506859,0.0001352915],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"systematic_review","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000029371,0.0001941324,3.902919e-7,0.6646517,0.002838743,0.000003605891,0.0001163834,0.02657072,0.009418273,0.04760124,0.001312198,0.2472633],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006009978,0.0003017244,4.93338e-7,0.2607566,0.00356877,0.0007872841,0.00001476956,0.01008039,0.09231938,0.002005936,0.6287037,0.00085991],"study_design_candidate":"systematic_review","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0000933515,0.9277205,0.07053915,0.0000127766,0.0008594821,0.0005597185,0.00003287696,0.00006172324,0.0001203693],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.001763857,0.9416924,0.05633,0.00001260309,0.00009082855,0.00001597189,0.000005617159,0.00007657158,0.000012202],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6273915,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998547,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2063313684","doi":"10.1243/0954405042418400","title":"Wall thickness variations in single-point incremental forming","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part B Journal of Engineering Manufacture","topic":"Metal Forming Simulation Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":153,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Single point; Point (geometry); Double layered; Incremental sheet forming; Path (computing); Sheet metal; Materials science; Tool path; Thinning; Metal forming; Geometry; Computer science; Composite material; Computer simulation; Mathematics; Metallurgy; Simulation","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01113251451960758,"gpt":0.2083224352054902,"spread":0.1971899206858826,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006357464,0.0002319507,0.0004260568,0.0003996647,0.00003146976,0.00001828054,0.0004308494,0.0001935383,0.00001044664],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004107645,0.0001874017,0.0002155238,0.0004172148,0.00003574788,0.0005977306,0.00005663139,0.0005608186,5.901293e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003425281,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004031322,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000006570514,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001529913,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982026,0.000003871684,0.0009868458,0.0001086782,0.0004662323,0.0002317979],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992146,0.00004803643,0.0003281126,0.0001104338,0.0002148348,0.00008397567],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002193895,0.00007459745,0.00002420672,0.0003477513,0.0000765275,0.000001604212,0.0003007987,0.7022714,0.2466158,0.04996477,0.00004032336,0.0002602579],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009158707,0.0001346641,0.0002281047,0.001144507,0.00006428918,0.00009059957,0.00006582354,0.01916024,0.9724219,0.004792084,0.000749291,0.0002326457],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8873124,0.0001669012,0.1104054,0.0002332822,0.001102598,0.0003444797,0.000008632937,0.0001505577,0.0002757918],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9818029,0.00003294802,0.01803053,0.00001460433,0.00007931243,0.000005354608,0.000001233569,0.00002920731,0.000003889505],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7258061,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7642018,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2042785872","doi":"10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2012.08.004","title":"Path independent forming limits in strain and stress spaces","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Solids and Structures","topic":"Metal Forming Simulation Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":152,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"University of Windsor; Ford Motor Company","keywords":"Formability; Forming limit diagram; Cartesian coordinate system; Diagram; Stress (linguistics); Compatibility (geochemistry); Stress–strain curve; Strain (injury); Limit (mathematics); Structural engineering; Deformation (meteorology); Mathematics; Computer science; Materials science; Geometry; Mathematical analysis; Engineering; Composite material; Statistics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01265340091891024,"gpt":0.2738202180207057,"spread":0.2611668171017955,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001548721,0.00007572856,0.0001091639,0.0001767831,0.0000136014,0.00005472829,0.00008625973,0.00004655046,0.00002104067],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002881053,0.00006121138,0.00002207523,0.00002453438,0.00001859027,0.0003760701,0.00001881309,0.0001412514,1.356032e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002693451,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000005531434,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000005611584,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000006630546,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994158,0.000009165184,0.0002279413,0.00003789121,0.0002086592,0.0001005228],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997609,0.00003256272,0.00007105184,0.00002785262,0.00004958274,0.00005809596],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001137114,0.00007157983,0.4444959,0.0002270773,0.0004474477,0.0001088097,0.00955337,0.004663836,0.0511483,0.06459616,0.0003458876,0.424228],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001409105,0.0001298873,0.9010023,0.0003905198,0.00003043595,0.0007730283,0.001139736,0.00464328,0.04511458,0.04222085,0.002726653,0.0004196685],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9973634,0.001193827,0.0006212305,0.00003823552,0.000384865,0.00003048144,0.00002355821,0.00001312323,0.0003312236],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.997501,0.0002685164,0.001978858,0.00002255346,0.0002108263,5.322483e-7,0.000002200781,0.00000756387,0.000008006508],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4565064,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2496128,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2094692082","doi":"10.1243/095440505x32210","title":"Forming limit diagrams for single-point incremental forming of aluminium sheet","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part B Journal of Engineering Manufacture","topic":"Metal Forming Simulation Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":150,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Aluminium; Single point; Forming processes; Pyramid (geometry); Limit (mathematics); Point (geometry); Incremental sheet forming; Cone (formal languages); Materials science; Forming limit diagram; Geometry; Mathematics; Mathematical analysis; Metallurgy; Composite material; Algorithm","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01454152561953014,"gpt":0.2170481548455981,"spread":0.2025066292260679,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008059072,0.0003097141,0.0006452064,0.0003390985,0.00004345072,0.00001721412,0.0005331213,0.000228635,0.00001178429],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000600032,0.0002493475,0.0004636638,0.0002664159,0.00005595119,0.0007196993,0.00007631937,0.0004032099,3.120999e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002023582,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002928153,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000001306682,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":5.808936e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9976578,0.000003618013,0.00135668,0.0001370589,0.0005327929,0.0003119994],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985884,0.0001229248,0.0006368125,0.0001447921,0.0003899355,0.0001171761],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008393604,0.0001008637,0.00001614157,0.001249343,0.000240229,4.547839e-7,0.0002935173,0.3544519,0.6234439,0.01616258,0.0004195441,0.003537587],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006387363,0.0002683988,0.00001882137,0.0007864275,0.000129009,0.00005025294,0.00008564795,0.06111899,0.9325941,0.0004563126,0.003638333,0.00021496],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8810016,0.0003719772,0.1160211,0.0001456603,0.001236696,0.0006847812,0.00003546246,0.0001684061,0.0003343139],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9621298,0.00004988665,0.03748124,0.00001241461,0.0002557123,0.00001182964,0.000002804717,0.00004723856,0.000009069935],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3091502,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999959,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2073673264","doi":"10.1016/j.actamat.2005.08.045","title":"On the sequence of inhomogeneous deformation processes occurring during tensile deformation of strip cast AA5754","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Acta Materialia","topic":"Metal Forming Simulation Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":137,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; General Motors of Canada","keywords":"Necking; Digital image correlation; Materials science; Ultimate tensile strength; Slip (aerodynamics); Deformation (meteorology); Shear (geology); Scanning electron microscope; Fracture (geology); Composite material; Microstructure; Electron backscatter diffraction","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01957826220703229,"gpt":0.2359851241687678,"spread":0.2164068619617355,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001647607,0.0001149923,0.0001459259,0.00009534541,0.00004612923,0.00002766033,0.0001461032,0.0000566967,0.0000684233],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008522944,0.00008750787,0.00002563209,0.0001521942,0.00002456809,0.0004749958,0.00002568593,0.00005019262,0.00001338328],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006725532,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001383601,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002059488,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000006059927,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991997,0.00001284071,0.0004135658,0.00006895014,0.0001756238,0.0001293215],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994906,0.0000186237,0.0001609327,0.0002074397,0.000103318,0.00001911503],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003127281,0.00001978209,0.000177211,0.001060078,0.00002125276,6.747624e-7,0.0009872047,0.008420719,0.9873474,0.0009607679,0.0001387352,0.0008348728],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001026857,0.00002529841,0.0004925095,0.0001408635,0.000008829738,0.00001495486,0.00004023352,0.007473367,0.9911116,0.0002698477,0.0002241887,0.00009558621],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9987977,0.00001309047,0.0001861762,0.00001354342,0.0002167448,0.0002180082,0.00004238733,0.0001797648,0.0003326531],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992692,0.0000117623,0.0005939534,0.00001214462,0.00004117551,0.00001626917,0.00002120258,0.00001693206,0.00001729836],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.003764206,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3568467,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1995673330","doi":"10.1016/j.cirp.2010.03.016","title":"Single point incremental forming at high feed rates and rotational speeds: Surface and structural consequences","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"CIRP Annals","topic":"Metal Forming Simulation Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":132,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Surface roughness; Materials science; Single point; Surface finish; Microstructure; Rotational speed; Composite material; Grain size; Geometry; Metallurgy; Mechanics; Mathematics; Mechanical engineering; Engineering; Physics; Computer simulation","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0293293735502752,"gpt":0.2839205503486757,"spread":0.2545911767984005,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001677047,0.0001199814,0.0001319665,0.00005077265,0.00011118,0.00007207401,0.00005240183,0.00005920943,0.0001583757],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005552902,0.000113882,0.0000187066,0.00005339834,0.0001321525,0.0003239613,0.00003958894,0.00009720612,0.000004865212],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000168341,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006704357,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003862471,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003801713,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994051,0.00001091995,0.0001827009,0.0001284424,0.000119999,0.0001528104],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996881,0.00007352335,0.00004213391,0.00008205874,0.00004583826,0.00006826934],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008551428,0.000003093524,0.006563476,0.00003733438,0.0000230257,0.000002594326,0.0002591459,0.0001541148,0.9866639,0.002843712,0.0002131191,0.003227977],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002317232,0.00004452908,0.02224059,0.00002493183,0.000008422935,0.00005777919,0.00006547078,0.006549165,0.9531826,0.01679718,0.0005713676,0.0002261896],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9986192,0.0002351077,0.00006023089,0.000143211,0.000148265,0.0001474227,0.00002266401,0.0001776471,0.0004462393],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9943047,0.00001640179,0.005452304,0.00005340042,0.00003929054,0.000002977039,0.00002417231,0.00001501186,0.00009179813],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03348121,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4643974,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3175625381","doi":"10.1016/j.ijplas.2021.103059","title":"A new ANN based crystal plasticity model for FCC materials and its application to non-monotonic strain paths","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Plasticity","topic":"Metal Forming Simulation Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":113,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Ministère de l'Économie, de l’Innovation et des Exportations du Québec","keywords":"Materials science; Crystal plasticity; Monotonic function; Plasticity; Strain (injury); Composite material; Mathematical analysis; Mathematics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.014647672701842,"gpt":0.274840845323565,"spread":0.260193172621723,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000167869,0.0001299406,0.0002109188,0.0001582333,0.00002708764,0.00007471727,0.0001809544,0.00007041778,0.00004848054],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004274648,0.000133239,0.00006186222,0.00006657684,0.000007437843,0.0002172591,0.00003359771,0.0001002224,0.00000348315],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001225245,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001428967,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000002913806,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000009556272,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989486,0.00001293298,0.0004690034,0.0001260759,0.0003117229,0.0001316754],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989451,0.0002240465,0.0001416343,0.00004819368,0.0004994678,0.0001416018],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001167073,0.00002866486,0.00002386573,0.00003783606,0.00006280436,0.000007448873,0.00008542946,0.2940641,0.7025713,0.0009777324,0.0003992294,0.001624916],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004730071,0.00005024078,0.0005724504,0.00006736434,0.00002147179,0.00002163024,0.000004916212,0.683174,0.3136445,0.001644663,0.0002267913,0.00009900262],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3672515,0.000009031631,0.6320276,0.00007679413,0.0002008,0.0001251182,0.0002539025,0.00002950162,0.00002567662],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9524193,0.000005443592,0.04719062,0.00007871806,0.0002197526,0.00001338486,0.00001692695,0.00002038629,0.00003539445],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5851678,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5433327,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2884737304","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2018.07.031","title":"An experimental and simulative study on the defects appeared during tow steering in automated fiber placement","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Composites Part A Applied Science and Manufacturing","topic":"Metal Forming Simulation Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":111,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Blisters; Materials science; Process (computing); Fiber; Finite element method; Deposition (geology); Composite material; Structural engineering; Mechanical engineering; Computer science; Engineering; Geology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01618610734706523,"gpt":0.2751304914551942,"spread":0.258944384108129,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000376115,0.0001755154,0.0001453473,0.0001808211,0.0003848004,0.00017178,0.0001725427,0.00002734736,0.00001463785],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000005975739,0.0001387734,0.000009466613,0.0001572909,0.0001914176,0.0002472699,0.0001245894,0.0001069987,0.000007639369],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009301154,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006377663,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000004090072,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003730048,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989273,0.00001769243,0.0001785078,0.0003195365,0.0002752398,0.0002817332],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995998,0.00006043833,0.00002890617,0.0002153728,0.00001557748,0.00007989405],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003259501,0.00007271866,0.0005857137,0.000016967,0.00000923995,0.000002689203,0.005055997,0.01325096,0.9804922,0.000127639,0.000006428389,0.0003468633],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003328391,0.000169141,0.02856592,0.00003400142,0.000003712213,0.000001561156,0.001011443,0.07105398,0.8985956,0.000031446,0.00003049328,0.0001698251],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9973857,0.00001863437,0.00004209674,0.000003299868,0.00004365849,0.0006900009,7.455236e-7,0.0005058715,0.001309998],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996569,7.898918e-7,0.0002043316,0.00001994476,0.00002743777,0.00006562808,7.764415e-7,0.00001625215,0.000007949027],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.08189655,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5659016,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1994815249","doi":"10.1115/1.2137751","title":"Tensile-Shear Forces and Fracture Modes in Single and Multiple Weld Specimens in Dual-Phase Steels","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering","topic":"Metal Forming Simulation Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":107,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"McMaster University","keywords":"Materials science; Dual-phase steel; Ultimate tensile strength; Spot welding; Shear (geology); Composite material; Welding; Fracture (geology); Deformation (meteorology); Metallurgy; Microstructure; Martensite","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01208504065691669,"gpt":0.2373553560270714,"spread":0.2252703153701547,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005510043,0.0001254464,0.0002092825,0.0005009085,0.00004149102,0.0001161047,0.00006475316,0.00005349836,0.000003561609],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009955253,0.0001177415,0.00001605504,0.0001343199,0.00005533444,0.0009495954,0.0000333627,0.0002472206,2.044438e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000856131,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009217296,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001272451,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001506772,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991049,0.000004444153,0.0003145596,0.0001243842,0.0002191466,0.0002325468],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996763,0.00007864278,0.00004858373,0.00006917119,0.00002597405,0.0001012945],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001163776,0.00002772841,0.0007581098,0.00009956646,0.000007509401,0.00004623663,0.001121111,0.8505384,0.1324178,0.00002132389,0.00001595094,0.01493459],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001001306,0.0001041588,0.031087,0.0003306698,0.000007418671,0.0002695631,0.0002013798,0.3638727,0.6010305,0.0001318497,0.001701743,0.0002616501],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9979567,0.0006775478,0.001089423,0.00006122516,0.00005175716,0.00007195492,7.779834e-7,0.00003976492,0.0000508809],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9930718,0.0001766051,0.006649683,0.00002059421,0.00006015072,7.079224e-7,1.237544e-7,0.00001299258,0.000007346713],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4866656,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4801357,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2001880410","doi":"10.1243/0954405042323559","title":"Analysis of surface roughness for parts formed by computer numerical controlled incremental forming","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part B Journal of Engineering Manufacture","topic":"Metal Forming Simulation Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":107,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Surface roughness; Surface finish; Materials science; Sheet metal; Shear (geology); Surface (topology); Interferometry; Numerical control; Forming processes; White light interferometry; Composite material; Engineering drawing; Mechanical engineering; Geometry; Optics; Metallurgy; Engineering; Mathematics; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008311120653742777,"gpt":0.2215133286049475,"spread":0.2132022079512047,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006637289,0.0002761539,0.001073635,0.0003222495,0.00003791155,0.00001527737,0.0004281593,0.0001905598,0.000007364562],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002651151,0.000208935,0.0006973906,0.000553683,0.00004287704,0.0003929423,0.00004748238,0.0003017949,1.076042e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000166224,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003250994,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00000354849,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.890928e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9978101,0.000004432057,0.00127649,0.000131238,0.0005236769,0.0002541266],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986363,0.0001270214,0.0006332113,0.0001183848,0.0003808471,0.0001042437],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001387013,0.00006132895,0.00002129318,0.0003684867,0.00109936,2.570786e-7,0.0001031011,0.9115949,0.07928857,0.007009141,0.0001477361,0.0001671401],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002462454,0.000221498,0.00005791213,0.0003556265,0.0008485443,0.000009763618,0.00002923758,0.2746546,0.7201369,0.0004280078,0.0005888225,0.0002065549],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.5413918,0.0001382107,0.4574504,0.00004582122,0.0004734705,0.0003856547,0.00003619389,0.00006079045,0.00001764054],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9760304,0.00002983001,0.02381172,0.00001011267,0.00006927374,0.0000090359,0.000006903708,0.00002881895,0.00000392237],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6408484,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.852012,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1978220760","doi":"10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2012.04.021","title":"The effects of anisotropic yield functions and their material parameters on prediction of forming limit diagrams","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Solids and Structures","topic":"Metal Forming Simulation Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":102,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; General Motors of Canada","keywords":"Yield (engineering); Forming limit diagram; Limit (mathematics); Yield surface; Materials science; Aluminium; Anisotropy; Diagram; Mathematics; Thermodynamics; Metallurgy; Mathematical analysis; Statistics; Physics; Finite element method; Optics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01046602975311983,"gpt":0.2277586561272275,"spread":0.2172926263741077,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000806546,0.00006456292,0.000103764,0.0000763651,0.00003045021,0.00002149251,0.0000694855,0.00003735657,0.000009439796],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001089694,0.00003859965,0.00004095185,0.00002039796,0.00004318048,0.0001434757,0.00001424842,0.00007438933,4.50114e-8],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001342276,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000003385818,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000003681234,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":8.212599e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995364,0.00001079373,0.0002315827,0.00002817414,0.0001291028,0.00006393949],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994728,0.0002682979,0.0001238698,0.00004166683,0.00006465645,0.00002873434],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005901908,0.00009405939,0.03126488,0.0004466067,0.001765045,0.000004620594,0.003746043,0.0023519,0.440332,0.03482712,0.00232725,0.4822502],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006677606,0.000867338,0.1227061,0.0004172039,0.00007543331,0.0001468127,0.0003248944,0.001930441,0.8484596,0.02179234,0.002458585,0.0001534679],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9971038,0.0002808157,0.001154371,0.00001589398,0.001271274,0.00004768074,0.00004229823,0.00001031197,0.00007351554],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992093,0.0002361267,0.0003578205,0.000007286961,0.0001729761,0.000001516944,0.000002790571,0.000005909438,0.000006303251],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4820968,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1574048,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2028785599","doi":"10.1016/j.ijplas.2010.02.007","title":"A new crystal plasticity scheme for explicit time integration codes to simulate deformation in 3D microstructures: Effects of strain path, strain rate and thermal softening on localized deformation in the aluminum alloy 5754 during simple shear","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Plasticity","topic":"Metal Forming Simulation Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":102,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; General Motors of Canada","keywords":"Materials science; Electron backscatter diffraction; Plasticity; Strain rate; Deformation (meteorology); Microstructure; Simple shear; Finite element method; Composite material; Shear (geology); Geometry; Mechanics; Structural engineering; Mathematics; Engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.005973240493158743,"gpt":0.2443465260466732,"spread":0.2383732855535144,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005877966,0.0001906088,0.0002728563,0.0004286683,0.00004093126,0.00008559555,0.0002485022,0.0001159297,0.00001794246],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001081769,0.0001497856,0.00007106682,0.0001305278,0.00002620872,0.0005704752,0.00002811278,0.0003924103,0.000001280536],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001070395,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000416464,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002886419,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001035239,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984837,0.00006853328,0.0007751264,0.0001126833,0.0003721796,0.0001877958],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985119,0.0008826513,0.0002840301,0.00006389707,0.0001885949,0.00006896544],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004351678,0.000029218,0.0002706281,0.00006989969,0.00003406209,0.000005628809,0.001608314,0.1278656,0.8662208,0.0004051722,0.00001417628,0.00304134],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002631004,0.0003562245,0.04095742,0.0004783974,0.00002280746,0.00004452424,0.00015644,0.5421451,0.4112194,0.001739787,0.00002549121,0.0002233494],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8561122,0.000003363251,0.1432038,0.00002926549,0.0001603073,0.0003726463,0.00008334799,0.00002507053,0.00001000158],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9857298,0.000002251702,0.01405703,0.00003725467,0.0001115095,0.00001002528,0.00003209703,0.00001819546,0.000001894515],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4550013,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6108081,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1964814164","doi":"10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2010.12.004","title":"On crystal plasticity formability analysis for magnesium alloy sheets","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Solids and Structures","topic":"Metal Forming Simulation Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":100,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université de Sherbrooke; McMaster University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Formability; Forming limit diagram; Materials science; Plasticity; Sheet metal; Magnesium alloy; Metallurgy; Texture (cosmology); Crystal plasticity; Dislocation; Forming processes; Composite material; Alloy","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.00789604476820354,"gpt":0.2673669505393231,"spread":0.2594709057711195,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001387743,0.00009011552,0.0001603546,0.0002450004,0.00002970736,0.00005939524,0.0001648393,0.00006252981,0.0001284141],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000146218,0.00007031186,0.0001352208,0.00005096896,0.00003298049,0.0001570617,0.0000142431,0.0001758294,1.850657e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002066757,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009450848,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000002984305,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001230369,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993146,0.000005622987,0.0002927441,0.0000650073,0.0002388845,0.00008314659],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994469,0.0001279324,0.00009138484,0.00005325681,0.0002246838,0.00005580732],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0014812,0.0001840617,0.03486175,0.0002709434,0.005104235,0.00004627124,0.001429655,0.2089107,0.4322012,0.2302101,0.002385773,0.08291408],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002219481,0.0006238452,0.3465044,0.00002979719,0.0005704928,0.0001987729,0.00005773334,0.1881185,0.1311163,0.3246295,0.005311431,0.0006196584],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9780763,0.00001097193,0.02073444,0.00005055567,0.0006946157,0.00005214853,0.00004080539,0.00002770245,0.0003124238],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9931437,0.000004237321,0.00651592,0.00003814994,0.0002746072,0.000001571037,0.000004748046,0.000007729843,0.000009324527],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3116427,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2867234,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2959584677","doi":"10.1007/s10704-019-00361-1","title":"The third Sandia fracture challenge: predictions of ductile fracture in additively manufactured metal","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Fracture","topic":"Metal Forming Simulation Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":98,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph; Natural Resources Canada","funders":"Air Force Office of Scientific Research; Southwest Research Institute","keywords":"Electron backscatter diffraction; Fractography; Fracture (geology); Materials science; Calibration; Digital image correlation; Fracture toughness; Deformation (meteorology); Surface finish; Surface roughness; Structural engineering; Geometry; Forensic engineering; Composite material; Engineering; Microstructure; Mathematics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.006158533501290362,"gpt":0.2512974140043731,"spread":0.2451388805030827,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003709131,0.0002310938,0.0003560541,0.000347995,0.00004113311,0.00005585548,0.0006600372,0.0002643793,0.0006485523],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001687949,0.0001562766,0.0002539339,0.0001296367,0.00005027692,0.0005657443,0.00003490003,0.001068134,0.00001652737],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001561065,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006022451,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001585027,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001662704,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9980525,0.00005362233,0.0007543858,0.0001358468,0.0008087416,0.0001949277],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984092,0.0003715855,0.0004971325,0.0002270757,0.000424461,0.00007060596],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000882782,0.0004961904,0.004892256,0.0001507479,0.003162415,0.0001807393,0.00572433,0.8621298,0.007201967,0.002505241,0.09606998,0.01660354],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001651938,0.0002744573,0.06185256,0.0003766821,0.00009043441,0.0002110823,0.0004466044,0.004193094,0.07484682,0.01313996,0.8424971,0.000419303],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.93072,0.008132081,0.02485142,0.01148983,0.009656408,0.001204027,0.000339856,0.0003490272,0.01325732],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9977781,0.0005196815,0.0005922525,0.0003080786,0.0005233728,0.000005775946,0.00002717545,0.00003387289,0.0002116488],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8579367,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7101192,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2319460255","doi":"10.1007/s10704-016-0089-7","title":"The second Sandia Fracture Challenge: predictions of ductile failure under quasi-static and moderate-rate dynamic loading","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Fracture","topic":"Metal Forming Simulation Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":95,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Natural Resources Canada","funders":"Office of Naval Research; National Nuclear Security Administration","keywords":"Fracture (geology); Consistency (knowledge bases); Structural engineering; Failure assessment; Shear (geology); Fracture mechanics; Range (aeronautics); Computer science; Engineering; Forensic engineering; Materials science; Geotechnical engineering; Artificial intelligence; Composite material; Aerospace engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.007019987082179711,"gpt":0.2569577939458185,"spread":0.2499378068636388,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002501468,0.0001351369,0.0001797625,0.0001561902,0.00006091791,0.00005833251,0.0002377161,0.0001088847,0.000212707],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009089486,0.0000772276,0.00008173671,0.00004887064,0.00005894823,0.0004575244,0.00001967311,0.0002906131,0.000002495188],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001026717,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003166594,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000001761051,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002683854,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990294,0.00003590759,0.000432117,0.00008380613,0.0003020272,0.0001167147],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988759,0.000360858,0.0002727997,0.0001150711,0.0003153783,0.00005995485],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001465539,0.0006892593,0.002111396,0.0006566569,0.009796682,0.0002315821,0.01171536,0.5340245,0.2232992,0.02750118,0.08728121,0.1012274],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005109156,0.0008650571,0.01926025,0.002010099,0.0002993192,0.001116003,0.001550879,0.1300537,0.1698755,0.3356236,0.3330042,0.001232252],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.656674,0.001947514,0.3280833,0.01118837,0.001292222,0.0001852175,0.00009239469,0.000104287,0.0004326695],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9981861,0.0004960712,0.0007618395,0.0001189966,0.0001668272,0.000002723207,0.000002921792,0.00002296142,0.0002415414],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4039708,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.314925,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2003751129","doi":"10.1016/j.cirp.2007.05.064","title":"Forming Limit Curves in Single Point Incremental Forming","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"CIRP Annals","topic":"Metal Forming Simulation Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":94,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Incremental sheet forming; Limit (mathematics); Forming processes; Sheet metal; Single point; Work (physics); Point (geometry); Process (computing); Box–Behnken design; Materials science; Mathematics; Engineering drawing; Mechanical engineering; Computer science; Engineering; Geometry; Mathematical analysis; Composite material; Response surface methodology; Statistics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05327272837526878,"gpt":0.3008652045123446,"spread":0.2475924761370758,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009408243,0.0001518092,0.0001950084,0.0002761723,0.00004385781,0.00002480804,0.0001388181,0.0000785036,0.00008062796],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001202114,0.0001661321,0.00007005633,0.0002615926,0.00001941091,0.0005044648,0.00004151526,0.0001496887,0.00002947613],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009683541,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006281113,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001953895,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000586652,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988125,0.00001021177,0.0004414834,0.0001401632,0.0001954658,0.0004002002],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995652,0.00008081341,0.00004975,0.0001911685,0.00003650231,0.00007658522],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000724916,0.0003474255,0.01650046,0.001888605,0.0001368132,0.000163815,0.003156615,0.001504324,0.491545,0.008428218,0.01408868,0.4621675],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003282628,0.00009443102,0.00560198,0.000835832,0.000009471934,0.00002080563,0.0001860413,0.003594694,0.9695041,0.004484155,0.01486051,0.0004796828],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9587257,0.001616926,0.009954866,0.00008284097,0.0001942151,0.0003208849,0.000004345313,0.0006747928,0.02842546],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9969929,0.0001093258,0.002336238,0.0003197388,0.00006542537,0.00001049098,0.00001362783,0.00003702327,0.0001152307],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4779591,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6774672,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2094426766","doi":"10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2004.09.010","title":"On forming limit stress diagram analysis","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Solids and Structures","topic":"Metal Forming Simulation Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":93,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université de Sherbrooke; McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Forming limit diagram; Limit (mathematics); Path dependent; Diagram; Stress path; Plasticity; Path (computing); Stress space; Materials science; Stress (linguistics); Work (physics); Mathematics; Structural engineering; Finite element method; Mathematical analysis; Physics; Computer science; Composite material; Thermodynamics; Constitutive equation; Engineering; Applied mathematics; Statistics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008122940037820901,"gpt":0.2673186184269422,"spread":0.2591956783891213,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006692745,0.00008477869,0.0001459337,0.0003721821,0.0000235479,0.00006409393,0.0001540793,0.00004221998,0.00002694644],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005105537,0.00006628796,0.0001082342,0.0000887312,0.00001908177,0.0001589465,0.00001373045,0.0001256886,5.068478e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005208393,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009535292,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000007571802,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001051753,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993281,0.000004848808,0.0002568525,0.00005231039,0.0002825434,0.00007529123],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996539,0.00004454166,0.00008693993,0.0000538012,0.0001121722,0.00004860701],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008660873,0.00004358757,0.005226527,0.00003513203,0.003077765,0.0001164851,0.0009972643,0.7237198,0.003806575,0.1775284,0.000221674,0.08514021],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002025807,0.0004255739,0.07239807,0.0002776224,0.0005088975,0.0002448335,0.0001564019,0.01449759,0.1695999,0.7379267,0.001356852,0.0005818055],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9813704,0.0001656654,0.01741218,0.00007123195,0.0003709861,0.00002447339,0.000012421,0.00003406853,0.0005385081],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.996873,0.0001255013,0.002766489,0.00005536788,0.000157422,5.310172e-7,0.000003764888,0.000008061729,0.000009920966],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7092222,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2703145,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2042877841","doi":"10.1016/j.ijplas.2004.08.001","title":"Forming limit comparisons for FCC and BCC sheets","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Plasticity","topic":"Metal Forming Simulation Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":90,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"AUTO21 Network of Centres of Excellence; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Necking; Materials science; Viscoplasticity; Hardening (computing); Plasticity; Crystal plasticity; Mechanics; Strain rate; Slip (aerodynamics); Condensed matter physics; Composite material; Thermodynamics; Finite element method; Constitutive equation; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0203716722482234,"gpt":0.2780076469521434,"spread":0.25763597470392,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001244308,0.00007769293,0.0001341086,0.0001496375,0.00002687627,0.0000405986,0.0001510231,0.00003968422,0.00001656845],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002157169,0.00007218455,0.00006126471,0.00003074122,0.00002077802,0.0002619732,0.00001928487,0.0001146758,0.000002091948],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009854564,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001935196,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000003274626,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005088243,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993274,0.000003646491,0.0003168852,0.00004913754,0.0002126824,0.00009024556],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994243,0.00017031,0.000103783,0.00002826168,0.0002163499,0.00005696477],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007401665,0.0004453181,0.01112059,0.000296649,0.001771789,0.0001304218,0.001827008,0.6797779,0.1001366,0.1270124,0.009089576,0.06765167],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00939751,0.001067851,0.03922764,0.00125612,0.0002740748,0.001269598,0.0002162871,0.2523297,0.5353366,0.09811603,0.06040255,0.001106017],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.5468135,0.00004773758,0.4520433,0.00009578696,0.0005310794,0.00005396578,0.00001460849,0.00004333578,0.0003567254],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9636313,0.00002082191,0.03610508,0.00003023734,0.0001886307,0.000002063161,0.000002015188,0.00001119367,0.000008612792],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4352001,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.29436,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2070672856","doi":"10.1007/s11661-005-0085-4","title":"Effect of asymmetric rolling on the texture and mechanical properties of AA6111-aluminum sheet","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A","topic":"Metal Forming Simulation Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":89,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Formability; Materials science; Alloy; Metallurgy; Aluminium; Ultimate tensile strength; Shear (geology); Texture (cosmology); Deformation (meteorology); Composite material; Grain size","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.009974811434415486,"gpt":0.2097438731100891,"spread":0.1997690616756736,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004734983,0.0001166041,0.000303554,0.00008006892,0.00004632881,0.00002399496,0.00005558076,0.00008280097,0.0001894374],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002447356,0.00006889395,0.00005357123,0.0001232016,0.00006039884,0.00007648583,0.000005292799,0.00007828546,0.00000213015],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000006626067,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000002297263,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001258798,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002242058,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993197,0.00007914369,0.0002829264,0.0001021911,0.0001195012,0.00009651955],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996905,0.0001217693,0.00003513896,0.0001019542,0.00001710376,0.0000334847],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002101475,0.00009053681,8.169601e-7,0.0008381133,0.0001925475,0.000001146033,0.0001588646,0.005867892,0.9448743,0.005061533,0.00001159055,0.04269246],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002375114,0.000202949,0.00002448454,0.00006685218,0.0000808009,0.00001161528,0.000006287446,0.01258179,0.9859136,0.000108746,0.0006831007,0.00008228812],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9816807,0.0002918992,0.01739027,0.00005688722,0.00006500819,0.0002647175,0.00001304616,0.0000866687,0.0001508205],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991663,0.0001803822,0.0005191606,0.00000832612,0.0000220144,0.00003216371,0.000001065221,0.00001360242,0.00005701669],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.04261018,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2809414,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1963983166","doi":"10.1115/1.2969256","title":"Numerical Simulations and Experimental Results of Tensile Test Behavior of Laser Butt Welded DP980 Steels","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology","topic":"Metal Forming Simulation Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":83,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Formability; Materials science; Ultimate tensile strength; Welding; Ductility (Earth science); Dual-phase steel; Softening; Tensile testing; Laser beam welding; Composite material; Butt joint; Metallurgy; Microstructure; Martensite","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01091970114100012,"gpt":0.2342320748245033,"spread":0.2233123736835032,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001014074,0.0001148208,0.0003781345,0.0003335183,0.00001935018,0.000005485921,0.00007343973,0.0001333269,0.00001497181],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001588262,0.0001046665,0.00002590553,0.000147072,0.00006498387,0.00009947202,0.00002852482,0.00009208179,2.201854e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001420224,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007762572,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000003799779,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":7.160986e-8,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991093,0.000005745758,0.0006119681,0.00007036698,0.0000958091,0.0001068564],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995052,0.00008067893,0.0001689657,0.0001131531,0.00009520454,0.00003680425],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001180362,0.00004228235,0.0006817028,0.00004730865,0.00002113122,0.0000127694,0.00004998706,0.005441956,0.9934476,0.0001203612,0.00002626446,0.00009683047],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005173406,0.0002607692,0.002593061,0.00006164437,0.00002009392,0.0002191244,0.00001384944,0.001329372,0.9947031,0.00005225812,0.00014013,0.00008927791],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9989354,0.000273345,0.0004019446,0.00001641648,0.0001382691,0.0000895348,0.00004014639,0.00009181244,0.0000131498],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9931255,0.00006302627,0.006750264,0.000001135526,0.00002719054,0.000003073804,0.000002053663,0.00001989111,0.000007852898],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.006348319,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4268174,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1432079811","doi":"10.1016/j.matdes.2015.09.012","title":"Springback simulation of advanced high strength steels considering nonlinear elastic unloading–reloading behavior","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Materials & Design","topic":"Metal Forming Simulation Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":81,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"General Motors (Canada); University of Windsor","funders":"Canada Research Chairs; Colorado School of Mines","keywords":"Materials science; Nonlinear system; Structural engineering; Isotropy; Plasticity; Hardening (computing); Composite material; Finite element method; Strain hardening exponent; Constitutive equation; High strength steel; Bauschinger effect; Engineering; Layer (electronics); Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04398656825616912,"gpt":0.275511689911328,"spread":0.2315251216551588,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005000419,0.0002424353,0.000413616,0.0001763877,0.00003718998,0.00005886375,0.0001453911,0.000123941,0.0001379798],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000248216,0.0002591097,0.00003814104,0.000154018,0.00003387988,0.0003246614,0.00004166604,0.00007704035,0.00005256708],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001096891,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003109474,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000144049,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":6.113979e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985461,0.00007881535,0.0006426117,0.0002052742,0.0002549955,0.0002722017],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991087,0.0002134591,0.0001561041,0.0002875081,0.0001283111,0.000105926],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002930654,0.00001795855,0.00003886067,0.00007485289,0.0000145753,0.000004486497,0.0001260409,0.5874422,0.4109696,0.0002504121,0.00001374115,0.001017929],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005076411,0.00009936094,0.0002219346,0.000104576,0.0000558082,0.000003115863,0.00002750598,0.04513583,0.9526142,0.0007488613,0.0002100028,0.0002711139],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8975602,0.0000487291,0.1004205,0.000001826094,0.0006803087,0.0004954881,0.00002635072,0.0006803358,0.00008626995],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9099575,0.000004824007,0.08979259,0.000004369007,0.00008083473,0.00004007335,0.00001927894,0.00007021009,0.00003031573],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5423064,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999861,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2007195096","doi":"10.1016/j.msea.2007.11.050","title":"Observation of void nucleation, growth and coalescence in a model metal matrix composite using X-ray tomography","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Materials Science and Engineering A","topic":"Metal Forming Simulation Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":80,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Materials science; Nucleation; Coalescence (physics); Void (composites); Volume fraction; Composite material; Ultimate tensile strength; Plasticity; Slip (aerodynamics); Composite number; Aluminium; Metal matrix composite; Thermodynamics; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01477755650721289,"gpt":0.2388598147060371,"spread":0.2240822581988242,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007496749,0.0000930712,0.0001468758,0.0003769749,0.00003598262,0.00004611285,0.00007815944,0.00003653978,0.000001247318],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004358064,0.00009632947,0.000009265298,0.000485181,0.00007388599,0.0004405407,0.00002751223,0.00003449952,1.647482e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000257858,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008752439,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000399147,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000111868,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992785,0.000003586375,0.0002553863,0.0001221411,0.0001706153,0.0001697058],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997783,0.00001853808,0.00003126894,0.00007636873,0.00005311333,0.00004242944],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003040426,0.000003283614,0.0009168115,0.0001244291,0.000001636722,4.490301e-7,0.0001780853,0.06884912,0.9288923,0.0009422737,2.815868e-7,0.00008828886],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000671503,0.000007985508,0.01492079,0.00005845477,0.000003980658,0.000002406426,0.00001028887,0.4610902,0.5236228,0.0001315178,0.000001439099,0.00008303018],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9535117,0.00007121646,0.04611342,0.000002997384,0.00007278306,0.00009787957,0.000003803626,0.0001134479,0.00001275633],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9495371,0.00001963031,0.0504156,0.00000416622,0.000008921857,0.000001976531,0.000001184888,0.00001049286,9.024041e-7],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4052695,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3928202,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1989963202","doi":"10.1115/1.2969246","title":"Effect of Laser Welding on Formability of DP980 steel","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology","topic":"Metal Forming Simulation Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":79,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Formability; Welding; Materials science; Base metal; Dual-phase steel; Metallurgy; Composite material; Limiting; Heat-affected zone; Laser beam welding; Fracture (geology); Microstructure","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.004918138735441755,"gpt":0.2115169925022165,"spread":0.2065988537667747,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004170045,0.0001107029,0.0004341787,0.0003838982,0.00001210328,0.000002953206,0.00009926087,0.0001314168,0.00001450988],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001786185,0.00008896897,0.000042207,0.0001382385,0.00004082622,0.00008429841,0.00002258894,0.0001117392,3.861461e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001940009,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004914294,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":8.762169e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.071693e-8,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992405,0.00001188881,0.0004940665,0.00005026014,0.0000971211,0.0001061405],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995461,0.00009697606,0.0001494406,0.000125281,0.00005878908,0.00002343352],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003815793,0.00001443836,0.0007483518,0.0006175512,0.00005340163,0.000008141446,0.00002697086,0.008740672,0.9876876,0.0008003871,0.00002406198,0.001240307],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000290857,0.0006440561,0.0009228574,0.0001303839,0.00001482033,0.00008249766,0.00000193197,0.000409252,0.9971067,0.0001855901,0.0001459609,0.00006507235],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.998715,0.0001220082,0.0006799725,0.000008741886,0.0002506405,0.00007816393,0.000004891408,0.0001014075,0.00003916046],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9979283,0.0001093982,0.001914275,7.617318e-7,0.00002548286,0.000002231126,3.702011e-7,0.00001621648,0.00000298849],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.009419162,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3628049,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2063283778","doi":"10.1007/s11665-007-9196-y","title":"Development of Forming Limit Diagrams of Aluminum and Magnesium Sheet Alloys at Elevated Temperatures","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance","topic":"Metal Forming Simulation Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":78,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Materials science; Magnesium; Ductility (Earth science); Metallurgy; Aluminium; Magnesium alloy; Plane stress; Limit (mathematics); Plane (geometry); Reduction (mathematics); FOIL method; Fracture (geology); Composite material; Structural engineering; Creep; Finite element method; Geometry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01173434853149311,"gpt":0.1968718264136798,"spread":0.1851374778821867,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003228454,0.0001383992,0.0003382176,0.0001541844,0.00003986911,0.000009642476,0.00007308547,0.00006434854,0.00001390062],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002401139,0.0001183891,0.00002467071,0.00007105406,0.00002493118,0.0002080277,0.00003041843,0.00007387585,3.36839e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002465358,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001385741,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":9.547563e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.276272e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990316,0.000006191195,0.0006168574,0.0000577102,0.0001552138,0.0001324241],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999617,0.00002780024,0.000157392,0.00007521833,0.00006998763,0.00005262229],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003973965,0.000008340653,0.001486255,0.0009996892,0.00003378923,0.000003507051,0.0006568913,0.004218079,0.99177,0.0000168653,0.00002313488,0.0007437369],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002418162,0.00009492033,0.01730555,0.0001997578,0.00001348478,0.0001798952,0.000008591182,0.003941765,0.9774257,0.000002543694,0.0004615051,0.000124461],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.998979,0.0004661836,0.0002154283,0.000002447848,0.0002181554,0.00006153111,0.000004167265,0.00003994927,0.0000131404],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9844597,0.0006387692,0.01480427,0.000001979842,0.00004863091,0.000002346552,0.000002624173,0.0000207893,0.0000209144],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01581929,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4827767,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2066380506","doi":"10.1016/j.ijplas.2008.10.002","title":"Effects of superimposed hydrostatic pressure on sheet metal formability","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Plasticity","topic":"Metal Forming Simulation Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":76,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université de Sherbrooke; Novelis (Canada); McMaster University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Materials science; Necking; Formability; Forming limit diagram; Hydrostatic pressure; Sheet metal; Hydrostatic equilibrium; Strain hardening exponent; Ultimate tensile strength; Hardening (computing); Plane stress; Plasticity; Finite element method; Composite material; Isotropy; Hydrostatic stress; Mechanics; Thermodynamics; Optics; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008547133272002102,"gpt":0.2376742128530741,"spread":0.229127079581072,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001457112,0.000108905,0.0002339071,0.0001811607,0.00001922749,0.00000825278,0.0002525397,0.00004986534,0.00005600959],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005805049,0.00009271465,0.0001299628,0.0000599405,0.0000533235,0.0002680635,0.00002051477,0.0001867647,0.000004441606],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000593758,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002645475,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000004725912,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":5.618396e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987831,0.00003107938,0.0004848368,0.00006068856,0.0005460561,0.00009431449],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989377,0.0005226948,0.0001595121,0.00005830508,0.0002651099,0.00005663333],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001307004,0.001181343,0.01405257,0.0008733784,0.002681095,0.0004273269,0.002428736,0.3775209,0.5867572,0.006633012,0.002000616,0.004136917],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00113249,0.0004321473,0.04557372,0.0001561839,0.00008328108,0.0001616232,0.000006702921,0.0462244,0.9037215,0.001574546,0.0007779922,0.0001554104],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.987601,0.00005344974,0.01114175,0.00001160489,0.0006261301,0.00008764506,0.00002102041,0.00004485733,0.0004125885],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9981144,0.00002178622,0.001728341,0.00001589226,0.00008817444,0.000001675859,0.00000194238,0.00001210775,0.00001569348],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3312964,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3780794,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1993043780","doi":"10.1520/jte12328j","title":"Ring Hoop Tension Test (RHTT): A Test for Transverse Tensile Properties of Tubular Materials","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Testing and Evaluation","topic":"Metal Forming Simulation Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":75,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Natural Resources Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Tensile testing; Tension (geology); Materials science; Transverse plane; Uniaxial tension; Composite material; Ultimate tensile strength; Structural engineering; Test (biology); Engineering; Geology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1082841450483348,"gpt":0.2780559951867587,"spread":0.1697718501384239,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001272476,0.00009509394,0.0002187124,0.0001412842,0.00005437201,0.00003099803,0.00004784785,0.00005192842,0.00002437114],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004455293,0.0000765185,0.00003874805,0.0001035659,0.00001981671,0.000260263,0.000005806068,0.00006321668,0.000001043718],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003561152,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001152216,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000003459451,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.814554e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990206,0.00002422788,0.000513432,0.00006553358,0.0002753056,0.0001008483],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987096,0.0003344002,0.0002174319,0.00007639518,0.0006275504,0.00003459641],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006690758,0.00002624957,0.0005235272,0.0001962912,0.00001141062,6.350878e-7,0.0001948857,0.003444493,0.9780118,0.000001941138,0.0001473179,0.01743471],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000517105,0.0003223038,0.0009642221,0.0007845889,0.0001089773,0.0000591202,0.00003365663,0.4673988,0.5293948,0.0002949909,0.00003481533,0.00008666862],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9979392,0.0007330768,0.000746494,0.00003838131,0.0001205142,0.0002620499,0.000004551837,0.00005713382,0.00009863382],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9853634,0.00004121552,0.01444955,0.00000561075,0.00009614992,0.00000731126,9.277372e-7,0.00001817321,0.00001762966],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4639543,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5333723,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2022621569","doi":"10.1016/s0020-7683(01)00246-3","title":"Instability and localized deformation in polycrystalline solids under plane-strain tension","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Solids and Structures","topic":"Metal Forming Simulation Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":74,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Necking; Materials science; Plasticity; Crystallite; Deformation (meteorology); Tension (geology); Composite material; Plane stress; Finite element method; Shear (geology); Texture (cosmology); Simple shear; Finite strain theory; Mechanics; Structural engineering; Metallurgy; Ultimate tensile strength; Physics; Engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01530466380320329,"gpt":0.2556027561139287,"spread":0.2402980923107255,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001538182,0.00009164971,0.0001462174,0.0002052698,0.00001907745,0.00004625389,0.00008181301,0.00006634246,0.0000678375],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004759969,0.0000731746,0.00002842933,0.0000426144,0.00004091229,0.0002799542,0.00001848601,0.000156832,2.68811e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004888251,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004447999,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009457574,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001231822,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992331,0.00001742383,0.00038665,0.00005856247,0.0002216116,0.00008261445],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996947,0.00004672148,0.00008335183,0.00004356358,0.00008471806,0.00004693516],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007702988,0.0002399977,0.08174797,0.0004886267,0.0008228463,0.0002887627,0.009819165,0.1132421,0.2660505,0.0657431,0.001808148,0.4589785],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005150037,0.0003596812,0.2927232,0.0003719897,0.00005123912,0.001960567,0.0006627064,0.4410075,0.01764722,0.2341129,0.005199874,0.0007530481],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9946688,0.0004116955,0.004266415,0.0001788981,0.0002057431,0.00004763519,0.00001610639,0.00002501233,0.0001797049],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9976653,0.0002816223,0.001868692,0.00008306945,0.0000810576,4.990466e-7,0.000005493483,0.000007482312,0.000006743779],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4582254,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2983974,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2937792511","doi":"10.1016/j.engfracmech.2019.04.009","title":"Ductile crack growth behaviors at different locations of a weld joint for an X80 pipeline steel: A numerical investigation using GTN models","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Engineering Fracture Mechanics","topic":"Metal Forming Simulation Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":74,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Materials science; Welding; Joint (building); Finite element method; Structural engineering; Bending; Tension (geology); Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution; Base metal; Pipeline (software); Metallurgy; Composite material; Ultimate tensile strength; Engineering; Mechanical engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02565600494135334,"gpt":0.2415694125148777,"spread":0.2159134075735244,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001507408,0.0002965854,0.0003825352,0.0002256177,0.00004550808,0.00002226475,0.000159968,0.0002128019,0.000041528],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006118544,0.0003000142,0.0001208323,0.000189926,0.000006854518,0.0003729087,0.00004101174,0.0002387852,0.00000378238],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002367004,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001528963,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002078823,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003076404,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987025,0.00001564847,0.0004924747,0.0002589143,0.0002582322,0.0002721781],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991595,0.00006491904,0.0001131617,0.0003997564,0.0001314579,0.0001312666],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005496604,0.0000272962,0.00002248176,0.0002389474,0.00001837875,2.062821e-7,0.0002441886,0.8000661,0.1937428,0.00546918,0.00007135438,0.00009355221],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001663687,0.00006918386,0.00004543655,0.00006962071,0.00004514791,0.0000041832,0.00001336819,0.7276846,0.26877,0.002741758,0.0001663663,0.000223996],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4126001,0.00005254632,0.586142,0.00001568757,0.0002942787,0.0004592109,0.00002254741,0.0004063677,0.000007274976],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9554196,0.000008081874,0.04412177,0.00002690239,0.00008629243,0.00005844225,0.0001162762,0.0001204489,0.00004220072],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5428195,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999452,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2727864138","doi":"10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2017.06.018","title":"Failure parameter identification and validation for a dual-phase 780 steel sheet","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Solids and Structures","topic":"Metal Forming Simulation Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":72,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"ArcelorMittal; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Finite element method; Materials science; Sheet metal; Structural engineering; Digital image correlation; Conical surface; Dual-phase steel; Tensile testing; Plane stress; Stiffness; Ultimate tensile strength; Plasticity; Shear (geology); Composite material; Engineering; Martensite","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02065603945792943,"gpt":0.3289742145731057,"spread":0.3083181751151762,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000167048,0.00007743184,0.0001129048,0.0001141938,0.00008553245,0.0003363417,0.0001394406,0.00005132201,0.00001561077],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001761904,0.00006508458,0.00004361297,0.000008626746,0.00004064992,0.0004800289,0.00002083076,0.00007361672,1.72151e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001762883,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006515706,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000002459131,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001750032,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999412,0.000007133186,0.0002824691,0.00006671043,0.000171212,0.00006047549],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993931,0.00005116031,0.000219313,0.00008933451,0.0002081426,0.00003897068],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005284304,0.00008636094,0.005699508,0.0003078308,0.00134947,0.00004598065,0.0023252,0.003868467,0.3827912,0.1130386,0.008892575,0.4810663],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004973348,0.0003732948,0.0584329,0.0002006204,0.0001687456,0.0005787547,0.0001652107,0.05067828,0.4009339,0.4657384,0.01721972,0.0005368813],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.984035,0.0001081804,0.01480972,0.0002993553,0.00053504,0.00009267851,0.0000421193,0.00001989457,0.00005800553],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9926523,0.00007182446,0.006967084,0.00001710429,0.0002382421,0.000003290559,0.00001093225,0.000009808075,0.00002944249],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4805295,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3243351,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2008326670","doi":"10.1007/s12289-014-1205-8","title":"Titanium based cranial reconstruction using incremental sheet forming","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Material Forming","topic":"Metal Forming Simulation Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":71,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council; University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Queen's University Belfast; Queen's University; University College London","keywords":"Incremental sheet forming; Finite element method; Process (computing); Materials science; Deformation (meteorology); Forming processes; Computer science; Structural engineering; Composite material; Engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01359704105179551,"gpt":0.2576372574482279,"spread":0.2440402163964323,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005590571,0.0001462401,0.0002067605,0.0003428554,0.00005708302,0.000121231,0.0002768951,0.00008113786,0.000284717],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008361464,0.0001434772,0.0001161401,0.00006233753,0.00002524979,0.0008855739,0.00003403069,0.0001273698,0.000006311962],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002894288,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002873215,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001597049,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002905797,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986155,0.00002799707,0.0006708739,0.00008306505,0.0004377566,0.0001648049],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993143,0.00004199999,0.0002666941,0.00008236628,0.000233469,0.00006118723],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002408521,0.00002813943,0.0007741855,0.00005930295,0.0001838432,0.00001915252,0.0001087755,0.01195909,0.9188602,0.001692795,0.0001270624,0.06594661],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001102385,0.0001273744,0.000188788,0.0003625532,0.00005280142,0.0007431602,0.00005074405,0.1992171,0.791238,0.003068655,0.003551592,0.0002969096],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9165936,0.000007680555,0.07583748,0.00002235326,0.006345188,0.00006898979,0.00001289102,0.0001013711,0.001010428],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9550875,0.00000483849,0.04351782,0.0000385698,0.001302884,0.000001313915,0.000008648036,0.0000318603,0.000006531196],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.187258,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5850829,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2757382924","doi":"10.1088/1742-6596/896/1/012075","title":"Evaluation of the VDA 238-100 Tight Radius Bending Test using Digital Image Correlation Strain Measurement","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Physics Conference Series","topic":"Metal Forming Simulation Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":70,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Digital image correlation; Necking; Materials science; Formability; Fracture (geology); Bend radius; Bending; Structural engineering; RADIUS; Test fixture; Sheet metal; Composite material; Engineering; Computer science; Mechanical engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1060325105685826,"gpt":0.3071723151352416,"spread":0.201139804566659,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001013746,0.0001119107,0.0001831281,0.00004369315,0.0001558112,0.0002192271,0.0002596944,0.00003931835,0.00002017657],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006038283,0.00008707905,0.00009280994,0.00005604236,0.00009498406,0.002057608,0.00003256462,0.0001615941,9.004478e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001736423,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001657308,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000003206599,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000275569,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984672,0.00003705842,0.0003812638,0.00005913147,0.0009575884,0.00009775362],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9978631,0.00003241349,0.0006102145,0.000248479,0.001216341,0.00002941585],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001933393,0.00006915935,0.002691359,0.0001016897,0.0001670218,0.000001296988,0.001090129,0.03040537,0.6472224,0.008834584,0.00007680456,0.3093209],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004989901,0.0001001601,0.01812865,0.0006212997,0.000240119,0.00001631206,0.0001830105,0.1434706,0.771996,0.06445863,0.00007991212,0.0002063012],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8374609,0.00009654851,0.1566535,0.00009024806,0.0009039107,0.0003337771,0.00004469268,0.00004775501,0.004368664],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9983695,0.000008637995,0.001478554,0.000001388868,0.0001138821,0.00000110709,0.000001269971,0.00001383092,0.00001184178],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3091146,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.355098,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2050891375","doi":"10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2003.09.005","title":"On modeling of the weld line in finite element analyses of tailor-welded blank forming operations","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Materials Processing Technology","topic":"Metal Forming Simulation Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":70,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Welding; Blank; Finite element method; Weld line; Materials science; Structural engineering; Shell (structure); Plane stress; Tension (geology); Tensile testing; Geometry; Composite material; Ultimate tensile strength; Engineering; Mathematics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03520799613377463,"gpt":0.3148366692589258,"spread":0.2796286731251512,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004426909,0.0001113718,0.0003647796,0.0006207332,0.00003738567,0.00001519705,0.0002840912,0.0001336514,0.00001108347],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002595702,0.0000790659,0.00005179492,0.0004098518,0.00004346378,0.000165436,0.00004349144,0.0001667037,3.927821e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000751237,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000597414,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000116645,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008829655,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986211,0.00001780241,0.0009866823,0.00006851563,0.0001760094,0.0001298961],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993232,0.00002254323,0.0003067589,0.0001652347,0.0001688317,0.00001342771],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001482912,0.0000287491,0.000009040159,0.00009368352,0.00001749629,0.000001103352,0.00007549245,0.6331203,0.3650775,0.0009356767,0.000001105208,0.0006250093],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003806153,0.0001263484,0.000007319313,0.0007265707,0.0000268559,0.00001178788,0.00006148117,0.04575331,0.9268214,0.02601499,0.000003937801,0.00006537943],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9500285,0.0001827879,0.0492392,0.0002364589,0.0001138614,0.0001062777,0.000003873527,0.00005748949,0.00003153773],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9813704,0.00004378938,0.01852709,0.00001224857,0.00002248194,0.000004672626,9.09324e-7,0.00001627474,0.000002072269],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.587367,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3224214,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2134086900","doi":"10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2007.07.016","title":"FEM dynamic simulation and analysis of the roll-bending process for forming a conical tube","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Materials Processing Technology","topic":"Metal Forming Simulation Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":70,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Montréal; École de Technologie Supérieure","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Conical surface; Finite element method; Bending; Parametric statistics; Structural engineering; Process (computing); Dynamic simulation; Computer simulation; Engineering; Mechanical engineering; Materials science; Computer science; Simulation; Mathematics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01610122947572721,"gpt":0.331569440970836,"spread":0.3154682114951087,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001070408,0.000121873,0.0004650954,0.0008409002,0.00008086931,0.0000315943,0.0002233544,0.000208175,0.000004503718],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003544735,0.00008953876,0.00008303582,0.0007740319,0.0000845838,0.0002327055,0.00003469334,0.0001256496,6.432032e-8],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006548418,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002803526,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":4.276248e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002659518,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987018,0.00001158755,0.0008419378,0.00009444754,0.0001631316,0.0001871088],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989071,0.000121524,0.0005644046,0.0001236263,0.0002581678,0.00002519881],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001834189,0.0000436825,0.001885389,0.001048686,0.0005456859,0.000003180793,0.0004888407,0.07006601,0.8720077,0.001573591,0.000003253868,0.05215051],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004112427,0.00009640396,0.001673897,0.0002503085,0.000565486,0.00003931176,0.0001428045,0.193198,0.7880625,0.01534596,0.0000719509,0.0001422231],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8896607,0.0002284507,0.1096312,0.00004853555,0.0001404145,0.0001585178,0.000005560085,0.0001116105,0.0000149956],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9931192,0.000008927551,0.006807535,0.00000751698,0.00002481793,0.000004222432,0.000001576406,0.00002199278,0.000004253651],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.123132,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3651285,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2003454799","doi":"10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2004.08.007","title":"Anisotropy and springback in draw-bending of stainless steel 410: experimental and numerical study","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Materials Processing Technology","topic":"Metal Forming Simulation Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":69,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Pratt and Whitney Canada","keywords":"Blank; Lubrication; Materials science; Anisotropy; Clamping; Bending; Finite element method; Work (physics); Composite material; Metallurgy; Die (integrated circuit); Structural engineering; Mechanical engineering; Engineering; Optics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01065143363205178,"gpt":0.2759331675170698,"spread":0.265281733885018,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003317486,0.0001301764,0.0004239789,0.0004828335,0.00003155967,0.00004063454,0.0001317273,0.0001172851,0.000006006263],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005710858,0.0001191218,0.00001398982,0.0001985745,0.00008383712,0.0002402328,0.00007599644,0.0001411713,2.396286e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007993946,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002355668,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000005462007,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":4.194996e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989852,0.00001989731,0.0006065593,0.0001056766,0.0001303542,0.0001522987],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995759,0.00001551044,0.0002388391,0.00008822664,0.00005084314,0.00003066209],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004275661,0.0001232731,0.00327106,0.0001572388,0.00001785445,0.00002877678,0.0006709726,0.0003114889,0.991806,0.001182414,7.284667e-7,0.0023874],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001059452,0.0004432696,0.002845022,0.0002311982,0.00001279648,0.0001048463,0.001169259,0.000158234,0.9888305,0.005015628,0.00001020105,0.0001195929],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9954421,0.0007658034,0.003423729,0.00003164026,0.00008718667,0.0001370011,0.000001025615,0.0001022763,0.000009266942],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9846216,0.00002176299,0.01530502,0.000002948706,0.00002033162,0.000004532025,1.536896e-7,0.00002267075,9.684878e-7],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01188129,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4857646,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2006662205","doi":"10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2004.03.015","title":"An examination of the accumulative roll-bonding process","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Materials Processing Technology","topic":"Metal Forming Simulation Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":69,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Cracking; Materials science; STRIPS; Ductility (Earth science); Ultimate tensile strength; Metallurgy; Shear (geology); Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution; Yield (engineering); Composite material; Carbon steel; Hot rolled; Structural engineering; Engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01446368656358195,"gpt":0.2967038495973229,"spread":0.282240163033741,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005736172,0.0001203439,0.000287382,0.0004153724,0.00006310042,0.00003473592,0.0004287841,0.0001828435,0.00001000526],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001686971,0.00008588297,0.00003448378,0.0004762417,0.0000934218,0.0005341685,0.00002601022,0.0001628736,6.677348e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008874551,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005856496,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":6.084074e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":4.475021e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989333,0.00003024094,0.0006063812,0.00007873359,0.0002159956,0.0001353927],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989385,0.00001299089,0.0005569559,0.0001676035,0.0003025334,0.00002140362],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001417553,0.00004257902,0.00009416739,0.000238835,0.00001916501,0.000002442629,0.0006812331,0.007720101,0.9728202,0.003841531,0.000002447483,0.01452316],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002740849,0.0001024017,0.001075485,0.0003158941,0.00002153063,0.0000680207,0.000146332,0.0002766208,0.9410837,0.05653151,0.00002218084,0.00008222048],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9928986,0.0001096983,0.006225785,0.0001021936,0.0002272425,0.0001158344,0.000002084518,0.0002174914,0.0001010077],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9924176,0.000006323334,0.007480705,0.000006983036,0.00005241829,0.000004649582,6.114735e-7,0.00002606295,0.000004603024],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.05268997,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3502206,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2047019943","doi":"10.1088/0965-0393/12/3/011","title":"A mesoscopic approach for predicting sheet metal formability","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Modelling and Simulation in Materials Science and Engineering","topic":"Metal Forming Simulation Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":67,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"","keywords":"Mesoscopic physics; Necking; Materials science; Forming limit diagram; Formability; Finite element method; Hardening (computing); Plasticity; Crystal plasticity; Sheet metal; Strain hardening exponent; Mechanics; Composite material; Structural engineering; Condensed matter physics; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0226112224806481,"gpt":0.2469792534762566,"spread":0.2243680309956085,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009409807,0.0001142203,0.0001606607,0.0001920941,0.00009632906,0.0001013321,0.00006381287,0.00005189131,0.000001059442],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006873326,0.0001132614,0.00001182933,0.0001901851,0.00004298527,0.0005347087,0.00002067059,0.00004873475,1.38249e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006654874,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001293025,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001363259,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.449213e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991794,0.000003744372,0.0002627061,0.0001920961,0.0001439894,0.0002181016],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999751,0.00004256739,0.00002036935,0.00009045614,0.0000457797,0.00004978451],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003011065,0.000003684783,0.00006448338,0.0001551098,0.000001751937,6.403288e-8,0.0003626668,0.9762602,0.02212483,0.0008532149,5.079872e-8,0.0001709362],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002291162,0.00001552078,0.0001461271,0.00003487619,0.000004459634,0.000001024356,0.00001950304,0.9679693,0.0297176,0.001739262,0.000008045764,0.0001151765],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.5511384,0.0000381204,0.4484507,0.000001888758,0.00006049319,0.0001551902,0.000002648711,0.0001318455,0.00002077507],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9301813,0.00001348848,0.06971826,0.000003609564,0.0000285067,0.00003597814,0.000004335433,0.00001332361,0.0000011849],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3790429,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4618666,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2798006462","doi":"10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2018.04.010","title":"Experimental fracture characterisation of an anisotropic magnesium alloy sheet in proportional and non-proportional loading conditions","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Solids and Structures","topic":"Metal Forming Simulation Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":67,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Materials science; Fracture (geology); Anisotropy; Composite material; Stress path; Magnesium alloy; Tension (geology); Plasticity; Deformation (meteorology); Alloy; Structural engineering; Compression (physics)","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008297864157134956,"gpt":0.2866448728206384,"spread":0.2783470086635035,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001084797,0.000101065,0.0001554212,0.0002586209,0.00003310617,0.00004190033,0.0001019237,0.00006703622,0.0001910795],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001861495,0.00008860182,0.00003270365,0.00004166104,0.00007969058,0.0004971471,0.00001863807,0.0001168418,2.479471e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006672099,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002295259,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001514367,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004637246,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990839,0.00001308526,0.0004480657,0.000084954,0.0002914858,0.00007852452],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994743,0.00001457321,0.0001976673,0.00004629167,0.0002153172,0.00005178371],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001820392,0.00009961439,0.03437582,0.00006068304,0.0001301813,0.00003947292,0.001747757,0.00140772,0.9518074,0.006396389,0.0002068179,0.003546043],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008081395,0.0003695316,0.6635346,0.00006733125,0.00001518176,0.0003191434,0.0001861516,0.007932642,0.3107711,0.01559857,0.0002276651,0.0001698925],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9985155,0.00007845659,0.0007958317,0.0000909978,0.0003476407,0.00006883892,0.00001964217,0.00001449257,0.00006863238],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.996339,0.00001645149,0.003182394,0.00005323143,0.0003627,0.000002295031,0.00002611835,0.00001050397,0.000007323643],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6410363,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3613077,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2220616791","doi":"10.1016/j.matdes.2015.12.103","title":"Influence of strain path on nucleation and growth of voids in dual phase steel sheets","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Materials & Design","topic":"Metal Forming Simulation Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":67,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Windsor","funders":"","keywords":"Formability; Materials science; Void (composites); Dual-phase steel; Nucleation; Composite material; Microstructure; Elongation; Volume fraction; Metallurgy; Ultimate tensile strength; Thermodynamics; Martensite","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03058661894364624,"gpt":0.2670831739698961,"spread":0.2364965550262498,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000523874,0.00007913217,0.0001749405,0.0001027484,0.00000488258,0.00001035303,0.00003789685,0.00005241377,0.00001690563],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009430508,0.0000773871,0.000007166092,0.00006969622,0.00002201534,0.0001355626,0.00000975911,0.00002389668,0.000002259543],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002060433,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001227932,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002419857,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":4.037019e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999384,0.00006296432,0.0002889227,0.00007310243,0.0001142422,0.00007670526],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999744,0.00003752916,0.0000569025,0.00009222393,0.00004183932,0.00002748643],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006416003,0.00002917023,0.00005762207,0.00007986678,0.000004217574,0.000002106268,0.0004184522,0.00677201,0.9893861,0.002628865,0.00003334391,0.000524065],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005682555,0.0002585984,0.004492065,0.00007986272,0.000004731054,0.00000119069,0.00000996545,0.001314093,0.9886428,0.004549441,0.00000386159,0.00007510845],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9973415,0.00001251555,0.002212636,0.000002922821,0.0000367128,0.0002040359,0.00004076481,0.00007212461,0.0000768255],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9956262,0.00000510496,0.004321739,0.000005150192,0.000009860333,0.000007475106,0.000006952643,0.00001445504,0.000003114109],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.005457917,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3155754,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2025941465","doi":"10.1016/s0749-6419(99)00069-8","title":"The numerical simulation of stretch flange forming","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Plasticity","topic":"Metal Forming Simulation Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":65,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Flange; Formability; Structural engineering; Forming limit diagram; Materials science; Finite element method; Yield (engineering); Quadratic equation; Mechanics; Engineering; Composite material; Geometry; Mathematics; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01135404090157373,"gpt":0.2736932925108221,"spread":0.2623392516092484,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001624118,0.00006279623,0.0001042143,0.00006966738,0.00002580384,0.00002368428,0.0002383347,0.00003344385,0.0002774213],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001836584,0.00004527545,0.00007398744,0.0000588339,0.00002323378,0.0002025506,0.000009970462,0.0001258445,0.000007845651],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005926582,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001277793,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000004799105,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001732724,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990721,0.00001468153,0.0004209606,0.00003403447,0.0003825104,0.00007574322],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991263,0.0004449725,0.0001262327,0.00004385591,0.0002274056,0.00003123677],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001076767,0.00002716674,0.002286468,0.000008136795,0.0001323902,0.000007875045,0.0001634597,0.8758809,0.001668418,0.0008631067,0.0002126343,0.1186418],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000315191,0.00007270449,0.007882895,0.00006710901,0.00001968155,0.00003096709,0.0000145826,0.9622722,0.01757025,0.002923376,0.008745501,0.00008549431],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.947447,0.00004414273,0.05119177,0.00003396009,0.0003617628,0.00003377795,0.000007333714,0.00003062826,0.0008496031],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986287,0.00003426598,0.001118839,0.000008477477,0.0001662213,5.665022e-7,0.000001196044,0.000008241724,0.00003348817],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1185563,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3037569,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2010601086","doi":"10.1016/j.jmps.2010.07.002","title":"A multiresolution continuum simulation of the ductile fracture process","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids","topic":"Metal Forming Simulation Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":64,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Quest University Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Microstructure; Materials science; Fracture toughness; Zigzag; Void (composites); Multiscale modeling; Fracture (geology); Mechanics; Fracture mechanics; Composite material; Geometry; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.007844233341566484,"gpt":0.2474972846946396,"spread":0.2396530513530731,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001816591,0.00006726017,0.0001447689,0.00001730348,0.00003766538,0.000007886051,0.0001705144,0.00006151881,0.000003393117],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006191765,0.00003904579,0.00009862439,0.0001009392,0.00001598821,0.0001263213,0.00002470967,0.0002633885,6.771616e-8],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000006833184,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000144741,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000002554645,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002352008,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994485,0.00001350416,0.0002565479,0.00003373891,0.0001897995,0.00005794238],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992653,0.00004115496,0.0003299836,0.0001460227,0.0002002495,0.00001731168],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003724781,0.00008730013,0.0004298619,0.0002830991,0.0001060277,1.696496e-7,0.001615852,0.4477541,0.5260515,0.015244,0.0001942275,0.008196599],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001851098,0.00003157785,0.000351526,0.00008300698,0.00004248755,0.000003378137,0.00002883667,0.4606272,0.4196659,0.1185794,0.0003460979,0.00005549406],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9535593,0.00004559012,0.04562478,0.00006582125,0.0005271813,0.0001135693,0.000004971999,0.00001041948,0.00004836068],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991833,0.000009347548,0.0006471879,0.00001509934,0.0001254524,5.426242e-7,2.092057e-7,0.00001044189,0.000008417631],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1063856,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1592241,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2022207225","doi":"10.1016/j.msea.2012.04.093","title":"Strain localization and damage development during bending of Al–Mg alloy sheets","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Materials Science and Engineering A","topic":"Metal Forming Simulation Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":64,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Materials science; Digital image correlation; Coalescence (physics); Microstructure; Nucleation; Composite material; Aluminium alloy; Alloy; Bending; Lüders band; Shear (geology); Fracture (geology); Aluminium; Scanning electron microscope; Metallurgy","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.009438009925706214,"gpt":0.2174741355196801,"spread":0.2080361255939739,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005836699,0.00009416626,0.0001161057,0.000167755,0.00006555252,0.00005146064,0.00006560497,0.00002796742,0.00001807423],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000479524,0.00009394286,0.000004895086,0.0001640163,0.00004483616,0.0004521986,0.00004818982,0.00002532598,0.00000105353],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003815461,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007897779,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000002461349,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.381367e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993294,0.00000359319,0.0001877625,0.00009329147,0.0001631109,0.0002228519],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997941,0.000009777169,0.0000215646,0.00007678507,0.00002361058,0.00007420672],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[6.890865e-7,0.000002526103,0.0003460044,0.0001620407,0.00000283628,1.897722e-7,0.0005804865,0.003847153,0.9940219,0.0004191908,0.00000274469,0.000614217],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00006829331,0.000005604005,0.03365888,0.00007659818,0.000003041731,0.000005065785,0.00002472998,0.01545753,0.9502066,0.00001006247,0.0003526947,0.000130925],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9963028,0.00006514452,0.00312863,0.000003048457,0.0001811622,0.00007331962,0.000003500925,0.0001836608,0.00005877447],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9933335,0.00001952542,0.006591242,0.000004926276,0.00002433453,0.000006524017,0.000002398544,0.00001351523,0.000004061581],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.04381535,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3830879,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}