{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":1141,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":1,"predictions_cover":1141,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12","author_layer_release":"2026-06-26"},"query_hash":"ea2f9bcbbcef","filters":{"topic":"Photoacoustic and Ultrasonic Imaging"}},"results":[{"id":"W2065023892","doi":"10.1038/nnano.2014.130","title":"Non-invasive multimodal functional imaging of the intestine with frozen micellar naphthalocyanines","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nature Nanotechnology","topic":"Photoacoustic and Ultrasonic Imaging","field":"Engineering","cited_by":438,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McMaster University; Population Health Research Institute","funders":"National Cancer Institute; National Institutes of Health","keywords":"Magnetic resonance imaging; Photoacoustic imaging in biomedicine; Gastrointestinal tract; Materials science; Molecular imaging; Absorption (acoustics); Biomedical engineering; Nanotechnology; Nuclear magnetic resonance; Chemistry; Optics; Radiology; Medicine; In vivo; Biology; Physics","authors":[{"name":"Yumiao Zhang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Mansik Jeon","is_ca":false},{"name":"Laurie J. Rich","is_ca":false},{"name":"Hao Hong","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jumin Geng","is_ca":false},{"name":"Yin Zhang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Sixiang Shi","is_ca":false},{"name":"Todd E. Barnhart","is_ca":false},{"name":"Paschalis Alexandridis","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jan D. Huizinga","is_ca":true},{"name":"Mukund Seshadri","is_ca":false},{"name":"Weibo Cai","is_ca":false},{"name":"Chulhong Kim","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jonathan F. Lovell","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.001842301548018957,"gpt":0.1656153374365879,"spread":0.1637730358885689,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002313829,0.0002831767,0.0001260237,0.0001374132,0.0001214858,0.0001783141,0.0003069335,0.0003422887,0.0009923299],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001918113,0.0001862568,0.0001165494,0.0000637961,0.0002975803,0.00053692,0.0002953961,0.000370251,0.0001509302],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002211122,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001563593,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006738478,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009759719,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999551,0.000007004414,0.000001529676,0.00001238305,0.00001005129,0.00001396721],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999297,0.00002864556,0.00001586052,0.00001120189,0.000007478209,0.00000717299],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007247364,0.000005158032,0.0000517534,0.00003568875,0.00000214393,0.00004315733,0.00001678542,0.0001219569,0.9986505,0.0001110224,0.00003046228,0.000858894],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001560379,0.0001402173,0.001306546,0.00001053562,0.00001116603,0.0002253991,0.00002698908,0.001951828,0.9953079,0.00006900373,0.0009299251,0.000004820708],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9772725,0.001695327,0.01810981,0.0001856799,0.00002130015,0.00004804276,0.0001570745,0.0001006406,0.002409632],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9787401,0.001296909,0.01472889,0.00009595457,0.00001704391,0.0000881505,0.0002231743,0.00005288155,0.004756794],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0009923299,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003319681,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2037424018","doi":"10.1063/1.2713229","title":"Automatic navigation of an untethered device in the artery of a living animal using a conventional clinical magnetic resonance imaging system","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Physics Letters","topic":"Photoacoustic and Ultrasonic Imaging","field":"Engineering","cited_by":357,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal; Hôpital Notre-Dame; Université de Montréal; Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Magnetic resonance imaging; Nuclear magnetic resonance; Materials science; Biomedical engineering; Computer science; Medicine; Radiology; Physics","authors":[{"name":"Sylvain Martel","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jean‐Baptiste Mathieu","is_ca":true},{"name":"Ouajdi Felfoul","is_ca":true},{"name":"Arnaud Chanu","is_ca":true},{"name":"Eric Aboussouan","is_ca":true},{"name":"Samer Tamaz","is_ca":true},{"name":"Pierre Pouponneau","is_ca":true},{"name":"L’Hocine Yahia","is_ca":true},{"name":"Gilles Beaudoin","is_ca":true},{"name":"Gilles Soulez","is_ca":true},{"name":"Martin Mankiewicz","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01413873891598722,"gpt":0.2563943797227042,"spread":0.242255640806717,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004464122,0.0002227056,0.000206464,0.0001378932,0.0001085072,0.0003132868,0.0003907217,0.0004628892,0.0006248823],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006820962,0.000164041,0.00009931112,0.00005723244,0.0004911843,0.000264743,0.0002678748,0.0002316498,0.0002164986],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001150043,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003871883,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002551506,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004935501,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998487,0.00003017521,0.00001015835,0.00004837202,0.0000504676,0.00001214887],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997229,0.0000912717,0.00006152115,0.00004970043,0.00004111882,0.00003346915],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000253285,0.00003549985,0.0005468226,0.00005448689,0.000007192005,0.000170293,0.00005787275,0.0006202076,0.9764153,0.0003051316,0.0001663286,0.02136757],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002939041,0.007203729,0.01356359,0.00007699583,0.0001140439,0.005247271,0.00008671184,0.02766691,0.9320942,0.0005958933,0.01294611,0.0001107123],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.550842,0.001290715,0.4436964,0.0005195824,0.0002225915,0.0002187707,0.00007784305,0.0007833946,0.002348585],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8404278,0.0006966483,0.1556076,0.0002193649,0.00007499895,0.0001340701,0.00006610509,0.00003394488,0.002739476],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0006248823,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.00236088,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2077925928","doi":"10.1109/tmi.2008.2007825","title":"The Application of Compressed Sensing for Photo-Acoustic Tomography","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging","topic":"Photoacoustic and Ultrasonic Imaging","field":"Engineering","cited_by":313,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Iterative reconstruction; Compressed sensing; Computer science; Tomography; Computer vision; Artificial intelligence; Image quality; Medical imaging; Image resolution; Reconstruction algorithm; Optics; Physics; Image (mathematics)","authors":[{"name":"Jean Provost","is_ca":true},{"name":"Frédéric Lesage","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008043845530114153,"gpt":0.2291255629977165,"spread":0.2210817174676024,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000383385,0.0004004011,0.000269323,0.0004170732,0.0001688145,0.0003931297,0.0003810911,0.0007363759,0.0009260693],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001370192,0.0001312722,0.0002370632,0.000434475,0.0008543415,0.0005884703,0.0004985675,0.0007967539,0.0001644877],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003105323,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002588101,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005568418,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003897396,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999701,0.00007251487,0.00001287893,0.0000417283,0.0001566893,0.00001517257],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994612,0.0003673759,0.00004090709,0.00005459938,0.00005826298,0.0000176651],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001724782,0.00008472255,0.0005132215,0.000437183,0.00005498221,0.0003899367,0.00021334,0.1073487,0.1670273,0.3715408,0.003138706,0.3490785],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002389285,0.0001868977,0.0005451841,0.00005287763,0.0000161081,0.0007002078,0.0000301394,0.8443781,0.04623152,0.09606012,0.01172101,0.00005390244],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.01036618,0.002613012,0.9820515,0.0008589657,0.0001409699,0.00003450672,0.00003570396,0.0001111041,0.003788074],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.3868685,0.006581079,0.6020677,0.0004317865,0.0005571275,0.000102256,0.0001423253,0.0000447091,0.003204595],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0009260693,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003098011,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2101097858","doi":"10.1002/mrm.20747","title":"In vivo magnetic resonance imaging of single cells in mouse brain with optical validation","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Magnetic Resonance in Medicine","topic":"Photoacoustic and Ultrasonic Imaging","field":"Engineering","cited_by":273,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Western University; Robarts Clinical Trials; University of Toronto","funders":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research; Multiple Sclerosis Society of Canada; Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada","keywords":"Magnetic resonance imaging; In vivo; Nuclear magnetic resonance; Confocal; Preclinical imaging; Materials science; Magnetic resonance microscopy; Single-cell analysis; Biomedical engineering; Cell; Chemistry; Medicine; Optics; Physics; Biology; Spin echo; Radiology","authors":[{"name":"Chris Heyn","is_ca":true},{"name":"John A. Ronald","is_ca":true},{"name":"Lisa T. MacKenzie","is_ca":true},{"name":"Ian C. MacDonald","is_ca":true},{"name":"Ann F. Chambers","is_ca":true},{"name":"Brian K. Rutt","is_ca":true},{"name":"Paula J. Foster","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.006465903329988668,"gpt":0.2154563838290763,"spread":0.2089904804990876,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00104742,0.0005369917,0.0002762717,0.0005218981,0.0002307556,0.0004295554,0.0005098797,0.0006902402,0.0009818111],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007641584,0.0003482267,0.0002023244,0.0001512857,0.0005994079,0.0005218927,0.0003350073,0.0005343747,0.000439992],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002668994,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003085192,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009331466,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009905357,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997873,0.0000420832,0.00001509646,0.00005619444,0.00007042341,0.0000288903],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994992,0.0001489471,0.0001194854,0.00009023238,0.0001084116,0.00003363369],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003975534,0.00001378806,0.0001053412,0.00003517294,0.00000322389,0.00003598284,0.00002110003,0.0001865273,0.9974402,0.0002304571,0.00003739979,0.001851071],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000103265,0.0001730945,0.0005374401,0.000008241443,0.00001595581,0.0002233821,0.00001690093,0.002182761,0.9950817,0.0001248283,0.001619774,0.000005562873],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6995339,0.003748118,0.288901,0.0006388497,0.0001469269,0.0002562859,0.0003509029,0.001215494,0.005208493],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7874163,0.003372459,0.1997697,0.0003323433,0.00005618084,0.0004814073,0.0004094502,0.0002669206,0.007895088],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.00104742,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005539358,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2149590290","doi":"10.1117/1.1528950","title":"Light scattering from cervical cells throughout neoplastic progression: influence of nuclear morphology, DNA content, and chromatin texture","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Biomedical Optics","topic":"Photoacoustic and Ultrasonic Imaging","field":"Engineering","cited_by":253,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"BC Cancer Agency","funders":"National Cancer Institute; National Institutes of Health","keywords":"Light scattering; Chromatin; Scattering; Computer science; Optics; DNA; Texture (cosmology); Materials science; Optoelectronics; Nanotechnology; Physics; Biology; Artificial intelligence; Genetics","authors":[{"name":"Rebekah A. Drezek","is_ca":false},{"name":"Martial Guillaud","is_ca":true},{"name":"Thomas Collier","is_ca":false},{"name":"Iouri Boiko","is_ca":false},{"name":"Anaís Malpica","is_ca":false},{"name":"Calum MacAulay","is_ca":true},{"name":"Michele Follen","is_ca":false},{"name":"Rebecca Richards‐Kortum","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.007694945469503316,"gpt":0.2242248814365837,"spread":0.2165299359670804,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002795697,0.0001666083,0.0001568722,0.0002785624,0.000206042,0.0003024458,0.0001089904,0.0001481019,0.000401827],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005402005,0.0001470352,0.0001300562,0.0002131118,0.0003034666,0.0001915456,0.0001471576,0.0001980029,0.0001181206],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004107463,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002122697,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004842063,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006346916,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999903,0.00001631677,0.000004214717,0.00001345885,0.00005030373,0.00001274574],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997149,0.0001471049,0.00003539495,0.00002222706,0.00005820816,0.00002216208],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006515312,0.000008532116,0.00310056,0.00001722281,0.00000344561,0.00002777571,0.00006918747,0.0005748476,0.9929068,0.00003398971,0.00001079415,0.003181726],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000097429,0.0002296091,0.04723513,0.0000077012,0.00001661934,0.00032221,0.0001511615,0.01247722,0.9387049,0.0001547056,0.0006738339,0.00001710053],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9950359,0.0003428466,0.004096906,0.00001818868,0.000002174877,0.000006256952,0.00003373208,0.00002324465,0.000440789],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9923689,0.0004462575,0.006418886,0.00001425205,0.000002683551,0.00001017386,0.0001266356,0.00001791857,0.0005943515],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.004842063,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.009627759,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2621047161","doi":"10.1038/lsa.2016.278","title":"Non-interferometric photoacoustic remote sensing microscopy","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Light Science & Applications","topic":"Photoacoustic and Ultrasonic Imaging","field":"Engineering","cited_by":206,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Illumisonics (Canada); University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Alberta Innovates; Killam Trusts; Alberta Innovates - Health Solutions; Ministry of Advanced Education, Government of Alberta; University of Alberta; Cancer Research Institute","keywords":"Optics; Materials science; Refractive index; Interferometry; Microscopy; Microscope; White light interferometry; Photoacoustic Doppler effect; Photoacoustic effect; Optoelectronics; Laser; Physics","authors":[{"name":"Parsin Haji Reza","is_ca":true},{"name":"Wei Shi","is_ca":true},{"name":"Kevan Bell","is_ca":true},{"name":"Robert J. Paproski","is_ca":true},{"name":"Roger J. Zemp","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.00884819890694181,"gpt":0.263832268313724,"spread":0.2549840694067822,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000383867,0.0003917786,0.0001794944,0.0004200583,0.0001690142,0.0004050539,0.0007785447,0.0004415256,0.003902775],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005979881,0.0002856217,0.0001378058,0.0001867754,0.0004507721,0.0007119071,0.0005594736,0.0004540183,0.0008008964],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003048556,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002878562,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003025107,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004520486,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995943,0.00006892652,0.00001697391,0.0001054282,0.0001833274,0.00003117738],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995629,0.0001925578,0.00005803365,0.00008588973,0.00008164388,0.00001895838],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001915997,0.000009817101,0.00009422687,0.00003587866,0.00000209599,0.00001978685,0.00001400996,0.0001744044,0.9928644,0.0005556439,0.0001059846,0.006104545],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001816099,0.0001551468,0.002195334,0.000009086712,0.000007560527,0.0004101972,0.00004740853,0.02665388,0.9668778,0.0007969806,0.00280892,0.00001954095],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4653296,0.001378941,0.5162232,0.0005408571,0.0001114993,0.0002457512,0.0003891682,0.002164336,0.01361667],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7523292,0.0006289528,0.2379536,0.0001792303,0.00005052816,0.0002178513,0.0002825589,0.00007879522,0.008279193],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.003902775,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01305604,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1980785302","doi":"10.1021/ja305988f","title":"Porphyrin Shell Microbubbles with Intrinsic Ultrasound and Photoacoustic Properties","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of the American Chemical Society","topic":"Photoacoustic and Ultrasonic Imaging","field":"Engineering","cited_by":185,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Sunnybrook Health Science Centre; University Health Network; University of Toronto; Ontario Institute for Cancer Research","funders":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","keywords":"Chemistry; Photoacoustic imaging in biomedicine; Microbubbles; Ultrasound; Shell (structure); Porphyrin; Nanotechnology; Photochemistry; Optics; Acoustics; Composite material","authors":[{"name":"Elizabeth Huynh","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jonathan F. Lovell","is_ca":true},{"name":"Brandon Helfield","is_ca":true},{"name":"Mansik Jeon","is_ca":false},{"name":"Chulhong Kim","is_ca":false},{"name":"David E. Goertz","is_ca":true},{"name":"Brian C. Wilson","is_ca":true},{"name":"Gang Zheng","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.00624859337139586,"gpt":0.1824015025519637,"spread":0.1761529091805679,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003159118,0.0002435761,0.0001970801,0.0001610883,0.00008740551,0.0001943782,0.0001573974,0.0003099033,0.0004135045],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005942018,0.0002097394,0.0001522432,0.0001689824,0.0003076052,0.0003892497,0.0002799418,0.0002873361,0.0001482119],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001848817,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001506593,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002283533,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002976961,"domain_scores_codex":[0.99988,0.00002703652,0.000008249512,0.00002057846,0.00004230452,0.00002187589],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997439,0.00007362079,0.00008470791,0.00002588699,0.00004907364,0.00002271852],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008273472,0.000006884004,0.000263303,0.00004139236,0.000003443478,0.0000359233,0.00001286177,0.0004811512,0.996828,0.0002220615,0.00001543224,0.002006799],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000007935257,0.0001197517,0.0008063099,0.000001757567,0.000008013282,0.0001094858,0.00000477411,0.004045741,0.9942035,0.00006649218,0.0006230374,0.000003225956],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9764597,0.0006429194,0.0218646,0.00008546822,0.000007932236,0.00002721226,0.00005550852,0.00009814393,0.0007585584],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9841405,0.0002819646,0.01433809,0.00002963109,0.000005483898,0.00003152652,0.00007889019,0.00001802465,0.001075873],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0004135045,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.001670659,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2283261814","doi":"10.1109/jstqe.2015.2497323","title":"Single Cell Photoacoustic Microscopy: A Review","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics","topic":"Photoacoustic and Ultrasonic Imaging","field":"Engineering","cited_by":178,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Ontario Ministry of Research, Innovation and Science; Canada Research Chairs; Canada Foundation for Innovation; Lotte and John Hecht Memorial Foundation; Ryerson University","keywords":"Microscopy; Photoacoustic imaging in biomedicine; Single-cell analysis; Materials science; Nanotechnology; Computer science; Cell; Optics; Chemistry; Physics","authors":[{"name":"Eric M. Strohm","is_ca":true},{"name":"Michael J. Moore","is_ca":true},{"name":"Michael C. Kolios","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02566380689891895,"gpt":0.291337295091264,"spread":0.265673488192345,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006204149,0.001011018,0.001129384,0.00328079,0.0003931996,0.001013585,0.00100627,0.001053037,0.005501844],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006171839,0.0004116091,0.0004628611,0.003186183,0.0003792133,0.001873508,0.000704005,0.001072241,0.004573202],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005251532,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009746909,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001122564,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001542709,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998173,0.00001884334,0.00002243601,0.00003999354,0.00008303333,0.00001834565],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999613,0.0001511755,0.00004275582,0.0000122042,0.0001438902,0.00003693597],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003948719,0.00008712075,0.0001945011,0.01654677,0.00003915692,0.0002138745,0.00007246518,0.0004185395,0.005626141,0.003605353,0.03849963,0.934657],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003934995,0.00007539096,0.0004405686,0.00151828,0.00004246675,0.0008767684,0.0000430632,0.0001330641,0.001263812,0.001164554,0.994419,0.00001918265],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0001744053,0.9969989,0.000432425,0.0001686372,0.0002928021,0.000009128671,0.00002744902,0.00001435768,0.001881887],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0008118487,0.9969602,0.0005152561,0.0001299185,0.0002146995,0.00001169085,0.00004740221,0.000003386864,0.00130563],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.005501844,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0184055,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2158286341","doi":"10.1088/0031-9155/50/14/n01","title":"Optical and acoustic properties at 1064 nm of polyvinyl chloride-plastisol for use as a tissue phantom in biomedical optoacoustics","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physics in Medicine and Biology","topic":"Photoacoustic and Ultrasonic Imaging","field":"Engineering","cited_by":174,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Princess Margaret Cancer Centre; University of Toronto; Toronto Metropolitan University; University Health Network","funders":"Fogarty International Center; National Cancer Institute","keywords":"Imaging phantom; Materials science; Attenuation coefficient; Absorption (acoustics); Speed of sound; Optics; Attenuation; Volume (thermodynamics); Polyvinyl chloride; Refraction; Biomedical engineering; Acoustics; Composite material","authors":[{"name":"Gloria Spirou","is_ca":true},{"name":"Alexander A. Oraevsky","is_ca":false},{"name":"I. Alex Vitkin","is_ca":true},{"name":"William M. Whelan","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1028681703246057,"gpt":0.3329909227681939,"spread":0.2301227524435882,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001159563,0.001008295,0.0005751553,0.0004469106,0.0002471754,0.0005722866,0.0004668084,0.0008456854,0.001236583],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001634673,0.0005307611,0.0003471558,0.0003947761,0.0004429547,0.0005103078,0.0003548365,0.0007435923,0.0006209228],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005150022,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004309119,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003384189,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003912999,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994467,0.00009391151,0.00003612272,0.0001362736,0.0002492594,0.00003776246],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987295,0.0005771221,0.0002731516,0.0001050115,0.0001987313,0.0001164656],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004008946,0.000006912494,0.00007359474,0.00005351139,0.000002493991,0.00004216359,0.00002087239,0.0001604187,0.9980957,0.00007754074,0.00003441529,0.001392362],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001541623,0.0006217339,0.002054368,0.00002080105,0.00003247116,0.001222003,0.00003078379,0.002014356,0.9862943,0.0001313728,0.007535004,0.00002736944],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7062281,0.0215672,0.2612798,0.0006040944,0.0005134174,0.0004106649,0.001096656,0.001581826,0.006718385],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7781549,0.01058971,0.2022923,0.0003466574,0.0001406551,0.0006533778,0.001496797,0.0002923491,0.006033235],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001236583,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.006132424,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2889552108","doi":"10.1016/j.pacs.2018.08.003","title":"Clinical optoacoustic imaging combined with ultrasound for coregistered functional and anatomical mapping of breast tumors","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Photoacoustics","topic":"Photoacoustic and Ultrasonic Imaging","field":"Engineering","cited_by":172,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"National Cancer Institute; University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center","keywords":"Biomedical engineering; Ultrasound; Optoacoustic imaging; Medical imaging; Transducer; Breast imaging; Preamplifier; Materials science; Medicine; Breast cancer; Radiology; Mammography; Optics; Cancer; Acoustics","authors":[{"name":"Alexander A. Oraevsky","is_ca":false},{"name":"Bryan Clingman","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jason Zalev","is_ca":true},{"name":"A. Thomas Stavros","is_ca":false},{"name":"Wei Yang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jay R. Parikh","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01684892324911911,"gpt":0.2444990810541907,"spread":0.2276501578050716,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001184616,0.0004306615,0.0003886672,0.0006444053,0.0001165214,0.0005267462,0.0004151064,0.0003999875,0.001604147],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001457548,0.0003145309,0.000179574,0.0004350178,0.000404078,0.0004212615,0.000522418,0.0005346801,0.000338834],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002885699,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006060477,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004875273,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001184657,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995478,0.0001828961,0.00001930442,0.00007740327,0.0001452189,0.00002739076],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996402,0.0001480724,0.0000630352,0.00006281065,0.00005915649,0.0000266817],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001434233,0.0001696432,0.003318218,0.0002746591,0.00005980601,0.0003784425,0.0001104803,0.003258154,0.7089406,0.0009897941,0.001371163,0.2796947],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006825621,0.00529713,0.05870035,0.0001349412,0.0004391726,0.01555027,0.0001865526,0.1049272,0.7743643,0.002277747,0.0372259,0.0002139095],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4101067,0.008210254,0.5674509,0.0009370741,0.0002228025,0.001266231,0.0003062816,0.002184117,0.009315711],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6960928,0.001741091,0.2977333,0.0003368292,0.0001114108,0.0005586648,0.0002248015,0.0001576738,0.003043405],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.001604147,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.006264925,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2140207058","doi":"10.1158/0008-5472.can-08-0006","title":"Ultrasound Imaging of Apoptosis in Tumor Response: Novel Preclinical Monitoring of Photodynamic Therapy Effects","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Cancer Research","topic":"Photoacoustic and Ultrasonic Imaging","field":"Engineering","cited_by":165,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University; University of Toronto; Sunnybrook Health Science Centre","funders":"Canada Research Chairs; University of Toronto; Ontario Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care; Canadian Institutes of Health Research; Ontario Innovation Trust","keywords":"Photodynamic therapy; Apoptosis; Ultrasound; Medicine; Programmed cell death; Cancer; In vivo; Cancer research; Cell; Pathology; Internal medicine; Radiology; Chemistry; Biology","authors":[{"name":"Behzad Banihashemi","is_ca":false},{"name":"Roxana Vlad","is_ca":true},{"name":"Branislav Debeljevic","is_ca":true},{"name":"Anoja Giles","is_ca":true},{"name":"Michael C. Kolios","is_ca":true},{"name":"Gregory J. Czarnota","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04962088796357587,"gpt":0.3706639185623797,"spread":0.3210430305988038,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003914581,0.0003620447,0.0002965559,0.00034999,0.000132574,0.000233255,0.000253259,0.0003562704,0.0005917631],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006448135,0.0001661523,0.0001362646,0.0001435202,0.0003081832,0.0003071056,0.0001943967,0.0005606445,0.0001198495],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003115732,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002026201,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004400149,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005241418,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997723,0.00007451922,0.00001008461,0.00003250382,0.0000747884,0.00003576773],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997061,0.0001059527,0.00007531617,0.0000186678,0.0000644268,0.00002948583],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001517851,0.00005359294,0.0004391395,0.00002295354,0.000002623003,0.00001811155,0.0000198216,0.0001251027,0.9959627,0.0000401287,0.00002366616,0.003140454],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000123157,0.001560093,0.003213631,0.000005715596,0.00001763119,0.0001155755,0.00003011332,0.00341049,0.9910997,0.00006314024,0.0004672089,0.000004571321],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9768157,0.003041371,0.01878383,0.0001336875,0.0000318755,0.000059976,0.00005921375,0.0001784198,0.0008958153],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9908105,0.0009297222,0.007105877,0.00004176082,0.0000163329,0.00007009193,0.0000642836,0.00001386786,0.0009474935],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0005917631,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002260625,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3109569610","doi":"10.7554/elife.54497","title":"Systematic examination of low-intensity ultrasound parameters on human motor cortex excitability and behavior","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"eLife","topic":"Photoacoustic and Ultrasonic Imaging","field":"Engineering","cited_by":160,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Toronto Western Hospital; Sunnybrook Hospital; University of Toronto; University Health Network","funders":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research; University of Manitoba; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs; University Health Network","keywords":"Transcranial magnetic stimulation; Motor cortex; Isometric exercise; Neuroscience; Somatosensory system; Primary motor cortex; Silent period; Evoked potential; Psychology; Stimulation; Medicine; Internal medicine","authors":[{"name":"Anton Fomenko","is_ca":true},{"name":"Kai‐Hsiang Chen","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jean‐François Nankoo","is_ca":true},{"name":"James Saravanamuttu","is_ca":true},{"name":"Yanqiu Wang","is_ca":true},{"name":"Mazen El-Baba","is_ca":true},{"name":"Xue Xia","is_ca":true},{"name":"Shakthi Sanjana Seerala","is_ca":true},{"name":"Kullervo Hynynen","is_ca":true},{"name":"Andrés M. Lozano","is_ca":true},{"name":"Robert Chen","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0190164350641346,"gpt":0.2303745180879168,"spread":0.2113580830237822,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001834217,0.000199044,0.000212406,0.0001796627,0.00009577435,0.00009829492,0.00006544716,0.0001792668,0.000738672],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007388083,0.00009502221,0.00008224855,0.00007736927,0.0002770722,0.00009207718,0.0001088362,0.0001224156,0.0001013907],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008337868,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009827027,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003585467,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006971044,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999022,0.00003288847,0.000007117979,0.00002814109,0.00001704324,0.00001255066],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997393,0.0001217343,0.00005034243,0.00002087019,0.00003797116,0.00002974348],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002122189,0.0001082667,0.02530315,0.00009763106,0.00003774909,0.0001543544,0.0002664932,0.000156068,0.9570996,0.00002160998,0.00005596229,0.01457693],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00006746839,0.006185821,0.8511612,0.00001202806,0.0001392883,0.001025488,0.0002472065,0.001120562,0.139325,0.00007696605,0.0006233082,0.00001572377],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9988439,0.000203611,0.0007381096,0.00001121604,0.000002268183,0.00001259982,0.00002812335,0.000009277395,0.0001508963],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993994,0.00008284023,0.0003092738,0.00001197821,0.000005234814,0.00001536006,0.0000329809,0.000003436469,0.000139355],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.000738672,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002471149,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2154679409","doi":"10.1016/j.bpj.2013.05.037","title":"Probing Red Blood Cell Morphology Using High-Frequency Photoacoustics","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biophysical Journal","topic":"Photoacoustic and Ultrasonic Imaging","field":"Engineering","cited_by":156,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","keywords":"Ultrasonic sensor; Materials science; Echinocyte; Red blood cell; Optics; Continuous wave; Morphology (biology); Transducer; Photoacoustic effect; Photoacoustic imaging in biomedicine; Laser; Chemistry; Acoustics; Physics; Biology","authors":[{"name":"Eric M. Strohm","is_ca":true},{"name":"Elizabeth Berndl","is_ca":true},{"name":"Michael C. Kolios","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008767995452228556,"gpt":0.197506061733835,"spread":0.1887380662816065,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001829984,0.0001954558,0.0001386037,0.0002557844,0.0002097765,0.0005463291,0.0003008911,0.0005089981,0.001125937],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003980192,0.0002164479,0.0001327336,0.0002083033,0.000412638,0.0005881876,0.0002871953,0.0005917481,0.0004197491],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002800299,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001416431,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003871926,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005249633,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998618,0.00002172224,0.000005527374,0.00003643185,0.00004807194,0.00002648864],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997362,0.0001314828,0.00004070269,0.00003229254,0.00003767778,0.00002155394],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003243637,0.00001026604,0.0002680161,0.00001379671,0.000002035615,0.00002613636,0.00002399816,0.0000514371,0.9967533,0.0001144918,0.00005438668,0.002649698],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000135525,0.0001112127,0.005016302,0.000002759326,0.000008651135,0.0001805776,0.0000796254,0.002735329,0.9904687,0.0002367068,0.001137678,0.000008984525],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9548311,0.001048907,0.03957771,0.0003601706,0.00009447206,0.00004562127,0.0001213936,0.0001892513,0.003731411],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9712192,0.001110034,0.02465036,0.0002578814,0.00005569524,0.00005900209,0.00008949585,0.00003916199,0.002519145],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001125937,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003766596,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1994495413","doi":"10.1155/2013/936593","title":"Acoustic Angiography: A New Imaging Modality for Assessing Microvasculature Architecture","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Biomedical Imaging","topic":"Photoacoustic and Ultrasonic Imaging","field":"Engineering","cited_by":154,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Health Sciences Centre; University of Toronto; Sunnybrook Health Science Centre","funders":"National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering; National Cancer Institute; Canadian Institutes of Health Research; National Institutes of Health; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Modality (human–computer interaction); Angiography; Visualization; Computer science; Contrast (vision); Ultrasound; Radiology; Modalities; Ultrasound imaging; Medicine; Biomedical engineering; Medical physics; Computer vision; Artificial intelligence","authors":[{"name":"Ryan C. Gessner","is_ca":false},{"name":"C. Brandon Frederick","is_ca":false},{"name":"F. Stuart Foster","is_ca":true},{"name":"Paul A. Dayton","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.004768408121107217,"gpt":0.2449108579848726,"spread":0.2401424498637654,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000734703,0.0004696988,0.0003526105,0.002451361,0.0002948528,0.0008670622,0.0005540155,0.001079904,0.001803507],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007144585,0.0003229931,0.000257895,0.0007216309,0.0006365181,0.001526652,0.0006748093,0.001084466,0.0006986264],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002266363,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003983317,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003707237,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007499037,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996859,0.000089459,0.00001827755,0.00005769394,0.0001230122,0.00002580238],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999522,0.0002140477,0.00006942573,0.00004185715,0.00009399789,0.00005862955],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002193445,0.00005334669,0.003260729,0.0004815509,0.00004603888,0.0008168896,0.00008263521,0.0003712662,0.7670417,0.002779941,0.00523748,0.2196091],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001485682,0.002065726,0.03534842,0.0003887321,0.0004191888,0.05522024,0.0002608557,0.01907067,0.6644313,0.007288241,0.2150158,0.0003423052],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.09481293,0.07610252,0.8025942,0.00494099,0.001097298,0.0002052346,0.0005159498,0.003436982,0.01629384],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.3838056,0.06016876,0.5380745,0.002828639,0.00274482,0.0003972943,0.0004051994,0.0003311143,0.01124416],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","teacher_disagreement_score":0.002451361,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.006033361,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2005834295","doi":"10.1016/j.pacs.2013.08.003","title":"High frequency label-free photoacoustic microscopy of single cells","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Photoacoustics","topic":"Photoacoustic and Ultrasonic Imaging","field":"Engineering","cited_by":147,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research; Ontario Ministry of Research and Innovation; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Transducer; Ultra high frequency; Materials science; Microscope; Microscopy; Photoacoustic Doppler effect; Photoacoustic imaging in biomedicine; Bandwidth (computing); Resolution (logic); Optics; Acoustic microscopy; Laser; Image resolution; Photoacoustic effect; Optoelectronics; Acoustics; Physics; Computer science; Telecommunications","authors":[{"name":"Eric M. Strohm","is_ca":true},{"name":"Elizabeth Berndl","is_ca":true},{"name":"Michael C. Kolios","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.00780148956417421,"gpt":0.1938110257868607,"spread":0.1860095362226865,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002791662,0.0002121704,0.0002219755,0.0002448551,0.0002093297,0.0003203966,0.0004431424,0.0005170977,0.001075674],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002499286,0.0001564571,0.0001164041,0.0001742392,0.000363688,0.0005084625,0.0003073206,0.0005429092,0.0005690012],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002561095,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001101131,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003463298,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000392556,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997879,0.00002788075,0.00001076696,0.00006203484,0.00008004688,0.0000313664],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999798,0.00008166807,0.00002723634,0.00004141065,0.00003411257,0.00001754813],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006282818,0.000003019835,0.00002067816,0.00001333984,5.471498e-7,0.000008380154,0.0000078927,0.00004180386,0.9986007,0.000069268,0.00002345226,0.001204566],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000002187482,0.00003173909,0.0004955517,0.000001839683,0.000001688059,0.00007868509,0.000008424518,0.001265928,0.9969645,0.00007295345,0.001072921,0.000003651504],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.7875956,0.002362434,0.2036953,0.0003172836,0.00009629412,0.0000893522,0.0005484151,0.0007323851,0.004562844],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8765323,0.001389784,0.1162136,0.0001521077,0.00005114025,0.0001468498,0.0003788817,0.00008579094,0.005049509],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.001075674,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003598511,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2039455773","doi":"10.1038/srep00798","title":"Quantitative, spectrally-resolved intraoperative fluorescence imaging","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Scientific Reports","topic":"Photoacoustic and Ultrasonic Imaging","field":"Engineering","cited_by":127,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; Ontario Institute for Cancer Research","funders":"National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke; National Cancer Institute; National Institutes of Health; DUSA Pharmaceuticals","keywords":"Fluorophore; Fluorescence; Fluorescence-lifetime imaging microscopy; Protoporphyrin IX; Preclinical imaging; Computer science; Pixel; Residual; Biomedical engineering; Optics; In vivo; Artificial intelligence; Medicine; Physics; Biology","authors":[{"name":"Pablo A. Valdés","is_ca":false},{"name":"Frédéric Leblond","is_ca":false},{"name":"Valerie L. Jacobs","is_ca":false},{"name":"Brian C. Wilson","is_ca":true},{"name":"Keith D. Paulsen","is_ca":false},{"name":"David W. Roberts","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0110352502358344,"gpt":0.2364247636602085,"spread":0.2253895134243741,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008582989,0.0005003988,0.0003019376,0.0008857006,0.0001872894,0.0006812162,0.0005484032,0.0007160525,0.00119834],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001919812,0.0002926055,0.0001965541,0.0003978312,0.0004407484,0.001075214,0.000421642,0.0006406799,0.0003863873],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003198607,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003696196,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005244449,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000706408,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996265,0.00006783597,0.00001861815,0.0001017995,0.0001510531,0.00003410112],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993082,0.0002915735,0.0001208026,0.00007353861,0.0001772836,0.00002865513],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009886778,0.00001951026,0.0007860459,0.0001047265,0.00001135106,0.00004880988,0.00003167058,0.002039557,0.9552467,0.0009065777,0.0002652263,0.04044089],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002097657,0.0003201702,0.004792102,0.00002685878,0.00003592903,0.001250033,0.00008948045,0.06790961,0.9189512,0.002072652,0.004457613,0.00007351236],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1122893,0.001063039,0.882617,0.000217285,0.00004289487,0.00007682296,0.0003515925,0.001243928,0.002098163],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.4453745,0.001283648,0.5507494,0.0001455777,0.00004979327,0.0001441363,0.0002834939,0.0001396421,0.001829779],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00119834,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004539132,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2327365912","doi":"10.1021/nn502858b","title":"Stimuli-Responsive Photoacoustic Nanoswitch for <i>in Vivo</i> Sensing Applications","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACS Nano","topic":"Photoacoustic and Ultrasonic Imaging","field":"Engineering","cited_by":125,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Princess Margaret Cancer Centre; University Health Network","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canadian Institutes of Health Research; Terry Fox Research Institute; Ontario Institute for Cancer Research; Ontario Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care; Canada Foundation for Innovation; Prostate Cancer Canada","keywords":"Absorbance; Photoacoustic imaging in biomedicine; Materials science; Absorption (acoustics); Photoacoustic effect; In vivo; Molar absorptivity; Photoacoustic spectroscopy; Optoelectronics; Optics; Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Chromatography","authors":[{"name":"Kenneth K. Ng","is_ca":true},{"name":"Mojdeh Shakiba","is_ca":true},{"name":"Elizabeth Huynh","is_ca":true},{"name":"Robert Weersink","is_ca":true},{"name":"Áron Roxin","is_ca":true},{"name":"Brian C. Wilson","is_ca":true},{"name":"Gang Zheng","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.007484134701413515,"gpt":0.2253396201381353,"spread":0.2178554854367218,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001370157,0.0002606811,0.0001882278,0.000133294,0.0001774762,0.0002626777,0.000304792,0.0004646591,0.001388512],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002064744,0.0001446023,0.0001779811,0.0001370128,0.0002683795,0.0004449282,0.0001813896,0.0005297847,0.0004987429],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002721287,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001214892,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001747428,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003848369,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999131,0.000008818391,0.000005380287,0.00002841144,0.00002568248,0.00001872531],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999031,0.00002409164,0.00003125489,0.00001030421,0.00001272858,0.00001849098],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006707384,0.000008727663,0.00001638981,0.0000157495,9.234646e-7,0.00001717718,0.000005538664,0.00006589484,0.9987807,0.0001378182,0.00004332359,0.0009010576],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000002376739,0.00004772883,0.0002019004,0.000001182807,0.000002475217,0.00005150701,0.000004022803,0.000703568,0.9974238,0.00006133187,0.001496706,0.000003375637],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.899972,0.003051805,0.08507509,0.0005693006,0.0003888169,0.0002210069,0.0005001929,0.001420303,0.008801546],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9752052,0.0008122342,0.01890015,0.0002588758,0.0000443633,0.00009531551,0.0001555702,0.00009478577,0.004433501],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001388512,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.00464505,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2926054458","doi":"10.1016/j.ultras.2019.03.014","title":"Robust segmentation of arterial walls in intravascular ultrasound images using Dual Path U-Net","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ultrasonics","topic":"Photoacoustic and Ultrasonic Imaging","field":"Engineering","cited_by":125,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Jaccard index; Intravascular ultrasound; Computer science; Artificial intelligence; Hausdorff distance; Segmentation; Computer vision; Lumen (anatomy); Pattern recognition (psychology); Path (computing); Radiology; Medicine","authors":[{"name":"Ji Yang","is_ca":true},{"name":"Mehdi Faraji","is_ca":true},{"name":"Anup Basu","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.009179317351332747,"gpt":0.2022009185234941,"spread":0.1930216011721614,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008011204,0.001161422,0.0007398849,0.001199848,0.0003172676,0.000802459,0.001320403,0.001350221,0.001033707],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001401703,0.0005457706,0.0006533138,0.0006058262,0.0004914395,0.0007624046,0.00107272,0.0007186568,0.0006299426],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008641112,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001157693,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.009317646,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01194132,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996735,0.00005654099,0.00001773662,0.0001101748,0.00007811828,0.00006388177],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996459,0.0001181297,0.00005508651,0.00005271361,0.00009464465,0.00003351313],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001136138,0.0002624568,0.005044964,0.0002169509,0.0002013562,0.000476684,0.0001450419,0.2564662,0.07556825,0.002548243,0.008829048,0.6491047],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001116502,0.00007679263,0.0009334738,0.00001589256,0.0000230461,0.0001191692,0.00001329754,0.9830523,0.01397966,0.0008001251,0.0009631858,0.00001190966],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1669709,0.001914198,0.8177168,0.0004607452,0.0001413219,0.0001526547,0.0006739392,0.00860961,0.003359678],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.5742951,0.000798754,0.416696,0.000547045,0.00006465561,0.0001185358,0.002271526,0.0002785458,0.004929783],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.009317646,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01852679,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1980972185","doi":"10.1364/ao.49.003566","title":"Quantitative photoacoustic tomography with multiple optical sources","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Optics","topic":"Photoacoustic and Ultrasonic Imaging","field":"Engineering","cited_by":119,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Optics; Photoacoustic imaging in biomedicine; Photoacoustic tomography; Materials science; Photoacoustic effect; Absorption (acoustics); Attenuation coefficient; Diffuse optical imaging; Image resolution; Photoacoustic spectroscopy; Optical tomography; Optical imaging; Resolution (logic); Tomography; Computer science; Physics","authors":[{"name":"Roger J. Zemp","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.004984189943010794,"gpt":0.190415238973409,"spread":0.1854310490303983,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006278516,0.0005823733,0.0003872669,0.0004589737,0.0001370771,0.000721118,0.0006327318,0.0006018723,0.0007912322],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001538408,0.0004419982,0.0003631888,0.0004257056,0.0008238814,0.001433761,0.0009085074,0.0007198632,0.0001903997],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005577862,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003430406,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003564347,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003778317,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996846,0.00007891738,0.00001214808,0.00005439929,0.0001551481,0.00001478572],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994211,0.0003037402,0.00009859985,0.00009956765,0.00005995242,0.00001701207],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002368246,0.00005949418,0.0007164013,0.0003493812,0.00006341137,0.00033038,0.0001421445,0.2781776,0.5827669,0.05587557,0.0005508842,0.08073102],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000215561,0.0000562793,0.0002717502,0.00001518722,0.00001465388,0.0002915529,0.00001536554,0.8835262,0.1061436,0.008175547,0.001435712,0.00003248464],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.03140091,0.0004853834,0.9662006,0.0001593288,0.00001660644,0.00002424627,0.00004206638,0.000310272,0.001360607],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.4167947,0.0006429674,0.5806794,0.00005259977,0.0000218988,0.0000790929,0.00006513839,0.00007299302,0.001591246],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0007912322,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004046977,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1972079471","doi":"10.1364/boe.3.002500","title":"Silica-coated super paramagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPION) as biocompatible contrast agent in biomedical photoacoustics","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biomedical Optics Express","topic":"Photoacoustic and Ultrasonic Imaging","field":"Engineering","cited_by":118,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Natural Resources Canada; University of Waterloo; University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Nanoparticle; Materials science; Photoacoustic imaging in biomedicine; Photoacoustic spectroscopy; Iron oxide nanoparticles; Biocompatible material; Contrast (vision); Ex vivo; In vivo; Nanotechnology; Biomedical engineering; Optics; Medicine","authors":[{"name":"Rudolf Alwi","is_ca":true},{"name":"Sergey A. Telenkov","is_ca":true},{"name":"Andreas Mandelis","is_ca":true},{"name":"Timothy Michael Carter Leshuk","is_ca":true},{"name":"Frank Gu","is_ca":true},{"name":"Sulayman A. Oladepo","is_ca":true},{"name":"Kirk H. Michaelian","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01061504284154659,"gpt":0.2324476002134215,"spread":0.221832557371875,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004703781,0.0003958934,0.0001580528,0.0001716971,0.0001064654,0.0002173659,0.0001817595,0.0003197418,0.0003192468],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000375849,0.0001682504,0.0001414812,0.00009703524,0.0003894609,0.0003932793,0.0002597849,0.0002402602,0.0001686383],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001343525,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001276414,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002050769,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00041229,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998745,0.00003851228,0.000007696898,0.00002941552,0.00003587176,0.00001401655],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997955,0.00009870972,0.00003521104,0.00001431241,0.00003724234,0.00001920575],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003119072,0.000008498556,0.0001050921,0.00004483542,0.000002906379,0.00004384633,0.00001810327,0.0001452194,0.9973078,0.0001265164,0.00001745784,0.002148693],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003705049,0.0001781069,0.0004266953,0.000004100517,0.00001419832,0.0001464902,0.000008851046,0.001306137,0.9965962,0.0000451268,0.001266468,0.000004015879],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9323113,0.008740534,0.05536555,0.0002269284,0.00006383692,0.00006361448,0.00002870837,0.000130654,0.003068899],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9589701,0.002807855,0.03569999,0.0001082842,0.00003239199,0.00003032702,0.00005119591,0.00002451436,0.00227538],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0004703781,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002487659,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2070425328","doi":"10.1016/j.tim.2014.12.010","title":"Innovative techniques, sensors, and approaches for imaging biofilms at different scales","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Trends in Microbiology","topic":"Photoacoustic and Ultrasonic Imaging","field":"Engineering","cited_by":116,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Environment and Climate Change Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Microscale chemistry; Confocal laser scanning microscopy; Microscopy; Confocal; Mesoscale meteorology; In situ; Remote sensing; Laser scanning; Nanotechnology; Microscope; Biology; Biological system; Laser; Materials science; Optics; Biophysics; Chemistry; Physics","authors":[{"name":"Thomas R. Neu","is_ca":false},{"name":"John R. Lawrence","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05507432275309036,"gpt":0.2995209727182367,"spread":0.2444466499651463,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001271771,0.00163514,0.001825054,0.003619666,0.0003832354,0.001681025,0.001424685,0.00183651,0.00217344],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001236932,0.0006417313,0.0007603198,0.003155483,0.001034749,0.002923076,0.001188253,0.00267794,0.001720907],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007110494,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001239209,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008371745,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001868001,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993953,0.00005486672,0.00005484669,0.0001153632,0.0003305314,0.00004923163],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991412,0.0003837336,0.0001251121,0.00003653693,0.000262477,0.00005088747],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004661318,0.0001162089,0.0002792215,0.01453486,0.00006673109,0.0001462545,0.0000647408,0.0004359594,0.02717835,0.005499131,0.007469533,0.9441625],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001622856,0.0002631561,0.001409868,0.002668812,0.0001948292,0.001947389,0.0001748506,0.0006410585,0.02541997,0.006998082,0.9601625,0.0001032793],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0003556809,0.9956155,0.002225832,0.0003058081,0.0002662535,0.00001154343,0.0000254672,0.00001853772,0.001175396],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.001829048,0.9936452,0.002938723,0.0002101918,0.0002002944,0.00001719203,0.00004073868,0.00000428615,0.001114333],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.003619666,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.007270932,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1987763850","doi":"10.1109/tuffc.2010.1690","title":"Quantitative measurements of apoptotic cell properties using acoustic microscopy","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics Ferroelectrics and Frequency Control","topic":"Photoacoustic and Ultrasonic Imaging","field":"Engineering","cited_by":115,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; Sunnybrook Health Science Centre; Health Sciences Centre; Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Attenuation; Acoustic impedance; Materials science; Acoustic microscopy; SIGNAL (programming language); Attenuation coefficient; Backscatter (email); Acoustic attenuation; Correlation coefficient; Ultrasonic sensor; Acoustics; Optics; Physics; Microscopy","authors":[{"name":"Eric M. Strohm","is_ca":true},{"name":"Gregory J. Czarnota","is_ca":true},{"name":"Michael C. Kolios","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02250646542636224,"gpt":0.2321755727942043,"spread":0.2096691073678421,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001222147,0.0006156558,0.0005120029,0.001793996,0.0003869328,0.0004876532,0.000447421,0.0005498651,0.001875576],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001794819,0.0003173436,0.0002633156,0.00109131,0.0005519068,0.0004901838,0.0004546079,0.0007891644,0.0004620307],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004767267,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000204802,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006703876,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008477786,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985855,0.000260837,0.000111126,0.0002194204,0.0006760572,0.0001470507],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9977705,0.0008282384,0.0003555413,0.0001783738,0.0007501212,0.0001171862],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001771766,0.00004317542,0.002917012,0.0001247096,0.00001816986,0.00004791839,0.0002180289,0.0003710522,0.988861,0.0001317695,0.00005056135,0.007039357],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002506232,0.0006560147,0.06630616,0.000029303,0.00008310925,0.0004224864,0.000353624,0.01457013,0.9152959,0.000341221,0.001864212,0.00005269673],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9366008,0.002118091,0.05721295,0.00004739644,0.00004785696,0.0002168555,0.0006733506,0.0003946464,0.002687958],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9452847,0.001654465,0.04748514,0.00007780906,0.00003966858,0.0005898174,0.0009877257,0.00009492775,0.00378567],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001875576,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.006463408,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2038148250","doi":"10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2015.02.012","title":"Quantification of Microvascular Tortuosity during Tumor Evolution Using Acoustic Angiography","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology","topic":"Photoacoustic and Ultrasonic Imaging","field":"Engineering","cited_by":113,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Health Sciences Centre; Sunnybrook Health Science Centre","funders":"National Cancer Institute; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; National Institutes of Health","keywords":"Tortuosity; Medicine; Angiography; Radiology; Ultrasound; Pathology; Materials science","authors":[{"name":"Sarah E. Shelton","is_ca":false},{"name":"Yueh Z. Lee","is_ca":false},{"name":"Mike Lee","is_ca":true},{"name":"Emmanuel Chérin","is_ca":true},{"name":"F. Stuart Foster","is_ca":true},{"name":"Stephen Aylward","is_ca":false},{"name":"Paul A. Dayton","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02096325775855015,"gpt":0.2565653104064005,"spread":0.2356020526478504,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003307201,0.0001251121,0.000165736,0.0007733577,0.0001360798,0.0003339158,0.0001324512,0.0002192129,0.0004191162],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005901668,0.0001417312,0.0001059148,0.0003966949,0.000142051,0.0003338413,0.0001480223,0.0002867988,0.0000875378],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000224074,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001302223,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001484759,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001298786,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999127,0.00001868085,0.0000038897,0.00002279842,0.0000223217,0.00001951412],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996314,0.0001511869,0.00007674759,0.0000215962,0.00006793101,0.00005108236],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001514908,0.00006534154,0.07111319,0.00005972404,0.00004551029,0.0002779292,0.0002612239,0.001677886,0.8804196,0.0002477675,0.0001357915,0.04418108],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001612988,0.000922358,0.4838322,0.00001838136,0.0001800265,0.001322812,0.0002547862,0.06022201,0.4509866,0.0002370884,0.001964724,0.00004291309],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9893222,0.0006689684,0.009182417,0.0000175759,0.000005650472,0.00001329369,0.00008910358,0.00006522563,0.0006355972],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9961343,0.0002424465,0.003011187,0.000006257636,0.000004584642,0.0000189091,0.00007261101,0.0000119656,0.0004977385],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001484759,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002952218,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2094192722","doi":"10.1088/0031-9155/54/8/003","title":"Treatment planning and dose analysis for interstitial photodynamic therapy of prostate cancer","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physics in Medicine and Biology","topic":"Photoacoustic and Ultrasonic Imaging","field":"Engineering","cited_by":111,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Western University; Cancer Care Ontario; Ontario Institute for Cancer Research; McGill University; Toronto Metropolitan University; University Health Network","funders":"National Cancer Institute; Princess Margaret Hospital Foundation","keywords":"Prostate; Radiation therapy; Prostate cancer; Medicine; Photodynamic therapy; Radiation treatment planning; Nuclear medicine; Biopsy; Cancer; Urology; Radiology; Internal medicine; Chemistry","authors":[{"name":"Sean M. Davidson","is_ca":true},{"name":"Robert Weersink","is_ca":true},{"name":"Masoom A. Haider","is_ca":true},{"name":"Mark R. Gertner","is_ca":true},{"name":"Arjen Bogaards","is_ca":true},{"name":"David Giewercer","is_ca":true},{"name":"Avigdor Scherz","is_ca":false},{"name":"Michael D. Sherar","is_ca":true},{"name":"Mostafa Elhilali","is_ca":true},{"name":"Joseph L. Chin","is_ca":true},{"name":"John Trachtenberg","is_ca":true},{"name":"Brian C. Wilson","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.07431325936798443,"gpt":0.3657881219822871,"spread":0.2914748626143026,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000553239,0.0005359969,0.0004372067,0.0006723993,0.000364416,0.0006989271,0.0006387222,0.0004663382,0.00375836],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001999064,0.0005764958,0.0005798112,0.0005096134,0.000285528,0.0002396386,0.0004441739,0.0005945252,0.0005977341],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001327124,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001356255,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00480747,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005590277,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999697,0.00009196324,0.00001636964,0.00003297009,0.0001470711,0.00001470284],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999514,0.000283418,0.00005486304,0.00003572581,0.0000922818,0.0000198661],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000327514,0.00008157546,0.003534499,0.0002373754,0.00006430972,0.0001811109,0.0002553381,0.8164646,0.03171446,0.003755631,0.003706093,0.1396776],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004305929,0.00009132454,0.00229519,0.0000199236,0.0000257794,0.0002825073,0.00004307752,0.9705821,0.01761154,0.002301547,0.006667525,0.00003645024],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.02863834,0.0005191796,0.9624608,0.0001807902,0.00003290563,0.0002360228,0.0003882089,0.003359776,0.004183973],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.397954,0.0004995838,0.5933195,0.0001677394,0.0000216201,0.0007694667,0.0006909856,0.001672729,0.004904506],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00480747,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.012573,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2082233862","doi":"10.1121/1.3570946","title":"A simulation study on photoacoustic signals from red blood cells","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America","topic":"Photoacoustic and Ultrasonic Imaging","field":"Engineering","cited_by":111,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research; Canada Research Chairs; Compute Canada","keywords":"Photoacoustic imaging in biomedicine; Hematocrit; Materials science; SIGNAL (programming language); Monte Carlo method; Intensity (physics); Photoacoustic effect; Aggregate (composite); Human blood; Biological system; Acoustics; Computer science; Optics; Mathematics; Physics; Nanotechnology; Statistics; Medicine","authors":[{"name":"Ratan K. Saha","is_ca":true},{"name":"Michael C. Kolios","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01899476649687516,"gpt":0.2314205340714678,"spread":0.2124257675745927,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002998924,0.00027927,0.0003575264,0.0003218573,0.0004026487,0.0005110759,0.0004708657,0.0009714952,0.001443481],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001591541,0.0002348855,0.000444984,0.0003587929,0.0004396304,0.0004603335,0.0002978556,0.0003937827,0.0001154164],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005311394,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006160673,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00795228,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002970325,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998578,0.00004016146,0.000005572249,0.00001670399,0.0000522125,0.00002755901],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989727,0.0007110405,0.00007522346,0.00005318207,0.0001367039,0.00005117924],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004905413,0.000038666,0.001515053,0.00003387565,0.00001404915,0.0001747956,0.00006075416,0.9901161,0.004753669,0.001882935,0.0001076174,0.001253496],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001221403,0.0000402314,0.0005253571,0.00000437742,0.000005610303,0.00003823445,0.00001841754,0.9972899,0.001487975,0.0003418404,0.0002286514,0.000007263914],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9423667,0.0003197174,0.04459921,0.0003486625,0.00003273371,0.0000710549,0.0002767208,0.00009663863,0.01188871],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9913282,0.0001726162,0.006468825,0.00005728563,0.000006854672,0.00005268539,0.0001195409,0.00001687421,0.001777069],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.00795228,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01581198,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3087897129","doi":"10.1016/j.pacs.2020.100207","title":"Towards non-contact photoacoustic imaging [review]","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Photoacoustics","topic":"Photoacoustic and Ultrasonic Imaging","field":"Engineering","cited_by":106,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Waterloo; Canada Foundation for Innovation","keywords":"Microscope; Optical coherence tomography; Photoacoustic imaging in biomedicine; Materials science; Microscopy; Optics; Photoacoustic Doppler effect; Biomedical engineering; Optical microscope; Ultrasound; Optical imaging; Phase-contrast imaging; Phase contrast microscopy; Medicine; Acoustics; Physics","authors":[{"name":"Zohreh Hosseinaee","is_ca":true},{"name":"Martin Le","is_ca":true},{"name":"Kevan Bell","is_ca":true},{"name":"Parsin Haji Reza","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01696600801916069,"gpt":0.2741146945670809,"spread":0.2571486865479202,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005007431,0.0009776442,0.0009879863,0.003134741,0.0003088099,0.001260648,0.0008386516,0.001036275,0.006571816],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006108205,0.0004388958,0.0006053939,0.002463589,0.0003682778,0.001822045,0.0006822142,0.001688824,0.004045262],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004127702,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009343864,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007316769,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001413632,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997558,0.00002465725,0.00002543365,0.0000520196,0.0001149534,0.0000271398],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996424,0.0001274944,0.00005215313,0.00001158009,0.0001354533,0.00003086969],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003744876,0.0000836864,0.0001434433,0.02730976,0.00007886059,0.0002669799,0.00008325424,0.0003808559,0.008452439,0.00450919,0.03803853,0.9206156],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000006029552,0.00009041382,0.000448675,0.001776477,0.0000618268,0.00120425,0.00003835364,0.0001272058,0.001574717,0.00105028,0.9935986,0.00002313375],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0002929558,0.9953073,0.0007764429,0.0002380428,0.0004349792,0.0000158961,0.00004187992,0.00002742469,0.002865202],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00111903,0.9955978,0.0008335464,0.0002562495,0.0002191632,0.00001858169,0.00008272076,0.000004972674,0.001867883],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.006571816,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02198493,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3080789511","doi":"10.1038/s41378-020-0181-z","title":"Capacitive micromachined ultrasound transducers for intravascular ultrasound imaging","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Microsystems & Nanoengineering","topic":"Photoacoustic and Ultrasonic Imaging","field":"Engineering","cited_by":105,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Government of Canada","keywords":"Capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducers; Transducer; Materials science; Intravascular ultrasound; Ultrasonic sensor; Ultrasound; Acoustics; Piezoelectricity; Capacitive sensing; Computer science; Radiology; Medicine","authors":[{"name":"Jiaqi Wang","is_ca":true},{"name":"Zhou Zheng","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jasmine Chan","is_ca":true},{"name":"John T. W. Yeow","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.009711789310825959,"gpt":0.2322300833347983,"spread":0.2225182940239724,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004655462,0.0006119227,0.0003454183,0.0006122654,0.0002490988,0.0005668995,0.0009672808,0.001453691,0.002195997],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001461404,0.0003684354,0.0003002769,0.0007957019,0.0004038681,0.001054864,0.0005279276,0.001059257,0.001049861],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007431601,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00058404,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005950689,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001518775,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989551,0.0001008631,0.00005894503,0.0002329736,0.0006113281,0.000040652],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999326,0.0001955947,0.0001198633,0.00005673508,0.0002632017,0.00003869177],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007193201,0.00003378125,0.0004460267,0.0009032373,0.00002379997,0.0003217381,0.0001289855,0.001200061,0.8623303,0.007757804,0.005240295,0.1215421],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003972784,0.000433189,0.002598518,0.0001713386,0.00008012,0.002900679,0.0001148841,0.02160678,0.7641883,0.002274787,0.2054582,0.0001336153],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.04945291,0.07687928,0.8341562,0.002957369,0.004046737,0.0006152778,0.0005667324,0.002315913,0.02900974],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.3723587,0.02418442,0.5794922,0.002327988,0.001036359,0.0004145479,0.0004759027,0.0001242835,0.01958564],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.002195997,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.007346272,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2913861363","doi":"10.1016/s0301-5629(00)00155-1","title":"Nonlinear imaging","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology","topic":"Photoacoustic and Ultrasonic Imaging","field":"Engineering","cited_by":104,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Sunnybrook Health Science Centre; Health Sciences Centre; University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Harmonics; Nonlinear system; Acoustics; Bubble; Physics; Nonlinear acoustics; Oscillation (cell signaling); High harmonic generation; Optics; Harmonic; SIGNAL (programming language); Mechanics; Computer science; Laser; Chemistry","authors":[{"name":"Peter N. Burns","is_ca":true},{"name":"David Hope Simpson","is_ca":true},{"name":"Michalakis A. Averkiou","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.006303351400094677,"gpt":0.2420302464031427,"spread":0.2357268950030481,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000236019,0.0005593779,0.0003505903,0.0006304071,0.000553468,0.001211477,0.000603366,0.0009119783,0.03150612],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006891664,0.0002778168,0.0002538038,0.0004651091,0.0006553911,0.001135525,0.001291979,0.0008542003,0.01648623],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005190421,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004055608,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006529157,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008301305,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997502,0.0000252991,0.000007829243,0.00006213541,0.0001331993,0.00002126474],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999774,0.0000381347,0.00001910932,0.00006566395,0.00008292045,0.00002012864],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001774581,0.00006686468,0.0008115964,0.0003901792,0.00004600094,0.0002527703,0.0002199233,0.007048639,0.2055323,0.2776106,0.0446987,0.463145],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00005194837,0.0001060212,0.002734986,0.0001226454,0.00006039268,0.00170007,0.0001677079,0.1441438,0.2065595,0.09543534,0.5488156,0.0001020942],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.01829287,0.004946179,0.5018147,0.002217145,0.001226854,0.0001488695,0.0007472322,0.001775091,0.4688311],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.2431159,0.005336172,0.149126,0.001005525,0.0006074006,0.0002276395,0.001439571,0.0007208955,0.5984209],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.03150612,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1053985,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2278892002","doi":"10.1016/j.pacs.2016.01.001","title":"High resolution ultrasound and photoacoustic imaging of single cells","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Photoacoustics","topic":"Photoacoustic and Ultrasonic Imaging","field":"Engineering","cited_by":98,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University; St. Michael's Hospital","funders":"Ontario Ministry of Research and Innovation; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Ontario Ministry of Research, Innovation and Science; Canada Research Chairs; Canadian Cancer Society; Lotte and John Hecht Memorial Foundation; Ryerson University","keywords":"Photoacoustic Doppler effect; Materials science; Photoacoustic imaging in biomedicine; Laser; Microscope; Ultrasound; Optics; Photoacoustic effect; Transducer; Wavelength; Acoustic microscopy; Photoacoustic spectroscopy; Ultrasonic sensor; Resolution (logic); Biomedical engineering; Optoelectronics; Microscopy; Acoustics; Medicine; Computer science; Radiology","authors":[{"name":"Eric M. Strohm","is_ca":true},{"name":"Michael J. Moore","is_ca":true},{"name":"Michael C. Kolios","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.006422944521610472,"gpt":0.183077924518149,"spread":0.1766549799965385,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004085984,0.0002619804,0.0003640703,0.0007079736,0.0002457574,0.000371972,0.0003309841,0.0007160914,0.001865668],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003336142,0.0002989512,0.0001470138,0.0005094612,0.0003373625,0.0005111468,0.0003893187,0.0004968916,0.0005396741],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002065755,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002077721,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005089178,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008042863,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997235,0.00004113403,0.00001662206,0.00007649838,0.00009501773,0.00004730382],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997185,0.00009794343,0.00002860733,0.00004520412,0.00006781827,0.00004191249],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000239272,0.000006588092,0.00005435088,0.00001652214,0.000001190611,0.00003027247,0.00001705187,0.0000732365,0.9980009,0.00007923218,0.00002198875,0.001674682],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002285324,0.0002318761,0.004962239,0.00001191903,0.00001513919,0.0008010023,0.00009306022,0.009408175,0.9807622,0.0003244136,0.003348273,0.00001898826],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8072219,0.003105233,0.1838226,0.000248062,0.00006817152,0.0001617377,0.0004171817,0.0006351611,0.004319865],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7096199,0.001881075,0.2806518,0.0001636813,0.00006672532,0.0003322613,0.0003814586,0.00009779417,0.006805272],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001865668,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.006241262,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2225218646","doi":"10.1117/1.nph.3.1.010901","title":"Review on photoacoustic imaging of the brain using nanoprobes","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Neurophotonics","topic":"Photoacoustic and Ultrasonic Imaging","field":"Engineering","cited_by":97,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"University at Buffalo; University of Toronto; Washington University in St. Louis; Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics; Ohio State University","keywords":"Neuroimaging; Photoacoustic imaging in biomedicine; Magnetic resonance imaging; Modality (human–computer interaction); Optical imaging; Neuroscience; Biomedical engineering; Materials science; Computer science; Medicine; Artificial intelligence; Radiology; Psychology; Optics; Physics","authors":[{"name":"Depeng Wang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Yun Wu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jun Xia","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02385152928211352,"gpt":0.2801514273445849,"spread":0.2562998980624713,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003053652,0.001052809,0.0008152254,0.002423275,0.0002786655,0.0006319703,0.0007261418,0.0008746143,0.004292347],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004382404,0.000402335,0.0004798897,0.002108511,0.0002765146,0.001225339,0.0004682142,0.0009084291,0.002621765],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004079292,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006630029,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007639792,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001217758,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998763,0.000015115,0.00001847697,0.00003003661,0.00004600831,0.0000140466],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997626,0.0001180374,0.0000355798,0.000008287731,0.00005874912,0.00001669535],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000523953,0.00009688316,0.0001728418,0.03494433,0.00009843738,0.0004477944,0.0001065262,0.0006455257,0.02130612,0.004823248,0.04004819,0.8972577],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004909947,0.00006667382,0.0005511481,0.002387927,0.00008384044,0.00126075,0.00004386994,0.0001305064,0.00485319,0.00120107,0.9893924,0.00002370059],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0002727231,0.9964404,0.0006062618,0.0001978327,0.0002667459,0.000008183188,0.00003321906,0.00001727519,0.002157327],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.001108106,0.9961747,0.0005953506,0.000177934,0.0001501402,0.00001184469,0.00004815945,0.000004338196,0.001729349],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.004292347,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0143593,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3127471220","doi":"10.1109/tmi.2021.3056951","title":"A Deep Learning Framework for Spatiotemporal Ultrasound Localization Microscopy","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging","topic":"Photoacoustic and Ultrasonic Imaging","field":"Engineering","cited_by":96,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Montreal Heart Institute; Mila - Quebec Artificial Intelligence Institute; Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Institut de Valorisation des Données; Canada First Research Excellence Fund; Institut TransMedTech; Fonds de recherche du Québec – Nature et technologies; Réseau en Bio-Imagerie du Quebec","keywords":"Microbubbles; Convolutional neural network; Computer science; Artificial intelligence; Deep learning; Ground truth; Microscopy; Computer vision; In silico; Ultrasound; Biomedical engineering; Pattern recognition (psychology); Physics; Optics; Chemistry; Acoustics; Medicine","authors":[{"name":"Léo Milecki","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jonathan Porée","is_ca":true},{"name":"Hatim Belgharbi","is_ca":true},{"name":"Chloé Bourquin","is_ca":true},{"name":"Rafat Damseh","is_ca":true},{"name":"Patrick Delafontaine-Martel","is_ca":true},{"name":"Frédéric Lesage","is_ca":true},{"name":"Maxime Gasse","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jean Provost","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.00682250544945267,"gpt":0.2567186391981233,"spread":0.2498961337486706,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004626539,0.0006587521,0.000518141,0.0003751595,0.0002005044,0.0005416545,0.001278916,0.0008288058,0.001364766],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009060472,0.0003918989,0.0006210429,0.0004043252,0.0004304627,0.0006366671,0.000909098,0.001102036,0.0004004154],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001115922,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001159139,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01083544,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0117301,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998407,0.00003152848,0.000007799336,0.00004142736,0.00005151295,0.00002709751],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998353,0.00006171707,0.00001962853,0.00001501157,0.00005205868,0.00001619694],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000628893,0.00004100031,0.0003997819,0.00008501395,0.00006001494,0.0000736579,0.00002620611,0.8486112,0.008388116,0.01746908,0.002842337,0.1219407],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000002017642,0.00000948754,0.00003456849,0.000003384613,0.000002657044,0.000007122455,0.000001302411,0.9961875,0.0007208385,0.002401982,0.000626815,0.000002343581],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.004095693,0.000499341,0.9935666,0.0001668555,0.00003081003,0.00001543428,0.0001161629,0.0008050079,0.000703993],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.4230647,0.001591327,0.5649806,0.0004047933,0.0001048088,0.0002861602,0.001116262,0.0002718715,0.008179468],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01083544,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02154475,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2184108165","doi":"10.1002/smll.201502450","title":"Porphyrin Nanodroplets: Sub‐micrometer Ultrasound and Photoacoustic Contrast Imaging Agents","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Small","topic":"Photoacoustic and Ultrasonic Imaging","field":"Engineering","cited_by":96,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Terry Fox Foundation; University of Alberta","keywords":"Microbubbles; Materials science; Ultrasound; Porphyrin; Nanoparticle; Fluorescence-lifetime imaging microscopy; Microscopy; Molecular imaging; Nanotechnology; Fluorescence; Biomedical engineering; Biophysics; Chemistry; Optics; Photochemistry; Radiology; In vivo","authors":[{"name":"Robert J. Paproski","is_ca":true},{"name":"Alexander Forbrich","is_ca":true},{"name":"Elizabeth Huynh","is_ca":true},{"name":"Juan Chen","is_ca":true},{"name":"John D. Lewis","is_ca":true},{"name":"Gang Zheng","is_ca":true},{"name":"Roger J. Zemp","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01498004364343115,"gpt":0.1973098040790525,"spread":0.1823297604356214,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001242586,0.0003737881,0.0002454752,0.0002833212,0.0001430195,0.0003525816,0.0003183074,0.0004480268,0.0007339107],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001785649,0.0001787586,0.0001587111,0.000129648,0.0002304454,0.0004542547,0.0003267749,0.0005309689,0.0003640668],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004608589,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001733543,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003411464,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004299886,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998959,0.00001210924,0.000005405411,0.00002492524,0.00004271323,0.00001896824],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998965,0.00002046763,0.0000357436,0.000007771171,0.00001164343,0.00002774828],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002647228,0.00001786152,0.00005025152,0.00003921076,0.000003074236,0.00004721117,0.000008221656,0.0001451544,0.9934549,0.0002518094,0.00009959391,0.005856201],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001040688,0.0001200833,0.0003646176,0.000002990582,0.000007416819,0.0002116385,0.00000316241,0.001116176,0.9929542,0.00008258817,0.005122015,0.000004632668],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8497823,0.0168199,0.1215058,0.0008782656,0.0002252696,0.0003348949,0.0004265772,0.001405675,0.00862131],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9118354,0.005154009,0.07363643,0.0003071777,0.00008395719,0.0002499271,0.0002447607,0.0001008967,0.008387493],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0007339107,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003343821,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1989970294","doi":"10.1038/nphoton.2014.111","title":"Truncated-correlation photothermal coherence tomography for deep subsurface analysis","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nature Photonics","topic":"Photoacoustic and Ultrasonic Imaging","field":"Engineering","cited_by":95,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Photothermal therapy; Optical coherence tomography; Optics; Materials science; Planar; Tomography; Coherence (philosophical gambling strategy); Classification of discontinuities; Photon diffusion; Optical tomography; Physics; Light source; Computer science; Mathematics","authors":[{"name":"Sreekumar Kaiplavil","is_ca":true},{"name":"Andreas Mandelis","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.002778446785827868,"gpt":0.2030322082103418,"spread":0.200253761424514,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002963199,0.0006400918,0.0003387564,0.0004686845,0.0002465126,0.0006036898,0.0006847284,0.0005634065,0.002117291],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001361955,0.0003715683,0.000273907,0.0007594227,0.0005888481,0.0014934,0.0007709464,0.001002074,0.000566463],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004576151,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00111188,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002015034,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004405447,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998351,0.00003641192,0.000007658441,0.00002406965,0.0000754489,0.00002125933],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999335,0.0002378783,0.0000999452,0.0001392686,0.0001539174,0.00003395856],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004291678,0.0001681971,0.003521724,0.0004102763,0.0001006123,0.0005178204,0.000228495,0.2183943,0.5910547,0.04986614,0.005148846,0.1301597],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000008722123,0.00002783647,0.0006757902,0.00001043232,0.00001344689,0.0000997333,0.00003222931,0.9539773,0.03724407,0.006801558,0.001083732,0.00002510236],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.0519211,0.0003398767,0.944343,0.0001329596,0.0000210428,0.00004133235,0.0003633217,0.0007837277,0.002053729],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.5742429,0.0006315301,0.4205096,0.0001344021,0.00002609499,0.0001240424,0.0007443827,0.0002916745,0.003295328],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.002117291,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.007082999,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2115849172","doi":"10.1117/1.jbo.17.12.125006","title":"Photoacoustic ultrasound spectroscopy for assessing red blood cell aggregation and oxygenation","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Biomedical Optics","topic":"Photoacoustic and Ultrasonic Imaging","field":"Engineering","cited_by":94,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canadian Institutes of Health Research; Terry Fox Foundation","keywords":"Oxygenation; Hematocrit; Materials science; Blood oxygenation; Spectroscopy; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Red blood cell; Ultrasound; Spectral line; Photoacoustic spectroscopy; Oxygen; Biomedical engineering; Chemistry; Nuclear magnetic resonance; Photoacoustic imaging in biomedicine; Optics; Chromatography; Medicine; Acoustics; Physics","authors":[{"name":"Eno Hysi","is_ca":true},{"name":"Ratan K. Saha","is_ca":false},{"name":"Michael C. Kolios","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.007937652094704073,"gpt":0.2383902636483472,"spread":0.2304526115536431,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001143625,0.0003485946,0.0002985986,0.0005017741,0.0002657203,0.0004935747,0.0004070712,0.0007080717,0.0005674768],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001473849,0.0002536908,0.000265902,0.0004643681,0.0004339706,0.0006028865,0.0003138258,0.0004838558,0.0002849569],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003930964,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005186425,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007265339,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001004059,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994778,0.0001978951,0.00001839398,0.00006930009,0.0002142098,0.00002246738],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992939,0.0004238018,0.00009249495,0.00005616189,0.0001035841,0.00002998359],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007355787,0.00006839961,0.003147426,0.0001536202,0.00002062115,0.00005393585,0.00005547363,0.003435476,0.9579613,0.001959684,0.0002579893,0.03281258],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001722573,0.0005528497,0.01049869,0.00005260521,0.000072863,0.000564992,0.00006492254,0.1232651,0.8565063,0.002098382,0.006236907,0.00006910685],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.2484467,0.01097312,0.7352569,0.0005532562,0.0001148909,0.0001399966,0.0001634703,0.000493601,0.003858209],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6234035,0.005960448,0.3684539,0.0002093378,0.00007492271,0.0001860881,0.0001500226,0.00003659532,0.001525143],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.001143625,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.006048083,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2167336982","doi":"10.1088/0031-9155/50/19/015","title":"Correction of artefacts in optical projection tomography","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physics in Medicine and Biology","topic":"Photoacoustic and Ultrasonic Imaging","field":"Engineering","cited_by":94,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"SickKids Foundation; Hospital for Sick Children; University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Projection (relational algebra); Optics; Tomography; Resolution (logic); Detector; Pixel; Computer vision; Truncation (statistics); Image quality; Computer science; Artificial intelligence; Image resolution; Physics; Position (finance); Field of view; Angular resolution (graph drawing); SIGNAL (programming language); Image (mathematics); Mathematics; Algorithm","authors":[{"name":"Johnathon R. Walls","is_ca":true},{"name":"John G. Sled","is_ca":false},{"name":"James Sharpe","is_ca":false},{"name":"R. Mark Henkelman","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0621493251277843,"gpt":0.3170645876113997,"spread":0.2549152624836154,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004298441,0.001018108,0.0006643691,0.001216894,0.0006735037,0.001669885,0.0009437379,0.001257209,0.002213023],"category_scores_gemma":[0.03208588,0.0009561359,0.0005585062,0.001685104,0.001414866,0.001400558,0.001985786,0.001956428,0.000884244],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005456257,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001067699,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000918429,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00112553,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9969765,0.0008724469,0.0002342073,0.0003633173,0.0013935,0.000160052],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9881912,0.007070265,0.00132463,0.001870735,0.001399532,0.0001436733],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001061517,0.00006146998,0.01080116,0.001757817,0.000140244,0.00266967,0.001969976,0.0284386,0.5865071,0.02185926,0.004730264,0.3400029],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001105298,0.0006407297,0.02850753,0.0002912376,0.0002705891,0.01598471,0.0004112207,0.1135564,0.7612735,0.01552673,0.06316085,0.0002659075],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.04746501,0.001360195,0.9468881,0.0003482418,0.0002627582,0.00007121657,0.00008050301,0.001598461,0.001925542],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.2043816,0.0015882,0.7886603,0.000245357,0.0001105452,0.0001652875,0.0002522411,0.001260473,0.003335925],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.004298441,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02273256,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2059441307","doi":"10.1364/oe.17.022041","title":"Combined photoacoustic and ultrasound biomicroscopy","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Express","topic":"Photoacoustic and Ultrasonic Imaging","field":"Engineering","cited_by":92,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Photoacoustic Doppler effect; Ultrasound; Photoacoustic imaging in biomedicine; Speckle pattern; Materials science; Optics; Photoacoustic effect; Transducer; Laser; Biomedical engineering; Ultrasonic sensor; Context (archaeology); Blood flow; Acoustics; Medicine; Radiology; Physics","authors":[{"name":"Tyler Harrison","is_ca":true},{"name":"Janaka C. Ranasinghesagara","is_ca":true},{"name":"Huihong Lu","is_ca":true},{"name":"Kory W. Mathewson","is_ca":true},{"name":"Andrew Walsh","is_ca":true},{"name":"Roger J. Zemp","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.005704093858276556,"gpt":0.2102515296002006,"spread":0.2045474357419241,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008436446,0.0006771387,0.000679418,0.00105486,0.0002516715,0.0007145859,0.0009712785,0.000941887,0.001987937],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008262981,0.0006394279,0.0004021268,0.0004808751,0.0005148599,0.001157921,0.001187924,0.0007412427,0.001289963],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002552159,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003752769,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003889717,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009218407,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988663,0.000143288,0.00004752673,0.0002542505,0.0005822793,0.0001063592],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99941,0.0002269367,0.00007146494,0.00008937693,0.0001390643,0.0000630979],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007473479,0.00003978287,0.0003517308,0.0001385385,0.00002156745,0.0001460015,0.0000319826,0.0002904658,0.9626691,0.000437114,0.0002892575,0.03550971],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003124939,0.0006473378,0.002713249,0.00002758846,0.00007949337,0.002274161,0.00003558562,0.009928426,0.9730932,0.0004730797,0.01062932,0.00006747866],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3143191,0.0254779,0.645803,0.000890471,0.0004275902,0.0003724588,0.0002360945,0.002520804,0.009952517],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.4844049,0.006057135,0.4976237,0.0005640957,0.0002891078,0.0003993282,0.0002040253,0.000150449,0.0103073],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.001987937,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.006650329,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2156652532","doi":"10.1364/ol.36.004107","title":"Label-free in vivo fiber-based optical-resolution photoacoustic microscopy","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Letters","topic":"Photoacoustic and Ultrasonic Imaging","field":"Engineering","cited_by":89,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Terry Fox Foundation","keywords":"Optics; Materials science; Fiber laser; Laser; Optical fiber; Resolution (logic); Fiber; Microscopy; Bundle; Ytterbium; Optoelectronics; Computer science; Physics","authors":[{"name":"Wei Shi","is_ca":true},{"name":"Roger J. Zemp","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01390587906423629,"gpt":0.2074427640007339,"spread":0.1935368849364976,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003349552,0.0003314356,0.0002669043,0.0001746227,0.0002161536,0.0003434349,0.0007758355,0.0006282674,0.001057945],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003147211,0.0002682272,0.0001151472,0.0000867933,0.0003771482,0.0006841485,0.0003398776,0.0005994687,0.0005326751],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002878431,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002755241,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000548016,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008743393,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998399,0.00002850027,0.000006757571,0.00004977721,0.00005259547,0.00002245073],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997469,0.00007448648,0.00007145916,0.00004903388,0.00003474941,0.00002326134],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002389036,0.000007844221,0.00002797956,0.00002796046,0.000001286111,0.00001391255,0.00001037624,0.00006584248,0.9972811,0.0001300288,0.00005451604,0.002355305],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000006959337,0.00006474593,0.0002979043,0.000002795124,0.00000546964,0.0002010271,0.000007174227,0.002200763,0.9944887,0.00006594125,0.002650317,0.000008195662],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6129975,0.003471813,0.3763442,0.0007410343,0.0002255274,0.0001674844,0.0004036687,0.001601007,0.004047836],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7028365,0.002041816,0.2879383,0.0001813132,0.0001023198,0.0001659167,0.0002512619,0.0001609013,0.006321616],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001057945,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003539205,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2511822851","doi":"10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b01867","title":"Synthesis of Stable Multifunctional Perfluorocarbon Nanoemulsions for Cancer Therapy and Imaging","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Langmuir","topic":"Photoacoustic and Ultrasonic Imaging","field":"Engineering","cited_by":89,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University; University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canadian Institutes of Health Research; Canada Foundation for Innovation; Ryerson University","keywords":"Photoacoustic imaging in biomedicine; Nanotechnology; Drug delivery; Fluorescence-lifetime imaging microscopy; Molecular imaging; Nanoparticle; Cancer imaging; Cancer therapy; Endocytosis; In vivo; Photothermal therapy; Materials science; Imaging agent; Fluorescence; Biomedical engineering; Chemistry; Cancer; Medicine","authors":[{"name":"Donald A. Fernandes","is_ca":true},{"name":"Dennis D. Fernandes","is_ca":true},{"name":"Yuchong Li","is_ca":true},{"name":"Yan Wang","is_ca":true},{"name":"Zhenfu Zhang","is_ca":true},{"name":"Dérick Rousseau","is_ca":true},{"name":"Claudiu C. Gradinaru","is_ca":true},{"name":"Michael C. Kolios","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01158393776524891,"gpt":0.2183995085365691,"spread":0.2068155707713202,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002697586,0.0003615692,0.0001555389,0.0002446075,0.0001576822,0.0001466835,0.0001670225,0.0003297416,0.00076993],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002502473,0.0001571134,0.0002030375,0.0001112596,0.0001691668,0.0002901608,0.0001731524,0.0003244216,0.0003125157],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002970811,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003612023,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003907318,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008987354,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999127,0.00000767139,0.00001165171,0.00001940527,0.00003425082,0.00001427504],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998937,0.00001569247,0.00003987879,0.000006848173,0.0000274005,0.00001646149],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000174752,0.00001114209,0.00002458358,0.00005143279,0.000002521433,0.0000343807,0.0000114944,0.0001235289,0.9960626,0.0002248743,0.00005784808,0.003378183],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001811252,0.0001019723,0.0001867037,0.00000641789,0.000005843399,0.000110049,0.000004612086,0.0009088889,0.9928368,0.00005066374,0.005763476,0.000006516346],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8243374,0.00814573,0.1573483,0.0005439868,0.0003088362,0.0008878033,0.0007936859,0.0006678701,0.006966356],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8400625,0.003989685,0.147256,0.0001926679,0.00005538986,0.0003596282,0.0006488559,0.0001496422,0.007285584],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.00076993,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002575696,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2003253815","doi":"10.1103/physrevlett.107.165901","title":"Thermal Coherence Tomography Using Match Filter Binary Phase Coded Diffusion Waves","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical Review Letters","topic":"Photoacoustic and Ultrasonic Imaging","field":"Engineering","cited_by":87,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research","funders":"","keywords":"Physics; Axial symmetry; Tomography; Deconvolution; Diffusion; Optics; Coherence (philosophical gambling strategy); Phase (matter); Energy (signal processing); Binary number; Computational physics; Filter (signal processing); Acoustics; Computer science","authors":[{"name":"Nima Tabatabaei","is_ca":true},{"name":"Andreas Mandelis","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02650130109078671,"gpt":0.2661382168853056,"spread":0.2396369157945189,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003968611,0.0002968093,0.0002277854,0.0003852125,0.0001370198,0.000783978,0.0003469239,0.0006456877,0.0007471086],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001261515,0.0002689063,0.0001144661,0.0005016183,0.0004932149,0.001007897,0.0005733135,0.0003086898,0.0001615885],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006009217,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004041132,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008010856,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001166581,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998041,0.00004030737,0.000008116848,0.00004162988,0.00008780864,0.00001802554],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999698,0.0001219166,0.00007854445,0.00003823252,0.00004257639,0.00002079935],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005740238,0.00008028035,0.001201489,0.0001616162,0.00002721163,0.000141015,0.0001076241,0.01484094,0.9116786,0.01554676,0.0005028342,0.05513771],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001470065,0.0002295046,0.001878111,0.0000228649,0.00003305113,0.0003731951,0.0000444551,0.3232237,0.6669494,0.004308802,0.002731801,0.00005805286],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.5344355,0.0006578587,0.4602403,0.0005785123,0.00004686698,0.00008352178,0.0002035545,0.0003991685,0.003354656],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7055631,0.0004626928,0.291824,0.0001146045,0.00001886513,0.00006716265,0.00009442015,0.00003820366,0.00181704],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0008010856,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.00436002,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2231811577","doi":"10.1039/c5nr08165c","title":"Stable J-aggregation enabled dual photoacoustic and fluorescence nanoparticles for intraoperative cancer imaging","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nanoscale","topic":"Photoacoustic and Ultrasonic Imaging","field":"Engineering","cited_by":87,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Princess Margaret Cancer Centre; Sunnybrook Hospital; University of Toronto; University Health Network","funders":"Terry Fox Research Institute","keywords":"Photoacoustic imaging in biomedicine; Fluorescence; Nanoparticle; Materials science; Fluorescence-lifetime imaging microscopy; Nanotechnology; Aggregation-induced emission; Dual (grammatical number); Cancer; Biophysics; Biomedical engineering; Optics; Medicine; Physics","authors":[{"name":"Mojdeh Shakiba","is_ca":true},{"name":"Kenneth K. Ng","is_ca":true},{"name":"Elizabeth Huynh","is_ca":true},{"name":"Harley Chan","is_ca":true},{"name":"Danielle M. Charron","is_ca":true},{"name":"Juan Chen","is_ca":true},{"name":"Nidal Muhanna","is_ca":true},{"name":"F. Stuart Foster","is_ca":true},{"name":"Brian C. Wilson","is_ca":true},{"name":"Gang Zheng","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01360513437726124,"gpt":0.237402896264923,"spread":0.2237977618876617,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018876,0.0002488616,0.0001666946,0.0001897335,0.0001559929,0.00021345,0.0002012299,0.0003744987,0.0003339101],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002264473,0.0001952708,0.0001649548,0.0001358727,0.0001892421,0.0003797089,0.0002894825,0.0003331768,0.0001787365],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003128388,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001983689,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005745079,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001044351,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998919,0.00001375292,0.00000848582,0.00002871951,0.00003709375,0.00002013374],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999885,0.00002406824,0.0000315478,0.00001057102,0.0000298178,0.00001897146],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001369868,0.000005418567,0.00004942004,0.00001195903,9.187913e-7,0.00001790696,0.00001054583,0.00008890493,0.9988085,0.00005732622,0.00002339512,0.0009119983],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003163112,0.00004562247,0.0005463217,0.000001483443,0.000004781648,0.00008134947,0.000007728306,0.002186531,0.9964182,0.00001984328,0.0006804263,0.00000451628],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9666535,0.001094635,0.02959965,0.0001421325,0.00004031794,0.00004335474,0.00007473024,0.0002124291,0.002139344],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.982913,0.000333758,0.01500975,0.00004781621,0.00001003656,0.00002677419,0.00005555433,0.00002879942,0.001574397],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0005745079,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002269804,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2768964249","doi":"10.1145/3130800.3130896","title":"Compact single-shot hyperspectral imaging using a prism","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACM Transactions on Graphics","topic":"Photoacoustic and Ultrasonic Imaging","field":"Engineering","cited_by":87,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Kootenay Association for Science & Technology","funders":"","keywords":"Hyperspectral imaging; Coded aperture; Computer vision; Computer science; Artificial intelligence; Prism; Optics; Projection (relational algebra); Spectral imaging; Full spectral imaging; Perspective (graphical); Lens (geology); Dispersion (optics); Physics; Algorithm; Detector","authors":[{"name":"Seung-Hwan Baek","is_ca":true},{"name":"In‐Cheol Kim","is_ca":true},{"name":"Diego Gutiérrez","is_ca":false},{"name":"Min H. Kim","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04519796970407036,"gpt":0.271693112020705,"spread":0.2264951423166346,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003386495,0.0006352573,0.0004874548,0.0003474437,0.0002036853,0.0007406083,0.001133888,0.0006180881,0.001717272],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005830365,0.000572357,0.0005240508,0.0003639964,0.000505105,0.001409436,0.001209651,0.0008705478,0.000815495],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000514764,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006807678,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001113039,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001758468,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995378,0.00004791285,0.00001509531,0.0001178577,0.0002549049,0.00002642854],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996166,0.000103976,0.0000626354,0.0001023829,0.00007761558,0.00003675795],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001088366,0.00007615795,0.0004446652,0.0003103553,0.00004084972,0.000180679,0.0001342242,0.03396704,0.8876638,0.008831656,0.001371911,0.06686988],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003214068,0.0001488903,0.0008296121,0.00002849842,0.000022752,0.0006892284,0.00005548868,0.681391,0.3064972,0.002719461,0.007502105,0.00008369246],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.03781206,0.0004231915,0.9559047,0.0001548272,0.00005221904,0.0000552222,0.0001999807,0.001044753,0.004353063],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.1990577,0.0005279349,0.7969161,0.0001049203,0.00003099288,0.00007551166,0.0003104699,0.0001448019,0.002831573],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.001717272,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005744815,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2033737527","doi":"10.1364/ao.50.003145","title":"Estimating optical absorption, scattering, and Grueneisen distributions with multiple-illumination photoacoustic tomography","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Optics","topic":"Photoacoustic and Ultrasonic Imaging","field":"Engineering","cited_by":84,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","keywords":"Optics; Scattering; Photoacoustic tomography; Absorption (acoustics); Optical tomography; Diffuse optical imaging; Materials science; Tomography; Photoacoustic imaging in biomedicine; Resolution (logic); Attenuation coefficient; Photoacoustic effect; Photoacoustic spectroscopy; Physics; Computer science; Artificial intelligence","authors":[{"name":"Peng Shao","is_ca":true},{"name":"Ben Cox","is_ca":false},{"name":"Roger J. Zemp","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008147872576054998,"gpt":0.1874508142119606,"spread":0.1793029416359056,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007851155,0.0006044463,0.0004586826,0.0004091682,0.0002207294,0.0007238601,0.0007170622,0.000781661,0.0005220665],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003165619,0.0004043652,0.0002898965,0.0003441853,0.000960912,0.001528135,0.0008514857,0.001016779,0.0001679081],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004438027,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007258544,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001429516,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001815419,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997868,0.00006924519,0.00001018238,0.00003338884,0.0000853189,0.00001513732],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999073,0.0006465585,0.0001376848,0.00006571015,0.0000534528,0.00002349867],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001024223,0.00004619793,0.001131743,0.0001620652,0.0000227244,0.0002679238,0.0001216222,0.8232862,0.06099527,0.05589982,0.0003610555,0.05760298],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004109028,0.000008012689,0.0001140632,0.000003287442,0.000002112105,0.00005475915,0.000008070499,0.9861143,0.007770767,0.005709205,0.0002021986,0.000009047517],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.0185239,0.00007383648,0.9807031,0.0001073096,0.000003443929,0.00001428245,0.00001336964,0.0001054235,0.0004553654],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.3866376,0.0003542644,0.6116633,0.00003975111,0.00001518678,0.0000723474,0.00006578604,0.00005899486,0.001092743],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.001429516,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004152119,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2010225204","doi":"10.1364/boe.2.000771","title":"Tyrosinase as a dual reporter gene for both photoacoustic and magnetic resonance imaging","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biomedical Optics Express","topic":"Photoacoustic and Ultrasonic Imaging","field":"Engineering","cited_by":83,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Alberta; Cancer Research Institute","keywords":"Photoacoustic imaging in biomedicine; Magnetic resonance imaging; Reporter gene; Nuclear magnetic resonance; Tyrosinase; Dual (grammatical number); Gene; Optics; Medicine; Biology; Physics; Genetics; Gene expression; Radiology; Enzyme; Art","authors":[{"name":"Robert J. Paproski","is_ca":true},{"name":"Alexander Forbrich","is_ca":true},{"name":"Keith Wachowicz","is_ca":true},{"name":"Mary Hitt","is_ca":true},{"name":"Roger J. Zemp","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0122119301661093,"gpt":0.2157642972815095,"spread":0.2035523671154002,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007960795,0.000845045,0.0006274469,0.0005493305,0.0002676884,0.0006194368,0.0005224581,0.0009223898,0.001294572],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003600219,0.0005069137,0.0007044261,0.000413229,0.0005697586,0.0004608595,0.0004049281,0.001636677,0.0006986887],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006024733,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004164889,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00087882,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001400995,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994407,0.000101656,0.0000362716,0.0001693148,0.0001819899,0.00007010155],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996791,0.00009196212,0.00007286898,0.00003971055,0.00006159988,0.00005485787],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000179899,0.00001026703,0.00002271067,0.00001752759,0.000001871107,0.00001232363,0.00000769426,0.00001915676,0.999163,0.00009262132,0.00002453055,0.0006102511],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000005326355,0.00005477602,0.000184457,0.000002840395,0.000007265914,0.000162723,0.000005930583,0.0007438873,0.9969614,0.00002410698,0.001843068,0.000004198087],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.5778823,0.003004198,0.4117797,0.0007560359,0.0002897213,0.0002972774,0.0008991862,0.001124182,0.003967389],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6047403,0.002935356,0.3680406,0.0002590116,0.00008244193,0.0006151067,0.002039015,0.0003623505,0.02092574],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.001294572,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004371226,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2082997085","doi":"10.1063/1.3505113","title":"Signal-to-noise analysis of biomedical photoacoustic measurements in time and frequency domains","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Review of Scientific Instruments","topic":"Photoacoustic and Ultrasonic Imaging","field":"Engineering","cited_by":82,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Chirp; Waveform; Frequency modulation; Time domain; Optics; Modulation (music); Sensitivity (control systems); SIGNAL (programming language); Signal-to-noise ratio (imaging); Noise (video); Materials science; Frequency domain; Acoustics; Photoacoustic effect; Transducer; Photoacoustic imaging in biomedicine; Physics; Laser; Telecommunications; Computer science; Radio frequency; Radar; Electronic engineering","authors":[{"name":"Sergey A. Telenkov","is_ca":true},{"name":"Andreas Mandelis","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01096868563905701,"gpt":0.2416779107231968,"spread":0.2307092250841398,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001367455,0.0006440418,0.000417906,0.001012751,0.0002275631,0.0003997392,0.0005030746,0.000684472,0.001079605],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004218463,0.0001861564,0.0002660255,0.0006106721,0.0005673006,0.0005364044,0.0004046267,0.0004091811,0.0003602056],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003177811,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002045412,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003934021,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000403212,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989943,0.000281889,0.00005289955,0.0001597844,0.0004665207,0.00004466334],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9979443,0.00139593,0.0001423509,0.0001052992,0.0003818396,0.00003023059],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003928337,0.00007671386,0.001496094,0.0003500895,0.00005283207,0.0001789713,0.0001240124,0.005858416,0.9342414,0.001040072,0.0001493161,0.05603927],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001109473,0.0004831375,0.009902255,0.00003791397,0.00006972178,0.0008798093,0.00009109065,0.06144374,0.9231872,0.001537019,0.002304157,0.00005282436],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3843988,0.002454284,0.6066687,0.0002305033,0.00008454522,0.0001560691,0.0002504966,0.0008514042,0.004905196],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8459153,0.001683596,0.1493497,0.0001745439,0.00005035174,0.0003086196,0.0003576799,0.0001113678,0.002048952],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.001367455,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.007231832,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2145175458","doi":"10.1038/srep05329","title":"Multi-wavelength photoacoustic imaging of inducible tyrosinase reporter gene expression in xenograft tumors","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Scientific Reports","topic":"Photoacoustic and Ultrasonic Imaging","field":"Engineering","cited_by":80,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"FujiFilm VisualSonics (Canada); University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Alberta Innovates; Alberta Innovates - Health Solutions; Prostate Cancer Canada; Cancer Research Institute","keywords":"Photoacoustic imaging in biomedicine; Tyrosinase; Gene expression; Reporter gene; Gene; Cancer research; Molecular biology; Biology; Enzyme; Optics; Biochemistry; Physics","authors":[{"name":"Robert J. Paproski","is_ca":true},{"name":"Andrew Heinmiller","is_ca":true},{"name":"Keith Wachowicz","is_ca":true},{"name":"Roger J. Zemp","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01019809428208625,"gpt":0.2198862294662892,"spread":0.2096881351842029,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002453968,0.0003379366,0.0002717403,0.0003749193,0.0001093049,0.0002502111,0.0002645373,0.0003337598,0.0006167526],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001209825,0.0002016276,0.0002098913,0.0001907959,0.0002009543,0.0003366752,0.0001967437,0.0008607481,0.0002252733],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003273932,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001925081,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008910456,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001062805,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999893,0.00001143291,0.000005953832,0.00003430398,0.00003022747,0.00002505708],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997948,0.00004836553,0.00005322711,0.00003366389,0.00002569235,0.00004423566],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001653463,0.00001018211,0.00004349471,0.000004752619,9.119452e-7,0.000008578808,0.00000493904,0.00006564569,0.9995198,0.00003661316,0.000009573839,0.0002788988],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003333592,0.00007840384,0.0007012127,0.000001256662,0.000003748329,0.00005864716,0.000006857565,0.002071341,0.9968289,0.00001607596,0.0002286519,0.000001582656],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9646714,0.0009080575,0.03189625,0.000125183,0.0000384299,0.00005225709,0.0003541894,0.0004319796,0.001522202],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9722289,0.0006145613,0.02343087,0.00002860283,0.00001075737,0.00007254333,0.0003148675,0.00007960081,0.003219256],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0008910456,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002375424,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2036587633","doi":"10.1063/1.3116136","title":"Frequency-domain photothermoacoustics: Alternative imaging modality of biological tissues","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Physics","topic":"Photoacoustic and Ultrasonic Imaging","field":"Engineering","cited_by":79,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Frequency domain; Optics; Demodulation; SIGNAL (programming language); Materials science; Time domain; Signal processing; Signal-to-noise ratio (imaging); Pulse repetition frequency; Laser; Acoustics; Physics; Computer science; Digital signal processing; Telecommunications; Channel (broadcasting)","authors":[{"name":"Sergey A. Telenkov","is_ca":true},{"name":"Andreas Mandelis","is_ca":true},{"name":"Bahman Lashkari","is_ca":true},{"name":"Michael Forcht","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01162999259267806,"gpt":0.2337923084187254,"spread":0.2221623158260473,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002384412,0.0003167683,0.0001981286,0.0004158286,0.0001237893,0.0003781347,0.0005113836,0.000525762,0.001381105],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004830072,0.0001753231,0.0001542983,0.0002767781,0.0004610133,0.000588129,0.0003223096,0.0004054377,0.000347585],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000253583,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002321884,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002382737,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000296229,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998869,0.00002332166,0.000003646487,0.00002871682,0.000042777,0.00001460548],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99967,0.0001872144,0.00005381481,0.00003279484,0.00003715029,0.00001896654],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006787341,0.00001387688,0.0002793208,0.0001203747,0.00000603276,0.00008321553,0.00002486992,0.0008171636,0.9725562,0.0009414298,0.0001202411,0.02496943],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002357269,0.0003330762,0.003898339,0.000029507,0.00002897279,0.004049598,0.00006569692,0.04576094,0.9371585,0.001610258,0.006993562,0.0000479348],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4021905,0.007924701,0.5830829,0.0006927727,0.0001973072,0.00008082982,0.0001768369,0.0007925653,0.004861563],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7397435,0.003402938,0.2537709,0.0002036623,0.000119511,0.00007302414,0.00008461849,0.00003586983,0.002566114],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.001381105,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004620254,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2116831850","doi":"10.1117/1.jbo.17.6.061217","title":"Non-contact biomedical photoacoustic and ultrasound imaging","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Biomedical Optics","topic":"Photoacoustic and Ultrasonic Imaging","field":"Engineering","cited_by":79,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Optical coherence tomography; Ultrasound; Materials science; Laser; Photoacoustic imaging in biomedicine; Interferometry; Optics; Transducer; Ultrasonic sensor; Photoacoustic Doppler effect; Photoacoustic effect; Biomedical engineering; Photoacoustic spectroscopy; Acoustics; Medicine; Physics","authors":[{"name":"Guy Rousseau","is_ca":false},{"name":"Bruno Gauthier","is_ca":true},{"name":"Alain Blouin","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jean‐Pierre Monchalin","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.005177028864929225,"gpt":0.2189709742034325,"spread":0.2137939453385033,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004613402,0.0003683624,0.0002858941,0.0005226745,0.0001971391,0.000456887,0.0007027863,0.0007826165,0.002268005],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009778356,0.0003457702,0.0002425698,0.0004434887,0.0006715747,0.0008277991,0.0008991898,0.0004888109,0.0008020927],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002587373,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000298144,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003056985,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006168458,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991573,0.0001031629,0.00003009516,0.00018488,0.0004775466,0.00004699334],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991245,0.0003299487,0.0001945467,0.0001733942,0.0001351539,0.00004250812],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006438544,0.00002044301,0.0005649466,0.0001660648,0.000007811794,0.0001275752,0.00006135528,0.0003087278,0.9724417,0.001159279,0.000164295,0.0249135],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001137566,0.0002105483,0.005111268,0.00001441739,0.00001738156,0.002533332,0.00005349222,0.01036263,0.9738811,0.0007392095,0.007039061,0.00002605332],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3948598,0.007849615,0.5833784,0.0003602083,0.0001233699,0.0001926968,0.0002495038,0.0007905897,0.01219576],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.751229,0.002459753,0.2369298,0.0001874385,0.000100418,0.000162408,0.0002565898,0.00007937881,0.00859529],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.002268005,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.007587254,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2057662089","doi":"10.1038/jcbfm.2014.147","title":"Monitoring Stroke Progression: <i>In Vivo</i> Imaging of Cortical Perfusion, Blood—Brain Barrier Permeability and Cellular Damage in the Rat Photothrombosis Model","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism","topic":"Photoacoustic and Ultrasonic Imaging","field":"Engineering","cited_by":77,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"","keywords":"Blood–brain barrier; Ischemia; Medicine; Cerebral blood flow; Brain ischemia; In vivo; Brain damage; Stroke (engine); Neuroscience; Vascular permeability; Pathology; Anesthesia; Central nervous system; Biology; Cardiology; Internal medicine","authors":[{"name":"Karl Schoknecht","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ofer Prager","is_ca":false},{"name":"Udi Vazana","is_ca":false},{"name":"Lyna Kamintsky","is_ca":false},{"name":"Denise Harhausen","is_ca":false},{"name":"Marietta Zille","is_ca":false},{"name":"Lena Figge","is_ca":false},{"name":"Yoash Chassidim","is_ca":false},{"name":"Eyk Schellenberger","is_ca":false},{"name":"Richard J. Kovacs","is_ca":false},{"name":"Uwe Heinemann","is_ca":false},{"name":"Alon Friedman","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.005961425939001132,"gpt":0.2202735747298175,"spread":0.2143121487908163,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003799025,0.0008257153,0.0004117882,0.0006172171,0.0003014969,0.0003394519,0.0003709055,0.0005998991,0.00126492],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001501767,0.0003105018,0.0004012683,0.0003315731,0.0005124877,0.0005763046,0.0001959099,0.001251757,0.0003367113],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003939419,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006425633,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002680042,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004321222,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998658,0.00001700591,0.000009958435,0.00004127113,0.00002376985,0.00004221739],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998146,0.0000144193,0.00007646741,0.00002072225,0.00003936209,0.00003445198],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003051557,0.0001116039,0.0001978315,0.00003809308,0.00001001635,0.0000514149,0.00003260298,0.00009204791,0.9965653,0.0001008922,0.0001168961,0.00237818],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002088699,0.0009393793,0.002326743,0.000005982552,0.00004340575,0.0001341088,0.00002966181,0.0009049,0.9949464,0.00008022196,0.0005554484,0.00001288111],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9516675,0.002284276,0.04095359,0.0005133069,0.0001258489,0.0002133856,0.0006893635,0.0007076553,0.002845133],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9559034,0.004071304,0.03086185,0.0002100246,0.00004889027,0.0004628959,0.0006686788,0.0001052188,0.007667731],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.002680042,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005328953,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2019524855","doi":"10.1364/boe.5.000539","title":"In-Vivo functional optical-resolution photoacoustic microscopy with stimulated Raman scattering fiber-laser source","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biomedical Optics Express","topic":"Photoacoustic and Ultrasonic Imaging","field":"Engineering","cited_by":77,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Alberta Innovates; Canadian Cancer Society; University of Alberta; Cancer Research Institute","keywords":"Optics; Materials science; Raman scattering; Microscopy; Laser; Photoacoustic imaging in biomedicine; Resolution (logic); Optical fiber; Preclinical imaging; Fiber laser; Raman spectroscopy; In vivo; Physics; Computer science; Biology","authors":[{"name":"Parsin Haji Reza","is_ca":true},{"name":"Alexander Forbrich","is_ca":true},{"name":"Roger J. Zemp","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.006042994697167114,"gpt":0.2057683576767597,"spread":0.1997253629795926,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004941786,0.0005854348,0.0002513569,0.0002773114,0.0001839425,0.0002527326,0.0004837944,0.0005084235,0.001597448],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002392786,0.0003098445,0.000184072,0.0001047665,0.000325051,0.0005130067,0.0002775074,0.0004297051,0.0004329201],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002109874,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002366375,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003936735,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005720336,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998659,0.00003137408,0.000006198814,0.0000384704,0.00003734259,0.00002068371],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997995,0.0000670774,0.00004086037,0.00003413677,0.00003329241,0.00002510399],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002740616,0.000008251171,0.00003106879,0.00001672309,0.000001336881,0.00001140783,0.000004173048,0.00004133261,0.9989915,0.00004736995,0.00001568395,0.0008037122],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000008584437,0.0001463451,0.0007161247,0.00000294146,0.000008608054,0.0002676733,0.00000939296,0.002563169,0.9952013,0.00006320884,0.001006865,0.000005774597],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7601155,0.001313447,0.2342718,0.0003062012,0.00007141862,0.0002011265,0.0003539803,0.0009336583,0.002432863],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7215455,0.001437191,0.2716945,0.0001037415,0.00005291499,0.0003639218,0.0003312288,0.0001264251,0.004344576],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001597448,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005343974,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3187930626","doi":"10.1002/adhm.202101077","title":"Dual Ultrasound and Photoacoustic Tracking of Magnetically Driven Micromotors: From In Vitro to In Vivo","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Advanced Healthcare Materials","topic":"Photoacoustic and Ultrasonic Imaging","field":"Engineering","cited_by":77,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"FujiFilm VisualSonics (Canada)","funders":"Leibniz-Gemeinschaft; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft; European Commission","keywords":"Nanorobotics; Photoacoustic imaging in biomedicine; Multispectral image; Ultrasound; Biomedical engineering; In vivo; Computer science; Magnetic resonance imaging; Ex vivo; Medical imaging; Nanotechnology; Materials science; Artificial intelligence; Optics; Medicine; Biology; Radiology; Physics","authors":[{"name":"Azaam Aziz","is_ca":false},{"name":"Joost Holthof","is_ca":true},{"name":"Sandra Meyer","is_ca":true},{"name":"Oliver G. Schmidt","is_ca":false},{"name":"Mariana Medina‐Sánchez","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.00735250679031765,"gpt":0.238616932240911,"spread":0.2312644254505934,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003666767,0.0004092445,0.0002594119,0.0002067205,0.0001812188,0.0003810352,0.0003121512,0.0005726402,0.0004491598],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003443497,0.0002710008,0.000203473,0.0001490515,0.0003506511,0.000293473,0.0003165796,0.0005899427,0.0002498468],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003179056,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001815893,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00119197,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001761465,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998259,0.00003350709,0.00001251768,0.00005832799,0.00003806077,0.00003182126],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997547,0.00009241493,0.00005948257,0.00003023355,0.00003374723,0.00002942641],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003150405,0.00001749853,0.00008536991,0.00002913062,0.000002091861,0.00003724378,0.00002955923,0.00007650451,0.9983516,0.00008516815,0.00002291492,0.001231452],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004874769,0.0001268857,0.0006916515,0.000003618539,0.000008194325,0.00009435322,0.0000146238,0.001450522,0.9963008,0.00002500495,0.001274542,0.00000489006],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9309549,0.006415261,0.05731624,0.0003275053,0.0001584902,0.0001255728,0.0003184676,0.0002968451,0.004086748],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9595188,0.002824228,0.03289733,0.0001031213,0.00002801678,0.0001118119,0.0002997182,0.00005584906,0.004161075],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.00119197,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002370059,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}