{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":1001,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":1,"predictions_cover":1001,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12"},"query_hash":"6d5913b2ef92","filters":{"topic":"Power System Optimization and Stability"}},"results":[{"id":"W2912753047","doi":"10.1109/tpwrs.2019.2894769","title":"Power System Dynamic State Estimation: Motivations, Definitions, Methodologies, and Future Work","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Power Systems","topic":"Power System Optimization and Stability","field":"Engineering","cited_by":703,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Hydro-Québec","funders":"Division of Electrical, Communications and Cyber Systems; Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council; Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability","keywords":"Electric power system; Estimation; Reliability (semiconductor); State (computer science); Task (project management); Computer science; Reliability engineering; Resilience (materials science); Work (physics); Industrial engineering; Control engineering; Power (physics); Engineering; Systems engineering; Algorithm","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01694411709168987,"gpt":0.2280524109415734,"spread":0.2111082938498836,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000598527,0.0003614131,0.0004825183,0.0002984979,0.000195734,0.0001713267,0.0001708634,0.0002249654,0.0001709488],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001120543,0.0003490139,0.000115805,0.00060411,0.0000431181,0.0003441071,0.000002040341,0.0003359919,0.0002919721],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003726685,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005348993,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001146743,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000519811,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9978886,0.0002927727,0.0006751338,0.0004257445,0.0003324324,0.0003852643],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986078,0.0002916331,0.00010361,0.0006625469,0.0001264764,0.0002079271],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005756325,0.00007045634,0.0001960434,0.000757376,0.0002505113,0.000006769682,0.001406491,0.9939161,0.0001219974,0.001792343,0.0009371944,0.0004871637],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004138447,0.0005391693,0.005976764,0.001903174,0.0002316059,0.0005400861,0.01489968,0.9253501,0.0009114173,0.0001571965,0.04200251,0.003349822],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.01069581,0.0009304266,0.9721474,0.0001095546,0.007433005,0.0009622645,0.0002159609,0.001231915,0.006273641],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9948872,0.00012544,0.004155272,0.00003070592,0.000004766361,0.0001690384,0.00001709063,0.00006808673,0.0005423548],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9841914,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998962,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2157496029","doi":"10.1109/59.910791","title":"Wide-area measurement based stabilizing control of large power systems-a decentralized/hierarchical approach","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Power Systems","topic":"Power System Optimization and Stability","field":"Engineering","cited_by":596,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Hydro-Québec","funders":"","keywords":"Phasor; Electric power system; Control theory (sociology); Phasor measurement unit; Control engineering; Control system; Computer science; Reliability (semiconductor); Transmission system; Automatic Generation Control; Engineering; Transmission (telecommunications); Power (physics); Control (management); Telecommunications","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02146627558416366,"gpt":0.2193989605884566,"spread":0.197932685004293,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00153941,0.0004926436,0.000902547,0.0003498557,0.0001839334,0.0001236408,0.0003301543,0.0002887734,0.0002287552],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003269811,0.0004665552,0.0003436683,0.0005863128,0.00007417868,0.0002252752,0.000001500283,0.0004108645,0.00003214475],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005035243,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001178979,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006472676,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002671092,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9957559,0.0005087255,0.00128812,0.00053345,0.001168055,0.0007457416],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9979391,0.0002148009,0.0001642635,0.0009141113,0.0004232184,0.0003445804],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002020254,0.0007486413,0.0007808764,0.0006289898,0.0003259762,0.000009174041,0.0006056656,0.9949598,0.0009684321,0.0003053597,0.0004528237,0.00001226495],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004613438,0.0002320173,0.0003054685,0.0005015067,0.0001383426,0.00004851463,0.001192448,0.969731,0.0009406651,0.000002464926,0.02149701,0.0007971778],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.004096295,0.001151324,0.982309,0.00003667269,0.0038466,0.001636822,0.000292157,0.000587243,0.006043879],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992189,0.00002839636,0.0002235839,0.00004085178,0.000004073589,0.0002948486,0.000008164705,0.0000936526,0.00008751083],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9951226,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997786,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2041832602","doi":"10.1109/mpae.2006.1687814","title":"The anatomy of a power grid blackout - Root causes and dynamics of recent major blackouts","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Power and Energy Magazine","topic":"Power System Optimization and Stability","field":"Engineering","cited_by":433,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Blackout; Root cause; Power grid; Electric power system; Root (linguistics); Dynamics (music); Reliability engineering; Grid; Computer science; Power-system protection; System dynamics; Engineering; Power (physics); Forensic engineering; Risk analysis (engineering); Geology; Business; Physics; Artificial intelligence","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.004508686249988102,"gpt":0.2078796429641505,"spread":0.2033709567141624,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001646727,0.0001699268,0.0002668759,0.00006737882,0.00004906865,0.00002591628,0.00009303769,0.00007818206,0.00006628686],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001696267,0.0001289131,0.00004432594,0.0001769567,0.0001549735,0.00007360461,0.000028056,0.00006403566,0.000001535129],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003132256,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001580019,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009482649,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001788803,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999029,0.00003642113,0.0004104535,0.0001655371,0.0001543848,0.0002042349],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994109,0.00007210247,0.00007103888,0.00026467,0.000114944,0.00006633928],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001752039,0.002232781,0.1977175,0.003146887,0.002814897,0.0001285472,0.005487293,0.2630052,0.04224638,0.2733008,0.1840315,0.02413614],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005607201,0.0005933414,0.1829596,0.000249519,0.0002299686,0.0001157431,0.0005665122,0.1565658,0.02417072,0.002850276,0.6241683,0.001923074],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8468418,0.005830357,0.02587211,0.0007021449,0.002462321,0.000245402,0.0002951278,0.0002528829,0.1174979],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985872,0.0005320566,0.0001139917,0.00001364962,0.0000179802,0.00000602986,0.00001560022,0.00002304252,0.0006904524],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4401368,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5256926,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2161877694","doi":"10.1109/tpwrs.2009.2038059","title":"Online Monitoring of Voltage Stability Margin Using an Artificial Neural Network","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Power Systems","topic":"Power System Optimization and Stability","field":"Engineering","cited_by":277,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"","keywords":"Phasor; Margin (machine learning); Voltage; Artificial neural network; Control theory (sociology); Electric power system; Generator (circuit theory); Units of measurement; Engineering; Stability (learning theory); AC power; Power (physics); Computer science; Control (management); Artificial intelligence; Electrical engineering; Machine learning","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0357732314883415,"gpt":0.258220370076061,"spread":0.2224471385877195,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004630697,0.0002519249,0.0003917358,0.0001155217,0.0001396174,0.00006370925,0.000199236,0.0001977997,0.0001264338],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000006639368,0.0002605071,0.0001325262,0.0003577062,0.0000646731,0.0002961514,0.000001204205,0.0004724791,0.000006270837],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008984419,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003529814,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001371666,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002153833,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982142,0.0001120585,0.0007199522,0.0003005165,0.000296554,0.0003566937],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988374,0.00007816913,0.00008939932,0.0006774529,0.0001374283,0.0001802134],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002704832,0.0002855618,0.0009371422,0.0001082482,0.00003650795,0.000001932298,0.0004873495,0.9557893,0.04215404,0.00002713798,0.000007880602,0.000137817],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002813252,0.00009913567,0.001151241,0.00007356828,0.00003767282,0.0000180945,0.0008397467,0.9742185,0.02261053,0.000007764781,0.0002784377,0.0003839724],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.5000024,0.0000290368,0.4907022,0.000002450892,0.008594469,0.0002458321,0.0001045039,0.0002135118,0.0001056258],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989183,0.000002242137,0.0009041306,0.000002747217,0.00007556369,0.00001946068,0.000004816423,0.00005226224,0.00002048125],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4989159,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999847,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2102359339","doi":"10.1109/tcst.2011.2116022","title":"Wide-Area Control of Power Systems Through Delayed Network Communication","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology","topic":"Power System Optimization and Stability","field":"Engineering","cited_by":251,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Dropout (neural networks); Network packet; Control area; Controller (irrigation); Networked control system; Computer science; Control theory (sociology); Electric power system; Wide area network; Telecommunications network; Control system; Packet loss; Communications system; Control engineering; Power (physics); Control (management); Engineering; Computer network","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01328072606553123,"gpt":0.1996893186327084,"spread":0.1864085925671772,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000472081,0.000325451,0.0008291687,0.0002622752,0.0001627543,0.00002607025,0.0004908954,0.0005638665,0.00006377774],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001618127,0.0003196566,0.0001602032,0.0004942106,0.0001796161,0.0001967323,0.000001720081,0.0004205252,0.00004314988],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001588893,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003446678,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002472216,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000108693,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9977294,0.000249343,0.001055685,0.0003030532,0.0002203325,0.0004422335],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9979026,0.0002586486,0.0002416785,0.001238177,0.0002829205,0.00007595832],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001971173,0.0001838356,0.0004728226,0.0001423025,0.0007428697,0.00000428901,0.0004851703,0.9906285,0.0006467078,0.005853136,0.0005199642,0.000123263],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.007422445,0.0007897981,0.0001993706,0.0005504415,0.0004044452,0.0001249315,0.001556878,0.9778713,0.001882111,0.0004131075,0.007774577,0.001010569],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.002802778,0.002711384,0.9842836,0.00006827372,0.002216691,0.001419385,0.0001435243,0.001311797,0.00504253],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987392,0.00009538872,0.0004280615,0.00003024966,0.00000689486,0.0005631928,0.000003189333,0.00005902059,0.00007479107],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9959365,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999256,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2004675218","doi":"10.1109/tpwrs.2015.2400633","title":"Local and Wide-Area PMU-Based Decentralized Dynamic State Estimation in Multi-Machine Power Systems","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Power Systems","topic":"Power System Optimization and Stability","field":"Engineering","cited_by":247,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Hydro-Québec","funders":"","keywords":"Phasor measurement unit; Electric power system; Phasor; Control theory (sociology); Extended Kalman filter; Context (archaeology); Synchronous motor; Permanent magnet synchronous generator; AC power; Control engineering; Rotor (electric); Computer science; Kalman filter; Fault (geology); Engineering; Synchronization (alternating current); Power (physics); Voltage; Control (management)","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0163193889599815,"gpt":0.2386965375682077,"spread":0.2223771486082262,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006312116,0.0003945734,0.0005517567,0.0003746268,0.00008198035,0.0001617046,0.0001526958,0.0001981027,0.00002759314],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001947344,0.0003861547,0.00008545535,0.0004345068,0.00007352975,0.0003205454,0.000001413735,0.0003009319,0.00005103942],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006025462,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008979334,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005742859,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005695418,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9976214,0.0002724988,0.0008383162,0.0004155974,0.0004075503,0.0004446176],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987938,0.000144875,0.00009766697,0.0004728306,0.0001403105,0.0003505119],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008182369,0.000148058,0.0002264221,0.0001841352,0.00005213,0.00001296856,0.0009227041,0.9982094,0.00005497443,0.000009254195,0.00008290089,0.00001527975],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002478131,0.00008795633,0.000239816,0.0002415846,0.00002392777,0.00002581816,0.0005354095,0.9951096,0.0001257896,0.000001754072,0.0007490417,0.0003812067],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.007023159,0.001263262,0.9863536,0.00003545708,0.003223134,0.001061243,0.0002023977,0.0005293329,0.0003084482],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998947,0.00002466725,0.0005433168,0.00002129545,8.230879e-8,0.0001693588,0.00002208009,0.00007300836,0.0001991474],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9919239,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999859,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":[],"domain":null,"study_design":"simulation_or_modeling","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"},{"model":"gpt","categories":[],"domain":null,"study_design":"simulation_or_modeling","genre":"methods","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"}],"label_agreement":"agree"},{"id":"W3024258530","doi":"10.1109/tpwrs.2020.3028047","title":"Roles of Dynamic State Estimation in Power System Modeling, Monitoring and Operation","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Power Systems","topic":"Power System Optimization and Stability","field":"Engineering","cited_by":226,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Hydro-Québec","funders":"Savannah River Operations Office, U.S. Department of Energy; U.S. Department of Energy","keywords":"Robustness (evolution); Electric power system; Scalability; Computer science; Reliability engineering; Software; Resilience (materials science); System dynamics; Control engineering; State (computer science); Power system simulation; Distributed computing; Systems engineering; Engineering; Real-time computing; Power (physics)","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01041024463268735,"gpt":0.2180914886589071,"spread":0.2076812440262198,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001978739,0.0001791961,0.0003070188,0.0001513714,0.00004975008,0.00005761188,0.00008096987,0.00009098791,0.000006489161],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000003966315,0.000187069,0.00004541922,0.0002177261,0.00001485629,0.0002664975,9.290471e-7,0.0001512433,0.00001084837],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001627885,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001923961,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004261005,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002197564,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998728,0.0000806227,0.0005900819,0.0002305078,0.0002089909,0.0001617649],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995744,0.00002774605,0.00005147973,0.0001856717,0.00006175692,0.00009890737],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002046162,0.00001943841,0.00005246422,0.0003582946,0.00002498414,0.000001565458,0.003128286,0.9949231,0.001361643,0.00001952251,0.000002316161,0.00008795985],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003622974,0.00005758766,0.00006092379,0.0002351263,0.000009469799,0.000005377681,0.001563765,0.9962028,0.001340001,8.596868e-7,0.000009877345,0.0001519762],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1588318,0.0002889795,0.839069,0.00001988666,0.0008854786,0.000376725,0.00004160434,0.0002324899,0.000254006],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994906,0.00002779843,0.0003783904,0.00000278966,0.00000131599,0.00005098121,0.000002172306,0.00003274065,0.00001323373],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8406588,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7628454,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2134209339","doi":"10.1109/tpwrd.2003.822957","title":"Estimation of Frequency and its Rate of Change for Applications in Power Systems","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery","topic":"Power System Optimization and Stability","field":"Engineering","cited_by":221,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Robustness (evolution); Estimator; Control theory (sociology); Linearization; Salient; Nonlinear system; Electric power system; Computer science; Frequency deviation; Electronic engineering; Power (physics); Mathematics; Automatic frequency control; Engineering; Statistics; Telecommunications","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02432517390181902,"gpt":0.2342872872419219,"spread":0.2099621133401029,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001416202,0.0001083256,0.0001998326,0.0001920903,0.0000306003,0.000007363569,0.00005881625,0.00008144158,0.00001320493],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000003558152,0.000114024,0.00005103823,0.0002266007,0.00002227274,0.0001925515,4.196408e-7,0.00006408307,0.000002557283],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007364392,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001979805,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005982633,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003132513,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999312,0.00002059989,0.0003514448,0.0001333638,0.00007162164,0.0001109261],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999593,0.00006734481,0.0000528066,0.0001590834,0.00008720452,0.00004052404],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002265401,0.0001588952,0.0000293869,0.0004374991,0.00003685992,2.994486e-7,0.001460292,0.9926304,0.003595611,0.001365197,0.000004746781,0.000258121],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.006349104,0.0008105729,0.004995998,0.001107539,0.0001817575,0.00001671044,0.001857133,0.8411768,0.1409483,0.0009939622,0.0003582825,0.001203831],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1765437,0.0004169953,0.8214596,0.00001595867,0.0002693674,0.0008484904,0.0001955191,0.00005539089,0.0001950243],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988909,0.00007525983,0.000675579,0.000007236811,0.000001675932,0.0003173478,0.000005468688,0.00001648668,0.00001009055],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8223472,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4649765,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2129747445","doi":"10.1109/tpwrs.2005.846197","title":"IEEE PSS2B Versus PSS4B: The Limits of Performance of Modern Power System Stabilizers","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Power Systems","topic":"Power System Optimization and Stability","field":"Engineering","cited_by":212,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Hydro-Québec","funders":"Polytechnique Montréal","keywords":"Electric power system; Governor; Computer science; Low-frequency oscillation; Emphasis (telecommunications); Power (physics); Point (geometry); Engineering; Control theory (sociology); Control engineering; Reliability engineering; Electrical engineering; Control (management)","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01865629815236078,"gpt":0.2245493177953787,"spread":0.205893019643018,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004911895,0.0003194733,0.0005400252,0.000189187,0.0001242846,0.00003224832,0.0003775634,0.0001870422,0.00006599358],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000005119899,0.0002565344,0.000235365,0.0004178984,0.0001094781,0.0002687512,0.000001209186,0.0002708213,0.00005217957],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002964118,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005993449,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002288944,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003805908,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9976854,0.0001483264,0.0009755486,0.0002924426,0.0005440444,0.0003542308],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998368,0.0002037824,0.0001777385,0.0009127985,0.0002186772,0.0001189746],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002155449,0.0001141853,0.00003056483,0.0005703913,0.000184631,5.426432e-7,0.00206452,0.9942794,0.001984406,0.0001369113,0.000152283,0.000266594],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002381942,0.0005614971,0.0001358476,0.0005604209,0.0001328058,0.000031538,0.002491364,0.9442055,0.04365879,6.126333e-7,0.005230119,0.000609533],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.2252388,0.0006237374,0.7540268,0.00003214446,0.007604602,0.0008613887,0.0001733652,0.0004051362,0.01103399],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999457,0.0000384197,0.0001111043,0.00000564417,0.00001159803,0.00009150169,0.000001355266,0.00006063692,0.0002227529],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7742182,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999887,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2139535657","doi":"10.1109/tpwrs.2005.856996","title":"Novel Controllers for the 48-Pulse VSC STATCOM and SSSC for Voltage Regulation and Reactive Power Compensation","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Power Systems","topic":"Power System Optimization and Stability","field":"Engineering","cited_by":207,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"","keywords":"Control theory (sociology); AC power; Static VAR compensator; Electric power system; Compensation (psychology); Voltage source; Thyristor; MATLAB; Computer science; Voltage; Engineering; Power (physics); Electrical engineering; Control (management); Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0137534938140014,"gpt":0.2253426517468168,"spread":0.2115891579328154,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004301903,0.0002154741,0.0002916757,0.0001051724,0.0002825401,0.0001188922,0.00007140964,0.0001242497,0.00002427263],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001318806,0.0001774659,0.00008976607,0.0001018465,0.00005601246,0.0002909583,7.402188e-7,0.0001121589,0.000004213323],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001455701,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001898408,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003979559,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001151226,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988993,0.00003554648,0.0004147958,0.0002676502,0.0001585679,0.0002240866],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988896,0.00051801,0.00008483423,0.0002675745,0.0001522996,0.00008764573],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007959174,0.0002242424,0.00004459323,0.0003502116,0.0005857677,3.064991e-7,0.007919813,0.9696621,0.01339825,0.002337664,0.002405489,0.002275633],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003517598,0.0001362639,0.0007741796,0.0000604354,0.00009673177,0.00001860244,0.001591405,0.9622495,0.001235921,0.0000175063,0.02997618,0.0003256946],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.005106931,0.0002743507,0.9893238,0.0002513091,0.001678453,0.002316818,0.0003658964,0.0001703114,0.0005121483],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998107,0.00001879865,0.0007637223,0.00005034767,0.00001621242,0.0004425677,0.00001065457,0.0000426996,0.0005480224],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.993,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7236851,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2008048828","doi":"10.1016/j.ijepes.2010.08.007","title":"Optimal placement of PMUs to maintain network observability using a modified BPSO algorithm","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems","topic":"Power System Optimization and Stability","field":"Engineering","cited_by":207,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Observability; Phasor; Mathematical optimization; Units of measurement; Particle swarm optimization; Transmission (telecommunications); Transmission line; Constraint (computer-aided design); Algorithm; Control theory (sociology); Computer science; Mathematics; Electric power system; Power (physics); Applied mathematics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01050654490855565,"gpt":0.2423628061715389,"spread":0.2318562612629832,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009877116,0.0002143514,0.0004878882,0.0002488179,0.00003649293,0.00007837589,0.0005751076,0.0001518248,0.00007727623],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001780234,0.0001954587,0.0002092167,0.000373807,0.00003389418,0.0001769157,0.00005639605,0.0003420372,0.00000239044],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003358833,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001313502,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001264366,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001553652,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9972275,0.0001377754,0.001271162,0.0001906572,0.0008316297,0.0003412568],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980826,0.0001692828,0.0003343284,0.0002427907,0.0009030317,0.0002679771],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001152355,0.0001100719,0.0004343356,0.000008556337,0.0002482897,0.00002390955,0.00008348764,0.9889557,0.003381085,0.005403749,0.0007598074,0.0004757794],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007487539,0.0002163167,0.0004300761,0.00007950782,0.00002510053,0.0002401158,0.00005577934,0.987227,0.001120278,0.0001262962,0.00947797,0.0002527783],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1348187,0.0002778426,0.8576851,0.00006486475,0.006031467,0.0001329301,0.00001989452,0.00003947716,0.0009297405],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9860436,0.00000985095,0.01344041,0.00004799384,0.0003744155,0.000005808499,0.000004252929,0.00002841877,0.00004529117],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8512248,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7970575,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2284066940","doi":"10.1038/ncomms10790","title":"Voltage collapse in complex power grids","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nature Communications","topic":"Power System Optimization and Stability","field":"Engineering","cited_by":193,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Voltage; Node (physics); Grid; Power (physics); AC power; Nonlinear system; Computer science; Power grid; Flow (mathematics); Mechanics; Control theory (sociology); Topology (electrical circuits); Physics; Electrical engineering; Structural engineering; Engineering; Mathematics; Geometry; Thermodynamics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01822564611171818,"gpt":0.2676740643141297,"spread":0.2494484182024115,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001784517,0.00008894636,0.0001212505,0.00008870618,0.00005946879,0.00001648418,0.0005991587,0.000162661,0.0002126379],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001142466,0.00006927001,0.00003484292,0.0003175646,0.00006114505,0.0001039661,0.00009734686,0.000268519,0.00006909201],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001232453,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001695453,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000004438862,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006814872,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994037,0.00006284153,0.0002141023,0.00009487774,0.00008712645,0.0001373979],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983581,0.0001734133,0.0000202145,0.001330144,0.00006739505,0.00005071428],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005231167,0.0009686477,0.2257763,0.0001393045,0.0002060954,0.000009853158,0.004239643,0.003666748,0.04780664,0.282016,0.425021,0.01009758],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006979996,0.00001130157,0.1292226,0.00004402199,0.00000469,0.000003937019,0.00009403809,0.008646262,0.0001817514,0.0002624596,0.8605683,0.0002626564],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.0684964,0.0157716,0.1069977,0.02044493,0.002536563,0.00223338,0.0007569114,0.003106817,0.7796556],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9974866,0.000186754,0.001940121,0.0001162065,0.000005477746,0.00003190787,0.00002557507,0.00001525789,0.0001920837],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9289902,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2824749,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1938290551","doi":"10.1109/tsg.2015.2429640","title":"Distribution System State Estimation Based on Nonsynchronized Smart Meters","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","topic":"Power System Optimization and Stability","field":"Engineering","cited_by":193,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"BC Hydro (Canada); University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Smart grid; Benchmark (surveying); Computer science; Distribution grid; Grid; Snapshot (computer storage); Real-time computing; Engineering; Reliability engineering; Control engineering; Electrical engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01526572886845609,"gpt":0.216170419978029,"spread":0.2009046911095729,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004459783,0.0002428377,0.0002621998,0.0001432069,0.0001322304,0.00007407173,0.0001189269,0.00009798803,0.00004137629],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001266701,0.0002427903,0.0001216606,0.0003434785,0.00003342541,0.0001972093,5.515803e-7,0.0002028462,0.0002702051],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008679354,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007436005,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000046396,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004541471,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985286,0.0001392237,0.0003996231,0.0002636305,0.0003974432,0.0002715005],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990902,0.00009469861,0.00004975571,0.0004225938,0.0001134888,0.0002292391],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009234011,0.00007397166,0.00001771301,0.00008923124,0.00003033315,0.000002965719,0.00009544504,0.9969977,0.00005637151,0.000009716037,0.001370933,0.001163343],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001175095,0.0001242214,0.0001019952,0.00008490751,0.0000366178,0.000005431446,0.00006141221,0.9894845,0.006729858,0.000002872762,0.001951674,0.000241398],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.008855834,0.00001059078,0.9835014,0.00008494049,0.004211469,0.0004340883,0.000522942,0.0009585259,0.001420157],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9979896,0.000002561345,0.001586747,0.0000382575,0.00001998789,0.0001215027,0.0001273659,0.00003711027,0.00007689839],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9891337,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9900703,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2149111570","doi":"10.1109/tpwrs.2009.2036265","title":"Rotor Angle Instability Prediction Using Post-Disturbance Voltage Trajectories","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Power Systems","topic":"Power System Optimization and Stability","field":"Engineering","cited_by":184,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","keywords":"Control theory (sociology); Robustness (evolution); Electric power system; Voltage; Computer science; Fuzzy logic; Cluster analysis; Instability; Engineering; Artificial intelligence; Power (physics)","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01016548861620412,"gpt":0.212058072529353,"spread":0.2018925839131489,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003464942,0.0003051759,0.0003410603,0.0001571721,0.0002442825,0.0001220151,0.0001866579,0.0002581854,0.0002211408],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001588827,0.0003052848,0.0001562236,0.000373074,0.00008547326,0.0004548157,9.691039e-7,0.0005016,0.00003859647],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002304891,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006258456,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002050773,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002453705,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982806,0.00007664275,0.0005804246,0.0003843611,0.0003350766,0.0003428614],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987839,0.00007127658,0.00006694072,0.0006892393,0.0002076673,0.0001809211],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001817957,0.0007468282,0.003223114,0.0008904657,0.0002914201,0.00001172972,0.005183047,0.8123735,0.1758466,0.0003380344,0.0005567435,0.0003567752],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002461998,0.0005224751,0.01078458,0.0002926293,0.0001644234,0.0002064853,0.002348059,0.8959928,0.04803964,0.00002177282,0.0371788,0.001986344],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.2551453,0.0000707311,0.7281389,0.000007493631,0.01319623,0.0007010774,0.0005168015,0.0007816207,0.001441839],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992701,0.000003578595,0.0002483843,0.00001248126,0.00002967001,0.0001384317,0.000008530958,0.00005834005,0.0002304521],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7441248,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999399,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2148033361","doi":"10.1109/tpwrd.2005.858798","title":"Impact of TCSC on the Protection of Transmission Lines","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery","topic":"Power System Optimization and Stability","field":"Engineering","cited_by":173,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Relay; Transient (computer programming); Protective relay; Electric power transmission; Transmission line; Real Time Digital Simulator; Thyristor; Electric power system; Power-system protection; Line (geometry); Transient analysis; Engineering; Process (computing); Electronic engineering; Digital protective relay; Control theory (sociology); Power system simulation; Computer science; Power (physics); Electrical engineering; Voltage; Transient response; Control (management); Physics; Mathematics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01560149030212604,"gpt":0.2278213002919387,"spread":0.2122198099898126,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001407755,0.0001393295,0.0001720814,0.0001316337,0.00005656439,0.000007336111,0.00009779228,0.00008791802,0.0005711016],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000003055565,0.0000958848,0.0002310476,0.0002377925,0.00003715767,0.0001109109,2.649815e-7,0.0001708069,0.00001973908],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008715733,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002587392,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003403489,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001018766,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991981,0.00005600403,0.0003208306,0.0001193418,0.0001842222,0.0001214979],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994799,0.00006957383,0.00004564876,0.0002699953,0.00008780028,0.00004702523],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001380989,0.0002409513,0.00001113508,0.00004121073,0.00008542245,2.059063e-7,0.0006408643,0.964708,0.02261063,0.000009368494,0.0001829898,0.01133115],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001190713,0.001114467,0.002576735,0.0003014484,0.00007558364,0.00001052139,0.0001703653,0.4829018,0.5087536,0.00002012446,0.002446121,0.0004384923],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3605153,0.00004664477,0.6375718,0.00007666709,0.0002146409,0.0002868126,0.00004049857,0.00009418459,0.001153486],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995669,0.00006252624,0.0002168031,0.00001260971,0.000008146383,0.00002261252,7.850127e-7,0.0000189815,0.00009066917],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6390516,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6253162,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2139791123","doi":"10.1109/tcsi.2008.925941","title":"Equivalency of Continuation and Optimization Methods to Determine Saddle-Node and Limit-Induced Bifurcations in Power Systems","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I Regular Papers","topic":"Power System Optimization and Stability","field":"Engineering","cited_by":169,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Bifurcation; Transversality; Saddle-node bifurcation; Limit (mathematics); Electric power system; Control theory (sociology); Continuation; Mathematics; Applied mathematics; Limit cycle; Simple (philosophy); Stability (learning theory); Mathematical optimization; Computer science; Power (physics); Mathematical analysis; Physics; Nonlinear system; Control (management)","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02597091032795337,"gpt":0.2629920968066892,"spread":0.2370211864787358,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00060626,0.0002131786,0.000420295,0.0003528538,0.00009447976,0.00008229743,0.00006340885,0.0001600098,0.000008468426],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003401642,0.0002141608,0.00003967984,0.0003573839,0.0000322848,0.000180722,0.000001061717,0.000110102,5.762835e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007315214,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002262111,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004654355,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000258401,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984764,0.0002244634,0.0006033159,0.0003160532,0.0001756217,0.000204152],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992421,0.0001298518,0.00008191349,0.0002678425,0.00009409388,0.0001841992],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001128446,0.00005924232,0.00009318547,0.0002628944,0.00004108734,0.000001350969,0.001701511,0.9444398,0.0362049,0.000264264,0.000007754603,0.01691278],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001284394,0.0003422492,0.003564669,0.0006102344,0.00007516117,0.00006519137,0.00160976,0.9887958,0.002763769,0.000008701472,0.0003611479,0.0005188935],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.08690803,0.0008153949,0.9092671,0.00006798519,0.0005412874,0.0008868173,0.00003124098,0.000102711,0.001379476],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9979224,0.0001637185,0.00169666,0.00002320925,0.000007474406,0.00006123538,0.000003494523,0.00002281598,0.0000990328],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9110143,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8733224,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2005790804","doi":"10.1109/tpwrd.2005.852301","title":"A Platform for Validation of FACTS Models","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery","topic":"Power System Optimization and Stability","field":"Engineering","cited_by":157,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"","keywords":"Transient (computer programming); Controller (irrigation); Control engineering; Electric power system; Stability (learning theory); Power flow; Computer science; Transmission system; SIGNAL (programming language); Electronic engineering; Engineering; Flexible AC transmission system; Model validation; Transmission (telecommunications); Control theory (sociology); Power (physics); Electrical engineering; Control (management)","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02389871288929596,"gpt":0.2230846077369881,"spread":0.1991858948476921,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009866558,0.0001174334,0.0001525109,0.0001233396,0.00005046829,0.0000134015,0.00007647902,0.000084518,0.00014504],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000001618007,0.0001229858,0.0001173352,0.0001120993,0.00001616068,0.0003935309,2.830758e-7,0.00007440009,0.00002053544],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009075787,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001883486,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000004942588,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001340993,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993033,0.000008868013,0.0002829835,0.0001272747,0.0001304676,0.0001471011],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995608,0.00006472726,0.00002963983,0.0001976694,0.00009056131,0.0000565956],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003483022,0.00006694107,9.527119e-7,0.00003725364,0.00003617308,8.598843e-8,0.0005187889,0.9957614,0.0009935333,0.00006394256,0.0002435023,0.002242608],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006778706,0.00008041239,0.00001029471,0.00002863266,0.00002885377,0.000002349038,0.00009521242,0.8194296,0.1773368,0.0001004736,0.002012633,0.0001969149],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.07985528,0.00003569368,0.9164314,0.0000228827,0.0004502279,0.0002891397,0.0001334921,0.0001791725,0.002602757],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.996349,0.00002885089,0.003363961,0.00002927785,0.000007052588,0.00004478653,0.000006031087,0.00002254236,0.0001485379],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9164937,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5015218,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2127558900","doi":"10.1109/tpwrs.2008.919240","title":"Assessment of Two Methods to Select Wide-Area Signals for Power System Damping Control","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Power Systems","topic":"Power System Optimization and Stability","field":"Engineering","cited_by":156,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Hydro-Québec","funders":"","keywords":"Robustness (evolution); Control theory (sociology); Electric power system; Static VAR compensator; Computer science; Automatic frequency control; Control system; Engineering; Control engineering; Power (physics); Control (management); Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02494240387627419,"gpt":0.3082578454902329,"spread":0.2833154416139587,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001201272,0.0003645698,0.0008722263,0.0003532135,0.0002092188,0.00004861874,0.0002481893,0.0001541862,0.00005197657],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001878908,0.0003570836,0.0003099702,0.0005093966,0.00003495924,0.0001725787,0.000001109224,0.0001945868,0.00001264856],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004456915,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009220911,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000469337,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001059749,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9972981,0.000377101,0.001058816,0.000425186,0.0003919764,0.0004488846],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9979326,0.0007039593,0.0001431517,0.0006145067,0.0003631758,0.0002426003],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003914075,0.00009799967,0.0001469806,0.0004092693,0.0003204928,0.000003231845,0.0005779894,0.991953,0.005692658,0.000203859,0.0005205513,0.00003484583],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003763461,0.0006365974,0.0006207161,0.0006572338,0.0001862627,0.0001361528,0.0009779902,0.9594088,0.02714156,0.000003682796,0.005421312,0.001046218],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.003960825,0.0001552112,0.9846737,0.00002192288,0.003963256,0.002461025,0.0002877144,0.000565646,0.003910645],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9870241,0.000003953824,0.01156846,0.0000419243,0.000006410415,0.001044372,0.000003100967,0.0000819089,0.0002257708],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9830633,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998881,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2146450450","doi":"10.1109/tpwrd.2004.839725","title":"Two control schemes to enhance the dynamic performance of the STATCOM and SSSC","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery","topic":"Power System Optimization and Stability","field":"Engineering","cited_by":154,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"","keywords":"Control theory (sociology); Static VAR compensator; Controller (irrigation); Phase-locked loop; Electric power system; Engineering; Computer science; Flexible AC transmission system; Transmission (telecommunications); Power (physics); AC power; Control engineering; Electronic engineering; Voltage; Control (management)","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.003694718780526408,"gpt":0.2116481951116909,"spread":0.2079534763311645,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001249828,0.000113255,0.0001250004,0.00004151758,0.0001170218,0.00001707653,0.0001471305,0.00003292279,0.00008355394],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000002216413,0.00007521422,0.00005898022,0.0001582242,0.00005552867,0.0001238114,0.000001190773,0.000148845,0.00002029026],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005803798,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001643296,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009457861,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001158523,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993473,0.00003724626,0.0002091949,0.0001231552,0.0001399783,0.000143083],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999494,0.00006962086,0.00002439434,0.0003176521,0.0000497351,0.00004465214],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006478778,0.00005870653,0.0001363358,0.00003751768,0.00007101394,1.61839e-7,0.001134916,0.9847791,0.005126353,0.00001605853,0.0001795477,0.00839557],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001024106,0.0001366129,0.003884252,0.0001141557,0.00006832496,0.00001104307,0.0003307555,0.9051088,0.07875766,0.000004609791,0.01017315,0.0003865523],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6034013,0.0001427328,0.3949878,0.0002763009,0.0003685764,0.0002297644,0.00004089973,0.00005857206,0.0004941091],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990695,0.00008688774,0.00033242,0.0002163657,0.000004265599,0.00002576542,2.011028e-7,0.00001358729,0.000251044],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3956682,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3067147,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1998327975","doi":"10.1109/tsg.2014.2387169","title":"Extended Kalman Filter-Based Parallel Dynamic State Estimation","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","topic":"Power System Optimization and Stability","field":"Engineering","cited_by":152,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Kalman filter; Computer science; Estimator; Massively parallel; Central processing unit; Phasor measurement unit; Phasor; State (computer science); Filter (signal processing); Electric power system; Real-time computing; Parallel computing; Algorithm; Power (physics); Computer hardware; Mathematics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01887771241760159,"gpt":0.2406504227254188,"spread":0.2217727103078172,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001883521,0.0001853275,0.0001807846,0.0001424168,0.00007860152,0.00004310407,0.0001068838,0.00006991928,0.0001170501],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000005273964,0.0001910765,0.00008518319,0.000215474,0.00003052225,0.000189823,3.978929e-7,0.0001667869,0.0002182231],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002034866,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005181661,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000216194,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000130319,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989789,0.00006191517,0.0003005502,0.0002040773,0.0002296182,0.0002249213],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993226,0.00004238857,0.00003038873,0.0003512031,0.0000711072,0.0001823098],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003709177,0.00008139107,0.000009593594,0.00003208068,0.00002125849,0.000002478337,0.0001782075,0.9966928,0.00008483353,0.000002967575,0.0007036497,0.00215365],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007961126,0.0000742165,0.0003067317,0.00002069299,0.00001642024,0.000004408342,0.00003001684,0.9948717,0.00195874,0.00005221205,0.001657846,0.0002109063],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.01063643,0.00002389333,0.9847741,0.0001013385,0.002256489,0.0002694607,0.0001128335,0.0006725191,0.001152987],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9904647,0.000006914799,0.008983587,0.00005623621,0.000007731555,0.00008137586,0.00003164855,0.00003533428,0.0003324747],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9798282,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7791873,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3161460082","doi":"10.1109/tpwrs.2021.3079395","title":"Dynamic State Estimation for Power System Control and Protection","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Power Systems","topic":"Power System Optimization and Stability","field":"Engineering","cited_by":147,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council; U.S. Department of Energy","keywords":"Electric power system; Resilience (materials science); State (computer science); Reliability engineering; Stability (learning theory); Control engineering; Engineering; Dynamic demand; Control (management); Estimation; Power-system protection; Computer science; Power (physics); Control theory (sociology); Systems engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.006325218055300274,"gpt":0.2025964839284115,"spread":0.1962712658731112,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002882399,0.0002229694,0.0003280813,0.0001297773,0.0001742912,0.0001410292,0.00005798226,0.0001299417,0.0000156575],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000008147933,0.000230178,0.0001004721,0.0002104003,0.00002274711,0.0002097233,4.557161e-7,0.0001436878,0.00002449232],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002878043,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003916879,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001580215,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002980986,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986603,0.0001117003,0.0004714896,0.0003145292,0.0001934668,0.0002485288],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992291,0.00007938459,0.00006411786,0.0003212495,0.0001936061,0.0001125066],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006056432,0.0000572173,0.00000354486,0.0008543513,0.0001509228,0.000004782888,0.0005408061,0.9951454,0.002653084,0.000133537,0.00006659415,0.0003292169],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001089489,0.00009264953,0.00006452335,0.0001724548,0.0000376467,0.00008924032,0.0004653576,0.9953896,0.001149012,0.000006156862,0.001199309,0.0002445245],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.00555885,0.0003043915,0.9873264,0.00004418185,0.003849202,0.00139973,0.0002873645,0.0006509608,0.0005789158],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982706,0.000008769613,0.0006020966,0.00001187599,0.000001694215,0.0005995769,0.000006068868,0.00005173355,0.0004475579],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9927118,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9386389,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2084565322","doi":"10.1109/pes.2007.386186","title":"A Perspective on WAMS Analysis Tools for Tracking of Oscillatory Dynamics","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Power Engineering Society General Meeting","topic":"Power System Optimization and Stability","field":"Engineering","cited_by":145,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Bonneville Power Administration; BC Hydro","keywords":"Phasor; Perspective (graphical); Computer science; Electric power system; System of measurement; Tracking (education); Architecture; System dynamics; Power (physics); Control engineering; Systems engineering; Real-time computing; Engineering; Artificial intelligence","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.011382998065165,"gpt":0.2480307679264546,"spread":0.2366477698612896,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001088216,0.0002563297,0.0004227484,0.0001467003,0.00007077491,0.00005105704,0.0001555826,0.0001639569,0.00000752258],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001876163,0.0002813422,0.0006116063,0.0006897812,0.00002428489,0.0001503655,0.000012483,0.0001825676,0.000001028775],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007403594,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001650444,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001722891,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002157983,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984927,0.00001485453,0.0005043612,0.0002929267,0.0002508391,0.0004443426],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989534,0.0003689622,0.0000821678,0.0002766761,0.0002134775,0.0001053023],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007741382,0.00001951815,0.0004601314,0.0001003003,0.0005532217,5.845099e-7,0.002176781,0.9860049,0.009238916,0.001155615,0.0000958046,0.000186448],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002859039,0.00003543056,0.001315795,0.00004804517,0.0001185174,9.909086e-7,0.001268458,0.9841723,0.01215711,0.000009106156,0.0002630948,0.0003252559],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3220674,0.0001703738,0.6748378,0.00001484377,0.0007459657,0.000221675,0.00004237389,0.0003091832,0.001590446],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9738625,0.00001015762,0.02587904,0.0000264236,0.00009045566,0.00001597952,0.00001301916,0.00005998018,0.0000424967],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.651795,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999639,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2106681897","doi":"10.1109/tpwrs.2008.2009430","title":"Development of Rule-Based Classifiers for Rapid Stability Assessment of Wide-Area Post-Disturbance Records","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Power Systems","topic":"Power System Optimization and Stability","field":"Engineering","cited_by":144,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"McGill University; Hydro-Québec","funders":"","keywords":"Phasor; Data mining; Fuzzy logic; Fuzzy rule; Stability (learning theory); Grid; Computer science; Artificial intelligence; Fault (geology); Fuzzy set; Pattern recognition (psychology); Machine learning; Electric power system; Mathematics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02476493507725957,"gpt":0.2491889278610858,"spread":0.2244239927838262,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006347598,0.0002558169,0.0005388634,0.0001730584,0.00009371606,0.00002189267,0.0001870085,0.0001471416,0.0000919255],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001356716,0.0002505723,0.0002064436,0.0002748591,0.00004760143,0.0001213753,4.716486e-7,0.000144839,0.000001735752],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003777947,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002474964,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001158314,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002786169,"domain_scores_codex":[0.99793,0.00009076158,0.001061072,0.0003007164,0.0003494276,0.0002680416],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986254,0.0002003691,0.0001793792,0.0005307936,0.0003481732,0.0001159032],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005989845,0.002138589,0.001099222,0.003417963,0.000550045,0.000001749436,0.004141712,0.9498687,0.03229392,0.0002665516,0.0008361744,0.004786414],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00592075,0.001781956,0.01870677,0.001240516,0.0001861408,0.000007285451,0.003170981,0.7354829,0.2145917,0.0000216535,0.01708227,0.001807014],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.03984454,0.00008735386,0.9544902,0.00004152551,0.001991912,0.001035292,0.0003018295,0.0001800918,0.002027241],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9892465,0.000003946192,0.01047628,0.000021656,0.000001858221,0.000155193,0.00001584901,0.0000256614,0.00005306067],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.949402,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999946,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2335956429","doi":"10.1109/tpwrs.2015.2456037","title":"Delay-Dependent Stability Control for Power System With Multiple Time-Delays","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Power Systems","topic":"Power System Optimization and Stability","field":"Engineering","cited_by":143,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"China Scholarship Council; University of Science and Technology of China; University of Electronic Science and Technology of China; Chongqing University of Science and Technology; National Natural Science Foundation of China; University of Alberta","keywords":"Electric power system; Control theory (sociology); Controller (irrigation); Stability (learning theory); Linear matrix inequality; Computer science; Power (physics); Control system; Control (management); Control engineering; Mathematics; Engineering; Mathematical optimization","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01452013023347307,"gpt":0.2012840159714052,"spread":0.1867638857379321,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009508795,0.0004506104,0.0006765276,0.0001684938,0.0001709847,0.0001399524,0.0002626251,0.0002462147,0.00006620089],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001551941,0.0003873372,0.0001920854,0.0002611243,0.00005849313,0.0002986226,0.000001088456,0.0002510264,0.0002264661],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007925339,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001153676,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009125812,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009540745,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9973578,0.0002138768,0.0007841105,0.0005309602,0.0005710329,0.0005422235],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9978231,0.0002737978,0.0001123635,0.0008585279,0.0004869009,0.0004453362],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005770079,0.0002305663,0.0001864394,0.000367005,0.0003435411,0.0000103058,0.001195721,0.9956067,0.0003908892,0.00009654486,0.0009744245,0.00002086716],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.006533124,0.0007623341,0.00003324326,0.0002018229,0.0001232894,0.0001402354,0.002858276,0.9818642,0.001872396,0.000001722539,0.004782539,0.000826868],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.008924246,0.000177434,0.9776354,0.00002367051,0.004030735,0.002508158,0.0008857584,0.001312271,0.004502353],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9983096,0.000001139666,0.0003579452,0.00001933155,0.00001234081,0.0007970411,0.000009646094,0.0001152804,0.0003776396],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9893854,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998578,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2164735154","doi":"10.1109/tpwrs.2009.2021225","title":"Fuzzy Partitioning of a Real Power System for Dynamic Vulnerability Assessment","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Power Systems","topic":"Power System Optimization and Stability","field":"Engineering","cited_by":135,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"McGill University; Hydro-Québec","funders":"","keywords":"Medoid; Electric power system; Computer science; Context (archaeology); Cluster analysis; Fuzzy logic; Vulnerability (computing); Grid; Data mining; Fuzzy clustering; Real-time computing; Power (physics); Machine learning; Artificial intelligence; Mathematics; Geography","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01076424841988341,"gpt":0.2603378092586532,"spread":0.2495735608387698,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006709518,0.0002819347,0.0005391709,0.0001791577,0.0001705065,0.00006579318,0.0001706252,0.0001799617,0.00002914582],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000005117358,0.0002814261,0.0002511743,0.0002935888,0.00003712862,0.0001994665,5.541851e-7,0.0002014272,0.00001147126],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005697494,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006001582,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000034977,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002527028,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979054,0.0001505903,0.0008991263,0.000356779,0.0003353758,0.0003526739],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987654,0.000138375,0.0001274861,0.0006144788,0.0002110301,0.0001432217],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008843258,0.0003659446,0.00008038255,0.0008644215,0.000174981,0.000002718267,0.0008989318,0.9907453,0.003354037,0.002881133,0.0003307527,0.000212979],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003973199,0.00177405,0.004950429,0.001281774,0.0002351105,0.00008063565,0.004050204,0.9721922,0.007418602,0.0001352189,0.002319699,0.001588869],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.01883918,0.00007881862,0.9602962,0.00004203656,0.003625009,0.001147201,0.0002887825,0.0006520579,0.01503075],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988405,0.000009170803,0.0007055223,0.00001011079,0.000005018699,0.000244186,0.00001032331,0.00003776444,0.0001374363],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9800013,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999638,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2534329290","doi":"10.2172/1167065","title":"Western Wind and Solar Integration Study Phase 3 – Frequency Response and Transient Stability","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"report","venue":"","topic":"Power System Optimization and Stability","field":"Engineering","cited_by":126,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Renewable energy; Electric power system; Wind power; Environmental science; Transient (computer programming); Meteorology; Frequency grid; Grid; Variable renewable energy; Engineering; Computer science; Electrical engineering; Power (physics); Geography; Physics; Voltage","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03469524211939177,"gpt":0.2930819114533972,"spread":0.2583866693340054,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003134586,0.0003529094,0.0005683498,0.0001268037,0.00006555336,0.00009780662,0.00007629669,0.0002493769,0.0001557262],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002301797,0.0003023705,0.00005441251,0.00009748369,0.00005488007,0.0001749035,0.00002304755,0.000291791,0.000003671896],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002258735,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001186045,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001507759,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007718838,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9978674,0.0004033679,0.0006724861,0.0004209148,0.0004101304,0.000225703],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988894,0.0001515082,0.00007679703,0.0004868837,0.0002034151,0.0001920148],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002467814,0.00695231,0.8006806,0.01042368,0.001915964,0.0001025061,0.09736202,0.001329779,0.006741393,0.00004350546,0.005467025,0.06651334],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01404826,0.004305658,0.8340164,0.0007714223,0.001347263,0.000353258,0.01025547,0.03537579,0.001559275,0.00004709379,0.09273482,0.005185244],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8947211,0.001186365,0.09492265,0.00002957374,0.0008598826,0.001434119,0.0001063983,0.0003188808,0.00642103],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992334,0.0001334371,0.0002311555,0.000007037673,0.00004082356,0.00003070778,0.00004392726,0.0000430055,0.0002365569],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1045123,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999428,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1966333251","doi":"10.1109/tpwrs.2006.873100","title":"Oscillatory Stability Limit Prediction Using Stochastic Subspace Identification","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Power Systems","topic":"Power System Optimization and Stability","field":"Engineering","cited_by":122,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Powertech Labs (Canada); University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Electric power system; Control theory (sociology); Subspace topology; Stability (learning theory); Identification (biology); Tripping; Transient (computer programming); Limit (mathematics); Computer science; System identification; Generator (circuit theory); Noise (video); Mode (computer interface); Engineering; Power (physics); Mathematics; Data modeling; Artificial intelligence; Machine learning","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01629664622567792,"gpt":0.2049794255429705,"spread":0.1886827793172926,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000478477,0.0002610068,0.000269204,0.0002430197,0.0002181777,0.0001862414,0.0001237234,0.0001928685,0.0001039687],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00000510124,0.0002840452,0.0001351865,0.0004507199,0.0000558197,0.0004517919,5.540343e-7,0.0002176654,0.00005098532],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006470267,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005681063,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001467239,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005948498,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9980568,0.0001502239,0.0006921362,0.0004002452,0.0003990072,0.0003015603],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990259,0.0001094624,0.00006768024,0.00055612,0.0001371908,0.0001036139],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001101677,0.00007378877,0.00006216008,0.0001444786,0.00003647153,0.00000102874,0.0002373191,0.9931633,0.005998204,0.00006287316,0.0001801599,0.0000291319],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002498444,0.00003138871,0.0006541148,0.00009947489,0.0000416469,0.00002351357,0.000225104,0.9941853,0.003397465,0.000005794931,0.0008008657,0.0002854297],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.06099096,0.0003903383,0.9281687,0.000008728537,0.007540794,0.000651293,0.0002363128,0.001155831,0.0008570761],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995277,0.000005716131,0.00008742173,0.000002922104,0.0000227924,0.0000824229,0.00001242903,0.00005559034,0.0002029962],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9385368,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999612,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2245612313","doi":"10.1109/tie.2015.2481359","title":"Stochastic Small-Signal Stability Analysis of Grid-Connected Photovoltaic Systems","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","topic":"Power System Optimization and Stability","field":"Engineering","cited_by":118,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Photovoltaic system; Monte Carlo method; Electric power system; Grid; Probabilistic logic; Control theory (sociology); Probability density function; Stability (learning theory); Sensitivity (control systems); Stochastic process; Grid-connected photovoltaic power system; Computer science; Mathematics; Maximum power point tracking; Power (physics); Engineering; Electronic engineering; Statistics; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.06144857717833544,"gpt":0.2305514011961178,"spread":0.1691028240177823,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000661616,0.0002615044,0.0006340173,0.0004461309,0.00007274518,0.00004211248,0.0002021601,0.0003225602,0.0001493613],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003852911,0.0002715495,0.0002469045,0.002067451,0.00005716725,0.0001051913,9.684915e-7,0.0005741958,0.00000858976],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000740767,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003861388,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002303891,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005761071,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979596,0.0002120277,0.0007297487,0.0003071778,0.0003685591,0.0004228844],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986999,0.0002173615,0.0001100874,0.000471478,0.0002649113,0.0002362778],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001466326,0.0001323685,0.00003770079,0.00001975765,0.0008927696,5.076735e-7,0.0002241713,0.9969342,0.00121075,0.00003222427,0.00009605477,0.0002728601],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001361766,0.0002757636,0.00001383104,0.00002003241,0.0008780796,0.000002696375,0.0002636764,0.9823226,0.01428199,0.000009600319,0.0002813713,0.0002885497],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1703366,0.0001631458,0.8266137,0.000007088292,0.001551176,0.0005287384,0.000266747,0.0003003652,0.000232433],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997091,0.000008825287,0.0000576939,0.000004504793,0.00004749876,0.00007579782,0.00002992499,0.00003121843,0.00003542752],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8293725,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999737,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2891022339","doi":"10.1109/tste.2018.2871074","title":"PV Solar System Control as STATCOM (PV-STATCOM) for Power Oscillation Damping","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy","topic":"Power System Optimization and Stability","field":"Engineering","cited_by":118,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Ontario Centres of Excellence","keywords":"Photovoltaic system; Control theory (sociology); Electric power system; Engineering; Inverter; Oscillation (cell signaling); Power (physics); Electronic engineering; Computer science; Electrical engineering; Control (management); Voltage; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.005725827858861667,"gpt":0.2107240270731886,"spread":0.204998199214327,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003960594,0.0003027515,0.0003667764,0.0002763809,0.0005273466,0.0001326003,0.0001713318,0.0001867543,0.0001958937],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001860354,0.0003189731,0.0001761289,0.0004040861,0.00006546977,0.0003969425,0.000001391144,0.0001356131,0.00003325231],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007403489,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001231818,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002381674,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000869068,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998094,0.0000946954,0.0005095463,0.00037737,0.0002701518,0.0006542624],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985536,0.0001771147,0.00007406026,0.0004783675,0.0005364075,0.0001804457],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002175025,0.00007831481,0.00001191275,0.0003835322,0.0001729587,0.00001024717,0.0006765681,0.9864329,0.0003791434,0.009929511,0.0008647858,0.0008425993],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003111509,0.0005363827,0.00002816582,0.00009272695,0.00009639662,0.00002329601,0.007231771,0.8030965,0.01379937,0.000348621,0.1708437,0.000791534],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.002880992,0.00006601662,0.9839261,0.00007699943,0.001593377,0.0005466115,0.00007843087,0.0008012521,0.01003019],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9947313,0.00001218168,0.0006689714,0.0001224646,0.0000705918,0.0002536869,0.00001129471,0.00008358859,0.004045939],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9918503,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999262,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2910963647","doi":"10.1109/tste.2019.2892943","title":"Simultaneous Fast Frequency Control and Power Oscillation Damping by Utilizing PV Solar System as PV-STATCOM","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy","topic":"Power System Optimization and Stability","field":"Engineering","cited_by":118,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Control theory (sociology); Frequency deviation; Controller (irrigation); Automatic frequency control; Electric power system; Voltage droop; Engineering; Grid-connected photovoltaic power system; Photovoltaic system; Power control; AC power; Maximum power point tracking; Power (physics); Inverter; Computer science; Voltage regulator; Voltage; Electrical engineering; Control (management); Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.002850998193084214,"gpt":0.1835382975948347,"spread":0.1806872994017505,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000225925,0.0002990885,0.0003613207,0.0001992421,0.0002669774,0.0001368632,0.0001203991,0.0001911765,0.0001656051],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001384375,0.0003198361,0.00009044661,0.000317052,0.00003476594,0.0003899995,0.000001665945,0.0002035675,0.00002973307],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005450663,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006304892,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004738347,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000273547,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982886,0.0001027572,0.0004273978,0.0003919304,0.0002661319,0.0005232005],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998971,0.000219202,0.00006376179,0.00038395,0.0001923634,0.0001697174],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004334573,0.00003975142,0.00005585084,0.0003741336,0.00008445,0.00002737895,0.0004426764,0.9941376,0.002207361,0.001834996,0.00006324332,0.0006891768],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001613555,0.0001764753,0.0000173302,0.00009660194,0.00005034781,0.00004617105,0.008655658,0.9734323,0.002370532,0.0000652112,0.01287932,0.0005965139],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.03395033,0.0003422638,0.9488446,0.00003852731,0.0007419622,0.0003909555,0.00005267918,0.0006146856,0.01502401],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9964665,0.00004150398,0.0001472451,0.00006581649,0.00001196256,0.00004738057,0.000009142948,0.00006532152,0.003145173],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9625161,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999254,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2129885099","doi":"10.1109/59.871737","title":"Robust design and coordination of multiple damping controllers using nonlinear constrained optimization","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Power Systems","topic":"Power System Optimization and Stability","field":"Engineering","cited_by":117,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Energie NB Power (Canada); Hydro-Québec","funders":"","keywords":"Control theory (sociology); Robustness (evolution); Transfer function; Electric power system; Cascade; Modal; Nonlinear system; Multivariable calculus; Minification; Robust control; Sensitivity (control systems); Engineering; Stability (learning theory); Control engineering; Mathematical optimization; Computer science; Control system; Power (physics); Mathematics; Control (management); Electronic engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02482529450456766,"gpt":0.2124758091897865,"spread":0.1876505146852188,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003235629,0.0001910182,0.0003328497,0.0001690136,0.0001191238,0.00005231297,0.00006925036,0.0001309583,0.0001705017],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000007631756,0.0002013596,0.00006520659,0.0002574224,0.00006436773,0.0002249483,3.327675e-7,0.0001095811,0.00000436902],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009898492,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003139855,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004263549,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004761507,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987569,0.0001451783,0.0005192579,0.000212383,0.0001800723,0.0001861352],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993638,0.0001607578,0.00007030899,0.000206393,0.0001113666,0.00008739984],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006315388,0.0000461026,0.00001231041,0.00007506213,0.00006382351,8.350317e-7,0.0003178855,0.9983413,0.0008902164,0.000005103737,0.00001646196,0.0001677966],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001229815,0.00006174375,0.00000574807,0.0001048082,0.00003149585,0.00001766651,0.0002172877,0.9970124,0.001015459,3.831338e-7,0.0001248128,0.0001783343],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.008793083,0.0001159618,0.9885974,0.00001106711,0.0007311911,0.0007491198,0.00006340736,0.0002123415,0.00072641],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9819034,0.00002834643,0.01787307,0.000006820464,0.000004259078,0.00002841301,0.000004890279,0.00003439256,0.0001163652],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9731104,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8211206,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2142781661","doi":"10.1109/tpwrs.2002.1007908","title":"PMU configuration for system dynamic performance measurement in large, multiarea power systems","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Power Systems","topic":"Power System Optimization and Stability","field":"Engineering","cited_by":115,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Hydro-Québec","funders":"","keywords":"Phasor; Electric power system; Phasor measurement unit; Units of measurement; Grid; Computer science; Electronic engineering; Transformer; Transmission system; Transmission line; Transient (computer programming); Engineering; Electric power transmission; Transmission (telecommunications); Voltage; Control theory (sociology); Power (physics); Electrical engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01893886523437861,"gpt":0.2071506017245691,"spread":0.1882117364901905,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009566118,0.00042629,0.0005938691,0.0003892049,0.0002164058,0.0001625323,0.0002266971,0.0002794718,0.00007750162],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000009326926,0.0004290858,0.0001711788,0.000411106,0.00002477444,0.000369948,9.271026e-7,0.0002744636,0.000184102],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00133622,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002747865,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004540875,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001073793,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9970159,0.0001739245,0.001093996,0.000478467,0.0006387003,0.0005990124],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986645,0.00007933882,0.000131921,0.0006295193,0.0003272603,0.0001674529],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004695505,0.0002563781,0.00006585765,0.001670429,0.0001311592,0.000004591408,0.001477471,0.994902,0.0006594274,0.0001750419,0.0005543217,0.00005640524],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001566432,0.0001380181,0.0001613574,0.0006841641,0.00002895418,0.00003072226,0.001491301,0.9896761,0.0004377269,1.278667e-7,0.005328599,0.0004565638],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.006622501,0.0009981991,0.9746774,0.00001927568,0.008937504,0.002527983,0.0002614112,0.0007530875,0.005202677],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9980363,0.00003966999,0.00005549193,0.000009611877,0.000005140812,0.001135005,0.00001000041,0.00008987096,0.0006188897],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9914138,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998161,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2127189756","doi":"10.1109/tpwrs.2006.873020","title":"Design and Real-Time Implementation of Robust FACTS Controller for Damping Inter-Area Oscillation","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Power Systems","topic":"Power System Optimization and Stability","field":"Engineering","cited_by":113,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Opal-Rt Technologies (Canada)","funders":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","keywords":"Control theory (sociology); Controller (irrigation); Robust control; Time domain; Electric power system; Oscillation (cell signaling); Power (physics); Set (abstract data type); Control engineering; Robustness (evolution); Engineering; Linear matrix inequality; Coupling (piping); Frequency domain; Computer science; Control system; Control (management); Mathematics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01874056446062212,"gpt":0.2359429201783286,"spread":0.2172023557177065,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000328573,0.0001610169,0.000284495,0.0001566884,0.00008364804,0.00005127341,0.00005131953,0.00008680343,0.00004544723],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000002091434,0.0001607319,0.00006705687,0.0001242223,0.00001981243,0.0001777347,4.012222e-7,0.0000479286,0.000004546969],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001099247,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001749029,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000225739,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004246257,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988986,0.00008057398,0.0005218773,0.0001888841,0.0001354104,0.0001746229],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994224,0.0001696693,0.00009371373,0.0001521325,0.0001153739,0.00004672107],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004422383,0.00002805675,0.00005696109,0.0001253204,0.00005741929,1.747085e-7,0.0003952364,0.9884399,0.01026437,0.00005084787,0.0003785944,0.0001588679],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00180328,0.0001700181,0.0003497673,0.00009789388,0.00005138267,0.000006724791,0.0004898284,0.9867574,0.009540357,0.00001245837,0.0004627913,0.0002581041],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.01164381,0.00004543976,0.9854794,0.00001283894,0.0007154498,0.001235345,0.0001001559,0.0001840156,0.0005836002],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9980701,0.00001045542,0.001566561,0.000003063419,0.000005077009,0.0001392791,0.0000115414,0.00002945285,0.0001644664],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9864263,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6554456,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2146845812","doi":"10.1109/tpwrs.2007.907383","title":"Automatic Segmentation of Large Power Systems Into Fuzzy Coherent Areas for Dynamic Vulnerability Assessment","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Power Systems","topic":"Power System Optimization and Stability","field":"Engineering","cited_by":112,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University; Hydro-Québec","funders":"","keywords":"Initialization; Electric power system; Phasor measurement unit; Computer science; Cluster analysis; Fuzzy logic; Vulnerability (computing); Data mining; Phasor; Fuzzy clustering; Units of measurement; Set (abstract data type); Fuzzy set; Power (physics); Artificial intelligence","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.00949918997693194,"gpt":0.2848725987692824,"spread":0.2753734087923504,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001846565,0.0003786703,0.0006489983,0.0003049824,0.0001963906,0.0000885222,0.0002113065,0.0002355226,0.0001102709],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001148335,0.0003696855,0.0002491765,0.0003829343,0.0000480341,0.0002506695,0.000001734551,0.0002389944,0.0000198479],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001006749,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000740628,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009157683,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001736878,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9969399,0.0002035303,0.001391628,0.0004223768,0.0005542231,0.0004883164],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982507,0.000324786,0.0002323574,0.0006916151,0.0002995796,0.0002009776],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001529561,0.001640609,0.0008194454,0.005774643,0.0008604403,0.000005878462,0.005222525,0.9748533,0.007878683,0.001258529,0.0008538058,0.0006792047],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002454175,0.000478624,0.002161986,0.0004984672,0.0001342355,0.00002359738,0.005282332,0.9834237,0.003006917,0.00002708701,0.001769395,0.0007395131],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.06584536,0.0002333149,0.9217118,0.00001861048,0.007224369,0.002574093,0.0003224147,0.0005041974,0.00156581],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9981651,0.000006875635,0.001007087,0.00001172102,0.000005113736,0.0005174681,0.00003294552,0.00007117145,0.000182467],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9323198,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998755,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2143532287","doi":"10.1049/iet-gtd.2013.0724","title":"Preventive control approach for voltage stability improvement using voltage stability constrained optimal power flow based on static line voltage stability indices","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IET Generation Transmission & Distribution","topic":"Power System Optimization and Stability","field":"Engineering","cited_by":112,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Hydro-Québec; École de Technologie Supérieure","funders":"","keywords":"Control theory (sociology); Stability (learning theory); Voltage; Power flow; Voltage optimisation; Line (geometry); Voltage regulation; Power (physics); Flow (mathematics); Computer science; Electric power system; Control (management); Engineering; Mathematics; Electrical engineering; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01933211348649591,"gpt":0.2345375194171565,"spread":0.2152054059306606,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003421315,0.0007069926,0.0008294739,0.0001121344,0.0005168461,0.0002162222,0.000274724,0.0004013553,0.0006814045],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004464086,0.0006716091,0.0004069954,0.000404153,0.0002141241,0.0005059714,0.00001967112,0.0003962922,0.000003451964],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009592193,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002707383,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002324499,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001796788,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9951642,0.000532579,0.001587092,0.00115497,0.0008071156,0.0007541042],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9972957,0.0003786686,0.0003250306,0.0008812782,0.0006708677,0.0004484988],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007417583,0.001485018,0.0009263591,0.00117678,0.0001130752,7.03419e-7,0.0007758794,0.741252,0.2468541,0.0002315972,0.0002064788,0.006236191],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003798788,0.0006082775,0.0004863327,0.00004566729,0.0001159443,6.618482e-7,0.0002514883,0.8816073,0.1116385,0.00005978811,0.0008101977,0.0005770061],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1911286,0.00003932919,0.7989752,0.00006443199,0.0004120345,0.003390983,0.005505106,0.0003709923,0.0001133191],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9806819,0.000004939461,0.01181681,0.00008778747,0.00009898387,0.0004385696,0.006795329,0.00006489014,0.00001078035],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7895533,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995735,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2201323145","doi":"10.1016/j.rser.2015.12.167","title":"A review on wide-area damping control to restrain inter-area low frequency oscillation for large-scale power systems with increasing renewable generation","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews","topic":"Power System Optimization and Stability","field":"Engineering","cited_by":111,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","keywords":"Electric power system; Renewable energy; Computer science; Wind power; Tie line; Control theory (sociology); Photovoltaic system; Control engineering; Power (physics); Engineering; Electrical engineering; Control (management)","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02125446627054373,"gpt":0.2578274551119364,"spread":0.2365729888413927,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003824783,0.001085495,0.003849701,0.0004464795,0.0004021338,0.0003247003,0.0003562626,0.0004480687,0.00006073821],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008543106,0.0007441834,0.0004676919,0.0008730587,0.00003232639,0.0004549791,0.00006929407,0.0001909791,0.00001057635],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001012929,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003796718,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005072742,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003331016,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9943914,0.000930456,0.002067534,0.001103477,0.0003157117,0.001191364],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9967933,0.0004531119,0.0006468708,0.001189545,0.0004887861,0.000428398],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"systematic_review","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001471221,0.0002447789,0.00003841442,0.6958241,0.000906182,0.00006956336,0.0003197915,0.07461089,0.00003264789,0.002400975,0.1164683,0.1089372],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004783841,0.0001832703,1.131673e-7,0.1278751,0.0003304556,0.00004062642,0.00006007662,0.004322744,0.000001878442,0.00001943412,0.8658919,0.0007960013],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[9.191315e-7,0.6113189,0.382497,0.00003700406,0.0002365644,0.003399452,0.0001005684,0.0001376791,0.002271878],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0002604415,0.9900349,0.0008293967,0.0003823768,0.0001086103,0.003270137,0.000425304,0.0001932312,0.00449565],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7494237,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995009,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2768033908","doi":"10.1109/tcns.2019.2891002","title":"On Identification of Distribution Grids","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Control of Network Systems","topic":"Power System Optimization and Stability","field":"Engineering","cited_by":110,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Admittance; Phasor; Smart grid; Admittance parameters; Grid; Identification (biology); Electric power system; Distributed generation; AC power; Network topology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.004817356083100514,"gpt":0.1886477276245668,"spread":0.1838303715414663,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003811041,0.0001269326,0.0003444905,0.00005786074,0.00003292972,0.00001440981,0.0001023188,0.0001014747,0.00003778381],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000003993309,0.0001241541,0.0001218543,0.000235113,0.00002062283,0.00008023249,1.95519e-7,0.0001054625,0.00004598947],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008676474,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001359527,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001133212,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004472791,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987087,0.0001009185,0.0006601922,0.0001490901,0.0002284346,0.0001526634],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991456,0.0001786576,0.0001485731,0.0003683897,0.0001147229,0.00004402608],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006923368,0.00005443848,0.0001040601,0.0001686828,0.00007605378,1.170512e-7,0.00003090572,0.9965189,0.00182126,0.000718058,0.0002333361,0.0002049389],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001027317,0.0001457665,0.0007618861,0.0001712232,0.00004109285,0.000001730752,0.00003311664,0.9950749,0.002116022,0.00001773376,0.0004728304,0.0001363448],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.030658,0.0001420059,0.9638895,0.00001043039,0.003672381,0.0006101399,0.0002433142,0.0001105754,0.0006636992],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997246,0.00001429975,0.000009524721,0.000004555117,0.00002808364,0.00004414133,0.00001349121,0.00001702735,0.0001442918],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9690666,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5062855,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1905023496","doi":"10.1109/pes.2005.1489210","title":"Voltage stability in weak connection wind farms","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Power Engineering Society General Meeting, 2005","topic":"Power System Optimization and Stability","field":"Engineering","cited_by":109,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Transient (computer programming); Voltage drop; Wind power; Voltage; Transient voltage suppressor; Induction generator; Generator (circuit theory); Electric power system; Control theory (sociology); Electrical engineering; Computer science; Connection (principal bundle); Power (physics); Engineering; Physics; Mechanical engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.007962330262657868,"gpt":0.2052223585606287,"spread":0.1972600282979709,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000917954,0.0003926369,0.0003869337,0.00008640845,0.00006880952,0.00007127558,0.0002166255,0.0002671671,0.0002798266],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007412361,0.0004408696,0.0002498023,0.000367702,0.00003616186,0.0003042908,0.00002851647,0.0004327396,0.00005293892],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006879004,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003214663,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003292083,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001240527,"domain_scores_codex":[0.997835,0.00004347782,0.000646499,0.0004385113,0.0003010972,0.0007353983],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991781,0.00007061791,0.0000589604,0.0004291379,0.00006311267,0.0002000668],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004260983,0.00005657571,0.003248531,0.0000876909,0.00004227758,9.160532e-7,0.001312988,0.9642973,0.02504912,0.00004433072,0.005718772,0.00013722],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007411047,0.00002017375,0.00421342,0.00006100022,0.00001196736,0.000007065583,0.0002369394,0.9030578,0.01555734,0.000003865883,0.07543825,0.0006510469],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8631357,0.0008750161,0.1260905,0.0001708755,0.002322243,0.0004724514,0.00003347919,0.001326246,0.005573499],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9911467,0.00008332973,0.007862525,0.00009739379,0.0002746453,0.00003357386,0.00001393311,0.00008961776,0.0003983129],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.128011,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998043,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2161873733","doi":"10.1109/tpwrs.2010.2042084","title":"SIMD-Based Large-Scale Transient Stability Simulation on the Graphics Processing Unit","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Power Systems","topic":"Power System Optimization and Stability","field":"Engineering","cited_by":107,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"SIMD; Graphics processing unit; Computer science; Transient (computer programming); Graphics; Computation; Parallel computing; Computational science; General-purpose computing on graphics processing units; Software; Stability (learning theory); Central processing unit; CUDA; Computer hardware; Computer graphics (images); Algorithm; Operating system","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01985382580772502,"gpt":0.2372271881753037,"spread":0.2173733623675787,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008380229,0.0003011981,0.0002764353,0.0001680267,0.000405844,0.0001456556,0.0002249635,0.0002281379,0.0002193689],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001299992,0.0002344574,0.000173295,0.0005751659,0.00007908989,0.0001742218,4.976511e-7,0.0006841695,0.00004332713],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007941879,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006070096,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001921213,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003251193,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9980773,0.0001931983,0.0005388081,0.0003524769,0.0004742214,0.0003639836],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985018,0.0003346802,0.00006968516,0.0007497238,0.0001977168,0.0001463939],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003775191,0.0002430278,0.00005816299,0.0001448682,0.00002249938,5.64681e-7,0.001214379,0.9971569,0.0008909169,0.00009628995,0.00005536564,0.00007933632],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004621588,0.000086927,0.0002141299,0.0000719567,0.00002422518,0.000001714311,0.0004613691,0.9861698,0.003610528,0.000004986138,0.008618412,0.0002738053],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.08762228,0.00002689738,0.9047477,0.0001161477,0.002923569,0.000875931,0.0001529662,0.000589891,0.002944651],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995674,0.000001551804,0.00006691128,0.0000981179,0.00001037854,0.0001384604,0.000006549721,0.00005553949,0.00005510536],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9119451,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9560896,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2794121694","doi":"10.1109/tpwrs.2018.2798540","title":"Optimizing DER Participation in Inertial and Primary-Frequency Response","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Power Systems","topic":"Power System Optimization and Stability","field":"Engineering","cited_by":103,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Advanced Research Projects Agency - Energy; National Renewable Energy Laboratory; U.S. Department of Energy","keywords":"Voltage droop; Distributed generation; Frequency domain; Frequency response; Automatic frequency control; Overshoot (microwave communication); Control theory (sociology); Frequency regulation; Electric power system; Computer science; Engineering; Power (physics); Control engineering; Telecommunications; Voltage; Voltage regulator; Electrical engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01202136921210776,"gpt":0.2409813580329618,"spread":0.228959988820854,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004958549,0.0001725713,0.0002282682,0.0002315988,0.00009295752,0.00006876033,0.00007823356,0.0001254746,0.00006895927],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001199331,0.0001747642,0.00003864071,0.0003033857,0.00006197094,0.000250213,8.063916e-7,0.0001512178,0.00004585667],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000200975,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003113467,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005895712,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001250024,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998683,0.0002038451,0.000442219,0.0002387112,0.0001743767,0.0002578725],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994048,0.0001002729,0.00003472395,0.0002865147,0.00006876042,0.0001049306],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001464005,0.0005714418,0.001437668,0.0005332013,0.0002324118,0.00003478385,0.02488264,0.9112515,0.057755,0.0003051606,0.0005900537,0.0009420708],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005623493,0.001250697,0.02173777,0.0008193407,0.0001166795,0.0001126255,0.001335024,0.9316666,0.02844059,0.00003013028,0.006853205,0.002013893],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.2398693,0.0001613064,0.7550892,0.00003808471,0.00189268,0.0003242204,0.00001604505,0.0002336691,0.002375533],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991491,0.00001021317,0.0005283096,0.00003208699,0.000009450465,0.0001039541,0.000001350416,0.00003123745,0.0001342799],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7592798,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7126679,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2095665432","doi":"10.1109/59.852140","title":"State-space system identification-toward MIMO models for modal analysis and optimization of bulk power systems","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Power Systems","topic":"Power System Optimization and Stability","field":"Engineering","cited_by":101,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Hydro-Québec","funders":"","keywords":"MIMO; Identification (biology); Realization (probability); Computer science; Control engineering; Computation; System identification; Time domain; State space; Modal; Transfer function; Electric power system; Control theory (sociology); State-space representation; Power (physics); Engineering; Data modeling; Control (management); Algorithm; Channel (broadcasting); Mathematics; Telecommunications","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0113325213268772,"gpt":0.2132103215093064,"spread":0.2018778001824292,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006003882,0.0003845576,0.0008156663,0.0005855701,0.0001816433,0.000208259,0.0002237337,0.0002301745,0.00007089249],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000004231548,0.0003937135,0.0002887363,0.0009793955,0.00006346923,0.0004692398,0.000001116534,0.0001465772,0.00001581555],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002563722,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004047035,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002235694,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001779638,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9972153,0.0001733436,0.001244246,0.0005402038,0.0004538076,0.0003731489],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998355,0.0001524813,0.0002039413,0.0007234575,0.0003613178,0.000203831],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006862311,0.00007850167,0.00001227806,0.0007952104,0.0007292779,9.058987e-7,0.001472385,0.996377,0.0001359199,0.0002267663,0.00008028844,0.00002282469],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000581786,0.00007242651,0.00002094695,0.0001366296,0.0003355791,0.00001274926,0.00104912,0.9966685,0.0005646587,0.000003577024,0.0002007012,0.0003533527],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.00624713,0.0006032664,0.9868444,0.00001789876,0.001966022,0.001553285,0.0009634668,0.0005072975,0.001297203],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9971751,0.00008392557,0.0009291172,0.000003296574,0.000004506367,0.0004098133,0.00003248496,0.00007905775,0.001282708],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9909279,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998515,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2345204546","doi":"10.1109/tpwrs.2015.2496302","title":"Post-Disturbance Transient Stability Status Prediction Using Synchrophasor Measurements","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Power Systems","topic":"Power System Optimization and Stability","field":"Engineering","cited_by":100,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"","keywords":"Transient (computer programming); Disturbance (geology); Control theory (sociology); Electric power system; Voltage; Stability (learning theory); Engineering; Rotor (electric); Power (physics); Computer science; Physics; Electrical engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0541421639350206,"gpt":0.2432982316264764,"spread":0.1891560676914558,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006185774,0.000340871,0.0003915394,0.000165419,0.0001538814,0.0001046387,0.0001563694,0.0001730421,0.00009083872],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001443396,0.0003418453,0.0001466706,0.0003746282,0.00006034263,0.0004009058,6.157412e-7,0.0002562256,0.00005358112],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001195693,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001441913,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002059616,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004789668,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9973767,0.0002292218,0.0007206187,0.0004311009,0.0007455635,0.000496779],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983861,0.00003657148,0.00007317035,0.0006226925,0.0004449046,0.0004365584],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001081176,0.0002678178,0.0003127074,0.000229982,0.0001343263,0.000004214503,0.00279882,0.9918101,0.004051492,0.00000499211,0.0002195604,0.00005780081],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003711734,0.0006544476,0.0009825571,0.0003328467,0.0001957993,0.00009691495,0.004176935,0.9641237,0.01750031,0.000003751517,0.007043167,0.001177817],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1094627,0.0004820911,0.8762357,0.00001209894,0.008889502,0.0008677155,0.0006066842,0.0007036226,0.002739808],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993463,0.000009209652,0.0003672278,0.00001780839,0.000009902805,0.0000969842,0.0000106362,0.00006157967,0.00008037202],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8898835,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999034,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2498048590","doi":"10.1109/tia.2008.916726","title":"Understanding Power-System Stability","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications","topic":"Power System Optimization and Stability","field":"Engineering","cited_by":97,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Transient (computer programming); Electric power system; Synchronizing; Fault (geology); Control theory (sociology); Electric power transmission; Engineering; Transmission system; Power (physics); Clearing; Computer science; Transmission (telecommunications); Electrical engineering; Control (management); Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.09497899288508901,"gpt":0.2364005822551621,"spread":0.1414215893700731,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001369243,0.0001907032,0.0001867454,0.0001180226,0.0005056412,0.0000239136,0.0001700233,0.0003376045,0.0004174148],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000001647281,0.0002112401,0.00009624262,0.0005816421,0.0001061871,0.00014992,7.146164e-7,0.0006312556,0.0001532547],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007214019,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005683518,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000006749396,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000009792941,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988447,0.0000461169,0.00036936,0.0002788697,0.0002111832,0.0002497739],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990502,0.00008391901,0.00003603153,0.0005945812,0.00005557304,0.0001796707],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003826934,0.0007155891,0.001077249,0.0003067465,0.000238931,0.000009521461,0.002051487,0.9801996,0.002011385,0.009309695,0.0033053,0.0007362188],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.007578378,0.0005741596,0.006351653,0.0004948223,0.0004616009,0.00130244,0.03306093,0.6412903,0.1944929,0.001090301,0.1061493,0.00715322],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.0096818,0.0000130079,0.9588122,0.00007008053,0.0003708706,0.0005661318,0.0001373554,0.001197736,0.02915086],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986594,0.000009301752,0.0005641022,0.00002109539,0.00001987604,0.000533867,0.000004790918,0.00003350781,0.0001541137],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9889776,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8614122,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2115097216","doi":"10.1109/tpwrs.2010.2050344","title":"Neural-Network Security-Boundary Constrained Optimal Power Flow","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Power Systems","topic":"Power System Optimization and Stability","field":"Engineering","cited_by":97,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Electric power system; Artificial neural network; Context (archaeology); Mathematical optimization; Constraint (computer-aided design); Benchmark (surveying); Representation (politics); Differentiable function; Boundary (topology); Process (computing); Function (biology); Power (physics); Artificial intelligence; Mathematics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.005808650260617126,"gpt":0.2028856245994786,"spread":0.1970769743388615,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004486,0.0004216086,0.0004770641,0.0001649361,0.0003054465,0.0002469599,0.0002933514,0.0003419158,0.001154714],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000007072315,0.0004248453,0.0002386285,0.000412657,0.0001499964,0.000307084,0.000001669606,0.000880682,0.0002494669],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008888436,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006584258,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001470024,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00008010619,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9977729,0.0001237369,0.0006807391,0.0004319833,0.0003904161,0.0006001923],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985868,0.0001319068,0.00006942819,0.0007656013,0.0001349082,0.0003113818],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003113865,0.0001068335,0.00002607869,0.00008423072,0.0001316678,0.00001824779,0.001006613,0.993735,0.000680541,0.0002220511,0.00387184,0.00008571611],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001072678,0.0001396678,0.00005849194,0.00008586446,0.00005049074,0.0002449491,0.0004182785,0.9107448,0.0007915308,0.00001655377,0.08550577,0.0008709489],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.02535168,0.0001682926,0.9297931,0.000083692,0.02554706,0.0007332826,0.0002625313,0.001317427,0.016743],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982618,0.000007979839,0.0008762899,0.00006203431,0.00004103266,0.0001132372,0.0000100001,0.0000886445,0.0005389962],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9729101,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998204,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3007472460","doi":"10.1109/tpwrs.2020.2976834","title":"Test Systems for Voltage Stability Studies","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Power Systems","topic":"Power System Optimization and Stability","field":"Engineering","cited_by":90,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo; University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Electric power system; Voltage; Stability (learning theory); Computer science; Control theory (sociology); Set (abstract data type); Engineering; Voltage optimisation; Reliability engineering; Control engineering; Task (project management); Voltage regulation; Power (physics); Control (management); Electrical engineering; Systems engineering; Artificial intelligence","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04858394748149245,"gpt":0.2537404164297381,"spread":0.2051564689482457,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003988171,0.0003405373,0.0006140792,0.0000831952,0.0001865217,0.0001182327,0.0002135344,0.0001522659,0.00004380179],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006452754,0.0003204143,0.0001997463,0.0003414456,0.0000595972,0.0002123569,0.000001220389,0.0002112456,0.00009594865],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002446673,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003558391,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001884181,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000116567,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9980484,0.00008198417,0.0007518014,0.0004432178,0.0002985891,0.0003760308],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998423,0.0005126615,0.00007488718,0.0004744037,0.0002614362,0.0002536237],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007858413,0.0002123072,0.0001389589,0.003404428,0.0004737821,0.000005209104,0.005501858,0.9789753,0.002255351,0.0002069146,0.008683275,0.00006401712],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001587711,0.0006171401,0.0000303635,0.0002498621,0.0001195075,0.00001657678,0.008500031,0.9149627,0.004836858,0.000005274522,0.06815021,0.0009237806],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.001898036,0.002181726,0.9841623,0.0001097534,0.006772357,0.00172481,0.0007419921,0.001100662,0.001308325],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998813,0.00008160033,0.00007208832,0.00005419148,0.0000276613,0.0006218834,0.000005031768,0.00007067752,0.0002539047],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9969149,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999248,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2148799066","doi":"10.1109/tpwrs.2002.1007907","title":"Control loops selection to damp inter-area oscillations of electrical networks","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Power Systems","topic":"Power System Optimization and Stability","field":"Engineering","cited_by":88,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Observability; Controllability; Control theory (sociology); Stability (learning theory); Electric power system; Computer science; Singular value; Selection (genetic algorithm); Control (management); Power (physics); Mathematics; Artificial intelligence","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01123909908867454,"gpt":0.1974034068197312,"spread":0.1861643077310567,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001879205,0.0002156725,0.00036346,0.0002956109,0.0001067531,0.0000504103,0.0001343313,0.0001655224,0.0003665198],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000009543113,0.0002189561,0.0001376079,0.0008238882,0.0000215987,0.000132503,5.005216e-7,0.0002371517,0.00008262645],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002144466,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001049954,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003805732,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004801902,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985014,0.0001140832,0.0005916955,0.0002537914,0.0002352466,0.0003037537],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991657,0.0001236244,0.0000583085,0.0003196844,0.000157366,0.0001753386],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001845775,0.0001041689,0.000119875,0.00002517747,0.00008490443,6.018857e-7,0.0002681025,0.9965325,0.0003351949,0.00006730523,0.002258481,0.0001852039],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004613536,0.0001787482,0.00009300762,0.00005360729,0.00002987844,0.00001898342,0.00004410148,0.9941269,0.0004130506,8.35452e-7,0.004364648,0.000214955],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.002491226,0.0001315268,0.9901552,0.00004003551,0.002506105,0.0006362991,0.00005510165,0.0004141879,0.00357035],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991459,0.0000113283,0.0001246998,0.00003247704,0.0000114814,0.000109765,0.000001922699,0.00003879571,0.0005236855],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9966546,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8928769,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3207851938","doi":"10.1016/j.ijepes.2021.107556","title":"Bibliographic review on power system oscillations damping: An era of conventional grids and renewable energy integration","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems","topic":"Power System Optimization and Stability","field":"Engineering","cited_by":86,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Electric power system; Maximum power transfer theorem; Electric power transmission; Renewable energy; Grid; Computer science; Power transmission; Transmission system; Engineering; Power (physics); Control engineering; Transmission (telecommunications); Electrical engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.009831396370139706,"gpt":0.2388631139079675,"spread":0.2290317175378278,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005884338,0.0002160392,0.0005345133,0.0009197737,0.00005152891,0.000116653,0.0002873669,0.0001311312,0.0000802917],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001538646,0.0001912151,0.0002325919,0.00134003,0.00004077736,0.0003847865,0.00002503611,0.0002202711,0.000001119669],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00021196,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001448429,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001456435,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004055613,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9971458,0.0002512258,0.001294155,0.0002292197,0.0008875076,0.0001920382],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9972295,0.0001679741,0.0004544372,0.0002345574,0.001722123,0.0001914094],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005337455,0.001676603,0.004754789,0.001220377,0.003758001,0.0004614154,0.0004456781,0.3810847,0.01623767,0.5198992,0.06568983,0.004238004],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.007294208,0.003181044,0.008215625,0.02888045,0.0005887072,0.00798002,0.001026102,0.5373394,0.01700496,0.001572786,0.3842246,0.002692114],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.01311035,0.1000276,0.8421948,0.000856781,0.0122003,0.0002922898,0.0001489688,0.0002510297,0.03091791],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9948938,0.004442817,0.000193289,0.0001347912,0.0001035937,0.00001001392,0.00005150837,0.00002660631,0.0001436148],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9817834,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7797526,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2414570229","doi":"10.1002/wene.216","title":"Technical impacts of high penetration levels of wind power on power system stability","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews Energy and Environment","topic":"Power System Optimization and Stability","field":"Engineering","cited_by":86,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Hydro-Québec","funders":"","keywords":"Penetration (warfare); Environmental science; Wind power; Electric power system; Stability (learning theory); Power (physics); Engineering; Electrical engineering; Computer science; Thermodynamics; Physics; Operations research","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01490975761349461,"gpt":0.2276343346002287,"spread":0.2127245769867341,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004825339,0.0002147089,0.0005188656,0.00005533831,0.000037072,0.00000517643,0.000123069,0.0001127382,0.0005170985],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001623304,0.000137635,0.0001203486,0.00006024308,0.0001227947,0.0001183497,0.0001363335,0.00005327797,0.00001035505],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001937947,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007119854,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000002914173,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000763535,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998458,0.0001425086,0.0007839811,0.0002673769,0.0001807946,0.0001673115],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991391,0.00006902192,0.0001583988,0.0005182817,0.0000123486,0.0001028323],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001811178,0.003874286,0.01993954,0.01146339,0.000855853,0.00003952823,0.008924625,0.03677054,0.7126312,0.05660398,0.007543052,0.1395428],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.008902987,0.0104254,0.580478,0.02920847,0.0005321798,0.0002448379,0.001989046,0.005901683,0.2655056,0.002596856,0.08904232,0.00517257],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8072472,0.009033473,0.1670855,0.0003429349,0.0007852427,0.001034948,0.0003573203,0.0001680023,0.01394541],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9981693,0.001434446,0.0003009423,0.000007527407,0.000007987656,0.00002323741,0.00000528321,0.00001732487,0.00003393257],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5605385,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5661865,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2337458972","doi":"10.1109/tpwrs.2015.2452212","title":"A Dynamic Coherency Identification Method Based on Frequency Deviation Signals","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Power Systems","topic":"Power System Optimization and Stability","field":"Engineering","cited_by":85,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Electric power system; Generator (circuit theory); Computer science; Frequency domain; Identification (biology); Time domain; Noise (video); Control theory (sociology); Time–frequency analysis; Electronic engineering; Power (physics); Control engineering; Engineering; Control (management); Artificial intelligence; Telecommunications","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02058363973290185,"gpt":0.2641522313988971,"spread":0.2435685916659953,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009154529,0.0002672372,0.0003099795,0.0003189118,0.0001030365,0.0001259646,0.0001851226,0.0001864181,0.000133594],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002050103,0.0002691686,0.0001221751,0.0004874788,0.00001858991,0.0002471991,3.65117e-7,0.0002160649,0.0003610511],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005392927,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000865323,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005894665,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004210022,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9978734,0.0003445839,0.0006771893,0.0003568278,0.000492612,0.0002554308],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987062,0.0001379544,0.0001123933,0.0006069803,0.0002345479,0.0002019213],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001920594,0.000118148,0.00001845392,0.00008020151,0.00003860864,0.000001741884,0.0004247114,0.9973291,0.001299776,0.0000827605,0.0003620033,0.0002252784],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005856527,0.0001277519,0.0001038182,0.00009836265,0.00003118372,0.000006324267,0.0002211786,0.9958227,0.001924502,0.00003857365,0.0007394029,0.0003005032],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.001261529,0.0001161842,0.985621,0.00005536754,0.004521238,0.0007881644,0.0001160227,0.0006844857,0.006835951],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9973949,0.000003921354,0.001743995,0.00003784008,0.000004757737,0.0002900689,0.00002060193,0.00005418402,0.0004497048],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9961334,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999976,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2125428223","doi":"10.1109/59.852154","title":"Contingency screening for steady-state security analysis by using FFT and artificial neural networks","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Power Systems","topic":"Power System Optimization and Stability","field":"Engineering","cited_by":84,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"Fast Fourier transform; Artificial neural network; Computer science; Contingency table; Preprocessor; Artificial intelligence; Machine learning; Data mining; Reliability engineering; Algorithm; Engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01539544410440372,"gpt":0.2337566001704485,"spread":0.2183611560660448,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000329621,0.0002485845,0.0004357968,0.0001680362,0.0002533763,0.0001640186,0.00009470218,0.0001298676,0.0001278783],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000002134056,0.0002633329,0.0001949614,0.0005015897,0.00003795859,0.0002056651,5.324086e-7,0.0001833976,0.000002714239],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006163007,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007252551,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001441948,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001231171,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984501,0.0001077414,0.0005686196,0.0003351148,0.00017514,0.0003632608],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993551,0.00009199515,0.00005944448,0.0002749495,0.00006976281,0.0001486941],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000044408,0.00003547165,0.00006988208,0.00004818958,0.0003302532,9.250235e-7,0.0006053131,0.9978442,0.0001422062,0.000003568086,0.00009965666,0.0007759028],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002809889,0.00003863226,0.00002386744,0.00002330831,0.0002098186,0.000004904105,0.0001787925,0.9980494,0.00008931835,0.000002126633,0.0008370575,0.0002618045],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.0900905,0.0004071436,0.9071319,0.000009708218,0.001007008,0.0005380553,0.0002776516,0.0002697986,0.0002682985],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994013,0.00002031302,0.0002642688,0.0000150585,0.00001155873,0.00005630466,0.00001315795,0.00004059346,0.0001774182],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9093108,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999819,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}