{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":119,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":119,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12"},"query_hash":"a26e428d2ee6","filters":{"topic":"Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata"}},"results":[{"id":"W2138040286","doi":"10.1109/tnano.2004.834177","title":"A Method of Majority Logic Reduction for Quantum Cellular Automata","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Nanotechnology","topic":"Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":392,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary; Western University","funders":"CMC Microsystems","keywords":"Adder; Cellular automaton; Boolean function; Quantum dot cellular automaton; Computer science; Logic gate; Reduction (mathematics); Logic synthesis; Quantum cellular automaton; Boolean expression; Algorithm; Arithmetic; Theoretical computer science; Mathematics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02242364787838741,"gpt":0.2764835587294113,"spread":0.2540599108510239,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006242436,0.0002553465,0.0004044142,0.0006307643,0.0001884743,0.00003128506,0.001147142,0.0004508472,0.000009536031],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002050757,0.0002604517,0.0002383268,0.0009486335,0.0001769819,0.0003492999,0.00001143713,0.0004196051,0.0000444271],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001484231,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001956607,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001066064,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000181152,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979962,0.0001190648,0.0004957149,0.0007022455,0.0002607387,0.0004261092],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981216,0.0001346045,0.0002206378,0.001329989,0.0001302194,0.00006299682],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004139305,0.0006139309,1.020676e-7,0.00006374167,0.00006153119,0.00001385052,0.0002030863,0.01169454,0.5254173,0.4219409,0.00002591019,0.0399238],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001081422,0.0006138689,0.000001611208,0.00003032654,0.00003515328,0.0001794716,0.00003383482,0.05362001,0.8071762,0.1365427,0.0004689209,0.0002165266],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.01703598,0.00006363149,0.9748147,0.005091173,0.001109949,0.0005844492,0.00002590986,0.001249211,0.00002506549],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6848449,0.00002938562,0.3148839,0.00006909193,0.00001080294,0.00009807866,0.000002426058,0.00002081203,0.00004057381],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6678089,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999847,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1561050196","doi":"10.1109/acssc.2003.1292223","title":"Computer arithmetic structures for quantum cellular automata","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":126,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Quantum dot cellular automaton; Quantum cellular automaton; Cellular automaton; Computer science; Electronic circuit; Boolean function; Multiplication (music); Arithmetic; Function (biology); Logic gate; Transistor; Automaton; Theoretical computer science; Algorithm; Mathematics; Electrical engineering; Engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01638992425990819,"gpt":0.2396006203782095,"spread":0.2232106961183013,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003963854,0.0002817971,0.0002888124,0.0001733116,0.0001632057,0.0004217755,0.001737172,0.0001037497,0.00002531133],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003059924,0.0002419853,0.000168614,0.0003275937,0.00007000171,0.0006099774,0.0004963501,0.0001495419,0.0001666943],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006924594,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001739307,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006959798,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001156406,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979291,0.00005801947,0.000372209,0.0007012048,0.0004012096,0.0005382497],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982445,0.000130847,0.0001078441,0.001255503,0.00009897212,0.0001623025],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000002912434,0.00007802718,0.000006805957,0.0000362117,0.000023824,0.00003333593,0.0002171476,0.001435269,0.002700127,0.9905236,0.001200191,0.003742582],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001423273,0.0002408353,0.0005711526,0.00002180829,0.00001318481,0.00007236404,0.000009682777,0.6461819,0.02900679,0.3163076,0.005715203,0.0004361485],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.02354356,0.0001095718,0.9706953,0.002619329,0.00100093,0.0004639717,0.000006159691,0.001137384,0.0004238459],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.5509767,0.000003346377,0.4475927,0.001146097,0.00009443599,0.00002110476,0.00001633971,0.00002532247,0.0001239505],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6742159,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9867873,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1586638331","doi":"10.1109/iscas.2005.1465139","title":"Performance Comparison of Quantum-dot Cellular Automata Adders","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":91,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary; Western University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; CMC Microsystems","keywords":"Adder; Computer science; Carry (investment); Quantum dot cellular automaton; Carry-save adder; Cellular automaton; Serial binary adder; Latency (audio); Arithmetic; Parallel computing; Electronic engineering; Algorithm; Mathematics; Engineering; Telecommunications","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02445182821773496,"gpt":0.2621067466431226,"spread":0.2376549184253877,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004838086,0.000272381,0.0004426583,0.0002148014,0.0001324666,0.00009483423,0.00224511,0.00010376,0.0002406013],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000030928,0.000250388,0.0001306036,0.0005843003,0.0001278702,0.001059697,0.0005456111,0.0002122509,0.0009425458],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005570808,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000116299,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004067636,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001085328,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9974104,0.0000829612,0.0007211461,0.0005569442,0.0006951015,0.0005334849],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9977131,0.00009967499,0.0002682205,0.001648762,0.0001065648,0.0001636476],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005275456,0.002247932,0.01656852,0.0004725172,0.0002032329,0.00003967407,0.005852316,0.009904411,0.1309414,0.4336893,0.0459189,0.354109],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004198934,0.0001341092,0.001087839,0.00002699227,0.000009521272,0.00001008523,0.00006113467,0.8211542,0.1679216,0.0001137517,0.008793691,0.0002671138],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7523555,0.0004112242,0.2325791,0.001092694,0.0004353122,0.0002762224,0.000002993392,0.0009654063,0.01188162],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9587359,0.00002056846,0.04046251,0.0001555134,0.00006337578,0.000007853284,0.000008587778,0.00002167172,0.0005240008],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8112498,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999948,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1602403210","doi":"10.1109/acssc.2004.1399080","title":"High level exploration of quantum-dot cellular automata (QCA)","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":69,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; CMC Microsystems","keywords":"Quantum dot cellular automaton; Cellular automaton; Computer science; Quantum cellular automaton; Electronic circuit; Automaton; Logic gate; Set (abstract data type); Simple (philosophy); Computer architecture; Computer engineering; Parallel computing; Theoretical computer science; Algorithm; Engineering; Electrical engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05832322581153272,"gpt":0.2564816261422218,"spread":0.198158400330689,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005958696,0.0002602814,0.0003440577,0.0002373483,0.0001067589,0.0001387575,0.001717206,0.0001115053,0.0001858733],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005885843,0.0002420589,0.0001217324,0.0005913839,0.00007935237,0.002794257,0.0004955007,0.0001483088,0.0009708625],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006909472,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001285826,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001553615,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003200659,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9974856,0.000118704,0.0006535444,0.0006014303,0.0007093172,0.0004314313],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9976666,0.00009847611,0.0002520913,0.001686415,0.0001551104,0.000141305],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006093261,0.0002677129,0.0000295042,0.00003630071,0.00002792049,0.00002012931,0.0006364507,0.00101544,0.0763581,0.8971195,0.00444256,0.02004031],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005878838,0.0001104287,0.000421191,0.00002350772,0.00001114248,0.00001212118,0.00004204981,0.6084881,0.374839,0.009746585,0.0053898,0.0003281458],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.08443812,0.0001245474,0.9094136,0.003107647,0.0004704817,0.000243469,0.000008603311,0.0007566618,0.001436834],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8723934,0.0000185274,0.1262064,0.0002073575,0.0001103407,0.00001416505,0.00002267978,0.00002321729,0.001003839],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8873729,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999807,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1982064050","doi":"10.1145/1229175.1229177","title":"Simulation of random cell displacements in QCA","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACM Journal on Emerging Technologies in Computing Systems","topic":"Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":65,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Crossover; Quantum dot cellular automaton; Cellular automaton; Inverter; Displacement (psychology); Electronic circuit; Computer science; Coherence (philosophical gambling strategy); Electronic engineering; Function (biology); Algorithm; Mathematics; Engineering; Electrical engineering; Artificial intelligence","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02096406007632658,"gpt":0.2993816023994463,"spread":0.2784175423231198,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004427177,0.0002221632,0.0004603883,0.001352877,0.0001161667,0.0001095762,0.002777265,0.0001802654,7.311261e-7],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001435504,0.0002034132,0.00008255793,0.001333174,0.00006220553,0.0002918403,0.0009208401,0.000712133,0.000007407699],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003034637,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004196818,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002963662,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005331574,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9969719,0.000174823,0.001299104,0.0003751777,0.0006104034,0.0005685892],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9965278,0.001442198,0.0008253343,0.00107139,0.00009654801,0.00003674188],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004812965,0.000179578,0.02807681,0.0001080148,0.00001729862,0.0002645541,0.0007156162,0.9450907,0.001507219,0.003204527,0.00006438982,0.02072321],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001969982,0.0001439293,0.001623341,0.0008825752,0.000003251549,0.00004417644,0.0007275267,0.989092,0.00348843,0.001565895,0.0002304021,0.0002285254],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.5535862,0.0005710441,0.4439183,0.0001699704,0.001106909,0.000204263,2.286978e-7,0.0003088162,0.0001342843],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.988789,0.00002409384,0.01110674,0.00001265689,0.00003826714,0.000001484052,5.375815e-7,0.00001585446,0.00001131916],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4352028,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.829495,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4321793958","doi":"10.1016/j.nancom.2023.100442","title":"A nano-scale n-bit ripple carry adder using an optimized XOR gate and quantum-dots technology with diminished cells and power dissipation","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nano Communication Networks","topic":"Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":53,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"Adder; Carry-save adder; Computer science; Quantum dot cellular automaton; Electronic engineering; Electronic circuit; XOR gate; Serial binary adder; Logic gate; CMOS; Arithmetic; Mathematics; Electrical engineering; Algorithm; Engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0169002141001593,"gpt":0.2516483170627934,"spread":0.2347481029626342,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006755355,0.0002773681,0.0003554478,0.0003200068,0.0005469394,0.0003161539,0.001196446,0.0002603509,0.00001133157],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002081401,0.0002578869,0.00003558797,0.001351307,0.0003255862,0.0007954356,0.001023841,0.0003301468,0.000007863895],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004543597,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006975365,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004999655,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006190023,"domain_scores_codex":[0.997904,0.0003520203,0.0004126481,0.0006057326,0.00026886,0.000456709],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9969307,0.0002127735,0.0002906692,0.002254856,0.0001549043,0.0001561671],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001180951,0.002649188,0.01748606,0.0004217238,0.0009463728,0.0002477391,0.03276875,0.3153182,0.2661126,0.2626754,0.004752945,0.09544004],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001018408,0.0001459141,0.001404391,0.00008378783,0.00003215059,0.00005209021,0.0002478591,0.9927285,0.001853063,0.001415173,0.0006597064,0.0003589823],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7894799,0.001061446,0.2063177,0.001466737,0.0001640697,0.0005708887,0.000007034469,0.0008406828,0.00009159772],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9451124,0.0003106482,0.05424096,0.0001001128,0.00001411175,0.00005915543,0.0000660834,0.00004253491,0.00005396469],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6774102,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999874,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2964280466","doi":"10.1007/978-3-662-43722-3_3","title":"Silicon Atomic Quantum Dots Enable Beyond-CMOS Electronics","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Lecture notes in computer science","topic":"Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":51,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"National Institute for Nanotechnology; University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Quantum dot cellular automaton; Quantum dot; Quantum cellular automaton; Dangling bond; Silicon; Quantum computer; Quantum; Computer science; Nanotechnology; Fabrication; Atom (system on chip); Electronic circuit; Optoelectronics; Materials science; Physics; Quantum mechanics; Embedded system","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01006864907581345,"gpt":0.2219131296387508,"spread":0.2118444805629373,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","scholarly_communication","open_science"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00198268,0.00112229,0.001132837,0.001258109,0.0004757193,0.001159381,0.008750976,0.0006971736,0.00005518042],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001541478,0.001082229,0.0003191757,0.00103396,0.0009348923,0.0008654182,0.002897973,0.001809424,0.0005972688],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008668149,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001625405,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003978789,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00008882646,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9919622,0.0001111336,0.001020032,0.003120754,0.001868721,0.001917189],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9939781,0.0006834483,0.0006136984,0.003993839,0.0003264217,0.0004044285],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001214649,0.000066011,0.00004330257,0.0001341997,0.00004075991,0.000251026,0.0006078678,0.01376359,0.002138875,0.5933056,0.0002832547,0.3893534],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003206887,0.0002418533,0.00001931823,0.000198678,0.00001350475,0.0001771478,7.389615e-8,0.6492126,0.007308871,0.3305462,0.01098557,0.0009754947],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.000727377,0.001951005,0.9866706,0.0009428707,0.003022275,0.0006660673,0.000005005663,0.0006379626,0.005376802],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8165911,0.0003339865,0.1721937,0.006429813,0.001683371,0.00004576882,0.00004424475,0.0002874537,0.002390501],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8158638,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998775,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2038827871","doi":"10.1103/physreva.76.032320","title":"Local unitary quantum cellular automata","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical Review A","topic":"Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":49,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Army Research Office; Mitacs; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research","keywords":"Quantum cellular automaton; Unitary state; Cellular automaton; Quantum computer; Quantum; Quantum operation; Quantum mechanics; Computer science; Open quantum system; Physics; Theoretical computer science; Algorithm","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01671827834064053,"gpt":0.289183340812961,"spread":0.2724650624723205,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001344069,0.000275502,0.0005131348,0.00006981401,0.00008413458,0.00006430396,0.001640533,0.00003683917,0.00001951182],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001319616,0.0002321339,0.0002528841,0.0008664482,0.0001120026,0.0005481602,0.0006140477,0.0003272067,0.001455698],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006216617,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001054403,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003270899,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003133866,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9975724,0.0001934968,0.0004293338,0.000578058,0.0006466254,0.0005801508],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9976741,0.0003118574,0.0001349627,0.001519691,0.00008413527,0.0002752686],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000002742011,0.0003912037,0.00001064863,0.0007834902,0.00002476323,0.0002920271,0.0001241327,0.000006600196,0.003573963,0.9166278,0.003344951,0.07481765],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008298337,0.0004345224,0.001960237,0.003463499,0.0001516603,0.0001469441,0.00002507684,0.6066507,0.0245285,0.1313661,0.2288522,0.001590644],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.01730382,0.02153843,0.9533826,0.002765532,0.0002832394,0.0004296106,0.000001951743,0.0007431581,0.003551657],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9902091,0.001632038,0.003673001,0.004264433,0.0001090187,0.00001449171,0.00001336451,0.00002993236,0.00005461359],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9729053,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9993218,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2005435060","doi":"10.5539/mas.v3n2p110","title":"Investigation on Dielectric Constant of Zinc Oxide","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Modern Applied Science","topic":"Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":42,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Font; Computer science; Artificial intelligence","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02599652335366082,"gpt":0.2286671654296596,"spread":0.2026706420759988,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008065808,0.0001483697,0.0001785238,0.0003214945,0.0002012496,0.0001276376,0.001805158,0.00004197954,0.000002353083],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006008168,0.0001353643,0.0000333803,0.001782709,0.0004406665,0.0003885508,0.000151273,0.0001372462,0.00005638396],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009568042,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003285912,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000006618433,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001150614,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9977281,0.00002217214,0.0002853917,0.0006342082,0.0009076736,0.0004224502],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986336,0.00006286136,0.000166354,0.0009010125,0.00008178727,0.0001543494],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000002785499,0.00002044995,0.00001133757,0.000002164074,7.172733e-7,0.000002245087,0.0003013923,0.0001499073,0.6292574,0.3578018,0.00002094538,0.01242888],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001281351,0.00007182049,0.001210653,0.000009612957,0.000001644859,0.000004560069,0.000004727102,0.4794014,0.4125755,0.1064522,0.00001887051,0.0001209461],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3853932,0.00003696507,0.5991656,0.0004042076,0.00006813445,0.0002202617,7.598712e-7,0.00019447,0.01451647],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9837216,0.000003013371,0.0155405,0.0006838326,0.000008802348,0.000005656316,7.036355e-7,0.000004577635,0.0000313763],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5983284,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5519995,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2133360183","doi":"10.1145/988952.989054","title":"Design and characterization of an and-or-inverter (AOI) gate for QCA implementation","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":40,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"University of Calgary","keywords":"Characterization (materials science); Inverter; Logic gate; Computer science; Electronic engineering; Electrical engineering; Materials science; Engineering; Nanotechnology; Voltage","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03066697997439296,"gpt":0.2839617244431313,"spread":0.2532947444687384,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000203969,0.00006823994,0.00008438849,0.00005432514,0.00004725874,0.00007310233,0.0001356134,0.00002320142,0.00001272824],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000003604921,0.00005564584,0.000009832808,0.00008492926,0.00001954462,0.0007861612,0.00005363691,0.00001503471,0.000001679487],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001107189,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000367685,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000250652,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001188623,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994169,0.00003036533,0.0001561939,0.0002006003,0.00008462304,0.0001113541],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996535,0.00002339534,0.00006842441,0.0001732885,0.00003755265,0.00004379581],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004424199,0.00006853463,0.000157573,0.00007645964,0.00001858619,0.000003883941,0.002256074,0.00003139076,0.8307512,0.06336077,0.00001999467,0.1032113],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001545932,0.0005615902,0.01062904,0.00001363567,0.00001125135,0.00002433997,0.00004976988,0.4958834,0.4824253,0.008599303,0.00009183072,0.0001646887],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3887625,0.000002761895,0.6107409,0.0001924884,0.00002842786,0.0002283778,0.000001719337,0.00003816722,0.000004637239],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.856141,0.00001046526,0.1435464,0.0002140017,0.00001013869,0.00001667671,0.00002580014,0.000006325786,0.00002915973],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.495852,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2269171,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3094920897","doi":"10.1109/tnano.2020.3036629","title":"Atomic Silicon Quantum Dot: A New Designing Paradigm of an Atomic Logic Circuit","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Nanotechnology","topic":"Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":39,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"XNOR gate; Logic gate; NAND gate; AND-OR-Invert; NMOS logic; Pass transistor logic; NOR logic; CMOS; NAND logic; Electronic circuit; Logic family; Adder; Electronic engineering; Resistor–transistor logic; Computer science; Logic synthesis; AND gate; Materials science; Transistor; Digital electronics; Electrical engineering; Engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03754109243173206,"gpt":0.2455032444107642,"spread":0.2079621519790321,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000200259,0.0003457772,0.0005494609,0.0004856741,0.0001737113,0.0000576664,0.002026493,0.0004893814,0.00005569979],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001980044,0.0003678451,0.0001976155,0.001287872,0.0002173957,0.0005005283,0.00001553691,0.00067905,0.0002939625],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001062706,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003272634,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001014472,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002850914,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9974325,0.000156645,0.0006001733,0.0009359636,0.0003031759,0.000571575],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980122,0.0001537381,0.0002410622,0.001303798,0.00003978502,0.0002494343],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006917879,0.0003410834,0.000007179872,0.00006110148,0.0001110521,0.0001533968,0.001197007,0.003593403,0.7683415,0.1614449,0.00008926712,0.06459094],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009738902,0.0008426505,0.00001396684,0.00003004174,0.00004026024,0.0001331409,0.00004793191,0.2258647,0.7229804,0.04840051,0.0002967985,0.0003756889],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.2990927,0.0001123752,0.6960893,0.002944103,0.0003297,0.0002752073,0.00000724864,0.00113477,0.00001466292],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9920841,0.00004215608,0.007181473,0.0005773556,0.0000261907,0.00002542665,0.000001892085,0.00004040148,0.00002093314],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6929916,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998773,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2531984623","doi":"10.1109/icasic.2007.4415874","title":"Quantum-dots cellular automata comparator","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":38,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"University of Calgary","keywords":"Comparator; Quantum dot cellular automaton; Cellular automaton; Computer science; Quantum dot; Function (biology); Quantum cellular automaton; Quantum; Biological system; Theoretical computer science; Algorithm; Physics; Optoelectronics; Quantum mechanics; Biology; Voltage","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0187279816915575,"gpt":0.2548445963489104,"spread":0.236116614657353,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00140542,0.0003218985,0.0003459135,0.0002670106,0.0002028245,0.0002940479,0.002553631,0.0001251219,0.000198847],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004781752,0.0002928193,0.0001420972,0.0008605486,0.00009770276,0.000805137,0.000700267,0.0002391054,0.003922806],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008205872,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001104862,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006788548,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002092004,"domain_scores_codex":[0.996918,0.00007851067,0.0006020401,0.0007673255,0.0007440011,0.0008901723],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9971606,0.0001830377,0.0001528714,0.002019673,0.0001100402,0.0003737413],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001024975,0.0002857773,0.0005632811,0.00003042803,0.00003821308,0.0005602883,0.0003773226,0.00002069472,0.04181593,0.9325128,0.01699944,0.006785527],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001213817,0.000188232,0.006357417,0.0000320864,0.00001716856,0.0002189836,0.00008785155,0.6524252,0.2510095,0.01008199,0.07731529,0.001052511],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1637758,0.0002633151,0.8159133,0.0005152904,0.0009690227,0.000241118,0.00000179017,0.001900308,0.01642004],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9572241,0.00000506786,0.0408304,0.0006605822,0.0001144273,0.000004911348,0.000009348527,0.00002907306,0.001122113],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9224309,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999524,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4210883782","doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-80538-8_3","title":"Semiconductor Physics","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"","topic":"Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":37,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"British Columbia Institute of Technology","funders":"","keywords":"Semiconductor; Solid-state; Semiconductor device; Transistor; Diode; Engineering physics; Semiconductor materials; Physics; Nanotechnology; Optoelectronics; Materials science; Quantum mechanics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03087419411428429,"gpt":0.2185809468344301,"spread":0.1877067527201458,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001328569,0.0003309979,0.0003210212,0.00008489413,0.0001115973,0.0001249188,0.002178091,0.000129992,0.006503136],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000005296125,0.0003311371,0.000204473,0.00005387977,0.00004688595,0.000358175,0.001656284,0.0005132143,0.002040127],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001184747,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001758439,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001357892,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001913979,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981852,0.00001756255,0.000261689,0.0007028396,0.0005704974,0.000262225],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9979159,0.0000613677,0.0001708009,0.001712619,0.00004480414,0.00009455422],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[3.235014e-7,0.000008141173,3.075676e-7,0.0000128516,0.00003014209,0.00007052133,0.00005529962,0.000003562552,0.0001684977,0.9771773,0.01703583,0.005437272],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00008581639,0.00003600232,7.173936e-7,0.00001334398,0.00001305749,0.00003634125,0.000001279889,0.005370588,0.0004720023,0.1556241,0.8379036,0.0004431162],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.000008292031,0.000344791,0.03605514,0.0002688265,0.001224596,0.0001895122,0.00001759056,0.0007672316,0.961124],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0004272309,0.0000560074,0.007331385,0.0007120353,0.0002429579,0.000009318715,0.00005604484,0.00006922462,0.9910958],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8215531,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999141,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4396506659","doi":"10.1021/acs.accounts.4c00077","title":"Chirality-Induced Spin Selectivity in Composite Materials: A Device Perspective","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Accounts of Chemical Research","topic":"Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":35,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Natural Resources Canada; Universidad de Granada; Agencia Estatal de Investigación; Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación Productiva","keywords":"Spintronics; Spin engineering; Magnetism; Condensed matter physics; Physics; Qubit; Quantum technology; Ferromagnetism; Spins; Spin (aerodynamics); Quantum computer; Spin polarization; Nanotechnology; Quantum; Quantum mechanics; Materials science; Electron; Open quantum system","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.08257325351053614,"gpt":0.4239971095704717,"spread":0.3414238560599356,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002985287,0.0001745784,0.0003354925,0.0004500855,0.00004887793,0.0004041444,0.001752665,0.0001552229,0.00004775293],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007824342,0.0001643398,0.00006756331,0.002119894,0.000162082,0.0008284806,0.001098526,0.0007607846,0.0002132797],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005597329,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004373208,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001949952,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003007569,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9965631,0.0003548992,0.0003772289,0.0007917586,0.00123329,0.0006796813],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9979509,0.0006901626,0.0000429484,0.0007633646,0.0004383395,0.0001142525],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000280235,0.000147627,0.0001027911,0.0001445489,0.00002241584,0.00007001685,0.0007781801,3.787511e-7,0.9543935,0.04278651,0.0002100489,0.001315934],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002164861,0.00005527524,0.001786942,0.0002140525,0.000002925673,0.00001652565,0.00005479986,0.00805749,0.9708663,0.0183923,0.0001670378,0.0001698554],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.995039,0.0003771953,0.0003098568,0.002128305,0.0001423961,0.0003196977,0.000009469471,0.0001435922,0.001530427],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988519,0.00001118077,0.0009253295,0.00004066571,0.00008188548,0.00003460219,0.000004026308,0.00002071538,0.00002971501],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02439421,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6701584,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2056157682","doi":"10.1145/1350763.1350769","title":"Molecular QCA design with chemically reasonable constraints","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACM Journal on Emerging Technologies in Computing Systems","topic":"Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":32,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Canadian Psychological Association","keywords":"Computer science; Electronic circuit; Work (physics); Isolation (microbiology); Engineering; Electrical engineering; Mechanical engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02743321935386354,"gpt":0.2489634697757235,"spread":0.22153025042186,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001535546,0.0003690162,0.0005313737,0.0005994965,0.0003933977,0.0002431756,0.004592538,0.0002282604,0.000001644057],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001211404,0.0003063387,0.00008749646,0.001218677,0.0003806195,0.0003153021,0.001016875,0.001149753,0.00002517761],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000309338,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002299876,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001178414,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.359787e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9966888,0.0002440788,0.0007644274,0.0006481616,0.0008167818,0.0008376969],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9969496,0.0004831435,0.0005588633,0.001734043,0.0001842753,0.00009007602],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001903249,0.001092947,0.01916712,0.0004015368,0.0007438799,0.05837492,0.003344254,0.5389684,0.05518007,0.1780874,0.01221209,0.132237],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002554193,0.001067466,0.0004427808,0.003496954,0.00002143875,0.03711341,0.001089674,0.8898118,0.05268867,0.008436339,0.001698261,0.00157906],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3224195,0.0009808168,0.6723655,0.001459891,0.0005463794,0.0002756105,3.399912e-7,0.001653023,0.0002988581],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8509669,0.00007000269,0.1488183,0.00005849775,0.00003525174,0.000006972002,4.565017e-7,0.00003010264,0.00001355758],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5285473,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999388,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3001830075","doi":"10.1109/les.2020.2966791","title":"Configurable Logic Blocks and Memory Blocks for Beyond-CMOS FPGA-Based Embedded Systems","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Embedded Systems Letters","topic":"Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Ministry of Electronics and Information technology","keywords":"Computer science; Field-programmable gate array; CMOS; Electronic circuit; Quantum dot cellular automaton; Logic gate; Embedded system; Computer architecture; Electronic engineering; Computer hardware; Electrical engineering; Engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02714489678719189,"gpt":0.2365554151430846,"spread":0.2094105183558927,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","scholarly_communication"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001650753,0.0008097992,0.001266579,0.0002875208,0.0004350748,0.001152469,0.002088455,0.000344864,0.00001738124],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002079905,0.0007809607,0.0003101128,0.0006848931,0.0002125548,0.0006100148,0.0001745524,0.0004929458,0.000133436],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001623028,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002352972,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001677848,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004121222,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9939012,0.0007234465,0.001304145,0.001772249,0.001019835,0.001279114],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9957612,0.0008934796,0.0006936117,0.001697392,0.0002586385,0.0006956526],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000154182,0.0002054347,0.00006396951,0.003247557,0.0005498797,0.0009227201,0.005326145,0.1339927,0.5436546,0.005851253,0.305281,0.0007507011],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002618477,0.0002639719,0.000004645654,0.0002695656,0.00009694387,0.0001640701,0.0005005543,0.9595997,0.02830308,0.00006496404,0.007046414,0.001067617],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1022187,0.00192567,0.8737765,0.008689875,0.005963021,0.004385009,0.00009407965,0.001794438,0.001152734],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9861242,0.00000390516,0.002395421,0.009406635,0.0008754373,0.0005506476,0.00003860677,0.0001122398,0.0004928833],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8839055,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998844,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2075436787","doi":"10.1080/10241230211381","title":"QCA implementation of a multichannel filter for image processing","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Mathematical Problems in Engineering","topic":"Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Cellular automaton; Computer science; Filter (signal processing); Quantum dot cellular automaton; Image (mathematics); Image processing; Composite image filter; Computer engineering; Theoretical computer science; Algorithm; Computer vision; Artificial intelligence; Electronic engineering; Engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0252468534914703,"gpt":0.2569686856942215,"spread":0.2317218322027512,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003205412,0.0001254433,0.0002005577,0.0001379336,0.00002114391,0.00005896658,0.0003626326,0.00003963553,0.0000376942],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008781005,0.0001198667,0.0000495161,0.0002424149,0.00001534952,0.0003949545,0.0001053987,0.00008006343,0.00001430457],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003434485,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006973115,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000002626445,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001045795,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988851,0.000009672436,0.0004319963,0.0002138993,0.0001722761,0.000287059],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994671,0.0001174761,0.00007659946,0.000254784,0.0000414721,0.00004255094],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006056377,0.001639018,0.0001819095,0.03523586,0.0001264541,0.00005617832,0.05636015,0.1497489,0.3858812,0.2572008,0.0008452093,0.1127182],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000390199,0.0000322344,0.00001830689,0.0002100025,0.000004155292,0.000009229332,0.00003513812,0.9781789,0.01317149,0.00779155,0.00002792709,0.0001308505],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.008218007,0.00009072333,0.9908387,0.0001233961,0.00004313439,0.000466539,0.000002017899,0.0001279311,0.00008952409],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.751021,0.00000134705,0.2488195,0.000008153083,0.00001163243,0.0001055171,0.000001109814,0.00001616385,0.00001554674],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.82843,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4888022,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2018718678","doi":"10.1109/tnano.2014.2300494","title":"Efficient Simulation of Correlated Dynamics in Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata (QCA)","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Nanotechnology","topic":"Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Quantum cellular automaton; Quantum dot cellular automaton; Cellular automaton; Quantum entanglement; Hamiltonian (control theory); Electronic circuit; Computer science; Quantum dot; Hartree; Quantum; Quantum computer; Statistical physics; Mathematics; Physics; Quantum mechanics; Algorithm; Mathematical optimization","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.009473477664135904,"gpt":0.2258584604702377,"spread":0.2163849828061019,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005186398,0.0002829569,0.0004434502,0.001144255,0.0001232668,0.00002819237,0.00120588,0.0005360674,0.00001735014],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004586976,0.0003035997,0.0001340425,0.001689258,0.0002076345,0.0001253841,0.00001724327,0.000608241,0.0001348732],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003007281,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000785162,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008941617,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001049112,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9975681,0.0001910942,0.0007008976,0.0006744453,0.0003840924,0.0004814226],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9976777,0.0003709194,0.0002504066,0.001536351,0.00009743484,0.00006722107],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002326579,0.0004676595,0.000009956605,0.00002700252,0.00001864174,0.00001675144,0.0001062604,0.9263799,0.02178268,0.02799008,0.000002981798,0.02317488],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008970303,0.0002946282,0.00002819654,0.0000532296,0.00001622382,0.00001604661,0.00002371499,0.8895884,0.1071962,0.001563163,0.00007712358,0.0002460644],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3641307,0.00001880797,0.6339284,0.0003647814,0.0006440933,0.0002311087,0.000007204622,0.0006243879,0.00005057175],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9969293,0.000007778481,0.002914598,0.00004074786,0.000005778377,0.00002330328,0.000005023459,0.00003109848,0.00004235038],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6327986,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999416,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1969370902","doi":"10.1016/j.sysarc.2006.12.007","title":"Designing layout–timing independent quantum-dot cellular automata (QCA) circuits by global asynchrony","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Systems Architecture","topic":"Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"University of Calgary; University of Missouri","keywords":"Computer science; Quantum dot cellular automaton; Asynchrony (computer programming); Asynchronous communication; Cellular automaton; Electronic circuit; Very-large-scale integration; Computer architecture; Electronic engineering; Algorithm; Embedded system; Telecommunications; Electrical engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0158462246452294,"gpt":0.2450313002799892,"spread":0.2291850756347598,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004725944,0.0005678825,0.0009210595,0.0004755987,0.0003235361,0.000673608,0.00313946,0.000337994,0.00001204093],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001775486,0.0004831162,0.0003891837,0.0009410863,0.00009953806,0.0007695337,0.0004856967,0.001134444,0.00005614194],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006074712,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004186594,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001012302,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001297053,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9936286,0.0004773938,0.001831251,0.0006729041,0.002251538,0.001138314],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9957588,0.0003322607,0.001734489,0.001159916,0.0003585171,0.0006559939],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001686254,0.001066746,0.008533145,0.001382704,0.001385549,0.01442923,0.0093862,0.03645966,0.8143984,0.02270919,0.01918136,0.07089917],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.02226894,0.007060196,0.02444398,0.01158382,0.001117878,0.123664,0.005768022,0.466629,0.2313791,0.01632992,0.07933305,0.01042212],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1986538,0.004598756,0.7929732,0.0003784538,0.002428326,0.0003415687,0.00001544311,0.0002180383,0.0003923866],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9875408,0.00001200406,0.0115283,0.0001349781,0.0006453267,0.000003288004,0.000005290877,0.00005248516,0.00007752518],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.788887,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997621,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4285049382","doi":"10.1109/mdat.2022.3189814","title":"Three-Input NPN Class Gate Library for Atomic Silicon Quantum Dots","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Design and Test","topic":"Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico; Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior","keywords":"Dangling bond; Silicon; Quantum dot; Optoelectronics; Materials science; Class (philosophy); Nanotechnology; Computer science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02811113124083529,"gpt":0.2279526432668035,"spread":0.1998415120259682,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004254565,0.0002094367,0.0002321108,0.0001312946,0.0004062536,0.0002701306,0.001023269,0.00005325456,0.00003999953],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004085493,0.000209349,0.00008319524,0.0003352337,0.00006271898,0.0005872573,0.00035946,0.0001968039,0.00005470323],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003251209,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001623862,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001244959,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001845585,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983683,0.0001064671,0.000262037,0.0005886593,0.0002529942,0.0004215664],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981605,0.0009156705,0.0001153979,0.0006449794,0.00002033514,0.0001430795],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002558561,0.001254536,0.005110862,0.0003453708,0.0001798247,0.0009000238,0.001906869,0.001581756,0.1732007,0.5549283,0.2152235,0.04511234],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00079047,0.0004661485,0.0006695003,0.00001299517,0.000013761,0.0001154062,0.0000119051,0.9198115,0.01959601,0.04296663,0.01520065,0.0003449958],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.2116389,0.0009275342,0.7814662,0.002261721,0.001296766,0.001101106,0.00006380634,0.001029007,0.0002149105],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.988021,0.00002089756,0.01043769,0.0008864296,0.00009802597,0.0001735411,0.00001681153,0.00004660208,0.0002989728],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9182298,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8537003,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4288038269","doi":"10.3390/electronics11152320","title":"Ultra-Low-Cost Design of Ripple Carry Adder to Design Nanoelectronics in QCA Nanotechnology","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Electronics","topic":"Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"Adder; Electronic engineering; Quantum dot cellular automaton; Electronic circuit; Computer science; Nanoelectronics; Logic gate; Inverter; Digital electronics; Engineering; Electrical engineering; CMOS; Nanotechnology; Materials science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01524395404149981,"gpt":0.2282590487517822,"spread":0.2130150947102824,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001595888,0.0003256043,0.000475398,0.0006074685,0.0002363527,0.00005045536,0.002941357,0.0001617267,0.0000690343],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001571697,0.0003819498,0.0001021151,0.002610307,0.00006059646,0.0002381958,0.0005586841,0.000943525,0.00004909743],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009961468,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001596208,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003302433,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007400393,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9958388,0.0006277869,0.0005964378,0.0008496884,0.0006431711,0.001444125],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.997875,0.0003089928,0.0002128029,0.001405609,0.00008278739,0.0001148566],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002312802,0.0008206814,0.00009038591,0.00005044538,0.0001163562,0.000195873,0.002504143,0.2271916,0.583856,0.1323412,0.007255867,0.04534616],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001202025,0.002167295,0.00002983282,0.00002175849,0.00002076435,0.0002084617,0.00008515544,0.2120981,0.7293569,0.01798682,0.03601358,0.0008093782],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.03536724,0.00540417,0.9560092,0.001096913,0.0002951179,0.001377126,0.000009387429,0.0003782662,0.00006258272],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9647458,0.0002334598,0.03379927,0.0005161533,0.00001961784,0.0004445276,0.00001346774,0.00006440271,0.000163345],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9293785,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998633,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1493356312","doi":"10.1201/9781420070637","title":"Circuits at the Nanoscale","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"book","venue":"","topic":"Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Nanoscopic scale; Electronic circuit; Nanotechnology; Materials science; Engineering; Electrical engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01916902745074395,"gpt":0.2076515517424452,"spread":0.1884825242917013,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001888464,0.0003190701,0.0002937483,0.00008137486,0.0003026407,0.0001274165,0.003382556,0.0002573704,0.0003945351],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000171389,0.0002088851,0.000210644,0.0001325409,0.0001732715,0.0001738312,0.001569328,0.0003390542,0.00873437],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002576826,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005115996,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001149707,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003359636,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9978995,0.00005626957,0.0002934302,0.000679514,0.0006839428,0.0003872929],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9970808,0.0001572273,0.0001592836,0.002438395,0.00006182239,0.0001024689],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[2.086525e-7,0.00001118983,0.000001504286,0.00001372455,0.00002283243,0.0001339913,0.000149884,0.000001614406,0.00006481155,0.1395859,0.853181,0.006833357],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009578776,0.00002325346,0.00002924514,0.00002834582,0.000008831884,0.0003519462,6.812511e-7,0.002351584,0.000774143,0.005639436,0.9903681,0.0003286061],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.00003067365,0.00164814,0.02400707,0.0007679444,0.001066177,0.0002984988,0.000006469771,0.0005589888,0.971616],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0002140181,0.0001508978,0.0005427269,0.001079835,0.0001727138,0.00001178828,0.00002731635,0.00003694058,0.9977638],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1371871,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9920374,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3113300757","doi":"10.1002/dac.4702","title":"Design of quantum‐dot cellular automata‐based communication system using modular N‐bit binary to gray and gray to binary converters","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Communication Systems","topic":"Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Cancer Research Society","keywords":"Converters; Computer science; Gray code; Quantum dot cellular automaton; Binary number; Electronic engineering; Modular design; CMOS; Dissipation; Power (physics); Algorithm; Cellular automaton; Arithmetic; Mathematics; Engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05313985511986732,"gpt":0.2824824556838798,"spread":0.2293426005640124,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002172301,0.0002770198,0.0006093402,0.0006833835,0.0001679754,0.0003518524,0.005168786,0.0001078936,0.000003516114],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001723481,0.0002731223,0.0001433968,0.0006627546,0.00009992033,0.0009099291,0.0009765027,0.0003095106,0.00002916239],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003250175,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002607733,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001789667,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":9.56595e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9951066,0.001533677,0.001586073,0.0003164141,0.001228046,0.0002291878],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9946122,0.0005078884,0.001488089,0.001565904,0.001467228,0.0003586877],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003388872,0.0003054642,0.0006284285,0.0001997678,0.0004575663,0.0001159926,0.006150417,0.5575317,0.4009582,0.03151732,0.0009383142,0.0008580045],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009340519,0.0003595004,0.0003312163,0.001215501,0.00003632283,0.0001407797,0.0006693899,0.9869834,0.00793743,0.0000742749,0.001060433,0.0002577326],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1857555,0.001968869,0.8066394,0.00435923,0.0005367585,0.0005841299,0.00001378385,0.0001118281,0.0000305576],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9433432,0.00007906113,0.05603758,0.0004150727,0.00005444066,0.00001721539,0.00001604072,0.00003311645,0.000004272342],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7575877,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999721,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2400618138","doi":"","title":"Mapping a Multiple-control Toffoli Gate Cascade to an Elementary Quantum Gate Circuit.","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"","keywords":"Toffoli gate; Cascade; Quantum gate; Computer science; Logic gate; Quantum; Physics; Qubit; Algorithm; Engineering; Quantum mechanics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03131269950390951,"gpt":0.2527122429201276,"spread":0.2213995434162181,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00110737,0.0003700988,0.0003750669,0.0003139435,0.000235146,0.0002566017,0.001776894,0.0000963689,0.0001957968],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009042633,0.0003434766,0.0001363348,0.0006019013,0.00003835812,0.002050463,0.0005134822,0.0002224222,0.001411653],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001375138,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006837818,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006497498,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001052972,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9964822,0.0002440191,0.0005622311,0.0007418393,0.000574821,0.001394913],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9972439,0.0002017628,0.0001346261,0.001548143,0.00007194395,0.0007996304],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009065266,0.002114702,0.05258938,0.0002269409,0.000587214,0.0004813312,0.03327996,0.001566665,0.4489547,0.3504797,0.01343632,0.0961924],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002316787,0.0002520381,0.03081029,0.0000577032,0.00002945379,0.0001925541,0.0005623741,0.9133945,0.02054619,0.002180888,0.02835162,0.001305629],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4517299,0.0001446214,0.5442011,0.001101761,0.0008249242,0.0005571878,0.00001008318,0.0006936512,0.0007368348],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9791291,0.000004561484,0.01613886,0.004043481,0.0002958761,0.00006524885,0.00001360587,0.00004076985,0.0002684704],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9118278,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999017,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4318200141","doi":"10.3390/su15032265","title":"Novel Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata-Based Gate Designs for Efficient Reversible Computing","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Sustainability","topic":"Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"Toffoli gate; Quantum dot cellular automaton; Subtractor; Adder; Electronic circuit; Cellular automaton; Logic gate; Computer science; XOR gate; Quantum circuit; Quantum computer; Quantum gate; Electronic engineering; Quantum; Algorithm; CMOS; Physics; Electrical engineering; Quantum network; Engineering; Quantum mechanics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03623742858341725,"gpt":0.2875576191213954,"spread":0.2513201905379782,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004350229,0.0004334551,0.0005184429,0.0004350812,0.0007014591,0.0003115672,0.002032335,0.0001687717,0.0000113632],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001823811,0.0004460683,0.0003652365,0.002308962,0.0002338221,0.0002949616,0.0008834524,0.0002758779,0.0001220735],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001096965,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001467828,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001336615,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004855236,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9953752,0.0002827097,0.0007309503,0.001413093,0.0007289984,0.001469022],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9948999,0.001158721,0.0002759584,0.002319054,0.001053263,0.0002931017],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002304721,0.002582008,0.002069812,0.005314901,0.0001682089,0.0005469887,0.004344943,0.497986,0.04146843,0.4239005,0.008653744,0.01273407],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00138073,0.0001938018,0.002168175,0.0000366669,0.00002342094,0.000006479209,0.0002180857,0.9680467,0.01259373,0.01274119,0.002076787,0.0005142768],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.2723955,0.00003733392,0.7208865,0.002426763,0.0005659157,0.001542831,0.00002223441,0.002082766,0.00004016473],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9707527,6.092449e-7,0.02860741,0.0001669174,0.00006950585,0.00008704433,0.00005815435,0.00005166132,0.0002059964],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6983572,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997991,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4360897707","doi":"10.1109/mdat.2023.3261800","title":"An Energy-Aware Nanoscale Design of Reversible Atomic Silicon Based on Miller Algorithm","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Design and Test","topic":"Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"Digital electronics; Computer science; Adder; Electronic circuit; CMOS; Logic gate; Energy consumption; Overhead (engineering); Silicon; Electronic engineering; Algorithm; Electrical engineering; Materials science; Engineering; Optoelectronics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02632991104321151,"gpt":0.235923162840552,"spread":0.2095932517973405,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000548306,0.0002004025,0.0002383553,0.0002647174,0.0001223906,0.00008182587,0.0006582388,0.0001045386,0.00001428386],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003308065,0.0001906452,0.00005265604,0.0006914656,0.00007498348,0.0002636233,0.00005191619,0.00008835481,0.00007810401],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002995854,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001324121,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005015405,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001311357,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983606,0.0002451576,0.0002315782,0.0005195595,0.0003093788,0.0003337682],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9979697,0.0009552323,0.00009375982,0.0007623378,0.00006514036,0.0001537823],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001202242,0.001510102,0.001062322,0.0001953453,0.0000898914,0.0009532653,0.001135322,0.02508821,0.738483,0.004521606,0.05602842,0.1708123],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004487465,0.0004527431,0.000280251,0.00004337981,0.000007642833,0.000007849148,0.000008339865,0.8192828,0.1783019,0.000782341,0.0001937159,0.0001902744],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.00967457,0.00005662097,0.9892181,0.0001251773,0.0002785527,0.0002061486,0.00001241225,0.0003840847,0.00004439262],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.953257,0.00003599963,0.0460276,0.0003159269,0.00004123429,0.00002311098,0.00001278438,0.00002987258,0.0002564219],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9435825,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7774286,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2026303729","doi":"10.1007/s10825-009-0268-0","title":"Architecture for an external input into a molecular QCA circuit","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Computational Electronics","topic":"Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Quantum dot cellular automaton; CMOS; Computer science; Polarization (electrochemistry); Cellular automaton; Coherence (philosophical gambling strategy); Voltage; Electronic circuit; Electronic engineering; Quantum cellular automaton; Topology (electrical circuits); Physics; Optoelectronics; Electrical engineering; Chemistry; Engineering; Algorithm; Quantum mechanics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01070006362871482,"gpt":0.266175082295153,"spread":0.2554750186664381,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006340325,0.0001918066,0.0002899226,0.0002935874,0.0001347175,0.0002063527,0.001284649,0.00007657309,0.000003811191],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007582423,0.0001813635,0.0002288246,0.0003212401,0.00002932462,0.0005986026,0.00004603498,0.0004203128,0.000003551793],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001804269,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000852482,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000001227434,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002259447,"domain_scores_codex":[0.997907,0.0001102348,0.0005838326,0.000257612,0.0007494385,0.000391862],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983686,0.000150927,0.0004892754,0.0002821904,0.0005158884,0.0001931528],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000862635,0.0003461275,0.00000837328,0.00002100977,0.00008857654,0.0001088805,0.001646205,0.3290831,0.03416608,0.4899713,0.0003581254,0.1441159],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007878378,0.001828454,0.000315842,0.00002940965,0.00001859291,0.001005823,0.000006163694,0.2204187,0.003555566,0.7698858,0.001964365,0.0001834347],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1635973,0.001288952,0.833005,0.001744465,0.000148159,0.0001330681,8.725648e-7,0.00004248283,0.000039793],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7888378,0.000009354646,0.2097775,0.001183884,0.0001626247,0.000001768188,0.000005487419,0.00001314763,0.000008402365],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6252405,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7395789,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2952337500","doi":"10.1007/s10773-019-04184-7","title":"Fast Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata Adder/Subtractor Using Novel Fault Tolerant Exclusive-or Gate and Full Adder","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Theoretical Physics","topic":"Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Ministry of Electronics and Information technology","keywords":"Quantum dot cellular automaton; Subtractor; Adder; Computer science; Cellular automaton; Carry-save adder; Parallel computing; Electronic engineering; Algorithm; Engineering; Latency (audio); Telecommunications","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01864585292344299,"gpt":0.2715073830287021,"spread":0.2528615301052591,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005064149,0.0003364382,0.000490336,0.0001747441,0.00008217178,0.0004662418,0.002178901,0.0001165734,0.0002765166],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001396426,0.0002613544,0.0002573772,0.0002210392,0.0003315453,0.001201946,0.0008183933,0.00053363,0.00008222726],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001058105,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002259069,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000004665195,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.484222e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9968343,0.0001246305,0.0008265814,0.000441891,0.001361519,0.0004111115],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9975184,0.0004451186,0.0006607865,0.0005431856,0.000570624,0.0002618682],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002654821,0.0004200361,0.00005038626,0.00002771833,0.0002538204,0.0002529391,0.0005217124,0.002239475,0.1930788,0.798996,0.00007184166,0.003821812],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001946843,0.0003494839,0.0001735455,0.0002883116,0.00005777283,0.001083294,0.00009688591,0.8792875,0.01722953,0.098588,0.0004804433,0.0004184051],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4871984,0.00008695241,0.5092233,0.001040803,0.001892704,0.0001454654,0.00002867428,0.00005309826,0.0003306381],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9758516,0.00002252201,0.02298712,0.0004223247,0.0006228412,0.000001240492,0.00000678671,0.00003961886,0.00004595573],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.877048,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999838,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3120019238","doi":"10.1109/tnano.2020.3048729","title":"Low-Energy Eigenspectrum Decomposition (LEED) of Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata Networks","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Nanotechnology","topic":"Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Quantum dot cellular automaton; Quantum cellular automaton; Cellular automaton; Computer science; Quantum dot; Hamiltonian (control theory); Topology (electrical circuits); Quantum; Physics; Algorithm; Mathematics; Quantum mechanics; Mathematical optimization","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008105511227882615,"gpt":0.220137390175141,"spread":0.2120318789472584,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002280581,0.0003792667,0.0005533912,0.0006070508,0.0002898128,0.00007266509,0.001418515,0.0006240931,0.00007994114],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001032813,0.0004241886,0.0002992791,0.001802928,0.0002462355,0.000352863,0.00003274919,0.0006017574,0.00008489941],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001397421,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002124746,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006876255,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007777476,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9970188,0.0002103208,0.0007126956,0.0009505723,0.0004193496,0.0006883283],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9970753,0.0001784654,0.0002570371,0.00218381,0.0001832899,0.0001220827],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004353851,0.00126803,0.000002038998,0.00005622474,0.0001997294,0.0005637705,0.00009311556,0.03782536,0.5954903,0.3198311,0.0001353888,0.04449135],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004378153,0.0001932331,0.000004990316,0.00004157966,0.00002906741,0.0001808577,0.00001438043,0.3997701,0.5932882,0.005510591,0.0002860781,0.0002430833],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.04357545,0.0003966959,0.9511349,0.001580215,0.001705565,0.0001456095,0.00001569121,0.001345638,0.0001002385],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9898542,0.0003014937,0.009353825,0.0002161313,0.00003124547,0.00004123231,0.00001522833,0.00004731875,0.0001392868],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9462788,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999821,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W654531811","doi":"10.1201/9781420038293","title":"Logic Design of NanoICS","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"book","venue":"","topic":"Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Programming language; Mathematics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03232642919741299,"gpt":0.229710509718338,"spread":0.197384080520925,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004380519,0.0002647242,0.0003983459,0.0001695288,0.00003571442,0.00006918392,0.002776623,0.0004832053,0.0002525161],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004388433,0.0002221739,0.0001283183,0.0001092038,0.000110441,0.0001592479,0.000638985,0.0004555152,0.0007178191],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004295861,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007861339,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000005700937,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003372695,"domain_scores_codex":[0.99838,0.00005728792,0.0003677174,0.0004852474,0.0004554558,0.0002543046],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9975829,0.000210755,0.0002840948,0.001713846,0.0001271718,0.00008123888],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000112228,0.00003016457,4.164276e-7,0.00006217543,0.00002425088,0.00005160937,0.00005138109,0.00002396003,0.001806972,0.9085701,0.08564607,0.003731836],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000325061,0.0002941295,0.00000847161,0.0001359676,0.00004440808,0.0001059151,0.000001441487,0.1192902,0.01465364,0.553996,0.3101383,0.001006465],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.000001162176,0.000186884,0.6956173,0.0000711588,0.0006085569,0.0001961894,0.000002132966,0.0002326368,0.303084],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0001212988,0.00002485926,0.2547917,0.0002077484,0.00007166713,0.000004418772,0.000009778424,0.00002620635,0.7447423],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4416583,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9226351,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2103879953","doi":"10.1109/tnano.2004.828527","title":"Split Current Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata—Modeling and Simulation","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Nanotechnology","topic":"Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Quantum dot; Quantum tunnelling; Quantum dot cellular automaton; Cellular automaton; Fabrication; Quantum cellular automaton; Nanoelectronics; Diagonal; Optoelectronics; Quantum; Physics; Nanotechnology; Materials science; Computer science; Quantum mechanics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0225532951395184,"gpt":0.2597403973818829,"spread":0.2371871022423645,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002460967,0.0003203612,0.0003170329,0.0006467224,0.0003573273,0.0001065208,0.0008198209,0.0003360193,0.00001082989],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001415326,0.0003365352,0.0001143362,0.0007580098,0.0001486233,0.0005142894,0.00001820251,0.0006297928,0.0002073897],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001682719,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000115622,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005045564,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001822651,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9977944,0.00005993243,0.0004630502,0.0008239007,0.0003418092,0.0005168919],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984461,0.00008742853,0.0001108404,0.00116264,0.00007867916,0.0001142886],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001588225,0.0003352058,0.000001122113,0.00004263555,0.00002969068,0.00004047429,0.0002467845,0.8163316,0.02382685,0.04479702,0.000002684938,0.1143301],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009012682,0.0001865218,0.000002955505,0.00005930037,0.00002426577,0.00005044922,0.00001417054,0.8852202,0.0928728,0.01987785,0.0004679909,0.0003222523],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.2504863,0.0003149793,0.7455851,0.001032054,0.0008593271,0.000262295,0.000005277698,0.001443915,0.0000107043],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9893574,0.0001436832,0.01032093,0.00006958277,0.00002186345,0.0000380549,0.000002542714,0.00003266129,0.00001329463],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7388711,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999087,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3005091253","doi":"10.1063/1.5135308","title":"Limits of adiabatic clocking in quantum-dot cellular automata","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Physics","topic":"Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Quantum cellular automaton; Adiabatic process; Limit (mathematics); Quantum; Quantum tunnelling; Quantum dot cellular automaton; Dissipative system; Quantum dot; Physics; Cellular automaton; Computer science; Bandwidth (computing); Limiting; Quantum mechanics; Statistical physics; Mathematics; Algorithm; Telecommunications; Engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03053079045349131,"gpt":0.2391438192231366,"spread":0.2086130287696453,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004872519,0.0002258112,0.0006236437,0.0001300969,0.00004089438,0.00007759621,0.001660176,0.00007423165,0.000006537012],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000048708,0.0002160768,0.0001833796,0.0009838471,0.00005844232,0.0004668293,0.0002574048,0.0004853258,0.00003859375],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005669907,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002426245,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000003846087,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":5.407676e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9976223,0.0000632923,0.0009623926,0.000282257,0.0007360218,0.0003337045],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980004,0.0001780056,0.0009761378,0.0005183145,0.0001263646,0.0002007247],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001275145,0.0007336724,0.0004012329,0.0004882014,0.0001820184,0.000402073,0.009861893,0.07037769,0.6812792,0.2123711,0.001266096,0.02250931],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001268889,0.0002527636,0.0004222105,0.0001333468,0.00003612521,0.00001724827,0.0001207571,0.7550289,0.2246528,0.01723838,0.0005409403,0.0002876962],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.864386,0.0002238039,0.1331486,0.0005111099,0.0003354218,0.0002293836,0.000003201651,0.00007814627,0.001084371],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.988515,0.00002788683,0.01089239,0.0002964467,0.0002362023,0.000001992411,0.000001601498,0.00002649888,0.000001945311],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6846512,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8811355,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4205532463","doi":"10.1007/978-981-16-6022-1_1","title":"Importance of Nanotechnology, Various Applications in Electronic Field","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Materials horizons","topic":"Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Nanoelectronics; Nanotechnology; Variety (cybernetics); Nanowire; Carbon nanotube; Field (mathematics); Materials science; Engineering; Computer science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008289694793522926,"gpt":0.2189118958082984,"spread":0.2106222010147754,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003763954,0.0003250557,0.0006210431,0.0003793749,0.00008971643,0.00005013726,0.002090509,0.0003413243,0.00100195],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002522177,0.0003593052,0.00009991288,0.0001698863,0.00008012894,0.0001258506,0.0009852643,0.0004472955,0.00006972565],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001926156,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002978346,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001135126,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001512635,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9978235,0.00004233027,0.0007135468,0.0006937633,0.0002858583,0.0004410342],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9975167,0.0001164455,0.0005019851,0.001788399,0.00003622093,0.00004023653],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004245091,0.00003284822,0.000005107479,0.00004216909,0.00002858865,0.00002482225,0.00003548109,0.00000470859,0.01084912,0.9873908,0.0003033313,0.001278789],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003634865,0.0007272273,0.0000414369,0.0001073964,0.00007062174,0.0001034917,0.000008382739,0.000126087,0.1070994,0.5577848,0.3324039,0.001163747],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1622704,0.01821965,0.353229,0.01228331,0.01084917,0.01832513,0.002727876,0.008192183,0.4139034],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9583873,0.0009839304,0.004222882,0.0002836029,0.0001991962,0.0009412607,0.00044298,0.0002233885,0.03431546],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7961169,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999112,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3034086710","doi":"10.1007/s40089-020-00304-y","title":"5-Input majority gate based optimized full adder circuit in nanoscale coplanar quantum-dot cellular automata","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International nano letters.","topic":"Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"Quantum dot cellular automaton; Adder; Cellular automaton; Quantum dot; Nanochemistry; Materials science; Nanoscopic scale; Optoelectronics; Logic gate; Electronic circuit; Computer science; Nanotechnology; Electronic engineering; Physics; Quantum mechanics; Algorithm; Engineering; CMOS","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02097117876386767,"gpt":0.2261387315863439,"spread":0.2051675528224762,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005282207,0.0004471257,0.0005013543,0.0003789417,0.000111206,0.0004126597,0.00352563,0.0001603903,0.0004505334],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001873584,0.0004810506,0.000249991,0.0007031159,0.00012107,0.0009038682,0.0006134823,0.000441873,0.001028072],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00023536,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001769605,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001335323,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001204133,"domain_scores_codex":[0.995831,0.0002732724,0.0008317481,0.001177418,0.001221252,0.0006653522],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980441,0.0002493251,0.0003087823,0.0009705331,0.0001356889,0.0002915197],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002620031,0.0006019595,0.001358781,0.0001292608,0.0002147134,0.003524055,0.001100321,0.01018403,0.9136964,0.02278272,0.04418229,0.00196346],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004059984,0.0001090758,0.000684947,0.00009976745,0.00001837778,0.00005308862,0.00001385264,0.9229283,0.05043215,0.0006342734,0.02022569,0.0007404813],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.2558688,0.0001769856,0.6417503,0.09683317,0.0026309,0.0006514869,0.0001121138,0.001028669,0.0009475083],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9686351,0.00001006075,0.01311174,0.01760297,0.0002997693,0.0000468686,0.0001680787,0.00005227808,0.00007310166],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9127443,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997641,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4393261297","doi":"10.18280/mmep.110315","title":"Reversible Logic Gates and Applications – A Low Power Solution to VLSI Chips","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Mathematical Modelling and Engineering Problems","topic":"Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Very-large-scale integration; Logic gate; Power (physics); Pass transistor logic; Computer science; Ultra low power; Electronic engineering; Arithmetic; Electrical engineering; Materials science; Embedded system; Engineering; Electronic circuit; Mathematics; Digital electronics; Physics; Power consumption; Algorithm","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01902644789538944,"gpt":0.2112236349463576,"spread":0.1921971870509681,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002842187,0.0001403521,0.00014772,0.0001198447,0.00007130016,0.0002890619,0.0001876219,0.00005706219,0.000003799448],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001400788,0.000123832,0.00002882256,0.0002659892,0.0000185654,0.0001887,0.0001485204,0.0001348139,0.00008130557],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001925406,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001039865,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000002518028,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":7.48916e-8,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990753,0.000007721893,0.0001878489,0.0003506955,0.000130482,0.0002479655],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999473,0.0001004288,0.00001272022,0.0002593534,0.00001837197,0.0001361636],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[5.227894e-7,0.00003189464,5.328595e-7,0.001250861,0.00001837116,0.000005002699,0.001207871,0.2941947,0.002695861,0.6993437,0.0000690439,0.001181612],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003601681,0.00002446214,0.000001012403,0.0003363521,0.000007479037,0.00003683422,0.000004909105,0.907932,0.0002537723,0.09005807,0.001162979,0.0001461523],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.004335616,0.00125261,0.992528,0.0008033889,0.00005561385,0.0002692796,0.000001249399,0.0005676587,0.0001866504],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7683678,0.00005586765,0.2312451,0.00004169985,0.00002798633,0.00009538994,0.000001704738,0.00002217713,0.0001423083],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7640321,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5049723,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4200328023","doi":"10.3390/app112412157","title":"Design and Implementation of New Coplanar FA Circuits without NOT Gate and Based on Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata Technology","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Sciences","topic":"Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"Quantum dot cellular automaton; XOR gate; CMOS; Computer science; Electronic engineering; Electronic circuit; Inverter; Logic gate; Adder; Miniaturization; Engineering; Electrical engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03117732827445999,"gpt":0.2745592747732121,"spread":0.2433819464987521,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009084982,0.0001968688,0.000285147,0.0003131961,0.0002682886,0.000204223,0.0007760827,0.0000807349,0.00001824982],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002991375,0.0001817884,0.00002178373,0.001128024,0.0004287471,0.000251492,0.0002652674,0.0001112272,0.00001398149],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002039789,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004959354,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004040695,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001329642,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9978577,0.00008112008,0.000330675,0.0008119671,0.0005432347,0.0003752896],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988502,0.0001982698,0.0002063798,0.0005723966,0.0000510169,0.0001217143],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001000654,0.00007108386,0.001377151,0.00006654807,0.00001959054,0.00005239155,0.0008938138,0.000889503,0.6926758,0.2506495,0.0002190694,0.05307553],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008758963,0.0002548579,0.001300424,0.00003301424,0.00001602557,0.0000315941,0.000404114,0.3119615,0.6742953,0.01040623,0.0001610133,0.0002600144],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.5055562,0.0002038476,0.4915258,0.001746447,0.0001155888,0.0003925039,0.000003878206,0.0002089295,0.0002467615],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9541597,0.00001933608,0.04546924,0.0002968253,0.00001101031,0.00001551859,0.000004039617,0.000008811567,0.0000155302],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4486035,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7413114,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W369299108","doi":"10.1007/978-1-4614-5016-0","title":"Nanoscale Applications for Information and Energy Systems","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"book","venue":"Nanostructure science and technology","topic":"Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Institute for Microstructural Sciences","funders":"","keywords":"Nanoscopic scale; Nanotechnology; Computer science; Materials science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.004178865251568568,"gpt":0.1981704838572745,"spread":0.1939916186057059,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003734418,0.0002564482,0.0003086506,0.001087334,0.0004864038,0.0003454805,0.001508325,0.0006505561,0.000001141637],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007880428,0.0002236102,0.00002476608,0.0008857833,0.001180024,0.001222209,0.0007347877,0.0002207738,0.000008289123],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001153008,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000729599,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000007268593,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003455353,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982479,0.000008595679,0.0003231795,0.0005356207,0.0004150954,0.0004696398],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998181,0.00005142049,0.0003092434,0.0008631769,0.0004682461,0.000126843],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[5.694951e-7,0.000002488389,0.00000685519,0.00007719216,0.000005385194,3.772229e-7,0.00004196594,2.388178e-7,0.0009794309,0.8783393,0.002204851,0.1183414],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001517262,0.00006393834,0.00001443996,0.0000302846,0.00001760401,0.0002453081,0.00001738459,0.003084006,0.001596855,0.07350744,0.9209887,0.0002822569],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.000436214,0.03228341,0.8703262,0.00493443,0.005824211,0.004382427,0.0003289703,0.003064308,0.07841986],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6344536,0.00310721,0.1166803,0.003032975,0.001805775,0.004648095,0.0006902277,0.0002464425,0.2353354],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9187839,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9118559,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4289928533","doi":"10.3390/app12157846","title":"Novel Reversible Comparator Design in Quantum Dot-Cellular Automata with Power Dissipation Analysis","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Sciences","topic":"Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"Comparator; Quantum dot cellular automaton; Computer science; Reversible computing; Dissipation; Energy consumption; Electronic circuit; Electronic engineering; Very-large-scale integration; Logic gate; Power analysis; Digital electronics; Quantum; Algorithm; Quantum computer; Electrical engineering; Embedded system; Engineering; Physics; Cryptography; Voltage","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0313778623767956,"gpt":0.2478175107802296,"spread":0.216439648403434,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00248456,0.0002314589,0.0003667469,0.0008482464,0.0007867503,0.0003380526,0.002490104,0.00003761156,0.0001182015],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001605285,0.0002009945,0.00007354467,0.008209106,0.0002723221,0.0006259373,0.0006812259,0.0002353661,0.00004943573],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000143365,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003317775,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001347167,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003962009,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9965483,0.000179572,0.0003903048,0.001011272,0.001318956,0.0005515816],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985839,0.0002024895,0.0002524507,0.0008043571,0.00003313438,0.0001236451],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009551367,0.001231602,0.00658888,0.00002296572,0.0002310461,0.0001227047,0.005462774,0.3433992,0.1799185,0.4604524,0.001663243,0.0008111531],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006523969,0.0002431341,0.003929971,0.000006042631,0.00005059997,0.00001547209,0.0007520136,0.984283,0.007667175,0.001540711,0.0004259615,0.0004335533],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3016093,0.00006962072,0.6957673,0.0004090497,0.0001497594,0.0004053217,0.000006338704,0.0002337728,0.001349506],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9553591,0.000001141683,0.0442839,0.0001723331,0.00000796514,0.000102567,0.00001135188,0.000009474275,0.00005214265],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6537498,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8196316,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4229004562","doi":"10.14447/jnmes.v25i1.a09","title":"Towards the Design and Analysis of Multiplexer/Demultiplexer Using Quantum Dot Cellular Automata for Nano Systems","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of New Materials for Electrochemical Systems","topic":"Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Demultiplexer; Multiplexer; Quantum dot cellular automaton; Multiplexing; Computer science; Energy (signal processing); Electronic engineering; Coherence (philosophical gambling strategy); Quantum dot; Physics; Topology (electrical circuits); Cellular automaton; Algorithm; Optoelectronics; Electrical engineering; Telecommunications; Quantum mechanics; Engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04671548995089876,"gpt":0.2708634162529022,"spread":0.2241479263020035,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004767355,0.0003334172,0.001393051,0.000433312,0.0003299768,0.0004088303,0.001785788,0.0001262548,0.000007287912],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003363729,0.0002426895,0.0004348494,0.0008553052,0.00006211291,0.0003255627,0.0003485667,0.0001726332,3.825415e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003444377,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004603846,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00019839,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":5.864574e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.99555,0.0005920377,0.001789751,0.000445027,0.001024507,0.0005986656],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.995864,0.0007535909,0.00202377,0.0006742399,0.0004895981,0.0001948491],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003122358,0.00008201176,0.000009519616,0.0002589178,0.0009444918,0.000005973044,0.0003331965,0.008409591,0.9848302,0.003999489,0.0007685632,0.00004578942],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001045613,0.000432351,0.000008058727,0.00005558452,0.0006503352,0.0002369426,0.00009322163,0.5377046,0.4579262,0.0003768433,0.001266836,0.0002034872],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4232396,0.001708855,0.5726231,0.0001205578,0.001117551,0.001093261,0.00005810524,0.00003797455,9.35626e-7],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9892112,0.00002011123,0.01022828,0.00002527651,0.0003129556,0.0001010436,0.00002138993,0.00004419423,0.00003555616],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5659716,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9896592,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4315647659","doi":"10.3390/electronics12020367","title":"Design of Cost-Efficient SRAM Cell in Quantum Dot Cellular Automata Technology","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Electronics","topic":"Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"Static random-access memory; Quantum dot cellular automaton; Computer science; CMOS; Latency (audio); Cellular automaton; Electronic engineering; Engineering; Computer hardware; Algorithm; Telecommunications","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01865815786811596,"gpt":0.2449894923519439,"spread":0.226331334483828,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00120984,0.0002688362,0.0003957034,0.0009527928,0.00008470272,0.00005717375,0.002268728,0.0002269884,0.00001129236],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008146953,0.0002825824,0.00007750962,0.004006153,0.0001065717,0.0001434856,0.0006556236,0.0004883599,0.0004620099],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002377703,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005253207,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008965258,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000007151657,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9969099,0.0001819886,0.0005621189,0.0006952544,0.0005060001,0.001144746],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9978822,0.0001909556,0.0002172314,0.001544103,0.00008318284,0.00008228153],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003216361,0.0009243474,0.0001700295,0.0001595133,0.00004292364,0.0004861404,0.0010375,0.1703128,0.5711278,0.2357994,0.002364018,0.01754327],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000500735,0.0002475797,0.00004411676,0.00002061579,0.000005918509,0.00001291248,0.000026377,0.7605134,0.2291269,0.005635402,0.003636649,0.0002293881],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4340895,0.005230362,0.555331,0.001277842,0.0005036955,0.001279632,0.000004711196,0.00202135,0.0002619411],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9931875,0.0002746741,0.006179478,0.00004091919,0.00001460289,0.00008078796,0.00001335468,0.00004148459,0.0001671881],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5902005,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999626,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2559229078","doi":"10.1109/iceeot.2016.7755129","title":"Analysis of various approaches used for the implementation of QCA based full adder circuit","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Adder; Quantum dot cellular automaton; Computer science; Cellular automaton; Electronic engineering; Logic gate; Computer architecture; CMOS; Engineering; Algorithm","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.06034246485753961,"gpt":0.2782122014105764,"spread":0.2178697365530368,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005571483,0.00008652968,0.0002053269,0.0001978574,0.00004170057,0.00002538586,0.0007433929,0.00002870792,0.0002538775],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002334682,0.00004640271,0.0001921223,0.0006744045,0.00004991774,0.0001752208,0.00007990861,0.00001777287,0.000003661781],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001975874,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008863366,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001529001,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003412252,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998939,0.00005937056,0.0003236649,0.0002457266,0.0002691371,0.0001630855],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982916,0.0005963641,0.0002148157,0.0007803168,0.00008907619,0.00002789002],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003950168,0.0004905164,0.02046043,0.0001602768,0.004566938,0.000002246088,0.005305945,0.001365215,0.2145278,0.4418646,0.001481484,0.309735],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001134135,0.0001576867,0.01811521,0.000006568241,0.0006169549,6.494472e-7,0.0002279626,0.8169619,0.1607108,0.001639987,0.0002671147,0.0001610333],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.05450623,0.00002121923,0.9443547,0.0006128281,0.00004249622,0.000288549,0.00002653254,0.00004134726,0.0001061627],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9907706,7.510592e-7,0.009067415,0.00004260724,0.000007246393,0.00003454424,0.000009327137,0.00000576107,0.00006176552],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9362643,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2779781,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2130725081","doi":"10.1109/te.2010.2043845","title":"Electronics From the Bottom Up: Strategies for Teaching Nanoelectronics at the Undergraduate Level","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Education","topic":"Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Sophistication; Curriculum; Computer science; Electronics; Field (mathematics); Relevance (law); Nanoelectronics; Visualization; Subject (documents); Engineering ethics; Electrical engineering; Engineering physics; Engineering; Nanotechnology; Artificial intelligence; Mathematics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01869489438639751,"gpt":0.2750223432837371,"spread":0.2563274488973396,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005130541,0.0002001704,0.0001152175,0.00005869987,0.001306574,0.0004046802,0.001139837,0.0001012422,0.00002003884],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000170497,0.0001357944,0.0001343822,0.0002226516,0.00009813081,0.0005702,0.000005176919,0.0009091716,0.00006861197],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002329589,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001513551,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003873164,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004898744,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985202,0.0001456515,0.00023737,0.0004183232,0.000278003,0.0004004395],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9979397,0.0006556388,0.0001273678,0.001132027,0.00008907248,0.00005617465],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005220631,0.0007604721,0.000009791063,0.00001803072,0.0001953763,3.456466e-7,0.008580051,0.00295704,0.1564156,0.5373704,0.01423754,0.2794032],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001148686,0.0004441112,0.000511001,0.00005686719,0.0002575323,0.00008352652,0.002694089,0.2779354,0.2688503,0.3207611,0.1261875,0.001069918],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1570669,0.00017698,0.8237464,0.01455902,0.003686952,0.0004509412,0.00001859247,0.0001568147,0.0001374235],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.990694,0.00004420446,0.00632732,0.0006587727,0.0001557101,0.0002030223,0.00002209078,0.00002742693,0.001867395],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8336272,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999936,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2114620368","doi":"10.1007/s10825-009-0300-4","title":"Analysis of field-driven clocking for molecular quantum-dot cellular automata based circuits","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Computational Electronics","topic":"Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of British Columbia","keywords":"Quantum dot cellular automaton; Cellular automaton; Electronic circuit; Computation; Computer science; Quantum cellular automaton; Quantum computer; Quantum dot; Quantum; Field (mathematics); Topology (electrical circuits); Electronic engineering; Biological system; Physics; Algorithm; Optoelectronics; Mathematics; Quantum mechanics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01165586695291011,"gpt":0.2644437930416633,"spread":0.2527879260887532,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008643589,0.0002217044,0.0006504679,0.0009388619,0.0001009254,0.0001124876,0.00132102,0.000105772,0.000009614607],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001932668,0.0002237007,0.0006781882,0.001495951,0.0000270464,0.0003917054,0.00005196804,0.0002997098,0.000001803214],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001601896,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009261912,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000001989483,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000139162,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9970989,0.0001406373,0.001047958,0.0003025408,0.0009848815,0.0004250545],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9967036,0.0006920453,0.00113493,0.0004383409,0.0008969039,0.0001341712],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000325569,0.0002658057,0.00007242593,0.00002647582,0.000681133,0.00005466867,0.0001090521,0.838279,0.02373015,0.1276156,0.0001829554,0.008950202],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009214249,0.001078886,0.0008216407,0.00003932048,0.0004207903,0.00003571958,0.000004259604,0.9335777,0.02375858,0.03873382,0.0004018739,0.0002059489],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1757042,0.0007806531,0.8216922,0.001461049,0.0001399651,0.0001433152,0.000005347606,0.00004204377,0.00003121619],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9457985,0.00001239966,0.05344115,0.0006520906,0.00004977906,0.000001788932,0.00002687119,0.00001360324,0.000003811629],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7700943,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9122248,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3194817223","doi":"10.1002/jnm.2946","title":"QCA based cost efficient coplanar 1 × 4 <scp>RAM</scp> design with set/reset ability","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Numerical Modelling Electronic Networks Devices and Fields","topic":"Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"Reset (finance); Quantum dot cellular automaton; Computer science; Cellular automaton; Dissipation; Set (abstract data type); Memory cell; Computer hardware; Parallel computing; Algorithm; Engineering; Electrical engineering; Transistor; Physics; Voltage","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01985550205302935,"gpt":0.2470904925059172,"spread":0.2272349904528879,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006478959,0.0001893621,0.0002952514,0.00009112452,0.0000922651,0.0003084044,0.0008718264,0.0001177765,0.000013954],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004951098,0.0001530237,0.0001135038,0.0002902413,0.00004952527,0.0002267473,0.0001176745,0.0006952682,0.000002368603],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001244201,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004118429,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001774939,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000009279794,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979095,0.0001853742,0.0004674803,0.0003463603,0.0006488923,0.0004424011],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.997803,0.0009038349,0.0003395817,0.0002668872,0.000513713,0.0001729395],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003254681,0.0001079252,0.000303714,0.000007579347,0.0001228687,0.0001807049,0.000091674,0.9934301,0.00000447371,0.002971135,0.0002855971,0.0024617],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005518825,0.0003160288,0.00008712336,0.00008620945,0.00002722311,0.0004322394,0.00001833857,0.9934787,0.0000985561,0.001581978,0.00323008,0.00009167343],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.01005621,0.002350498,0.9857306,0.001342532,0.0003385363,0.00009434305,0.000001855823,0.00003167797,0.00005369345],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9764896,0.0002076539,0.02224735,0.0008387623,0.000177267,0.000004006634,0.000007368374,0.00001313439,0.00001483102],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9664334,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6240125,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4400142750","doi":"10.1016/j.nancom.2024.100525","title":"Quad-functioning parity layout for nanocomputing: A QCA design","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nano Communication Networks","topic":"Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"Parity (physics); Computer science; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03751772191470136,"gpt":0.2782281770635933,"spread":0.2407104551488919,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001960538,0.0002143158,0.0002254208,0.000138775,0.0005951484,0.0008484341,0.002216132,0.0001801546,0.00001411793],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007959421,0.000218159,0.0001526982,0.0007896266,0.00007257999,0.0006053162,0.0007097174,0.0003942905,0.00005594756],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001196591,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001469453,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002446423,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000009822993,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979039,0.000461988,0.0004555935,0.0005138241,0.0002405306,0.0004241422],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9960453,0.001454297,0.0001381509,0.002112934,0.0001525131,0.00009681891],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002131073,0.0001209544,0.00009648122,0.00007664198,0.0001113971,0.000005677903,0.001231335,0.1033218,0.0004380179,0.7762623,0.02574492,0.0925692],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002087599,0.00005574656,0.0001015928,0.0001188272,0.00001983856,0.00002025545,0.00001348082,0.9475337,0.0003220154,0.008818475,0.04255023,0.0002370318],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.0004710222,0.006391385,0.9869032,0.002666974,0.0009334654,0.0006036495,0.000001333138,0.001327142,0.0007018276],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.826046,0.00007698931,0.1730067,0.0002642253,0.0001128434,0.0001349915,0.00004027707,0.00003212174,0.0002857598],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8442119,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8896265,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1997590796","doi":"10.1088/0957-4484/16/11/011","title":"Impurity charging in semiconductor quantum-dot cellular automata","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nanotechnology","topic":"Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Semiconductor; Impurity; Cellular automaton; Quantum dot; Materials science; Quantum cellular automaton; Correctness; Quantum dot cellular automaton; Optoelectronics; Condensed matter physics; Quantum mechanics; Physics; Computer science; Algorithm","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01404976858139093,"gpt":0.2381608345068123,"spread":0.2241110659254214,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007117872,0.0003546977,0.0004900176,0.0008193586,0.0001300926,0.00009958189,0.003077801,0.0005847111,0.0000706165],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001790505,0.0003739889,0.0001091112,0.001278963,0.0001878077,0.0007971744,0.001163713,0.0008105714,0.0009926662],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002721685,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001569546,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009595203,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00008427621,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9968385,0.0001310744,0.0006324353,0.001029623,0.000371401,0.0009970064],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9973958,0.0001028269,0.0002032821,0.002131333,0.00005592343,0.0001108923],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006166294,0.0002706975,0.0005169304,0.00003419714,0.00001937506,0.0003198639,0.0004812369,0.00006113936,0.6589133,0.2914857,0.0006550411,0.0472363],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001261052,0.0001125776,0.0002630652,0.00005360778,0.000007016483,0.0002452768,0.00004424723,0.3680275,0.5767616,0.0139548,0.03859632,0.0006728907],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9553813,0.00109558,0.03157762,0.008349188,0.0006050934,0.0003381893,0.000004860625,0.002453577,0.00019463],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9836624,0.00006304563,0.01560717,0.0003814081,0.00008931872,0.00003631514,0.000007825679,0.00003594634,0.0001166289],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3679664,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998712,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4392729274","doi":"10.1109/jiot.2024.3365665","title":"Open RAN Slicing for MVNOs With Deep Reinforcement Learning","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","topic":"Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Computer science; Reinforcement learning; Slicing; Ran; Artificial intelligence; Computer network; World Wide Web","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02106020825641431,"gpt":0.2765113342198586,"spread":0.2554511259634443,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["scholarly_communication"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001422346,0.0001749904,0.0002695394,0.0002205363,0.0001141851,0.001687285,0.002589809,0.00005011302,0.00006047624],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008188188,0.0001330742,0.0001347331,0.0001924987,0.00004058062,0.002078023,0.000456775,0.0005440285,0.000024475],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001096096,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001350592,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008907278,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004423127,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983398,0.00005968283,0.0005156483,0.0003134435,0.0004376182,0.0003338096],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989473,0.0001898142,0.0003079897,0.000284581,0.0001500432,0.0001202531],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00115491,0.000365327,0.0007972792,0.002091175,0.003080469,0.002803851,0.209451,0.1668852,0.08795346,0.1714802,0.04780871,0.3061284],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006384777,0.0007062916,0.000008133249,0.0009441338,0.00003355159,0.001024397,0.000154075,0.9572259,0.0304413,0.00162849,0.006996386,0.000198816],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.03130523,0.0002526575,0.9645703,0.0005663495,0.001405778,0.0002618356,1.041362e-7,0.0001081129,0.001529597],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9583378,0.00001102714,0.0381509,0.0002401031,0.00012714,0.00001004841,0.00000101968,0.00002705332,0.0030949],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9270326,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9993491,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2963656549","doi":"10.1109/isit.2018.8437799","title":"Sufficient Conditions for the Tightness of Shannon's Capacity Bounds for Two-Way Channels","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Point (geometry); Channel capacity; Property (philosophy); Symmetry (geometry); Mathematics; Computer science; Topology (electrical circuits); Mathematical optimization; Combinatorics; Channel (broadcasting); Telecommunications","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04359131662516048,"gpt":0.295556894408808,"spread":0.2519655777836475,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006691137,0.0001386019,0.000184362,0.00008297776,0.000448656,0.0001447258,0.001264423,0.00004752748,0.00006608835],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008222212,0.00009285688,0.0001423627,0.0003124583,0.000355492,0.0002591469,0.000191416,0.000051238,0.0000348285],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003008458,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007321301,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006528081,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007177066,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987404,0.00003425134,0.0002702821,0.0003549567,0.0002344622,0.00036564],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9979807,0.0005195146,0.0001306556,0.0008629199,0.0004392424,0.00006703662],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009058398,0.0001589591,0.0000103866,0.00004255381,0.00004501658,4.368673e-7,0.001704033,0.0001166616,0.01020345,0.9778494,0.009249062,0.0006110038],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006596466,0.0003358648,0.0001714126,0.00001619217,0.00002328723,0.000009850742,0.00008648359,0.7910276,0.1710832,0.01789751,0.01850289,0.000186121],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.09807272,0.00002992978,0.897273,0.001332108,0.001388851,0.0008371597,0.00007782262,0.0001344829,0.0008538904],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9862741,6.102562e-7,0.01197715,0.0002824641,0.0002172154,0.0002006486,0.00001331225,0.00001253107,0.001021955],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9599519,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3786594,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2954761926","doi":"10.1007/s40089-019-0279-1","title":"Designing majority gate-based nanoscale two-dimensional two-dot one-electron parity generator and checker for nano-communication","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International nano letters.","topic":"Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"Quantum dot cellular automaton; Computer science; CMOS; Electronic circuit; Parity (physics); Parity bit; Logic gate; Computer engineering; Electronic engineering; Computer architecture; Computer hardware; Electrical engineering; Algorithm; Physics; Engineering; Quantum mechanics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0156947735118889,"gpt":0.254870043907647,"spread":0.2391752703957581,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007441858,0.0002652086,0.0002657235,0.0001948403,0.0002064884,0.0003213009,0.001323063,0.00008576796,0.00005869611],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000542271,0.0002823313,0.0001275812,0.0001836882,0.00008560595,0.0007313765,0.0003914274,0.0002153455,0.0000859273],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002210626,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001292643,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009028387,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002567161,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9976295,0.0001848717,0.000424828,0.0007089967,0.0006307216,0.0004210973],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983454,0.0002555027,0.0002454323,0.0008085553,0.0002376491,0.0001075128],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005422037,0.0001326609,0.002186432,0.00002190589,0.00006962331,0.000004740386,0.00007633553,0.001172542,0.9606754,0.03398563,0.001331181,0.0002893837],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00288937,0.00008943993,0.001684651,0.00006563477,0.00002132112,0.00002611218,0.000002775962,0.2840379,0.7057301,0.002042005,0.002952946,0.0004576992],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8791566,0.0001648098,0.10727,0.01177744,0.0007780325,0.0005423592,0.00002139783,0.000181145,0.0001081921],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8795488,0.000002346942,0.1156544,0.004296379,0.0001265591,0.00007087619,0.0001293503,0.00002764256,0.0001436155],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2828654,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999629,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4303685270","doi":"10.3390/electronics11193237","title":"QCA-Based PIPO and SIPO Shift Registers Using Cost-Optimized and Energy-Efficient D Flip Flop","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Electronics","topic":"Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"Flip-flop; Electronic circuit; CMOS; Quantum dot cellular automaton; Computer science; Electronic engineering; Dissipation; Digital electronics; Sequential logic; Shift register; Engineering; Electrical engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01502861592322995,"gpt":0.2269140695120643,"spread":0.2118854535888343,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006244153,0.000225878,0.0002548766,0.0001708512,0.0004433678,0.0002177557,0.0006524796,0.00004932577,0.0000144747],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002913594,0.000247213,0.0000598078,0.0004978951,0.00008899216,0.000135893,0.0006297129,0.0003115395,0.000001482474],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003343863,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004161382,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003665587,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001933399,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9977376,0.0002440045,0.0002616548,0.0006493907,0.0004590138,0.0006482659],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988344,0.0001355847,0.0001474281,0.0007090462,0.00003037795,0.0001432037],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000408562,0.0008280748,0.0002720395,0.0001312444,0.0002355719,0.0004905364,0.003609649,0.593385,0.0267231,0.2851698,0.002262993,0.08648335],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001075004,0.0001832705,0.00003825515,0.000008345522,0.00002066025,0.00007363476,0.00001903937,0.9534343,0.002363308,0.0005327223,0.04195717,0.0002943167],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3580938,0.01256113,0.6262816,0.001595676,0.0004283542,0.0003045261,0.000007536185,0.000539799,0.0001875853],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9824564,0.00008435385,0.01623868,0.0009611789,0.00003081449,0.0000440377,0.0000149804,0.00005021191,0.0001193798],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6243626,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999998,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}