{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":276,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":276,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12"},"query_hash":"5214d8b6c626","filters":{"topic":"Radiative Heat Transfer Studies"}},"results":[{"id":"W2059816718","doi":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2011.06.002","title":"Calculations of gas thermal radiation transfer in one-dimensional planar enclosure using LBL and SNB models","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer","topic":"Radiative Heat Transfer Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":132,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada","funders":"China Scholarship Council; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Line (geometry); Radiative transfer; Enclosure; Database; Isothermal process; Planar; Materials science; Computational physics; Spectral line; Heat transfer; Thermal radiation; Physics; Mechanics; Optics; Computer science; Thermodynamics; Geometry; Mathematics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04193019155118504,"gpt":0.2362205146128163,"spread":0.1942903230616312,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001682345,0.0001388852,0.0002585601,0.0002919675,0.00002884904,0.00001145484,0.00008657413,0.00007400513,0.00003395231],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000002988081,0.0001286484,0.00007473838,0.00006999181,0.00006901212,0.0004075958,0.000002955619,0.0001807155,2.272752e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004992251,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002949839,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007609635,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005565119,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998974,0.00003839345,0.000464843,0.00009755787,0.0002919556,0.0001332538],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996918,0.00005885209,0.000008423699,0.00004245535,0.0001337459,0.00006469102],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001404911,0.0004949244,0.09406717,0.0002724814,0.002637071,0.0002003709,0.03207172,0.2632364,0.5785409,0.01854167,0.0000355054,0.008496852],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01424615,0.0006249153,0.4397027,0.00118798,0.0006338846,0.0004824364,0.0008002663,0.3518903,0.1770199,0.01195078,0.0002631932,0.001197575],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9372531,0.001991661,0.05977217,0.0002157693,0.0002292424,0.00009790767,0.00004254859,0.000009408483,0.0003882313],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9972165,0.001354518,0.001308209,0.00002569351,0.0000698667,0.000002384567,0.000003326615,0.00001794102,0.000001580863],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4015211,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5246131,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2065351823","doi":"10.1016/s0022-4073(99)00102-8","title":"An assessment of real-gas modelling in 2D enclosures","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer","topic":"Radiative Heat Transfer Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":131,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Chicoutimi","funders":"","keywords":"Computation; Homogeneous; Isothermal process; Exponential function; Radiative transfer; Computer science; Real gas; Applied mathematics; Line (geometry); Statistical physics; Physics; Thermodynamics; Algorithm; Mathematics; Optics; Mathematical analysis","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02329076176422688,"gpt":0.3346723495731826,"spread":0.3113815878089557,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005185786,0.0002660732,0.0007168966,0.0003538883,0.0000640226,0.00002194064,0.0001423286,0.00007869693,0.0001102977],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000004675255,0.0002262443,0.000127861,0.0003307604,0.0002097634,0.0005578875,0.000001810618,0.0004455179,0.000001061752],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001140172,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006635611,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004878156,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009080626,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982223,0.0002089883,0.0007936204,0.0001785612,0.0002989059,0.0002976521],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993638,0.0002608786,0.00003998421,0.0001013786,0.0001133733,0.0001205884],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005334421,0.0004378336,0.0286619,0.0002442369,0.0007170066,0.00007222471,0.02986884,0.8313611,0.0778525,0.02761565,0.0000344781,0.002600805],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005085128,0.005626226,0.5257603,0.0005552915,0.0002644301,0.00003261067,0.004442345,0.3623399,0.08803832,0.006769459,0.0002117167,0.0008742612],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8811722,0.003017436,0.1120705,0.00007843432,0.00008202477,0.0001763128,0.00003590049,0.00001754486,0.003349705],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9538513,0.02848823,0.01755089,0.00001309724,0.00005263211,0.000005866309,0.000001629701,0.0000321798,0.000004151241],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4970984,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9225974,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2075382851","doi":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2010.04.028","title":"Evaluation of solution methods for radiative heat transfer in gaseous oxy-fuel combustion environments","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer","topic":"Radiative Heat Transfer Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":123,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada","funders":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council; Doosan Heavy Industries and Construction; Pennsylvania State University; University of Pennsylvania","keywords":"Radiative transfer; Combustion; Thermal radiation; Atmospheric radiative transfer codes; Computation; Materials science; Quadrature (astronomy); Computational physics; Applied mathematics; Physics; Thermodynamics; Mechanics; Computer science; Chemistry; Mathematics; Optics; Algorithm; Physical chemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04193700205186917,"gpt":0.3612024864548616,"spread":0.3192654844029924,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003691507,0.0003629694,0.000836494,0.0005313327,0.0000997941,0.0000193399,0.0001357167,0.0001745772,0.00004469594],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001924674,0.000326932,0.0002402078,0.0003291545,0.0003672978,0.0005528551,0.000004004861,0.0006547047,0.000001138572],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002754911,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001124298,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001630549,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001808855,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9971648,0.0007191536,0.0009424322,0.0002625828,0.0005299242,0.0003810924],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983969,0.0009913293,0.00003842142,0.0001172762,0.0003271785,0.0001289256],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006949042,0.0003011614,0.001052001,0.0002085412,0.0008020755,0.00000304564,0.01672296,0.02182853,0.9474885,0.005647767,0.00002901968,0.005221472],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01119626,0.002902829,0.09169344,0.0002074669,0.001186015,0.00002523822,0.001774136,0.1435873,0.7394276,0.006984448,0.0003794262,0.0006358142],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4426835,0.005230722,0.5505186,0.0001413111,0.0004223671,0.0007368498,0.00007766451,0.00001082068,0.0001781678],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9606183,0.003620297,0.0355354,0.00001929751,0.00008264983,0.00006649983,0.000008043719,0.00004742129,0.00000209833],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5179348,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999183,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2089470485","doi":"10.1007/s10694-005-3733-8","title":"Heat Transfer Model of Flame Resistant Fabrics During Cooling After Exposure to Fire","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Fire Technology","topic":"Radiative Heat Transfer Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":89,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Heat transfer; Materials science; Poison control; Heat transfer coefficient; Parametric statistics; Fire test; Convective heat transfer; Kevlar; Fire hazard; Composite material; Forensic engineering; Nuclear engineering; Environmental science; Waste management; Engineering; Mechanics; Medicine","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008452621119054171,"gpt":0.1988046318294314,"spread":0.1903520107103772,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000048796,0.000240413,0.0003820497,0.0002224599,0.00006210297,0.000006180802,0.0002169055,0.0002538992,0.00002357917],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001413678,0.0002521284,0.00007525392,0.000443965,0.00008422853,0.00008327251,0.00003514827,0.0002765672,0.00002395125],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001259878,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001415154,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000006629949,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001150941,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988079,0.000008323766,0.000359339,0.0002603446,0.0001398649,0.0004242228],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994991,0.00002033709,0.000002600977,0.0003684694,0.00005257972,0.00005695696],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002926477,0.000093811,0.002703631,0.0006471131,0.0002795138,0.0000536101,0.004992987,0.5287567,0.4449527,0.0007689933,0.000395985,0.01606232],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002130733,0.0005151707,0.01508576,0.0004972543,0.0001373267,0.00003238439,0.000578206,0.3034546,0.6713571,0.0003333913,0.004431248,0.001446766],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9863213,0.003678876,0.007689585,0.000848258,0.00007920681,0.0002530756,0.00006860577,0.0008164647,0.0002446169],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9971867,0.0003821296,0.002087204,0.00003840945,0.00004643594,0.0001435659,0.000001616651,0.00006035522,0.00005354672],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2264044,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999931,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2115414800","doi":"10.5539/mer.v3n1p25","title":"Natural Convection and Radiation Heat Loss from Open Cavities of Different Shapes and Sizes Used with Dish Concentrator","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Mechanical Engineering Research","topic":"Radiative Heat Transfer Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":75,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Frustum; Conical surface; Nusselt number; Materials science; Natural convection; Mechanics; Optics; Convection; Cavity wall; Enclosure; Aperture (computer memory); Radiative transfer; Radiation zone; Geometry; Convection zone; Physics; Composite material; Acoustics; Mathematics; Reynolds number","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02026072015446195,"gpt":0.2630401388239537,"spread":0.2427794186694917,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001382963,0.0001597328,0.0003012604,0.00007868584,0.0000673474,0.0001262019,0.0001276999,0.00006429265,0.00003901153],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006725422,0.0001266862,0.00001663977,0.00013786,0.00009055757,0.0002659385,0.00007872866,0.0003041397,0.000001779086],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007532476,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009567952,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004668535,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007735309,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989952,0.00004529006,0.0001735166,0.0002140025,0.0002716185,0.00030035],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991825,0.000521596,0.000005679111,0.00009986395,0.00007472845,0.0001155833],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002400988,0.0001480643,0.01905614,0.001464489,0.00112612,0.00002233936,0.005700419,0.007722174,0.9378016,0.01131722,0.0004052956,0.01499603],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00245963,0.000471884,0.2220362,0.000334082,0.00003565271,0.000006355965,0.0007093066,0.5579457,0.2148224,0.0005048561,0.0001805812,0.0004932729],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9952022,0.001879122,0.001964751,0.0001772025,0.00009684657,0.0005505098,0.00002260668,0.00008349814,0.00002327291],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998937,0.0006273247,0.0002006842,0.000003846427,0.00004908095,0.0001339546,0.000006709703,0.00003077625,0.00001059274],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7229792,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5166113,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1977914656","doi":"10.1016/s0022-4073(99)00100-4","title":"Application of a modified discrete ordinates method to two-dimensional enclosures of irregular geometry","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer","topic":"Radiative Heat Transfer Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":71,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Chicoutimi","funders":"","keywords":"Ordinate; Enclosure; Geometry; Quadrature (astronomy); Radiative transfer; Scattering; Intensity (physics); Solid angle; Radiant intensity; Physics; Optics; Computer science; Radiation; Mathematics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01168034634296467,"gpt":0.3028170609526593,"spread":0.2911367146096946,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005700962,0.000276046,0.0008397357,0.0004307435,0.0000683917,0.00001001486,0.0001541876,0.00006708924,0.00007046345],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002448427,0.0002234864,0.0002032391,0.0005910572,0.0002233293,0.0002565063,0.000005679619,0.0002655805,0.000002473528],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005723654,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004062509,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003664054,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001301618,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981983,0.0001930498,0.0007848757,0.0001995575,0.0003689686,0.0002552268],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988865,0.0005445833,0.00006428624,0.000114838,0.0002510551,0.000138718],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001227759,0.0001708799,0.001935462,0.000281739,0.001375111,0.000008590133,0.008778169,0.2481795,0.7071963,0.02524476,0.00009106358,0.005510651],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003014044,0.00264319,0.07177345,0.0002522898,0.0003580875,0.00002603821,0.0007571365,0.02411453,0.8905929,0.005755092,0.000236354,0.0004769144],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.5969391,0.00364329,0.3983754,0.0001730805,0.00004848999,0.0002534743,0.00009815863,0.00001297697,0.0004560052],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9466625,0.0006059774,0.05260519,0.00002552966,0.00004514786,0.00001236055,0.000002557883,0.00003080565,0.000009930603],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3497234,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.911351,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3151598107","doi":"10.1115/1.4050719","title":"The Past and Future of the Monte Carlo Method in Thermal Radiation Transfer","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Heat Transfer","topic":"Radiative Heat Transfer Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":66,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Variance reduction; Monte Carlo method; Radiative transfer; Computer science; Thermal radiation; Probabilistic logic; Statistical physics; Energy transfer; Fidelity; Physics; Engineering physics; Telecommunications; Mathematics; Optics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.007248193293792719,"gpt":0.2227167767515978,"spread":0.2154685834578051,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004298035,0.0001597005,0.0003352074,0.00006267321,0.00009399895,0.00002323751,0.0001465821,0.00008204697,0.00001132225],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000007393829,0.00009054537,0.0001946976,0.0002713144,0.00006417854,0.0001481375,0.000004288796,0.0004465281,2.22232e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005033182,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004616525,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001112356,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002134258,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987016,0.0002289517,0.0005055167,0.00009201953,0.0002672604,0.0002046132],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994761,0.0002232462,0.000004254659,0.0001428418,0.0001040383,0.00004950303],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007575732,0.0003421074,0.1000138,0.0009889015,0.002619784,0.0002289751,0.06696068,0.1668838,0.3884245,0.004041899,0.001129265,0.2676088],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003700095,0.0001612027,0.8436466,0.0001942781,0.0002853393,0.0002268758,0.002768691,0.002780578,0.1249306,0.0001122334,0.02085693,0.0003365845],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.953687,0.03545584,0.004791948,0.004765451,0.0006967073,0.0001592504,0.00001589348,0.000009524437,0.0004184622],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9911679,0.008314156,0.0001244892,0.00006142836,0.0002944194,0.000005152887,1.677263e-7,0.00002437988,0.000007911125],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7436328,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3692333,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3044426545","doi":"10.1016/j.fuel.2020.118555","title":"The impact of radiative heat transfer in combustion processes and its modeling – with a focus on turbulent flames","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Fuel","topic":"Radiative Heat Transfer Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":57,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada","funders":"National Institute of Standards and Technology; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia para Excitotoxicidade e Neuroproteção","keywords":"Combustion; Radiative transfer; Turbulence; Heat transfer; Thermal radiation; Computational fluid dynamics; Mechanics; Flame structure; Aerospace engineering; Environmental science; Thermodynamics; Statistical physics; Physics; Chemistry; Combustor; Optics; Engineering; Physical chemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02034805821302364,"gpt":0.2328628819615042,"spread":0.2125148237484806,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00003646261,0.0001227946,0.0001667328,0.0000313295,0.00003309968,0.00001076918,0.00004434363,0.00002381325,0.000001406288],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001889275,0.0000741296,0.00002264291,0.0001846938,0.00002219441,0.00007554569,0.000002656085,0.0001089583,9.56541e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003680565,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000217917,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002871032,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007875611,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995348,0.00001807848,0.0001186444,0.0001053949,0.00008924113,0.000133885],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997905,0.00008972924,0.000002014331,0.00004192005,0.00003713477,0.00003873321],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001905332,0.00001884922,0.0008638321,0.0003186783,0.0001144979,0.000003618868,0.01430636,0.9829748,0.0006387478,0.0001908582,0.00002217988,0.0003570058],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001230676,0.0007022228,0.008260868,0.0001780738,0.00002473454,0.000002095459,0.0006287487,0.979072,0.009557246,0.0001456316,0.000007690283,0.0001899623],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.983971,0.00891568,0.005680841,0.0006652012,0.00001125658,0.0003028472,0.00001643988,0.00004906198,0.00038766],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9978856,0.002022727,0.00001388106,0.00001099881,0.0000188657,0.00002950462,9.725828e-7,0.00001675898,7.172609e-7],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01391456,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3022918,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2979052107","doi":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2019.118777","title":"One-dimensional P1 method for gas radiation heat transfer in spherical geometry","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer","topic":"Radiative Heat Transfer Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":44,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China Stem Cell and Translational Research; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities; China Scholarship Council; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Spherical harmonics; Heat transfer; Spherical geometry; Radiation; Circular symmetry; Thermal radiation; Rotational symmetry; Materials science; Radiant intensity; Spherical model; Geometry; Mechanics; Physics; Optics; Computational physics; Thermodynamics; Mathematics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0124893608808617,"gpt":0.2635034137929052,"spread":0.2510140529120435,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003551063,0.0001946534,0.0004169794,0.0003135246,0.00002592931,0.00003637994,0.0001620882,0.0001077527,0.0001168553],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001273951,0.0001860284,0.0001884668,0.0001289845,0.00003027472,0.0003281454,0.000004325888,0.0002864324,0.000004790769],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001510014,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003708528,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001753144,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002418013,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985408,0.00004890129,0.0005620326,0.0001712816,0.000434316,0.000242703],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993568,0.0003154762,0.00000381787,0.00006497023,0.0001601666,0.00009876107],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.003145986,0.0006270658,0.04890472,0.0005659177,0.003347767,0.0001127464,0.003871281,0.2056895,0.6526611,0.006448545,0.0008781812,0.07374714],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.04758182,0.003158645,0.2078441,0.001447409,0.0006897811,0.0006515855,0.000855651,0.3053221,0.3674726,0.006802535,0.05542877,0.002744952],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6718062,0.002183294,0.3227893,0.001324208,0.001195616,0.0002782859,0.00004607663,0.00002316762,0.0003539112],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9928865,0.001181509,0.005358985,0.0002230406,0.0002699876,0.00001605017,0.000009771565,0.00003742508,0.00001673086],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3210803,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7586019,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2514683562","doi":"10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2016.08.162","title":"Inverse heat transfer prediction of the state of the brick wall of a melting furnace","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Thermal Engineering","topic":"Radiative Heat Transfer Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":43,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Brick; Biot number; Thermocouple; Thermal diffusivity; Materials science; Inverse; Heat transfer; Position (finance); Composite material; Structural engineering; Metallurgy; Mechanical engineering; Mechanics; Engineering; Mathematics; Thermodynamics; Geometry; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.006615569920930492,"gpt":0.1566824835638645,"spread":0.150066913642934,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000127687,0.0001632482,0.0002413239,0.00004657518,0.00002671326,0.000002000781,0.000224954,0.00004258984,0.000009229182],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001095178,0.00009129082,0.0001171988,0.0002348383,0.00007779684,0.00005936745,0.00002884273,0.000122998,9.919539e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004876096,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001159885,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002688887,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001162235,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991204,0.00001363443,0.0003534416,0.0001052525,0.0002030628,0.0002042775],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995667,0.0000989584,0.00001275176,0.0002644721,0.00003064559,0.00002641692],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000905051,0.000008191196,0.0005385253,0.0001375703,0.0001316697,9.457846e-8,0.001556459,0.2502539,0.7458162,0.0003184541,0.000005296392,0.001224592],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006264281,0.00001661714,0.04859607,0.0002026781,0.00005262526,0.000001104621,0.00004414852,0.01861431,0.9315599,0.00002168659,0.0001513064,0.0001131273],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9878644,0.0001897938,0.01055218,0.00003965351,0.000197587,0.0002893853,0.00005561538,0.00007354328,0.0007377873],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997249,0.00008315847,0.00008698059,0.000005902954,0.00002340797,0.00002398747,2.71541e-7,0.00004060544,0.00001082783],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2316395,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3722732,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2054431997","doi":"10.1016/j.firesaf.2007.11.007","title":"Heat transfer in a cylinder sheathed by flame-resistant fabrics exposed to convective and radiant heat flux","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Fire Safety Journal","topic":"Radiative Heat Transfer Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":41,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Heat transfer; Mechanics; Heat flux; Materials science; Cylinder; Convective heat transfer; Convection; Radiant heating; Thermodynamics; Composite material; Mechanical engineering; Engineering; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01239250665819384,"gpt":0.2015995184234723,"spread":0.1892070117652785,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002425574,0.000360945,0.0005505379,0.0001882332,0.0003321935,0.00003719985,0.0001439332,0.0001287311,0.0001034905],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002335135,0.0003364613,0.0001189097,0.0003630797,0.0001033216,0.0002177666,0.00001335917,0.0006242482,0.00001750061],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004305453,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006711063,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004285237,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001174161,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981337,0.0001033336,0.0005625309,0.0002853069,0.0003135473,0.0006016206],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999263,0.0001409728,0.000003247409,0.0001555062,0.00006714867,0.0003700886],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.004853105,0.00087197,0.02921778,0.0005807795,0.002526883,0.004360486,0.2202847,0.05973266,0.5973317,0.0003031389,0.04973879,0.030198],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.031846,0.003026845,0.6974704,0.00139954,0.0003048592,0.005106383,0.006825774,0.0611443,0.112826,0.0002428685,0.07467046,0.005136549],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9700897,0.008793341,0.0170022,0.001383041,0.000434965,0.0005219306,0.0001449189,0.000110089,0.001519794],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9955413,0.003698312,0.0002459451,0.0002216079,0.0001290947,0.00002629714,0.000006844662,0.00006700771,0.00006362796],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6682526,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999087,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2083991203","doi":"10.1016/j.apm.2013.02.053","title":"Zonal modeling of radiative heat transfer in industrial furnaces using simplified model for exchange area calculation","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Mathematical Modelling","topic":"Radiative Heat Transfer Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":38,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"Radiative transfer; Heat transfer; Surface (topology); Heat exchanger; Thermal radiation; Mechanics; Numerical analysis; Thermal; Computer simulation; Environmental science; Computer science; Materials science; Meteorology; Mechanical engineering; Thermodynamics; Mathematics; Engineering; Physics; Optics; Geometry; Mathematical analysis","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1289505674063352,"gpt":0.2596184784549088,"spread":0.1306679110485735,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00024457,0.0003080441,0.0006295234,0.0001968499,0.00007058657,0.00002536207,0.0001230751,0.0002112835,0.00001972902],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001312067,0.0002991156,0.0001173222,0.0002038826,0.00005256173,0.0002124743,0.0000139827,0.0002419891,0.000003756211],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001339643,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002666052,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002764521,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000006721135,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982598,0.0000158026,0.0007418835,0.0002802997,0.0002525598,0.0004496925],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993621,0.0002992811,0.00001209735,0.0001608203,0.00007298362,0.00009272472],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003133521,0.00004870669,0.000005221405,0.0003366645,0.00006267285,1.785616e-7,0.003794587,0.9799041,0.004667667,0.01087632,0.000005768101,0.0002668041],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001076665,0.00001443101,9.365125e-7,0.0001191993,0.00005171966,5.427587e-7,0.0002154577,0.9505368,0.002197417,0.04551308,6.004123e-7,0.0002731214],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3270297,0.000114597,0.6711405,0.00001860551,0.00002678145,0.001057435,0.0000183523,0.00006268462,0.000531372],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9635021,0.00004895938,0.03585846,0.00001185368,0.00006498484,0.0004308389,0.000009664624,0.00007042062,0.000002692084],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6364725,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999461,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2036570894","doi":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2004.07.008","title":"Control volume finite element method for radiation","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer","topic":"Radiative Heat Transfer Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":34,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Finite element method; Control volume; Radiation; Mechanics; Physics; Optics; Thermodynamics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01612189951626294,"gpt":0.3007398964347505,"spread":0.2846179969184875,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006453021,0.0003129333,0.0006799813,0.0002938555,0.0001616752,0.00004199306,0.0001154099,0.00008406831,0.00002676276],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007149923,0.0002667369,0.0002487814,0.0002286793,0.0001240678,0.0004315583,0.000002370682,0.0003172719,0.000004725159],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002365791,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007853143,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008362678,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002120848,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983886,0.0001197227,0.0006717116,0.0001946823,0.0002480494,0.0003772108],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998808,0.0006721179,0.0000594673,0.0000786794,0.0002305271,0.0001511839],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002577663,0.0004484211,0.003173755,0.0006590522,0.005660265,0.00005410959,0.03184038,0.5939142,0.152847,0.2000865,0.00134935,0.007389378],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.07117994,0.02335063,0.1158324,0.0007141904,0.002740116,0.0001270439,0.005869688,0.1560797,0.5316579,0.05217385,0.03721259,0.003061858],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.02717779,0.006499544,0.9637235,0.001200397,0.0003747003,0.0005771183,0.0001926302,0.00003943425,0.0002149154],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8953029,0.003212793,0.1009693,0.0001841382,0.0002170518,0.00004657101,0.000004928697,0.00005311254,0.00000917333],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8681251,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999785,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1988057451","doi":"10.1080/1068276031000086796","title":"Design of radiant enclosures using inverse and non-linear programming techniques","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Inverse problems in engineering","topic":"Radiative Heat Transfer Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":33,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Inverse; Enclosure; Inverse problem; Computer science; Mathematical optimization; Mathematics; Mathematical analysis","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02602265432822587,"gpt":0.2295959736426692,"spread":0.2035733193144433,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003641543,0.0002687452,0.0003432044,0.0003731373,0.0000326366,0.00001451553,0.00009213547,0.0001125231,0.00000362412],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005855489,0.0002971046,0.00003857506,0.0004210112,0.00007012456,0.0002143598,0.00001875473,0.0002439297,0.000001170876],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001222706,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002531174,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005574484,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000231024,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988514,0.00002964115,0.0003817144,0.0002129801,0.0001319474,0.0003923658],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996294,0.0000784881,0.00002262392,0.0001591961,0.00003160748,0.0000786379],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000002090166,0.00001765178,0.002647666,0.0005742274,0.00006734976,0.00001320069,0.001744384,0.9174717,0.07662067,0.00006895935,0.00001584357,0.0007562448],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005504832,0.00006594096,0.0002508442,0.0005620563,0.00003638452,0.00002102691,0.0001771449,0.8832806,0.113599,0.00006119376,0.0009223286,0.0004728988],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.2977489,0.002002944,0.6976769,0.00000866813,0.0002927537,0.001336534,0.000005162817,0.0005240493,0.0004041387],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8045294,0.0005573229,0.1947217,0.0000074826,0.0000216265,0.00009171772,7.172596e-7,0.000067648,0.000002429393],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5067805,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999481,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W182097552","doi":"10.1023/a:1022690802938","title":"The analysis of a two-phase zone with condensation in a porous medium","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Engineering Mathematics","topic":"Radiative Heat Transfer Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":32,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Ballard Power Systems (Canada); University of British Columbia","funders":"Mitacs; Ballard Power Systems","keywords":"Saturation (graph theory); Thermodynamics; Isothermal process; Materials science; Vapor pressure; Mass transfer; Evaporation; Porous medium; Heat transfer; Mechanics; Condensation; Phase (matter); Porosity; Chemistry; Physics; Mathematics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01116243830848091,"gpt":0.2443433302637123,"spread":0.2331808919552314,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004771821,0.0001154707,0.0003980788,0.0003418764,0.00001669442,0.00001248865,0.00008999615,0.00002546773,0.000004500508],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001341672,0.00007622407,0.00007670263,0.0006913817,0.00002534494,0.00007050605,0.00000272319,0.0001616476,3.491008e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006658673,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002074521,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000001157711,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002877465,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990427,0.00001404424,0.0005296809,0.00003960266,0.0002338736,0.0001400337],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999316,0.0003429886,0.00008278571,0.0001195353,0.0001008358,0.00003779472],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009359104,0.00008886476,0.0004325843,0.0001623805,0.001743627,0.00002937173,0.003268737,0.9842267,0.005417187,0.004485584,0.00001259657,0.0001230203],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.006226466,0.0005051858,0.008691877,0.0006192017,0.002791276,0.0002363467,0.00222972,0.9505363,0.02630105,0.0009086302,0.0003881454,0.0005658626],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7862042,0.0008793517,0.2125381,0.00002288216,0.00009283831,0.00007463693,0.000002359287,0.00001645517,0.000169189],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.986083,0.000166299,0.01370543,0.00000154735,0.00001468157,0.0000036325,2.313123e-7,0.00001954268,0.000005589744],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1998788,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3108327,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2109974407","doi":"10.1002/fam.797","title":"A comparative analysis of protocols for measuring heat transmission through flame resistant materials: capturing the effects of thermal shrinkage","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Fire and Materials","topic":"Radiative Heat Transfer Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":32,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Shrinkage; Thermal; Materials science; Composite material; Repeatability; Textile; Structural engineering; Engineering; Mathematics; Statistics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04036070818344468,"gpt":0.2658219013853375,"spread":0.2254611932018928,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001890446,0.000182588,0.000751838,0.0000515444,0.00008587389,0.000026832,0.00009661731,0.00005405908,0.00005205541],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001091609,0.0001216451,0.00008356677,0.0001364132,0.00006890404,0.00009622333,0.00001344928,0.00002970231,5.405462e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001590056,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000297115,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008035001,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000009672678,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990342,0.00009985608,0.0004076485,0.0001498645,0.0001213459,0.0001871281],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995363,0.0002047916,0.0000374612,0.0001616826,0.00003685892,0.00002292445],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001019268,0.00002390339,0.00002075288,0.002081944,0.0008256384,0.00000122176,0.01107541,0.0002961807,0.9852545,0.00008169586,0.00003621292,0.0002005968],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005334801,0.0001286141,0.007261293,0.0003628009,0.0004318153,3.475974e-7,0.0001075822,0.000414621,0.9902941,0.00002778755,0.0003088315,0.0001287266],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9924242,0.001254655,0.0007409761,0.00002256036,0.00008800261,0.005069247,0.0001598278,0.00004573809,0.0001947955],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9966841,0.000216139,0.0002659074,0.000005645585,0.00003787558,0.002755541,0.000005851126,0.000017239,0.00001172459],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01096783,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4960544,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2042405514","doi":"10.1115/1.4000245","title":"Radiative Properties of Numerically Generated Fractal Soot Aggregates: The Importance of Configuration Averaging","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Heat Transfer","topic":"Radiative Heat Transfer Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":31,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada","funders":"Government of Canada","keywords":"Fractal; Fractal dimension; Radiative transfer; Scattering; Realization (probability); Aggregate (composite); Particle (ecology); Soot; Light scattering; Particle size; Materials science; Cluster (spacecraft); Physics; SPHERES; Statistical physics; Computational physics; Optics; Mathematical analysis; Mathematics; Chemistry; Statistics; Combustion; Nanotechnology; Geology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01585187465483014,"gpt":0.217154665627817,"spread":0.2013027909729869,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002382502,0.0001887533,0.0004954034,0.0001073945,0.00006137838,0.00001445187,0.0001619416,0.00005720047,0.00002804256],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002681515,0.0001200425,0.0001783458,0.0002394171,0.0001104683,0.0002822581,0.000001706206,0.0002933755,9.524523e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005835375,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006635619,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000006966965,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000007596439,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984942,0.00007527228,0.0008234322,0.00008800678,0.0003251146,0.0001939564],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994287,0.00006799416,0.00002949223,0.0001150798,0.0003047042,0.00005402367],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002928032,0.0001427132,0.003472403,0.0001634663,0.0006521522,0.00002435206,0.01323261,0.08316857,0.893985,0.0003531243,0.0002243466,0.004288413],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001370827,0.0006438813,0.03698691,0.0003699164,0.0001462881,0.00005381127,0.0006852266,0.01080715,0.9483104,0.0001000434,0.0002872717,0.000238207],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9603461,0.01198081,0.02581479,0.0009394222,0.000166605,0.0002091914,0.00001010209,0.00002215922,0.0005108388],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9979348,0.001695515,0.0001413771,0.0001075726,0.00009378659,0.000003087977,9.398154e-7,0.00001868764,0.000004200242],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.07236142,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.489519,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2144863084","doi":"10.1260/0144-5987.32.6.989","title":"An Energy Efficiency Analysis of an Industrial Reheating Furnace and an Implementation of Efficiency Enhancements Methods","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Energy Exploration & Exploitation","topic":"Radiative Heat Transfer Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":31,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Economizer; Recuperator; Efficient energy use; Environmental science; Energy consumption; Energy conservation; Process engineering; Flue gas; Context (archaeology); Waste management; Engineering; Mechanical engineering; Heat exchanger","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03716473744674576,"gpt":0.3462361313347876,"spread":0.3090713938880419,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000808208,0.0002201111,0.0004194265,0.0007195041,0.0001253646,0.00003795658,0.0001317769,0.00009384289,0.00002610289],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005826241,0.0002402194,0.00006086709,0.001242147,0.00006264364,0.001781948,0.0000112211,0.00006462276,2.584196e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006563648,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002591813,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003661356,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009075978,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9976902,0.0006210186,0.0007736239,0.0003537635,0.000347431,0.0002139514],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990299,0.000165615,0.0001841308,0.0002924262,0.0002257856,0.0001020907],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000361826,0.0001660687,0.0008660153,0.00002388172,0.0002841305,1.78574e-7,0.01839416,0.3657592,0.3073229,0.007825741,0.000004970548,0.2993166],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008218802,0.0009790821,0.003096862,0.00001675821,0.0003134668,1.811391e-7,0.009679663,0.574288,0.4099912,0.0004510117,0.00009567682,0.000266237],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.484234,0.00005896206,0.5153774,0.000008898941,0.0001119523,0.00006034752,0.000008674533,0.00004672531,0.0000930072],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9827014,0.0001531134,0.01654216,0.0000128475,0.0001024213,0.00007757669,0.000376696,0.00003063491,0.000003198205],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4988353,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9795862,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2902447514","doi":"10.31436/iiumej.v19i2.905","title":"STUDY OF MESH QUALITY IMPROVEMENT FOR CFD ANALYSIS OF AN AIRFOIL","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IIUM Engineering Journal","topic":"Radiative Heat Transfer Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":31,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Airfoil; Computational fluid dynamics; Physics; Aerospace engineering; Engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02545421524019434,"gpt":0.2990944731665353,"spread":0.2736402579263409,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005234548,0.0001682027,0.0005219271,0.0004234938,0.00005378808,0.00001483116,0.0001798826,0.00004035108,0.00001558439],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004500803,0.0001602994,0.0001724989,0.000493976,0.00002645773,0.0001279131,0.00001360523,0.0001350638,3.508003e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007313937,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001264391,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000224191,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00008722926,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987422,0.00002104519,0.0006186762,0.0001270506,0.0002501941,0.0002408365],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993154,0.00008178993,0.00005644506,0.0002270652,0.0002284388,0.00009081887],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009469158,0.0006752578,0.01371167,0.0003949755,0.01345546,0.000006130146,0.01623898,0.8404473,0.1077138,0.0002797183,0.0001343228,0.006847708],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003489146,0.004274648,0.4913293,0.00006744304,0.002593942,0.000007167953,0.003222521,0.41258,0.08141475,0.00003308049,0.000329573,0.000658429],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9138331,0.0001360686,0.08529123,0.000006977244,0.0004039008,0.000182677,0.00003150458,0.00005750953,0.0000570414],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9975809,0.00002651796,0.002127,0.000002868229,0.0002056238,0.00002053035,0.000001859816,0.00002958437,0.000005053917],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4776177,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6536818,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1974813930","doi":"10.1115/1.1375812","title":"Analysis of Radiative Heat Transfer in Complex Two-Dimensional Enclosures With Obstacles Using the Modified Discrete Ordinates Method","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Heat Transfer","topic":"Radiative Heat Transfer Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Chicoutimi","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Radiative transfer; Enclosure; Intensity (physics); Ordinate; Scattering; Boundary (topology); Radiant intensity; Geometry; Extension (predicate logic); Work (physics); Mathematics; Physics; Computational physics; Computer science; Radiation; Mathematical analysis; Optics; Thermodynamics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03678697133494977,"gpt":0.2963017118839816,"spread":0.2595147405490318,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006982939,0.0004065628,0.001279691,0.0008295097,0.0001326749,0.00003046692,0.0002788976,0.00008879936,0.00008976798],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001244144,0.0002539288,0.0005043577,0.001812161,0.0002229846,0.000338713,0.000006619947,0.0005226244,3.616545e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001686432,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006446248,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000350785,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009997966,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9972879,0.0003627937,0.001025554,0.0002324712,0.0006338116,0.0004574277],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987295,0.0006826873,0.000008791499,0.0002181972,0.0002337863,0.000127051],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004824731,0.00008485885,0.01601861,0.00004668104,0.003605883,0.00007456375,0.004363805,0.924201,0.05064226,0.0002289455,0.00001084836,0.0002401164],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.006066169,0.0006224525,0.2394307,0.0002968861,0.004544296,0.0002153466,0.001744854,0.7005489,0.0455342,0.0001340256,0.0001167979,0.0007454268],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7702529,0.002601069,0.2262125,0.0003475833,0.00006985172,0.0002360695,0.00006235342,0.00002008037,0.0001975494],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9975547,0.0004886305,0.001762059,0.00006460056,0.00006120535,0.00000845086,0.000006131085,0.00005165385,0.000002551172],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2273017,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999913,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2077180627","doi":"10.1007/s00231-007-0303-2","title":"Conduction–radiation interaction in 3D irregular enclosures using the finite volume method","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Heat and Mass Transfer","topic":"Radiative Heat Transfer Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":28,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"Finite volume method; Enclosure; Thermal conduction; Mechanics; Radiation; Radiative transfer; Heat flux; Materials science; Thermal radiation; Radiative flux; Work (physics); Physics; Optics; Thermodynamics; Heat transfer; Computer science; Telecommunications","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02548004744071598,"gpt":0.2805607544486607,"spread":0.2550807070079447,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003941302,0.0001515979,0.0001701999,0.0001444842,0.0001076422,0.00002781857,0.00004224959,0.00007906994,0.00003295463],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000008562345,0.000125239,0.00004323299,0.0002088754,0.00004598359,0.0002349678,0.000002496537,0.0002124598,0.000003115841],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008224053,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007248803,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001237625,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002969276,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991988,0.000061303,0.0002349543,0.0001561617,0.0001111459,0.0002376334],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996756,0.0001616656,0.00000246349,0.00009623939,0.00002305222,0.00004103383],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002719574,0.0001236854,0.06296355,0.0006176491,0.0006186335,0.00005468147,0.03231016,0.3548004,0.4199609,0.002472087,0.0006162375,0.12519],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002655504,0.0001699294,0.210958,0.0001747171,0.0002587878,0.00006792415,0.003360174,0.5815852,0.1132416,0.0007833177,0.08572181,0.001023064],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4050171,0.001816967,0.5913225,0.0002061496,0.000504512,0.0002313603,0.000006249777,0.00008054822,0.0008146171],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9975857,0.0006264016,0.001522507,0.00007044958,0.0001253596,0.00001604449,0.000004370149,0.0000245672,0.00002459694],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5925686,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5107097,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3185419551","doi":"10.1615/978-1-56700-203-4.0","title":"Thermal Radiation Fundamentals","year":2004,"lang":"ca","type":"book","venue":"","topic":"Radiative Heat Transfer Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"University of Waterloo; University of Toronto; Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation; Australian Government; McGill University","keywords":"Thermal radiation; Radiation; Heat transfer; Resource (disambiguation); Software; Thermal; Mechanical engineering; Engineering; Process engineering; Computer science; Nuclear engineering; Materials science; Physics; Optics; Thermodynamics; Operating system","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01254240951364562,"gpt":0.2239557352775129,"spread":0.2114133257638672,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001355756,0.0007821096,0.0007581916,0.0002344491,0.0001877592,0.00009070669,0.0002540676,0.0004729862,0.003379247],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001066665,0.000799801,0.0003239897,0.000131806,0.0001547285,0.0002233809,0.00003890718,0.0005877261,0.002051624],"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.004000057,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005354816,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006791848,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003978692,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9977865,0.00004475929,0.0006033566,0.0005081123,0.0004293902,0.0006278916],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992218,0.0001326557,0.00004276092,0.0003948303,0.00004954251,0.000158401],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001699428,0.0005728392,0.00216448,0.007438962,0.01495292,0.0004064447,0.03099113,0.3961709,0.006652968,0.2165169,0.08096226,0.2430002],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004345747,0.0005086531,0.02341098,0.001051594,0.0008255104,0.00001420945,0.0002868148,0.002270323,0.007801781,0.001771281,0.9542526,0.003460536],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.0009285805,0.01483661,0.00469453,0.0002977273,0.001942983,0.0009739813,0.000171516,0.0005426151,0.9756114],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.4219375,0.01097173,0.0008897308,0.000515155,0.002708733,0.0001952291,0.0004173788,0.0005559556,0.5618086],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8732903,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998234,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1967999567","doi":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2012.07.009","title":"Evaluation of the absorption line blackbody distribution function of CO2 and H2O using the proper orthogonal decomposition and hyperbolic correlations","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer","topic":"Radiative Heat Transfer Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada","funders":"China Scholarship Council; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Black-body radiation; Absorption (acoustics); Line (geometry); Physics; Range (aeronautics); Computational physics; Function (biology); Materials science; Optics; Mathematics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04651723317079066,"gpt":0.3188198490870087,"spread":0.272302615916218,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001037702,0.0001422691,0.0002633176,0.00008219051,0.0001729846,0.00001232084,0.00003539308,0.00005427421,0.00000845542],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005221472,0.00008520006,0.00006861179,0.0002160477,0.000409839,0.0004213153,0.00000549539,0.0002221575,1.634736e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009179291,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004691835,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000007595955,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001371354,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986637,0.0003427725,0.0004065995,0.00008000139,0.0003579658,0.0001489671],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991881,0.0002113713,0.00008752687,0.00005562593,0.000406127,0.00005120529],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006173486,0.0002668269,0.09267341,0.0002498848,0.001406542,2.824839e-7,0.02205059,0.04270048,0.8054962,0.03218521,0.00003936124,0.002313919],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001367549,0.000531193,0.893895,0.0001508887,0.001215693,0.00002149564,0.001494635,0.05594403,0.04439886,0.0008226314,0.0000311576,0.0001268344],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8553348,0.009154911,0.1347751,0.0001204271,0.0001852927,0.0003147559,0.00006471665,0.000004323198,0.00004565076],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9974511,0.001956019,0.0004826891,0.000008618327,0.00007852093,0.000005458372,0.000005136179,0.00001166321,7.63498e-7],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8012216,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3474358,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4309633451","doi":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2022.123610","title":"A new method for modeling radiative heat transfer based on Bayesian artificial neural networks and Monte Carlo method in participating media","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer","topic":"Radiative Heat Transfer Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Safran Electronics (Canada)","funders":"Safran Aircraft Engines","keywords":"Radiative transfer; Artificial neural network; Monte Carlo method; Computer science; Divergence (linguistics); Feedforward neural network; Artificial intelligence; Physics; Mathematics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02977945667186643,"gpt":0.3031005639980069,"spread":0.2733211073261405,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007376145,0.0002438626,0.0004458548,0.0003571865,0.0001137084,0.00005339495,0.0001546194,0.00006121139,0.00003460395],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002828321,0.0002339089,0.0001625419,0.0001325935,0.00002106642,0.0001923833,0.000007747605,0.0005111151,4.573155e-8],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001465917,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004533715,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001047181,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002241716,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982197,0.0002077982,0.0006397929,0.0002181542,0.0004083462,0.0003061771],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989426,0.0007409864,0.000006170509,0.00005971533,0.00009489009,0.0001556773],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007245985,0.00003241657,0.0005393417,0.00001987234,0.0001909134,0.00003653233,0.003377341,0.9782283,0.001363343,0.0002801327,0.00001936679,0.01518781],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002407398,0.0002901257,0.0004379246,0.00005375101,0.00008963438,0.00002741148,0.0004886296,0.9943696,0.001103684,0.0004180038,0.0001044556,0.0002094118],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.09409221,0.001219493,0.9020057,0.001594086,0.0007179405,0.0002515699,0.00006525432,0.00002149117,0.00003226665],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9864821,0.0001567585,0.01265081,0.000252605,0.0003233688,0.00008498797,0.000004321562,0.00004361049,0.000001449783],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8923899,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9538528,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2011181027","doi":"10.1016/j.ces.2010.08.009","title":"General method of simulating radiation fields using measured boundary values","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Science","topic":"Radiative Heat Transfer Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Radiation; Boundary (topology); Mechanics; Mathematics; Physics; Mathematical analysis; Optics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01831419072791756,"gpt":0.2771817924363155,"spread":0.258867601708398,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000380823,0.0001406513,0.0001919739,0.000122332,0.00007059007,0.00003072279,0.0002329249,0.00007598029,0.000006770835],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003606501,0.0001462423,0.00005025607,0.000513354,0.0001534741,0.0002316187,0.00002802439,0.00027946,8.663911e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006745491,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004250259,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000007233911,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.006062e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989839,0.00000496791,0.0002233005,0.0001955065,0.0002961709,0.0002962192],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995227,0.0001124578,0.00001490741,0.0001843119,0.0000750181,0.00009060654],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[5.40152e-7,0.000002805694,0.0001010864,0.00003157711,0.000006942049,2.985973e-7,0.0002098263,0.3438896,0.6531889,0.0001186523,0.000002890327,0.002446884],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00006484798,0.000003119568,0.0005397358,0.00001038477,0.000005648335,0.000002797456,0.000002865977,0.5198049,0.4794,0.00004086284,0.00003522788,0.00008962179],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7252507,0.0001390653,0.2736805,0.000008578775,0.0004875074,0.00005819345,0.000002318965,0.0001516538,0.0002214169],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8469896,0.000004039478,0.1528571,0.000005459053,0.0001204424,0.000003557196,6.222277e-7,0.00001724243,0.000001888741],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1759153,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5963586,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1987676297","doi":"10.1016/s0022-4073(00)00062-5","title":"Inhomogeneous radiative model of refractive and dispersive semi-transparent stellar atmospheres","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer","topic":"Radiative Heat Transfer Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Chicoutimi","funders":"","keywords":"Radiative transfer; Refractive index; Radiative flux; Physics; Absorption (acoustics); Source function; Attenuation coefficient; Atmosphere (unit); Refraction; Boundary value problem; Computational physics; Optics; Thermodynamics; Astrophysics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02998343090121805,"gpt":0.274153506634741,"spread":0.244170075733523,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003052594,0.0004911234,0.001113636,0.0001972604,0.0001600071,0.00003053523,0.0001605218,0.0001397852,0.00002969635],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004237988,0.0004124823,0.0002229287,0.0003631903,0.00063774,0.0005821098,0.00001049707,0.0005628649,0.000001548837],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001707483,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008786043,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001975961,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007487249,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9978237,0.0001951963,0.0008366757,0.0003067605,0.000402272,0.0004353723],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985663,0.0006268887,0.0001136156,0.0001254892,0.0003208707,0.0002468635],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00515003,0.0006944448,0.02421269,0.0008878752,0.007983627,0.0003391542,0.1598678,0.3971363,0.3754206,0.02458457,0.0005964159,0.003126536],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01420426,0.01084657,0.09124013,0.001236188,0.002238566,0.0004119462,0.03559088,0.2247833,0.605302,0.01040335,0.001035229,0.002707533],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7705922,0.02556121,0.2013312,0.0002283329,0.0001534084,0.0003646629,0.0001896139,0.00002746088,0.001551901],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9404105,0.05356276,0.00582611,0.0000413271,0.00006956297,0.000009230279,0.000002533782,0.00005781613,0.00002014197],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2298814,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998327,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2110761076","doi":"10.2514/1.33271","title":"Efficient Calculation of Radiation Heat Transfer in Participating Media","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Thermophysics and Heat Transfer","topic":"Radiative Heat Transfer Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Natural Resources Canada; University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Resources Canada","keywords":"Heat transfer; Materials science; Thermal radiation; Radiation; Mechanics; Thermodynamics; Nuclear engineering; Optics; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02252570491745107,"gpt":0.2323863463397659,"spread":0.2098606414223148,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001866817,0.0001624519,0.0004272173,0.0001454704,0.00005458621,0.000006328602,0.00006130702,0.00006385131,0.000009641481],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000006748939,0.0001401897,0.0001294055,0.000216241,0.00007311421,0.00009931671,0.000002104168,0.0002133206,6.466969e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005522244,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002420159,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000243468,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001808418,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988078,0.00005029162,0.0005828505,0.00009392168,0.0002641117,0.0002009939],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996538,0.0001250946,0.000003511831,0.00007449798,0.00006815531,0.00007489447],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002016401,0.0002822817,0.01619235,0.0002973193,0.0002833848,0.0000407898,0.0517945,0.6334873,0.2861211,0.000908249,0.00002272035,0.01036835],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004625141,0.0004131121,0.6235473,0.0003660857,0.0001927689,0.00004777371,0.0003689125,0.14484,0.2248493,0.0002009629,0.00006649417,0.000482154],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9804221,0.002299929,0.01671995,0.00008396833,0.0001709666,0.0001275486,0.000009810459,0.00001291894,0.0001527849],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9983081,0.001473363,0.00005459791,0.00001542104,0.0001134436,0.000007235833,0.000001232646,0.00002614478,4.885917e-7],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6073549,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5716771,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2566652197","doi":"10.1088/1742-6596/676/1/012020","title":"Infrared signature modelling of a rocket jet plume - comparison with flight measurements","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Physics Conference Series","topic":"Radiative Heat Transfer Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Defence Research and Development Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Plume; Propellant; Rocket (weapon); Sounding rocket; Aerospace engineering; Radiance; Radiative transfer; Infrared; Jet (fluid); Atmosphere (unit); Solid-fuel rocket; Rocket propellant; Physics; Remote sensing; Computational physics; Meteorology; Geology; Optics; Engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05967729295973484,"gpt":0.2338598297449931,"spread":0.1741825367852583,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009606208,0.00019732,0.0005011215,0.00006156622,0.00004174273,0.0000222817,0.0001814393,0.00005165159,0.0000159763],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001007416,0.0001196563,0.00007491573,0.0001344538,0.00009564783,0.0006442457,0.00001170615,0.000194457,0.000001847912],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005085252,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007770718,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000001658942,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000102012,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988946,0.00003031299,0.0004030691,0.00008603463,0.0004009772,0.0001850339],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990839,0.00004956606,0.0001313885,0.0001236334,0.0005483027,0.00006320479],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001839632,0.000554711,0.06377243,0.001296127,0.005542493,0.00004489176,0.03482722,0.2926184,0.4912476,0.01100507,0.004003682,0.09324779],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00118237,0.0005001985,0.001693144,0.0008845306,0.000109424,0.000007752858,0.0005030468,0.001840968,0.9869711,0.00548621,0.0005298629,0.0002914404],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.2656729,0.0009570633,0.7304357,0.0001711511,0.0002367823,0.0001321013,0.00003442787,0.00004475583,0.002315093],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9970886,0.0002795077,0.002459267,0.000005160989,0.00009782384,0.000003022456,6.900053e-7,0.00002269662,0.00004325178],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7314157,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.487944,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W783215554","doi":"10.1016/j.enbuild.2015.06.073","title":"Measuring solar reflectance of variegated flat roofing materials using quasi-Monte Carlo method","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Energy and Buildings","topic":"Radiative Heat Transfer Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Monte Carlo method; Reflectivity; Sample (material); Roof; Range (aeronautics); Statistics; Optics; Environmental science; Mathematics; Remote sensing; Materials science; Physics; Engineering; Geography","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05052865582621153,"gpt":0.261642979931111,"spread":0.2111143241048994,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004031316,0.0001923977,0.0003773035,0.0001003071,0.00008330263,0.00003028774,0.0000889577,0.00008776894,0.0000035678],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005894611,0.0001899477,0.00003412131,0.0001987508,0.00004096089,0.0002066072,0.00003083617,0.00007177544,3.34775e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007351038,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001752609,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004311328,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007291856,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990383,0.00007028241,0.0002779903,0.0001984852,0.0001563367,0.0002585549],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996125,0.00005889232,0.00004030945,0.0001242583,0.00008165046,0.00008235134],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004135724,0.000009127836,0.0004146978,0.0001125148,0.000188496,0.000009244999,0.001966671,0.03454572,0.9588152,0.002008793,0.00005423094,0.00183396],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004409743,0.00005312658,0.0002119812,0.0001505456,0.00005770105,0.0000168937,0.0001148856,0.02334776,0.9733588,0.0004610299,0.001509871,0.0002764032],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8769161,0.003965849,0.1179899,0.00002010319,0.0003318805,0.00004493998,0.000006973911,0.0001385244,0.0005857116],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.978638,0.0002105557,0.02098066,0.00001661897,0.00008485736,0.000006680144,7.773688e-7,0.00003881433,0.00002302724],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1017219,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7745844,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3130992236","doi":"10.1007/s10973-020-10263-3","title":"The influence of heat transfer due to radiation heat transfer from a combustion chamber","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry","topic":"Radiative Heat Transfer Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Royal Military College of Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Combustion; Heat transfer; Combustion chamber; Thermodynamics; Mechanics; Thermal science; Arrhenius equation; Turbulence; Chemistry; Materials science; Heat flux; Critical heat flux; Physics; Activation energy","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.007026882132965995,"gpt":0.2152522951949951,"spread":0.2082254130620292,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002653537,0.0001515879,0.0005216576,0.0001813075,0.00009942596,0.00003684662,0.00008753489,0.00006466053,0.00003776507],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000230434,0.0001045562,0.0003204028,0.0008363098,0.00004568069,0.0001620047,0.000007088457,0.0002077576,0.000001650592],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004641197,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002067422,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001427368,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001566507,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987965,0.0001018821,0.0005235701,0.0001162679,0.0002997383,0.0001620343],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993493,0.000198168,0.000006267399,0.0001412217,0.0001965941,0.000108467],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001951224,0.00008648826,0.03058918,0.00005362723,0.00664811,0.00006119364,0.003023268,0.60078,0.3500391,0.00009651019,0.00006732136,0.008360017],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006662731,0.0001053985,0.8467719,0.00005205054,0.001805918,0.00001551773,0.0003426218,0.004586628,0.1450121,0.00002722513,0.0004289759,0.0001853483],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9692577,0.007627952,0.02245488,0.0003835251,0.0001279062,0.00005254394,0.00003023281,0.000008846343,0.00005648506],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9976066,0.002101721,0.00006777945,0.00007940227,0.0001189881,0.000002338149,0.00000327749,0.00001335166,0.000006565323],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8161827,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4263676,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2047858169","doi":"10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2006.06.001","title":"Analyse comparative des méthodes de calcul des facteurs de formes pour des surfaces à contours rectilignes","year":2006,"lang":"fr","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Thermal Sciences","topic":"Radiative Heat Transfer Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue","funders":"","keywords":"Physics; Radiative transfer; Optics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.08453100042173131,"gpt":0.3596690610532812,"spread":0.2751380606315499,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001741948,0.0003110329,0.0004536428,0.0003325353,0.0004540564,0.0003723583,0.0008658482,0.00009012725,0.0001663604],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002404793,0.0002560046,0.0003005383,0.000380262,0.002679507,0.001485969,0.0000446427,0.0002713504,0.00001152144],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009937617,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003279531,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006408595,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004615149,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9973822,0.0004262133,0.0006643359,0.0002017424,0.0006712157,0.0006543536],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.997842,0.0009412657,0.0002195039,0.00006245384,0.0007632807,0.0001715487],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009148988,0.0001752414,0.5216015,0.00004879107,0.0006577407,0.0001101848,0.01075175,0.3971598,0.05153894,0.001902843,0.0003826687,0.01557908],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005858291,0.0002761605,0.8558785,0.0005700869,0.0001430733,0.000393883,0.007372609,0.01329456,0.09666351,0.02417431,0.0003316631,0.0003157886],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9305147,0.03281903,0.02956052,0.000901159,0.0008753633,0.00007830009,0.00004536423,0.00002942284,0.005176128],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9569949,0.002339091,0.03972245,0.00003264469,0.0005501198,0.000003861219,7.489821e-7,0.00001706242,0.0003391174],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3838652,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999892,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2018846067","doi":"10.1080/10407782.2011.616777","title":"Prediction of the Bank Formation in High Temperature Furnaces by a Sequential Inverse Analysis with Overlaps","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Numerical Heat Transfer Part A Applications","topic":"Radiative Heat Transfer Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"","keywords":"Inverse; Inertia; Conjugate gradient method; Phase (matter); Simple (philosophy); Feature (linguistics); Temperature gradient; Inverse problem; Thermal; Control theory (sociology); Phase change; Computer science; Algorithm; Materials science; Mathematics; Physics; Mathematical analysis; Meteorology; Thermodynamics; Artificial intelligence; Geometry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01717905098622234,"gpt":0.1994595478185978,"spread":0.1822804968323755,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00005845298,0.000177172,0.0002827896,0.0001253639,0.0001178541,0.00001273964,0.0001520788,0.00009225337,0.00006062302],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000001413669,0.0001292485,0.0001131023,0.001650215,0.0001336075,0.0002102925,0.000005583773,0.0002241303,0.000005079792],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008510757,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001647241,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000191574,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005791469,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989756,0.00005209397,0.0003521777,0.0001978708,0.0002145854,0.0002076962],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995826,0.00002625597,0.000005692444,0.0002734895,0.00005018591,0.00006171135],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001016782,0.003472409,0.3696129,0.001639502,0.008760529,0.00001038475,0.05242107,0.119957,0.4055174,0.02017082,0.01321663,0.004204563],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004531142,0.0006564505,0.4566565,0.0001842773,0.003324376,0.00001883057,0.001384902,0.04304833,0.4732021,0.0005040647,0.01522343,0.001265567],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8168035,0.000283296,0.1795975,0.0002051001,0.00007832446,0.001127008,0.0006299876,0.0001801813,0.001095125],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986135,0.0001608999,0.000260373,0.00003324942,0.00002473799,0.0007999719,0.00007916698,0.00002011806,0.000007931132],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1818101,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.52706,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1987114703","doi":"10.1007/s11663-005-0060-x","title":"Measurement of magnitude and direction of velocity in high-temperature liquid metals. Part I: Mathematical modeling","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B","topic":"Radiative Heat Transfer Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Enthalpy of fusion; SPHERES; Latent heat; Thermodynamics; Fusion; Enclosure; Liquid metal; Mechanics; Materials science; Enthalpy; Range (aeronautics); Melting point; Physics; Metallurgy; Computer science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01872537732958137,"gpt":0.2120951152167672,"spread":0.1933697378871858,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003211243,0.0001329261,0.0004470578,0.00007191009,0.000035266,0.00001394646,0.00003023587,0.00007783296,0.0002472796],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000007463477,0.000117934,0.00004085745,0.00009254544,0.00005930801,0.000121979,0.00000348492,0.00007806973,0.000001931814],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002232442,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000005443802,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003773869,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001029562,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999102,0.00005173263,0.0004212573,0.0001372907,0.0001611589,0.0001265859],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998077,0.00001879264,0.00001474901,0.00006722187,0.00004735813,0.00004419921],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003905033,0.0005552662,0.000001697223,0.002197983,0.0007138341,0.000005306166,0.001003073,0.2113849,0.7796898,0.001427681,0.000005190875,0.002624663],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002567981,0.0003589704,0.001828778,0.0005278755,0.0006075764,0.00004624296,0.0001559595,0.0618,0.9302934,0.0004230562,0.0007717218,0.0006183927],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.94279,0.001450974,0.05526423,0.00008086533,0.00007840315,0.0001693063,0.00002871368,0.00004307294,0.00009439251],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9967336,0.001703409,0.001464527,0.000002799853,0.00002384735,0.00004357914,0.000001638901,0.00001298426,0.00001359688],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1506036,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.480921,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2066068628","doi":"10.1007/s11663-012-9751-2","title":"A Study of Scrap Heating By Burners. Part I: Experiments","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B","topic":"Radiative Heat Transfer Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McMaster University; McMaster University Medical Centre","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; ArcelorMittal","keywords":"Scrap; Combustor; Propane; Combustion; Materials science; Measure (data warehouse); Nuclear engineering; Metallurgy; Heat transfer; Stove; Waste management; Mechanics; Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02943683527060205,"gpt":0.2529525101303741,"spread":0.2235156748597721,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001260696,0.0001336062,0.0003046556,0.00003429245,0.00008793602,0.0000213349,0.00003949767,0.00003983432,0.0004564648],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000001617707,0.0001205026,0.00003295953,0.0000799203,0.00004090922,0.0001659093,0.000003208735,0.00004990313,0.000006241827],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001072689,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000001434265,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000796558,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000006316993,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992341,0.0000528245,0.0002803585,0.0001085109,0.0001105973,0.0002135435],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997883,0.00002517005,0.00001150303,0.00007945772,0.00001143213,0.00008413236],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000204542,0.00768904,0.0006854223,0.0009385505,0.004429025,0.00002310509,0.04683354,0.007832794,0.9245184,0.0004703615,0.0007780086,0.005597199],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.009051399,0.001054987,0.02148264,0.0001753596,0.001264156,0.00009704498,0.01907154,0.001294002,0.9206518,0.00005623789,0.02403534,0.001765519],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9742433,0.001648006,0.02298856,0.00000963186,0.0003915661,0.0002230327,0.00003645459,0.00009351813,0.000365895],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992415,0.0003339491,0.0001721109,0.000005823286,0.00004129139,0.0001184022,0.000003566915,0.00001818876,0.00006522014],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.027762,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.499797,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2139754501","doi":"10.1023/a:1026328920674","title":"Level Set Curve Matching and Particle Image Velocimetry for Resolving Chemistry and Turbulence Interactions in Propagating Flames","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Mathematical Imaging and Vision","topic":"Radiative Heat Transfer Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Particle image velocimetry; Turbulence; Vector field; Planar laser-induced fluorescence; Diffusion flame; Combustion; Image processing; Mechanics; Computation; Chemistry; Physics; Algorithm; Image (mathematics); Optics; Computer science; Laser-induced fluorescence; Computer vision; Laser; Combustor","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02454573934326763,"gpt":0.3181278833553183,"spread":0.2935821440120507,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005137001,0.00009324587,0.0001947091,0.00003137626,0.00007472863,0.00007491423,0.00002676439,0.00001427343,0.000002839738],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003928495,0.00007669894,0.00002255853,0.00005219096,0.00004641229,0.0002522319,0.00001439478,0.000180236,2.11978e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002167336,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006349911,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":8.641938e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":6.067839e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993767,0.00002413991,0.0003014363,0.000084657,0.0000801358,0.0001330021],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999424,0.0004026241,0.00003488892,0.0000412388,0.00003972401,0.00005745778],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001057612,0.0002558473,0.02292146,0.007818129,0.000217281,0.0001081393,0.02920385,0.0007925223,0.8684548,0.002084121,0.0005652803,0.06747279],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004197531,0.0001814925,0.03134025,0.007978841,0.0001799926,0.001902336,0.01718913,0.6937858,0.1857065,0.05637088,0.0002722558,0.0008950492],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9208054,0.001541621,0.07719477,0.0002036633,0.00003388643,0.00006915544,0.000002389709,0.00001163246,0.000137505],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9631365,0.0001830868,0.03662709,0.000008849275,0.00002172845,0.000003034369,1.276938e-7,0.00001261179,0.000006979301],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6929933,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3127692,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1997296902","doi":"10.1115/1.2966417","title":"Radiation Benchmarking in a Model Combustor","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power","topic":"Radiative Heat Transfer Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada","funders":"National Research Council Canada","keywords":"Combustor; Heat transfer; Mechanics; Radiation; Turbulence; Thermal radiation; Materials science; Heat flux; Combustion; Physics; Thermodynamics; Optics; Chemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0111185496915087,"gpt":0.2030742081423158,"spread":0.1919556584508071,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001040031,0.000113636,0.0002186187,0.000180847,0.00002689888,0.000007708556,0.00004548231,0.00004213315,0.000002270544],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002657998,0.0001036689,0.00006297306,0.00008823262,0.00001092628,0.0001539767,0.000003975861,0.0001275634,1.623433e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000477245,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001013982,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00000122163,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000139254,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994544,0.000002867444,0.0002587613,0.00005382834,0.00007924218,0.0001508358],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997783,0.00006654234,0.00002086134,0.00004133481,0.00004341789,0.00004951285],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001824766,0.00001212567,0.002544955,0.00007471473,0.00005049599,0.00001180195,0.001244517,0.9925944,0.001669522,0.0001766715,0.000919584,0.0006829786],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00113216,0.0001440734,0.02835483,0.000101613,0.00001842834,0.0001159543,0.00002257411,0.9648933,0.0006314477,0.00006262564,0.00432414,0.0001988651],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9472141,0.005238219,0.04672027,0.00007231692,0.0005301927,0.00009359059,0.000005253851,0.00002591104,0.0001002015],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9934794,0.001628865,0.004711236,0.00001257691,0.0001301926,0.000005209829,7.110731e-7,0.0000226042,0.000009174688],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.04626538,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4227493,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2089078994","doi":"10.1115/1.2967495","title":"High Temperature Radiation Heat Transfer Performance of Thermal Barrier Coatings With Multiple Layered Structures","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power","topic":"Radiative Heat Transfer Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"","keywords":"Thermal barrier coating; Materials science; Coating; Heat transfer; Ceramic; Optoelectronics; Thermal conductivity; Thermal conduction; Thermal radiation; Stack (abstract data type); Composite material; Optics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.004874946627432349,"gpt":0.1753364597430351,"spread":0.1704615131156027,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006474273,0.0001868065,0.0003287399,0.0001078328,0.00005635367,0.00001047386,0.00006438211,0.00006850479,0.000008366555],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001868005,0.0001329446,0.00007544832,0.00009227312,0.00003291582,0.0001997151,0.000002761191,0.0001759389,8.412083e-8],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001955257,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001397887,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000003361136,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001877488,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993209,0.000005219552,0.0002901334,0.00007440253,0.0001392348,0.0001700968],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996488,0.00007840781,0.00001444617,0.0000681712,0.0001239423,0.00006625266],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002645137,0.00001500207,0.01146811,0.0003394601,0.0002627865,0.000008042114,0.002313844,0.6638897,0.3209164,0.00003815994,0.0002340528,0.0002498861],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.006298979,0.002057647,0.3100483,0.0003872066,0.0001516507,0.0004959405,0.0001479584,0.02870344,0.6482224,0.000008140343,0.002737011,0.0007413501],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9965572,0.001803074,0.001112223,0.00003613691,0.0002859967,0.0001329682,0.00003821445,0.00002655585,0.000007602428],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9972174,0.0005198502,0.002052012,0.00001100882,0.0001482535,0.000005687293,0.000003131913,0.00003780864,0.000004885541],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6351863,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5421321,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2062847637","doi":"10.2514/1.9159","title":"Accelerated Solution of the Radiation-Transfer Equation with Strong Scattering","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Thermophysics and Heat Transfer","topic":"Radiative Heat Transfer Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Natural Resources Canada; University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Heat transfer; Scattering; Mechanics; Radiation; Materials science; Thermal radiation; Physics; Thermodynamics; Optics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02183327136905077,"gpt":0.2163744052471375,"spread":0.1945411338780867,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009459658,0.0001444888,0.0002440342,0.00005828547,0.00009699523,0.00002177881,0.000097066,0.00004230446,0.000005257397],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000001310809,0.00009382431,0.00009497482,0.0001791655,0.00007753554,0.0002641505,0.000002875268,0.0001945902,4.275923e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006800839,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004103839,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002105638,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001633394,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992312,0.00002322709,0.0003060125,0.00007294033,0.0002201078,0.0001465248],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997373,0.00002585173,0.000006792653,0.00008914473,0.00009927287,0.00004169457],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001377896,0.00009400981,0.002665635,0.0002085812,0.0005647289,0.000002593304,0.005696273,0.232068,0.7483327,0.003796954,0.000008207079,0.006424516],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005819915,0.0006365947,0.2190522,0.0007155364,0.0004624816,0.00004323486,0.0003987856,0.005625911,0.7652069,0.001452638,0.00009391588,0.0004918583],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8683777,0.0007020324,0.1301294,0.000351475,0.0001324483,0.0001347845,0.000008773824,0.00001263965,0.0001507232],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991841,0.0005803886,0.00008743878,0.00002389594,0.00009347423,0.000003519789,7.966352e-7,0.00002541455,9.320232e-7],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2264421,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3826044,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2922432386","doi":"10.3390/en12060980","title":"The Influence of Surface Radiation on the Passive Cooling of a Heat-Generating Element","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Energies","topic":"Radiative Heat Transfer Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Nusselt number; Mechanics; Emissivity; Heat transfer; Thermal radiation; Passive cooling; Rayleigh number; Convection; Convective heat transfer; Stream function; Reynolds number; Natural convection; Thermodynamics; Physics; Vorticity; Optics; Turbulence","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.006431164351118049,"gpt":0.2040405386341503,"spread":0.1976093742830322,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001409241,0.00008808658,0.0001251689,0.00001715546,0.00008386085,0.00001065725,0.000110399,0.00001868269,0.000004434311],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004198779,0.00005209981,0.00003438692,0.0001041057,0.00004683561,0.00004821727,0.00001268874,0.00006912176,0.000003674155],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003055522,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001162151,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004910157,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002463643,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994138,0.00004112598,0.0001993827,0.00007059206,0.0001516926,0.0001234348],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992356,0.0005121707,0.00002221617,0.0001730847,0.00004777673,0.000009151641],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005335283,0.000003074211,0.001537987,0.00002284541,0.00005564951,8.198113e-8,0.001303843,0.9300259,0.06295488,0.003525652,0.00009275378,0.0004720328],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003341762,0.0001285161,0.05926734,0.0001321335,0.00002021438,3.155117e-7,0.002125152,0.1088877,0.8272357,0.00007482863,0.001616013,0.0001778357],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9976937,0.001295432,0.00007957217,0.0001535807,0.0001233168,0.0001427191,0.000006683473,0.00002846344,0.0004765082],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990979,0.0007262564,0.00008184581,0.00002014809,0.00002263638,0.00001508534,8.351249e-7,0.00001101698,0.00002429742],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8211381,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2124569,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3006547717","doi":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2020.106906","title":"Pressure effects on radiative heat transfer in sooting turbulent diffusion flames","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer","topic":"Radiative Heat Transfer Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Soot; Radiative transfer; Turbulent diffusion; Combustion; Turbulence; Radiant energy; Diffusion flame; Chemistry; Heat transfer; Thermodynamics; Thermal radiation; Flame structure; Atmospheric pressure; Mechanics; Materials science; Radiation; Meteorology; Combustor; Physics; Optics; Physical chemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01558185018864824,"gpt":0.2534751923686934,"spread":0.2378933421800452,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003394469,0.000581519,0.001159193,0.0003836695,0.0001493562,0.00005425519,0.0002045868,0.0001535456,0.00003800936],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008569908,0.0004724879,0.000278806,0.0005488323,0.0002044722,0.0005055286,0.000007707105,0.00110879,0.000008678927],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001397796,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005453006,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009788991,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002363482,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9973342,0.0004021993,0.0008354803,0.0003930461,0.0004794635,0.0005556016],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998397,0.001042351,0.00002210247,0.0001008594,0.0001170531,0.0003206442],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.005314123,0.0006588979,0.01560991,0.002638906,0.003666098,0.0008513798,0.2316501,0.1079208,0.6071313,0.02077139,0.001061299,0.002725853],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01590485,0.01298026,0.2194103,0.001763997,0.0007353568,0.00005257755,0.005932915,0.06310343,0.6747907,0.000799497,0.002702741,0.001823385],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9225747,0.01757261,0.05491956,0.003168777,0.0003080578,0.0007568749,0.00005455357,0.0000779726,0.0005669188],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9910085,0.007112236,0.001031699,0.0004813424,0.0002593053,0.00002199749,0.000002706738,0.00007823297,0.000004023771],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2257172,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997727,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2014800092","doi":"10.2514/2.6607","title":"Integral Form of the Radiative Transfer Equation Inside Refractive Cylindrical Media","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Thermophysics and Heat Transfer","topic":"Radiative Heat Transfer Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Chicoutimi","funders":"","keywords":"Radiative transfer; Specular reflection; Refractive index; Integral equation; Physics; Optics; Ray tracing (physics); Scattering; Boundary value problem; Geometrical optics; Mechanics; Computational physics; Mathematical analysis; Mathematics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02257480142428263,"gpt":0.2266294851542142,"spread":0.2040546837299315,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001782036,0.0002156912,0.0004682604,0.00009233815,0.00008099157,0.00001580814,0.0001618435,0.00009107209,0.00001715183],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001526727,0.0001376154,0.0002712463,0.0002634242,0.0001437983,0.0003146681,0.000005741575,0.000488464,0.000001053007],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008252004,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004083781,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000177406,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003680259,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987829,0.00006893367,0.0005006647,0.0001043181,0.0003334521,0.0002097385],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993674,0.0002552555,0.00001008763,0.0001200675,0.0001623107,0.00008485124],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002951213,0.001321826,0.01612055,0.0006642774,0.005766678,0.000117265,0.2556445,0.03096449,0.4597183,0.05085239,0.0003769663,0.1755016],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01076911,0.001888851,0.5892388,0.001007788,0.001471273,0.0002245173,0.005079433,0.02668218,0.3178307,0.04216637,0.002193328,0.001447603],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9488109,0.00115293,0.04750637,0.0004948714,0.0003626051,0.0001824124,0.00002469517,0.00001410417,0.001451052],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9966653,0.002940818,0.00007252036,0.00006485722,0.0002142739,0.000005193768,9.236368e-7,0.0000323768,0.000003711266],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5731183,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5611793,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1988861728","doi":"10.1002/app.29356","title":"Finite difference solution for radiative–conductive heat transfer of a semitransparent polycarbonate layer","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","topic":"Radiative Heat Transfer Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"Thermal conduction; Materials science; Polycarbonate; Radiative transfer; Heat transfer; Thermal radiation; Transient (computer programming); Thermal conductivity; Electrical conductor; Heat flux; Radiative flux; Thermal; Composite material; Layer (electronics); Mechanics; Thermodynamics; Optics; Physics; Computer science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02180387424604207,"gpt":0.2472714634419889,"spread":0.2254675891959468,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003063825,0.000214044,0.0004389301,0.0003263636,0.0001229608,0.00002331084,0.0003670118,0.00005351652,0.000005580465],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00000632302,0.0001794418,0.0001532006,0.0005635249,0.0003437196,0.0002796093,0.000005907451,0.0002148177,7.228102e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001135251,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001190365,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000003655819,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002070897,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998409,0.00001169647,0.0005157461,0.0001926921,0.0004673426,0.0004035288],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994038,0.0001280846,0.0000302653,0.0001410338,0.0001511452,0.0001456255],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001727492,0.00006438184,0.00006294216,0.00002788118,0.0001104556,0.000001885937,0.004198806,0.003699099,0.9808757,0.002747465,0.0000200437,0.008018601],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001064507,0.000379322,0.009351471,0.00005533997,0.0001044542,0.000008431811,0.0001468441,0.01381807,0.9742021,0.0006171783,0.00003477202,0.0002174983],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8286124,0.005031675,0.1625079,0.0004670014,0.0004704982,0.0003829659,0.00005779772,0.00004400184,0.002425766],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986113,0.0003227431,0.0008874148,0.00007929462,0.00006587556,0.0000113832,5.101016e-7,0.00001351789,0.000007910543],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1699989,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7317426,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1977743554","doi":"10.1002/env.971","title":"Analysis of PM<sub>10</sub> air pollution in Brno based on generalized linear model with strongly rank‐deficient design matrix","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmetrics","topic":"Radiative Heat Transfer Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus; University of British Columbia","funders":"Pacific Institute for the Mathematical Sciences","keywords":"Rank (graph theory); Mathematics; Generalized additive model; Matrix (chemical analysis); Statistics; Air pollution; Generalized linear model; Applied mathematics; Environmental science; Combinatorics; Chemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01656900759391162,"gpt":0.2201918604955183,"spread":0.2036228529016067,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002888117,0.0002653628,0.0005020731,0.001870388,0.00004665009,0.000007104064,0.0001297355,0.0001049686,0.00001362191],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003808214,0.0002489294,0.0001422412,0.003364187,0.00005022156,0.00007297617,0.000006687016,0.0001796828,0.00001106914],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003012951,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001943269,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009039807,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000009570014,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984877,0.00008077365,0.0003651027,0.0002918127,0.0004436055,0.0003310245],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994254,0.0001186139,0.00003858467,0.0003300712,0.00001718693,0.00007020033],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001145284,0.0001487834,0.001243225,0.00001239927,0.0001465674,0.000004853506,0.0001165519,0.9923812,0.004716604,0.00003931181,0.00006301442,0.001012944],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001146658,0.0002455154,0.08099345,0.00001091772,0.0003126666,1.580049e-7,0.00001119679,0.89884,0.01817796,0.000005595958,0.00003038936,0.0002255176],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4523588,0.0005513857,0.5465651,0.00006484112,0.0000162652,0.0002032504,0.00004401234,0.00005620011,0.0001402114],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9882367,0.0003175551,0.01127939,0.00005927063,0.00001519701,0.00001635064,0.00002403765,0.00003185988,0.00001963144],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5358779,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999963,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1986523121","doi":"10.1007/s11663-008-9211-1","title":"Real-Time, Optical Measurement of Gas Temperature and Particle Emissivity in a Full-Scale Steelmaking Furnace","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B","topic":"Radiative Heat Transfer Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Sustainable Development Technology Canada; Ontario Centres of Excellence","keywords":"Emissivity; Steelmaking; Carbon fibers; Process engineering; Particle (ecology); Temperature measurement; Heat transfer; Spectrometer; Methane; Mechanical engineering; Materials science; Nuclear engineering; Environmental science; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Chemistry; Thermodynamics; Metallurgy; Engineering; Physics; Optics; Composite material","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01093573510558209,"gpt":0.2119844327765013,"spread":0.2010486976709192,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002681718,0.0001383989,0.000359375,0.0000358831,0.0000573608,0.00003874522,0.00003401961,0.00007359331,0.0001136394],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000005614285,0.0001241506,0.00003528015,0.0001122459,0.0000573134,0.0001122525,0.000002570691,0.0000879358,0.000002052117],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002461455,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006328453,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002396325,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007848937,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991484,0.00005190724,0.0002862038,0.0001657025,0.0001520406,0.000195723],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99977,0.00002793089,0.00001053338,0.00007821074,0.0000279315,0.00008542703],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005875852,0.00008552796,0.000005454182,0.00008126998,0.00004083354,0.000009241464,0.0002733012,0.001336702,0.9969021,0.0001663703,0.000003844356,0.001036589],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002475849,0.0004328301,0.09617283,0.0002776557,0.0002533968,0.00009839203,0.0002014584,0.006302073,0.892354,0.0002275536,0.0006096212,0.000594332],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9927906,0.0005230054,0.005740292,0.0002299336,0.00006776641,0.0001678284,0.00001481742,0.0000691867,0.0003965219],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9977422,0.001324926,0.0008497267,0.000006027801,0.00001804542,0.00001730721,8.560575e-7,0.000009778982,0.00003117367],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1045481,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5062716,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4364379375","doi":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2023.124160","title":"A Full-Spectrum Correlated K-distribution Based Interpolation Weighted-Sum-of-Gray-Gases model for CO2-H2O-soot mixture","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer","topic":"Radiative Heat Transfer Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada","funders":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Soot; Superposition principle; Interpolation (computer graphics); Radiative transfer; Linear interpolation; Materials science; Methane; Combustion; Computer science; Mathematics; Physics; Mathematical analysis; Chemistry; Optics; Physical chemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01303315096355652,"gpt":0.2419827741636838,"spread":0.2289496232001272,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001659488,0.0001771788,0.0002850951,0.0002734116,0.00004900372,0.00002950602,0.0001437518,0.00009867709,0.00002124259],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001963179,0.0001572548,0.0001836629,0.0001597122,0.00005283678,0.0002110009,0.000004736087,0.0001960162,0.000001794371],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008469281,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004270186,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000005171602,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003058512,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988624,0.00002249228,0.0005032225,0.0001167099,0.0003097796,0.0001853433],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993932,0.0001570845,0.00002059179,0.00005770173,0.0003009294,0.00007053985],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.007751592,0.0005254861,0.01373437,0.001079728,0.005339562,0.0001836881,0.006557921,0.5887245,0.3231618,0.01902626,0.0255213,0.008393794],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002133094,0.0002602072,0.001879908,0.0002210156,0.0001070517,0.00002463754,0.00006883815,0.9779746,0.01398857,0.001751189,0.001420052,0.000170817],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3216614,0.0006876497,0.6749851,0.001023882,0.000869214,0.0001646258,0.000484964,0.0000618711,0.00006135568],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982672,0.0008140655,0.0005507282,0.00003295667,0.000127663,0.00001443601,0.0001477149,0.00002648701,0.00001869802],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6766059,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6412666,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4210298939","doi":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2022.122604","title":"An Improved nongray-wall emissivity-absorptivity model for the Full-Spectrum Correlated K-distribution method","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer","topic":"Radiative Heat Transfer Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Emissivity; Molar absorptivity; Black-body radiation; Radiative transfer; Materials science; Thermal radiation; Planck's law; Radiative equilibrium; Heat transfer; Thermodynamics; Mechanics; Physics; Optics; Radiation","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0132727770489398,"gpt":0.2635322989416309,"spread":0.2502595218926911,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005548635,0.0001549775,0.0002175171,0.00008257999,0.0002052488,0.00004778784,0.000267145,0.0000431644,0.00003252439],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001131524,0.0001219714,0.0001547399,0.00007309941,0.0000373492,0.0001760082,0.00001034331,0.0003975915,2.297979e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001709447,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004150762,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001576792,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003860448,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989792,0.00006692038,0.0003336629,0.0001260925,0.0003091921,0.0001848927],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994423,0.0002265221,0.00001444194,0.00008242286,0.0001584788,0.00007584484],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001057347,0.0001514657,0.0004071383,0.00003168989,0.001115723,0.00001798636,0.001935433,0.8693938,0.1173554,0.002065011,0.0005781366,0.005890808],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001425302,0.0002775161,0.000985337,0.000009421068,0.0001068224,0.00009856072,0.0001315597,0.9903787,0.00314749,0.001325627,0.00197374,0.0001399529],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1058566,0.001175453,0.8890893,0.00246113,0.000789895,0.0002128612,0.0003513906,0.00003411831,0.00002933876],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9980775,0.0005068599,0.001079355,0.00009158711,0.0001290029,0.00004644817,0.00002428671,0.00002377216,0.0000211653],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.892221,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4973851,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1982030808","doi":"10.1080/07373937.2010.482708","title":"Dynamic Optimization of a Radiation Paint Cure Oven Using the Nominal Cure Point Criterion","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Drying Technology","topic":"Radiative Heat Transfer Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Curing (chemistry); Thermal; Point (geometry); Computer science; Thermal radiation; Radiation; Mathematical optimization; Materials science; Mathematics; Composite material; Physics; Optics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.00658892248882604,"gpt":0.235488366015234,"spread":0.228899443526408,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001415795,0.0001310855,0.0001745558,0.000237275,0.0001031812,0.0000113229,0.0001706727,0.0001941178,0.00001515019],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000570648,0.0001129141,0.00004163098,0.0003367655,0.0001375456,0.00008875268,0.00003101753,0.0003736992,0.000001819778],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007150983,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001341437,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001454791,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003958695,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993582,0.00001913078,0.0002158719,0.0001394761,0.00007800295,0.0001892641],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996016,0.0000409959,0.00003429814,0.0002609504,0.00004724701,0.0000149262],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001706509,0.00004698911,0.003635427,0.0001835932,0.0001560353,0.000006906372,0.002805864,0.427194,0.522025,0.008722317,0.0001384425,0.03506828],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002479509,0.00003824266,0.001098931,0.00003714831,0.00003514936,0.00002187261,0.000337268,0.9788331,0.01795817,0.0007988909,0.0004448049,0.0001484207],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7227572,0.0008121094,0.2737814,0.001449544,0.0004442069,0.0002485977,0.00001072316,0.0004111836,0.0000849987],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9836084,0.000202782,0.01608743,0.00001444384,0.00002662752,0.00002408036,0.000006239539,0.00002832241,0.000001709679],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5516391,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4604502,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2799273171","doi":"10.1115/1.4039990","title":"Numerically Optimizing the Distribution of the Infrared Radiative Energy on a Surface of a Thermoplastic Sheet Surface","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Heat Transfer","topic":"Radiative Heat Transfer Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue; Université du Québec à Chicoutimi","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Simulated annealing; Harmony search; Discretization; Infrared; Mathematical optimization; Surface (topology); Integer programming; Algorithm; Computer science; Materials science; Mathematics; Physics; Mathematical analysis; Optics; Geometry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.009096127960973813,"gpt":0.2061723855192388,"spread":0.197076257558265,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002964084,0.0002130756,0.000462279,0.00003613579,0.000111877,0.00001209235,0.0003222881,0.00006550223,0.00003246501],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000048576,0.0001182265,0.0002649027,0.0003930073,0.0003145355,0.0001203563,0.00001008942,0.0002997223,0.000001284176],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001072616,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007014887,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002480846,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000158981,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984213,0.0001899122,0.0006256931,0.0001026169,0.0004193565,0.0002410867],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989185,0.0005101108,0.00002661093,0.000213987,0.0002721136,0.000058687],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005427614,0.0001627711,0.00144368,0.00009984645,0.0009316715,0.000005635118,0.007529927,0.9075934,0.07887404,0.001040975,0.001267184,0.0005081337],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004591569,0.003232849,0.1178878,0.001199408,0.0006727557,0.00008919039,0.001550684,0.08739243,0.7790005,0.0004690781,0.003203181,0.0007106242],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8883681,0.001200617,0.1081329,0.0005061724,0.0004761968,0.000154668,0.00009329005,0.00001768649,0.001050332],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990971,0.0005599269,0.0001596882,0.0000567577,0.00008451499,0.000001720805,0.00000103418,0.0000284875,0.0000107375],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8202009,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4821135,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1542845614","doi":"","title":"Exergy-based analysis and efficiency evaluation for an aluminum melting furnace in a die-casting plant","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Conference on Energy & Environment","topic":"Radiative Heat Transfer Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"BC Hydro (Canada); Ontario Tech University","funders":"","keywords":"Exergy; Exergy efficiency; Process engineering; Casting; Combustor; Environmental science; Die casting; Efficient energy use; Energy consumption; Natural gas; Waste management; Engineering; Metallurgy; Materials science; Combustion; Chemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04377576222242761,"gpt":0.2717521603856266,"spread":0.227976398163199,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002563413,0.000161707,0.0001772333,0.0002710204,0.0000510093,0.0000321845,0.000114269,0.00004148734,0.00005328051],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001917301,0.0001663918,0.00004960097,0.00007669089,0.00002721757,0.00009527479,0.00000644179,0.00006851253,0.00000116764],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001962622,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001217814,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006546637,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004079379,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989109,0.000039958,0.0002448607,0.0002836332,0.0003396258,0.0001810424],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997081,0.0000761245,0.0000309994,0.0001108031,0.00002370091,0.000050242],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004465694,0.0001109874,0.002770229,0.000005320249,0.0001542862,0.000003715731,0.0004656352,0.904822,0.005777593,0.003868992,0.000003059853,0.0819735],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005409888,0.0001490118,0.09132927,0.00002960899,0.00006260745,4.376173e-7,0.00009360754,0.9038615,0.003357227,0.0002979299,0.0001214111,0.0001563815],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8238092,0.0002618422,0.1712475,0.000443053,0.0001350441,0.0002291992,0.00006244585,0.00005707664,0.003754655],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984167,0.0001847241,0.001089983,0.00006880087,0.00003894639,0.00007453319,0.0001069425,0.000008887491,0.00001049668],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1746075,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.678526,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2906249066","doi":"10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.941.2278","title":"A Numerical Thermal Analysis of the Heating Process of Large Size Forged Ingots","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Materials science forum","topic":"Radiative Heat Transfer Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Cégep de Sorel-Tracy; École de Technologie Supérieure","funders":"","keywords":"Computational fluid dynamics; Materials science; Turbulence; Heat transfer; Mechanics; Combustion; Fluent; Ingot; Mechanical engineering; Thermal; Thermodynamics; Metallurgy; Engineering; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.007872279849757101,"gpt":0.2607508408122265,"spread":0.2528785609624695,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004701614,0.00009422994,0.0002928904,0.0001001352,0.0001852956,0.00002090621,0.0003558226,0.00002309117,0.00008951231],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001511022,0.00006227743,0.00005717187,0.001639813,0.0004205065,0.0001526911,0.00005185353,0.00002918915,0.000002044305],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002549811,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000324153,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003803098,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002809063,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989297,0.00002531887,0.0002774158,0.0001411029,0.0002891213,0.0003372947],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995646,0.00004796208,0.0000414654,0.0002034398,0.0001144515,0.00002805622],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008019642,0.00001827974,0.02734092,0.00005264391,0.00008877744,9.34746e-8,0.003068835,0.001842634,0.9672794,0.0002227429,0.000008226909,0.00006944233],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00008667087,0.00003332822,0.1722068,0.0000205812,0.00005147607,2.058795e-7,0.0002868823,0.006299469,0.8209112,0.00003245055,0.000007987374,0.00006294506],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.998016,0.0000210452,0.0007086865,0.00005863796,0.000290671,0.0001251443,0.000043825,0.00003632193,0.0006996521],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997519,0.000001335998,0.0001674334,0.00002807263,0.00002547643,0.00001333222,3.319768e-7,0.000008573546,0.000003577706],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1463682,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.25396,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}