{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":1135,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":1135,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12"},"query_hash":"45cbe4dc5518","filters":{"topic":"Radioactive element chemistry and processing"}},"results":[{"id":"W2163402984","doi":"10.2138/rmg.2002.48.2","title":"Compositions of the Apatite-Group Minerals: Substitution Mechanisms and Controlling Factors","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry","topic":"Radioactive element chemistry and processing","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":801,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Western University; University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Citation; Apatite; Library science; Archaeology; Geology; Geography; Geochemistry; Computer science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0249157563058989,"gpt":0.2485235057152124,"spread":0.2236077494093135,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001793842,0.0001880185,0.0003675216,0.00001712973,0.0001343838,0.00001611752,0.0001218665,0.0001520685,0.0003697572],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001008741,0.0001397767,0.00007378699,0.0001058201,0.0001889328,0.00008227194,0.00003981185,0.0002483901,6.264291e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002365776,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000005852837,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000116676,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000007573663,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990283,0.0000375738,0.0004065636,0.0002597752,0.00008633753,0.0001814508],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999384,0.0001185121,0.000213678,0.0002083617,0.00002437198,0.0000510513],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009748825,0.00006217315,0.00723437,0.0008161571,0.00002038624,0.000001650495,0.0001276417,0.000006757688,0.9899896,0.0003187546,0.00007872364,0.001334008],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001845919,0.00001965381,0.001329922,0.001806326,0.000206897,0.000104587,0.0002048118,0.003010527,0.9748327,0.002150455,0.01392667,0.0005615863],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9649882,0.02879089,0.0001424857,0.0001382511,0.00003308155,0.00009163213,0.00002950662,0.00001131901,0.005774634],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9948023,0.004101764,0.0004300319,0.00004981234,0.00005368659,0.00002295376,0.00004047156,0.000006694497,0.0004922894],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02981409,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5699931,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2064289896","doi":"10.1515/pac-2013-1023","title":"Assessment of international reference materials for isotope-ratio analysis (IUPAC Technical Report)","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Pure and Applied Chemistry","topic":"Radioactive element chemistry and processing","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":687,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Argonne National Laboratory; National Research Council Canada; National Institute of Standards and Technology; U.S. Geological Survey; International Atomic Energy Agency; University of Calgary; U.S. Department of Energy","keywords":"Chemical nomenclature; Natural abundance; Delta; Isotope; Chemistry; Isotope analysis; Stable isotope ratio; Isotope geochemistry; Instrumentation (computer programming); Environmental chemistry; Mineralogy; Earth science; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Radiochemistry; Geology; Nuclear physics; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01250304173734393,"gpt":0.3032505133825979,"spread":0.290747471645254,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003182012,0.0001713277,0.0003375654,0.00001871315,0.00007811995,0.00006129608,0.00021114,0.0001800692,0.001139851],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007289887,0.0001654055,0.000072635,0.00009335073,0.00007510491,0.00004740258,0.00006149454,0.0001339225,2.091735e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004907389,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005201035,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000001838103,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":5.886918e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987288,0.000003317861,0.0004343218,0.0004031557,0.0002630795,0.0001673235],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990695,0.00008336837,0.000360661,0.0003003528,0.0001187058,0.00006741252],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003103654,0.00005555025,0.001268871,0.0004370692,0.000245574,0.000001095452,0.00001063908,0.0000171672,0.9962369,0.0007172319,0.0001586668,0.0008201931],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003636124,0.000003958069,0.0003564368,0.00002566952,0.0002539572,0.00001410024,0.00005638359,0.0001822243,0.9899957,0.0005267736,0.008040207,0.0001809762],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.719968,0.00003695101,0.01201049,0.0001445598,0.00002729455,0.00008686289,0.0003060522,0.00006629327,0.2673536],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9955066,0.00001581606,0.00219119,0.00002153096,0.0002581514,0.0001173939,0.000889499,0.00001268764,0.0009871635],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2755386,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997733,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2040864537","doi":"10.1016/j.carbon.2009.11.050","title":"Standardization of the Boehm titration. Part I. CO2 expulsion and endpoint determination","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Carbon","topic":"Radioactive element chemistry and processing","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":646,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Titration; Redox titration; Chemistry; Gran plot; Titration curve; Sparging; Base (topology); Inorganic chemistry; Mathematics; Organic chemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.007788004037826713,"gpt":0.2291775991574005,"spread":0.2213895951195738,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007378214,0.00006004528,0.00006654791,0.000008294382,0.00006008606,0.00001666939,0.00004690785,0.00004823253,0.00005016423],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004918353,0.00004750168,0.00002029012,0.00005020061,0.00002833208,0.00006540488,0.000008396274,0.00005928489,7.385544e-8],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000329153,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001998131,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":8.45836e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":6.341132e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995623,0.000009738219,0.0001286902,0.0001039238,0.000131897,0.00006341391],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996981,0.00001599959,0.0001057523,0.0001140311,0.00004763814,0.00001850102],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002273637,0.00001579957,0.0009799323,0.00007622477,0.00000394366,5.109065e-7,0.0003041334,0.00003405075,0.9787747,0.00007312131,0.00005389687,0.01966097],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001795372,0.00001010601,0.0007438184,0.00007416769,0.00001485227,0.000002638374,0.00008047042,0.001117271,0.995265,0.0005787848,0.001876125,0.0000572148],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9706475,0.0002363727,0.0005419276,0.0001576876,0.00005080162,0.00003631037,0.000007212951,0.00001669879,0.02830555],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994294,0.00002633066,0.00006548223,0.00002343896,0.00008295265,0.000002252895,0.00001321807,0.000003536206,0.0003533971],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02878195,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1937062,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2013702491","doi":"10.2113/gscanmin.43.6.1839","title":"U6+ MINERALS AND INORGANIC COMPOUNDS: INSIGHTS INTO AN EXPANDED STRUCTURAL HIERARCHY OF CRYSTAL STRUCTURES","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Mineralogist","topic":"Radioactive element chemistry and processing","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":618,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Hierarchy; Crystal (programming language); Crystal structure; Materials science; Chemistry; Crystallography; Mineralogy; Computer science; Political science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01525856626986573,"gpt":0.2530239994421505,"spread":0.2377654331722848,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001004997,0.0002583346,0.0002593629,0.00007546668,0.0004590241,0.0001234157,0.0003789777,0.0001402755,0.0005268027],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000515958,0.0001946758,0.00004578439,0.0001349274,0.0005306266,0.0003521928,0.00003980442,0.0002837026,9.044957e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002502702,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002437188,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.03487483,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.3022762,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987637,0.00004299943,0.0003092126,0.0002777395,0.0001947491,0.0004115715],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998937,0.00005598752,0.0001448315,0.0003730445,0.00007975867,0.000409452],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003883785,0.00001282684,0.004165259,0.0001151579,0.00006734677,0.000006491104,0.004625808,0.0000597823,0.9857427,0.001285514,0.001509417,0.002370783],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002007213,0.00008752688,0.007449556,0.00009558436,0.0001282847,0.0002819036,0.002906321,0.001626317,0.9375374,0.01026051,0.03639882,0.001220585],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9877927,0.001243343,0.00000289537,0.0007022339,0.00004454342,0.00006098851,0.00004546753,0.00002594669,0.01008183],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9974484,0.00001653882,0.000568364,0.0002990472,0.0006205154,0.000006019139,0.000157041,0.00002459816,0.0008594265],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2674013,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.971552,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1966808688","doi":"10.1016/j.oregeorev.2011.11.001","title":"Recent developments in element concentration and isotope ratio analysis of individual fluid inclusions by laser ablation single and multiple collector ICP-MS","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ore Geology Reviews","topic":"Radioactive element chemistry and processing","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":320,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Saint Mary's University","funders":"","keywords":"Fluid inclusions; Inclusion (mineral); Analytical Chemistry (journal); Isotope analysis; Analytical technique; Mass spectrometry; Mineralogy; Laser ablation; Geology; Materials science; Chemistry; Quartz; Laser; Chromatography; Optics; Physics; Metallurgy","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03951181115060407,"gpt":0.2667055541666372,"spread":0.2271937430160332,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003799678,0.0001442498,0.0003915892,0.00004670237,0.0001121299,0.00001264165,0.00008354439,0.0001104633,0.001101453],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001679783,0.0001328153,0.00002930991,0.000355381,0.00008451972,0.0001145609,0.00007997734,0.0000940102,0.000001083273],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006041121,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004187832,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002822857,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001534684,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988161,0.00007733089,0.000550929,0.0002802646,0.0001040902,0.0001712997],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993858,0.00006818202,0.0003107968,0.0001222208,0.00005908636,0.00005386059],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007515869,0.0002258708,0.7512597,0.0001938453,0.0003138604,0.000001594039,0.003074268,0.000007015983,0.2053512,0.00001104175,0.0008236452,0.03866285],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002337692,0.000086896,0.06842652,0.0002258409,0.0008559889,0.000006348288,0.0003884003,0.00145266,0.795404,0.00006856379,0.130234,0.0005131461],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9874148,0.009574462,0.0001535341,0.00005923631,0.000020404,0.0002287483,0.00003368024,0.000008555356,0.002506571],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9885241,0.008602982,0.001869615,0.0001015125,0.00001495456,0.00004672517,0.0006263683,0.000006949922,0.0002067942],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6828331,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998116,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2068137184","doi":"10.1002/anie.200462445","title":"Actinyl Peroxide Nanospheres","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Angewandte Chemie International Edition","topic":"Radioactive element chemistry and processing","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":277,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Windsor","funders":"Argonne National Laboratory; Basic Energy Sciences; University of Notre Dame; U.S. Department of Energy; Office of Science; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Actinide; Uranyl; Peroxide; Polyhedron; Hydrogen peroxide; Chemistry; Inorganic chemistry; Materials science; Nuclear chemistry; Uranium; Organic chemistry; Metallurgy","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01368345862298414,"gpt":0.2642590860493138,"spread":0.2505756274263296,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007075536,0.0001567846,0.0001023557,0.00002251249,0.0001088062,0.00008171763,0.0002426326,0.000110672,0.01614753],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009578634,0.0001635979,0.00008388534,0.00005367855,0.00004876414,0.0005675812,0.00003719652,0.0002002295,0.00009042076],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002244019,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003394986,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008899375,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005063745,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989681,0.00000339543,0.0002174043,0.0002739997,0.0003452669,0.000191886],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994597,0.00006064869,0.0001364294,0.0001398102,0.000130478,0.00007289214],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004974224,0.00008654571,0.0003956157,0.00003399235,0.00006490201,0.000004671852,0.0001198105,0.0000208654,0.9667923,0.00008251648,0.02053498,0.01181406],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003459729,0.000003191125,0.00004746157,0.00005236485,0.00001181534,0.00002076227,0.0001301591,0.00006214003,0.7649181,0.0002141994,0.2340507,0.00014317],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.374021,0.0002828257,0.001383587,0.003526423,0.0006572656,0.00003911419,0.0001031952,0.0002535862,0.619733],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9831718,0.00006925226,0.000770934,0.000316893,0.005606547,0.00002827451,0.000477775,0.00002004833,0.009538434],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6101946,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9847518,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2093808818","doi":"10.1007/s002480000018","title":"Enrichment of Geobacter Species in Response to Stimulation of Fe(III) Reduction in Sandy Aquifer Sediments","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Microbial Ecology","topic":"Radioactive element chemistry and processing","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":271,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"University of Waterloo","keywords":"Geobacter; Shewanella; Environmental chemistry; Aquifer; Biology; Environmental remediation; Deltaproteobacteria; Geobacter sulfurreducens; Bioremediation; Microbial ecology; Microbial population biology; Desulfovibrio; Bacteria; Microbiology; Ecology; 16S ribosomal RNA; Chemistry; Contamination; Geology; Groundwater; Paleontology; Biofilm","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.00995634199658464,"gpt":0.2507468652930313,"spread":0.2407905232964467,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002345293,0.0001016334,0.0002238248,0.00009989665,0.00002065837,0.000004843844,0.00008900409,0.0001256764,0.005240425],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002917308,0.000115134,0.00003060837,0.0001666663,0.0000493671,0.00007282068,0.00002221186,0.0001122435,0.000007309916],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002339681,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005718462,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005480891,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004452856,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990695,0.00005213002,0.0004120305,0.0002093218,0.00006798007,0.0001891081],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996542,0.00006241327,0.0001037031,0.0001216437,0.00003149005,0.00002659656],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.003201418,0.0002415699,0.01730655,0.00005946009,0.00001407256,0.000003618843,0.0009748213,0.001546982,0.974919,0.000001135459,0.0001726789,0.00155866],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00154757,0.00005610911,0.0639108,0.00005729572,0.000007999874,0.000006017094,0.0001371285,0.00002671799,0.9319927,0.00002060442,0.002138278,0.00009874975],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9971597,0.00001530443,0.000003674975,0.0001556334,0.00005906018,0.00008909357,0.00001158962,0.00000640502,0.002499606],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9972867,0.000007779452,0.00015236,0.00003161488,0.00005883095,0.000009400614,0.00003022607,0.000007267763,0.002415851],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.04660425,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9956689,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2147037889","doi":"10.1111/j.1751-908x.2014.00298.x","title":"Combined Separation of Cu, Fe and Zn from Rock Matrices and Improved Analytical Protocols for Stable Isotope Determination","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research","topic":"Radioactive element chemistry and processing","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":250,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Analytical Chemistry (journal); Isotope; Chemistry; Matrix (chemical analysis); Analyte; Reagent; Mass spectrometry; Chromatography; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04446246561897266,"gpt":0.4107828662237851,"spread":0.3663204006048125,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001399834,0.0001534397,0.000339055,0.00007618035,0.0002920206,0.0002369149,0.0001052994,0.0001563473,0.0001518608],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00111295,0.000132977,0.00003916123,0.0001569138,0.0002009642,0.0001968584,0.0001075109,0.0002515335,4.274087e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004834017,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001020702,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007330411,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001575313,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982921,0.00005878781,0.0003433819,0.0004424702,0.0004825952,0.0003805871],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9979727,0.001033354,0.00009341112,0.000188987,0.0005041044,0.000207436],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.01027573,0.000655984,0.05401583,0.008713192,0.0005296707,0.000009422711,0.0008541783,0.00001896378,0.5157421,0.01089106,0.001293525,0.3970004],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004192152,0.0007522092,0.002141019,0.0003346027,0.0001413248,0.000004198972,0.000431232,0.780364,0.178487,0.01748568,0.01528953,0.0003771172],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9718525,0.0003835897,0.01813379,0.0008254588,0.00001084467,0.002490929,0.0004458941,0.00002993818,0.005827084],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9972369,0.00005507206,0.001188727,0.0000137941,0.0001069007,0.0004572349,0.00006089366,0.00001456994,0.0008658838],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.780345,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5422646,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2003684790","doi":"10.1021/ar800271r","title":"Theoretical Actinide Molecular Science","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Accounts of Chemical Research","topic":"Radioactive element chemistry and processing","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":235,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"","keywords":"Actinide; Uranium; Americium; Chemistry; Relativistic quantum chemistry; Computational chemistry; Density functional theory; Scalar (mathematics); Basis set; Quantum chemistry; Molecule; Thermodynamics; Physics; Atomic physics; Mathematics; Inorganic chemistry; Nuclear physics; Organic chemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03143756542322598,"gpt":0.4045671921661936,"spread":0.3731296267429676,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00124318,0.0001268658,0.0001777083,0.00008299329,0.0001342434,0.00008859489,0.001006242,0.0001270346,0.002376305],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002488485,0.0001157568,0.00006089965,0.0006318878,0.001991735,0.000275583,0.0001496391,0.0006675249,0.00001812459],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001410153,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003187765,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000002881828,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.198385e-8,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9969902,0.00001484401,0.0002522258,0.0004288912,0.001641129,0.0006726801],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983796,0.0003323573,0.0000595012,0.000469,0.0005569645,0.0002026092],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009947916,0.0001193605,0.00008390025,0.00005465212,0.000007166054,0.000009499118,0.00005050564,3.799398e-7,0.9604174,0.02405287,0.0001089572,0.01499585],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002292345,0.00001654325,0.00002393362,0.00007138515,0.000004530628,0.000006879884,0.00008352436,0.00009628101,0.9645363,0.03439901,0.0004175973,0.0001147851],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7743555,0.00008967875,0.000009655834,0.0005689475,0.000007798285,0.00002782012,0.000003634603,0.00002262136,0.2249144],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993389,0.00001200395,0.0003784827,0.0000681158,0.0001059672,0.000005212751,0.000005132581,0.0000101618,0.00007598576],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2249835,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9985356,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4311183355","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2022.105534","title":"Uranium in natural waters and the environment: Distribution, speciation and impact","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Geochemistry","topic":"Radioactive element chemistry and processing","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":235,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"U.S. Geological Survey","keywords":"Felsic; Geology; Aquifer; Groundwater; Arid; Geochemistry; Alluvial fan; Structural basin; Volcanic rock; Hydrology (agriculture); Volcano; Sedimentary rock; Geomorphology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.003061742907363748,"gpt":0.1893591467556868,"spread":0.1862974038483231,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002382519,0.0001717902,0.0001605122,0.000008668661,0.0003401977,0.00005098621,0.0001337208,0.00005303466,0.0007627392],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002516391,0.0001392683,0.00003701695,0.00007238363,0.0001855431,0.00005335295,0.0001619894,0.0004415317,0.000001118679],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002021853,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002024668,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001540621,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.512909e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999026,0.00001281721,0.0001941885,0.0003192329,0.0002060808,0.0002417032],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995537,0.00009475244,0.0001075611,0.0001840182,0.000009336112,0.00005065379],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008607116,0.0001039103,0.01527798,0.0002676939,0.0001132835,0.00001097677,0.0009628245,0.0002356104,0.9724854,0.0003116283,0.001029704,0.008340339],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004736021,0.000006178938,0.003836879,0.00001676869,0.00005429678,0.00005417366,0.002471976,0.0006970158,0.9775839,0.0022262,0.007870542,0.0004460314],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9901184,0.0008268153,0.000013106,0.0002549961,0.00001952894,0.00006878096,0.00009936293,0.0000224198,0.008576539],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987475,0.00006340096,0.00001251535,0.00004020211,0.0001098442,0.00008977396,0.0006068911,0.00001041382,0.000319514],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0114411,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8351459,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2909616450","doi":"10.4095/223744","title":"Unconformity-associated uranium deposits of the Athabasca Basin, Saskatchewan and Alberta","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"report","venue":"","topic":"Radioactive element chemistry and processing","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":225,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Natural Resources Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Unconformity; Geology; Uranium ore; Structural basin; Uranium; Mining engineering; Geochemistry; Archaeology; Geomorphology; Geography","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01566716484584513,"gpt":0.2577417374775097,"spread":0.2420745726316646,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005524947,0.0004684469,0.0006555766,0.0000375403,0.0002168125,0.00005996608,0.0004328674,0.0008332224,0.0009203293],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004299572,0.0003409854,0.0002830061,0.000204669,0.000179285,0.0001133498,0.0001814421,0.0008001223,0.000001855016],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003421787,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001273169,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.007361591,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01080706,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9974092,0.00001981629,0.0007372844,0.0004754212,0.0009316907,0.0004266149],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9975525,0.0003579324,0.0009588199,0.0005461348,0.0004592615,0.0001253217],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002747996,0.0007841007,0.7617632,0.0163301,0.00442025,0.00006203552,0.003236777,0.000002337719,0.1118305,0.0000330125,0.04522368,0.05603918],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005542167,0.00001189431,0.003934009,0.001084692,0.0004180728,0.0001444541,0.0007872211,0.000006090345,0.9382746,0.00003489099,0.05418881,0.0005610789],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.2803378,0.0006607357,0.00001678198,0.00007448249,0.0001920685,0.00009087194,0.00006470595,0.00003999926,0.7185226],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8215469,0.000190861,0.0000596629,0.00007072131,0.0002817494,0.000006979312,0.0001783366,0.00005646668,0.1776083],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.826444,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999993,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2036883920","doi":"10.1002/9780470975503.ch1","title":"The Chemistry of Arsenic, Antimony and Bismuth","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"","topic":"Radioactive element chemistry and processing","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":206,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"","keywords":"Chemistry; Antimony; Bismuth; Arsenic; Crystal chemistry; Aqueous solution; Nanotechnology; Computational chemistry; Physical chemistry; Inorganic chemistry; Chemical physics; Crystal structure; Crystallography; Organic chemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.005509306765592865,"gpt":0.2253702481713352,"spread":0.2198609414057424,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007969033,0.0002396311,0.0002427166,0.00001101007,0.00008498368,0.00004130813,0.0002710197,0.0004595227,0.01437943],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004056754,0.0001648776,0.00006291189,0.00004266314,0.0002963007,0.0000181572,0.00006786177,0.0004599045,0.000004310474],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00000754329,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005374405,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002654964,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001073499,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991512,0.000003436495,0.0001997385,0.0002799434,0.000166903,0.0001987974],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999098,0.00008184486,0.0003018494,0.0004313495,0.00002337711,0.00006356195],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001726284,0.00003449817,0.0002754953,0.001492536,0.0001926273,0.000004017134,0.00002665484,3.710891e-8,0.8441865,0.00004257636,0.1354404,0.01828741],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001270553,9.109448e-7,0.000001265831,0.0001032455,0.00002603305,0.000007886169,0.00005598614,0.000006779007,0.478924,0.00004256412,0.5205718,0.0001324597],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.002169242,0.002360892,0.000009802736,0.00006268964,0.00004877704,0.00002817883,0.00004373981,0.00008842885,0.9951882],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.01365567,0.0008438394,0.0002571971,0.00001110046,0.0004254342,0.0000066493,0.00003138927,0.0001816534,0.9845871],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3851314,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9865215,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2050353266","doi":"10.1186/1471-2180-7-16","title":"Importance of c-Type cytochromes for U(VI) reduction by Geobacter sulfurreducens","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"BMC Microbiology","topic":"Radioactive element chemistry and processing","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":204,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"Biological and Environmental Research; U.S. Department of Energy","keywords":"Geobacter sulfurreducens; Periplasmic space; Bacterial outer membrane; Cytochrome; Cytochrome c; Biology; Biochemistry; Desulfovibrio; Electron transport chain; Geobacter; Wild type; Mutant; Chemistry; Bacteria; Mitochondrion; Biofilm; Enzyme; Escherichia coli; Gene; Genetics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01775808699247146,"gpt":0.2780629972294874,"spread":0.2603049102370159,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002070136,0.0001458345,0.000214586,0.00002373594,0.00006524967,0.00000655202,0.000143629,0.0001754131,0.0004736593],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006607645,0.0001441224,0.00007593522,0.00007767077,0.0001312027,0.00005904495,0.00002025583,0.00009311963,0.000003263714],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006274854,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006421655,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000004738648,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008262266,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989997,0.000007878874,0.0003387954,0.0003035886,0.00002703573,0.000322959],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993029,0.000103989,0.0002436676,0.0001947205,0.0001127449,0.00004197088],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001968743,0.00006001555,0.01022784,0.0002573539,0.00003173148,4.366388e-7,0.0000555818,0.000001222454,0.9820986,0.00001636108,0.006482445,0.0005715423],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004479959,0.00002529202,0.000191994,0.00002439435,0.0000229972,0.00007597687,0.0001439017,0.000002464454,0.9651377,0.0000541717,0.03372146,0.0001516659],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9968604,0.0005179566,0.0007531677,0.00003424459,0.0001846021,0.0000752586,0.000133737,0.00003386755,0.001406781],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9949244,0.00001498469,0.001853485,0.00002577248,0.0002822039,0.00000733417,0.000708913,0.0000182119,0.00216467],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02723901,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5877141,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2570613845","doi":"10.1073/pnas.1611918114","title":"Uranium(IV) adsorption by natural organic matter in anoxic sediments","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","topic":"Radioactive element chemistry and processing","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":198,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Canadian Light Source (Canada)","funders":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research; U.S. Department of Energy","keywords":"Anoxic waters; Uranium; Organic matter; Adsorption; Natural (archaeology); Natural organic matter; Environmental chemistry; Environmental science; Geochemistry; Geology; Earth science; Chemistry; Paleontology; Materials science; Metallurgy; Organic chemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02349614063758734,"gpt":0.2976120387162201,"spread":0.2741158980786328,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005168887,0.00009576818,0.0001179303,0.00004138433,0.0002754513,0.00006814531,0.001001565,0.000084132,0.0002757619],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003357563,0.00007061927,0.00004239705,0.0001503812,0.0004920422,0.0009431077,0.0001172122,0.0002258268,0.000002672381],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005922432,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001918219,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000004037387,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.215815e-8,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986534,0.000001782865,0.000246252,0.0002316155,0.0007146541,0.0001523506],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991956,0.00003615468,0.0005813527,0.00001293525,0.0001519158,0.00002209264],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000127443,0.0000281325,0.07143031,0.0001061291,0.000007690902,2.422671e-9,0.00005874272,0.00000125338,0.9267091,0.0001078287,0.001420208,0.0001178574],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002422513,0.000003472883,0.0361432,0.0001436592,0.000005930288,0.000002648754,0.00008780086,0.0002030589,0.9590632,0.003873178,0.0001515587,0.00008001508],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9745561,0.0001203196,1.286601e-7,0.001574133,0.00002010602,0.00003882597,0.00001167501,0.000005784375,0.02367289],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987111,0.00001246785,0.00009702252,0.0001397782,0.00009348001,0.000004754943,4.528823e-7,0.000004111996,0.00093681],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03528711,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.30194,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2318750847","doi":"10.2113/gselements.7.2.83","title":"Iron in Earth Surface Systems: A Major Player in Chemical and Biological Processes","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Elements","topic":"Radioactive element chemistry and processing","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":196,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Natural Environment Research Council; Royal Society","keywords":"Citation; Metropolitan area; Library science; Icon; World Wide Web; History; Computer science; Archaeology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03787281809960472,"gpt":0.2511527694158869,"spread":0.2132799513162822,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001739222,0.0001668268,0.0001971904,0.00002519502,0.0000317788,0.00002639069,0.0001425455,0.0001272067,0.000511621],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007091623,0.0001501221,0.00001390018,0.0001414306,0.00005117795,0.0001360687,0.00006283008,0.0002045524,0.000007091086],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000467446,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003673353,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005663605,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001404366,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998845,0.00001772924,0.0003283205,0.0003528156,0.000131576,0.0003245347],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996594,0.00004388296,0.0000919123,0.0001165196,0.00002258818,0.00006570324],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001626357,0.0002642785,0.6372858,0.0008550128,0.00001768114,0.00005075498,0.0007150496,0.000002836132,0.3599547,0.00001806152,0.00003226399,0.0006409883],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002052959,0.00003113377,0.006723915,0.0003972973,0.0000100488,0.00002174706,0.001084493,0.0001295869,0.9878641,0.0001196441,0.001181683,0.0003834387],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.986445,0.0007049582,0.000003737937,0.00001185679,0.00001928684,0.00008206409,0.00001346405,0.00002867161,0.01269101],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990848,0.00004982027,0.0004187954,0.00001430565,0.00004145958,0.00003016159,0.00002352409,0.00001137571,0.0003257859],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6305618,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6121802,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4245287945","doi":"10.1016/j.gca.2015.02.015","title":"An experimental study of the solubility and speciation of niobium in fluoride-bearing aqueous solutions at elevated temperature","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","topic":"Radioactive element chemistry and processing","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":185,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Fonds Québécois de la Recherche sur la Nature et les Technologies","keywords":"Solubility; Niobium; Chemistry; Aqueous solution; Inorganic chemistry; Brine; Fluoride; Carbonate; Organic chemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02984260623757274,"gpt":0.2777599393220107,"spread":0.247917333084438,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004259491,0.0002262476,0.0003265631,0.00005001103,0.0001646221,0.00003224995,0.000340673,0.0001457554,0.00007096805],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001550669,0.0001958314,0.00005582141,0.0002316085,0.000139879,0.0002366778,0.0002590661,0.0003844923,4.022842e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002323622,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001268581,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001078922,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001765288,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982888,0.000136496,0.0004940061,0.0004312987,0.0003577316,0.000291672],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987981,0.00008008838,0.0003210903,0.0005759256,0.0001169348,0.00010791],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002704911,0.001271297,0.03247443,0.00005942402,0.00003482054,0.000001160678,0.005029985,0.00005190053,0.9606432,0.0000143966,0.000109756,0.0000390751],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001609464,0.0001231762,0.01325885,0.00006792264,0.00003408641,0.00001421069,0.004489532,0.0003713538,0.9795972,0.0002135581,0.00002546893,0.0001952453],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.998051,0.00008372748,7.855992e-7,0.0001711683,0.00007094972,0.00021795,0.00004763611,0.00003228612,0.001324458],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996706,0.000005432872,0.00009365554,0.00002356968,0.00005979271,0.00002195736,0.00004778221,0.0000196392,0.00005751984],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01921558,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7985771,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2123166275","doi":"10.1038/nchem.1270","title":"Strongly coupled binuclear uranium–oxo complexes from uranyl oxo rearrangement and reductive silylation","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nature Chemistry","topic":"Radioactive element chemistry and processing","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":176,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","keywords":"Chemistry; Uranyl; Uranium; Actinide; Silylation; Reactivity (psychology); Molecule; Oxide; Inorganic chemistry; Metal; Covalent bond; Uranium oxide; Crystallography; Photochemistry; Ion; Organic chemistry; Catalysis","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.00980491807871153,"gpt":0.2481020238356047,"spread":0.2382971057568931,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001781215,0.0004127709,0.0003527414,0.00001940624,0.0002833421,0.0001056696,0.0002622849,0.0006865449,0.003525662],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001305503,0.0004209146,0.0001004918,0.0001361122,0.0001786568,0.0004269397,0.00009478544,0.001175977,0.00001320536],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002112576,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004710912,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002585085,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":8.431487e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9980534,0.0000163464,0.0003441807,0.0005873621,0.0004486619,0.0005500859],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987458,0.0001448061,0.000266894,0.0004349154,0.0001266409,0.000280974],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000161369,0.0001236675,0.004857236,0.0003286968,0.0001766817,0.000003923904,0.0005407556,0.000006851546,0.9914927,0.00001838382,0.001093931,0.001195785],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001159431,0.000005474466,0.002919519,0.0001467103,0.0001357929,0.00002254859,0.001460443,0.000270373,0.9800007,0.0001459367,0.01322178,0.0005113416],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9702387,0.005173054,0.00003462391,0.0002417435,0.0001333867,0.00008030189,0.0001626255,0.0001617379,0.02377385],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9954224,0.00008350413,0.0007422003,0.00006355021,0.00180476,0.00002050585,0.0006504653,0.00005624884,0.001156385],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0251837,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998243,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2767829541","doi":"10.1038/s41467-017-01443-1","title":"Origin of the unusually strong and selective binding of vanadium by polyamidoximes in seawater","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nature Communications","topic":"Radioactive element chemistry and processing","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":173,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Nuclear Energy University Program; Office of Science; U.S. Department of Energy; Argonne National Laboratory; Canadian Foundation for Dietetic Research; Basic Energy Sciences; Battelle; Office of Nuclear Energy; National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center; UT-Battelle; Oak Ridge National Laboratory","keywords":"Seawater; Vanadium; Adsorption; Titration; Chemistry; X-ray absorption fine structure; Imide; Inorganic chemistry; Combinatorial chemistry; Polymer chemistry; Physical chemistry; Spectroscopy; Geology; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01904292018999204,"gpt":0.3159902325309114,"spread":0.2969473123409194,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001197058,0.00007721439,0.0001180896,0.00002121919,0.000316304,0.00002639636,0.0009782806,0.0001270515,0.00001366367],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001329511,0.00006176599,0.00002846411,0.00006883877,0.000269085,0.0001277917,0.0002279132,0.0005913447,1.144198e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000433167,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006259178,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001236561,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002393573,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995211,0.00002617538,0.000155555,0.0001032172,0.00009098311,0.00010297],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985159,0.0001266746,0.0002561554,0.001012965,0.00006707896,0.00002123658],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001353687,0.00007588129,0.255403,0.00008099536,0.00005666163,1.172535e-7,0.0005125992,0.000001755836,0.7412795,0.001134336,0.0003749123,0.001066668],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002706971,0.000003428692,0.01393563,0.0001199584,0.00002137726,0.000001451448,0.0002523451,0.0001025412,0.982317,0.0001834948,0.002713027,0.0000790737],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.960453,0.001922903,0.0000032077,0.0009843491,0.00001970238,0.00004585786,0.00006329374,0.000006485043,0.03650115],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990232,0.0001056628,0.0002563185,0.00001076336,0.00001113011,0.000006208041,0.00001927874,0.000006934441,0.0005605106],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2414674,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2569132,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2113320648","doi":"10.1128/aem.69.8.4575-4582.2003","title":"Engineering <i>Deinococcus geothermalis</i> for Bioremediation of High-Temperature Radioactive Waste Environments","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied and Environmental Microbiology","topic":"Radioactive element chemistry and processing","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":171,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Biological and Environmental Research; Atomic Energy of Canada Limited","keywords":"Deinococcus radiodurans; Bioremediation; Mesophile; Thermophile; Deinococcus; Radioactive waste; Nitrilotriacetic acid; Chemistry; Bacteria; Waste management; Radiochemistry; Nuclear chemistry; Biology; DNA; Biochemistry; Inorganic chemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.002640219632387759,"gpt":0.1575621961261049,"spread":0.1549219764937172,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006581319,0.0001962681,0.0002190392,0.00002043355,0.00007437348,0.00000705378,0.00007240644,0.0001808392,0.0002188632],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000005235895,0.0001956209,0.00004221001,0.00002217235,0.0001252351,0.00004578336,0.00002150261,0.0001174304,0.000002596797],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006258389,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006265861,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000001397295,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":9.224684e-8,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992046,0.000007548665,0.0002007618,0.0003186327,0.00003532197,0.0002331315],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996367,0.00006261218,0.0001229369,0.0001276268,0.000001355713,0.00004874908],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004540069,0.00006550957,0.000337903,0.0000865624,0.00007608542,4.755734e-7,0.0001058666,0.0001830316,0.9983204,0.0001941989,0.00002497519,0.0005595785],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001073809,0.00001772548,0.00005213307,0.00001017318,0.00003764566,0.00001486482,0.0003003469,0.00001234574,0.9904109,0.00006082059,0.007815833,0.0001934178],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9985496,0.0003058304,0.0002235138,0.00001019067,0.00004491372,0.000123067,0.0002768555,0.00001089551,0.0004551014],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9981872,0.0001225371,0.0007996454,0.00004088396,0.00006836581,0.00005595815,0.0005314848,0.00002399258,0.0001699311],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.007909528,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7977188,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2561054184","doi":"10.3749/canmin.1500078","title":"A Revised and Expanded Structure Hierarchy of Natural and Synthetic Hexavalent Uranium Compounds","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Mineralogist","topic":"Radioactive element chemistry and processing","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":171,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Uranium; Natural (archaeology); Hierarchy; Radiochemistry; Chemistry; Geology; Materials science; Metallurgy; Political science; Paleontology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01071668400469108,"gpt":0.2206051501084399,"spread":0.2098884661037488,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009834408,0.0001564001,0.000184386,0.00002674627,0.000208329,0.0000478637,0.0001663093,0.00007452248,0.0003310718],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006876845,0.00008998847,0.00002980668,0.00005698055,0.0005705454,0.00006808774,0.00002526989,0.0001448393,4.880792e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001040195,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001164797,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004537011,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01880705,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992141,0.00002493552,0.0001701165,0.0002202399,0.0001122122,0.0002583944],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993174,0.0001251863,0.00008711578,0.0002400312,0.00004550024,0.0001847573],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000524053,0.000005089205,0.003644393,0.0002374582,0.00005163599,0.0000113167,0.0002605485,4.594866e-7,0.9804534,0.0004335725,0.0009503702,0.01389935],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003950341,0.00006937097,0.008920244,0.001144731,0.0002311821,0.000692639,0.0005411317,0.0001953121,0.9385935,0.004757435,0.03976572,0.00113836],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.986178,0.002943979,0.000002567328,0.003198147,0.00004173475,0.0000599119,0.0001881901,0.00001415662,0.007373245],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9980849,0.0001090641,0.00006012388,0.0001367219,0.0001048588,0.000004002504,0.00001419262,0.00001227798,0.001473876],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.04185987,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9990972,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2968928795","doi":"10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00048","title":"Thermal and Photochemical Reduction and Functionalization Chemistry of the Uranyl Dication, [U<sup>VI</sup>O<sub>2</sub>]<sup>2+</sup>","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Chemical Reviews","topic":"Radioactive element chemistry and processing","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":161,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"H2020 European Research Council; Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; European Commission; Research Councils UK; Seventh Framework Programme; Government of Canada","keywords":"Uranyl; Chemistry; Metalation; Dication; Reductive elimination; Surface modification; Inorganic chemistry; Reactivity (psychology); Ion; Photochemistry; Medicinal chemistry; Organic chemistry; Catalysis; Physical chemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03270252991925805,"gpt":0.2849471893212278,"spread":0.2522446594019697,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005297001,0.0009365392,0.002173011,0.00004069597,0.0001935074,0.00009361189,0.0006333053,0.001018223,0.0004680444],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008171228,0.0006908091,0.0006962854,0.000469378,0.0005621194,0.0002335843,0.0003048931,0.001194098,0.00002293504],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002795556,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002961715,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000001610371,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.866961e-8,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9958853,0.0001110193,0.001734658,0.00124343,0.0005517716,0.0004738223],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9967204,0.0002973891,0.001494894,0.001060753,0.0001839662,0.000242618],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003350299,0.0001211191,0.00002364218,0.09184127,0.0002274347,7.168218e-7,0.0001267459,0.00000821393,0.4516417,0.000008677419,0.001844617,0.4541224],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003709997,0.000004862841,4.949823e-7,0.01323891,0.001215934,0.0001424834,0.00003525453,0.000176601,0.3488984,0.00004815307,0.6352556,0.0006123409],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.02373374,0.9727376,0.00002350895,0.00005711456,0.00004546545,0.0008562511,0.0001029155,0.00006056535,0.002382896],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.003451992,0.9935159,0.00008096778,0.00004000985,0.0008838396,0.000427418,0.0009520372,0.0001129061,0.0005348919],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.633411,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995543,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1968432866","doi":"10.3749/canmin.48.5.1329","title":"CRYSTAL CHEMISTRY AND GENESIS OF ORGANIC MINERALS: A REVIEW OF OXALATE AND POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBON MINERALS","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"The Canadian Mineralogist","topic":"Radioactive element chemistry and processing","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":158,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science; Fetzer Institute","keywords":"Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon; Oxalate; Chemistry; Crystal chemistry; Environmental chemistry; Hydrocarbon; Inorganic chemistry; Organic chemistry; Crystal structure","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02469036693731283,"gpt":0.2746388387684688,"spread":0.249948471831156,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004945635,0.0006994692,0.002142944,0.0000711203,0.000170092,0.00005693052,0.0006129291,0.000567352,0.0003965327],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004240526,0.0005224572,0.0002973037,0.0003420043,0.0007445361,0.00007186685,0.00008860209,0.000706938,0.000001510056],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001541213,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009262398,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01219257,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.009724806,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9973544,0.00007676913,0.001202872,0.0005731073,0.0002780504,0.0005148044],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9972115,0.0002859653,0.001177084,0.0008573375,0.00004435312,0.0004237935],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"systematic_review","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001002183,0.00005206221,0.00006670185,0.5255772,0.0006594589,0.00005084193,0.0001634341,9.013614e-8,0.2854105,0.000008533974,0.003439346,0.1845618],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003743015,0.00001877683,0.000004734176,0.09302919,0.002728886,0.0007687923,0.00004499817,0.00001291455,0.00651065,0.0001022733,0.8953896,0.001014955],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.01244596,0.9733607,2.840729e-7,0.0002044197,0.00003036579,0.0002648383,0.0001936677,0.00001758114,0.01348219],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.003657109,0.9912819,0.00008919076,0.0001043774,0.0002479218,0.00005835717,0.0003157252,0.00008484234,0.004160546],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8919502,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997227,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2340630344","doi":"10.1039/c6dt00474a","title":"Functionalization of mesoporous materials for lanthanide and actinide extraction","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Dalton Transactions","topic":"Radioactive element chemistry and processing","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":156,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"U.S. Department of Energy","keywords":"Lanthanide; Sorption; Extraction (chemistry); Mesoporous material; Actinide; Materials science; Process engineering; Nanotechnology; Environmental science; Chemistry; Organic chemistry; Adsorption; Inorganic chemistry; Catalysis; Engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01882266886253892,"gpt":0.2726537614607999,"spread":0.253831092598261,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001320628,0.0001003723,0.0001281573,0.0000315873,0.0001472158,0.000015809,0.0000413473,0.00008398009,0.002353924],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004243907,0.00008167487,0.00004019879,0.00004616166,0.00004790826,0.0002722758,0.000001513438,0.00003721606,0.000001670766],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004870026,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003716333,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001416082,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000006750385,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993232,0.00000923468,0.0002308613,0.0001882342,0.0001258494,0.0001226092],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994075,0.0001947411,0.0001472046,0.0001031205,0.0001057537,0.00004171537],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001548397,0.00004826858,0.0001158196,0.0002439165,0.00004695677,2.535216e-7,0.00005551748,0.000006194004,0.9809617,0.0001486581,0.00008587923,0.01813195],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006075698,0.00001640608,0.00008924595,0.00007763528,0.000064976,0.00002106338,0.0001181689,0.00001593023,0.9866803,0.0006024113,0.01160417,0.0001021625],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3806184,0.0001127151,0.6151615,0.0004483832,0.0002499136,0.0001320464,0.0009385156,0.0001057049,0.002232778],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9969044,0.0001225894,0.0008441372,0.00001104415,0.0001213588,0.00005752831,0.00006692525,0.00001640217,0.001855562],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6162861,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.998558,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4250119255","doi":"10.1016/j.gca.2008.10.041","title":"XPS spectra of uranyl minerals and synthetic uranyl compounds. II: The O 1s spectrum","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","topic":"Radioactive element chemistry and processing","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":153,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Uranyl; Chemistry; Crystallography; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; Spectral line; Binding energy; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Inorganic chemistry; Nuclear magnetic resonance; Ion; Atomic physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01113613981412229,"gpt":0.239748074322028,"spread":0.2286119345079057,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003808362,0.0005129676,0.0006116021,0.00007561141,0.0005007578,0.0001372247,0.0007353501,0.0001926323,0.0006297675],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001560133,0.0004065076,0.0002154343,0.0002487726,0.0003967686,0.0002404938,0.0001432242,0.0007185303,0.000005667917],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006676855,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001015611,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000226695,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008309246,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9974478,0.00007615945,0.0006529826,0.0006896285,0.0004568637,0.000676513],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981498,0.000312155,0.0004253131,0.0008583413,0.00006912107,0.000185264],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001745136,0.0002978945,0.0002459887,0.0001422985,0.0001212357,0.000007829941,0.0008032357,0.000005529296,0.9925533,0.0009628356,0.00372314,0.0009622341],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001261057,0.0001265272,0.00142619,0.0002760266,0.0001902906,0.000266417,0.0003630119,0.0003735888,0.9746584,0.01232805,0.008066724,0.0006637179],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9119169,0.0004147186,0.00001799889,0.01667239,0.00006816626,0.0001587884,0.00008656728,0.0001249951,0.07053951],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9971024,0.0002557739,0.0005166869,0.0007177002,0.000250353,0.00001175189,0.00006458016,0.00003937589,0.001041363],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.08518555,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998387,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4399875611","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174081","title":"A complete review on the oxygen-containing functional groups of biochar: Formation mechanisms, detection methods, engineering, and applications","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"The Science of The Total Environment","topic":"Radioactive element chemistry and processing","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":152,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"Fundamental Research Funds for Central Universities of the Central South University; Science and Technology Program of Hunan Province","keywords":"Biochar; Oxygen; Environmental science; Environmental chemistry; Waste management; Chemistry; Biochemical engineering; Engineering; Pyrolysis; Organic chemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03853877461206395,"gpt":0.2822729602751814,"spread":0.2437341856631174,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001348009,0.0002063886,0.0003417141,0.0000316634,0.0002891591,0.00002674227,0.0004659392,0.00005189819,0.0001181314],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005525386,0.00009803068,0.0001813458,0.0002486072,0.0003207157,0.00007491435,0.0002365356,0.000311185,0.000008667057],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001669041,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004327239,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000001419209,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.26273e-8,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987492,0.0000543155,0.0003904723,0.0002593542,0.000403429,0.0001432181],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988425,0.0001768637,0.0004668167,0.0004726842,0.0000118582,0.00002921591],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000789332,0.00004469933,7.949465e-9,0.04200362,0.0001860964,1.32409e-7,0.0001369746,0.0006046863,0.3162507,0.004560992,0.00003394959,0.6361703],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002575477,0.00013062,0.000004220765,0.07104988,0.00499287,0.0003738673,0.0004831133,0.007996795,0.4562227,0.004699718,0.4527285,0.001060185],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.00007311066,0.9924973,0.006263405,0.0001510392,0.00006541887,0.000501898,0.0000540657,0.00001323982,0.0003804902],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.002942947,0.9959653,0.0004535816,0.00001477053,0.00007811475,0.0003414529,0.00001311308,0.00001809717,0.0001726467],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6351101,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3997575,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4214482942","doi":"10.1016/j.geogeo.2022.100043","title":"Uranium in groundwater in parts of India and world: A comprehensive review of sources, impact to the environment and human health, analytical techniques, and mitigation technologies","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Geosystems and Geoenvironment","topic":"Radioactive element chemistry and processing","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":150,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Department of Atomic Energy, Government of India","keywords":"Uranium; Groundwater; Aquifer; Environmental remediation; Environmental science; Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry; Environmental chemistry; Rainwater harvesting; Contamination; Geology; Chemistry; Mass spectrometry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02488103081898354,"gpt":0.3041584322923483,"spread":0.2792774014733648,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005517147,0.0003435522,0.001308211,0.0001467965,0.0001064048,0.00002085042,0.0001222912,0.0001307476,0.00009346518],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001070433,0.000245451,0.00007073973,0.0001393122,0.0002194523,0.00004621154,0.0003050495,0.0003874397,1.735755e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000223296,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002378363,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000253903,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001909926,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979979,0.0001293238,0.0009015594,0.0004813456,0.0002339174,0.000255947],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989557,0.0001155636,0.0005542551,0.0003005526,0.000004304816,0.00006961125],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001229051,0.0001191205,0.005699715,0.201257,0.0001446174,0.00001455486,0.000375519,0.000002667415,0.00004888622,0.0000242685,0.00006980277,0.7922316],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002480395,0.0001253803,0.001236795,0.0384944,0.0001491971,0.00006797472,0.0005009644,0.000004363487,0.0001045556,0.00001887752,0.9587614,0.0002880285],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.02621295,0.9726981,9.63207e-7,0.0001374142,0.000006240382,0.0007962736,0.00007136788,0.000008837751,0.00006783909],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.01975943,0.9797412,0.00002530167,0.00002178517,0.00001943787,0.0002763626,0.00009020077,0.00001824405,0.00004799387],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9586916,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999998,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2069441722","doi":"10.1016/s0016-7037(00)00587-1","title":"The effect of growth phase on proton and metal adsorption by Bacillus subtilis","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","topic":"Radioactive element chemistry and processing","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":144,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Windsor; University of Ottawa","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Deprotonation; Adsorption; Phase (matter); Chemistry; Metal; Bacillus subtilis; Titration; Ionic strength; Exponential growth; Population; Inorganic chemistry; Physical chemistry; Bacteria; Organic chemistry; Biology; Aqueous solution; Physics; Ion","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.007703098231835965,"gpt":0.2614880498190549,"spread":0.2537849515872189,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005072762,0.000376232,0.0003800129,0.0000404456,0.000283275,0.00009606121,0.0003533296,0.0001617802,0.0002353176],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003348062,0.0002700978,0.0001370859,0.0001665492,0.000251835,0.0002030516,0.00008278802,0.0004825148,0.000004982214],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005769746,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003520489,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001206106,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001828875,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981472,0.0001274989,0.0003965576,0.0005085737,0.0003829452,0.0004372132],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984064,0.0006405176,0.0003130164,0.0004363457,0.00006606186,0.0001376771],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002048484,0.0001631181,0.0008788414,0.0002878206,0.0001273388,0.000003244058,0.0001091518,5.728523e-7,0.9890192,0.00004092881,0.00144721,0.005874062],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002732385,0.0004159403,0.00005814984,0.0001058299,0.0001043608,0.00004907082,0.00004396867,0.0002115924,0.9853065,0.0003187227,0.01037066,0.0002828194],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9846105,0.0001845178,0.00001379962,0.00106653,0.00004693943,0.0003290447,0.0001239633,0.00007966454,0.01354505],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985092,0.0004065422,0.0000264523,0.00008101285,0.00008891754,0.000138055,0.0001699423,0.00003596659,0.0005439155],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01389871,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999751,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2316456671","doi":"10.1021/ic502425e","title":"Ion Exchange in Hydroxyapatite with Lanthanides","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Inorganic Chemistry","topic":"Radioactive element chemistry and processing","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":140,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre; University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canadian Institutes of Health Research; California HIV/AIDS Research Program","keywords":"Chemistry; Lanthanide; Isothermal titration calorimetry; Titration; Ionic radius; Cationic polymerization; Ion exchange; Stoichiometry; Inductively coupled plasma; Ion; Ionic bonding; Inorganic chemistry; Crystallography; Physical chemistry; Organic chemistry; Plasma","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0179209217829066,"gpt":0.2290753067597069,"spread":0.2111543849768003,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001466414,0.0002479788,0.0002252606,0.00001880073,0.00004872597,0.0000509132,0.0002720557,0.00017111,0.001968624],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008906399,0.0002328594,0.00003146367,0.0002412294,0.00007446043,0.0001830093,0.00006525648,0.0003443219,0.00002803442],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002861486,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001771945,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004799013,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001824718,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986739,0.000007674246,0.0002445873,0.0004017526,0.0003096218,0.0003624459],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992223,0.0000440711,0.000128884,0.0003464749,0.00006866194,0.0001895824],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009271635,0.0001024581,0.02222116,0.000489553,0.00002494669,0.00008591369,0.0005564687,0.0000128026,0.9749791,0.000001854623,0.000460229,0.0009727913],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001221691,0.0000102671,0.00009354852,0.0001996823,0.00001550561,0.0001122972,0.0006823103,0.00008539254,0.9911307,0.0001144941,0.006006669,0.0003274778],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8927718,0.0005184337,0.00002228842,0.00009834528,0.00002620637,0.00002923633,0.00001235972,0.0001142839,0.1064071],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9960687,0.00002616349,0.0001368154,0.00004205924,0.0004060424,0.00002149161,0.00007661354,0.0000386698,0.003183462],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1032969,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9989437,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2317849715","doi":"10.2113/gselements.7.2.113","title":"Iron Minerals in Marine Sediments Record Chemical Environments","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Elements","topic":"Radioactive element chemistry and processing","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":138,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"Natural Environment Research Council","keywords":"Citation; Metropolitan area; Library science; History; Archaeology; Computer science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02224591421628361,"gpt":0.2405631712953,"spread":0.2183172570790164,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001471313,0.0002536327,0.000213964,0.00004215464,0.00005096188,0.00001703706,0.0003018396,0.0001199483,0.01431094],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000238144,0.0002714512,0.00005584615,0.00009443788,0.00004663578,0.0002042372,0.000169964,0.0002443194,0.00009662813],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001974669,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001594036,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005091113,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003371556,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982743,0.00001515106,0.0004818385,0.0004530233,0.0002976916,0.0004780264],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993684,0.0000173558,0.000174471,0.0003087609,0.000007922524,0.0001231081],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001056537,0.0004029526,0.2648563,0.00007665076,0.00003974845,0.00003576903,0.0001948476,3.083054e-7,0.7204682,0.00000712808,0.0004779206,0.01333449],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001565216,0.00001806206,0.002251984,0.00005598881,0.00002067342,0.000004793234,0.00007989388,0.00002696972,0.9811152,0.0003868153,0.01416185,0.0003125393],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8620539,0.00002333686,0.000006252299,0.00001986822,0.00005357801,0.0000640927,0.000008269801,0.00002980565,0.1377409],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9866651,0.00002226308,0.002760589,0.00008217812,0.000136448,0.00005761318,0.0001416343,0.00003279686,0.01010135],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2626043,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999738,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2072819155","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.03.004","title":"Selective removal of lanthanides from natural waters, acidic streams and dialysate","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","topic":"Radioactive element chemistry and processing","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":133,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; Biological and Environmental Research; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; U.S. Public Health Service; National Institutes of Health; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; Association Canadienne de Pharmacie en Oncologie; U.S. Department of Energy","keywords":"Lanthanide; Chemistry; Sorbent; Sorption; Humic acid; Nuclear chemistry; Inorganic chemistry; Adsorption; Organic chemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.006636676079744769,"gpt":0.2311224871506402,"spread":0.2244858110708955,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000256206,0.0001731014,0.0004956252,0.000043215,0.00005988851,0.0000804067,0.0001661161,0.00009399439,0.0002370101],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008939698,0.0001332929,0.00007717483,0.00004750803,0.00007485953,0.0002454537,0.00002172568,0.0001624265,9.6171e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004915412,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005791449,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000256957,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":7.609457e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988155,0.00004044984,0.0005703383,0.000145648,0.0002380395,0.0001900451],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988557,0.0000734956,0.0007458332,0.0001116776,0.0001417917,0.00007154681],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000594212,0.00005000723,0.0003857937,0.00008475341,0.0001595131,0.0001394892,0.0004029302,0.000001901419,0.9916206,0.000005908912,0.0001051452,0.006449722],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007787078,0.00007588068,0.000708918,0.0002542482,0.0001062643,0.0004647288,0.0002613465,0.000003224302,0.9956921,0.00123161,0.0002835085,0.00013945],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9976206,0.001093835,0.00001011476,0.0001433719,0.0001790897,0.00002342678,0.00006451466,0.00001284959,0.0008521828],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9981353,0.000215413,0.0008961448,0.00002942363,0.0005842457,3.986662e-7,0.00001705706,0.0000118202,0.0001101473],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.006310272,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5435525,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2803948029","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.8b01158","title":"Spatial Associations and Chemical Composition of Organic Carbon Sequestered in Fe, Ca, and Organic Carbon Ternary Systems","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Science & Technology","topic":"Radioactive element chemistry and processing","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":127,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Canadian Light Source (Canada); University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Office of Experimental Program to Stimulate Competitive Research; Delaware Environmental Institute, University of Delaware; University of Delaware; State of Delaware","keywords":"Total organic carbon; Carbon fibers; Environmental chemistry; Ternary operation; Chemical composition; Composition (language); Chemistry; Environmental science; Organic chemistry; Materials science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.005329572975058056,"gpt":0.2129082608299197,"spread":0.2075786878548616,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001237548,0.0001130782,0.0001598153,0.00009679065,0.00009798879,0.00001844168,0.0001719381,0.0001638969,0.00004807594],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002136281,0.0001211246,0.000007849315,0.0002466436,0.001338538,0.00009206075,0.0001720073,0.000167091,7.064785e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003781885,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002958216,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009535738,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001169804,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990489,0.000008894855,0.0002026766,0.0003375645,0.0001786401,0.000223257],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996385,0.00001731412,0.0001389189,0.0001521141,0.000007283777,0.00004585096],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005913191,0.00003968173,0.1540965,0.00001883196,0.000004662832,0.000002817806,0.0001326789,3.113693e-7,0.8453367,0.000005282921,2.391536e-7,0.0003563648],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003079439,0.00003529011,0.005968713,0.00004887034,0.00001200718,0.0000572457,0.0003676407,0.002521915,0.9904823,0.0000679904,0.00001019294,0.0001198363],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9986907,0.0002207161,0.00001570417,0.00007890566,0.00003144592,0.00005716126,0.0000170385,0.0000291155,0.0008592575],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9998165,0.0000283714,0.00004996613,0.000005318953,0.00004398365,0.00000675957,0.00001388702,0.000008131178,0.00002711019],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1481278,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4939319,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2314977518","doi":"10.1021/cm3023709","title":"Large Pore Mesostructured Organosilica-Phosphonate Hybrids as Highly Efficient and Regenerable Sorbents for Uranium Sequestration","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemistry of Materials","topic":"Radioactive element chemistry and processing","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":127,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Hydro-Québec; Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Sorbent; Adsorption; Uranium; Extraction (chemistry); Phosphonate; Sorption; Mesoporous material; Mesoporous silica; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Partition coefficient; Chemistry; Chromatography; Organic chemistry; Metallurgy; Catalysis","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.009437328389197268,"gpt":0.2479818639326434,"spread":0.2385445355434461,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003476982,0.0002904507,0.0003789115,0.000009557525,0.0001741934,0.00006711782,0.000184991,0.0002509233,0.001617616],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000120296,0.0002881041,0.0000618555,0.00005609759,0.00008704735,0.000145525,0.00006181057,0.00009908608,0.000002638264],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006968773,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007179633,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000007107857,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":6.549337e-8,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984241,0.00001243378,0.0004708407,0.0003575567,0.0002493331,0.0004857896],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989865,0.00004867444,0.0003643345,0.0002964348,0.0001379126,0.0001661092],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000200092,0.0001036752,0.000223147,0.001989171,0.00006158712,0.000001663479,0.0002367811,0.000006167427,0.9966545,0.00007106189,0.0003591977,0.00009300879],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001059432,0.00001023981,0.00005575089,0.0001076215,0.00007671655,0.00004939904,0.0002239111,0.00001653835,0.9951727,0.000202658,0.002730753,0.0002942157],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9954942,0.0007394193,0.00004706065,0.00006251308,0.0001751918,0.0001201191,0.000509561,0.00006646829,0.002785489],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9966914,0.00003899854,0.0004029592,0.00002752054,0.0005018454,0.00004595146,0.0008099496,0.0000410922,0.001440254],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.002371555,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999571,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1991982517","doi":"10.1021/ic7015403","title":"Crown Ether Inclusion Complexes of the Early Actinide Elements, [AnO<sub>2</sub>(18-crown-6)]<sup><i>n</i>+</sup>, An = U, Np, Pu and<i>n</i>= 1, 2: A Relativistic Density Functional Study","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Inorganic Chemistry","topic":"Radioactive element chemistry and processing","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":125,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"","keywords":"Chemistry; Actinide; Crown ether; Inclusion (mineral); Crown (dentistry); Radiochemistry; Nuclear chemistry; Organic chemistry; Mineralogy; Ion","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02141027786962021,"gpt":0.2371850315598187,"spread":0.2157747536901985,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004320528,0.0005870001,0.0005649202,0.00003120835,0.0016243,0.00006891221,0.0006698433,0.0003329472,0.001220523],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003357703,0.0005224771,0.0001704496,0.0003907237,0.0005471176,0.0003714126,0.001105438,0.001014622,0.000008745499],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002566163,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003098716,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006627169,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000009965886,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9965463,0.00009871322,0.0008805473,0.0009394051,0.0009697155,0.0005653621],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9975343,0.0002986163,0.0006555733,0.0009975176,0.0002665474,0.0002474346],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003216203,0.0007433699,0.1145678,0.0002990115,0.0002096846,0.00002686164,0.002588899,0.00002086049,0.8802974,0.000003875864,0.000432972,0.0004876334],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001913656,0.00004814845,0.01870754,0.0001274752,0.0001748619,0.0002789457,0.001022402,0.0001327605,0.9764375,0.0002638351,0.0003502635,0.0005425939],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.995644,0.0001687149,0.00005788927,0.00008767239,0.00005507802,0.0002101,0.00007842718,0.0001372749,0.003560881],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982572,0.00002654623,0.0001005055,0.0001239914,0.0004185317,0.00002955946,0.00008435962,0.000081695,0.0008776298],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.09614013,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997227,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2913550427","doi":"10.1038/s41467-019-08758-1","title":"Siderophore-inspired chelator hijacks uranium from aqueous medium","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nature Communications","topic":"Radioactive element chemistry and processing","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":124,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Office of Science; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Canadian Foundation for Dietetic Research; Basic Energy Sciences; Battelle; Office of Nuclear Energy; National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center; UT-Battelle; U.S. Department of Energy; University of Tampa; Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences Division","keywords":"Uranyl; Siderophore; Uranium; Chemistry; Combinatorial chemistry; Supramolecular chemistry; Chelation; Selectivity; Metal ions in aqueous solution; Molecule; Aqueous solution; Metal; Ion; Inorganic chemistry; Organic chemistry; Materials science; Biochemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01256285771878229,"gpt":0.2731989013808312,"spread":0.2606360436620489,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009964556,0.0002177157,0.0002342813,0.00002958315,0.0002774077,0.00007411811,0.001521402,0.0005668544,0.002429335],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001358201,0.0002193396,0.0001090096,0.0001787013,0.0001118368,0.0001780355,0.0002805373,0.001700848,0.0001984567],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001267664,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001199379,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004065426,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004071511,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988235,0.00003641949,0.0002906197,0.0003346596,0.0002629161,0.0002518632],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9966775,0.0004399133,0.0001892652,0.00244407,0.0001383479,0.0001109598],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004430073,0.0001837129,0.01424262,0.00007449338,0.0001839942,0.000003251015,0.0006740037,0.000004657734,0.9777148,0.0004289595,0.003436629,0.003008533],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008922893,0.000009200771,0.00152026,0.0001344608,0.00008922382,0.00001038673,0.0006546241,0.0006357903,0.7053123,0.0007907826,0.2894806,0.0004701107],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7179806,0.02241172,0.00002053372,0.004830028,0.0003281347,0.0001464234,0.0002124069,0.0003410574,0.2537291],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9942959,0.0003815131,0.002216994,0.0004373762,0.0002406042,0.00003183957,0.0007106924,0.00003737548,0.001647733],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.286044,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9984826,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3108312952","doi":"10.1126/science.abc2960","title":"Capturing roaming molecular fragments in real time","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Science","topic":"Radioactive element chemistry and processing","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":122,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada; CAE (Canada); University of Ottawa; Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Foundation for Innovation","keywords":"Roaming; Dissociation (chemistry); Chemical physics; Chemistry; Coulomb explosion; Molecule; Nanotechnology; Computer science; Materials science; Physical chemistry; Ionization; Ion","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0139373755970434,"gpt":0.2562222616279828,"spread":0.2422848860309395,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001348715,0.00007422651,0.00007306207,0.00001855323,0.00009242942,0.00005770005,0.0004492152,0.00002578874,0.0002646677],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001334818,0.00007814698,0.00001599076,0.0003213192,0.00011266,0.0002415923,0.0001170012,0.0001202611,0.00002606137],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007263028,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007921964,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000007978773,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.229585e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990665,0.000003444423,0.0001092761,0.0003051568,0.0002707102,0.0002449244],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996789,0.00001175329,0.00004089022,0.0001465367,0.00001834188,0.0001036423],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004195203,0.000007143542,0.002579329,0.00003330233,0.000001308946,0.00002347227,0.0004198432,0.0001063238,0.9953841,0.000007917985,0.000005860491,0.001427177],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001387736,0.00000294788,0.0003182029,0.0000387505,0.000001805267,0.000001754472,0.0001343118,0.00374401,0.9952093,0.0001056768,0.000206455,0.0000979829],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9257985,0.00005107838,0.00004900835,0.000238793,0.00001215026,0.00001392506,0.000001301783,0.00003742431,0.07379777],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989936,0.000003384841,0.0007138593,0.00009760533,0.00004566734,0.000002437745,0.000001646461,0.000005225424,0.0001366177],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.07366115,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3186741,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2002615293","doi":"10.2113/gscanmin.43.3.1005","title":"EFFECTS OF CATIONIC SUBSTITUTIONS AND ALTERATION IN URANINITE, AND IMPLICATIONS FOR THE DATING OF URANIUM DEPOSITS","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Mineralogist","topic":"Radioactive element chemistry and processing","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":122,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Uraninite; Uranium; Geology; Geochemistry; Uranium ore; Mineralogy; Metallurgy; Materials science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01524588013561958,"gpt":0.2570721599410147,"spread":0.2418262798053951,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001029072,0.00005760922,0.00007107006,0.00002277865,0.0002627216,0.00002457532,0.00008414507,0.00003286577,0.000006563812],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001185451,0.00004200228,0.00001301927,0.00008116165,0.0001550681,0.00006953539,0.000006295245,0.00006246953,6.531529e-8],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005603664,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001070758,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01212096,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.1764763,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996211,0.000009480174,0.0001488918,0.00008898279,0.00002957295,0.0001019701],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993604,0.0003619173,0.00007937234,0.0001122809,0.00004704042,0.00003902743],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001342243,0.00002070917,0.01598696,0.0003990037,0.00003684404,2.518967e-7,0.0008034511,0.0006476465,0.9618611,0.008745165,0.0002478235,0.01123764],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001478262,0.00002394694,0.1777992,0.0002141856,0.0001985331,0.00004354454,0.0002952404,0.007663636,0.808447,0.001183333,0.002376008,0.0002771565],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.992091,0.001806718,0.000467114,0.003044426,0.00001073461,0.0001859239,0.00007273578,0.000004486049,0.002316871],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993972,0.00004432575,0.0002534717,0.00005772664,0.00005528859,0.00005124908,0.00003796361,0.000004125232,0.00009868203],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1643553,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9944574,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2009763487","doi":"10.1021/ja308993g","title":"Oxo-Functionalization and Reduction of the Uranyl Ion through Lanthanide-Element Bond Homolysis: Synthetic, Structural, and Bonding Analysis of a Series of Singly Reduced Uranyl–Rare Earth 5f<sup>1</sup>-4f<sup><i>n</i></sup> Complexes","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of the American Chemical Society","topic":"Radioactive element chemistry and processing","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":121,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","keywords":"Uranyl; Chemistry; Homolysis; Crystallography; Lanthanide; Electron paramagnetic resonance; Metal; Stereochemistry; Inorganic chemistry; Ion; Radical; Nuclear magnetic resonance; Organic chemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01097512207577002,"gpt":0.2374576739059558,"spread":0.2264825518301857,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002246748,0.0002490184,0.0007351686,0.00003875514,0.0002325678,0.00005171133,0.0002996417,0.00008994521,0.0002097916],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001165556,0.0001651879,0.000549348,0.0007650728,0.000985047,0.0003833474,0.0001105848,0.0003333704,7.36577e-8],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009550767,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007532338,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001037433,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":5.644633e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979814,0.00007421526,0.000862748,0.0002637909,0.0005942847,0.0002235139],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9972851,0.000165531,0.00185265,0.000296074,0.0003285329,0.00007214174],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001626063,0.00006779546,0.00538442,0.000277286,0.001507848,1.928562e-7,0.003548095,0.001807095,0.9860148,0.00002104091,0.0003888497,0.0008199179],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000459597,0.0000466801,0.001721484,0.0003011222,0.001394035,0.00008932754,0.01169836,0.003476026,0.9801285,0.0003679131,0.0001422743,0.0001746222],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9983469,0.0005001892,0.0000559711,0.0007735137,0.00002028628,0.00009111447,0.00006608036,0.000008799503,0.0001371064],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9979294,0.0002743414,0.001503089,0.00004498438,0.0001318863,0.000004744012,0.0000175372,0.00001822447,0.00007582579],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.008150269,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6736168,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1968103621","doi":"10.1016/j.jconhyd.2014.06.001","title":"Uranium release from sediment to groundwater: Influence of water chemistry and insights into release mechanisms","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Contaminant Hydrology","topic":"Radioactive element chemistry and processing","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":120,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"","keywords":"Groundwater; Dissolution; Silicate minerals; Uranium; Environmental chemistry; Chemistry; Desorption; Aquifer; Leaching (pedology); Clay minerals; Adsorption; Silicate; Sediment; Soil water; Surface water; Mineral; Mineralogy; Geology; Environmental science; Soil science; Environmental engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.003917511238970015,"gpt":0.208344508401282,"spread":0.204426997162312,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002989144,0.0002454902,0.0005606154,0.00004400545,0.000095645,0.00002559375,0.0003036929,0.0002185633,0.000258923],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001783346,0.0001800712,0.00009290394,0.00004979685,0.0001126175,0.0002247646,0.0001043983,0.0003693855,0.00000513508],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007748537,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005256662,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006971349,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005337223,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983204,0.00005359448,0.0007600479,0.000286172,0.0002814109,0.0002983626],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985175,0.0001542596,0.0004935978,0.0002594004,0.0003055947,0.0002696652],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006319774,0.0001119794,0.0005670266,0.0002202926,0.000114421,0.00006789862,0.001374874,0.0001741673,0.994903,0.00004090622,0.00003645942,0.00175694],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001415469,0.0002578257,0.0002387063,0.000191672,0.000124278,0.0001030089,0.0001652626,0.0003505917,0.9845945,0.003478317,0.008867945,0.0002124545],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9966869,0.0002932017,0.001902003,0.0004165337,0.00009250701,0.00003858055,0.000002987367,0.00001035006,0.0005569695],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985065,0.00006174279,0.0006896878,0.0002740643,0.0002588703,0.000004768322,0.000009615723,0.00002012919,0.0001746517],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01030859,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.734309,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1985917024","doi":"10.2113/gscanmin.41.2.489","title":"CRYSTAL STRUCTURES AND SYNTHESIS OF THE COPPER-DOMINANT MEMBERS OF THE AUTUNITE AND META-AUTUNITE GROUPS: TORBERNITE, ZEUNERITE, METATORBERNITE AND METAZEUNERITE","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Mineralogist","topic":"Radioactive element chemistry and processing","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":117,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Copper; Crystal structure; Materials science; Crystallography; Chemistry; Metallurgy","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0241902560466144,"gpt":0.230815943693617,"spread":0.2066256876470026,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005740076,0.0003861195,0.0006340956,0.00006989946,0.0006778463,0.0001111528,0.0004482724,0.000153267,0.0002669724],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005294373,0.0002013176,0.0001840242,0.000315259,0.001642246,0.0001512871,0.0001049207,0.0003719147,1.422512e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009950854,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002978928,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0247784,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.06131885,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982108,0.0002419879,0.0004479298,0.0003672269,0.0003139898,0.0004180291],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981274,0.0004387729,0.0003986507,0.0006587895,0.0001160064,0.0002603671],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001659958,0.00009028331,0.02749217,0.002066686,0.00692036,0.00003582439,0.00497908,0.000191518,0.9402411,0.01294292,0.002298159,0.002575915],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001827877,0.00004774922,0.01206999,0.0001989978,0.01345413,0.0006813284,0.003782854,0.0003841002,0.8599947,0.00353399,0.102693,0.001331261],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9782808,0.005096065,0.000001868592,0.001125057,0.00007120505,0.0001885091,0.0005602029,0.000009756935,0.01466655],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9967474,0.0001103398,0.0001977161,0.0002712814,0.00003874956,0.00002828346,0.000007199173,0.00003306588,0.002565992],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1003948,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9817157,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2272888176","doi":"10.1515/pac-2015-0501","title":"Discovery of the element with atomic number <i>Z</i> = 118 completing the 7<sup>th</sup> row of the periodic table (IUPAC Technical Report)","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Pure and Applied Chemistry","topic":"Radioactive element chemistry and processing","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":113,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"","keywords":"Chemical nomenclature; Chemistry; Table (database); Element (criminal law); Periodic table; Group (periodic table); Organic chemistry; Database; Computer science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.005533363464304643,"gpt":0.2138528928418546,"spread":0.2083195293775499,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000252403,0.0002824179,0.0003186692,0.000003340564,0.000342547,0.00005599503,0.0005927043,0.0001440648,0.0003253131],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004349411,0.0001216216,0.0001207922,0.0001622407,0.0007058209,0.00007436361,0.0002822598,0.0003637101,5.751438e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006591871,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000164622,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000007410362,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000169018,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982894,0.00001239771,0.0004904508,0.0004189365,0.0004500269,0.0003387831],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982907,0.0001505257,0.0005970224,0.00085228,0.00005944632,0.00005006382],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008318691,0.00006910105,0.01706335,0.0005136961,0.00008714851,0.000002390892,0.0001158995,0.00002304414,0.9803751,0.0001127894,0.0008902248,0.0006641342],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006367363,0.000002988811,0.0001862249,0.0003618175,0.0001104275,0.0001822593,0.000725847,0.00001680158,0.9896271,0.0002972468,0.007651255,0.0002012799],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9512914,0.00018365,0.00009314998,0.0008006528,0.000009970224,0.0001301071,0.0001216059,0.00002617371,0.0473433],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9967865,0.00002769451,0.00005880523,0.00006832217,0.0001781593,0.00006293676,0.00001497634,0.00002786977,0.00277474],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0454951,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4959587,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2054300247","doi":"10.1111/j.1751-7915.2009.00087.x","title":"Coupling a genome‐scale metabolic model with a reactive transport model to describe <i>in situ</i> uranium bioremediation","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Microbial Biotechnology","topic":"Radioactive element chemistry and processing","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":111,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Bioremediation; Geobacter; Geobacter sulfurreducens; Environmental science; Chemistry; Environmental chemistry; Biology; Ecology; Contamination; Bacteria; Genetics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01068195648426975,"gpt":0.2193295872026693,"spread":0.2086476307183996,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012596,0.0003281993,0.0004175575,0.000190218,0.0001172812,0.00002216563,0.0003434185,0.0005561368,0.00001723309],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001213033,0.0003291201,0.00007078879,0.0004870609,0.0001029072,0.000141547,0.00002499732,0.0005821013,0.000006463983],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001808464,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001410441,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001797539,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001016863,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982502,0.00000436897,0.0003622436,0.0006677813,0.0001465023,0.0005689076],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993384,0.00001134578,0.0001346127,0.0003592716,0.00005992557,0.00009643659],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003622612,0.0001538316,0.00006625717,0.00003228555,0.0000249427,0.00001406133,0.0007216507,0.04595576,0.9516478,0.00006259214,0.00001352226,0.0009450761],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009785328,0.00004072275,0.00002829729,0.00005338255,0.00005657933,0.00002704965,0.0002003742,0.02335222,0.974271,0.000192293,0.0004040806,0.0003954646],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9598998,0.0001704093,0.03620968,0.001819144,0.00001295764,0.0001732177,0.00007026659,0.0002078909,0.001436573],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9877961,0.00006216372,0.01146854,0.0003120781,0.00006556746,0.00002609304,0.00008790821,0.00003173789,0.0001498418],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02789621,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999161,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2132923457","doi":"10.1039/c5ja00231a","title":"Accurate determination of lithium isotope ratios by MC-ICP-MS without strict matrix-matching by using a novel washing method","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry","topic":"Radioactive element chemistry and processing","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":109,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Lithium (medication); Matrix (chemical analysis); Isotope; Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry; Matching (statistics); Chemistry; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Isotopes of lithium; Chromatography; Radiochemistry; Mathematics; Mass spectrometry; Ion; Statistics; Physics; Organic chemistry; Ion exchange; Nuclear physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03179849489851919,"gpt":0.3440119619389503,"spread":0.3122134670404312,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001700491,0.0003164584,0.0007774244,0.0002465216,0.0001057352,0.0001751507,0.0004549072,0.0002217628,0.0002941234],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007877088,0.0002815672,0.0002610276,0.0006324037,0.0000748845,0.0008379836,0.00007370646,0.0008457301,0.000001881624],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006732302,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003362194,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003262359,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":4.436128e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9970495,0.00008547541,0.001275713,0.0003148603,0.0008628654,0.0004115665],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9973376,0.0004723143,0.001231677,0.0002285802,0.0003882459,0.000341605],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003262494,0.0002358497,0.001885103,0.000195835,0.0002503521,0.000009783429,0.0002443933,0.000155438,0.9949671,0.00004510316,0.0007928959,0.0008918707],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00208623,0.0001023641,0.00002014517,0.0003072055,0.0004368452,0.0005634513,0.001013885,0.07564954,0.9178898,0.0006925781,0.0008555593,0.0003823777],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6560346,0.0005128508,0.340361,0.0001367762,0.00007248525,0.00004112833,0.00003552382,0.00001650909,0.002789052],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9357182,0.00002972817,0.06330094,0.0000399826,0.0004202295,8.372055e-7,0.00001339185,0.00003989886,0.0004367301],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2796836,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999636,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2534296248","doi":"10.1515/pac-2015-1204","title":"Comprehensive definition of oxidation state (IUPAC Recommendations 2016)","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Pure and Applied Chemistry","topic":"Radioactive element chemistry and processing","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":108,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Chemistry; Chemical nomenclature; Oxidation state; Ionic bonding; Graph; State (computer science); Computational chemistry; Organic chemistry; Ion; Combinatorics; Metal; Algorithm","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0198468121967935,"gpt":0.2541366059420842,"spread":0.2342897937452907,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00004824233,0.0001645024,0.0001748341,0.00001192478,0.0001011693,0.00002050021,0.00009638145,0.0001051895,0.001400042],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001529875,0.0001350586,0.00003774087,0.00006315534,0.0001100767,0.0001000813,0.00003848443,0.0001076854,0.000004923792],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000339337,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003866654,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000001249751,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.61749e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991427,0.000003831369,0.0002658686,0.0002759275,0.0001274084,0.0001842426],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993314,0.0001140874,0.0002169818,0.0001878845,0.0000721649,0.0000774513],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004742641,0.00004182251,0.0001643102,0.0004087909,0.00003912895,4.645287e-7,0.00006713085,4.900319e-7,0.9688192,0.000136268,0.0007963027,0.02947868],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000663344,0.000003084964,0.00003752661,0.0001436709,0.00002571484,0.000006801295,0.0002128955,0.000002178034,0.9830638,0.005734039,0.009927288,0.0001797153],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9133142,0.0002120115,0.0007211922,0.0004296302,0.00001571701,0.00003904096,0.0002398867,0.00005863981,0.08496971],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9975605,0.0003422326,0.0006312378,0.00003272094,0.000104371,0.00003049372,0.0002180196,0.00001629408,0.001064103],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.08424635,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995128,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3134396339","doi":"10.1351/pac-rep-09-10-03","title":"Mechanisms of chemical generation of volatile hydrides for trace element determination (IUPAC Technical Report)","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Pure and Applied Chemistry","topic":"Radioactive element chemistry and processing","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":105,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Canadian Standards Association","funders":"","keywords":"Chemistry; Chemical nomenclature; Borane; Derivatization; Chemical reaction; Catalysis; Organic chemistry; Mass spectrometry; Chromatography","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0251101247372293,"gpt":0.2584510410771265,"spread":0.2333409163398972,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001560073,0.0001746543,0.0002590571,0.0000112367,0.00004689962,0.000009498975,0.0001259215,0.0002165517,0.0003173519],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004300876,0.0001784565,0.00007333546,0.00005308225,0.00008544393,0.00005533927,0.00003564014,0.00012173,8.899721e-8],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003098236,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004129451,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000001211744,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.231255e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988233,0.000001875674,0.0004895304,0.0003323244,0.0001805322,0.0001724129],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991713,0.00003998949,0.0004172876,0.0002268492,0.0000807066,0.00006391783],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008412499,0.0001233226,0.00004906247,0.0009390577,0.0000284367,0.000001700403,0.0001054955,9.767163e-7,0.9928877,0.0002657247,0.0000731673,0.005441202],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004587131,0.00001111205,0.000005674658,0.00004386888,0.00008023869,0.00003447827,0.0001209712,0.0004326231,0.9948376,0.003629806,0.0001703137,0.0001745861],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9667235,0.0001098561,0.01400807,0.00001901539,0.00001332875,0.0001262861,0.00008206595,0.00003997322,0.0188779],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9894501,0.000006733654,0.009915113,0.000005437328,0.0001115257,0.0001126483,0.0002059268,0.00001852529,0.0001739815],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0227266,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7277245,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2910181972","doi":"10.1128/aem.02418-18","title":"Molecular Hydrogen, a Neglected Key Driver of Soil Biogeochemical Processes","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Applied and Environmental Microbiology","topic":"Radioactive element chemistry and processing","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":103,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Armand Frappier Museum; Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Government of Canada; Armand-Frappier Foundation","keywords":"Biogeochemical cycle; Key (lock); Environmental science; Astrobiology; Hydrogen; Environmental chemistry; Chemistry; Biochemical engineering; Computer science; Earth science; Biology; Ecology; Engineering; Geology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01003135312522659,"gpt":0.2201394468712339,"spread":0.2101080937460073,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00002769979,0.0005201518,0.001229159,0.00004438238,0.00005396752,0.00001059706,0.0002754279,0.0006809265,0.0005111783],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000007097629,0.0004652246,0.0001777892,0.00009326785,0.0004067745,0.00002601138,0.0002060178,0.0003752848,0.00003589052],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008216802,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008407711,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000002207999,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.688538e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983929,0.00001723255,0.0004865713,0.0006903858,0.00005925116,0.0003535991],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991244,0.00009388576,0.0004094181,0.0002941751,0.000004841796,0.00007325035],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001306593,0.00009927728,0.00001554669,0.02120568,0.0003085182,0.000005182772,0.000039562,8.994045e-7,0.9182584,0.000005580272,0.00003536396,0.06001298],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002911823,0.00001286594,1.086203e-7,0.0009929992,0.0005046818,0.0001381133,0.00003534685,6.552933e-7,0.5501726,0.00002627538,0.4474232,0.0004019007],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.05746157,0.9393929,0.000003797876,0.0000026991,0.00001728501,0.0001670545,0.0007139628,0.0000255922,0.002215168],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.03456493,0.9603543,0.00005677721,0.00002582173,0.00005963141,0.00005983262,0.004716168,0.0000582688,0.0001042375],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4473879,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997799,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2106635583","doi":"10.1128/jb.185.1.71-79.2003","title":"Function of Oxygen Resistance Proteins in the Anaerobic, Sulfate-Reducing Bacterium <i>Desulfovibrio vulgaris</i> Hildenborough","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Bacteriology","topic":"Radioactive element chemistry and processing","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":100,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; U.S. Department of Energy","keywords":"Desulfovibrio vulgaris; Periplasmic space; Superoxide; Superoxide dismutase; Mutant; Biology; Biochemistry; Microaerophile; Molecular biology; Microbiology; Oxidative stress; Bacteria; Gene; Escherichia coli; Enzyme; Genetics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01738407827692913,"gpt":0.2269712845943858,"spread":0.2095872063174567,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005848396,0.0001917672,0.0004327509,0.00007407051,0.00008829982,0.00003819104,0.0004109881,0.0001814731,0.0008674515],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001438102,0.0001446999,0.0001352424,0.0002035123,0.0001244902,0.0003321845,0.00002899393,0.0005910422,0.000003198706],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001006797,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005819947,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001423128,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001187331,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982803,0.0001298358,0.0008845977,0.0002049232,0.0002078847,0.0002924652],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982921,0.0001619851,0.001062672,0.0002761486,0.0001557338,0.00005133142],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004698104,0.0001555002,0.001595711,0.0002122865,0.00007690424,0.0000386844,0.001000254,0.00005917763,0.9935429,0.00002280222,0.0007783099,0.002047654],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003475963,0.0004798834,0.03042667,0.0009609976,0.0001941182,0.0006197075,0.001479956,0.00009190718,0.8918673,0.0004637666,0.06936341,0.0005762848],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9932317,0.0009794002,0.0001543751,0.0007262889,0.0001746124,0.00006343378,0.00001120908,0.000008304009,0.004650645],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982299,0.0001791651,0.0005519412,0.00009428593,0.0004940722,0.000007281908,0.000009525234,0.00001661799,0.0004172047],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1016756,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9497986,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2114460876","doi":"10.1351/pac200678112075","title":"Glossary of terms relating to pesticides (IUPAC Recommendations 2006)","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Pure and Applied Chemistry","topic":"Radioactive element chemistry and processing","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":99,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Glossary; Chemical nomenclature; Chemistry; Pesticide; Environmental chemistry; Management science; Ecology; Organic chemistry; Linguistics; Engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008298034926986818,"gpt":0.2478139261045472,"spread":0.2395158911775604,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000802998,0.0002040143,0.0002210792,0.00001455146,0.0001648256,0.00004192702,0.0001454466,0.0001451245,0.0008815022],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003022673,0.0002131565,0.00004513625,0.0001274697,0.00007317516,0.00006080885,0.0000639013,0.00022661,0.000002675424],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003444414,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002828156,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001074107,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":9.897449e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998898,0.000002439047,0.0003484126,0.0003391058,0.0001527879,0.0002592773],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993842,0.00009085313,0.0001734899,0.0002189697,0.00003376584,0.0000986899],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002538647,0.00006476285,0.003703475,0.0005186824,0.00002391261,0.000001894319,0.00007149425,0.00005716015,0.9859177,0.0001408073,0.003057317,0.006417383],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002998237,0.0000029317,0.0001308789,0.0001252473,0.00003934979,0.00001413268,0.0002637824,0.00002912741,0.9880648,0.002140258,0.008645265,0.0002444097],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6083354,0.0001705927,0.0002010133,0.0002888825,0.00001119438,0.00003830169,0.000122558,0.0000604382,0.3907716],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9940203,0.00001016427,0.001593537,0.0000497043,0.0003483501,0.00003328331,0.0002233167,0.0000225638,0.003698727],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3870729,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9651831,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2080515836","doi":"10.1016/j.talanta.2010.08.023","title":"Use of amidoximated hydrogel for removal and recovery of U(VI) ion from water samples","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Talanta","topic":"Radioactive element chemistry and processing","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":99,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Health Canada; Erciyes Üniversitesi","keywords":"Chemistry; Uranyl; Copolymer; Acrylonitrile; Sulfonic acid; Nuclear chemistry; Triarylmethane dye; Adsorption; Acrylic acid; Langmuir adsorption model; Polymer chemistry; Inorganic chemistry; Ion; Polymer; Organic chemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02802806702708317,"gpt":0.2482122680205799,"spread":0.2201842009934967,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006310482,0.00009541712,0.0001725908,0.00001459637,0.00003626289,0.00001563654,0.00007559057,0.0001003368,0.0003556742],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005684147,0.00007673812,0.00004288693,0.00001921056,0.00007091471,0.0001302559,0.00003034042,0.00009224795,6.872013e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000006129126,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000115649,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000100724,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001119916,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994252,0.000003144909,0.0002000739,0.0001651995,0.00007959309,0.0001267812],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994988,0.0001479364,0.0001085596,0.0001715768,0.00004069978,0.00003246729],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002188749,0.0000353159,0.00342233,0.0002542713,0.00004902013,0.000001582264,0.000139757,0.000001350183,0.9940535,0.00001099548,0.0001343767,0.001678673],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003861742,0.000009555852,0.0001503396,0.0000638933,0.00003856316,0.00001272068,0.00004485864,0.0002024434,0.9957995,0.0007774096,0.002417362,0.00009721962],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9985937,0.00004298691,0.00002737112,0.00001854012,0.00004393311,0.0000352894,0.0004526858,0.00001865898,0.0007668352],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9979418,0.00002250498,0.001139571,0.000007994868,0.00009536104,0.000003792967,0.0004133461,0.00001303943,0.0003625923],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.003271991,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3894383,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2004483329","doi":"10.1029/2002rg000118","title":"Why small? The use of small inorganic clusters to understand mineral surface and dissolution reactions in geochemistry","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Reviews of Geophysics","topic":"Radioactive element chemistry and processing","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":99,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Dissolution; Metal; Valence (chemistry); Ligand (biochemistry); Inorganic chemistry; Chemistry; Mineral; Electron exchange; Aqueous solution; Oxidation state; Geochemistry; Mineralogy; Geology; Ion; Physical chemistry; Organic chemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.06897292324249359,"gpt":0.2666133714022899,"spread":0.1976404481597963,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002056104,0.0001623971,0.0003266559,0.00001198711,0.00006059557,0.00002093011,0.0001195317,0.00007024302,0.00005029687],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002204542,0.0001323256,0.00007679783,0.0002493422,0.00008388259,0.0001034403,0.00003491811,0.0001796177,7.924436e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006973292,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004500773,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001018427,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005082604,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990276,0.00004778553,0.0004304527,0.0002182023,0.00009801629,0.0001779387],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991038,0.0001657025,0.0002934378,0.0003231205,0.00005789724,0.00005602009],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003180892,0.0001243372,0.001830526,0.002261982,0.000037343,8.240413e-7,0.0005128073,0.0002670831,0.9922688,0.00009932028,0.0005268063,0.002038345],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008236825,0.00003837878,0.0005227874,0.001629259,0.0001833581,0.00001804029,0.001298378,0.0004224659,0.8905323,0.0007173876,0.1032782,0.0005358018],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9955904,0.001935044,0.0006370822,0.000200139,0.00002031315,0.0001415118,0.00001780146,0.00000738727,0.001450291],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9940338,0.002750968,0.002367596,0.0001559041,0.00004550716,0.000008390688,0.00002547071,0.00002082407,0.0005914991],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1027514,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5396079,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2802154306","doi":"10.1038/s41467-018-03564-7","title":"Uranium transport in acidic brines under reducing conditions","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nature Communications","topic":"Radioactive element chemistry and processing","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":98,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Los Alamos National Laboratory; Laboratory Directed Research and Development; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Glenn T. Seaborg Institute","keywords":"Uranium; Aqueous solution; Depleted uranium; Uranium ore; Chemistry; Natural uranium; Chloride; Metal; Environmental science; Materials science; Metallurgy","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02463390225287213,"gpt":0.3257127614135664,"spread":0.3010788591606943,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001126042,0.0001222594,0.0001225166,0.0000515648,0.0003707269,0.0000227587,0.000691996,0.0002468318,0.0008959019],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000814926,0.0001324156,0.00005101008,0.0003084347,0.0003872273,0.0001753034,0.00005766979,0.0008629786,0.00001605038],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008006935,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007731714,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004477667,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004875253,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999249,0.00002101219,0.0002288799,0.0002000362,0.0001148805,0.0001862377],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984971,0.0001230106,0.00008253511,0.001055079,0.0001910979,0.00005118485],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000441618,0.0005059979,0.03779984,0.0001404986,0.0001223377,0.000004039837,0.00162036,0.00002950806,0.9439999,0.008333025,0.005687681,0.001712688],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001387739,0.0000183664,0.06279638,0.0004377696,0.0001164096,0.00004445729,0.002505022,0.0006685535,0.7617281,0.002846548,0.1666927,0.000757953],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6596681,0.002550756,0.00009828316,0.005596137,0.0001366929,0.00008715605,0.00009298257,0.0001887165,0.3315811],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9970865,0.0001513783,0.001092721,0.0002519287,0.0002396083,0.0000316791,0.0004165089,0.00001689858,0.0007127571],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3374183,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9809498,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}