{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":1161,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":2,"predictions_cover":1161,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12"},"query_hash":"7a2043bdfe3d","filters":{"topic":"SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing"}},"results":[{"id":"W3012991084","doi":"10.1021/acsnano.0c02624","title":"Diagnosing COVID-19: The Disease and Tools for Detection","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"ACS Nano","topic":"SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing","field":"Medicine","cited_by":1840,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Hospital for Sick Children; Sunnybrook Health Science Centre; Public Health Ontario; University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canadian Institutes of Health Research","keywords":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2); Outbreak; 2019-20 coronavirus outbreak; Point of care; Point-of-care testing; Data science; Virology; Pandemic; Disease; Computer science; Computational biology; Medicine; Biology; Infectious disease (medical specialty); Pathology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1593864693154849,"gpt":0.3999296505230847,"spread":0.2405431812075998,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002070797,0.000218583,0.0006217571,0.00007915899,0.0002546619,0.0001207461,0.00007629278,0.000121093,0.000005976771],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01027655,0.0001410521,0.0002332397,0.000275109,0.00005147922,0.00008181159,0.00004911227,0.0002300236,0.00001904637],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001332509,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003859377,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001294173,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005115579,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990171,0.00007329765,0.0002930619,0.000323296,0.0001275374,0.0001657438],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9974673,0.00188602,0.0001798791,0.0002390471,0.00003888882,0.0001888875],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002281801,0.00001117001,0.00000433303,0.007425662,0.00006641596,0.00003788559,0.00002698145,3.265058e-8,0.0001486142,0.00001657777,0.000283527,0.991956],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003657634,0.00008923432,0.000003605643,0.00218596,0.001492127,0.0001828403,0.00002124485,0.00002263798,0.0004370221,0.0000482303,0.9950089,0.0001424014],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0002144747,0.9958026,0.00100708,0.0005800413,0.0003222821,0.001807085,0.00002642663,0.0001519987,0.00008799984],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.001319022,0.9918621,0.00009649477,0.005310877,0.0007475289,0.000535638,0.00002665604,0.00005736453,0.00004429727],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9947254,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9980603,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3027829318","doi":"10.1093/cid/ciaa638","title":"Predicting Infectious Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 From Diagnostic Samples","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Clinical Infectious Diseases","topic":"SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing","field":"Medicine","cited_by":1197,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Public Health Agency of Canada; University of Manitoba; Manitoba Health","funders":"","keywords":"Infectivity; Vero cell; Virology; Interquartile range; Coronavirus; Medicine; Viral culture; Viral load; Odds ratio; Confidence interval; Biology; Virus; Internal medicine; Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); Infectious disease (medical specialty)","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1147294417021971,"gpt":0.3797733882479792,"spread":0.2650439465457821,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002143926,0.0003897522,0.0008808897,0.0001024417,0.000305247,0.00009551836,0.0001531642,0.0002972467,0.0003277184],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0220881,0.0003759815,0.0005206447,0.0005023395,0.0002893401,0.0002127944,0.0001858615,0.0008344621,0.0006073799],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001172704,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002960564,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002515547,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007073617,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9968976,0.0003109049,0.00106748,0.0008742199,0.0003926501,0.0004571773],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9921414,0.006097345,0.0003662577,0.0004769258,0.000200198,0.0007179209],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001256769,0.0005375018,0.9855434,0.00008004202,0.0004592796,0.0009717371,0.00005854252,0.00001704383,0.001037843,0.0000127826,0.0009352567,0.01022087],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004870439,0.002719751,0.9814785,0.0002752788,0.001677731,0.0002645131,0.00005710013,0.0004374588,0.0008103878,0.0005089692,0.006396626,0.0005032509],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9931769,0.0009495784,0.0003095897,0.0002396318,0.001158719,0.000653428,0.000321846,0.001969037,0.001221239],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9755526,0.00007876458,0.00003710933,0.02251257,0.001571149,0.00008453962,0.00006115418,0.00008870903,0.00001339378],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02227294,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998692,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3038707046","doi":"10.1136/bmj.m2516","title":"Diagnostic accuracy of serological tests for covid-19: systematic review and meta-analysis","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"BMJ","topic":"SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing","field":"Medicine","cited_by":921,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; McGill University; Université de Sherbrooke; McGill University Health Centre","funders":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research; McGill University","keywords":"Serology; Meta-analysis; Medicine; Population; Publication bias; Internal medicine; Immunology; Antibody","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.3892093014882026,"gpt":0.5004834877638749,"spread":0.1112741862756723,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001370824,0.0003702938,0.01070504,0.0001982685,0.00004736672,0.0000165397,0.0001488622,0.000192258,0.0001165186],"category_scores_gemma":[0.1649343,0.0002117153,0.002919776,0.0009579404,0.00004788494,0.00002453729,0.00006968338,0.0002311528,0.00002731663],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005515482,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002917321,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001072575,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004882992,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9969748,0.0004637762,0.001680084,0.0004599282,0.0002529689,0.0001684553],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.982321,0.01525124,0.001537982,0.0005553723,0.000144087,0.0001902929],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"systematic_review","study_design_gemma":"meta_analysis","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000002265305,0.00002392797,0.000002657804,0.9401933,0.05713958,0.00005164786,0.000006905368,8.604173e-8,3.120412e-7,0.00001513368,0.001058276,0.001505899],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001229501,0.0001053681,6.664639e-7,0.02828573,0.7732232,0.00038323,0.000003029005,0.00001389082,0.000001047566,0.00001115017,0.1977092,0.0001405672],"study_design_candidate":"systematic_review","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[4.783059e-7,0.9879616,0.0004696376,0.001641181,0.00002261431,0.009674944,0.00008725945,0.00007313154,0.00006915375],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00002178019,0.9851934,0.0008852308,0.01075109,0.00006750175,0.002940426,0.00004479731,0.00003027687,0.00006547411],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9119076,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8633499,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2066218616","doi":"10.1371/journal.pmed.1001306","title":"Point-of-Care Testing for Infectious Diseases: Diversity, Complexity, and Barriers in Low- And Middle-Income Countries","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"PLoS Medicine","topic":"SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing","field":"Medicine","cited_by":604,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Montreal Heart Institute; McGill University","funders":"European and Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership; Canadian Institutes of Health Research; Grand Challenges Canada; Fonds de Recherche du Québec - Santé; Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation","keywords":"Low and middle income countries; Point-of-care testing; Low income; Medicine; Global health; Developing country; Diversity (politics); Environmental health; Intensive care medicine; Public health; Economic growth; Immunology; Socioeconomics; Political science; Nursing; Economics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.06003890484079964,"gpt":0.2935005927744231,"spread":0.2334616879336234,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002318099,0.0001514819,0.0004316227,0.0002358116,0.0001866887,0.000006776624,0.00004302168,0.00006151202,0.00002087782],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003556426,0.000127957,0.00002610204,0.0002397898,0.0004077441,0.000133203,0.000156605,0.0001341131,0.000001225208],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006773675,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003742179,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001865424,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000531871,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990118,0.00003055423,0.0002721302,0.0001848044,0.0002289038,0.0002718294],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998638,0.0007164785,0.000116204,0.0001258392,0.0001857339,0.0002177252],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001186157,0.00003959212,0.9918697,0.00293033,0.00004070557,0.000009143187,0.003211489,1.43672e-7,0.001312593,0.0001490768,0.00001113529,0.0003074632],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01504454,0.002507325,0.9489565,0.01244412,0.0009545608,0.0003166616,0.008162343,0.001604495,0.008046674,0.001318576,0.0002107855,0.0004333748],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9956722,0.00229906,0.00004911403,0.0002958547,0.000166822,0.0005558237,0.00001853123,0.0000879641,0.0008545934],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985195,0.00001715981,0.0003703608,0.0007860432,0.0002580948,0.00001560613,0.000006913821,0.00001790373,0.000008389977],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.04291317,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5217933,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3033019032","doi":"10.1021/acsnano.0c03697","title":"Toward Nanotechnology-Enabled Approaches against the COVID-19 Pandemic","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"ACS Nano","topic":"SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing","field":"Medicine","cited_by":597,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Public Health Ontario; University of Toronto","funders":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche","keywords":"Nanotechnology; Context (archaeology); Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); Pandemic; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2); Nanomedicine; Infectious disease (medical specialty); Biochemical engineering; Biology; Nanoparticle; Engineering; Materials science; Medicine; Disease","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.3000884810271949,"gpt":0.3634978474131805,"spread":0.06340936638598554,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005528529,0.0005054626,0.001682177,0.0002522348,0.0002298313,0.00004345941,0.0005193815,0.0008366058,0.00001954319],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003748978,0.0003071189,0.0004995756,0.001135968,0.0002136146,0.00003795518,0.0002413907,0.001404178,0.0003915791],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004043798,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001121678,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002163009,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005241845,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9977621,0.000209072,0.0006535474,0.0006630167,0.0002921668,0.0004200687],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980122,0.000614911,0.0004170787,0.0007693308,0.0000439334,0.0001424758],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001278303,0.00003326217,0.00002404152,0.007682818,0.0002964883,0.0001677485,0.0001577792,1.702962e-7,0.0003803974,0.0001208545,0.001964539,0.9891591],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000528827,0.00008135653,1.66134e-7,0.001577445,0.0008755083,0.001767616,0.0001378153,0.00001338324,0.0003749613,0.00006452724,0.994286,0.0002924166],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0001497155,0.9914039,0.0001659867,0.001481079,0.0003440483,0.001470954,0.0000141904,0.001052799,0.003917368],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.001062939,0.9894035,0.0002161396,0.008070196,0.0004204348,0.0002967651,0.00005348329,0.000104213,0.000372326],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9923214,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999381,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3083653247","doi":"10.1101/2020.09.04.283077","title":"Improvements to the ARTIC multiplex PCR method for SARS-CoV-2 genome sequencing using nanopore","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)","topic":"SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing","field":"Medicine","cited_by":431,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"BC Centre for Disease Control; Michael Smith Health Research BC; University of British Columbia","funders":"Medical Research Council; Genome Canada; Canadian Institutes of Health Research; University of Glasgow; UK Research and Innovation; Wellcome Trust","keywords":"Nanopore sequencing; Genome; DNA sequencing; Multiplex; Computational biology; Protocol (science); Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2); Whole genome sequencing; Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); Genomics; Biology; Computer science; Genetics; Gene; Medicine","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.09256253001115525,"gpt":0.3219268804233078,"spread":0.2293643504121526,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001278346,0.0007588678,0.0009618528,0.0003533516,0.0004217868,0.0002476993,0.0005340474,0.0004660045,0.000007861642],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001987485,0.0006770515,0.0003802124,0.0008992399,0.0000703406,0.0001117219,0.0006386893,0.001009712,0.00006346782],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00104526,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001125039,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003207928,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001295079,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9959646,0.0001699075,0.0009438465,0.001474483,0.0005574248,0.0008896983],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9967265,0.0002042328,0.0005984127,0.001430971,0.0007920897,0.0002477594],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001096411,0.00005648891,0.0004210992,0.0006785059,0.0003211682,0.00006220474,0.00007500672,0.0001132044,0.9980367,0.00003419522,0.00007325375,0.00001846991],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001171231,0.0001671427,0.001646408,0.0004977721,0.0004857582,3.168105e-7,0.00002094392,0.04004333,0.9473874,0.00000450572,0.007899692,0.0006755104],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8766083,0.0002947949,0.1164393,0.0007828236,0.001343439,0.003707783,0.0001741418,0.0006409963,0.000008438079],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8198993,0.000004941209,0.1702887,0.007938573,0.001130945,0.0004820242,5.917445e-7,0.0002525677,0.000002292166],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.05670893,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999568,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3094110181","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2020.116560","title":"Quantitative analysis of SARS-CoV-2 RNA from wastewater solids in communities with low COVID-19 incidence and prevalence","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing","field":"Medicine","cited_by":418,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research; Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario; University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"RNA; Real-time polymerase chain reaction; Wastewater; Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); Biology; Medicine; Environmental science; Gene; Environmental engineering; Internal medicine","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.2384866992261644,"gpt":0.4348998997225656,"spread":0.1964132004964012,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008890763,0.0001227571,0.0004002755,0.0005806317,0.0001092766,0.00004533491,0.0001834607,0.00006065795,0.00005554792],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005107552,0.00008061841,0.00004479292,0.0009867157,0.0005024099,0.000138966,0.000227313,0.0005035216,0.00002032689],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007185397,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001031507,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01127845,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002426808,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998076,0.0004656292,0.0002874379,0.0002685354,0.0005712378,0.0003312107],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989592,0.0003757732,0.00004203568,0.0002981526,0.0002347393,0.00009008321],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008759266,0.00005074125,0.1298419,0.0003865566,0.0002275624,0.0001111874,0.04065018,0.00003727011,0.8277143,0.00001081681,0.00002258692,0.00007089332],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001031605,0.0007484037,0.006729318,0.000233252,0.0001283859,0.000007976458,0.007199633,0.02318059,0.9604741,0.00008382412,0.00007268327,0.0001101799],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9979132,0.000135222,0.0002312493,0.001170765,0.000007860164,0.0002860613,0.00002109476,0.00003195221,0.0002026073],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9980151,0.00002810137,0.0006744844,0.001181296,0.00001640899,0.00002586782,0.00001688831,0.00001557151,0.0000262552],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1327598,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9953055,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3072711991","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141750","title":"Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in raw and treated wastewater in Germany – Suitability for COVID-19 surveillance and potential transmission risks","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Science of The Total Environment","topic":"SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing","field":"Medicine","cited_by":416,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Global Institute for Water Security; University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Global Water Futures; Canada First Research Excellence Fund","keywords":"Wastewater; Biology; Infectivity; Virology; Coronavirus; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2); Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); Environmental science; Biotechnology; Virus; Environmental engineering; Medicine; Infectious disease (medical specialty)","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04746823361829195,"gpt":0.2930714171974175,"spread":0.2456031835791256,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007924419,0.00007665549,0.0001573555,0.00004499552,0.00008348769,0.000006139001,0.00008207944,0.00003041902,0.000003258107],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001812886,0.00004478474,0.00003566978,0.0001903073,0.0005829643,0.00005366157,0.00006765313,0.00008658824,3.833699e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007292785,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002629454,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003519875,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000009464252,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991556,0.0000704103,0.0002171795,0.000218853,0.0002019396,0.0001360284],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996595,0.00006788079,0.00008013519,0.0001480004,0.000006370663,0.00003808046],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002734804,0.00003512417,0.001738789,0.00005043742,0.000002525846,6.131235e-7,0.0007642272,0.0007876678,0.9944268,8.676108e-7,3.088482e-7,0.001919106],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001019138,0.0001762817,0.1395946,0.00001546168,0.00001031363,0.00001738508,0.0001054444,0.02761894,0.8313328,0.00005767619,0.00001079049,0.00004119414],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.997881,0.00006048928,0.0002541799,0.001241654,0.0000236588,0.0005140415,0.00000316109,0.000006645971,0.00001517726],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9998046,0.00001116169,0.00007199464,0.00008681412,0.000007785002,0.000008685693,1.639216e-7,0.000004374238,0.000004464435],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.163094,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2147956,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3161834201","doi":"10.1128/cmr.00228-20","title":"Tools and Techniques for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)/COVID-19 Detection","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Clinical Microbiology Reviews","topic":"SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing","field":"Medicine","cited_by":412,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Mila - Quebec Artificial Intelligence Institute; McGill University; Nova Scotia Health Authority; Dalhousie University; Concordia University","funders":"Concordia University; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Government of Canada","keywords":"Pandemic; Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); Medicine; Preparedness; Intensive care medicine; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2); Disease; Coronavirus; Severe acute respiratory syndrome; Public health; Virology; Infectious disease (medical specialty); Pathology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.4264317972770257,"gpt":0.5239989369034477,"spread":0.09756713962642194,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003888317,0.0008862946,0.006956577,0.0002746783,0.0002412782,0.00005946711,0.0003195713,0.002214177,0.00003218447],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01123136,0.0006796833,0.002273083,0.0005010622,0.0005270048,0.00009319981,0.0002885304,0.001735891,0.0001902526],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004105812,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001026617,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000006667491,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002238692,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9922808,0.001865464,0.003578577,0.001652033,0.00004139004,0.000581734],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9937499,0.003063077,0.001708155,0.001068318,0.0002001878,0.0002103168],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004293222,0.00008392196,0.00002060154,0.01409762,0.0004600965,0.0000852851,0.000004591004,6.373897e-10,0.01306792,0.00000554061,0.003633224,0.9684983],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007958501,0.001390974,0.000001943098,0.01226686,0.003637141,0.018373,0.000002532073,2.598336e-7,0.001105302,0.00001837569,0.9617908,0.0006169381],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0006597254,0.990595,0.0006616755,0.00006301721,0.001057787,0.006135876,0.0003841351,0.0003401591,0.0001026503],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.000004085274,0.9742048,0.002987984,0.02036208,0.0005498159,0.001259315,0.0003418947,0.0001282484,0.0001618137],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9678813,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995654,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3035912196","doi":"10.1021/acs.analchem.0c02060","title":"Molecular Diagnosis of COVID-19: Challenges and Research Needs","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Analytical Chemistry","topic":"SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing","field":"Medicine","cited_by":392,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research; Alberta Innovates; Alberta Health; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Government of Canada","keywords":"Computational biology; Virology; RNA; Polymerase chain reaction; Virus; Biology; Gene; Genetics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1722813317201942,"gpt":0.4007258892780926,"spread":0.2284445575578984,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002178544,0.00007409578,0.0001975072,0.000039377,0.00003030858,0.000007123436,0.00005738364,0.00009581225,0.000105675],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004304352,0.00006906468,0.00005554513,0.0003146884,0.0001841971,0.00001458209,0.00006995436,0.0002821758,0.00000777524],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002751027,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009142565,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000136155,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.628038e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991739,0.00002297942,0.0001552989,0.0001946033,0.0002888277,0.0001643554],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990616,0.0003441088,0.00002371561,0.0001422322,0.000102799,0.0003255679],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001480514,0.0001680165,0.009248278,0.002473999,0.0001643291,0.0003828679,0.0009602945,0.00000236114,0.9783615,0.000814768,0.001132734,0.006142767],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005872363,0.0001104859,0.0002470604,0.00004934687,0.00006604862,0.00004389738,0.0009659934,0.001963375,0.9818591,0.0002208728,0.01380845,0.00007815189],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9592574,0.001938941,0.00004207083,0.01626229,0.000003663888,0.00005983502,0.000001602675,0.00004549079,0.02238871],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9972497,0.0001914534,0.00007979175,0.002339107,0.00008630074,0.000008357624,0.000001457418,0.00001044294,0.0000333506],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03799234,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5153022,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3119343341","doi":"10.1001/jamainternmed.2020.8876","title":"Comparison of Saliva and Nasopharyngeal Swab Nucleic Acid Amplification Testing for Detection of SARS-CoV-2","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"JAMA Internal Medicine","topic":"SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing","field":"Medicine","cited_by":328,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University; McGill University Health Centre; Royal Victoria Regional Health Centre; Royal Victoria Hospital","funders":"","keywords":"Medicine; Meta-analysis; Nucleic Acid Amplification Tests; MEDLINE; Internal medicine; Virology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.2051585997789339,"gpt":0.438638101017479,"spread":0.2334795012385451,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006742804,0.0004215822,0.002896172,0.0005280059,0.00006265978,0.00001738873,0.0001712326,0.000365098,0.00001239649],"category_scores_gemma":[0.006888149,0.0003370259,0.0003193412,0.0006133314,0.0002226513,0.00008189561,0.00007964871,0.0006627821,0.000003727418],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001507049,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001384108,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000285319,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001770143,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9968612,0.0001287659,0.001796627,0.0005219361,0.0004385091,0.0002529686],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9956843,0.001386763,0.001732144,0.0003947295,0.0007314212,0.00007063945],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007830077,0.00008523603,0.0002715426,0.01560596,0.0002242651,0.000007928536,0.0001490327,3.658878e-8,0.3141359,0.00001632891,0.0001649612,0.6692605],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003627239,0.003739515,0.0003339442,0.1309438,0.003736567,0.001438346,0.0003341442,0.001220189,0.5767452,0.00004139626,0.2774019,0.0004378157],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.03346433,0.9600392,0.003532692,0.00008202474,0.0008178077,0.001182944,0.00002593122,0.0000879886,0.0007670659],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.5444724,0.4434557,0.006454884,0.0008226417,0.00385519,0.0003033401,0.0002167401,0.0003208858,0.00009827762],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6688227,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999081,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3122657984","doi":"10.1128/jcm.02881-20","title":"Performance of Saliva, Oropharyngeal Swabs, and Nasal Swabs for SARS-CoV-2 Molecular Detection: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Journal of Clinical Microbiology","topic":"SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing","field":"Medicine","cited_by":312,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2); Saliva; Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); Medicine; Meta-analysis; 2019-20 coronavirus outbreak; Economic shortage; Virology; Biology; Internal medicine; Outbreak","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.2084390279366921,"gpt":0.4609973498190221,"spread":0.2525583218823301,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","metaepi_broad"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00400811,0.0004659245,0.01725669,0.0004212247,0.0000555872,0.00001883203,0.0001967541,0.0006077149,0.00002061148],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004386084,0.0002906056,0.005351373,0.00060999,0.0002288795,0.00005678361,0.0001024938,0.0009533843,0.000003074731],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004134891,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003267906,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000003556729,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005433422,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9925303,0.001219198,0.005393662,0.0004785865,0.0001215094,0.0002567585],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9914116,0.002337924,0.004888591,0.0004362656,0.0008281103,0.00009745896],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"systematic_review","study_design_gemma":"meta_analysis","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009947109,0.0001620767,0.00001498477,0.8077034,0.1738528,0.0001064922,0.000007807332,1.163652e-7,0.006584053,0.000003871278,0.000120221,0.01134467],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009073549,0.001689332,0.000002314542,0.03800925,0.9030107,0.01062782,0.000005087034,0.00001324288,0.002306597,0.000003184162,0.04315598,0.0002691033],"study_design_candidate":"meta_analysis","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.006307725,0.9917901,0.0002152146,0.0001087729,0.0002218097,0.00128826,0.00004425905,0.00001022095,0.00001365485],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.001832885,0.9941573,0.00158424,0.002131795,0.0001557397,0.0000477296,0.0000147244,0.00004354123,0.00003209573],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7696942,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999546,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3153383196","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149877","title":"Minimizing errors in RT-PCR detection and quantification of SARS-CoV-2 RNA for wastewater surveillance","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"The Science of The Total Environment","topic":"SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing","field":"Medicine","cited_by":278,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Wastewater; Infection control; Virology; Medicine; Environmental science; Intensive care medicine; Environmental engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.08974328134107802,"gpt":0.3275886722736538,"spread":0.2378453909325758,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001335379,0.0001722011,0.0005961314,0.0001301999,0.0001261229,0.00001428901,0.000222687,0.00007443406,0.000002724984],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002898759,0.00009780941,0.0001906612,0.0004006473,0.0006233045,0.00005585996,0.0001627102,0.0001727922,0.000002809666],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001541931,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007308416,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004782112,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004255019,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998491,0.00009497271,0.000508811,0.0003487835,0.0003592015,0.0001972591],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988093,0.0001654561,0.0004685591,0.0005180346,0.00002187046,0.00001678498],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001656603,0.00005373569,0.000003862058,0.001386482,0.000024951,5.042199e-7,0.0002278976,0.000084199,0.8446475,0.00001309241,0.000001752294,0.1535395],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003601123,0.0001270892,0.0002739141,0.003290077,0.0002027155,0.0001259247,0.0002297943,0.001861922,0.9878885,0.0000301119,0.005434542,0.000175324],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6389543,0.3589514,0.00009305759,0.0001076427,0.0003746589,0.001389444,0.00001102307,0.00001082496,0.0001075918],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7678289,0.2310422,0.0007098708,0.00002632431,0.0000670944,0.0001192558,0.000003341817,0.00004092751,0.0001621172],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1533642,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3988552,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4290672784","doi":"10.1038/s41551-022-00919-w","title":"A lab-on-a-chip for the concurrent electrochemical detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA and anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in saliva and plasma","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nature Biomedical Engineering","topic":"SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing","field":"Medicine","cited_by":276,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities; National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research; National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; National Institute of Nursing Research; National Institute of Mental Health; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; National Institute on Aging; Harvard University; Fonds de recherche du Québec – Nature et technologies; National Institute on Drug Abuse; Natural Environment Research Council; Center for AIDS Research, University of Washington; National Institutes of Health; Paul G. Allen Frontiers Group; National Cancer Institute; Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard; Harvard University Center for AIDS Research; Hansjörg Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University; Massachusetts Consortium on Pathogen Readiness","keywords":"Saliva; Antibody; Virology; RNA; Coronavirus; Virus; Immune system; Antigen; Loop-mediated isothermal amplification; Serology; Biology; Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); Medicine; Immunology; Disease; Gene; Infectious disease (medical specialty); Biochemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01961992736108457,"gpt":0.2919738819029589,"spread":0.2723539545418743,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000388053,0.000210855,0.0003660569,0.0003233198,0.000108216,0.00001668926,0.00009102071,0.0002301136,0.00000113805],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001068265,0.0001666756,0.00007689271,0.0005075241,0.000120859,0.00003886936,0.00009296855,0.001188348,3.454377e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009068703,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004068945,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000020109,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000006345297,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986286,0.00002495969,0.0003241181,0.0003290875,0.00037574,0.0003175622],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991143,0.000586068,0.00008042513,0.0001304571,0.00004967418,0.00003907806],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001345418,0.00007557512,0.000172633,0.0002034927,0.00005930426,0.00001371745,0.0001416407,0.000002618571,0.991168,0.00009467924,0.00008218415,0.007851624],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001987449,0.0003996796,0.0008214816,0.000129149,0.00005284619,0.0002588647,0.00006636347,0.0519076,0.9346879,0.00001415094,0.0095203,0.0001542735],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9943921,0.002141583,0.001992073,0.0003906171,0.0005288402,0.0004141767,0.00001714693,0.0001014353,0.00002204935],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987454,0.00004304838,0.0003176312,0.000598011,0.0001939924,0.00005918151,0.000009023167,0.00003198851,0.000001696415],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.05648015,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6796835,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3030382634","doi":"10.3389/fchem.2020.00517","title":"Development of Point-of-Care Biosensors for COVID-19","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Frontiers in Chemistry","topic":"SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing","field":"Medicine","cited_by":250,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Michael Smith Health Research BC","keywords":"Biosensor; Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); Nanotechnology; Point-of-care testing; Computer science; Pandemic; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2); Point of care; Biochemical engineering; Engineering; Medicine; Materials science; Infectious disease (medical specialty); Disease; Pathology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.07610239837091283,"gpt":0.3677564793554357,"spread":0.2916540809845228,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001439835,0.0002681548,0.001592917,0.0001068731,0.00002753224,0.000003541891,0.0001527411,0.0003456425,0.00001641361],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001407117,0.0002530213,0.0003578034,0.0003288598,0.00007014049,0.00001123811,0.00004871415,0.0002918506,0.000001601158],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004955506,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001595217,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000001960112,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":5.081847e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984483,0.0000148067,0.0008246795,0.0003524913,0.0001780122,0.0001817598],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99899,0.0001062247,0.000475569,0.0002438684,0.00007714387,0.0001072185],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005816495,0.00003871807,0.00007810762,0.2230048,0.0002231307,0.00002517633,0.0005847165,1.05332e-7,0.001982225,4.825526e-7,0.002769606,0.7712348],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006249614,0.00001903849,2.856891e-7,0.007665548,0.0002749764,0.00003532119,0.0007777897,0.000008607029,0.08907104,0.000005041013,0.9013379,0.0001794774],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0002294903,0.9959243,0.001556558,0.0000229256,0.0003133843,0.0006858608,0.00005823831,0.00005007152,0.001159157],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0001052475,0.7524583,0.2459108,0.0002908006,0.0003033023,0.0002346179,0.0003475244,0.0001271608,0.0002222656],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8985683,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999922,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3094078202","doi":"10.1038/s41586-020-2885-5","title":"A pooled testing strategy for identifying SARS-CoV-2 at low prevalence","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nature","topic":"SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing","field":"Medicine","cited_by":238,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Perimeter Institute","funders":"Division of Mathematical Sciences; African Institute for Mathematical Sciences; Government of Canada; Académie de recherche et d'enseignement supérieur; Ministry of Colleges and Universities; Rwanda Biomedical Centre; Global Affairs Canada; University of Rwanda; Carnegie Corporation of New York; International Development Research Centre; Institut Périmètre de physique théorique; Innovation, Science and Economic Development Canada","keywords":"Pooling; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2); Group testing; Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); Statistics; Serial dilution; Medicine; Sample size determination; Replicate; Computer science; Infectious disease (medical specialty); Mathematics; Disease; Artificial intelligence; Internal medicine; Pathology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1085417052741594,"gpt":0.3647822744848064,"spread":0.2562405692106471,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001638224,0.000182446,0.0002498201,0.00006273388,0.0001642922,0.00004976301,0.0001221123,0.0005729934,0.00001597802],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003340024,0.000168169,0.0001163399,0.0004534474,0.00002950863,0.0001107019,0.00006140554,0.001320089,0.0000573451],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007962067,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008366023,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000007625314,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000798912,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987271,0.00002420933,0.0002501572,0.0004187592,0.000276275,0.0003034432],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999128,0.000254606,0.0001277474,0.0001832803,0.0002413639,0.00006500103],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001299372,0.00002445061,0.002252871,0.0008819899,0.00003641622,0.00005254202,0.0001879524,0.000004117624,0.9903325,0.00002545641,0.002096287,0.003975424],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001566147,0.0002667126,0.002374258,0.0004429764,0.0001451766,0.0001714413,0.00007610171,0.009846386,0.9819092,0.00009696913,0.002906472,0.0001981175],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9940678,0.001269848,0.0005475189,0.0008512939,0.0002742255,0.0006190586,0.0000152426,0.000398866,0.00195613],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9813567,0.000002514388,0.003911668,0.0139362,0.0005584798,0.00002801453,0.000007522611,0.00004152809,0.0001573207],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01308491,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6857731,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3038011122","doi":"10.1093/cid/ciaa848","title":"Sensitivity of Nasopharyngeal Swabs and Saliva for the Detection of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Clinical Infectious Diseases","topic":"SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing","field":"Medicine","cited_by":229,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Health Sciences Centre; Sunnybrook Health Science Centre; Toronto East General Hospital; Sinai Health System; University of Toronto","funders":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","keywords":"Saliva; Medicine; Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2); Respiratory system; Coronavirus; 2019-20 coronavirus outbreak; Betacoronavirus; Internal medicine; Virology; Immunology; Outbreak","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.09868722550906579,"gpt":0.3811943354920699,"spread":0.2825071099830042,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003822924,0.0001287065,0.000463345,0.00003835848,0.000101003,0.000008932958,0.00003611025,0.0001071072,0.000008720065],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003654279,0.00009868461,0.0002638898,0.0001861659,0.0003033367,0.00006289626,0.0000547321,0.0002019033,0.000004003852],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001863498,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008922042,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004463343,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002507453,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987708,0.0001751434,0.0005083359,0.0002661091,0.0001475815,0.0001319874],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9963278,0.002900394,0.0002616154,0.0001894722,0.0001834931,0.0001372408],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001913938,0.0007197193,0.6981437,0.0007427699,0.001053145,0.0001407299,0.0001097839,0.00001898151,0.2132191,0.0000425863,0.0002145817,0.08368094],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004350093,0.004390148,0.9372432,0.000117247,0.001600317,0.0002431889,0.00006872787,0.002451425,0.0478633,0.0001638474,0.001314889,0.000193623],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.997006,0.0007022492,0.001076965,0.0001405021,0.0002488569,0.0005382067,0.0001020637,0.0001222152,0.00006295029],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9968115,0.0000387943,0.00001625502,0.002861997,0.0002218082,0.00002147821,0.000002971019,0.00002084478,0.000004314237],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2390994,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4374777,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4286462248","doi":"10.1002/14651858.cd013705.pub3","title":"Rapid, point-of-care antigen tests for diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews","topic":"SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing","field":"Medicine","cited_by":228,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Department of Health and Social Care; Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo; National Institute for Health and Care Research; Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre; University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust; University of California, San Francisco; World Health Organization","keywords":"Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2); Point-of-care testing; Virology; Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); Point of care; Medicine; 2019-20 coronavirus outbreak; Antigen; Immunology; Intensive care medicine; Infectious disease (medical specialty); Disease; Outbreak; Pathology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.2687250103233871,"gpt":0.439733508712705,"spread":0.1710084983893179,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004219576,0.0007125536,0.01061339,0.0007575269,0.00009166232,0.000014046,0.0004033002,0.0002232181,0.0001699562],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01752876,0.0005192726,0.002389839,0.001233414,0.0001258875,0.0001454292,0.000181345,0.0003727801,0.0000409676],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001783949,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003254568,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008864533,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001460121,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9915054,0.001254714,0.005567496,0.0006478498,0.0007164807,0.0003080469],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9871789,0.003472885,0.006604445,0.00214148,0.0005411974,0.0000610422],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"systematic_review","study_design_gemma":"systematic_review","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001471527,0.0001733929,0.00002924943,0.8928826,0.0003425631,0.000008602535,0.0001079405,2.063163e-8,0.0005205418,0.00003277142,0.001157959,0.1047296],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004888524,0.0003689631,7.31013e-7,0.6161277,0.004940367,0.0002354988,0.00004933047,0.000007997492,0.00459238,0.000001838949,0.3729356,0.0002507422],"study_design_candidate":"systematic_review","study_design_consensus":"systematic_review","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0001990698,0.9798251,0.000247341,0.000003950432,0.0006116386,0.01777663,0.0009602444,0.00005311794,0.0003229255],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0000510588,0.9911565,0.001749826,0.00006625053,0.0001361664,0.005412961,0.00130648,0.0001130692,0.000007643825],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3717776,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997259,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3122502846","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145319","title":"Catching a resurgence: Increase in SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA identified in wastewater 48 h before COVID-19 clinical tests and 96 h before hospitalizations","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Science of The Total Environment","topic":"SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing","field":"Medicine","cited_by":224,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; University of Waterloo; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research; Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario; University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2); Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); Wastewater; Medicine; Epidemiology; Environmental health; Public health; Virology; Disease; Internal medicine; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Infectious disease (medical specialty); Pathology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0359991341247819,"gpt":0.3295641437319685,"spread":0.2935650096071866,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001927591,0.0001318389,0.0002308643,0.0001133911,0.0002405413,0.00003689171,0.0002514503,0.00005787674,0.0000245668],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001684221,0.00008229071,0.0000827459,0.0005427419,0.001100268,0.000161977,0.0004872159,0.0002813467,0.00001345794],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002272985,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002494508,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008315419,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002113762,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981239,0.0001691547,0.0005101889,0.0003964554,0.0005128249,0.0002874955],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999115,0.0001041078,0.0001522498,0.0005310714,0.00001467613,0.00008285483],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001102522,0.0005117508,0.09084228,0.00006729477,0.00002391449,0.0001148003,0.006768871,0.00150233,0.8967187,0.0003507034,0.00006324672,0.002925832],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001799027,0.0002036689,0.5520266,0.0002356203,0.00006537465,0.0002871083,0.001397755,0.0134976,0.4271376,0.003073918,0.000073294,0.0002024578],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9962758,0.00006064082,0.00001165954,0.002830456,0.0002195733,0.0003491778,0.000005020242,0.00001353126,0.0002340808],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990696,0.00000817281,0.0001959732,0.0004749001,0.00003581422,0.00001528415,0.00000174414,0.00001042903,0.000188034],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4695811,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4053982,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3036717743","doi":"10.1093/cid/ciaa760","title":"Infectious Diseases Society of America Guidelines on the Diagnosis of COVID-19 (June 2020)","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Clinical Infectious Diseases","topic":"SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing","field":"Medicine","cited_by":220,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Impact; Vancouver General Hospital; McMaster University","funders":"American Pediatric Society; Infectious Diseases Society of America; Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society","keywords":"Medicine; Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); 2019-20 coronavirus outbreak; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2); Pandemic; Coronavirus Infections; Betacoronavirus; Virology; MEDLINE; Intensive care medicine; Infectious disease (medical specialty); Outbreak; Pathology; Disease","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1519142170615605,"gpt":0.4306497050257235,"spread":0.2787354879641629,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002687925,0.0002903408,0.000877212,0.00005770239,0.0001913288,0.00002291768,0.0001724839,0.0001422814,0.0003723015],"category_scores_gemma":[0.03889639,0.0002055864,0.001170452,0.0008831593,0.0007596651,0.00006444068,0.00013639,0.00037526,0.00006068592],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000066315,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004673864,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001567166,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001005905,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9972023,0.0002861019,0.001288194,0.0005212639,0.0004336849,0.0002684942],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9927865,0.004997663,0.0006620378,0.000507462,0.0004775267,0.0005688698],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001957135,0.001596429,0.8483875,0.0004195268,0.0004253502,0.00002057613,0.00009920532,0.0001754597,0.0003747065,0.00006353106,0.1396715,0.008570551],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0229616,0.01820006,0.337988,0.001504146,0.007982965,0.0001176594,0.002031848,0.02235164,0.01468052,0.005045927,0.5649299,0.002205706],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9729084,0.001394513,0.0008670841,0.02173037,0.0006378051,0.000836923,0.0002459272,0.0006233527,0.0007556655],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9096902,0.0009961085,0.00005197851,0.08815292,0.0009083312,0.0001142573,0.00001995667,0.00004178118,0.00002449443],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5103994,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9691994,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3120038138","doi":"10.1186/s12985-021-01489-0","title":"False negative rate of COVID-19 PCR testing: a discordant testing analysis","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Virology Journal","topic":"SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing","field":"Medicine","cited_by":218,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary; Alberta Health Services; Calgary Laboratory Services; Foothills Medical Centre; Alberta Hospital Edmonton; Vancouver General Hospital; Vancouver Coastal Health; University of Alberta Hospital; University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Biology; Virology; Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); 2019-20 coronavirus outbreak; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2); Medicine; Infectious disease (medical specialty); Pathology; Outbreak","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1004199230912541,"gpt":0.3505728323410183,"spread":0.2501529092497642,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009455195,0.0001722488,0.0005938855,0.000488809,0.0002827345,0.00003077044,0.00009582197,0.00008539367,0.0001490632],"category_scores_gemma":[0.02886308,0.0001441302,0.0002249242,0.002174944,0.0001872129,0.00007709221,0.00007111744,0.0006735571,0.00001276747],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009959721,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007601047,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001093762,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007674544,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998166,0.0003939368,0.0006309371,0.0002910057,0.0001841786,0.0003340061],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9962593,0.002156978,0.0005668961,0.0002347791,0.0005415783,0.000240424],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001290943,0.0001279023,0.2680404,0.00002994546,0.0007429544,0.002409841,0.0002856914,0.0004381657,0.7261466,0.00004250263,0.0000601659,0.001546726],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.008818761,0.002286501,0.3264166,0.0002456202,0.006287589,0.05512441,0.002470244,0.03943003,0.5482891,0.007593131,0.002391008,0.0006470266],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9854532,0.0002431403,0.01088995,0.001516383,0.0001782977,0.00008128343,0.000005418158,0.00006097642,0.001571388],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9785877,0.000006535357,0.01611657,0.004957001,0.0002148463,0.000004277691,0.00000235141,0.00001862829,0.00009204703],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1778576,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9793172,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3125585717","doi":"10.1021/jacs.0c10810","title":"Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Viral Particles Using Direct, Reagent-Free Electrochemical Sensing","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of the American Chemical Society","topic":"SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing","field":"Medicine","cited_by":208,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Sinai Health System; Sunnybrook Health Science Centre; University of Toronto","funders":"University of Toronto","keywords":"Chemistry; Reagent; Analyte; Amperometry; Aptamer; Nucleic acid; Electrode; Linker; Virus; Virology; Chromatography; Nanotechnology; Electrochemistry; Biochemistry; Molecular biology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03613971324121121,"gpt":0.3059470691056771,"spread":0.2698073558644659,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000279851,0.0001433595,0.0004989723,0.00002396827,0.00008248525,0.00001784841,0.0001485429,0.00007062573,0.000001904593],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001446394,0.0001069739,0.0007355402,0.0006248644,0.0003144013,0.00006430619,0.0001242319,0.0005630333,5.907198e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002776689,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001680947,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005199956,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002011078,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998502,0.00008417363,0.0005409576,0.0001683065,0.0004382974,0.0002663241],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983186,0.0001810116,0.0007786089,0.0003110212,0.0003555021,0.0000553086],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001389529,0.00009093787,0.0007901055,0.00002464341,0.0001809,0.00001341639,0.000143165,0.000001401593,0.9949639,7.028153e-7,0.0002119841,0.003439914],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007633084,0.00009748468,0.0002728958,0.0001257186,0.0002710183,0.00164301,0.0002985083,0.002911222,0.9931126,0.0001426478,0.0002587244,0.0001029167],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9975614,0.0001774149,0.001455636,0.000500806,0.0001267112,0.00005154542,0.000001067399,0.0000254307,0.00009996847],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9825941,0.00001549731,0.01513263,0.001861552,0.0003680448,2.780066e-7,2.447102e-7,0.00002328371,0.000004371174],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01496732,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4362268,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4309183903","doi":"10.1002/14651858.cd013652.pub2","title":"Antibody tests for identification of current and past infection with SARS-CoV-2","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews","topic":"SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing","field":"Medicine","cited_by":207,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa; McGill University; McGill University Health Centre","funders":"National Institute for Health and Care Research; World Health Organization","keywords":"Medicine; Serology; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2); Public health; Pandemic; Norwegian; Test (biology); Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); Epidemiology; Diagnostic test; Immunology; Antibody; Pediatrics; Pathology; Disease; Biology; Infectious disease (medical specialty)","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.2448402727836655,"gpt":0.4631546969177351,"spread":0.2183144241340696,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004107146,0.0004865812,0.005307022,0.0004789669,0.0000921664,0.00002593066,0.0001697715,0.00009233444,0.00001010116],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003956514,0.0003193439,0.0005408636,0.0007732307,0.00008780754,0.0001371796,0.00008348668,0.0002874676,0.00001578339],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009548826,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000161303,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002047892,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005412987,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9945015,0.0007237407,0.003531108,0.0005495811,0.0005019343,0.0001921831],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9925467,0.0009593265,0.004896811,0.001259847,0.00029411,0.00004315132],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"systematic_review","study_design_gemma":"systematic_review","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001238888,0.0001448419,0.00001490175,0.9439873,0.0001471642,0.000002836866,0.00003718507,2.189283e-8,0.004826924,0.00003449763,0.0001246198,0.05066731],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004878473,0.0002145865,0.000002911215,0.7223024,0.005465473,0.0006421516,0.00001317717,0.0000471325,0.0007898278,0.000001806508,0.2698011,0.0002316529],"study_design_candidate":"systematic_review","study_design_consensus":"systematic_review","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0001901232,0.9810167,0.005058036,0.000002117883,0.000352147,0.01296931,0.0003312414,0.0000380991,0.00004221377],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00005553643,0.9951033,0.0004790693,0.00001583925,0.0001109641,0.002331148,0.001830484,0.00006413426,0.000009504584],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2696764,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999259,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3107122234","doi":"10.1016/j.bios.2020.112830","title":"Diagnosis of COVID-19 for controlling the pandemic: A review of the state-of-the-art","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Biosensors and Bioelectronics","topic":"SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing","field":"Medicine","cited_by":206,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Pandemic; Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); Asymptomatic; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2); Asymptomatic carrier; Coronavirus; Contact tracing; Intensive care medicine; Middle East respiratory syndrome; Medicine; Disease; Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus; 2019-20 coronavirus outbreak; Virology; Infectious disease (medical specialty); Pathology; Outbreak","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.08335453027542404,"gpt":0.3646686252958868,"spread":0.2813140950204627,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007470917,0.0002724659,0.00158866,0.00004826571,0.0001083524,0.000007086744,0.0002474436,0.000140752,0.000004426694],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002931756,0.0001170898,0.0009032159,0.0005767801,0.0002222316,0.0000104921,0.00007579949,0.0003886666,7.123042e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009472908,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009538264,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002354618,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002682052,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998121,0.0002346226,0.0008836008,0.0002630234,0.0002514779,0.0002462394],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9969518,0.001306144,0.001126257,0.0004045358,0.0001567827,0.0000544322],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006665756,0.00006433326,0.000157746,0.1556406,0.0005380636,0.000001097201,0.00007769157,2.615665e-7,0.000649615,0.0001305445,0.001925277,0.8407481],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005035222,0.0002746332,0.000001536339,0.02767956,0.002009009,0.00007305628,0.000009627426,0.0000507307,0.002883057,0.00005273238,0.9663473,0.0001151741],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0004959502,0.9952598,0.00003279344,0.001246646,0.0001186563,0.002674304,0.0001281405,0.00001826412,0.00002547802],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0005857014,0.9966503,0.00005262452,0.002443559,0.00007016939,0.0001079503,0.000006602044,0.00003134232,0.00005169079],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9644221,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4774783,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3032656009","doi":"10.1515/cclm-2020-0722","title":"Molecular, serological, and biochemical diagnosis and monitoring of COVID-19: IFCC taskforce evaluation of the latest evidence","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM)","topic":"SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing","field":"Medicine","cited_by":198,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"SickKids Foundation; Hospital for Sick Children; University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Medicine; Pandemic; Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); Medical laboratory; Intensive care medicine; Serology; Diagnostic test; Disease; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2); Pathology; Infectious disease (medical specialty); Immunology; Veterinary medicine; Antibody","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.3132588226611536,"gpt":0.4932304132691319,"spread":0.1799715906079783,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002412341,0.0003523236,0.001751203,0.00002899939,0.00007601547,0.000009225595,0.0001650492,0.0006170502,0.00003307009],"category_scores_gemma":[0.04944106,0.0002239663,0.0001626541,0.0005433183,0.001299354,0.00003778235,0.000194097,0.0009389051,4.953063e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005549198,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007344871,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000007771105,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.695871e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9969348,0.0004221044,0.001277457,0.0006460377,0.0005454537,0.0001741265],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9945963,0.003377005,0.000822986,0.00041571,0.0003953465,0.0003926392],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000547824,0.0007458547,0.1044204,0.22264,0.001674948,0.000284383,0.0005571436,0.000003694791,0.1296123,0.00002309073,0.002885561,0.5366048],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.008924375,0.002057817,0.002248541,0.1423958,0.02513987,0.0007131889,0.0007411464,0.0004578056,0.1761657,0.0002141093,0.6395412,0.001400436],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.2621979,0.7364231,0.000003708474,0.0006952865,0.0001052772,0.0004663191,0.00001920262,0.0000266703,0.00006258463],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.1184351,0.8801047,0.0000778702,0.0007835187,0.0004839111,0.00007437678,0.000008852439,0.00002673311,0.000004994472],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6366557,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9585659,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3086365214","doi":"10.1093/cid/ciaa1343","title":"Infectious Diseases Society of America Guidelines on the Diagnosis of COVID-19: Serologic Testing (September 2020)","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Clinical Infectious Diseases","topic":"SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing","field":"Medicine","cited_by":190,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Impact; Vancouver General Hospital; McMaster University","funders":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","keywords":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); Serology; Virology; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2); 2019-20 coronavirus outbreak; Coronavirus; Medicine; Pandemic; Infectious disease (medical specialty); Disease; Coronavirus Infections; Betacoronavirus; Immunology; Outbreak; Antibody; Pathology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.2180116643486747,"gpt":0.4328740448482203,"spread":0.2148623804995455,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003460016,0.0003217481,0.0009005562,0.00005427417,0.0002364128,0.00002584678,0.000178058,0.0001660933,0.0003279778],"category_scores_gemma":[0.07074963,0.0002234527,0.0009538541,0.001047668,0.0007412112,0.00006942817,0.0001641738,0.000439333,0.0000627439],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006517283,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004486438,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001315228,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000006711647,"domain_scores_codex":[0.996987,0.0003549667,0.001361024,0.0005800399,0.0004052694,0.0003117007],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9885769,0.009016101,0.0008109089,0.0004787033,0.0005610277,0.0005563897],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001217689,0.001094425,0.9355113,0.0003615793,0.0002935515,0.00002312237,0.00005369343,0.0004301696,0.000400394,0.00001870093,0.05387549,0.007815801],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01632575,0.02226053,0.7564243,0.001483079,0.006736778,0.0001755772,0.001419345,0.04557905,0.007281368,0.004698813,0.1355753,0.002040111],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9882358,0.0007961841,0.0004628852,0.007245151,0.0003149298,0.0007205745,0.0001293174,0.0006689031,0.001426277],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9093478,0.0002453254,0.0001357147,0.08929769,0.0007819682,0.0001238928,0.00001362932,0.00004111135,0.00001291579],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.179087,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9370778,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3122661585","doi":"10.1093/cid/ciab048","title":"The Infectious Diseases Society of America Guidelines on the Diagnosis of COVID-19: Molecular Diagnostic Testing (January 2021)","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Clinical Infectious Diseases","topic":"SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing","field":"Medicine","cited_by":187,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Vancouver General Hospital","funders":"Medical Research Council; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; National Institutes of Health; Shionogi; American Gastroenterological Association; American Society of Hematology; Infectious Diseases Society of America; U.S. Department of Defense; Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality; National Science Foundation; Australian Government","keywords":"Medicine; Intensive care medicine; Guideline; Diagnostic test; MEDLINE; Grading (engineering); Nucleic Acid Amplification Tests; Public health; Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); Point-of-care testing; Health care; Infectious disease (medical specialty); Disease; Pathology; Pediatrics; Virology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1074538946436187,"gpt":0.4135119280955459,"spread":0.3060580334519272,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005541071,0.0003170954,0.0007331507,0.00006384135,0.00050637,0.00005651388,0.0001966273,0.0001388543,0.0001051816],"category_scores_gemma":[0.2366349,0.0002044402,0.001053722,0.001146459,0.001001274,0.00005793658,0.0002089586,0.0004473719,0.00002194518],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000978484,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001037592,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002093699,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001929761,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9965874,0.0005970316,0.001372474,0.000552007,0.0005237496,0.0003673433],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9505908,0.04616418,0.0007413165,0.0009259622,0.001180579,0.0003971081],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005322468,0.001770728,0.9407151,0.0002470924,0.0005097634,0.0001089922,0.00003729155,0.0003964699,0.0007240179,0.0001417527,0.02157164,0.03372388],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01486719,0.009562409,0.718323,0.004444286,0.009916817,0.0004538766,0.002869043,0.01578173,0.0481304,0.02162115,0.1515952,0.002434913],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9846342,0.005446407,0.000846802,0.006006858,0.0007125523,0.0007698599,0.0001513136,0.000283702,0.001148317],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9692584,0.00194554,0.000103283,0.02773647,0.000574386,0.0002800636,0.00002414666,0.00004884342,0.00002892254],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2360808,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8336828,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3104181482","doi":"10.3390/pr8111425","title":"Microfluidic Nano-Scale qPCR Enables Ultra-Sensitive and Quantitative Detection of SARS-CoV-2","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Processes","topic":"SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing","field":"Medicine","cited_by":184,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"York University; New York University Abu Dhabi","keywords":"Viral load; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2); Detection limit; Gold standard (test); Virology; Real-time polymerase chain reaction; Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); Biology; Complementary DNA; Molecular biology; Virus; Chemistry; Chromatography; Medicine; Gene; Infectious disease (medical specialty); Genetics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.06042124347632634,"gpt":0.3069813373916759,"spread":0.2465600939153496,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008985353,0.0001470245,0.0002910316,0.00009084454,0.00008578721,0.00001862311,0.00003655929,0.00007096575,0.000002546613],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001423641,0.0001327428,0.00003949491,0.0005440381,0.0001417138,0.0001333325,0.0000172423,0.0001304037,0.00001578424],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001740877,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008478254,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009589182,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003751848,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991209,0.0000310639,0.0002414774,0.0002881575,0.0001549881,0.0001634509],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991834,0.0002091967,0.000132558,0.00007419514,0.0003587431,0.00004195561],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002458864,0.00004430725,0.001088572,0.001458012,0.00004223278,0.00001032418,0.002690338,8.064803e-8,0.9921058,0.000005101053,0.00009638366,0.002212903],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006846318,0.0005509286,0.0002257223,0.0001941019,0.00008491147,0.000111529,0.001948174,0.0000737849,0.993057,0.00005665659,0.002885531,0.0001270088],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9889576,0.006702956,0.002502121,0.0003245178,0.00005511541,0.0002322566,0.000009380916,0.0001356012,0.001080477],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9971327,0.0005745654,0.0006491199,0.001526913,0.00006848699,0.00001154024,0.000002520418,0.00002330079,0.0000109128],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.008175066,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5413094,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3120226689","doi":"10.7326/m20-6569","title":"The Sensitivity and Costs of Testing for SARS-CoV-2 Infection With Saliva Versus Nasopharyngeal Swabs","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Annals of Internal Medicine","topic":"SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing","field":"Medicine","cited_by":182,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"McGill University Health Centre; McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Medicine; Saliva; Personal protective equipment; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2); Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); Coronavirus; 2019-20 coronavirus outbreak; Infection control; False Negative Reactions; Virology; Intensive care medicine; Emergency medicine; Internal medicine; Outbreak; Infectious disease (medical specialty); Disease","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.2144935501690905,"gpt":0.4364796057438755,"spread":0.221986055574785,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001369461,0.0003644977,0.001829042,0.0002241969,0.0000928208,0.00001349397,0.00007796966,0.0001670222,0.000002304824],"category_scores_gemma":[0.007383618,0.0002115861,0.0002517896,0.0004322757,0.0003703653,0.00005624298,0.00007095613,0.0004650879,0.000001119175],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000524621,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002026917,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001158591,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002488927,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9978991,0.0002053628,0.0008759435,0.0003578595,0.0003904534,0.000271352],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9926342,0.004889911,0.0009965261,0.0003132474,0.001103984,0.00006210474],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007494739,0.00006816226,0.0003190775,0.007290564,0.001003004,0.0001127827,0.00006396398,9.81535e-8,0.008777479,0.00009087488,0.0009702897,0.9805542],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.007208888,0.01642831,0.0002532683,0.319433,0.004602665,0.005441649,0.0002006595,0.0003292835,0.1240425,0.00003113955,0.52136,0.0006686379],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.03612662,0.9600356,0.0002704377,0.0002707905,0.0007294402,0.0009027072,0.00002134518,0.0000440618,0.001598971],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.04568129,0.9510148,0.0005591306,0.001048099,0.001422191,0.00007199991,0.00003469257,0.0001133044,0.00005454486],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9798856,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8839413,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3196702900","doi":"10.1002/anie.202110819","title":"High‐Affinity Dimeric Aptamers Enable the Rapid Electrochemical Detection of Wild‐Type and B.1.1.7 SARS‐CoV‐2 in Unprocessed Saliva","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Angewandte Chemie International Edition","topic":"SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing","field":"Medicine","cited_by":168,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McMaster University Medical Centre; McMaster University","funders":"Institute of Infection and Immunity","keywords":"Saliva; Aptamer; Wild type; Dissociation constant; Chemistry; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2); Molecular biology; Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); Chromatography; Virology; Biology; Receptor; Biochemistry; Medicine; Mutant; Gene","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02270728008149508,"gpt":0.2758217093776004,"spread":0.2531144292961053,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001757071,0.0001259359,0.0001892552,0.0001103852,0.00005264698,0.0000231438,0.00006888568,0.00009009709,0.00006025773],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001085377,0.0001103186,0.00005231161,0.0005495956,0.00008948886,0.0001471297,0.00002908544,0.0002846133,0.000004831574],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001264156,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001032409,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001628364,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005852808,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998982,0.00002777445,0.0002820702,0.0002549613,0.0002996508,0.0001536166],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990633,0.0001773135,0.0001428789,0.0001268404,0.0004630418,0.0000266788],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001584943,0.0001040487,0.0006255395,0.00004325779,0.00005623398,0.00001114354,0.0001043594,7.43419e-7,0.9968041,0.00002661934,0.0003175636,0.001747877],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001041041,0.00008434943,0.002109508,0.00009976247,0.00004398269,0.0001326248,0.0001630184,0.0001739019,0.9935644,0.0004122028,0.002076404,0.00009886242],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9954122,0.0002777473,0.0007741567,0.0008864175,0.000694273,0.000116087,0.000004917583,0.00005202,0.001782167],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9978828,0.0001145656,0.0002730573,0.001066541,0.0004781931,0.00001980803,0.0001032193,0.00001550329,0.00004627895],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.003239777,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4498661,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4296639039","doi":"10.1038/s41598-022-20076-z","title":"Municipal and neighbourhood level wastewater surveillance and subtyping of an influenza virus outbreak","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Scientific Reports","topic":"SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing","field":"Medicine","cited_by":161,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario; University of Ottawa","funders":"University of Ottawa","keywords":"Subtyping; Outbreak; Pandemic; Environmental health; Virology; Influenza A virus; Population; Public health; Virus; Neighbourhood (mathematics); Medicine; Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); Infectious disease (medical specialty); Computer science; Disease","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0554295632708742,"gpt":0.3012221301386098,"spread":0.2457925668677356,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001382878,0.0001010568,0.0002191164,0.0001885909,0.0003613755,0.00006787958,0.00004517995,0.00003016047,0.00007400094],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000247951,0.00009275669,0.00003381882,0.0003125894,0.0001852261,0.0001119686,0.0001737837,0.0001560873,9.021645e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002711983,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006171696,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006123695,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001538569,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985157,0.00006613008,0.000398222,0.0004709291,0.000348934,0.0002001154],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990904,0.00003667965,0.0002279506,0.000477087,0.00008825861,0.0000795846],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005733286,0.00008149021,0.1107018,0.00005719811,0.0000217268,0.0003567914,0.002004882,0.00001693812,0.881882,0.00001087286,0.00006813879,0.004740798],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001423972,0.0004114613,0.2039281,0.00008116735,0.00005811054,0.009613086,0.001959579,0.003596643,0.7476718,0.001004264,0.02986889,0.0003829834],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9975871,0.0002597316,0.000004505223,0.00003068605,0.00120111,0.000174868,0.000007477861,0.00005064959,0.0006838327],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992357,5.858548e-7,0.0002722807,0.0001880371,0.00003186209,0.00001013645,0.00001088407,0.00001411104,0.0002364369],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1342102,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3782508,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3197877735","doi":"10.1016/j.bios.2021.113595","title":"Aptamer-based electrochemical biosensor for rapid detection of SARS-CoV-2: Nanoscale electrode-aptamer-SARS-CoV-2 imaging by photo-induced force microscopy","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosensors and Bioelectronics","topic":"SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing","field":"Medicine","cited_by":157,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs; Canada Foundation for Innovation; Centre québécois sur les matériaux fonctionnels","keywords":"Aptamer; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2); Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); Nanoscopic scale; Nanotechnology; Biosensor; 2019-20 coronavirus outbreak; Electrode; Materials science; Microscopy; Sars virus; Atomic force microscopy; Chemistry; Virology; Optics; Infectious disease (medical specialty); Biology; Physics; Medicine; Molecular biology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0258188909483235,"gpt":0.2984884052951757,"spread":0.2726695143468522,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000376243,0.000669847,0.0009810345,0.0003376284,0.000328462,0.00009647249,0.0001673585,0.000439053,0.00000425597],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004951787,0.0006662655,0.0004939989,0.001007169,0.000242104,0.0001230665,0.0000518961,0.0006662,0.000006890722],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003387065,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005247635,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001163276,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00008337629,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9960148,0.0001315978,0.000893465,0.001167918,0.0004343189,0.001357898],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9979786,0.0002767172,0.0004521126,0.0005816846,0.000604235,0.0001066654],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0009944618,0.0003617643,0.0001369452,0.0002260172,0.0001604564,0.00001505238,0.00004036082,5.739189e-8,0.990409,0.00002787016,0.0005384645,0.007089505],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004083662,0.001924311,0.00001934839,0.0001335117,0.0003246982,0.0004455123,0.00008084994,0.006764693,0.9725294,0.00006249209,0.01296913,0.0006624703],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.990485,0.003525023,0.003667573,0.0006021631,0.0002422356,0.0009685565,0.00005664138,0.0002836191,0.0001692463],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9926671,0.0002066416,0.002901752,0.003645337,0.0001963906,0.00007235,0.00009254519,0.0001456443,0.00007224494],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01787972,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995788,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3025401950","doi":"10.1289/ehp7200","title":"Global Access to Handwashing: Implications for COVID-19 Control in Low-Income Countries","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Health Perspectives","topic":"SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing","field":"Medicine","cited_by":157,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Wellcome Trust","keywords":"Environmental health; Transmission (telecommunications); Context (archaeology); Population; Medicine; Pandemic; Global health; Public health; Geography; Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); Disease; Infectious disease (medical specialty); Nursing","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.052407301738079,"gpt":0.397264193098475,"spread":0.344856891360396,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001804481,0.0001515495,0.0003050999,0.0000694197,0.0002495601,0.00003871753,0.0001213842,0.00005338187,0.00005367308],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003970088,0.000155965,0.00006922267,0.0002286485,0.00009770355,0.0001349291,0.00005303233,0.000120224,0.00003385941],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001974345,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002249494,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002237534,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001533536,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987244,0.00005220433,0.0003011358,0.000442028,0.0001449077,0.0003353043],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991313,0.0001725358,0.00009485417,0.0001549738,0.0000102182,0.0004361041],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001434819,0.0004816102,0.9748633,0.0005259962,0.00006038551,0.00001202402,0.01315823,0.0002076543,0.004881925,0.001389756,0.001553636,0.001430651],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00836168,0.001583124,0.9518424,0.0001224153,0.00003046415,0.00006623397,0.009195383,0.001159826,0.001074043,0.0004402803,0.02578813,0.0003359905],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8055947,0.001005604,0.02451046,0.1653769,0.00008120795,0.002594476,0.0004129496,0.0001586534,0.0002650541],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.923645,0.00003190133,0.0005726252,0.07533227,0.0001607189,0.0002209303,0.000009116059,0.00001770041,0.000009778823],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1180503,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.636007,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3039893855","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140709","title":"Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 via fecal-oral and aerosols–borne routes: Environmental dynamics and implications for wastewater management in underprivileged societies","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Science of The Total Environment","topic":"SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing","field":"Medicine","cited_by":151,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Canada First Research Excellence Fund; University of Alberta","keywords":"Transmission (telecommunications); Pandemic; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2); Overpopulation; Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); Wastewater; Outbreak; Coronavirus; Sanitation; Environmental health; Virology; Environmental science; Biology; Environmental engineering; Medicine; Engineering; Telecommunications; Population; Disease; Infectious disease (medical specialty)","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02997973095230291,"gpt":0.2619058456604613,"spread":0.2319261147081584,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002786793,0.0001044322,0.00015353,0.00002866284,0.0001508093,0.00001040473,0.0001475626,0.00002798886,0.00000373888],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000110324,0.00006415876,0.00005550399,0.0001104655,0.0009282156,0.00006967667,0.0001939788,0.000084369,0.000001038744],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009199169,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009796525,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001090835,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":6.185352e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999146,0.00002233295,0.0002180956,0.0002328141,0.0002168458,0.0001639437],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996327,0.00003610476,0.00008826568,0.0002066654,0.00000286443,0.00003336532],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004499813,0.0000653685,0.0003032533,0.00004651222,0.00001498424,1.681719e-7,0.0007770539,0.0001993943,0.9931886,0.0001363542,0.000005409541,0.005217971],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001108278,0.0002745753,0.05514366,0.00005287264,0.00009297971,0.00002146271,0.001019116,0.05658105,0.8847705,0.0007997048,0.00002862008,0.0001071667],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9920948,0.00008527152,0.001752568,0.005271901,0.00001975955,0.0006388121,0.00001099659,0.000007474872,0.0001184615],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9979386,0.0000426448,0.001737242,0.0002012976,0.000006025735,0.00002201648,0.000001178077,0.000008760051,0.00004221357],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.108418,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3420049,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3025007192","doi":"10.1016/j.jcv.2020.104433","title":"Real-time PCR-based SARS-CoV-2 detection in Canadian laboratories","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Clinical Virology","topic":"SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing","field":"Medicine","cited_by":149,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Mount Sinai Hospital; Sunnybrook Hospital; BC Centre for Disease Control; Sunnybrook Health Science Centre; St. Michael's Hospital; Saskatchewan Health; Dr. Georges-L.-Dumont University Hospital Centre; St. Joseph’s Healthcare Hamilton; Institut National de Santé Publique du Québec; University of Toronto; St. John’s Health Sciences Centre; Ste. Anne's Hospital; Dalhousie University; Public Health Agency of Canada; Saskatchewan Health Authority; Nova Scotia Health Authority; Toronto Public Health; Public Health Ontario; Hospital for Sick Children","funders":"Nationale Genossenschaft für die Lagerung radioaktiver Abfälle; University of Saskatchewan","keywords":"Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2); Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); 2019-20 coronavirus outbreak; Pandemic; Virology; Medicine; Infectious disease (medical specialty); Outbreak; Pathology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0972169457826368,"gpt":0.3967819739354854,"spread":0.2995650281528486,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001314577,0.0001242382,0.0007041464,0.0002433152,0.00004381002,0.00001273139,0.0001030177,0.0003319015,0.00004235332],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00855581,0.0001082438,0.0001897971,0.000475815,0.0001190912,0.00007747072,0.0000127915,0.0009627886,0.00008774976],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009755612,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001117387,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006784433,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02662539,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9977175,0.0003137813,0.001293439,0.0001881909,0.0001864549,0.0003006375],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998131,0.0006989836,0.0004915078,0.0001252595,0.0002741686,0.0002791113],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002041426,0.0001323257,0.1021266,0.00002498656,0.00007091482,0.001141296,0.00008919063,0.0000125267,0.8832856,0.00001607688,0.0007521692,0.01030686],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01193127,0.009946549,0.2042159,0.0001238372,0.0002498693,0.0006500395,0.00008499277,0.01103557,0.6375667,0.0002970092,0.1235576,0.0003405534],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9900379,0.00003844447,0.000115168,0.007921477,0.0006075468,0.0000955053,0.000002663118,0.00002933586,0.001152012],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9758973,0.0000149634,0.0007942889,0.02229833,0.0009674022,0.000001414217,7.241558e-7,0.00001948794,0.000006094919],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2457189,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998295,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4389732744","doi":"10.1128/cmr.00103-22","title":"Wastewater-based surveillance as a tool for public health action: SARS-CoV-2 and beyond","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Clinical Microbiology Reviews","topic":"SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing","field":"Medicine","cited_by":143,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Alberta Health Services; Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta; University of Alberta; University of Calgary","funders":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research; Alberta Health","keywords":"Context (archaeology); Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); Pandemic; Wastewater; Business; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2); Public health; Government (linguistics); Computer science; Environmental planning; Environmental science; Disease; Medicine; Geography; Infectious disease (medical specialty); Environmental engineering; Pathology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.4812693847601136,"gpt":0.5131173711266368,"spread":0.0318479863665232,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.006923584,0.0007133457,0.00649653,0.0002772615,0.0002043246,0.0000525891,0.0002752966,0.001049042,0.00002069779],"category_scores_gemma":[0.008381864,0.0005040707,0.001695994,0.0006134664,0.0004012507,0.00004589563,0.0001406437,0.001174939,0.001010126],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000207624,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001378083,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009856466,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004452937,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9921682,0.001983673,0.00369042,0.001339249,0.00003872143,0.0007797619],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9935634,0.003360717,0.001852087,0.0008988615,0.0001682348,0.0001567208],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003070336,0.0001138746,0.00006095029,0.03350412,0.0002244958,0.000005349224,0.000005959136,1.61298e-9,0.0007806185,0.00001249676,0.01741887,0.9478425],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001137751,0.001213635,0.000003396737,0.00863911,0.0003288035,0.0008405817,0.000003253638,0.000003134196,0.00005690271,0.00001731527,0.9873428,0.0004133102],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.000871905,0.9901076,0.00009153337,0.001259835,0.001907848,0.005249341,0.0001593254,0.0002743221,0.00007826513],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.000005869836,0.9810133,0.001377744,0.0149447,0.0008918499,0.0006965688,0.0006284571,0.0001288421,0.0003126764],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9699239,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999971,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3158611137","doi":"10.1007/s00216-021-03377-6","title":"Emerging point-of-care biosensors for rapid diagnosis of COVID-19: current progress, challenges, and future prospects","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry","topic":"SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing","field":"Medicine","cited_by":123,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Biosensor; Point-of-care testing; Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); Point of care; Computer science; Risk analysis (engineering); Nanotechnology; Medicine; Pathology; Infectious disease (medical specialty); Disease","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.07555813401232894,"gpt":0.381023686981417,"spread":0.3054655529690881,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000258716,0.0005102508,0.002538059,0.0001336778,0.0000721469,0.00002466625,0.0001130879,0.0005127949,0.00007745527],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0015387,0.000375388,0.0008011567,0.0004624859,0.0006013331,0.00002965499,0.00014316,0.0005310125,7.672416e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008855271,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004254663,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000002273611,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001094495,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9974108,0.00004624348,0.0009596621,0.0008361187,0.0003622799,0.000384855],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9978433,0.0006154814,0.000361896,0.0003776459,0.0003197406,0.0004819616],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000390435,0.0002310156,0.0001417308,0.1507978,0.0005722216,0.00004737068,0.0000532997,4.697921e-9,0.00001294313,0.0005182244,0.0001060074,0.8474804],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008600877,0.0002342468,0.00000779186,0.01133274,0.005799965,0.0002533212,0.0005005973,0.0001448979,0.002475812,0.00006667172,0.9778751,0.0004487991],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0003358574,0.9972567,0.00000644078,0.001142431,0.00006626042,0.000614312,0.00009544606,0.00004474893,0.0004378301],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.001316402,0.9973716,0.0002979765,0.00007614462,0.0006807699,0.00008483516,0.0001052159,0.00004318901,0.0000239294],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9777691,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998698,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4225310480","doi":"10.1016/j.epidem.2022.100560","title":"A wastewater-based epidemic model for SARS-CoV-2 with application to three Canadian cities","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Epidemics","topic":"SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing","field":"Medicine","cited_by":122,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Toronto Public Health; Alberta Hospital Edmonton; University of Alberta; University of Ottawa; Public Health Agency of Canada","funders":"Ministry of Environment; Université Laval","keywords":"Wastewater; Environmental health; Population; Public health; Basic reproduction number; Epidemiology; Transmission (telecommunications); Medicine; Environmental science; Computer science; Environmental engineering; Pathology; Telecommunications","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.07396732294252165,"gpt":0.3124884196850803,"spread":0.2385210967425586,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007186036,0.0001851748,0.000329619,0.0003051724,0.0003455316,0.00001328735,0.0001493593,0.00006815308,0.000006534915],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005560569,0.0001764941,0.00008848438,0.0003621929,0.00003657206,0.00004644066,0.0000349881,0.0002897186,0.00001497138],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005802843,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000575049,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02032613,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.06101561,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998545,0.00003944393,0.0003530956,0.0003875172,0.0002127986,0.000462164],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989055,0.0003130895,0.0001186787,0.0004089736,0.0001165754,0.000137186],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001497586,0.0001600149,0.0569609,0.0004365785,0.0001729009,0.00003777688,0.001728208,0.1181064,0.7777323,0.003094224,0.02584767,0.01422546],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009809415,0.0003129778,0.0001326581,0.00004391573,0.00006227625,0.00006240844,0.0001559469,0.8972674,0.07771688,0.001558226,0.02147679,0.0002295663],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7849891,0.00004549919,0.2089781,0.003809815,0.00009924202,0.001196155,0.00008822884,0.0001686325,0.0006252198],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9440064,4.936992e-7,0.02343925,0.03110969,0.0001230443,0.001081713,0.00005747393,0.00006409129,0.0001178039],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.779161,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9861976,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3135621135","doi":"10.1016/j.jes.2021.01.029","title":"Comparison of approaches to quantify SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater using RT-qPCR: Results and implications from a collaborative inter-laboratory study in Canada","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Sciences","topic":"SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing","field":"Medicine","cited_by":121,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba; Polytechnique Montréal; University of Windsor; Public Health Agency of Canada; University of Ottawa; University of British Columbia; Alberta Hospital Edmonton; University of Saskatchewan; University of Alberta; University of Waterloo; BC Centre for Disease Control; Ontario Clean Water Agency; Canadian Water Network","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canadian Institutes of Health Research; University of Waterloo; Mitacs; Canada First Research Excellence Fund; Canada Research Chairs; Global Water Futures; Alberta Innovates; University of Ottawa","keywords":"Wastewater; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2); Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); Chromatography; Real-time polymerase chain reaction; Environmental science; Coronavirus; Biology; Chemistry; Environmental chemistry; Medicine; Gene; Environmental engineering; Genetics; Infectious disease (medical specialty)","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.2058406085419153,"gpt":0.3635067816654799,"spread":0.1576661731235647,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000402713,0.00008061127,0.0002908265,0.0001465473,0.00005245419,0.00002030816,0.00007912652,0.00002156838,0.000003539639],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001255723,0.00006538652,0.00001628525,0.0005429846,0.0001066073,0.0001318798,0.00006130542,0.0001463783,3.30503e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003601075,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004448114,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.04309634,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.339065,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987469,0.0001101021,0.000562183,0.0001869827,0.0002751499,0.0001187245],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994817,0.0001127353,0.0002625682,0.00008474039,0.00001800772,0.0000402898],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005192379,0.0001985125,0.5216702,0.000001956093,0.000008736582,0.00002051707,0.001910057,0.00006354118,0.4757327,4.649142e-7,0.000008316373,0.0003331663],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009347341,0.0003207538,0.5060036,0.00008599344,0.00001497193,0.00002017542,0.03461613,0.0005498449,0.4573579,0.000006514963,0.00003715989,0.00005213434],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9991327,0.0002320114,0.00000846451,0.0003227793,0.00006139612,0.0001548518,0.00002624442,0.000001062444,0.00006048294],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982988,0.000003232081,0.00155711,0.0001167064,0.00001724948,0.000001754503,6.139037e-7,0.000003662703,8.982374e-7],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2959687,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9632758,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2165845866","doi":"10.1093/infdis/jis044","title":"Opportunities and Challenges for Cost-Efficient Implementation of New Point-of-Care Diagnostics for HIV and Tuberculosis","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Journal of Infectious Diseases","topic":"SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing","field":"Medicine","cited_by":119,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Kellogg's (Canada)","funders":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","keywords":"Tuberculosis; Point-of-care testing; Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV); Point of care; Diagnostic test; Software deployment; Risk analysis (engineering); Medicine; Scale (ratio); Computer science; Data science; Intensive care medicine; Virology; Immunology; Pathology; Pediatrics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.08918942244145979,"gpt":0.3472093715659028,"spread":0.258019949124443,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002196082,0.00007273049,0.0001953395,0.00009955713,0.00006389205,0.00000589432,0.00002123981,0.00002068984,0.000005664488],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005507077,0.00004963758,0.00007237753,0.00003418545,0.00005233659,0.00006583735,0.0000135241,0.00003697808,6.145059e-8],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002430243,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006983116,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001819151,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001067107,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994659,0.00002931383,0.0002621521,0.00003784531,0.0001024733,0.0001023309],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984422,0.0008286042,0.0002914838,0.00005684156,0.0002940274,0.00008689649],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00171394,0.00085738,0.439893,0.004343675,0.0009638102,0.00000341026,0.02263234,0.00005707478,0.00969923,0.001308355,0.0019817,0.5165461],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.02297148,0.01109632,0.5212011,0.001718908,0.009644005,0.00149637,0.1685759,0.0005500327,0.2494371,0.001365297,0.01142649,0.000517044],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9748325,0.02294738,0.0009114661,0.0006098209,0.0001225088,0.0004776519,0.00004898052,0.000008354876,0.00004130074],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9948958,0.004617577,0.0001311243,0.0001325398,0.0001958547,0.0000116349,0.00000257599,0.00001067854,0.000002230501],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5160291,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2024162,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3201603289","doi":"10.1038/s41598-021-97489-9","title":"Limit of detection in different matrices of 19 commercially available rapid antigen tests for the detection of SARS-CoV-2","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Scientific Reports","topic":"SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing","field":"Medicine","cited_by":113,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Brock University","funders":"Economic and Social Research Council; Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council","keywords":"Serial dilution; Detection limit; Context (archaeology); Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2); Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); 2019-20 coronavirus outbreak; Virology; Chromatography; Medicine; Biology; Chemistry; Infectious disease (medical specialty); Outbreak; Disease","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0813978955842053,"gpt":0.3220766522033188,"spread":0.2406787566191135,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001406444,0.0001317625,0.0004018672,0.0003475375,0.0001447782,0.00003115544,0.00007482716,0.00009063437,0.00001995527],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001705398,0.00009845879,0.0001912926,0.001137716,0.000182057,0.00008339987,0.00005122785,0.000127252,0.000001953377],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005956031,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002023663,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003438113,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009913479,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979539,0.00006596847,0.0009185751,0.0004197549,0.0004381145,0.0002037002],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9976243,0.0003164135,0.0007928323,0.0006374001,0.0006035207,0.00002557112],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007534216,0.0001919556,0.01235207,0.0002541493,0.00003703131,0.00002477672,0.0001939278,0.000005927862,0.966341,0.000001556257,0.0002117577,0.02031056],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004624673,0.0001629793,0.01598303,0.0001673072,0.0000831837,0.0002566626,0.0001661661,0.001135228,0.976347,0.0002005328,0.004956515,0.00007898182],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9942517,0.0009680472,0.001175229,0.00005453774,0.002468359,0.0005882487,0.000003362533,0.00003179727,0.0004587313],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993966,0.00002483184,0.000269518,0.00004139027,0.00005677371,0.00002722009,0.000005939967,0.00001581631,0.000161919],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02023157,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4015033,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3096972674","doi":"10.1128/jcm.01731-20","title":"Highly Sensitive and Specific Multiplex Antibody Assays To Quantify Immunoglobulins M, A, and G against SARS-CoV-2 Antigens","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Clinical Microbiology","topic":"SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing","field":"Medicine","cited_by":112,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación","keywords":"Multiplex; Virology; Serology; Antibody; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2); Coronavirus; Antigen; Immunology; Pandemic; Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); Biology; Medicine; Disease; Infectious disease (medical specialty); Bioinformatics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1260734663400916,"gpt":0.4071723534015037,"spread":0.2810988870614121,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001015129,0.00023097,0.001155332,0.0001500007,0.00008884203,0.00003242247,0.0001007139,0.0003196278,0.000003822752],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002835881,0.000183931,0.000252572,0.0002236723,0.0003077102,0.00007006042,0.0001242619,0.0009302687,0.00005279002],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000222579,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001053478,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001035693,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000006585186,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9973906,0.0003086143,0.001515288,0.0003972482,0.00007926188,0.0003089919],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9975539,0.001050787,0.0006384043,0.0001570921,0.0003930937,0.0002067537],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00119115,0.0001216608,0.02450439,0.00002500394,0.00019028,0.0004407956,0.0002180848,6.817525e-7,0.9656544,0.00001223078,0.001144889,0.006496447],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.007266154,0.004352868,0.1161031,0.0003077011,0.0001663018,0.004886644,0.0003285336,0.0002665361,0.7214058,0.00001550876,0.1445359,0.0003649188],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9918777,0.0006691028,0.0007874481,0.005388653,0.0007798526,0.0002316144,0.00002585587,0.00003455986,0.0002051967],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9719093,0.0005712403,0.00613163,0.0204565,0.0008926027,3.539877e-7,0.000006078053,0.00002617804,0.000006143853],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2442486,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7500489,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3020950648","doi":"10.1016/j.jcv.2020.104423","title":"SARS-CoV-2 detection by direct rRT-PCR without RNA extraction","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Clinical Virology","topic":"SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing","field":"Medicine","cited_by":112,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal; Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières; Centre intégré universitaire de santé et de services sociaux de la Mauricie-et-du-Centre-du-Québec","funders":"","keywords":"Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2); RNA extraction; RNA; Virology; Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); Extraction (chemistry); 2019-20 coronavirus outbreak; Pandemic; Real-time polymerase chain reaction; Biology; Medicine; Chromatography; Chemistry; Gene; Internal medicine; Genetics; Disease","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1465367695478845,"gpt":0.4403198841621289,"spread":0.2937831146142443,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001316934,0.0001727871,0.0008865819,0.0001158381,0.00007432223,0.0000185205,0.0001126762,0.0003885413,0.00004306381],"category_scores_gemma":[0.006807128,0.0001409696,0.0004346463,0.0002310586,0.000131148,0.0001733454,0.00002882959,0.00148824,0.000104106],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004299537,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009683726,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001632253,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001291457,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9971638,0.0003716159,0.001622925,0.0002765435,0.0003214909,0.0002436713],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9974104,0.00084535,0.001176696,0.0001525952,0.000242042,0.0001729706],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002475925,0.0002101891,0.00949111,0.00001695725,0.0001483819,0.0001300207,0.00003919528,0.000002184899,0.9289599,0.000001813,0.00252247,0.05600185],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00473938,0.005707787,0.0120355,0.00003947478,0.0003418145,0.001568901,0.00003608795,0.002619301,0.8476099,0.00008762864,0.125054,0.000160173],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9839274,0.0002320198,0.006600198,0.0044567,0.001615876,0.000128684,0.000001515859,0.00007884357,0.00295878],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9778214,0.00006812354,0.0007740884,0.01906024,0.002210589,0.000002087532,7.487417e-7,0.00003046897,0.00003225943],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1225315,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.814926,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4296940672","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158964","title":"Does normalization of SARS-CoV-2 concentrations by Pepper Mild Mottle Virus improve correlations and lead time between wastewater surveillance and clinical data in Alberta (Canada): comparing twelve SARS-CoV-2 normalization approaches","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Science of The Total Environment","topic":"SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing","field":"Medicine","cited_by":111,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Provincial Laboratory of Public Health; University of Alberta; Alberta Environment and Protected Areas","funders":"","keywords":"Normalization (sociology); Population; Wastewater; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2); Sewage; Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); Environmental science; Veterinary medicine; Environmental engineering; Medicine; Internal medicine; Environmental health","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.06261168326369351,"gpt":0.2808092533741947,"spread":0.2181975701105012,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001054134,0.0001211543,0.0002443931,0.00004824851,0.0003551074,0.00002106941,0.0003135042,0.00003143216,0.000007525925],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001850754,0.00007415286,0.00002859962,0.0002624504,0.000812369,0.0002066421,0.0006341866,0.0001907554,0.000001545527],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000126885,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001081915,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02245527,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003930635,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983235,0.0001638059,0.0004825841,0.0003416825,0.0004923514,0.000196072],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989561,0.0002097158,0.0002751194,0.0005206214,0.00001522494,0.00002319408],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000466329,0.0001252995,0.1018744,0.00002091322,0.00003416378,2.836011e-7,0.0006218394,0.001979086,0.8948313,0.0000340258,0.0001254301,0.000306657],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008288446,0.0001097998,0.1179927,0.0000262333,0.00007288972,0.00001323154,0.0002834448,0.2715859,0.608759,0.00002814967,0.0001607767,0.0001391587],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9981509,0.000048341,0.0001406952,0.0007543726,0.0001278507,0.0004629648,0.0001036004,0.000006450918,0.000204864],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996247,0.00001006581,0.0001097345,0.00008292119,0.00002167316,0.000009070404,0.0000434133,0.000009933171,0.00008852164],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2860723,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9840543,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2046824697","doi":"10.1086/529386","title":"Use of Throat Swab or Saliva Specimens for Detection of Respiratory Viruses in Children","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Clinical Infectious Diseases","topic":"SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing","field":"Medicine","cited_by":111,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Provincial Laboratory of Public Health; Stollery Children's Hospital; University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Saliva; Throat; Virology; Virus; Medicine; Antigen; Microbiology; Biology; Immunology; Internal medicine","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.2292855362056739,"gpt":0.4137622067616617,"spread":0.1844766705559878,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002069173,0.0001497717,0.0005571612,0.0002117868,0.00006841525,0.000005916967,0.00004940216,0.0001433373,0.00003503342],"category_scores_gemma":[0.006970899,0.0001248797,0.0003183438,0.0003724336,0.0003238616,0.0001198912,0.00003284503,0.0001771068,0.000008410578],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005150798,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001786737,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001554104,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001153098,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983185,0.0001234352,0.0009110398,0.000298201,0.0001659839,0.0001828753],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9974878,0.001580574,0.0003334702,0.0003015942,0.0002007103,0.00009588206],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000495377,0.00120233,0.9673526,0.00006298925,0.0001075874,0.000009799214,0.00001881963,0.000009909381,0.02760011,0.000009633566,0.0001714404,0.002959464],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002870296,0.002124261,0.8685391,0.0001122776,0.0001693109,0.00003568409,0.00001083199,0.00006672869,0.1248617,0.00005644033,0.001033518,0.0001198753],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9983684,0.0001864728,0.0002686153,0.000006207598,0.000235567,0.0006630558,0.00004427395,0.0001311213,0.00009622227],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998154,0.00004296739,0.00007067292,0.001328523,0.000319225,0.00003727771,0.000003397499,0.00003018247,0.00001368307],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.09881346,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8345321,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3122970113","doi":"10.1128/jcm.02427-20","title":"Self-Collected Saline Gargle Samples as an Alternative to Health Care Worker-Collected Nasopharyngeal Swabs for COVID-19 Diagnosis in Outpatients","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Clinical Microbiology","topic":"SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing","field":"Medicine","cited_by":109,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Vancouver General Hospital; McMaster University; BC Centre for Disease Control; B.C. Women's Hospital & Health Centre; University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Medicine; Saliva; Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); Saline; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2); Internal medicine; 2019-20 coronavirus outbreak; Pathology; Outbreak; Disease; Infectious disease (medical specialty)","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1145983614648537,"gpt":0.454444043280441,"spread":0.3398456818155873,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001174992,0.0002271782,0.001361895,0.0003936279,0.0001397337,0.00002296913,0.0001925171,0.0002972976,0.00008399061],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01810534,0.0001960812,0.0003624355,0.000787174,0.0000709931,0.00006354247,0.00007734056,0.000705988,0.00001081448],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005573753,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00292765,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002046588,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002040103,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9958238,0.0009065634,0.002237119,0.0004665712,0.000115964,0.0004499577],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9936079,0.003453552,0.001014555,0.0002284774,0.001168265,0.0005272055],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.03004547,0.009996533,0.7869025,0.0008203117,0.002003524,0.001609631,0.01378917,0.0001447657,0.08023621,0.00006893661,0.03991592,0.03446697],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.08777543,0.06168569,0.126223,0.001708435,0.000663456,0.005144787,0.004765265,0.0003474472,0.1313188,0.0009295952,0.5781679,0.001270178],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9912793,0.0009165663,0.0005291695,0.004862338,0.001387354,0.0008106517,0.0001074566,0.00004896032,0.00005819258],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9172013,0.0001644516,0.03396415,0.04743468,0.0009517385,0.00005236195,0.0001182861,0.00004617946,0.00006683255],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6606795,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9901656,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3036994456","doi":"10.1093/infdis/jiaa370","title":"Suboptimal Biological Sampling as a Probable Cause of False-Negative COVID-19 Diagnostic Test Results","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Journal of Infectious Diseases","topic":"SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing","field":"Medicine","cited_by":108,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; St. Paul's Hospital; AIDS Vancouver; Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2); Diagnostic test; 2019-20 coronavirus outbreak; Sampling (signal processing); False Negative Reactions; Test (biology); Medicine; Biology; Virology; Computer science; Pathology; Internal medicine; Emergency medicine; Disease; Outbreak; Infectious disease (medical specialty); Ecology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.09510499520544297,"gpt":0.3471935717867776,"spread":0.2520885765813347,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004108803,0.0001554502,0.000390949,0.0001018074,0.0001635793,0.00002118744,0.0001177829,0.00005860631,0.00003839509],"category_scores_gemma":[0.1247464,0.00009346307,0.0001733193,0.000422684,0.0001969712,0.00008672221,0.00005186895,0.0003400686,0.00001886405],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001062057,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004478985,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009821574,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001298752,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986231,0.000178136,0.0005957038,0.0001343339,0.0002768236,0.0001918954],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9891593,0.009339071,0.0006565308,0.000143971,0.0003669283,0.0003342396],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.009087057,0.002234492,0.8187225,0.0005290438,0.0009169661,0.001006544,0.004777667,0.00487941,0.1530458,0.0001103937,0.002945938,0.001744188],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0590214,0.06757389,0.3841745,0.003337204,0.008098839,0.02477461,0.009150138,0.002812202,0.4191675,0.01330958,0.006697395,0.001882695],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9960631,0.0005661563,0.0006894271,0.001693355,0.00009299419,0.0003175541,0.00005296564,0.00008599792,0.000438493],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9953005,0.0001395165,0.0001611382,0.004040254,0.0003308848,0.000005061393,0.000002240427,0.00001517212,0.000005228429],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.434548,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8826262,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4223924166","doi":"10.1186/s12889-022-13127-7","title":"Barriers to and strategies to address COVID-19 testing hesitancy: a rapid scoping review","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"BMC Public Health","topic":"SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing","field":"Medicine","cited_by":106,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"St. Michael's Hospital; Izaak Walton Killam Health Centre; Toronto Rehabilitation Institute; Impact; Dalhousie University; University of Toronto; McMaster University; Nova Scotia Health Authority","funders":"Health Canada","keywords":"Medicine; Grey literature; MEDLINE; Biostatistics; Scopus; Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); Test strategy; Population; Public health; Family medicine; Nursing; Environmental health; Disease; Pathology; Infectious disease (medical specialty)","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1994374879072489,"gpt":0.4201147673448262,"spread":0.2206772794375773,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003081145,0.0001662106,0.0004688567,0.0003089765,0.0008325872,0.00009900009,0.0001242363,0.00002757367,0.0003043024],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01574021,0.0001675858,0.00004389619,0.001451104,0.00002524893,0.0001374798,0.0001698027,0.0002851131,0.00001291962],"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000574513,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.01076801,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005749491,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002870947,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9976264,0.0004004386,0.0005205096,0.0004651637,0.000405525,0.000581991],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9972748,0.0004960504,0.0001570315,0.0003248958,0.0001093561,0.001637876],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000575578,0.0005441795,0.2155403,0.243359,0.0002477908,0.0005225366,0.02573434,0.0003245363,0.01283862,0.005158149,0.1168545,0.3783005],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0084773,0.008794175,0.01792678,0.06077279,0.0001501357,0.004793726,0.03284348,0.001888243,0.0006836326,0.0003113011,0.8609923,0.002366196],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6000995,0.09667846,0.01824445,0.2446804,0.001483083,0.01799783,0.0001104296,0.002898584,0.01780719],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.4977315,0.0002588967,0.01469277,0.4859854,0.0002741022,0.0008947583,0.00001213317,0.00007081231,0.00007956599],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7441378,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99484,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3024861400","doi":"10.1016/j.jcv.2020.104442","title":"A combined oropharyngeal/nares swab is a suitable alternative to nasopharyngeal swabs for the detection of SARS-CoV-2","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Clinical Virology","topic":"SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing","field":"Medicine","cited_by":105,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Nova Scotia Health Authority; Dalhousie University","funders":"Department of Health, Western Cape Government; Nova Scotia Department of Health and Wellness","keywords":"Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2); Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); Economic shortage; 2019-20 coronavirus outbreak; Pandemic; Virology; Medicine; Internal medicine; Infectious disease (medical specialty)","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1800827871802606,"gpt":0.4311628049837301,"spread":0.2510800178034696,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001484129,0.0001805858,0.001086092,0.0001346187,0.0000931785,0.00001461452,0.0002780533,0.0002212572,0.00003361425],"category_scores_gemma":[0.008052298,0.0001216411,0.0005744036,0.0003096446,0.0001643804,0.0001037299,0.0000863676,0.0008087527,0.00002367106],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000333817,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001703704,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004689948,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002233234,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9971701,0.0002331712,0.001703924,0.0002686405,0.0003371886,0.000287011],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.994628,0.003294076,0.001102385,0.0002050604,0.0006157404,0.0001547818],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.01884583,0.000394977,0.004477598,0.00008583198,0.0007189292,0.0001056083,0.0006669593,0.00002299419,0.9482912,0.00004567494,0.003434637,0.02290979],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0126406,0.02727177,0.01526102,0.00008928619,0.000632124,0.0003114876,0.0001796296,0.00942035,0.8972914,0.0007450288,0.03598074,0.0001766313],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9738772,0.0003178425,0.009913319,0.01401239,0.001153788,0.0005196449,0.000011625,0.00002553953,0.0001686613],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9557913,0.00004751233,0.001027124,0.04165367,0.001411519,0.00001350429,5.485439e-7,0.00002911749,0.0000257092],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.05099982,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9639934,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3120522994","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144786","title":"Evaluation of two rapid ultrafiltration-based methods for SARS-CoV-2 concentration from wastewater","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Science of The Total Environment","topic":"SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing","field":"Medicine","cited_by":105,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Universitat de Barcelona; Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad; Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades; Centres de Recerca de Catalunya; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Centrifugation; Chromatography; Wastewater; Murine norovirus; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2); Chemistry; Virus; Virology; Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); Biology; Environmental science; Norovirus; Medicine; Environmental engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.07848050354727189,"gpt":0.3638928771903238,"spread":0.2854123736430519,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002947102,0.00008300544,0.0001396366,0.00002318421,0.0001520522,0.00001455576,0.0001416149,0.00002410658,0.00007670857],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007354834,0.00004952099,0.000100869,0.0001916604,0.0004865904,0.00007869117,0.00003532041,0.00006583802,0.000004374674],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001399261,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002726038,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004349489,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":8.756345e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983406,0.0002683483,0.0002707004,0.0002148388,0.0007691112,0.0001363968],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990091,0.000223816,0.000192422,0.0004294627,0.00012864,0.00001653062],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002435505,0.00006205737,0.00001269659,0.000005637649,0.00001781184,6.243062e-8,0.0002675523,0.005963343,0.9839892,0.00004379463,0.000004781009,0.009608671],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008941403,0.00006940503,0.001000712,0.00002878562,0.0001943555,0.000004576485,0.00009517353,0.2060121,0.7909834,0.0006589809,0.00001664046,0.00004170346],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9926497,0.00008902697,0.005277968,0.0006967472,0.0002459044,0.0005682087,0.000007658279,0.000008146385,0.0004566737],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9847277,0.000001628787,0.01501903,0.0001499807,0.00004111234,0.00003011792,0.000004014234,0.000006339237,0.00002000496],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2000488,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2019407,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}