{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":364,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":364,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12"},"query_hash":"bf84e295cb6e","filters":{"topic":"Shape Memory Alloy Transformations"}},"results":[{"id":"W2054734511","doi":"10.1139/l07-038","title":"Utilizing shape memory alloys to enhance the performance and safety of civil infrastructure: a review","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering","topic":"Shape Memory Alloy Transformations","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":245,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Pseudoelasticity; Shape-memory alloy; Computer science; Structural engineering; Mechanical engineering; Engineering; Construction engineering; Materials science; Artificial intelligence; Martensite","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01977042948646734,"gpt":0.2669351504609656,"spread":0.2471647209744982,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002093953,0.0004016053,0.001372983,0.0005150432,0.0001457655,0.00006286956,0.0008519813,0.0001530633,0.0008778297],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003648431,0.0002984811,0.000269986,0.000653183,0.00009245279,0.0003363236,0.00003909346,0.0006724985,0.00001526286],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000276904,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001414456,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005863804,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01110613,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9973489,0.00007817455,0.001475017,0.0002077855,0.0003629861,0.0005271059],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9979732,0.0002653585,0.0005778456,0.0003802549,0.0001774994,0.0006258208],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001182283,0.000009593174,0.000008816655,0.1241037,0.0002498869,0.0001191711,0.001537442,0.009240557,0.0004160369,0.0001924244,0.004415867,0.8596947],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00007165207,0.00004999514,0.00004863354,0.07403766,0.0003540299,0.0008330344,0.00002316312,0.0001748727,0.0001042456,0.000002408809,0.9239712,0.0003290924],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.000352025,0.9961786,0.0009892649,0.0001006672,0.000766758,0.0005597991,0.0000526519,0.00001280568,0.0009874208],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0082159,0.9907815,0.0005011764,0.0001976807,0.0002068459,0.00001312756,0.000003568306,0.00005584424,0.00002436082],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9195554,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999467,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2025467911","doi":"10.1002/1097-4636(20000915)51:4<685::aid-jbm17>3.0.co;2-s","title":"Effect of surface treatment and sterilization processes on the corrosion behavior of NiTi shape memory alloy","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Biomedical Materials Research","topic":"Shape Memory Alloy Transformations","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":202,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Materials science; Corrosion; Nickel titanium; Metallurgy; Electropolishing; Auger electron spectroscopy; Biocompatibility; Oxide; Alloy; Crevice corrosion; Shape-memory alloy; Chemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05118590736967903,"gpt":0.3678119456458032,"spread":0.3166260382761242,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004531232,0.0001290981,0.0004071817,0.0001690138,0.0001301436,0.00006883989,0.0003131273,0.00009575286,0.006004532],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004892602,0.00006777442,0.00004547516,0.0003287672,0.000616973,0.0002054684,0.0000352915,0.0001063527,0.00003114068],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005822536,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001887335,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003045322,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000230775,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9966689,0.001148916,0.0007519232,0.0001351611,0.001052971,0.00024215],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9978094,0.00126719,0.0002431461,0.0001771141,0.0003736861,0.0001294609],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001296907,0.0003166149,0.00006110246,0.0003639598,0.000007954974,0.00001090189,0.0004795234,0.00001454147,0.9921955,0.00000675717,0.00009986702,0.005146342],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009042684,0.005435328,0.000606799,0.0003476146,0.0000411414,0.00005699382,0.0001195344,0.00003791934,0.9921792,0.00001477664,0.0002012522,0.00005516039],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9986164,0.0001059388,0.000007199066,0.0003887156,0.0001816798,0.0005177568,0.0000985026,0.000007006131,0.00007679912],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992123,0.0005085701,0.00007849174,0.00001241654,0.00008310545,0.00001897026,0.000006884053,0.00001287246,0.00006640211],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.005973391,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9949041,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2139861787","doi":"10.1016/j.joen.2011.03.023","title":"Fatigue Testing of Controlled Memory Wire Nickel-Titanium Rotary Instruments","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Endodontics","topic":"Shape Memory Alloy Transformations","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":200,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Nickel titanium; Materials science; Metallurgy; Nickel; Shape-memory alloy; Forensic engineering; Engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.07749811346145487,"gpt":0.267454652870474,"spread":0.1899565394090191,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000954765,0.0001492198,0.0005347705,0.000171001,0.0000822834,0.00002578915,0.0004234667,0.00006740818,0.0003967799],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006815061,0.0001194369,0.0001733735,0.0001788442,0.0001072129,0.0006260587,0.00003842193,0.0002036076,0.00002174333],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004827633,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001719713,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002349993,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000983726,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979519,0.0001253291,0.001118153,0.00009556788,0.0004701888,0.0002388758],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9979569,0.0002320186,0.0009774816,0.0002066518,0.0005066122,0.0001203364],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007193672,0.0004802477,0.01651216,0.0001290279,0.0001674137,0.00007872005,0.002572305,0.0002860262,0.9758564,0.000409258,0.0004164898,0.002372568],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01004465,0.0008598514,0.01220808,0.0004085761,0.0003813948,0.0004543191,0.001442226,0.001036651,0.971935,0.0008018265,0.0001255181,0.0003018889],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9862226,0.0001033729,0.002664939,0.00005477797,0.001045764,0.0002193971,0.0000132572,0.00001908638,0.009656851],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9520062,0.00001651279,0.04770701,0.00006389539,0.0001141859,0.000003020108,6.769332e-7,0.0000165222,0.00007203416],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.04504208,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4870493,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2110738794","doi":"10.1016/j.joen.2011.08.005","title":"Metallurgical Characterization of Controlled Memory Wire Nickel-Titanium Rotary Instruments","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Endodontics","topic":"Shape Memory Alloy Transformations","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":195,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Nickel titanium; Austenite; Materials science; Microstructure; Metallurgy; Martensite; Shape-memory alloy; Titanium; Differential scanning calorimetry; Diffusionless transformation; Composite material; Thermodynamics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02820396577678025,"gpt":0.2341033566687403,"spread":0.20589939089196,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007823593,0.0001411621,0.0005619591,0.0001697396,0.00005831577,0.00002561569,0.0003439815,0.0000791748,0.001174243],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001356241,0.0001095634,0.0002291523,0.0001334553,0.00009654924,0.0007914494,0.00003204229,0.0001641703,0.0000400447],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000398849,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001081618,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000004506716,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000266408,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9980167,0.0001529051,0.001069525,0.00009461663,0.0004723486,0.0001938739],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983796,0.00006538135,0.000899005,0.0001818344,0.0003591719,0.0001149639],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006796013,0.0002913926,0.000591699,0.00003528536,0.0001022881,0.00002609194,0.0007967357,0.0000167413,0.9966339,0.0004526606,0.00002724744,0.0003462944],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.008986228,0.0006069923,0.01886048,0.0001386213,0.0004791042,0.000337377,0.0003842354,0.0007647375,0.9684784,0.0002629426,0.0004545868,0.0002462299],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9898783,0.00003627001,0.006192608,0.00009120827,0.001095823,0.0002279571,0.00001891186,0.0000147851,0.002444155],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9937659,0.00006271686,0.005811289,0.00007879876,0.0001186718,0.000003890521,0.000004668429,0.00001533835,0.0001387641],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0281555,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997388,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3046792622","doi":"10.1016/j.istruc.2020.05.058","title":"Recent advances in the applications of shape memory alloys in civil infrastructures: A review","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Structures","topic":"Shape Memory Alloy Transformations","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":177,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus; University of British Columbia","funders":"University of British Columbia","keywords":"Shape-memory alloy; SMA*; Pseudoelasticity; Smart material; Dissipation; Structural engineering; Materials science; Deformation (meteorology); Engineering; Mechanical engineering; Computer science; Composite material","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02604899450754963,"gpt":0.3336137432086567,"spread":0.3075647487011071,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006630375,0.0004706454,0.001687068,0.0002526485,0.00007380425,0.00004272191,0.00162426,0.0001974976,0.002011725],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002618163,0.0002981715,0.0002605069,0.001490571,0.0001995945,0.0002586442,0.00009825161,0.0006265243,0.00004479358],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001001756,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004221201,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001048059,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003966614,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9965029,0.0006364203,0.00146339,0.000516151,0.0005391489,0.0003419479],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981144,0.0004023374,0.0006191764,0.0007325719,0.0000665312,0.00006498136],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003265063,0.00001505143,0.000001126858,0.0341653,0.000009176434,0.000005888634,0.0004666936,0.00002313146,0.00001350536,0.0008114011,0.0004891265,0.9639964],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000122082,0.00001898043,0.00002722484,0.01009721,0.0001778656,0.00004580038,0.000106048,0.00000284567,0.00001500839,0.002427107,0.9866911,0.0002687824],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.000008318306,0.993602,0.00003778235,0.0002144209,0.000184077,0.003085311,0.0003093,0.00003833034,0.002520442],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00006266114,0.9974623,0.0005551215,0.0005566193,0.0001173458,0.001057286,0.000150003,0.00003507737,0.000003594558],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9862019,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999947,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2076866871","doi":"10.1193/1.1897384","title":"Shape Memory Alloys for Seismic Response Modification: A State‐of‐the‐Art Review","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Earthquake Spectra","topic":"Shape Memory Alloy Transformations","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":165,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Shape-memory alloy; Dissipation; Nickel titanium; Structural engineering; Materials science; Austenite; Mechanical engineering; Engineering; Metallurgy","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05653448784313353,"gpt":0.333300072539877,"spread":0.2767655846967434,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.002713126,0.0006099897,0.001826335,0.0001928567,0.0002545632,0.00007794176,0.001334277,0.0002004085,0.002419907],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004090945,0.0004597284,0.00117342,0.0006835191,0.0002355269,0.0003039986,0.00007446621,0.0004189089,0.00242147],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001761717,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001080826,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000002607045,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002237209,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9954637,0.0008700548,0.001756399,0.0006932091,0.000627311,0.0005892951],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.996491,0.0007121224,0.0009316219,0.001528296,0.0001855722,0.0001514343],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006067377,0.0001063349,6.609157e-8,0.03026274,0.00006307181,0.000003336482,0.0001723135,0.0000882966,0.0002441768,0.0001347758,0.01112867,0.9577355],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002381699,0.00007292906,0.00001800149,0.01824912,0.0005990181,0.00009665518,0.000005423265,0.00009280606,0.0003284465,0.0000509868,0.9797811,0.0004673274],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0001807283,0.9904119,0.0006180778,0.001284814,0.0006471895,0.004903196,0.0007931127,0.0001634506,0.000997574],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00005954393,0.9909573,0.002092751,0.0005014345,0.0002607613,0.0008283731,0.0001113594,0.0001069852,0.005081483],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9686524,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997854,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2062330243","doi":"10.1016/j.engstruct.2012.12.041","title":"Behavior and modeling of superelastic shape memory alloy reinforced concrete beams","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Engineering Structures","topic":"Shape Memory Alloy Transformations","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":158,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; Public Works and Government Services Canada; University of Ottawa","funders":"Public Works and Government Services Canada; Government of Canada","keywords":"SMA*; Shape-memory alloy; Materials science; Structural engineering; Ductility (Earth science); Dissipation; Finite element method; Pseudoelasticity; Reinforcement; Reinforced concrete; Constitutive equation; Composite material; Martensite; Computer science; Engineering; Microstructure; Creep","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0101566273009789,"gpt":0.2123994253289274,"spread":0.2022427980279485,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008153454,0.0001555176,0.0001916894,0.00008536121,0.00005605593,0.00005364783,0.0001629441,0.00007314602,0.0008047164],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007103402,0.0001418022,0.00003672527,0.00006851597,0.00004817207,0.0003551912,0.00003593147,0.0001086901,0.00001862024],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001472725,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000162667,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006506068,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.113622e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991438,0.00001034075,0.0002909684,0.0001575524,0.0001751672,0.0002221602],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999579,0.0000637777,0.00003640494,0.0001782247,0.00005820579,0.00008443186],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000002026021,3.110062e-7,0.000008583576,0.000047255,0.000004679502,7.45378e-7,0.0003635765,0.4486344,0.5502465,0.0006139788,0.00000804908,0.00006994014],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002724494,0.00003231376,0.001690813,0.00003098282,0.00003261066,0.0000255634,0.0001116957,0.8769588,0.1206106,0.00003349663,0.000008230005,0.000192406],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9931673,0.00008865353,0.00597935,0.00001823968,0.0002650935,0.0002551153,0.00001419917,0.0001290618,0.00008300383],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9858941,0.000004973279,0.01393485,0.00002333253,0.00004286447,0.00004429017,0.00000713628,0.00002243303,0.0000259995],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4296359,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.881108,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2010911247","doi":"10.1002/jbm.10114","title":"Effect of surface treatment of NiTi alloy on its corrosion behavior in Hanks’ solution","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Biomedical Materials Research","topic":"Shape Memory Alloy Transformations","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":144,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Materials science; Auger electron spectroscopy; Nickel titanium; Electropolishing; Corrosion; Contact angle; Oxide; Metallurgy; Titanium; Alloy; Scanning electron microscope; Surface roughness; Nuclear chemistry; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Shape-memory alloy; Composite material; Chemistry; Electrode; Chromatography","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1160836266550243,"gpt":0.4013141280712951,"spread":0.2852305014162708,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004649509,0.000143309,0.0005898078,0.000551884,0.00007095616,0.00003802829,0.0003357265,0.0001612249,0.003486499],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004891916,0.00009679489,0.0001001129,0.0004260469,0.0003410467,0.0002283888,0.00004148927,0.000151662,0.0001445308],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002416502,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007622739,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005865322,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000479022,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9954054,0.001403788,0.001104977,0.0001556061,0.001534955,0.0003952699],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981989,0.0007869244,0.0003274818,0.0001934663,0.0003114289,0.0001818458],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000875166,0.001190506,0.0001229622,0.0001818601,0.000005653491,0.00006647527,0.0003504943,0.00001555425,0.9951916,0.00001241812,0.0002314958,0.001755835],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002075095,0.01100963,0.001311026,0.0003227945,0.00002443334,0.00005148315,0.00003492527,0.000116949,0.9848043,0.0000100633,0.0001705341,0.00006877886],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9981667,0.0001682594,0.00002197781,0.0003490894,0.0006345058,0.0004805592,0.0001017123,0.000007015601,0.00007014602],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992549,0.0003740322,0.0001592047,0.000004538745,0.0001056588,0.00001697557,0.000005887514,0.00001369354,0.00006507838],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01038729,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9974244,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2612250285","doi":"10.1016/j.matdes.2017.05.011","title":"Dissimilar laser welding of superelastic NiTi and CuAlMn shape memory alloys","year":2017,"lang":"es","type":"article","venue":"Materials & Design","topic":"Shape Memory Alloy Transformations","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":125,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Brockhouse Institute for Materials Research; McMaster University; University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Materials science; Shape-memory alloy; Pseudoelasticity; Nickel titanium; Welding; Microstructure; Laser beam welding; Fusion welding; Metallurgy; Composite material; Martensite","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04466823929561293,"gpt":0.2828275367602611,"spread":0.2381592974646482,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","scholarly_communication","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002156726,0.0005369339,0.0009323981,0.0001763616,0.001113813,0.001683591,0.001056141,0.0002998835,0.009640796],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008171225,0.0005073468,0.00008591777,0.0000787612,0.0008171902,0.001475313,0.0003214984,0.000136629,0.0004560602],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004778964,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001807051,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009371939,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000006397775,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9964532,0.0006031584,0.001059456,0.0006446071,0.0005212733,0.0007183279],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9973227,0.0004382515,0.0006502221,0.001143042,0.0001965861,0.0002492069],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002795058,0.0001230442,0.0002201292,0.0007016278,0.00006732994,0.00004961863,0.001099207,0.0001950207,0.9956536,0.0005360523,0.0004320169,0.0006428841],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001094824,0.000232473,0.01078685,0.0005861858,0.0003084766,0.00004403249,0.0002249395,0.0002263738,0.984551,0.0007819756,0.0006034677,0.0005594717],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9926401,0.0002279105,0.001434395,0.0006619541,0.002122018,0.0009026933,0.0006027488,0.000103623,0.001304589],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9945527,0.0006253497,0.004020616,0.0001128066,0.0003268703,0.00006936504,0.00002148445,0.00008756548,0.0001832697],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01110263,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997378,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1999578411","doi":"10.1016/j.msea.2007.02.150","title":"Structure and properties of severely cold-rolled and annealed Ti–Ni shape memory alloys","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Materials Science and Engineering A","topic":"Shape Memory Alloy Transformations","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":110,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"École de Technologie Supérieure","funders":"","keywords":"Substructure; Materials science; Annealing (glass); Austenite; Thermomechanical processing; Nanocrystalline material; Metallurgy; Transmission electron microscopy; Atmospheric temperature range; Dislocation; Deformation (meteorology); Composite material; Microstructure; Thermodynamics; Structural engineering; Nanotechnology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01087644037087433,"gpt":0.2008881432682517,"spread":0.1900117028973774,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00135338,0.0001622526,0.0002616913,0.0001745629,0.0001893695,0.000192663,0.0001739392,0.00006176478,0.00007949826],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013416,0.0001307306,0.000009219454,0.0002266588,0.0004342107,0.0005790637,0.00009331538,0.00004854914,0.000002854526],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002212478,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005631686,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004028364,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000007617143,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987339,0.0000152568,0.0003125927,0.0002783182,0.0003126516,0.000347295],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995165,0.00003240165,0.00006433857,0.0001476168,0.0001063141,0.0001328452],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003705905,0.000006646238,0.00008156336,0.0001991844,0.000002960845,0.000002428826,0.001004007,0.0001232996,0.9982691,0.000147511,0.000005506911,0.0001206925],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000365172,0.00005453337,0.01580117,0.00008274685,0.00001311721,0.00005380021,0.0001507387,0.001357338,0.9818982,0.00001464427,0.00003869229,0.000169833],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9989371,0.0002197009,0.000062743,0.00005711976,0.0003371174,0.0002392202,0.00002972847,0.00007383985,0.00004343069],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982086,0.00002882306,0.001633066,0.0000468677,0.00004125874,0.000007153146,8.497038e-7,0.00001218318,0.00002120909],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01637093,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5331039,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1979730399","doi":"10.1088/0964-1726/9/5/307","title":"Experimental determination of thermal and electrical properties of Ni-Ti shape memory wires","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Smart Materials and Structures","topic":"Shape Memory Alloy Transformations","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":102,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Austenite; Materials science; Shape-memory alloy; Electrical resistivity and conductivity; Martensite; Thermal conductivity; Composite material; SMA*; Thermal; Phase (matter); Calorimeter (particle physics); Metallurgy; Thermodynamics; Microstructure; Electrical engineering; Chemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01361849974585567,"gpt":0.2320805439575808,"spread":0.2184620442117252,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001424405,0.000121111,0.0002392459,0.00004871884,0.00008672977,0.00004954492,0.00008978552,0.00005969127,0.002198122],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001246633,0.00008884268,0.00001827075,0.00003823769,0.0002287409,0.0002254678,0.00002242229,0.00002541149,0.000002560839],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000006460697,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001841695,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007883416,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004046885,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991497,0.00008380035,0.0003193463,0.0001519538,0.0001541497,0.0001410618],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997378,0.00001680292,0.00007937413,0.0001008292,0.00002952495,0.0000356845],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001555068,0.00001793779,0.00009989364,0.00007882083,0.00000397618,5.674588e-7,0.001264272,0.000002456279,0.9940803,0.0001670438,0.000006363959,0.004122849],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000299576,0.0001201674,0.01796907,0.00002373821,0.00001379598,0.00002072564,0.0001041729,0.00008311254,0.9810895,0.0001623675,0.00001605621,0.00009766436],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9988996,0.0004706958,0.000002401546,0.0000183956,0.0001274825,0.0001856376,0.00003666547,0.00002133707,0.000237755],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993798,0.00002529687,0.0004692022,0.00002522608,0.00004250497,0.00001280341,0.000003952612,0.000009317133,0.00003188815],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01786918,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.998714,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4206431391","doi":"10.1016/j.istruc.2022.01.034","title":"Shape memory alloys (SMAs) for resilient bridges: A state-of-the-art review","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Structures","topic":"Shape Memory Alloy Transformations","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":100,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"British Columbia Institute of Technology; Lakehead University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Shape-memory alloy; Materials science; State (computer science); Structural engineering; Cognitive science; Psychology; Computer science; Composite material; Engineering; Programming language","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05120270493653033,"gpt":0.3319525730504426,"spread":0.2807498681139123,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009322118,0.0005350252,0.001757026,0.0001351696,0.0003537278,0.00005503379,0.00167635,0.0001169831,0.005788353],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004523758,0.0003595816,0.001059906,0.0004285013,0.0001937433,0.0001422336,0.0002778478,0.0003940217,0.0000717178],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001807966,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006601355,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009206038,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002460512,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9963648,0.0004999248,0.001330578,0.0006016274,0.0007350817,0.0004679379],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9973007,0.0004961627,0.0008690432,0.001142397,0.00009344378,0.00009821927],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001239092,0.00002768796,2.347385e-7,0.1364214,0.00008611521,0.000003628627,0.0001827218,0.00004039184,0.00006994172,0.0004954614,0.03059685,0.8320631],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001379979,0.00004945925,0.000005625697,0.009549162,0.0007851778,0.00006274865,0.00001448019,0.000005864587,0.0002315178,0.0004890941,0.9883013,0.0003675687],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.00004382632,0.9910265,0.00005553836,0.00009354635,0.001784874,0.004158298,0.001800868,0.00008430276,0.0009522208],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.000007840362,0.9966187,0.0007106971,0.0003959148,0.0001121379,0.001020067,0.000247812,0.00008602994,0.000800733],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9577044,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998856,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2040949659","doi":"10.1016/j.msea.2003.10.330","title":"Magnetically driven shape memory alloys","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Materials Science and Engineering A","topic":"Shape Memory Alloy Transformations","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":100,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Academy of Finland","keywords":"Mesoscopic physics; Shape-memory alloy; Context (archaeology); Magnetic field; Magnetic shape-memory alloy; Field (mathematics); Computer science; Anisotropy; Focus (optics); Curie temperature; Atomic units; Statistical physics; Materials science; Condensed matter physics; Physics; Magnetic anisotropy; Magnetization; Artificial intelligence; Ferromagnetism; Mathematics; Geology; Optics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008487897140817161,"gpt":0.2073451797134345,"spread":0.1988572825726173,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008391919,0.0001603629,0.0001761477,0.0001541745,0.0002328371,0.0003799298,0.0003945956,0.00004793419,0.0006310642],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001654849,0.0001453361,0.00001744881,0.0003107305,0.0003409682,0.000691973,0.0001007697,0.00005567785,0.0003328464],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007663494,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000137557,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002919749,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002428901,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984833,0.00001058578,0.0002563172,0.0003303435,0.0004446114,0.000474832],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994282,0.00002375202,0.0000318148,0.0002337427,0.00009710913,0.0001854238],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000415776,0.00001413998,0.000003290151,0.00003205853,9.87128e-7,0.000006509574,0.0003564073,0.004520788,0.9928436,0.002048603,0.0000109559,0.0001585619],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003763691,0.00007660408,0.00284891,0.00005190382,0.00001010716,0.00006755606,0.00006214926,0.001404951,0.9943817,0.0001669662,0.0002991509,0.000253672],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9970222,0.00002817623,0.0008080654,0.0004283049,0.0006910747,0.0001636652,0.00001481691,0.0002486731,0.0005950558],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9894689,0.00001210121,0.01019016,0.0001692021,0.00008809604,0.00003152662,0.000001810983,0.00001580013,0.00002242485],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0093821,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.690971,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2144871245","doi":"10.1109/tcst.2008.922506","title":"Tracking Control of an Antagonistic Shape Memory Alloy Actuator Pair","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology","topic":"Shape Memory Alloy Transformations","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":98,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"SMA*; Shape-memory alloy; Control theory (sociology); Actuator; Nonlinear system; Miniaturization; Torque; Controller (irrigation); Materials science; Computer science; Control engineering; Engineering; Control (management); Physics; Artificial intelligence","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01730888858889192,"gpt":0.2384132559294156,"spread":0.2211043673405237,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006001557,0.0003836095,0.0008734496,0.0007151034,0.0005711519,0.00004270342,0.0006873438,0.0004824516,0.0003078999],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004318116,0.0003689837,0.0001980113,0.0004227879,0.0005888919,0.0005476129,0.000001310242,0.0004440683,0.0002513109],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001380122,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001922647,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009473819,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007946767,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9970266,0.0002813427,0.001043335,0.0005623227,0.0004732371,0.0006132178],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.997966,0.0003793522,0.0003404498,0.0008542457,0.0002960681,0.0001639109],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002962846,0.0005141545,0.00003791097,0.0000886705,0.0001133412,0.00006801034,0.0003452809,0.03213632,0.9631979,0.0002893374,0.00002048453,0.002892251],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01182853,0.001802382,0.0002664977,0.0002009364,0.0004298182,0.001666581,0.001113563,0.1877739,0.7931023,0.00008931508,0.0007545079,0.0009715958],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6625404,0.0001048559,0.3335364,0.0003709104,0.001183162,0.001007975,0.0003047696,0.0008476711,0.0001038645],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986934,0.0000142951,0.0004602379,0.0001359058,0.00007820693,0.0004643664,0.000003380089,0.00005924925,0.00009093168],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.336153,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998762,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2113065318","doi":"10.2320/matertrans.47.795","title":"Structure and Properties of the Ti&amp;ndash;50.0 at%Ni Alloy after Strain Hardening and Nanocrystallizing Thermomechanical Processing","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS","topic":"Shape Memory Alloy Transformations","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":92,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"École de Technologie Supérieure","funders":"","keywords":"Materials science; Thermomechanical processing; Substructure; Annealing (glass); Alloy; Work hardening; Metallurgy; Atmospheric temperature range; Strain hardening exponent; Composite material; Microstructure; Thermodynamics; Structural engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01432858102477292,"gpt":0.2086350502934929,"spread":0.19430646926872,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002520042,0.000202137,0.0002536652,0.00005532976,0.0004700276,0.0001983138,0.0001457306,0.000108337,0.001039231],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00000855768,0.0001394065,0.00004089734,0.00009663322,0.0002658124,0.0003772497,0.00002581181,0.00008836569,0.000004737152],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003579866,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004451317,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001265102,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005598317,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986533,0.0001319865,0.0004403053,0.0002695366,0.0002391177,0.000265753],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995574,0.00002040662,0.0001221851,0.0002003326,0.00005298239,0.00004671939],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006338429,0.00002200756,0.00003758396,0.0002380037,0.00000768772,6.423638e-7,0.001111307,0.000119842,0.9981927,0.00004492399,0.000004231565,0.0001577218],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000333513,0.00001872756,0.005897866,0.0001980346,0.00007802727,0.0000888417,0.0001648777,0.00005403863,0.9924054,0.0002743751,0.0002895083,0.0001968415],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.994031,0.000232763,0.004295606,0.0002784814,0.0002648661,0.0003662509,0.0004158419,0.00007739555,0.00003778948],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9980533,0.00001084511,0.001526477,0.00004428714,0.00005201162,0.00005249422,0.000007289049,0.0000295227,0.000223827],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.005860282,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998739,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2006749851","doi":"10.1139/l05-049","title":"A new concept of isolation bearings for highway steel bridges using shape memory alloys","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering","topic":"Shape Memory Alloy Transformations","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":89,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Structural engineering; Bearing (navigation); Deformation (meteorology); Natural rubber; Deck; Stiffness; Shape-memory alloy; Displacement (psychology); Residual; Materials science; Tension (geology); Engineering; Composite material; Computer science; Compression (physics)","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01773472503205654,"gpt":0.221386801529067,"spread":0.2036520764970105,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003399776,0.0001218331,0.0002365914,0.0002991265,0.00007242942,0.00005776524,0.0002360727,0.00006129005,0.0005740821],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001249949,0.0001321532,0.0001023015,0.0001261615,0.00002810103,0.0006837869,0.000005722128,0.0001102771,0.000003804377],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002142272,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007803105,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006330336,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01649551,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989525,0.00001186178,0.0004932981,0.00009003909,0.0001610591,0.000291223],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990487,0.0000791541,0.0001966468,0.0001060723,0.0001800338,0.0003894501],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008842865,0.000004528391,0.00007422193,0.00005317283,0.00002066536,0.000004485017,0.001709767,0.637231,0.358673,0.0003330649,0.0006517129,0.001235479],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002247562,0.000230879,0.004420315,0.0006816041,0.0001769053,0.0003627411,0.0004239314,0.5744812,0.3993366,0.00007022679,0.01696441,0.0006036072],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7268637,0.0006215645,0.270957,0.0003313376,0.0007350726,0.0001865456,0.00004271701,0.00002254674,0.000239434],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.976905,0.000002221638,0.02255644,0.00004621609,0.0004051352,0.000001387536,0.000001959407,0.00002471124,0.00005687019],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2500413,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9204883,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2158179267","doi":"10.1002/adem.201200246","title":"Multiple Memory Shape Memory Alloys","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Advanced Engineering Materials","topic":"Shape Memory Alloy Transformations","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":88,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo; Smarter Alloys (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Shape-memory alloy; Materials science; Nickel titanium; SMA*; Embedding; Fabrication; Transformation (genetics); Component (thermodynamics); Set (abstract data type); Computer science; Nanotechnology; Artificial intelligence; Metallurgy; Algorithm; Programming language","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008088189985672399,"gpt":0.2063527970812832,"spread":0.1982646070956108,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003243856,0.0003453869,0.000401226,0.0001318483,0.0001281627,0.0001993717,0.0004510897,0.0001126543,0.009815317],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002271661,0.0003388633,0.00006914576,0.0001625584,0.00005284806,0.001385867,0.00008511092,0.0001023186,0.004700665],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007718507,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002654491,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005991801,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003092144,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9980332,0.00004882032,0.0005865141,0.0003985959,0.000291258,0.0006416751],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989096,0.0001739248,0.0001054526,0.0005248257,0.0001024325,0.0001837615],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001073165,0.00002514161,0.000005670428,0.00009363272,0.000009436414,0.000004565978,0.0001906452,0.02615741,0.9720367,0.00009433155,0.0001989547,0.001172782],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006727073,0.00003408083,0.001931412,0.00005912967,0.0000141012,0.00002116088,0.00008622276,0.003165673,0.9926056,0.00008507684,0.0008870558,0.0004377794],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9925477,0.00008187944,0.00253969,0.0001291707,0.002224859,0.0007258161,0.00005800249,0.0009618581,0.0007310287],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9764006,0.00001746647,0.02226079,0.0001739279,0.0002140671,0.0004939333,0.00003978455,0.00008485893,0.0003146112],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02299174,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999064,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1992784462","doi":"10.1617/s11527-010-9601-0","title":"Exploratory investigation on mechanical anchors for connecting SMA bars to steel or FRP bars","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Materials and Structures","topic":"Shape Memory Alloy Transformations","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":87,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Western University; Okanagan University College; University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus; University of British Columbia","funders":"Pultrall","keywords":"SMA*; Structural engineering; Materials science; Shape-memory alloy; Fibre-reinforced plastic; Solid mechanics; Bar (unit); Composite material; Engineering; Computer science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0415698682622932,"gpt":0.2752363520103012,"spread":0.233666483748008,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005162593,0.000186892,0.0002470154,0.00008033878,0.0003224156,0.0002911359,0.000178029,0.000129407,0.001056584],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004709701,0.0001402878,0.00002670054,0.00006878646,0.00005651354,0.0002508262,0.00003972197,0.00007916718,0.00002686477],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001430795,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004813087,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001630982,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00008704163,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988172,0.00007745464,0.0003438911,0.0003255422,0.000166451,0.0002694349],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992629,0.0002015549,0.00008734407,0.0002164012,0.00006289825,0.0001688932],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001804128,0.000005266107,0.000005361712,0.00006367503,0.000004432905,0.000001177651,0.0007714991,0.00007108352,0.9876776,0.01050258,0.0002817557,0.0004351507],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004139761,0.0001886062,0.001346614,0.00002804505,0.00001499759,0.00001150079,0.0003014306,0.00002152981,0.988833,0.00731171,0.001326659,0.0002019358],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9958171,0.000003737812,0.0005823398,0.0003881397,0.002215858,0.000579557,0.0002684285,0.0001065659,0.00003823894],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.983339,0.000002064747,0.01541032,0.0007612832,0.0003070233,0.0001083719,0.00002575743,0.00002700207,0.00001916155],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01482798,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998566,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2797756526","doi":"10.1016/j.matdes.2018.03.066","title":"Laser welding of Cu-Al-Be shape memory alloys: Microstructure and mechanical properties","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Materials & Design","topic":"Shape Memory Alloy Transformations","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":85,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"FP7 People: Marie-Curie Actions; National Natural Science Foundation of China; UNIDEMI; Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia; Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Ensino Superior; Federación Española de Enfermedades Raras","keywords":"Materials science; Shape-memory alloy; Microstructure; Welding; Nickel titanium; Laser beam welding; Metallurgy; Composite material; Ultimate tensile strength; Deformation (meteorology); Laser; Optics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04100673523347537,"gpt":0.2514264976414714,"spread":0.210419762407996,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001058723,0.0002469121,0.0004033183,0.00008714597,0.0002205715,0.0001901824,0.0003337009,0.0001403661,0.004605419],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000106186,0.000195452,0.00003776556,0.0001071142,0.0003669929,0.0004366536,0.0001104426,0.00006385674,0.0001552654],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002523879,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007025952,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004168884,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000009126103,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998117,0.0003156218,0.0005490549,0.0003649299,0.00028062,0.0003727763],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991887,0.00007778246,0.0001631403,0.0003309001,0.0001448729,0.00009466315],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001714429,0.0000245304,0.000003094658,0.00007856592,0.00001303648,0.00000355001,0.0009430533,0.00001530154,0.9974408,0.0001158268,0.001030665,0.0001601278],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004433901,0.0001876145,0.0001263349,0.00008894259,0.0000417906,0.00004579609,0.000187056,0.0001431377,0.9975953,0.0003809516,0.0005253189,0.0002343394],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9958673,0.00006520249,0.001922632,0.0003981401,0.000876183,0.0005181297,0.00007813959,0.0001322234,0.0001421214],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.985891,0.00001796229,0.01302769,0.0007048171,0.0001817322,0.00004233503,0.000006453138,0.00003807603,0.00008997047],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01110506,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9963045,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2019342714","doi":"10.1007/s11661-011-0639-6","title":"Mechanical and Functional Properties of Laser-Welded Ti-55.8 Wt Pct Ni Nitinol Wires","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A","topic":"Shape Memory Alloy Transformations","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":85,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Materials science; Intermetallic; Welding; Microstructure; Laser; Phase (matter); Metallurgy; Shape-memory alloy; Composite material; Structural material; Alloy; Optics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05706824955508873,"gpt":0.2105609763718054,"spread":0.1534927268167166,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000362888,0.0001849343,0.0003693037,0.00007695563,0.0002310227,0.00008995819,0.0001003586,0.0001142062,0.01013283],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001524077,0.0001464269,0.00006355323,0.00009331154,0.0003177075,0.0004752016,0.00001801004,0.00008000127,0.00007900949],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000008763136,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003078032,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002198149,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007533508,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998626,0.000133538,0.0004907175,0.0002920318,0.0002165268,0.0002412076],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995278,0.00003452592,0.00008279592,0.0001528262,0.00007283213,0.0001292632],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002688507,0.0002178427,0.000001585066,0.0001359117,0.00004318143,0.000006060995,0.00037148,0.00001160075,0.9974476,0.001180227,0.00001122407,0.0003044554],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007092835,0.0001097845,0.0007875445,0.00005264244,0.0001562088,0.0001833536,0.0002691797,0.00009678861,0.9963591,0.0007288114,0.0003438866,0.0002034925],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9719208,0.00007745402,0.02665377,0.0001179831,0.0003842857,0.000276579,0.0001039787,0.0001040321,0.0003611548],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.997443,0.0001147412,0.001927714,0.00004351368,0.00003760435,0.00009561284,0.000007968046,0.00001680229,0.0003130384],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02552224,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9907721,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2180921868","doi":"10.1016/j.euromechsol.2015.11.004","title":"Nonlinear aero-thermal flutter postponement of supersonic laminated composite beams with shape memory alloys","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"European Journal of Mechanics - A/Solids","topic":"Shape Memory Alloy Transformations","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":75,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"","keywords":"Flutter; Materials science; Supersonic speed; Aeroelasticity; Beam (structure); Shape-memory alloy; Structural engineering; Nonlinear system; Aerodynamics; Mechanics; Composite material; Physics; Engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02362398825660585,"gpt":0.2332711902105678,"spread":0.209647201953962,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003020976,0.0003011207,0.0004824242,0.0001926634,0.0001136059,0.00008988686,0.0008574639,0.00004812842,0.0006287151],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005673138,0.0002367329,0.0001541249,0.000259421,0.00008915737,0.0005804445,0.0001164974,0.0003780724,0.0002601411],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001062151,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002022065,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000004454877,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003254103,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9966184,0.000715244,0.001028516,0.0002330162,0.0009708768,0.0004339649],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9978843,0.00005750877,0.0006090137,0.0003783199,0.0007225318,0.0003482638],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005640034,0.0003172403,0.00003514209,0.00004892983,0.0001050877,0.0004134009,0.00363454,0.002976417,0.9907629,0.00008068912,0.0003857694,0.0006759032],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.007899504,0.005638925,0.0005991627,0.0006038974,0.0004277247,0.001510103,0.002610681,0.0145286,0.9630395,0.00003730441,0.0023375,0.0007670773],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.989711,0.000139791,0.006661023,0.0004879204,0.00062871,0.0002166764,0.00004227875,0.00004788188,0.002064736],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9812559,0.00001969977,0.01782226,0.0004385948,0.0002479623,0.000001462022,0.0000137189,0.00008205396,0.0001183272],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02772336,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9653687,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2066746579","doi":"10.1063/1.4705422","title":"The role of Ni-Mn hybridization on the martensitic phase transitions in Mn-rich Heusler alloys","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Physics Letters","topic":"Shape Memory Alloy Transformations","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":71,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"U.S. Department of Energy","keywords":"Materials science; Orthorhombic crystal system; Diffusionless transformation; Condensed matter physics; Magnetization; Magnetic shape-memory alloy; Martensite; Valence electron; Crystallography; Crystal structure; Electron; Metallurgy; Microstructure; Magnetic field; Chemistry; Magnetic anisotropy","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01325173540105497,"gpt":0.2285480379865741,"spread":0.2152963025855191,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004174751,0.0001361787,0.0001315402,0.00003211068,0.0002613581,0.0000427569,0.0002366831,0.00002667606,0.00005292525],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000009403429,0.00009389821,0.00004705527,0.0002783319,0.0001577847,0.0002144554,0.000013945,0.0001402814,0.0001886411],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003661842,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000185811,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000007172992,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004680853,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989011,0.00009224772,0.0002603022,0.0001372012,0.0002761425,0.0003330446],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992588,0.000245858,0.00008534837,0.0003386859,0.00002949443,0.00004184856],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002638916,0.0001808375,0.00001765963,0.000005914874,0.00001003596,2.613738e-7,0.002240781,0.001429519,0.9494263,0.04523928,0.000773464,0.00064955],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006228602,0.00001932438,0.0005154498,0.00001530135,0.00004218196,0.000001930427,0.0009079609,0.0005384972,0.9944959,0.001354871,0.001310087,0.0001756784],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9909375,0.00001431656,0.003283027,0.003078938,0.0001593056,0.0004288291,0.00006000161,0.00003697045,0.002001167],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9970819,0.000002873096,0.0001168455,0.002454651,0.0001331815,0.0001386736,0.00004726086,0.00001951564,0.000005147358],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.04506955,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3829058,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2107734216","doi":"","title":"Features of structure and phase transformations in shape memory TiNi-based alloys after severe plastic deformation","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Annales de Chimie Science des Matériaux","topic":"Shape Memory Alloy Transformations","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":69,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Materials science; Severe plastic deformation; Martensite; Austenite; Nanocrystalline material; Annealing (glass); Nucleation; Amorphous solid; Shape-memory alloy; Metallurgy; Diffusionless transformation; Transmission electron microscopy; R-Phase; Nanocrystal; Crystallography; Composite material; Microstructure; Nanotechnology; Thermodynamics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02416337352045256,"gpt":0.2635214947375477,"spread":0.2393581212170951,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006142581,0.0002151331,0.0002367031,0.0005009816,0.0003050603,0.0001644645,0.0004200042,0.00008901777,0.001524325],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000216703,0.0001892812,0.00005672101,0.0007439494,0.001002605,0.00205813,0.00003188589,0.0001774096,0.00004752948],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009818174,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00015602,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001739544,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000157983,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981266,0.00007741713,0.0004948908,0.0002904546,0.000497684,0.0005129798],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999128,0.000162345,0.0001336971,0.0002534869,0.0001445793,0.0001778429],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004922297,0.000845672,0.003995117,0.001475649,0.00002145374,0.00003695417,0.05421437,0.03118997,0.8651314,0.001247024,0.0004289372,0.0409212],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005286667,0.0005243951,0.2353075,0.0005947917,0.00009457685,0.0004441532,0.002598847,0.3053633,0.4462515,0.00233194,0.0001676198,0.001034726],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9959191,0.0002218457,0.001699619,0.0002325968,0.0001285534,0.0003143069,0.0002070698,0.00006547346,0.001211415],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9941563,0.00004212035,0.00547477,0.0002230891,0.00002397555,0.00003615774,0.00001617452,0.00001292064,0.00001449361],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.41888,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9993884,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2272842848","doi":"10.1088/0964-1726/24/12/125036","title":"Dissimilar laser welding of NiTi shape memory alloy and copper","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Smart Materials and Structures","topic":"Shape Memory Alloy Transformations","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":66,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs; Ontario Centres of Excellence","keywords":"Materials science; Welding; Nickel titanium; Shape-memory alloy; Copper; Cracking; Metallurgy; Laser beam welding; Composite material; Fracture (geology); Joint (building); Electric resistance welding; Structural engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02455745264101808,"gpt":0.2530184207186676,"spread":0.2284609680776496,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003956861,0.0001616848,0.0002911497,0.00005792133,0.0001131913,0.0001318009,0.0001169761,0.0000804911,0.001367588],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007326566,0.0001256341,0.0000177345,0.00004852794,0.0001923983,0.0002909556,0.00007403793,0.00004034755,0.00001011957],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000008817753,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003627845,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004833599,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001846756,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989744,0.00009235082,0.0003167062,0.0002112196,0.0001968331,0.000208513],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994898,0.00004336519,0.00008996301,0.0001622994,0.00007564899,0.0001388798],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009517934,0.00001005681,0.0005549646,0.0001151853,0.00001198214,0.000005313288,0.001305192,0.00005084987,0.9957515,0.0006546509,0.001104345,0.0003407691],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006225588,0.0000715541,0.01017794,0.00002759066,0.00003416967,0.0000439884,0.0005242639,0.00002502257,0.9835556,0.002886522,0.001834661,0.0001961014],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.997579,0.0001902551,0.000005664559,0.0002229978,0.0006653249,0.0001676297,0.0001843726,0.00004525544,0.0009394634],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986118,0.00006182111,0.0009704609,0.0001696409,0.0001018617,0.000009415127,0.00001780536,0.0000156417,0.00004155599],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01219588,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995453,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2045211748","doi":"10.1007/s11661-012-1115-7","title":"Resistance Microwelding of Ti-55.8 wt pct Ni Nitinol Wires and the Effects of Pseudoelasticity","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A","topic":"Shape Memory Alloy Transformations","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":65,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Pseudoelasticity; Materials science; Welding; Austenite; Shape-memory alloy; Martensite; Metallurgy; Recrystallization (geology); Microstructure; Composite material; Differential scanning calorimetry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.006292240214685989,"gpt":0.2059328051889164,"spread":0.1996405649742304,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006710116,0.0001412272,0.0004171901,0.00004888989,0.0001952673,0.0000527265,0.0001157093,0.00006945273,0.0007636441],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006409995,0.000096041,0.00006328156,0.0001051752,0.0006059792,0.0003297741,0.00001407681,0.00006415341,0.00001033144],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000006698605,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001268853,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001113219,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003095971,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987456,0.0002451657,0.000452081,0.000151361,0.0001682847,0.0002375265],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990869,0.0004983464,0.0001378353,0.0001491967,0.00004633766,0.00008135727],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002406552,0.000107364,0.000005741083,0.0006097312,0.00003840743,0.000001152902,0.0007788545,0.000008480864,0.9951154,0.002951939,0.000009377785,0.0001329255],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001431998,0.00003379576,0.002107951,0.000133094,0.0002838193,0.00005119539,0.0001212658,0.00002211637,0.9948586,0.0003889554,0.0004295643,0.0001376203],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9614732,0.0007354517,0.03657351,0.0001176799,0.0004161992,0.0003431778,0.00006925473,0.00003172609,0.0002398376],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9977177,0.0002781588,0.001690413,0.00002631203,0.00003738388,0.00005871741,0.000002173687,0.00001089458,0.0001781953],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03624459,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8361367,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2069306537","doi":"10.1134/s0031918x11020244","title":"Crystal lattice of martensite and the reserve of recoverable strain of thermally and thermomechanically treated Ti-Ni shape-memory alloys","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Physics of Metals and Metallography","topic":"Shape Memory Alloy Transformations","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":64,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"École de Technologie Supérieure; Quest University Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Martensite; Austenite; Materials science; Lattice (music); Annealing (glass); Bainite; Lattice constant; Crystallography; Metallurgy; Nanocrystalline material; Crystal structure; Condensed matter physics; Anisotropy; Shape-memory alloy; Diffraction; Microstructure; Optics; Nanotechnology; Chemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.031696071786211,"gpt":0.2262350146872378,"spread":0.1945389429010268,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002035206,0.0001896817,0.0006648826,0.00007700766,0.00008336145,0.00001423811,0.000324158,0.00005944316,0.00009362352],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005001541,0.0001059894,0.0001984473,0.0002825569,0.001278438,0.0002812894,0.0001116512,0.000102185,3.633178e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000001422212,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002226382,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003401551,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003505504,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983377,0.0004109722,0.0005843681,0.0002036554,0.0002778187,0.0001854131],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998382,0.000447147,0.0004923531,0.0004211229,0.0002072625,0.00005017027],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000402076,0.0001468823,0.0001609718,0.0001722797,0.0003768478,4.891576e-7,0.002695546,0.00001096116,0.9790626,0.01587826,0.000002721571,0.001090412],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004007873,0.0008436283,0.03523847,0.0001723068,0.00199028,0.00001858464,0.002022815,0.001318316,0.8824219,0.07160916,0.00001856574,0.0003381332],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9960755,0.0009113252,0.0002738973,0.00008433675,0.00003764377,0.0004566091,0.0001896995,0.0000116248,0.001959439],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9978971,0.0004860169,0.001499132,0.00004558222,0.00001027655,0.00001375977,0.000004422291,0.00001579191,0.00002788575],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.09664068,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4710458,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1997324772","doi":"10.1088/0960-1317/21/7/075005","title":"Wireless microfluidic control with integrated shape-memory-alloy actuators operated by field frequency modulation","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering","topic":"Shape Memory Alloy Transformations","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":63,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Actuator; Materials science; Cantilever; Wireless; Microfluidics; Wireless power transfer; Acoustics; Radio frequency; Power (physics); Optoelectronics; Electrical engineering; Engineering; Nanotechnology; Physics; Composite material; Telecommunications","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.007246053179099135,"gpt":0.1805624422911438,"spread":0.1733163891120447,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003760476,0.0002413032,0.0003501414,0.0001941927,0.0001011336,0.00008512121,0.0002552219,0.0001140224,0.0002724983],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002280283,0.0001926706,0.00006320853,0.0001985305,0.00002636031,0.0005180577,0.000018315,0.0002795347,0.000008501818],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006705349,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007403974,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004179877,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004699015,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987761,0.00003770006,0.000554317,0.0001773338,0.0001582673,0.0002962766],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991801,0.00004321301,0.0002310469,0.0001373335,0.0002596896,0.0001486005],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008692573,0.00005076302,0.00003549671,0.00003279227,0.00004791722,0.00002797536,0.0006698617,0.00004245946,0.9968469,0.00006848192,0.0002504612,0.00183995],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001553337,0.0004213971,0.0000553924,0.00019153,0.00007482287,0.0006111798,0.000301657,0.007282949,0.9890378,0.00003211417,0.0001784552,0.0002593525],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.879209,0.0007567526,0.1194302,0.00006806149,0.0002804154,0.0001632035,0.00003581983,0.0000376745,0.00001886854],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9939846,0.0003134968,0.005458399,0.0001449797,0.00003362849,0.000004551905,0.000006281304,0.00003636225,0.00001769956],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1147756,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.785688,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4308346188","doi":"10.1016/j.actamat.2022.118477","title":"Thermally induced reorientation and plastic deformation of B19’ monoclinic martensite in nanocrystalline NiTi wires","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Acta Materialia","topic":"Shape Memory Alloy Transformations","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":63,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Canadian Nuclear Laboratories; Grantová Agentura České Republiky; Ministerstvo Školství, Mládeže a Tělovýchovy","keywords":"Materials science; Martensite; Microstructure; Austenite; Nanocrystalline material; Diffusionless transformation; Deformation (meteorology); Metallurgy; Composite material; Nickel titanium; Dislocation; Shape-memory alloy; Nanotechnology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02164802319029579,"gpt":0.2513466896665091,"spread":0.2296986664762133,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005918247,0.0001193672,0.0002004856,0.000159779,0.0001371155,0.00006007664,0.0001579229,0.00004058982,0.00105307],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005239885,0.0001202593,0.00002256231,0.000183642,0.00004586512,0.0006511916,0.00009355308,0.00007472132,0.00001938874],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005853074,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004905925,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001495984,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005443431,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986769,0.0001497243,0.0005605852,0.0001774846,0.0002463947,0.0001889102],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999469,0.00005148851,0.0002198528,0.0001717289,0.00005071719,0.00003721909],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002092194,0.00005147168,0.0008847027,0.00005980058,0.000004209222,0.000003635596,0.002024663,0.00009451316,0.9962956,0.000227638,0.00005425901,0.00009031848],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003227968,0.0005699905,0.1889847,0.0000840974,0.00006121123,0.00007753314,0.00320056,0.002452889,0.798802,0.001365316,0.0006922443,0.000481416],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9977024,0.000007471087,0.00005280826,0.0001337276,0.00153032,0.0002916414,0.0001122479,0.00004559239,0.0001238399],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993069,0.000006620355,0.0003400569,0.00007718201,0.00003312676,0.00007475691,0.0001071932,0.00001494572,0.00003928225],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1974935,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998601,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2064839959","doi":"10.1016/j.msec.2015.01.085","title":"Surface characterizations of laser modified biomedical grade NiTi shape memory alloys","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Materials Science and Engineering C","topic":"Shape Memory Alloy Transformations","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":62,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Smarter Alloys (Canada); University of Toronto; University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canadian Network for Research and Innovation in Machining Technology, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Ontario Centres of Excellence","keywords":"Materials science; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; Shape-memory alloy; Auger electron spectroscopy; Nickel titanium; Laser; Spectroscopy; Polishing; Surface roughness; Raman spectroscopy; Crystallinity; Corrosion; Composite material; Metallurgy; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Chemical engineering; Optics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03146400089247113,"gpt":0.2444323453306506,"spread":0.2129683444381795,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001437896,0.0001502245,0.0002367416,0.0001673688,0.0001205586,0.0001575187,0.0003676993,0.00005999385,0.0001998965],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002688891,0.0001351135,0.00001729925,0.0004788363,0.0004065656,0.0007857369,0.00009736058,0.00004882469,0.00005941059],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000045011,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001826209,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003063286,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":8.923762e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983947,0.00002816255,0.0003667047,0.0002622577,0.0005868143,0.0003613663],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992002,0.00004118172,0.00007251143,0.0002328841,0.000187512,0.0002657407],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006744769,0.00003241365,0.00001040724,0.00004671276,0.000002053166,0.000002339361,0.0007013908,0.003030881,0.9957992,0.0002794947,0.00005283478,0.00003546799],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003333967,0.00005259288,0.00132438,0.00003980437,0.00001164386,0.00002273792,0.0001497297,0.00966182,0.9879282,0.00003885561,0.0002543328,0.0001825757],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.997134,0.00001743413,0.001074625,0.0002187045,0.001004282,0.0001621463,0.0000948822,0.0001370039,0.0001568865],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9972403,0.000008633644,0.002548216,0.00005495072,0.00007206313,0.0000128686,0.00001712415,0.00001492651,0.0000309134],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.00787113,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5509769,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1974512296","doi":"10.1115/1.3160310","title":"Design of Shape Memory Alloy Actuators for Morphing Laminar Wing With Flexible Extrados","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Mechanical Design","topic":"Shape Memory Alloy Transformations","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":61,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"École de Technologie Supérieure","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Thales Group","keywords":"Morphing; Shape-memory alloy; Actuator; SMA*; Wing; Structural engineering; Mechanical engineering; Displacement (psychology); Materials science; Engineering; Computer science; Composite material","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05545861989123482,"gpt":0.2773727974610933,"spread":0.2219141775698585,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003119652,0.0002314159,0.0005533614,0.0002046476,0.0001477116,0.00006967071,0.0005628543,0.0001250743,0.0002438792],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003045045,0.0001688777,0.000170209,0.0002187795,0.00005038043,0.0008606723,0.00001364715,0.0002329568,0.00000928255],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000827695,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002200827,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":9.268435e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.181628e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9975469,0.0002858209,0.0009269114,0.0002015328,0.0006560959,0.0003827525],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9977652,0.0008733874,0.0006330336,0.0002237547,0.0003105451,0.0001941041],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001115448,0.0001926075,8.160433e-7,0.00003521796,0.00003449783,0.00003060479,0.0003686888,0.02829355,0.9636526,0.0009078775,0.0002425765,0.00512551],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001775253,0.00361013,0.00003416088,0.0002997341,0.0001791542,0.0003017488,0.0002517927,0.05540498,0.9334694,0.004392886,0.00003826394,0.0002425528],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1284688,0.00006408069,0.8702393,0.0004316842,0.0001954238,0.0005261733,0.000003755012,0.00003939101,0.00003143701],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6877953,0.00001604993,0.3118438,0.0001883036,0.0001010269,0.000008197517,4.832333e-7,0.00002177255,0.00002510385],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5593265,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6886632,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2025268244","doi":"10.2320/matertrans.mra2008243","title":"Effects of Welding Parameters on the Mechanical Performance of Laser Welded Nitinol","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS","topic":"Shape Memory Alloy Transformations","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":59,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Pseudoelasticity; Materials science; Welding; Shape-memory alloy; Aerospace; Composite material; Biocompatibility; Laser beam welding; Metallurgy; Fracture (geology); Microstructure; Martensite","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02179317107913875,"gpt":0.2178859916429809,"spread":0.1960928205638421,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003131007,0.0001159195,0.0002124922,0.00007335045,0.0002416632,0.00001436639,0.0002048141,0.00005157107,0.001232793],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003376439,0.00008481915,0.00007103138,0.0001623039,0.0001711748,0.000221038,0.000004297483,0.00006368344,0.00008347013],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001545217,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002723786,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000026944,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002888785,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989001,0.0001462851,0.0003940395,0.0001351222,0.0002294957,0.0001950112],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992681,0.0003137981,0.0001031912,0.0002262244,0.00004747303,0.0000412613],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001001615,0.0001150908,0.00001092653,0.00009565533,0.00001307869,0.000001702165,0.0005409602,0.001434089,0.9972388,0.000381815,0.000006919747,0.00006079586],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003614036,0.0001592978,0.001839821,0.00006070869,0.00003591705,0.0000209224,0.0000630358,0.00009372984,0.997216,0.00005138524,0.00001233986,0.00008540775],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9904158,0.000003558385,0.008272302,0.0002093713,0.0004754986,0.0003484699,0.00003814526,0.00006302117,0.0001738061],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987694,0.00002305758,0.001008829,0.00007135147,0.00001529027,0.00007181896,0.00000123891,0.00001247012,0.00002656395],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.008353553,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996802,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2580346199","doi":"10.1177/1045389x16685443","title":"Modeling and characterization of shape memory alloy springs with water cooling strategy in a neurosurgical robot","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures","topic":"Shape Memory Alloy Transformations","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":59,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering; McMaster University; American Brain Tumor Association","keywords":"Actuator; Shape-memory alloy; Robot; Materials science; Acoustics; Spring (device); Mechanical engineering; Amplitude; Water cooling; Trajectory; Resistive touchscreen; Computer science; Control theory (sociology); Engineering; Physics; Optics; Artificial intelligence; Computer vision; Composite material","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0239990724898838,"gpt":0.2521721688525908,"spread":0.2281730963627069,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004881089,0.0001431587,0.0003848777,0.0001100632,0.0001414831,0.0004674572,0.0001881977,0.00007119953,0.00007013608],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001696537,0.00008597986,0.00002850151,0.00001695185,0.00009085034,0.0005541,0.00004413832,0.00009671089,5.266973e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001534245,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002453765,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001826425,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000165982,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986664,0.00007014654,0.0007236897,0.0001343106,0.0002338609,0.0001716089],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992781,0.00001247878,0.0003709714,0.0001332056,0.0001299198,0.00007530262],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004350096,0.00001163152,0.0005115152,0.0001730744,0.00001140815,0.0000229187,0.0006514568,0.02612485,0.9716578,0.000206397,2.142559e-7,0.000193713],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001135296,0.0004828236,0.03106489,0.000690086,0.00006183385,0.001020209,0.0006897677,0.07843573,0.8859113,0.000143146,0.00003520699,0.000329684],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9983028,0.00004166482,0.0008367251,0.00003223855,0.0005837478,0.0001641608,0.00001424978,0.000005581195,0.0000188257],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996247,0.00008228482,0.0001059137,0.000007095133,0.000156425,0.000002246711,0.000002506179,0.00001213128,0.00000674182],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.08574648,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4507701,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2012837794","doi":"10.1016/j.wear.2012.11.017","title":"Wear and dent resistance of superelastic TiNi alloy","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Wear","topic":"Shape Memory Alloy Transformations","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":56,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Materials science; Shape-memory alloy; Pseudoelasticity; Diffusionless transformation; Indentation; Wear resistance; Martensite; Metallurgy; Alloy; Deformation (meteorology); Composite material; Microstructure","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01496760372921275,"gpt":0.2363670672003654,"spread":0.2213994634711527,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002961069,0.00006553828,0.0001033801,0.00003142775,0.00005793412,0.0000155154,0.0001010077,0.00003310731,0.0007239981],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005767547,0.00005893705,0.00002027573,0.00006466543,0.000089034,0.0002638155,0.00002493871,0.00004423379,0.0004010327],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001229818,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001611571,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008393696,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002079896,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993427,0.00004104429,0.000170259,0.00008913309,0.0001583485,0.0001984508],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996333,0.00007812515,0.00003599536,0.0001511722,0.00002166958,0.00007971628],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001721284,0.00003991363,0.003180806,0.00005489125,0.000003693546,5.383256e-7,0.001957727,0.00000653496,0.9899972,0.004424645,0.0003010303,0.00001580054],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006357676,0.00005868466,0.06991076,0.0001029915,0.00004975033,0.0000168288,0.0008397341,0.00008151813,0.9113698,0.0003801028,0.01630234,0.0002516898],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9966826,0.0002511776,0.0002495317,0.0001258684,0.0002193857,0.00008741546,0.00001537859,0.00003409129,0.002334553],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9969229,0.00002259165,0.002430496,0.00004396241,0.00005070859,0.000006855958,0.000001364093,0.000008459375,0.0005126422],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.07862739,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7927271,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1974011937","doi":"10.1017/s0263574709990324","title":"A shape memory alloy based tendon-driven actuation system for biomimetic artificial fingers, part II: modelling and control","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Robotica","topic":"Shape Memory Alloy Transformations","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":54,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University; University of Victoria","funders":"","keywords":"Shape-memory alloy; Artificial muscle; SMA*; Control theory (sociology); Actuator; PID controller; Computer science; Joint stiffness; Controller (irrigation); Tendon; Materials science; Engineering; Structural engineering; Artificial intelligence; Mechanical engineering; Stiffness; Control (management); Anatomy; Algorithm","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03277605727520361,"gpt":0.2444788707408763,"spread":0.2117028134656727,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005392502,0.0001826654,0.0002880828,0.0001122024,0.0004457471,0.0001253996,0.0001573248,0.0001019469,0.00008038434],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007903485,0.0001723412,0.00008209899,0.0001174052,0.00006357459,0.0002817263,0.000009806336,0.00007459227,0.00004774729],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006791086,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008384046,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000005170689,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004742115,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985696,0.00007444735,0.0004263152,0.0003301156,0.0002371458,0.0003623849],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991386,0.0002886814,0.00011459,0.0002257661,0.0001108261,0.0001215304],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001481911,0.00008864597,0.000003570559,0.00007582621,0.00001154608,0.000002423963,0.0003044964,0.5703456,0.4262846,0.001641563,0.00005654183,0.001036997],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00102635,0.0002042662,0.00003927436,0.00009557491,0.0001269369,0.000004518321,0.00009440669,0.9436569,0.05427733,0.0001919277,0.00008454617,0.0001979445],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4387955,0.00007139292,0.5558734,0.00287031,0.0004295771,0.001334566,0.00008182928,0.0002976139,0.000245863],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9836099,0.000002635094,0.01577939,0.0003128158,0.0001532262,0.00007845111,0.00002882431,0.00001785705,0.00001690162],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5448144,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7027872,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2170008081","doi":"10.1177/1045389x04041529","title":"Pseudoelastic SMA Spring Elements for Passive Vibration Isolation: Part I – Modeling","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures","topic":"Shape Memory Alloy Transformations","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":53,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Bell Helicopter Textron (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"SMA*; Shape-memory alloy; Vibration isolation; Structural engineering; Damper; Parametric statistics; Vibration; Nonlinear system; Engineering; Vibration control; Hysteresis; Spring (device); Control theory (sociology); Mechanical engineering; Computer science; Acoustics; Physics; Mathematics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02489313226487221,"gpt":0.2610715111910692,"spread":0.236178378926197,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003338802,0.0001350395,0.0002486043,0.00009573734,0.0001835136,0.0003223104,0.0001221355,0.0000659823,0.00008225041],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005369884,0.0001018191,0.00006282009,0.0000407675,0.0000227423,0.0004450956,0.00001566988,0.00005697546,0.000003411638],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007728329,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005667573,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004216007,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001021736,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985513,0.00004000532,0.0008692721,0.0001189949,0.000245927,0.0001744648],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999162,0.00002991603,0.0004183127,0.00008246856,0.0002258969,0.0000813596],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003072068,0.00002450882,0.00007700739,0.0002604932,0.00005455084,0.000005466832,0.0009930516,0.3570643,0.6280512,0.01276719,0.00003548159,0.000359552],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003390803,0.00144839,0.0008567055,0.001280166,0.0003250911,0.0008220028,0.003276703,0.08268359,0.8764787,0.02617001,0.002378735,0.0008891495],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7037512,0.0000782639,0.2927907,0.00005629029,0.003038257,0.0002325902,0.00002884868,0.00001083486,0.00001302827],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9943194,0.0000300807,0.004701003,0.00002232335,0.0008921716,0.00001166977,0.000004980493,0.00001264092,0.000005688598],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2905682,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4152061,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2038672301","doi":"10.1063/1.4795627","title":"Enhancement of ferromagnetism by Cr doping in Ni-Mn-Cr-Sb Heusler alloys","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Physics Letters","topic":"Shape Memory Alloy Transformations","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":50,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"U.S. Department of Energy","keywords":"Ferromagnetism; Condensed matter physics; Materials science; Magnetoresistance; Magnetization; Electrical resistivity and conductivity; Doping; Magnetic field; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01048111072908592,"gpt":0.2157188169597621,"spread":0.2052377062306762,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001516984,0.0001931326,0.0002492124,0.00004674024,0.00006524239,0.00005483951,0.0003340582,0.00004683204,0.0007547788],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000003085328,0.0002003772,0.0000459714,0.0002004537,0.0001176785,0.0003471889,0.00005293296,0.0001294871,0.0007441433],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006179175,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001906356,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001913684,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000007423969,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985644,0.00003435072,0.0004039787,0.0002898158,0.0003246659,0.0003828286],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993976,0.00006079763,0.0001264262,0.0003301106,0.00002600672,0.00005910821],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005690155,0.00008764719,0.00004437512,0.00004067701,0.000007790613,5.103859e-7,0.000867705,0.0004305212,0.9889549,0.001034307,0.007784971,0.0007408807],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005856064,0.00002279324,0.0007520011,0.00003257879,0.00001136311,4.783454e-7,0.0001045584,0.0001204412,0.9971256,0.0004741928,0.0005149486,0.0002554699],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9873084,0.00001681495,0.008052777,0.001082094,0.0001934403,0.0005707429,0.00001827309,0.00004749903,0.002709993],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9947764,0.000005897343,0.00217515,0.002566529,0.00006097674,0.0002930081,0.00004577991,0.00002449897,0.0000517916],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.008170644,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9564705,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1966545765","doi":"10.1016/j.jallcom.2008.05.023","title":"Characterization of amorphous and nanocrystalline Ti–Ni-based shape memory alloys","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Alloys and Compounds","topic":"Shape Memory Alloy Transformations","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":49,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"École de Technologie Supérieure","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Materials science; Nanocrystalline material; Amorphous solid; Annealing (glass); Crystallization; Volume fraction; Amorphous metal; Alloy; Nanocrystal; Thermal stability; Differential scanning calorimetry; Austenite; Grain growth; Grain size; Crystallography; Metallurgy; Microstructure; Chemical engineering; Composite material; Thermodynamics; Nanotechnology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01698050820124491,"gpt":0.2195844829468776,"spread":0.2026039747456327,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004398375,0.000147855,0.0003570107,0.0001385355,0.0002536373,0.00008156442,0.0001726651,0.00006510311,0.0001600871],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002400214,0.00012426,0.00006857229,0.0001247562,0.0002138433,0.0004761346,0.00002721717,0.0001220825,0.000003348055],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002286608,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001205346,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001318019,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000009728606,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986255,0.0000736529,0.0006501492,0.000127176,0.0003555893,0.0001678968],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989718,0.00007172015,0.0004648658,0.0001242145,0.0002390499,0.0001284182],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001283368,0.0001190334,0.001031171,0.00005872992,0.00001804229,0.00003476871,0.0004193447,0.00008998288,0.9976736,0.0000492685,0.0001119031,0.000265839],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.007642975,0.002322636,0.1549915,0.0005386974,0.0002674512,0.004057633,0.0004305281,0.01311416,0.8077133,0.0003279199,0.007716147,0.0008771407],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9975178,0.0001817331,0.001237767,0.0004123585,0.0002549744,0.00009970605,0.00001937285,0.00001768399,0.0002586274],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9973061,0.000288936,0.001938317,0.0002386367,0.0001118595,0.000001990243,0.000009541871,0.00001567224,0.00008894396],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1899603,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5067174,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2048427570","doi":"10.1016/j.commatsci.2005.05.010","title":"Non-isothermal finite element modeling of a shape memory alloy actuator using ANSYS","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Computational Materials Science","topic":"Shape Memory Alloy Transformations","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":49,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"École de Technologie Supérieure; Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Shape-memory alloy; Finite element method; Actuator; Materials science; Bilinear interpolation; Isothermal process; Transformation (genetics); Hysteresis; Morphing; Smart material; Computer science; Mechanical engineering; Stress (linguistics); Structural engineering; Representation (politics); Engineering; Physics; Composite material","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03559931882984704,"gpt":0.288910522118429,"spread":0.2533112032885819,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001530728,0.0002061197,0.0002896546,0.0002629673,0.0004067446,0.0002076414,0.0007129766,0.00004792816,0.002162646],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008375045,0.0001987885,0.00005313793,0.000421212,0.0004243603,0.00137653,0.0001441086,0.00005397425,0.0002202625],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001517606,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005521031,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003318289,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003386716,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9973344,0.00005865702,0.0007802018,0.0004340965,0.0009349835,0.0004577042],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988549,0.0001056596,0.0002514292,0.0002574535,0.0003934428,0.0001370521],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001430654,0.00003649166,0.000006657003,0.00001991967,0.000001961139,5.607185e-7,0.0004807696,0.4910127,0.5080786,0.0002401313,0.000003193052,0.0001047147],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002857388,0.00002671044,0.0002052068,0.000043215,0.000009887922,0.00001033006,0.00008013728,0.6514459,0.3475176,0.0002177399,0.000008219953,0.000149356],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9387828,0.00001383363,0.05988555,0.000132746,0.0004694407,0.0003187423,0.00009413547,0.00006720787,0.0002355819],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9037655,0.000001562529,0.09579198,0.0002261896,0.0001567602,0.00001868291,0.00001274724,0.00001800824,0.000008577275],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.160561,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9987495,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2115992306","doi":"10.1134/s0031918x10090127","title":"Specific features of the formation of the microstructure of titanium nickelide upon thermomechanical treatment including cold plastic deformation to degrees from moderate to severe","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Physics of Metals and Metallography","topic":"Shape Memory Alloy Transformations","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":48,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"École de Technologie Supérieure","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Substructure; Materials science; Nanocrystalline material; Austenite; Annealing (glass); Amorphous solid; Dislocation; Microstructure; Severe plastic deformation; Deformation (meteorology); Crystallography; Metallurgy; Composite material; Indentation hardness; Chemistry; Structural engineering; Nanotechnology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0225091055274711,"gpt":0.2412471754455998,"spread":0.2187380699181287,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003383543,0.0001596834,0.000341049,0.00006086975,0.0001481222,0.0000224123,0.0004301279,0.0000555735,0.00001539435],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003523624,0.00007523028,0.0002342651,0.0003864122,0.0001374272,0.0002388947,0.0001169802,0.0001004278,0.000001031565],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00000967167,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000239546,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000106337,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002142676,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988641,0.0001282775,0.0004322806,0.0001267908,0.0003135428,0.0001349796],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998785,0.0002185783,0.0003722633,0.0004483151,0.0001378079,0.00003805794],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008013388,0.00004917846,0.00002561393,0.00003368438,0.00006019408,1.735679e-8,0.0020069,0.001957626,0.9906408,0.00477465,0.000009587366,0.0003615928],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002905702,0.00008501075,0.008329372,0.00004998289,0.0001928276,0.000002129204,0.0002766888,0.0003344611,0.9853044,0.005019292,0.00003955466,0.00007575432],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9954614,0.00008611358,0.002894109,0.0001748422,0.0003083701,0.0006220658,0.0003525867,0.000007468601,0.00009302005],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9974959,0.00002567738,0.002376589,0.0000325537,0.00002874043,0.00002050232,0.000006255403,0.000009688168,0.000004030697],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.008303758,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3067802,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1974529142","doi":"10.1016/j.actbio.2010.11.038","title":"Shape-memory NiTi with two-dimensional networks of micro-channels","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Acta Biomaterialia","topic":"Shape Memory Alloy Transformations","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":47,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Division of Materials Research; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Northwestern University; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Materials science; Nickel titanium; Shape-memory alloy; Composite material; Porosity; Pseudoelasticity; Titanium; Metallurgy; Martensite; Microstructure","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01078956976534561,"gpt":0.2366043617060739,"spread":0.2258147919407283,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004216185,0.0002516522,0.0003121895,0.0001121575,0.0001616592,0.0001274964,0.0004267563,0.0001387837,0.005632342],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002063383,0.0002008259,0.00006117202,0.0001955058,0.0003432923,0.000442594,0.00008318476,0.0000988637,0.0002348632],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000152067,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007898697,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000111775,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003907539,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984113,0.00007242334,0.0004601586,0.0003284675,0.0003037034,0.0004239348],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989811,0.00005882038,0.0002042423,0.0004663698,0.0001538536,0.0001355671],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000108013,0.00007835043,0.0000854062,0.00003000155,0.00001623498,0.00001034136,0.0001714868,0.00017448,0.9984297,0.0001231677,0.0007046766,0.00006816872],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009680707,0.0001036285,0.00146402,0.00004663084,0.0000379405,0.0001283355,0.00003253068,0.001021875,0.9954427,0.00007316075,0.0003988513,0.000282237],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9938876,0.000009375085,0.00007627435,0.0001960113,0.004778981,0.0002900852,0.0001227556,0.0001562112,0.0004826798],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9955593,7.890128e-7,0.0036512,0.0001635532,0.0003765775,0.00003141399,0.00007973245,0.0000383732,0.00009906795],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.005397479,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9952766,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1970129924","doi":"10.1088/0964-1726/9/5/306","title":"Finite-element modeling of phase transformation in shape memory alloy wires with variable material properties","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Smart Materials and Structures","topic":"Shape Memory Alloy Transformations","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":47,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Shape-memory alloy; Finite element method; Materials science; Boundary value problem; Material properties; SMA*; Mechanics; Galerkin method; Adiabatic process; Thermal conductivity; Structural engineering; Mathematical analysis; Composite material; Thermodynamics; Mathematics; Engineering; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01853385290889046,"gpt":0.2335315884558446,"spread":0.2149977355469541,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004087088,0.0002346364,0.0003840833,0.000110515,0.000140892,0.0001676668,0.0001646621,0.00008643216,0.0078691],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001036868,0.0001689897,0.0000214722,0.0001039886,0.0001121694,0.0006480087,0.00001651646,0.00005299523,0.000008534115],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002064017,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006135738,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004522092,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00008315485,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983757,0.0001177047,0.0006715356,0.0002531645,0.000267611,0.0003142654],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995956,0.00001997416,0.00008913592,0.0001833383,0.00005315572,0.0000587785],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001245151,0.00006333608,0.00001299474,0.000321325,0.00001306957,0.00000259968,0.003150741,0.04061896,0.9530399,0.0005331978,0.000006743815,0.0009920085],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002544162,0.0003136993,0.0001909301,0.0001712815,0.00004378419,0.00002287027,0.0004587197,0.03849934,0.9564537,0.0008209415,0.0001598277,0.0003206854],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9980161,0.00004455572,0.0002236436,0.00006638965,0.0002263313,0.0005307078,0.0003093457,0.00005613832,0.0005268348],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.997943,0.00005082084,0.001693525,0.00006172321,0.00006557925,0.0000663586,0.00007548355,0.00002121917,0.00002233062],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.007860566,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9930378,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W111407429","doi":"","title":"Characteristics of porous nickel-titanium alloys for medical applications.","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"PubMed","topic":"Shape Memory Alloy Transformations","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":46,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Nickel titanium; Porosity; Materials science; Shape-memory alloy; Austenite; Nickel; Martensite; Compatibility (geochemistry); Composite material; Metallurgy; Microstructure","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02594827947783874,"gpt":0.2331914203718637,"spread":0.207243140894025,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005333605,0.00009216344,0.0001834463,0.00005243501,0.00007770797,0.00002523069,0.0003431072,0.00008430414,0.0009835421],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002257549,0.0000874135,0.00005646673,0.0001208828,0.0001079796,0.0001529488,0.00002509977,0.00005879086,0.0001610671],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003025278,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001894139,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000003769548,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005405372,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987519,0.00002647683,0.0004192558,0.0001711442,0.0003331722,0.0002980021],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992071,0.000158821,0.0001197985,0.0002627507,0.000103803,0.0001476671],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001884682,0.002624036,0.004156073,0.001434826,0.0001475118,0.00001598586,0.001670527,0.00002080142,0.06176343,0.04795633,0.03434644,0.8456756],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005446781,0.0001980839,0.2425207,0.00006511209,0.0003788113,0.000188377,0.0002662903,0.003797349,0.3347561,0.002516268,0.4082457,0.001620375],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.820085,0.0004893534,0.1306129,0.007006331,0.001965665,0.008990238,0.001039866,0.0006610437,0.02914954],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9915155,0.00004893327,0.001866099,0.0003036017,0.000177357,0.005457314,0.00002691084,0.00001728153,0.0005869941],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8440552,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999297,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2115292000","doi":"10.1109/robot.2000.844780","title":"Constrained force control of shape memory alloy actuators","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Shape Memory Alloy Transformations","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":45,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Actuator; Control theory (sociology); Amplitude; SMA*; Physics; Sine wave; Offset (computer science); Tracking error; Shape-memory alloy; Tracking (education); Acoustics; Mathematics; Materials science; Computer science; Optics; Algorithm; Engineering; Electrical engineering; Control (management)","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01816626876929901,"gpt":0.225999642300958,"spread":0.207833373531659,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002826286,0.0001333839,0.0002343253,0.00007533824,0.00007978762,0.00002714775,0.0002691185,0.00006464337,0.04413348],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000879327,0.0001127771,0.00008704005,0.000128788,0.0002086231,0.0003435283,0.00001490078,0.00006181846,0.0008809929],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001918897,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002342438,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001137309,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001063426,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988471,0.00005438365,0.0003929687,0.0001765743,0.0002641387,0.0002648313],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992736,0.00019291,0.00009501245,0.0002549602,0.00008354976,0.00009994682],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002547533,0.0001305005,0.0001236937,0.00004316079,0.00002489073,0.000005175055,0.001042008,0.0003075648,0.9852068,0.006943728,0.00142289,0.004724049],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005200909,0.0002906883,0.0006400332,0.00004923834,0.0001184739,0.00006995974,0.001366896,0.163457,0.8257655,0.0005122896,0.00188323,0.0006458043],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9028072,0.00004526219,0.01441074,0.0006957242,0.000276401,0.0004182592,0.0000622627,0.0002271327,0.08105704],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9957842,0.000005718212,0.002128489,0.0005498722,0.00003245696,0.00001955789,0.00000247516,0.00001270036,0.001464498],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1631494,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998969,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2171067281","doi":"10.1177/1045389x04041530","title":"Pseudoelastic SMA Spring Elements for Passive Vibration Isolation: Part II – Simulations and Experimental Correlations","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures","topic":"Shape Memory Alloy Transformations","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":45,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Bell Helicopter Textron (Canada)","funders":"Air Force Office of Scientific Research; Air Force Research Laboratory; U.S. Air Force","keywords":"SMA*; Shape-memory alloy; Damper; Parametric statistics; Vibration isolation; Transmissibility (structural dynamics); Structural engineering; Vibration; Nonlinear system; Pseudoelasticity; Reduction (mathematics); Control theory (sociology); Engineering; Acoustics; Computer science; Materials science; Physics; Mathematics; Martensite","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01899366656546074,"gpt":0.2699498032398019,"spread":0.2509561366743412,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001690775,0.0001355324,0.0002166848,0.0001064616,0.0004449273,0.0002575596,0.00007570333,0.00006575179,0.0001313708],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005071318,0.0001090305,0.00004326068,0.00004771025,0.00005076769,0.0005126253,0.00002541316,0.00005388694,0.000001455376],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007242925,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004538587,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000284928,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001223368,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987529,0.00003968094,0.0007401307,0.0001248302,0.0001989061,0.0001435876],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992045,0.0000608175,0.0004144524,0.00007459072,0.0001570856,0.00008851349],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002502786,0.00006342978,0.0004379619,0.0001098915,0.00006341481,0.000003067558,0.002919518,0.1255045,0.846325,0.02410518,0.00006332801,0.0001543827],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003370677,0.001734199,0.005386936,0.000529381,0.0002428689,0.0005257978,0.00361899,0.01460467,0.9584545,0.007856268,0.003046884,0.0006287927],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9428047,0.0001688988,0.05384061,0.00008675666,0.002585927,0.0003901514,0.00009459526,0.00001356603,0.00001479216],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9963877,0.00001222143,0.003024912,0.00001909644,0.0005065324,0.00001306896,0.00001240301,0.00001145808,0.00001255986],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1121295,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4446136,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2139867082","doi":"10.1088/0964-1726/17/4/045005","title":"Finite element analysis of a shape memory alloy three-dimensional beam based on a finite strain description","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Smart Materials and Structures","topic":"Shape Memory Alloy Transformations","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":44,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"École de Technologie Supérieure","funders":"","keywords":"Shape-memory alloy; Pseudoelasticity; SMA*; Finite element method; Structural engineering; Bending; Curvature; Materials science; Beam (structure); Constitutive equation; Displacement (psychology); Transformation (genetics); Martensite; Geometry; Engineering; Computer science; Mathematics; Composite material; Algorithm; Microstructure","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02512132359709881,"gpt":0.2381131338122759,"spread":0.2129918102151771,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004741075,0.0002516465,0.0005047309,0.0003642594,0.0002707574,0.00007559925,0.0001727368,0.0001025583,0.005268855],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007733803,0.0002058975,0.0001163507,0.000289531,0.0001948806,0.0001939306,0.00003849958,0.00006490368,0.00001450541],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002594948,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007110518,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001363001,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001753686,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981496,0.0001310605,0.0006014551,0.0003587277,0.0004678131,0.0002913968],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990976,0.0001905486,0.000210448,0.0003095115,0.0000946419,0.00009725495],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002647139,0.00005865646,0.0008628505,0.00005911539,0.000114194,0.00001076765,0.0003602858,0.08565301,0.9121425,0.0002360963,0.0001105291,0.0001273515],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001650901,0.0004739823,0.2867816,0.00007095712,0.0007041317,0.00001439202,0.00007702335,0.09422199,0.6143118,0.0009127149,0.000192296,0.0005882421],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.996926,0.0000288991,0.0006930658,0.00008931591,0.0003873218,0.0002939135,0.001425568,0.00005662586,0.0000993524],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9969575,0.000007398369,0.002195464,0.0003935013,0.00006000707,0.00003162266,0.0003138466,0.00001666066,0.00002402147],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2978306,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9956405,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2090187445","doi":"10.1016/j.commatsci.2012.05.060","title":"Dynamic thermo-mechanical coupling and size effects in finite shape memory alloy nanostructures","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Computational Materials Science","topic":"Shape Memory Alloy Transformations","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":44,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Wilfrid Laurier University; University of New Brunswick; University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Shape-memory alloy; Materials science; Nanowire; Isothermal process; Finite element method; SMA*; Nanostructure; Coupling (piping); Martensite; Thermal; Mechanics; Alloy; Phase transition; Condensed matter physics; Composite material; Thermodynamics; Nanotechnology; Microstructure; Physics; Mathematics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0102806668535496,"gpt":0.2603157219922524,"spread":0.2500350551387028,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001657133,0.0002008273,0.0002526694,0.000129386,0.0003441264,0.0002664316,0.0004304258,0.00006950752,0.0005817866],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000624364,0.0001800555,0.00002348947,0.0003735309,0.0005127596,0.001166342,0.0001704513,0.00008408317,0.000135161],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009587782,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001446309,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001320483,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004281007,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979783,0.00008897899,0.0004181882,0.000386804,0.000566507,0.0005612376],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984049,0.001026608,0.0001199904,0.0001748772,0.00009398384,0.0001796923],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002257222,0.00003669096,0.0001704719,0.0000546102,0.000001530395,0.00000307198,0.0005118736,0.01897493,0.9772006,0.002843286,0.000003178553,0.0001771333],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009816211,0.00008050643,0.2613514,0.0001420619,0.0000178142,0.00009126301,0.0001465924,0.1777359,0.5507591,0.008158495,0.00001179895,0.0005234816],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9965335,0.0001042874,0.001264866,0.0001296885,0.001413869,0.0003629428,0.00003158687,0.00009057192,0.00006865621],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9852335,0.000004633107,0.01433958,0.0002903184,0.00006060385,0.00003786619,0.000008856763,0.00001643399,0.000008206647],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4264416,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7342451,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1982309666","doi":"10.1080/10402004.2010.510620","title":"The Role of Reversible Martensitic Transformation in the Wear Process of TiNi Shape Memory Alloy","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Tribology Transactions","topic":"Shape Memory Alloy Transformations","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":42,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Materials science; Shape-memory alloy; Pseudoelasticity; Alloy; Metallurgy; Diffusionless transformation; Martensite; Tribology; Wear resistance; Microstructure","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008631814983846926,"gpt":0.2473121101909739,"spread":0.2386802952071269,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001156467,0.0001205508,0.0002133332,0.0001277807,0.0002872319,0.00001664755,0.0004712173,0.0001325907,0.0006858254],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004386564,0.00008087171,0.0001004436,0.000419281,0.0004469935,0.0003790798,0.000002294918,0.0003757884,0.00004306413],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001055547,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001208362,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006582641,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001072124,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985904,0.0001953859,0.0005537126,0.0001442365,0.000248505,0.0002677402],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988658,0.0005089547,0.0001294239,0.0003264394,0.0001353101,0.00003400317],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001343629,0.0002409881,0.00009035414,0.00007075516,0.0000197083,0.000001150805,0.01745651,0.001247294,0.9735824,0.003494018,0.00001379331,0.003648593],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001426327,0.0001918271,0.006665097,0.00003247706,0.0001675463,0.000138881,0.02218498,0.006923563,0.9576443,0.002863365,0.001542304,0.0002193471],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9919081,0.00004712903,0.001916992,0.001732576,0.0003118792,0.0005025795,0.00005894635,0.00003676828,0.003485019],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999527,0.00003203912,0.0002137448,0.00007285737,0.00001850162,0.00008568199,0.000007619592,0.000009496337,0.00003301654],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01593818,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7509307,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2030470455","doi":"10.1063/1.3602088","title":"Magnetocaloric effect in Ni-Mn-Ga thin films under concurrent magnetostructural and Curie transitions","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Physics","topic":"Shape Memory Alloy Transformations","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":42,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Brockhouse Institute for Materials Research; McMaster University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Magnetic refrigeration; Curie temperature; Materials science; Austenite; Condensed matter physics; Ferromagnetism; Paramagnetism; Phase transition; Magnetic field; Martensite; Thermodynamics; Magnetization; Metallurgy; Microstructure; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01902299777783335,"gpt":0.2356873224687016,"spread":0.2166643246908682,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003020679,0.0001660302,0.0002935691,0.00007589335,0.00008111609,0.00004469483,0.0001840055,0.0000581323,0.0003825686],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000005245934,0.00013471,0.00006844548,0.0001928391,0.0001271288,0.0003840458,0.00001705087,0.0002928812,0.00003047379],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003535836,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006016618,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000007380562,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008397126,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988866,0.00005201922,0.0004491774,0.000128594,0.0002621125,0.0002215045],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999453,0.00007948443,0.0001922925,0.000116639,0.00005354287,0.0001050476],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007180788,0.000420462,0.000329285,0.0002990705,0.00006751486,0.00005134804,0.0202513,0.009607516,0.9203438,0.03712689,0.001258381,0.00952638],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.009464641,0.002006681,0.03618211,0.0002449573,0.0005032484,0.0002769379,0.00265351,0.007162862,0.8399329,0.1001238,0.0002785984,0.001169701],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9943048,0.00007480658,0.002284527,0.00003596802,0.0004758476,0.0002383202,0.00002852459,0.00001829275,0.002538887],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9979751,0.0000147807,0.001735417,0.000120825,0.0001134989,0.00001185639,0.00000537779,0.00001428953,0.000008842818],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.08041087,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5493315,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2050037900","doi":"10.1016/s0020-7403(02)00169-8","title":"Modelling and simulation of the superelastic behaviour of shape memory alloys using the element-free Galerkin method","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Mechanical Sciences","topic":"Shape Memory Alloy Transformations","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":41,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Shape-memory alloy; SMA*; Moving least squares; Constitutive equation; Tangent; Galerkin method; Meshfree methods; Finite element method; Interpolation (computer graphics); Mathematical analysis; Pseudoelasticity; Materials science; Structural engineering; Applied mathematics; Mathematics; Geometry; Classical mechanics; Algorithm; Engineering; Physics; Composite material","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.08952798417349538,"gpt":0.3373145390313692,"spread":0.2477865548578738,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00212134,0.00007870132,0.0001506131,0.00009300031,0.0001444348,0.00005825522,0.001248229,0.00003624392,0.0005418144],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000355206,0.00004327019,0.0001012817,0.0001773238,0.0002316783,0.0004498007,0.0001420264,0.0001235655,9.945362e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003490506,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004880133,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000387264,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001146769,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9977866,0.0001957172,0.0006446571,0.0001110141,0.001140633,0.0001213698],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983944,0.0005957406,0.0004964695,0.0001223756,0.0003500019,0.00004097269],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001539183,0.00005689702,0.000222407,0.00000432091,0.00001558713,0.000001008504,0.0004538727,0.8646156,0.1325149,0.001480119,0.000006913631,0.000613029],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002932973,0.00007531552,0.000179863,0.00008045704,0.00004677966,0.00005631098,0.0003378761,0.9295933,0.06628296,0.002995578,0.00001061415,0.00004768],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8188448,0.00008368342,0.1795601,0.0008127464,0.0005336999,0.00007924838,0.00001154749,0.000002953051,0.00007122249],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9770184,0.00002002251,0.02281824,0.00006147924,0.00007055269,7.592334e-7,9.863333e-8,0.00000368318,0.000006733854],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1581737,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5932488,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2158906330","doi":"10.1088/0964-1726/16/6/012","title":"Modeling of the cyclic thermomechanical response of SMA wires at different strain rates","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Smart Materials and Structures","topic":"Shape Memory Alloy Transformations","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":40,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"SMA*; Materials science; Composite material; Strain (injury); Structural engineering; Engineering; Mathematics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01834682458288541,"gpt":0.2598149879379715,"spread":0.2414681633550861,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008331028,0.0001506911,0.0002929914,0.00005054794,0.0001462769,0.0000337617,0.0002313098,0.00008473394,0.0005308678],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009780969,0.00008724592,0.00005475055,0.00005819317,0.0001691509,0.0000737404,0.0001093515,0.00004289844,0.000001644045],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001795572,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001694608,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006890918,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001246737,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998626,0.0002352571,0.000518165,0.0001693247,0.0002333224,0.000217964],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993342,0.0001742539,0.0001360569,0.0002626054,0.00004402294,0.00004888291],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007434803,0.00001202339,0.0002802823,0.00006230213,0.000009101165,6.751234e-7,0.0006738955,0.0001466311,0.996283,0.001711596,0.000004594218,0.0000724094],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002714212,0.00005116949,0.07820147,0.0000320957,0.0000189309,0.00001120849,0.0001318381,0.0001615771,0.9171467,0.003879458,0.000005837774,0.00008828011],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.998556,0.00005683653,0.000280254,0.00009071791,0.0004875397,0.00021914,0.0002550718,0.00002007295,0.00003438382],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996675,0.000009017296,0.0002060919,0.00003676753,0.00004004944,0.000004347198,0.000005127998,0.00001230639,0.00001883838],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0791363,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.581263,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}