{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":709,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":1,"predictions_cover":709,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12","author_layer_release":"2026-06-26"},"query_hash":"16344bcdc840","filters":{"topic":"Tourism, Volunteerism, and Development"}},"results":[{"id":"W2942413995","doi":"10.1080/09669582.2019.1601732","title":"Degrowing tourism: rethinking tourism","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Sustainable Tourism","topic":"Tourism, Volunteerism, and Development","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":509,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Degrowth; Tourism; Thriving; Green growth; Equity (law); Capitalism; Sustainable growth rate; Ecotourism; Sustainable tourism; Alternative tourism; Economic system; Economics; Political science; Sustainable development; Sustainability; Political economy; Sociology; Politics; Social science; Law; Ecology","authors":[{"name":"Freya Higgins‐Desbiolles","is_ca":false},{"name":"Sandro Carnicelli","is_ca":false},{"name":"Chris Krolikowski","is_ca":false},{"name":"Gayathri Wijesinghe","is_ca":false},{"name":"Karla Boluk","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01277583521869459,"gpt":0.2640407440282213,"spread":0.2512649088095267,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00387405,0.0004048018,0.0003350929,0.001296471,0.005248915,0.01295635,0.001502163,0.002505725,0.002742038],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002693064,0.0002103238,0.0004608598,0.001100137,0.03709819,0.0143542,0.008711438,0.005163311,0.0003366381],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00494111,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.004688638,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.008661021,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0233899,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982762,0.001004266,0.00004523591,0.0001574453,0.000200196,0.0003166463],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984853,0.0006719988,0.00009001396,0.0002296753,0.000204911,0.0003180963],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003879816,0.00003290877,0.001677576,0.0002259043,0.000007430161,0.000355454,0.1021525,0.0006012272,0.0006092231,0.8281411,0.008339154,0.05781876],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000007781025,0.0000818087,0.002062991,0.0007215934,0.00001282884,0.0003211445,0.1636766,0.001152081,0.0004890165,0.3238423,0.5075958,0.00003613177],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.327549,0.0326194,0.03546914,0.2285904,0.005681908,0.0001123395,0.00006796537,0.0002916284,0.3696183],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9606192,0.009645559,0.00545311,0.007909358,0.0008258841,0.00003325936,0.00002579329,0.0001203641,0.0153674],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01295635,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03585041,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1986147534","doi":"10.1002/jtr.727","title":"The possible negative impacts of volunteer tourism","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Tourism Research","topic":"Tourism, Volunteerism, and Development","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":437,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Tourism; Neglect; Poverty; Work (physics); Public relations; Alternative tourism; Profiling (computer programming); Marketing; Tourism geography; Sociology; Psychology; Business; Political science; Economic growth; Economics; Law; Engineering","authors":[{"name":"Daniel Guttentag","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04257991071724613,"gpt":0.4053359322477799,"spread":0.3627560215305337,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004545035,0.000207185,0.0002679387,0.0005911852,0.002106457,0.001689145,0.0004630324,0.0009495188,0.009529478],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01631902,0.0001074522,0.0002533201,0.0004997394,0.002002081,0.0008135565,0.002201579,0.0007536117,0.0006238819],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006619696,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0010004,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001997225,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003804939,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9968011,0.002348088,0.00007076551,0.00008533769,0.0003440992,0.0003504503],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9899099,0.003902457,0.001589819,0.0004632404,0.002240081,0.001894511],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001502282,0.0008129195,0.5889555,0.001248791,0.0001650247,0.007867891,0.03936933,0.002001521,0.002144052,0.02889899,0.06967422,0.2573596],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001485173,0.002374448,0.5428681,0.001461816,0.000181997,0.007926006,0.2179275,0.003415695,0.002239196,0.05331843,0.1680028,0.000135441],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9004911,0.002748677,0.0009836586,0.03055143,0.0005181142,0.00005669405,0.0002335435,0.00003446268,0.06438235],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9963613,0.0007760205,0.0001534732,0.0005565551,0.00008892966,0.00001803316,0.00003988035,0.000003393498,0.002002359],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.009529478,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03187925,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2947132638","doi":"10.1080/09669582.2019.1619748","title":"A critical framework for interrogating the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals 2030 Agenda in tourism","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Sustainable Tourism","topic":"Tourism, Volunteerism, and Development","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":395,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Tourism; Sustainable development; Sustainable tourism; Sustainability; Scholarship; Corporate governance; Context (archaeology); Political science; Sociology; Environmental ethics; Poverty; Tourism geography; Economic growth; Economics; Management","authors":[{"name":"Karla Boluk","is_ca":true},{"name":"Christina T. Cavaliere","is_ca":false},{"name":"Freya Higgins‐Desbiolles","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02192018666176557,"gpt":0.3278649965446522,"spread":0.3059448098828866,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.02940978,0.001044132,0.0005717,0.005638643,0.01494575,0.01775355,0.002609669,0.008807657,0.002879798],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01362954,0.0003291474,0.0008049472,0.004745328,0.08912459,0.01417945,0.01041974,0.009603232,0.0003454101],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.01912635,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.02799988,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01064194,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01188267,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9814387,0.01510999,0.0005110216,0.0006802263,0.001258214,0.001001902],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9831308,0.01175621,0.001065465,0.0005364569,0.001726031,0.001785137],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007413963,0.00001496832,0.0001659407,0.00011246,0.00000191758,0.0001008641,0.05947071,0.0001964102,0.00006436159,0.9289132,0.007331179,0.003620552],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000009770965,0.00003003001,0.0002601934,0.001443966,0.000005269362,0.00009647221,0.1491501,0.0004301372,0.0001101747,0.6258374,0.2225998,0.00002659065],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.03353738,0.02440806,0.04637783,0.6742764,0.00896582,0.0008685223,0.0001791041,0.00009075258,0.211296],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8572555,0.01585721,0.05553349,0.04932898,0.003207909,0.001949721,0.0001685285,0.0001123754,0.01658616],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.02940978,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1555356,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2003504988","doi":"10.1016/s0160-7383(03)00045-8","title":"The context of third world tourism marketing","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Annals of Tourism Research","topic":"Tourism, Volunteerism, and Development","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":296,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Mythology; Humanities; Context (archaeology); Tourism; Ethnology; Sociology; Political science; Geography; Art; Law; Archaeology; Literature","authors":[{"name":"Charlotte M. Echtner","is_ca":true},{"name":"Pushkala Prasad","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1210841455436429,"gpt":0.4145014523195806,"spread":0.2934173067759377,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002091741,0.0002124996,0.0003531927,0.001570405,0.01137949,0.01899654,0.0007510032,0.003091465,0.01306285],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003626343,0.0001694402,0.0002626066,0.002983881,0.01482193,0.004796705,0.004894109,0.004942275,0.000379215],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.01187834,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.007598714,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.03769563,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0856993,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981504,0.001017183,0.00002146797,0.00007221978,0.0001271481,0.0006115566],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9949982,0.002127327,0.0004706095,0.0001387247,0.0002932228,0.001971839],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007407626,0.0001816338,0.00981315,0.0000871579,0.0000125761,0.002061252,0.1150085,0.0002595657,0.0002345994,0.8371174,0.02321797,0.01193218],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002362824,0.00005362509,0.03578097,0.0005215352,0.00001423323,0.0008091331,0.4730034,0.0006721806,0.0002471763,0.1031595,0.3856695,0.00004515013],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3057101,0.00482266,0.0009233677,0.09662597,0.0006589396,0.00006183934,0.000146561,0.00003202891,0.5910186],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9895849,0.0007344364,0.0000945117,0.002074404,0.0002654754,0.00001972777,0.00001701575,0.00001954962,0.007190085],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.03769563,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.08618379,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2130703180","doi":"10.1007/s00267-005-0188-0","title":"What Makes Them Pay? Values of Volunteer Tourists Working for Sea Turtle Conservation","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Management","topic":"Tourism, Volunteerism, and Development","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":193,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Smiths Detection (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Context (archaeology); Tourism; Nature Conservation; Charisma; Corporation; Volunteer; Turtle (robot); Public relations; Geography; Ecology; Business; Political science; Biology; Archaeology; Finance","authors":[{"name":"Lisa M. Campbell","is_ca":false},{"name":"Christy D. Smith","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01650595523820933,"gpt":0.2389335332457342,"spread":0.2224275780075249,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003595924,0.0002181767,0.0002703348,0.0005538709,0.003476522,0.004465206,0.000459066,0.001680197,0.00395636],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01664363,0.0001742854,0.0002183826,0.0006090004,0.002639189,0.001727263,0.001536482,0.002287108,0.0005319734],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002117062,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00273123,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.007283048,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01995326,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9967784,0.001831486,0.00005830792,0.00007791843,0.0003392248,0.0009145866],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9829544,0.002873904,0.002416597,0.0003464116,0.001819442,0.00958925],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0009332902,0.0005772536,0.5077845,0.0002150192,0.0002950714,0.002167749,0.2129721,0.0004532312,0.001674565,0.01766717,0.07414319,0.1811169],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004772858,0.0002517859,0.2454344,0.0002902159,0.00007089401,0.001029008,0.6992097,0.0005755407,0.0002834378,0.006849912,0.04586717,0.00009021285],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9407408,0.0006638949,0.0002183486,0.028629,0.0003091891,0.00001688245,0.00006667314,0.000008472464,0.02934672],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9972892,0.0001517391,0.00006073511,0.001036359,0.00005674681,0.000007106314,0.00001658913,0.000004737158,0.001376965],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.007283048,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01901728,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2139001133","doi":"10.1017/s0144686x05003661","title":"‘Payback time’: community volunteering among older adults as a transformative mechanism","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ageing and Society","topic":"Tourism, Volunteerism, and Development","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":165,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Transformative learning; Generativity; Sociology; Citizenship; Public relations; Qualitative research; Psychology; Social psychology; Political science; Social science; Pedagogy","authors":[{"name":"Miya Narushima","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008575176143163487,"gpt":0.2454646402473314,"spread":0.2368894641041679,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002685255,0.0002728889,0.0002723306,0.000694453,0.006882653,0.002660333,0.0008657051,0.0007652292,0.001839028],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004720685,0.0001735955,0.0001812227,0.0007254715,0.007345079,0.00171645,0.00403266,0.0009941715,0.00009299666],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.005706646,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.006237741,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0811669,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.2128136,"domain_scores_codex":[0.997403,0.001523415,0.0000632554,0.0001213484,0.0002640825,0.0006249268],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9960282,0.001573735,0.000554226,0.0001798203,0.0003454488,0.001318619],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003285166,0.00001717584,0.004990079,0.00006047747,0.000002007893,0.0007683035,0.984796,0.00002022369,0.0004597639,0.001743905,0.0008624559,0.006246653],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003558987,0.00003733625,0.005180486,0.00006034768,0.000003531008,0.0002370084,0.9817019,0.00004702038,0.00009360175,0.0002500843,0.01237773,0.000007574887],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9909071,0.0003331809,0.0007123139,0.00166057,0.00003667821,0.000066758,0.0000322038,0.00001333471,0.006237809],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9979315,0.0001301252,0.0002168108,0.0001143001,0.00001000695,0.00002439912,0.00001300274,0.000003534254,0.001556421],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0811669,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1613889,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2042125580","doi":"10.1016/j.annals.2013.09.005","title":"Ecotourism, gender and development in northern Vietnam","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Annals of Tourism Research","topic":"Tourism, Volunteerism, and Development","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":164,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Ecotourism; Livelihood; Empowerment; Economic growth; Community development; Sustainable development; Perspective (graphical); Tourism; Sociology; Socioeconomics; Gender studies; Political science; Geography; Agriculture","authors":[{"name":"Linh Thuy Tran","is_ca":true},{"name":"Pierre Walter","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1496218971953545,"gpt":0.4032576390586544,"spread":0.2536357418632999,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004275858,0.0001095534,0.0001520439,0.0004271747,0.002906187,0.001293159,0.0001912328,0.0002356001,0.00366952],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005194633,0.00009786731,0.00007678655,0.0009934495,0.001559553,0.0006825331,0.0007412537,0.0004915731,0.00009339639],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002743996,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.004546129,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.1910448,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.374685,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997787,0.00007774025,0.000005188818,0.00001586191,0.00001534888,0.0001071059],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993886,0.0001184756,0.00008378824,0.000007881027,0.00004326479,0.0003580562],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001804709,0.0003676007,0.6444716,0.0001581233,0.00002439826,0.002242146,0.2951121,0.0001955063,0.0005321085,0.02041582,0.003602822,0.03269726],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001096494,0.0001037939,0.501431,0.000107442,0.000007556077,0.0002977399,0.4799064,0.0001412245,0.00006860752,0.001215202,0.01669969,0.00001035148],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9906634,0.0006760361,0.0000167553,0.0008591532,0.00001703585,0.000004938632,0.00003481623,6.181889e-7,0.007727115],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9974758,0.0003038573,0.00001038253,0.00004742889,0.00000435196,0.000004600854,0.00001042062,6.777915e-7,0.002142389],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1910448,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3798655,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2139155865","doi":"10.1080/02508281.2007.11081530","title":"Volunteer Tourism: Evidence of Cathartic Tourist Experiences","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Tourism Recreation Research","topic":"Tourism, Volunteerism, and Development","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":145,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Tourism; Section (typography); Sociology; Advertising; Marketing; Library science; Management; Media studies; Business; History; Archaeology; Computer science; Economics","authors":[{"name":"Anne Zahra","is_ca":false},{"name":"Alison McIntosh","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1029635462429232,"gpt":0.4255055109203515,"spread":0.3225419646774283,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002293925,0.0001591325,0.0002493687,0.001089693,0.002128549,0.002289883,0.0005230187,0.0004580821,0.007260506],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01501303,0.0002118062,0.0001540981,0.001214485,0.001798314,0.001078166,0.003123246,0.0006157688,0.0004581281],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006842594,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001137896,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01144931,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0313836,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982388,0.001133986,0.00006830846,0.00008598324,0.0002209449,0.0002519254],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9881583,0.003499304,0.003590786,0.000615397,0.001272188,0.002864024],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005403022,0.0003852317,0.7154154,0.0007100407,0.0001964905,0.001383291,0.2115817,0.00006960231,0.0003035808,0.002439298,0.01232373,0.05465135],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001574141,0.0001793565,0.6104616,0.0004125756,0.00003041044,0.0008643594,0.3712259,0.0000757684,0.00006745075,0.0005332017,0.01610979,0.00002390269],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.984561,0.001006038,0.00007495166,0.001071774,0.00004688607,0.00001655452,0.0001254812,0.000003162769,0.01309427],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.997651,0.000830057,0.00004193596,0.0001146202,0.00002398059,0.00001768623,0.00008265549,0.000003868238,0.001234185],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01144931,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02428877,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2584453813","doi":"10.5751/es-07329-200319","title":"Individual- and community-level impacts of volunteer environmental monitoring: a synthesis of peer-reviewed literature","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecology and Society","topic":"Tourism, Volunteerism, and Development","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":124,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Peer review; Environmental resource management; Environmental monitoring; Environmental planning; Psychology; Geography; Political science; Environmental science","authors":[{"name":"Kristine F. Stepenuck","is_ca":false},{"name":"Linda T. Green","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03754989524247836,"gpt":0.2915935960979626,"spread":0.2540437008554842,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.05702135,0.001152357,0.002786923,0.03315723,0.001829628,0.005967319,0.002669817,0.002418035,0.005233102],"category_scores_gemma":[0.2013698,0.0009081959,0.002129835,0.02779628,0.002876286,0.00707035,0.00382361,0.001972563,0.0008214172],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.005047638,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.02047267,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.007147356,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02131411,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9686642,0.01122583,0.005480943,0.001921619,0.0121565,0.0005508825],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.634741,0.2798993,0.0230375,0.004740923,0.0552688,0.002312481],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":"evaluation","domain_candidate":"evaluation","domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"systematic_review","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002641839,0.0001513951,0.008519287,0.2694556,0.002749408,0.0005775557,0.01316017,0.000455606,0.0004914113,0.00215644,0.02407206,0.6779469],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001077965,0.0003867079,0.06865598,0.6364045,0.01116686,0.001212934,0.02376148,0.0006300338,0.0008459939,0.006719982,0.249866,0.0002417959],"study_design_candidate":"systematic_review","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.01070496,0.972293,0.001368225,0.007190396,0.001700184,0.0003551534,0.001027114,0.0000431194,0.005317832],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.08510146,0.906716,0.003720581,0.001873869,0.00109967,0.0003207048,0.0006738362,0.00005175157,0.0004421634],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9429786,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3015613,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2168305916","doi":"10.1080/01436590802528564","title":"Development Made Sexy: how it happened and what it means","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Third World Quarterly","topic":"Tourism, Volunteerism, and Development","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":109,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"","keywords":"Agency (philosophy); Representation (politics); Power (physics); Scarcity; Global South; Political science; Work (physics); Social change; Sociology; Gender studies; Economic growth; Politics; Geography; Social science; Economic geography; Law; Economics; Engineering","authors":[{"name":"John Cameron","is_ca":true},{"name":"Anna Haanstra","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02684026028585977,"gpt":0.2617258198365283,"spread":0.2348855595506685,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004768657,0.0002558744,0.0003242785,0.001203532,0.006871349,0.009203515,0.0006651116,0.001807897,0.005711182],"category_scores_gemma":[0.007684,0.0002324134,0.00031183,0.001479648,0.02188789,0.007755827,0.005704674,0.004670211,0.0004031004],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.005682595,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.004249953,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01075033,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01481341,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9954402,0.00292531,0.00008524362,0.0002665626,0.0004572225,0.0008254924],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9969695,0.001318461,0.0004125483,0.0001523828,0.0004487661,0.0006984007],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000920397,0.0001126801,0.02304169,0.0005374194,0.00003397901,0.001841221,0.6120284,0.0001390199,0.0003487413,0.2539196,0.03326124,0.07464401],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000007574786,0.00004965868,0.009011064,0.001421748,0.0000178543,0.0009962692,0.6749417,0.0001203833,0.0002963027,0.0359743,0.2771221,0.00004111749],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.466835,0.02812957,0.003242716,0.2972218,0.005555396,0.000061906,0.0002156388,0.00006358777,0.1986743],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9756351,0.009243272,0.0002694115,0.006352675,0.0005281292,0.00002512898,0.00003592599,0.00004671951,0.007863741],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01075033,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.04123038,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1971693520","doi":"10.1080/02508281.2003.11081414","title":"Volunteering on Nature Conservation Projects: Volunteer Experience, Attitudes and Values","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Tourism Recreation Research","topic":"Tourism, Volunteerism, and Development","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":108,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Recreation; Population; Perception; Public relations; Tourism; Nature Conservation; Value (mathematics); Environmental ethics; Sociology; Psychology; Political science; Ecology; Law","authors":[{"name":"Elizabeth Halpenny","is_ca":true},{"name":"Linda T. Caissie","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0646358011432663,"gpt":0.3946960931681178,"spread":0.3300602920248515,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003616257,0.0002134329,0.0002195061,0.0004899456,0.003766104,0.002159321,0.0003591224,0.0005345912,0.0009415976],"category_scores_gemma":[0.005804799,0.0001506294,0.0001553434,0.0005061315,0.003449202,0.001052641,0.00261804,0.001055678,0.0001200997],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009734519,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001980458,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01181003,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02743398,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981173,0.001158584,0.00004458708,0.00007873409,0.0002688973,0.0003318805],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9960386,0.001483226,0.0004509512,0.0001376087,0.0004417392,0.001447891],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005143704,0.00009425005,0.02902519,0.00006316525,0.000004921034,0.0006422617,0.9532306,0.00004713912,0.0008044466,0.0007897047,0.001695452,0.01355151],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004119509,0.0001307643,0.01549265,0.00006697866,0.000003443052,0.0004845408,0.9655734,0.0000883895,0.0001447629,0.0002091436,0.01778527,0.00001660631],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.995299,0.0001473569,0.0002907753,0.0004966207,0.000025811,0.00001906505,0.00001186178,0.000005663429,0.003703779],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9971139,0.0002766321,0.0002210534,0.0001404392,0.00001634195,0.00002381746,0.00002257348,0.000004838957,0.002180377],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01181003,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02348256,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2166690574","doi":"10.1186/1744-8603-7-6","title":"Fly-By medical care: Conceptualizing the global and local social responsibilities of medical tourists and physician voluntourists","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Globalization and Health","topic":"Tourism, Volunteerism, and Development","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":105,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; Simon Fraser University","funders":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","keywords":"Medical tourism; Social responsibility; Public relations; Health care; Moral responsibility; Tourism; Corporate social responsibility; Social policy; Public health; Medicine; Nursing; Political science; Law","authors":[{"name":"Jeremy Snyder","is_ca":true},{"name":"Shafik Dharamsi","is_ca":true},{"name":"Valorie A. Crooks","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03341559330905901,"gpt":0.3467774580208449,"spread":0.3133618647117859,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.009171287,0.0006430461,0.0002884964,0.002272175,0.01033517,0.006564383,0.002068542,0.00388721,0.00231955],"category_scores_gemma":[0.007139381,0.0003630539,0.0006675546,0.0009317198,0.04495813,0.00837294,0.01146503,0.004718736,0.0002725621],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.01243474,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.01413017,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02363967,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02916095,"domain_scores_codex":[0.987883,0.009268422,0.0002333254,0.0003806302,0.000667042,0.001567564],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9902946,0.003260852,0.001356131,0.0002644711,0.0007040763,0.004119894],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002787541,0.000105956,0.01929859,0.0001265624,0.00001338267,0.001222568,0.8343822,0.0002824476,0.000210525,0.1343536,0.002637847,0.007338419],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001753657,0.00009941625,0.01644494,0.0005509098,0.00001381615,0.001017281,0.9018127,0.0009548626,0.00007050805,0.03025955,0.04871124,0.00004725635],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7283528,0.006997743,0.01104459,0.09081934,0.0008732729,0.0002583877,0.00004343738,0.00004760491,0.1615628],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9925661,0.0007941534,0.00152223,0.002926125,0.00009163674,0.00007562141,0.00001791065,0.00001219729,0.001994082],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02363967,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.09022075,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2011883608","doi":"10.1080/09669582.2014.902065","title":"Motivation-based transformative learning and potential volunteer tourists: facilitating more sustainable outcomes","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Sustainable Tourism","topic":"Tourism, Volunteerism, and Development","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":105,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Transformative learning; Tourism; Hospitality; Psychology; Volunteer; Public relations; Altruism (biology); Popularity; Marketing; Sociology; Social psychology; Pedagogy; Political science; Business","authors":[{"name":"Whitney Knollenberg","is_ca":false},{"name":"Nancy Gard McGehee","is_ca":false},{"name":"B. Bynum Boley","is_ca":false},{"name":"David Clemmons","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.006823728732070787,"gpt":0.257904920513439,"spread":0.2510811917813682,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002466259,0.0001624903,0.0001270492,0.0003590521,0.001249342,0.001914704,0.0003902099,0.0004149315,0.003813288],"category_scores_gemma":[0.005543057,0.00007599848,0.0002442815,0.0002390993,0.001144278,0.0008305364,0.002459978,0.0007190843,0.0003236311],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007336347,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001737325,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006013571,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002231832,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985988,0.0009286341,0.00002701311,0.0000643946,0.000141881,0.000239302],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9964522,0.001190537,0.0006120686,0.0001687585,0.0002778072,0.001298604],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006275311,0.004483653,0.2119713,0.001066113,0.00009297471,0.001340486,0.1033105,0.001923282,0.00618904,0.03426755,0.0156817,0.6190458],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002292472,0.002452592,0.5675701,0.0008945907,0.00009511792,0.001552509,0.2098758,0.009870439,0.005439415,0.05148744,0.1503418,0.0001910435],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.966868,0.0001720629,0.004702033,0.002208164,0.00004283149,0.0001390356,0.0000302001,0.00005983853,0.02577781],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9968866,0.00007146637,0.001596831,0.0000890752,0.00001154276,0.00005660431,0.0000155261,0.000005758747,0.001266547],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.003813288,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01304299,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2428115222","doi":"10.1080/09669582.2016.1189925","title":"Indigenous tourism research, past and present: where to from here?","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Sustainable Tourism","topic":"Tourism, Volunteerism, and Development","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":101,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Innovation Cluster (Canada)","funders":"Griffith University; Australian Government","keywords":"Indigenous; Tourism; Sustainability; Sustainable tourism; Ecotourism; Tourism geography; Political science; Phenomenon; Sociology; Public relations; Environmental ethics; Ecology","authors":[{"name":"Michelle Whitford","is_ca":false},{"name":"Lisa Ruhanen","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02036764407856722,"gpt":0.3071713385468818,"spread":0.2868036944683146,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.02090314,0.0003522502,0.00150409,0.004321482,0.008881792,0.02414645,0.001915368,0.005342711,0.005800002],"category_scores_gemma":[0.03499332,0.0004708199,0.0007352876,0.008960793,0.01990503,0.03839314,0.005762637,0.008323402,0.001775079],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.008238233,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.02438008,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02338026,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.05447738,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9919128,0.004482272,0.0006683452,0.0007167081,0.001335099,0.0008847198],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9720963,0.01501226,0.002051211,0.001942806,0.005424774,0.00347252],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001326497,0.0001634223,0.01701866,0.009632807,0.0001125159,0.001343457,0.2408744,0.0001207595,0.0008874958,0.09392589,0.1367103,0.4990777],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000008347403,0.00007092059,0.009220747,0.01539131,0.00006969905,0.001100505,0.4187653,0.00009097425,0.0002143639,0.0373462,0.5176306,0.00009101574],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.01709192,0.4082369,0.001433583,0.5415115,0.01413122,0.00002821433,0.0001391472,0.00005545935,0.01737216],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.2874307,0.5996895,0.005683374,0.07605913,0.0190323,0.0001397453,0.0002837714,0.0001411714,0.01154028],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.02414645,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1105477,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2215734218","doi":"","title":"The acquisition of media as cultural practice: Remote Indigenous youth and new digital technologies","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"ANU Open Research (Australian National University)","topic":"Tourism, Volunteerism, and Development","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":97,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"University of Toronto; Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies; Aarhus Universitet; University of Warwick; Fred Hollows Foundation; University of Oxford; University of Minnesota","keywords":"Indigenous; Digital media; Sociology; Media studies; Remote sensing; Computer science; Geography; World Wide Web; Biology; Ecology","authors":[{"name":"Inge Kral","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1260158557157612,"gpt":0.3669403854671022,"spread":0.240924529751341,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008230677,0.0002461108,0.0001986695,0.0007794403,0.004736021,0.00437088,0.000495836,0.0008991954,0.002314385],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006630506,0.0001388806,0.0001248537,0.001086701,0.009566322,0.003669897,0.002550782,0.001747847,0.0002640188],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.003144741,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002419956,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01950209,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.04356816,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999521,0.0002410285,0.00001167564,0.00004011812,0.000110215,0.00007591461],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997575,0.0001380318,0.00001582254,0.00001423485,0.00002698108,0.00004747979],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001119096,0.00003740884,0.0006192976,0.0002337589,0.00000240409,0.0007264786,0.6959403,0.00004577897,0.0004277481,0.2442803,0.004784091,0.05289132],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000005723988,0.00006470316,0.004435264,0.001030676,0.000009895524,0.001281965,0.3078253,0.0001615251,0.0005450327,0.0269564,0.6576649,0.00001863312],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.164101,0.05985503,0.00206583,0.008165482,0.0006536916,0.00006077268,0.00001945619,0.00005175793,0.765027],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8188001,0.03858764,0.001563105,0.001021299,0.0004142825,0.00007393404,0.0000176272,0.00005158677,0.1394704],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01950209,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03877717,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2155481706","doi":"10.1068/a37274","title":"Unpacking Corporeal Mobilities: The Global Voyages of Labour and Leisure","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environment and Planning A Economy and Space","topic":"Tourism, Volunteerism, and Development","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":95,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Mobilities; Phenomenon; Movement (music); Globalization; Unpacking; Sociology; Work (physics); Gender studies; Economic geography; Geography; Political science; Social science; Aesthetics; Epistemology; Law; Art; Engineering","authors":[{"name":"Nupur Gogia","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.009467605399571819,"gpt":0.2198546566481245,"spread":0.2103870512485526,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009829412,0.0003368886,0.0002186755,0.002084599,0.002710604,0.006842348,0.0004374203,0.0007849109,0.00328589],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001429982,0.0001251213,0.0002309652,0.002348562,0.03031217,0.007658616,0.005408262,0.001567407,0.0001661975],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001495989,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001057585,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002078689,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004212948,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992923,0.0004492393,0.00001764245,0.00007563682,0.00006424775,0.0001009873],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992518,0.0003950913,0.0000928433,0.0001321306,0.00003647639,0.00009175334],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002910406,0.000009865876,0.003867293,0.0001347994,0.00001286927,0.0002085828,0.09207372,0.0003779487,0.0004421836,0.8699821,0.0008923274,0.03196923],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000008036571,0.00006891297,0.01732996,0.0007606464,0.00002514725,0.0007706071,0.1691049,0.0006167494,0.0003761593,0.6424541,0.1684513,0.00003349763],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3779713,0.02568448,0.03022806,0.02293047,0.00057018,0.00004758393,0.000122757,0.00006643764,0.5423787],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9853917,0.005402063,0.002734934,0.0005236277,0.0002095625,0.00003096688,0.00003242585,0.00002389886,0.005650864],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.006842348,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01099241,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2159416948","doi":"10.1080/00220380902862952","title":"Towards a Working Definition and Application of Social Age in International Development Studies","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Journal of Development Studies","topic":"Tourism, Volunteerism, and Development","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":94,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"","keywords":"Embodied cognition; Sociology; Mainstreaming; Social change; Developmental psychology; Gender studies; Psychology; Epistemology; Political science","authors":[{"name":"Christina Clark‐Kazak","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.07252731711273976,"gpt":0.3492343696590577,"spread":0.2767070525463179,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.08997165,0.0008013708,0.001342771,0.01227133,0.006402665,0.01605219,0.002657532,0.003597796,0.003093022],"category_scores_gemma":[0.05085074,0.0006762188,0.000903932,0.007071331,0.04894081,0.02646592,0.01826158,0.006180135,0.0003723842],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.006146429,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.009953212,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002547282,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002801388,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9484643,0.0432265,0.003349959,0.001792307,0.002104987,0.001062],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9004585,0.06773943,0.007735263,0.007339374,0.01282659,0.003900848],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009142818,0.00004371852,0.003995673,0.0001538157,0.000007973679,0.00007632765,0.05308182,0.0001749118,0.0001226703,0.924647,0.0008374031,0.01684951],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001658434,0.00008345262,0.005869616,0.003047432,0.00003039624,0.0003502961,0.1549107,0.001246274,0.0003281116,0.7277217,0.106333,0.00006252948],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1539702,0.02451601,0.3571571,0.104814,0.004097885,0.001076421,0.0003332568,0.0002430278,0.3537921],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8699322,0.004968098,0.1187727,0.002180585,0.0006031285,0.001042397,0.0001323237,0.00007524528,0.002293328],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.08997165,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4758213,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2085446197","doi":"10.1080/09540250903289451","title":"Missionary girl power: saving the ‘Third World’ one girl at a time","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Gender and Education","topic":"Tourism, Volunteerism, and Development","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":89,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Girl; Feminism; Gender studies; Sociology; Paternalism; Colonialism; Power (physics); White (mutation); Representation (politics); Cultural studies; Psychology; Politics; Developmental psychology; Anthropology; Political science; Law","authors":[{"name":"Özlem Sensoy","is_ca":true},{"name":"Elizabeth Marshall","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01980442884776521,"gpt":0.2856481598108859,"spread":0.2658437309631206,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009743483,0.0002835685,0.0001545198,0.0002391513,0.007729047,0.002553646,0.0005322767,0.001192726,0.00573198],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001346298,0.0001238254,0.0001580626,0.0002368982,0.007796275,0.003163632,0.003864136,0.003309703,0.0009797781],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001052048,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001092098,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002428262,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.008417064,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994467,0.000323595,0.000005769216,0.00003254325,0.00006185002,0.0001295672],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994035,0.0001299501,0.00005724823,0.00004975919,0.00004072645,0.0003187257],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001182981,0.0001263372,0.003659319,0.0001315251,0.00001177407,0.002671207,0.6517525,0.00008600357,0.001669804,0.1630598,0.1221025,0.054611],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001000323,0.00007896161,0.001735,0.0001402215,0.000004997104,0.001196022,0.3423815,0.00006912988,0.0007805274,0.007139264,0.646453,0.00001129619],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4950836,0.007595445,0.0046788,0.1132535,0.004578753,0.00007320545,0.0000655896,0.0001534162,0.3745177],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8867721,0.002261612,0.0009235376,0.005440644,0.0003931761,0.00003669447,0.00003007282,0.0001314499,0.1040106],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.007729047,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01917535,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2530651936","doi":"10.1016/j.annals.2015.05.010","title":"Volunteer tourism: Popular humanitarianism in neoliberal times","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Annals of Tourism Research","topic":"Tourism, Volunteerism, and Development","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":89,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Tourism; Volunteer; Neoliberalism (international relations); Sociology; Political science; Social science; Law","authors":[{"name":"Maggie C. Miller","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.195666092791455,"gpt":0.4298399148586741,"spread":0.2341738220672191,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002794734,0.0002257168,0.0002239265,0.0009569196,0.006806474,0.00993208,0.0005616516,0.002533989,0.008123878],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003370418,0.0001107473,0.0001636422,0.00195224,0.01632054,0.004660223,0.004718739,0.002854105,0.0003169439],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.003479255,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.003926429,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005771331,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01546788,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986889,0.0007640343,0.00002542658,0.00007018241,0.0001080305,0.0003434664],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9974676,0.0009007063,0.0002769779,0.0001962461,0.0002167929,0.0009416829],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001435984,0.0001025878,0.00439717,0.0001730963,0.000008152449,0.0004285285,0.1458565,0.0001142894,0.0001918268,0.7621989,0.05722156,0.02916385],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004353144,0.00006608445,0.01174871,0.0004083677,0.000007971028,0.0004403233,0.2914062,0.0004380833,0.0001691299,0.1013113,0.5939272,0.00003318665],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.374254,0.01369476,0.001417479,0.1923908,0.003676023,0.00004142904,0.000122718,0.00005426557,0.4143485],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.980379,0.001479847,0.0001091182,0.002716117,0.001039695,0.00001432831,0.00002194179,0.00002340247,0.01421653],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00993208,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0271771,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2067257019","doi":"10.1177/135676670000600206","title":"Targeting the CANZUS baby boomer explorer and adventurer segments","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal Of Vacation Marketing","topic":"Tourism, Volunteerism, and Development","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":85,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Baby boom; Tourism; Baby boomers; Marketing; Adventure; Product (mathematics); Earnings; Business; Advertising; Economic growth; Economics; Political science; Sociology; History; Demographic economics; Population","authors":[{"name":"Thomas E. Müller","is_ca":false},{"name":"Megan Cleaver","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01368156162139865,"gpt":0.2699869436443877,"spread":0.256305382022989,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001549505,0.0002427991,0.0001217476,0.0005327696,0.001594593,0.0008558766,0.000283536,0.0003327771,0.005911366],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003390155,0.00007935054,0.0001281448,0.0005648542,0.0003364644,0.0005220136,0.0008016817,0.0003059822,0.0005924208],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005466822,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001160552,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.08824591,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.3056579,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999164,0.000007451834,0.000001239057,0.00000665902,0.00001141194,0.00005679465],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998564,0.00001185566,0.00001778686,0.000004710335,0.00003484788,0.00007455633],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00082035,0.0004220264,0.4505949,0.0006450409,0.0000349899,0.001805937,0.1191086,0.0002997706,0.02968007,0.006286256,0.0164289,0.3738731],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001993432,0.0006289164,0.7686765,0.0001869438,0.00003691478,0.001171963,0.1286641,0.000559778,0.002617437,0.0004308293,0.09697509,0.00003150817],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9735045,0.0004334151,0.0003365721,0.0006135814,0.00002380734,0.00009527978,0.00007638441,0.000008199399,0.02490826],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9739568,0.00197786,0.001342586,0.0002851101,0.00002436292,0.00008318768,0.0003207038,0.000008986221,0.02200037],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.08824591,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1754645,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2108308414","doi":"10.1177/0741713604271851","title":"Third-Space Practitioners: Women Educating for Justice in the Global South","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Adult Education Quarterly","topic":"Tourism, Volunteerism, and Development","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":76,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"St. Francis Xavier University","funders":"","keywords":"Negotiation; Subversion; Space (punctuation); Sociology; Gender studies; Active listening; Identity (music); Politics; Economic Justice; Global South; Pedagogy; Political science; Social science; Law; Aesthetics; Geography","authors":[{"name":"Leona M. English","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01317991828966996,"gpt":0.319546810405728,"spread":0.306366892116058,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004547264,0.0003850291,0.0004702229,0.0009893342,0.01871866,0.00558731,0.001045874,0.002466119,0.004185793],"category_scores_gemma":[0.006046341,0.0003115756,0.0002305837,0.001444633,0.01848514,0.003795041,0.00929638,0.003451219,0.0003109115],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.005630668,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0141183,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0445535,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.111517,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9961139,0.002562985,0.00005453934,0.000169939,0.0002813771,0.0008172363],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9957396,0.002237377,0.0004198825,0.000180191,0.0002497122,0.001173247],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006982116,0.00001743535,0.001645579,0.00003219274,6.817458e-7,0.0002987531,0.9897206,0.000007806611,0.000215859,0.003337895,0.0006949008,0.004021231],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000022577,0.00001466292,0.0005585462,0.00006287688,0.000001357074,0.000126587,0.9815749,0.000008956396,0.00007093763,0.0004635065,0.01711188,0.000003459505],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9392298,0.002350724,0.001738214,0.0231831,0.0002626131,0.0001286392,0.00001905647,0.00003449596,0.03305334],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9860371,0.001169179,0.0006083209,0.002708797,0.00002899994,0.00006543301,0.000009416958,0.00002196192,0.009350824],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0445535,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0885883,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3095126411","doi":"10.1080/09669582.2020.1841217","title":"Empowerment of women through cultural tourism: perspectives of Hui minority embroiderers in Ningxia, China","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Sustainable Tourism","topic":"Tourism, Volunteerism, and Development","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":74,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Empowerment; China; Tourism; Poverty; Economic growth; Ethnic group; Government (linguistics); Politics; Political science; Socioeconomics; Sociology","authors":[{"name":"Ming Su","is_ca":false},{"name":"Geoffrey Wall","is_ca":true},{"name":"MA Jian-fu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Marcello Notarianni","is_ca":false},{"name":"Sangui Wang","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01209972946666954,"gpt":0.2779660217955834,"spread":0.2658662923289139,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002487939,0.0005801324,0.0003998589,0.0008391537,0.0152089,0.003005216,0.0009292202,0.00117572,0.002453832],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001672933,0.000337095,0.0002682533,0.0007351678,0.006309373,0.002219329,0.00404308,0.002737056,0.0001086658],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.004233111,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.004442836,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.04609275,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.09586417,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988382,0.0005627675,0.00002248643,0.0000665711,0.00006382962,0.0004461535],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989458,0.0003647463,0.000147872,0.000024496,0.0000717317,0.0004454725],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002726437,0.00002721018,0.00677525,0.00003378376,0.000003122227,0.000956536,0.9875185,0.0000114099,0.0003509527,0.001247032,0.000468803,0.002580199],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00000235987,0.00002778498,0.004516651,0.00002660894,0.000002152055,0.0001331704,0.9914248,0.00002066248,0.00006234711,0.00009198282,0.003686673,0.000004766586],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.992067,0.0003311323,0.00007328937,0.003184462,0.00004467358,0.00002488011,0.00001504517,0.000001864347,0.004257589],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9946312,0.0005730156,0.00007871698,0.000783038,0.00002705213,0.00002374282,0.00001548125,0.000002997282,0.003864871],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.04609275,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.09164894,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3123971466","doi":"10.1080/02255189.2021.1871593","title":"Why positionalities matter: reflections on power, hierarchy, and knowledges in “development” research","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Development Studies/Revue canadienne d études du développement","topic":"Tourism, Volunteerism, and Development","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":72,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Reflexivity; Scrutiny; Power (physics); Sociology; Hierarchy; Scholarship; Epistemology; Gaze; Colonialism; Political science; Social science; Psychology; Law; Psychoanalysis","authors":[{"name":"Arda Bilgen","is_ca":false},{"name":"Aftab Nasir","is_ca":false},{"name":"Julia Schöneberg","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1210665745576579,"gpt":0.3533957993286938,"spread":0.2323292247710359,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0332226,0.0005086382,0.0006533213,0.00389264,0.0214791,0.02227721,0.002569423,0.005779425,0.002984781],"category_scores_gemma":[0.02795571,0.0004417327,0.0003965567,0.00367297,0.1755598,0.02162761,0.0122613,0.01137872,0.0003167372],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.02682428,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.01843302,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.04657078,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.05689954,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9750759,0.01906754,0.0004059125,0.001201632,0.002079815,0.002169249],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9556947,0.03716344,0.001464116,0.001347554,0.00232742,0.002002866],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008397366,0.000009102051,0.0003754575,0.00004574327,0.000001729846,0.0001491148,0.3934153,0.00005629583,0.00006971943,0.6003008,0.001983328,0.003584949],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001460189,0.00001592139,0.0006559172,0.0005055933,0.00000643585,0.0001659525,0.5311466,0.0002476501,0.0003007221,0.3492903,0.1176267,0.0000235931],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.152224,0.0170844,0.01764345,0.536629,0.001322481,0.00009048417,0.00005719809,0.00005432502,0.2748946],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9850094,0.002655279,0.001505928,0.005787998,0.0001998194,0.00004585063,0.00001039829,0.0000516542,0.004733616],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9785209,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1946247,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1249666202","doi":"","title":"Realizing Rural Community-Based Tourism Development: Prospects for Social Economy Enterprises","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of rural and community development","topic":"Tourism, Volunteerism, and Development","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":70,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Tourism; Social economy; Business; Economic growth; Community economic development; Tourism geography; Rural area; Community development; Rural tourism; Economics; Political science; Market economy","authors":[{"name":"Peter A. Johnson","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02953925433752582,"gpt":0.2899351866707658,"spread":0.26039593233324,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001329074,0.0002225874,0.0001174613,0.0005825224,0.009197516,0.005454239,0.0006627391,0.001017891,0.007876781],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001312009,0.00008009488,0.0001812039,0.0009601434,0.003177049,0.00164965,0.00364724,0.001512597,0.0003834069],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.01874432,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.1433045,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.8470222,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9552573,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991617,0.000122649,0.000007881944,0.00002887261,0.0001605735,0.0005182927],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9971084,0.0001663446,0.00005690765,0.00002897395,0.0005893566,0.002050081],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001849025,0.000507477,0.04583459,0.001014151,0.00001989173,0.002013721,0.05076539,0.001555034,0.002640131,0.3714002,0.1158266,0.4082379],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000297212,0.0001444751,0.0580615,0.001032716,0.00002006903,0.0003362213,0.242556,0.001966162,0.0006860767,0.02020769,0.6749041,0.00005530323],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3875639,0.01031775,0.003214828,0.1708523,0.0005488357,0.0004250297,0.000323102,0.0001507191,0.4266036],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9325227,0.01191253,0.004062213,0.002950383,0.00007029295,0.00008533153,0.0001570655,0.00001726621,0.04822225],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8470222,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3077574,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2019478637","doi":"10.1080/02255189.2013.825205","title":"Decolonising development studies: reflections on critical pedagogies in action","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Development Studies/Revue canadienne d études du développement","topic":"Tourism, Volunteerism, and Development","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":69,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"St. Francis Xavier University","funders":"World Bank Group","keywords":"Humanities; Decolonization; Sociology; Ethnology; Political science; Art","authors":[{"name":"Jonathan Langdon","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.2056395597428655,"gpt":0.3911762795322108,"spread":0.1855367197893454,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.05545193,0.001524552,0.001306308,0.004204974,0.02228045,0.02340329,0.004652764,0.006038357,0.004675536],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0520913,0.0009200523,0.001007292,0.002265044,0.1118576,0.01762214,0.0278808,0.01508896,0.0005843769],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.01967737,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.01249308,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005371139,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005917341,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9362341,0.05479385,0.000916629,0.002282343,0.003177578,0.002595498],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.8910925,0.09705614,0.002429642,0.003944714,0.003252045,0.00222506],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000202649,0.00005558563,0.0002533474,0.0001563817,0.000004487576,0.0003910182,0.751197,0.000144469,0.0003401686,0.2364756,0.00145535,0.009506349],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003956965,0.00006997156,0.0004054271,0.001061898,0.00001079076,0.0004503661,0.6763186,0.0005508662,0.00127137,0.09250464,0.2272775,0.00003905215],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.2762957,0.01342062,0.1649032,0.1249785,0.003307079,0.001901199,0.00009079225,0.0006281877,0.4144747],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9477005,0.002887741,0.01549158,0.003591567,0.0003473294,0.0009314593,0.00002530977,0.0003462384,0.02867837],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.05545193,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2932613,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2111376391","doi":"10.5751/es-02804-140132","title":"Selling Conservation? Scientific Legitimacy and the Commodification of Conservation Tourism","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecology and Society","topic":"Tourism, Volunteerism, and Development","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":68,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Environment Research Council; Economic and Social Research Council; University of Birmingham","keywords":"Commodification; Legitimacy; Tourism; Nature Conservation; Wildlife conservation; Environmental resource management; Geography; Environmental planning; Political science; Business; Environmental ethics; Natural resource economics; Economy; Economics; Ecology; Wildlife; Politics; Biology; Archaeology; Law","authors":[{"name":"Jenny A. Cousins","is_ca":false},{"name":"James Evans","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jon P. Sadler","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02104777858511156,"gpt":0.2775977708869528,"spread":0.2565499923018412,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01055943,0.0002340106,0.0006041344,0.002669264,0.004199856,0.01268617,0.0006780592,0.003947771,0.009038545],"category_scores_gemma":[0.02728263,0.0003689128,0.0003166753,0.002363169,0.03752751,0.01334823,0.006087061,0.003492397,0.0004832588],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.003190629,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002666466,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002066059,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003806088,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9951764,0.002376501,0.0002390657,0.0003407767,0.001436815,0.0004304786],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9716536,0.01590888,0.004724112,0.003956512,0.002164631,0.001592281],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004093954,0.00006174493,0.003978509,0.00006478593,0.00001522912,0.000185741,0.007809048,0.0001704797,0.00036071,0.955462,0.003813737,0.028037],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003450029,0.00004124795,0.005158295,0.000335468,0.00001725333,0.0003132517,0.007509657,0.0005365848,0.0002673217,0.939862,0.04589534,0.00002922477],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.2727125,0.01337448,0.01247237,0.2660174,0.0008091968,0.00004599173,0.0001101434,0.00006572963,0.4343921],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9932586,0.001615877,0.000872035,0.001464003,0.0003357347,0.00001171617,0.00001345186,0.00001775994,0.002410967],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9958001,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.05584425,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2488701993","doi":"10.1057/9781137585172_5","title":"A Review of Research","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Palgrave Macmillan UK eBooks","topic":"Tourism, Volunteerism, and Development","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":64,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Perspective (graphical); Set (abstract data type); Sociology; Empirical research; Psychology; Epistemology; Computer science; Artificial intelligence; Philosophy","authors":[{"name":"Robert A. Stebbins","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1468106273788391,"gpt":0.4333485423158913,"spread":0.2865379149370522,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003464163,0.001248039,0.002416105,0.010384,0.0009489083,0.003875359,0.001799673,0.001938703,0.02018082],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01191617,0.0007657591,0.001344165,0.01387196,0.001223305,0.004142347,0.001724132,0.002330224,0.005789428],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.003064595,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.01117252,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004564161,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.009433206,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9974911,0.0006089604,0.0005270299,0.0004007108,0.0008202723,0.000151987],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9936959,0.003816996,0.0007154336,0.0001672761,0.001355707,0.0002485914],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001186773,0.00007942336,0.0005108388,0.1418128,0.0002642938,0.0003454417,0.0007463366,0.0002578754,0.0005981271,0.009428697,0.1156133,0.7302242],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001594454,0.00005947522,0.001516357,0.07271385,0.0002461993,0.0008290896,0.00043444,0.00003185702,0.0001077429,0.002539039,0.9214779,0.00002808146],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.000094167,0.9967299,0.00009907184,0.0009088388,0.0004606436,0.00001471579,0.00009774689,0.000007903334,0.001587059],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0008298026,0.9974512,0.0002212258,0.0005882515,0.0002497665,0.0000209375,0.00008803776,0.000004004595,0.0005467046],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02018082,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.06751156,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2739251046","doi":"10.1111/tran.12201","title":"From where we stand: unsettling geographical knowledges in the classroom","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers","topic":"Tourism, Volunteerism, and Development","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":61,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"University of British Columbia","keywords":"Indigenous; Decolonization; Colonialism; Sociology; Knowledge production; Process (computing); Work (physics); Traditional knowledge; Epistemology; Geography; Ecology; Political science; Computer science; Knowledge management; Archaeology; Engineering; Philosophy; Law","authors":[{"name":"Michelle Daigle","is_ca":true},{"name":"Juanita Sundberg","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01700007404793446,"gpt":0.272049204904444,"spread":0.2550491308565095,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01291002,0.0008458912,0.001306138,0.001788931,0.02103321,0.01662889,0.003805279,0.005539024,0.01119269],"category_scores_gemma":[0.02147478,0.0009093813,0.000683819,0.0008007261,0.03778179,0.01564748,0.02396327,0.01339111,0.003230959],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.006552177,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.01380159,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006538751,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01594667,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9821314,0.0115858,0.000320462,0.001691615,0.001597693,0.002673154],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9779076,0.01064372,0.001185219,0.001402459,0.001523774,0.007337174],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001925905,0.0001796296,0.001169977,0.0001144249,0.0000038253,0.0006941477,0.9494297,0.0001569642,0.001149865,0.02457132,0.009088002,0.01342278],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002337642,0.00013257,0.000613428,0.0004362512,0.000008708374,0.0003584381,0.7499557,0.0003227277,0.0007820606,0.02982122,0.2175049,0.00004051155],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6118672,0.003600406,0.04399491,0.1257259,0.003058908,0.0003910111,0.0000743532,0.0007935714,0.2104936],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.948815,0.001246609,0.01290645,0.005044173,0.0002145246,0.0001960622,0.00004128865,0.0003387622,0.03119708],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02103321,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.06827557,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2010019389","doi":"10.1002/ace.105","title":"Environmental adult education: Critique and creativity in a globalizing world","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"New Directions for Adult and Continuing Education","topic":"Tourism, Volunteerism, and Development","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":59,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"","keywords":"Creativity; Unrest; Democracy; Environmental education; Racism; Globalization; Accountability; Social unrest; Environmental adult education; Action (physics); Environmentalism; Sociology; Space (punctuation); Environmental ethics; Political science; Economic growth; Pedagogy; Gender studies; Politics; Law; Economics","authors":[{"name":"Darlene E. Clover","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.007239562048776388,"gpt":0.293239975244839,"spread":0.2860004131960626,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.006149604,0.0003197546,0.0002196336,0.001245139,0.003943955,0.009386806,0.0007134434,0.002331452,0.004581247],"category_scores_gemma":[0.006620813,0.00005961448,0.0002420486,0.001007819,0.01941772,0.003184352,0.00510257,0.003034273,0.0001886213],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00297125,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.003388838,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002336105,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004656418,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9954622,0.003521759,0.00010776,0.0001695836,0.0004472046,0.0002914405],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9927652,0.005180548,0.0003830474,0.0004416678,0.0005750908,0.0006543763],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002795049,0.0001016847,0.001650773,0.0002858575,0.000007079982,0.0005790073,0.2034974,0.0003457336,0.0001844208,0.6557191,0.04839337,0.0892076],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002136047,0.0000460014,0.001707546,0.001269139,0.000006677726,0.0004453941,0.1395923,0.0003725469,0.0002860205,0.113218,0.7430226,0.00001227608],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1202537,0.02885849,0.003838566,0.3254459,0.003546953,0.00005444662,0.0000261971,0.00007097982,0.5179049],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9391044,0.008248755,0.001410723,0.01275729,0.00161264,0.000038489,0.00001656656,0.000040955,0.03677026],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.009386806,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03252262,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2001673681","doi":"10.1086/652914","title":"Aid Effectiveness and Women’s Empowerment: Practices of Governance in the Funding of International Development","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Signs","topic":"Tourism, Volunteerism, and Development","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":59,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"","keywords":"Empowerment; Governmentality; Sociology; Corporate governance; Public relations; Ethnography; Declaration; Everyday life; Institution; Situated; Political science; Gender studies; Social science; Management; Law","authors":[{"name":"Marie Campbell","is_ca":true},{"name":"Katherine Teghtsoonian","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02011323723076617,"gpt":0.317676133959843,"spread":0.2975628967290768,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01824722,0.0003998745,0.0003341668,0.001800622,0.01078731,0.01259077,0.0007676219,0.001758092,0.003314862],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01736568,0.0002645411,0.0002002472,0.002168144,0.04878673,0.006599956,0.01003981,0.00252621,0.0001772122],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.008779424,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.008992845,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.007314485,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.007914028,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9823459,0.01450168,0.0002958991,0.0005351355,0.0007978466,0.001523504],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9904585,0.006661143,0.001109127,0.000661574,0.0004706707,0.0006389987],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002624179,0.00002938728,0.003992278,0.00009029941,0.000009467996,0.000245463,0.4698243,0.000245143,0.0003503202,0.4970935,0.002693301,0.02540036],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002762892,0.00008542621,0.0053486,0.0006119228,0.00002596354,0.0002858301,0.5096676,0.0004356884,0.0009724796,0.1386883,0.3438145,0.00003602824],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4184314,0.007020655,0.02144673,0.08344606,0.0004062819,0.0001627689,0.00005659894,0.00009448242,0.4689351],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9943783,0.0005576403,0.000677001,0.0004776749,0.00003529445,0.00004238647,0.000004841506,0.00001189297,0.003814923],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01824722,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.09650165,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3003358407","doi":"10.1111/area.12614","title":"Researching migrants in informal transit camps along the Balkan Route: Reflections on volunteer activism, access, and reciprocity","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Area","topic":"Tourism, Volunteerism, and Development","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":58,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada; Government of Canada","keywords":"Grassroots; Reciprocity (cultural anthropology); Political science; Legitimacy; Context (archaeology); Sociology; Public relations; Economic growth; Public administration; Law; Geography; Politics; Economics","authors":[{"name":"Joanna Jordan","is_ca":true},{"name":"Sarah Moser","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.09277612456064496,"gpt":0.3612501470780147,"spread":0.2684740225173697,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.02785176,0.0007266894,0.0007100624,0.001602085,0.02313365,0.0112496,0.002146011,0.004064517,0.003343255],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01940073,0.0006267704,0.0004507148,0.001451186,0.0394033,0.009005952,0.01563494,0.006529422,0.0003895155],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.003524448,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.007287863,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005729508,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0143205,"domain_scores_codex":[0.977187,0.01916053,0.0003144678,0.0006983143,0.0006001915,0.002039436],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9806443,0.01494671,0.0009877263,0.0007529024,0.0008544171,0.001813971],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000943023,0.00001509855,0.0005596284,0.00005078766,0.000001820277,0.0003651897,0.9898894,0.00001339736,0.0001598892,0.005872573,0.0006373317,0.002425564],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000002819776,0.00001894726,0.0003407993,0.000142656,0.000001985412,0.0001729733,0.98067,0.00002461657,0.00005138472,0.001589813,0.01697871,0.000005343494],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9017404,0.005033016,0.006427485,0.04716403,0.0008126513,0.0002832943,0.00005730411,0.00004746896,0.03843423],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9863458,0.002130741,0.001595865,0.002649184,0.000153234,0.000242925,0.00002309823,0.00005405872,0.00680509],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02785176,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.147296,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2269962415","doi":"10.1080/14724049.2015.1118108","title":"Conceptualising host learning in community-based ecotourism homestays","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Ecotourism","topic":"Tourism, Volunteerism, and Development","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":58,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Ecotourism; Tourism; Negotiation; Agency (philosophy); Sociology; Commodification; Curriculum; Structure and agency; Pedagogy; Political science; Social science","authors":[{"name":"Kapil Dev Regmi","is_ca":true},{"name":"Pierre Walter","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02835910140174451,"gpt":0.2965259201008774,"spread":0.2681668186991328,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001817569,0.0002701611,0.0002139208,0.001109931,0.003756158,0.005626305,0.001092619,0.001515907,0.003455538],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001636037,0.0001857762,0.0002144375,0.001046641,0.01918062,0.005106898,0.007762067,0.001350132,0.0001795369],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.003498925,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.003186295,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005433328,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.008300194,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983158,0.00114751,0.00004339532,0.00009521662,0.0001369636,0.000261039],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998754,0.0005424574,0.0001623121,0.00009755525,0.00009650325,0.0003470628],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002622124,0.0001455294,0.00666201,0.0002036122,0.000007675256,0.001550304,0.3316489,0.001818232,0.000649897,0.6314624,0.001011272,0.02481393],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002668713,0.0002257676,0.009690112,0.0008290129,0.000016085,0.001417851,0.580945,0.004994548,0.0004988502,0.2391807,0.1621338,0.00004148437],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7226529,0.003026836,0.04473825,0.008587887,0.0001460545,0.0002469252,0.00003690601,0.00007683675,0.2204874],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9931585,0.0003979931,0.002857279,0.00008932771,0.00001066117,0.0000440909,0.000007174134,0.000005803146,0.003429114],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.005626305,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02538663,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2549026151","doi":"10.24043/isj.341","title":"Evaluating the impact of agritourism on local development in small islands","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Island Studies Journal","topic":"Tourism, Volunteerism, and Development","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":57,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Tourism; Typology; Rural tourism; Business; Sketch; Scale (ratio); Order (exchange); Regional science; Space (punctuation); Economic geography; Conceptual framework; Tourism geography; Geography; Marketing; Computer science; Sociology; Cartography","authors":[{"name":"Sofia Karampela","is_ca":false},{"name":"Thanasis Kizos","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ιoannis Spilanis","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.08552007173012,"gpt":0.396044486109129,"spread":0.310524414379009,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001818951,0.000260082,0.0003305495,0.001076675,0.0009277398,0.00182337,0.0005149716,0.0002739099,0.003531642],"category_scores_gemma":[0.006357257,0.0001348314,0.0003158519,0.001803562,0.001590603,0.0009725,0.002560027,0.0005018765,0.0002368777],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.003293116,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001723871,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.04470739,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.1218463,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983798,0.000965676,0.00005648203,0.00007501982,0.0002226356,0.0003002301],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.995114,0.00210709,0.000655019,0.0001800942,0.0009710349,0.0009726838],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00056831,0.0004856178,0.9079132,0.0005747037,0.0002346912,0.001939768,0.02624812,0.00500228,0.001246129,0.004652513,0.0007656149,0.05036897],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000007157866,0.0005469001,0.9375417,0.00008347999,0.00008152216,0.00008121905,0.05744141,0.001290273,0.0002981382,0.0005440626,0.002070273,0.00001384742],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.992406,0.0001536271,0.00009416514,0.00008254367,0.000002745514,0.0000313394,0.00006197359,0.000001930942,0.007165654],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991046,0.000176052,0.0001564208,0.000008586913,0.000001856347,0.0000237944,0.00004679462,0.000001517659,0.0004803061],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.04470739,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.08889431,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2079394577","doi":"10.1016/j.jrurstud.2011.01.001","title":"Gender as contradiction: From dichotomies to diversity in natural resource extraction","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Rural Studies","topic":"Tourism, Volunteerism, and Development","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":55,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Dichotomy; Context (archaeology); Sociology; Contradiction; Femininity; Natural resource; Resource (disambiguation); Masculinity; Diversity (politics); Natural (archaeology); Gender studies; Epistemology; Ecology; Anthropology; Geography; Computer science","authors":[{"name":"Sara O’Shaughnessy","is_ca":true},{"name":"Naomi Krogman","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0683408026162252,"gpt":0.3174672304472467,"spread":0.2491264278310215,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.008173916,0.0002564877,0.0005500695,0.002612448,0.006530937,0.008514124,0.001268789,0.00185726,0.00425512],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0141671,0.0002939549,0.0003841144,0.00287945,0.05069935,0.009748451,0.008458314,0.002710535,0.000193015],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.004007765,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.004418443,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00354243,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004586427,"domain_scores_codex":[0.993969,0.003940825,0.0001602472,0.0003708707,0.0006749795,0.0008842055],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.989933,0.007168035,0.0008547353,0.0007503608,0.0006032828,0.0006905874],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005042459,0.00003331711,0.00396811,0.00004910351,0.000008200834,0.0001966883,0.1282511,0.00008396588,0.0001536196,0.8580901,0.0009442753,0.008170986],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004322263,0.00003957678,0.0065225,0.0002695907,0.00002011504,0.0003125712,0.2509158,0.0003918479,0.0002229841,0.7149543,0.02628443,0.00002309883],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.5691276,0.002272567,0.009631,0.02913848,0.0002643887,0.00006254506,0.00007986066,0.00001996677,0.3894036],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9981376,0.0001620922,0.0004042455,0.0003345943,0.00002426073,0.00001924669,0.000007886512,0.000009823868,0.000900125],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.008514124,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.04322833,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2026040543","doi":"10.1080/01436597.2011.560466","title":"Cosmopolitan or Colonial? The World Social Forum as ‘contact zone’","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Third World Quarterly","topic":"Tourism, Volunteerism, and Development","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":53,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Brock University","funders":"","keywords":"Praxis; Colonialism; Contact zone; Latin Americans; Power (physics); Sociology; Diversity (politics); Gender studies; Anthropology; Political science; Law","authors":[{"name":"Janet Conway","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02971739700176007,"gpt":0.2964674261209634,"spread":0.2667500291192034,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003451807,0.0001672828,0.0002111706,0.0009985936,0.005005494,0.009421338,0.0005612613,0.00162566,0.005725836],"category_scores_gemma":[0.006518178,0.0001443545,0.0001865247,0.001505397,0.01839237,0.01144844,0.005994133,0.001571562,0.0002926401],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001597193,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001727961,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002247049,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003811891,"domain_scores_codex":[0.996557,0.002688381,0.00005177109,0.0001525234,0.0002013515,0.0003489548],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9973772,0.001337384,0.0003305369,0.0002814292,0.000126105,0.0005473737],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003359422,0.00003565509,0.004923242,0.000083062,0.000004004501,0.0004157594,0.4992548,0.00004157132,0.0003115852,0.4683847,0.005046322,0.02146567],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001559207,0.00004595487,0.007311607,0.0004105318,0.000007110977,0.000657835,0.6975797,0.0002223969,0.00016329,0.07328318,0.2202755,0.00002723801],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4997896,0.006836446,0.007499214,0.0713163,0.001222648,0.00007104234,0.00008024948,0.00007022767,0.4131142],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9956496,0.0005063771,0.0003433959,0.0005074528,0.00008260082,0.00001849511,0.000007645963,0.00001346558,0.002870913],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.009421338,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01915479,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1900480764","doi":"10.29173/cjs10363","title":"Student Volunteering in China and Canada:Comparative Perspectives","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Sociology","topic":"Tourism, Volunteerism, and Development","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":53,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Vlaamse regering; Peking University; Tsinghua University; Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek","keywords":"China; Government (linguistics); Sociology; Politics; State (computer science); Economic growth; Public relations; Political science; Voluntary association","authors":[{"name":"Lesley Hustinx","is_ca":false},{"name":"Femida Handy","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ram A. Cnaan","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02304579049042911,"gpt":0.2980622173867835,"spread":0.2750164268963544,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002809158,0.0002881602,0.0005842636,0.005259026,0.01607991,0.005353918,0.0009510443,0.0007683221,0.00377868],"category_scores_gemma":[0.005501552,0.0002105774,0.0002727676,0.01820113,0.004816426,0.001313257,0.003772855,0.001277158,0.0001173691],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.06112814,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.08416113,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9843242,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9945134,"domain_scores_codex":[0.997399,0.0006107239,0.00006108325,0.0001394162,0.000553087,0.001236676],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9928774,0.001688552,0.000603269,0.0001325559,0.002408312,0.002289882],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002412384,0.0002175676,0.3129947,0.0003796618,0.0000573384,0.001503516,0.6030347,0.0002544615,0.0004334332,0.02223066,0.007265437,0.05138736],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000105296,0.00005106491,0.3139158,0.0002442344,0.000027142,0.0001199456,0.660678,0.0002402859,0.000110136,0.0004727482,0.02408903,0.00004105572],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9701006,0.002481744,0.00006173994,0.002746136,0.00003429742,0.00003174907,0.0002554666,0.000005318386,0.02428292],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9953229,0.001991455,0.00006857834,0.0002880883,0.00001211057,0.00001769053,0.0001286217,0.000003473265,0.002167228],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.06112814,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4435177,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1765972217","doi":"10.1007/s10460-015-9660-5","title":"Will work for food: agricultural interns, apprentices, volunteers, and the agrarian question","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Agriculture and Human Values","topic":"Tourism, Volunteerism, and Development","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":51,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Wilfrid Laurier University; The Scarborough Hospital; University of Toronto","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada; Workplace Safety and Insurance Board","keywords":"Apprenticeship; Agrarian society; Agriculture; Work (physics); Sociology; Geography; Engineering","authors":[{"name":"Michael Ekers","is_ca":true},{"name":"Charles Z. Levkoe","is_ca":true},{"name":"Samuel Walker","is_ca":true},{"name":"Bryan Dale","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02073082440104135,"gpt":0.2682815317992028,"spread":0.2475507073981614,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01271687,0.0002536248,0.0004195269,0.0006478621,0.01598322,0.007577041,0.001344378,0.007901948,0.008622654],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01601501,0.0003082182,0.0002346921,0.0008071124,0.02032251,0.007050727,0.005012143,0.009005117,0.0007951721],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002747601,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0108094,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01970064,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0411411,"domain_scores_codex":[0.993509,0.003958144,0.00006502392,0.000225148,0.000262559,0.001980051],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9720327,0.009139045,0.001397145,0.0004765016,0.001287728,0.01566692],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000346102,0.001318688,0.07665742,0.0001538327,0.00004335039,0.00114937,0.6030287,0.0001064235,0.0002882331,0.1351404,0.1233676,0.05839985],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00005246934,0.00006335878,0.01523381,0.0002222638,0.000008201264,0.0002512927,0.9175653,0.00005712961,0.0000352276,0.01707369,0.04941595,0.00002122131],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4002225,0.002646943,0.0002096974,0.5380332,0.0006338186,0.0000254418,0.00003779036,0.00000845565,0.05818208],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9690587,0.001280389,0.0000971809,0.02249109,0.0003382992,0.00003923963,0.00001602816,0.00001161414,0.006667468],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01970064,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.06725407,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2062509220","doi":"10.1177/0020715206063256","title":"Voluntary Labor, Responsible Citizenship, and International NGOs","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Comparative Sociology","topic":"Tourism, Volunteerism, and Development","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":49,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Windsor","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs; European Commission; World Bank Group","keywords":"Voluntary sector; Citizenship; Context (archaeology); Bureaucracy; Public sector; Government (linguistics); Political science; Public relations; Public administration; Sociology; Law; Politics","authors":[{"name":"Anita Lacey","is_ca":true},{"name":"Suzan Ilcan","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0373871551102187,"gpt":0.3605537309176531,"spread":0.3231665758074344,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004816378,0.0002138419,0.000194108,0.001211178,0.006568396,0.005771249,0.0005431266,0.001506718,0.003701765],"category_scores_gemma":[0.006523998,0.00009893286,0.0001842406,0.001163877,0.03037777,0.004093692,0.007642564,0.001839937,0.0001730816],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002763147,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.004103392,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003041141,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005685947,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9947737,0.003736747,0.00009466349,0.0002133472,0.0003332114,0.0008483793],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9933586,0.00410061,0.0007845561,0.0004014914,0.0003548124,0.001000062],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000160642,0.0000299552,0.00304205,0.00004846811,0.000002270304,0.0002075543,0.04316399,0.0001220208,0.0000572706,0.9389546,0.002349288,0.01200651],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001512355,0.00008360803,0.006933439,0.0006405534,0.000007224092,0.0004502122,0.1976156,0.0004282266,0.0002478167,0.4581959,0.3353589,0.00002334738],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.2305043,0.007663902,0.0117552,0.03834833,0.0007408381,0.00007903984,0.00002006838,0.0000359302,0.7108524],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9860587,0.001255711,0.0006539713,0.001431587,0.0001437758,0.00004313731,0.000007999747,0.00001046806,0.01039468],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.006568396,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02547175,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1988541456","doi":"10.1016/s0020-7489(02)00003-2","title":"The experiences of professional nurses who have migrated to Canada: cosmopolitan citizenship or democratic racism?","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Nursing Studies","topic":"Tourism, Volunteerism, and Development","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":49,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Registered Nurses' Association of Ontario","keywords":"Racism; Citizenship; Sociology; Cosmopolitanism; Democracy; Context (archaeology); Gender studies; Politics; Global citizenship; Law; Political science","authors":[{"name":"Jane Turrittin","is_ca":true},{"name":"Rebecca Hagey","is_ca":true},{"name":"Sepali Guruge","is_ca":true},{"name":"Enid Collins","is_ca":true},{"name":"Mitzi G. Mitchell","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.06581414584372884,"gpt":0.3896452709087826,"spread":0.3238311250650537,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002979708,0.0004822573,0.0007175427,0.000968685,0.03118792,0.01042436,0.002031701,0.003212474,0.003634766],"category_scores_gemma":[0.009197265,0.0004818061,0.0003793216,0.002129849,0.01636944,0.003596671,0.008281367,0.007939992,0.0002511284],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.03113155,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.06270765,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.8980212,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9681758,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9954737,0.001173967,0.0000724357,0.000148738,0.0007038653,0.00242742],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9891907,0.001352496,0.001212546,0.0001793398,0.002146568,0.005918396],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005709616,0.00004765216,0.01770915,0.00004281394,0.00001022704,0.0005969947,0.9718205,0.00001734364,0.0001115526,0.001243107,0.004257645,0.004085946],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000001358013,0.000008058869,0.003881257,0.00003081177,0.000002601746,0.00006584527,0.9908975,0.000006172988,0.00001459108,0.00004091422,0.005043528,0.000007388368],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9703157,0.001406795,0.00006272797,0.01322427,0.0003774624,0.00002726771,0.00006539044,0.000007287985,0.01451308],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9904273,0.001102975,0.00005653788,0.003233933,0.00005054281,0.00001436085,0.00003879833,0.00001167838,0.00506394],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1019788,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2258763,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1984701673","doi":"10.1080/14724049.2011.604129","title":"Volunteer tourism: its role in creating conservation awareness","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Ecotourism","topic":"Tourism, Volunteerism, and Development","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":48,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"National Research Council of Thailand","keywords":"Tourism; Volunteer; Ecotourism; National park; Nature Conservation; Public relations; Business; Perception; Marketing; Advertising; Political science; Geography; Psychology; Ecology","authors":[{"name":"Jasveen Rattan","is_ca":true},{"name":"Paul F.J. Eagles","is_ca":true},{"name":"Heather Mair","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03778322786479956,"gpt":0.2876641081348483,"spread":0.2498808802700487,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003807855,0.0001894331,0.0001730398,0.0006702007,0.001952804,0.003250417,0.0003541067,0.000525541,0.002765975],"category_scores_gemma":[0.006358239,0.0001590353,0.0002292865,0.0003215515,0.002096226,0.001091286,0.002906399,0.0008378293,0.0001717521],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005755183,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001831422,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001310709,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002228448,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9974082,0.002005408,0.0000527632,0.00006802264,0.0002258739,0.0002396016],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9916237,0.004162132,0.001016665,0.0003598562,0.000640135,0.002197546],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003511243,0.001145483,0.23248,0.00129457,0.0001235224,0.00257142,0.4362528,0.0004179526,0.004909188,0.01240663,0.008831134,0.2992162],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00007628182,0.001564365,0.2024938,0.001126806,0.0001517411,0.003231643,0.6270944,0.001614215,0.001696373,0.007651516,0.1531847,0.0001140527],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9388781,0.0008814249,0.003289102,0.004001423,0.000170388,0.0001256694,0.00002189126,0.00005983172,0.05257219],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9972191,0.0003088063,0.0008320756,0.0001357207,0.0000281469,0.00002611453,0.00000861731,0.000005145337,0.001436237],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.003807855,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02013814,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3015961939","doi":"10.1080/01419870.2020.1750666","title":"Salmon and acorns feed our people: colonialism, nature, and social action","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ethnic and Racial Studies","topic":"Tourism, Volunteerism, and Development","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":47,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Colonialism; Action (physics); Sociology; Collective action; Fishery; Geography; Political science; Biology; Politics; Archaeology; Law","authors":[{"name":"K. Alysse Bailey","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.07043549310895668,"gpt":0.382225705709726,"spread":0.3117902126007693,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001306919,0.0002161117,0.0002189282,0.0006803586,0.003014957,0.003662631,0.0002894406,0.0007669714,0.004575749],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003247111,0.0001312762,0.00009423579,0.001795461,0.008686389,0.003223572,0.001161315,0.001743221,0.0004582778],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001417262,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.003432149,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02793328,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.1115653,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989914,0.0006363399,0.0000188337,0.00003440447,0.0002533168,0.0000656608],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986552,0.000763098,0.0001431676,0.00005293614,0.00014009,0.000245369],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000514321,0.00005373603,0.01536167,0.0004089003,0.00003096381,0.0002623013,0.124083,0.0001590246,0.0003486912,0.2626631,0.4441347,0.1524425],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001197793,0.00003907358,0.02374192,0.0009380503,0.00001158881,0.0001994584,0.07867254,0.0001507235,0.000158581,0.0579039,0.8381445,0.00002769865],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.08124231,0.215496,0.00209575,0.3159219,0.004913857,0.00003726792,0.0001905354,0.00006675481,0.3800355],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7119753,0.107115,0.002691712,0.0269886,0.002839579,0.00007921604,0.0001772644,0.00008123578,0.1480521],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.02793328,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.05554134,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2097991889","doi":"10.1111/j.1440-1800.2010.00504.x","title":"Enhancing decolonization and knowledge transfer in nursing research with non-western populations: examining the congruence between primary healthcare and postcolonial feminist approaches","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nursing Inquiry","topic":"Tourism, Volunteerism, and Development","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":47,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"Decolonization; Feminism; Sociology; Photovoice; Transformative learning; Health care; Nursing research; Feminist philosophy; Gender studies; Nursing; Political science; Pedagogy; Medicine; Law","authors":[{"name":"Louise Racine","is_ca":true},{"name":"Pammla Petrucka","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.2294160831047711,"gpt":0.402481345704535,"spread":0.1730652625997639,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":["metaresearch","sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.2264261,0.0007643022,0.00123236,0.004026626,0.01903784,0.0210185,0.003948909,0.00427003,0.00220421],"category_scores_gemma":[0.1642024,0.000820543,0.0007726409,0.002487074,0.1111048,0.01854266,0.05025438,0.006515375,0.0002530946],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.01370518,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.02935312,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002574499,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004062344,"domain_scores_codex":[0.7061259,0.2697135,0.004125824,0.004390502,0.01094577,0.00469845],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.6917182,0.2612952,0.01246065,0.01942354,0.01068065,0.004421776],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002784053,0.0001271603,0.002243855,0.0003243187,0.00001811556,0.0001701167,0.9053257,0.00007402254,0.0003316271,0.061378,0.0004331635,0.02954614],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00008603578,0.0002887871,0.004732588,0.001563123,0.00003656185,0.0009782673,0.8405263,0.0006483565,0.001584362,0.1013068,0.04819937,0.00004931095],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6298904,0.008268106,0.06513195,0.1656414,0.0007477647,0.001052117,0.00001476516,0.000123992,0.1291295],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9825693,0.001131228,0.008422332,0.004887832,0.0001153672,0.0007044739,0.000003868601,0.00003558955,0.00213002],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9809622,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9539543,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2137849188","doi":"10.1017/s0008423904040156","title":"Global Economy, Local Politics: Indigenous Struggles, Civil Societyand Democracy","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Political Science","topic":"Tourism, Volunteerism, and Development","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":45,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Politics; Solidarity; Grassroots; Civil society; Democracy; Political science; Political economy; State (computer science); Indigenous; Globalization; Sociology; Law","authors":[{"name":"Gerardo Otero","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0114582006947847,"gpt":0.268244766275926,"spread":0.2567865655811413,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001508835,0.0004385156,0.000374001,0.001213558,0.004909308,0.006850756,0.0007194881,0.001585764,0.01139334],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001231779,0.0001074178,0.0001743306,0.003085657,0.022413,0.004673928,0.005618228,0.002755013,0.0005495606],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.005145703,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001945338,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.007205325,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01637312,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985605,0.000838662,0.0000194899,0.0001093756,0.0001752336,0.0002967351],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991655,0.000404876,0.0001185627,0.00008675618,0.0000752308,0.0001490066],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008979842,0.00003863812,0.001285239,0.0002042291,0.000006446827,0.0002325628,0.03298578,0.0002824051,0.00006568731,0.9424326,0.008909298,0.01354804],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000007697889,0.00005116202,0.005560743,0.0007098746,0.000009052605,0.0003859226,0.09393008,0.0004010405,0.0002159106,0.3764988,0.5222099,0.0000197777],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.07800458,0.07872446,0.002469337,0.06284021,0.0009999705,0.0000314698,0.00004387053,0.00004901823,0.7768371],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9342728,0.0190201,0.0003745911,0.003574101,0.0009415962,0.00003268982,0.00003372584,0.0000350067,0.04171533],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01139334,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03811449,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2937177973","doi":"10.1016/j.annals.2019.04.002","title":"Tourism for the emancipation of the oppressed: towards a critical tourism education drawing on Freirean philosophy","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Annals of Tourism Research","topic":"Tourism, Volunteerism, and Development","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":45,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Emancipation; Critical pedagogy; Sociology; Tourism; Curriculum; Critical theory; Work (physics); Pedagogy; Value (mathematics); Democracy; Epistemology; Political science; Politics; Engineering; Law; Philosophy","authors":[{"name":"Karla Boluk","is_ca":true},{"name":"Sandro Carnicelli","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1636631361850324,"gpt":0.459946229713293,"spread":0.2962830935282607,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.009910244,0.0006425318,0.0005375692,0.002047616,0.01364543,0.01446064,0.001553717,0.00657312,0.003188208],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004690692,0.0002128035,0.0004228713,0.0009265525,0.08761559,0.01119656,0.009484853,0.010449,0.0003395463],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.006179818,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.01708754,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005521773,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.007858792,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9962009,0.002742707,0.00004636449,0.0001664435,0.0002533126,0.0005903057],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9953285,0.003089886,0.0002487228,0.0002091201,0.0003409351,0.0007829162],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008159945,0.00003331749,0.0001006225,0.00005382226,0.000002192359,0.00006612049,0.04518781,0.00007884118,0.00004524378,0.9450375,0.004930635,0.00445577],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001482025,0.00003683247,0.0002562314,0.0004459431,0.000005431215,0.0001351034,0.09748945,0.0003506347,0.0001524539,0.7380746,0.1630202,0.00001827061],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.06274238,0.01769406,0.02242136,0.3607431,0.003843481,0.0002012854,0.00002556649,0.00008426444,0.5322446],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9483986,0.004347339,0.003139727,0.0149198,0.001023755,0.0001417967,0.00001130245,0.00006170846,0.02795595],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01446064,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.05241096,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2000436402","doi":"10.1080/0966369x.2014.991699","title":"Calls for educating girls in the Third World: futurity, girls and the ‘Third World Woman’","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Gender Place & Culture","topic":"Tourism, Volunteerism, and Development","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":43,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"University of Alberta","keywords":"Girl; Third world; Gender studies; Emblem; Feminist theory; Sociology; Homogeneous; Feminism; Psychology; Art; History; Visual arts; Developmental psychology; Economic history","authors":[{"name":"Katie MacDonald","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04266948497382646,"gpt":0.3164160897988857,"spread":0.2737466048250592,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.005321047,0.0003482357,0.000334422,0.0006643191,0.01421449,0.007455458,0.0007968874,0.004077875,0.003567565],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004080527,0.0001787661,0.0003103373,0.0008852422,0.02949306,0.006153616,0.009173349,0.006786065,0.0005068755],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002957759,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.003483543,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004051262,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.009429215,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9961233,0.002852814,0.00005960411,0.0001813505,0.0003569677,0.0004260158],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9963368,0.001827299,0.0003668911,0.0001716648,0.000166544,0.001130789],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003098061,0.00005049683,0.002563008,0.0001501939,0.000006287151,0.0009469647,0.8010853,0.00003888578,0.0006170685,0.1585796,0.01519775,0.02073344],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000009805575,0.00004445482,0.002054648,0.0004575382,0.000005514053,0.0007283978,0.6229004,0.00005037487,0.0004024807,0.02075107,0.3525715,0.00002385116],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.381514,0.02119589,0.005882373,0.3242853,0.003990076,0.0001025833,0.00004440436,0.0001216695,0.2628638],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9551569,0.004932814,0.001424551,0.01700719,0.0005012358,0.0001107944,0.00002034503,0.00008613516,0.02076005],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01421449,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02814066,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2801557830","doi":"10.1002/jtr.2213","title":"The impact of volunteer tourism on local communities: A managerial perspective","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Tourism Research","topic":"Tourism, Volunteerism, and Development","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":43,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Tourism; Perspective (graphical); Public relations; Sustainability; Empirical research; Qualitative research; Business; Marketing; Process (computing); Local community; Sociology; Political science; Social science","authors":[{"name":"Gilda Hernández-Maskivker","is_ca":false},{"name":"Dominic Lapointe","is_ca":true},{"name":"Rayssa Aquino","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05573725474980631,"gpt":0.4363740732098185,"spread":0.3806368184600122,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.007890458,0.0001966895,0.0001616071,0.0007723377,0.006402681,0.005555459,0.0007359395,0.001094753,0.003364313],"category_scores_gemma":[0.007385956,0.0001219102,0.000113906,0.0004882318,0.008161601,0.001523814,0.003839488,0.001377501,0.000146783],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002692189,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.004787439,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002862307,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005868133,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9931288,0.005449985,0.00005829072,0.0001234072,0.0003394173,0.000900145],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9887176,0.005098544,0.001025955,0.0002144227,0.001044044,0.003899435],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001555615,0.0006479463,0.03700686,0.0008033311,0.00004185688,0.004148559,0.6752896,0.001136184,0.003719241,0.1647717,0.02385573,0.08842333],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001518537,0.000309309,0.0109369,0.000494184,0.00001305032,0.0005194117,0.896005,0.0008353161,0.0005160764,0.01417559,0.07614818,0.00003176575],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8127512,0.002812551,0.003110648,0.05514075,0.0004344249,0.0001211056,0.00001706917,0.00003143941,0.1255808],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9976102,0.0002716289,0.0001478688,0.0005262822,0.00004405775,0.00001101994,0.000001529032,0.000002169465,0.001385332],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.007890458,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.04172927,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2050656106","doi":"10.1080/10941665.2011.627930","title":"The “Ecotourism Curriculum” and Visitor Learning in Community-based Ecotourism: Case Studies from Thailand and Cambodia","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research","topic":"Tourism, Volunteerism, and Development","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":42,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Ecotourism; Curriculum; Tourism; Visitor pattern; Experiential learning; Transformative learning; Environmental education; Local community; Outdoor education; Sociology; Pedagogy; Geography; Political science","authors":[{"name":"Pierre Walter","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jill Katheryn Reimer","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.06821305738356605,"gpt":0.3620517524391099,"spread":0.2938386950555438,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00157061,0.0003091953,0.0002819722,0.0005754295,0.004980521,0.001818615,0.0009948583,0.001159542,0.003226785],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002586065,0.0002539716,0.0001751003,0.001404486,0.00276003,0.001145836,0.002979447,0.001218172,0.0001743708],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002800103,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002478365,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02969334,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.07537272,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986079,0.0008924284,0.00003202926,0.000061832,0.00009151216,0.0003143031],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9976119,0.001362373,0.0002052181,0.00007596816,0.0001302883,0.0006142055],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000233027,0.001419699,0.06472177,0.0008139179,0.00002485493,0.02429604,0.8602822,0.001110108,0.002205198,0.005316297,0.001106535,0.03847033],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003224277,0.0005696748,0.04956866,0.0002307303,0.00001387194,0.00260735,0.9354007,0.0005814061,0.0007766911,0.000270961,0.009931373,0.00001634656],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9956772,0.00009650856,0.000133038,0.0001411098,0.0000021797,0.00004791889,0.000009604208,0.000001531653,0.003890896],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9976206,0.0002750229,0.0002825253,0.00003860759,0.000002359183,0.00005976536,0.00001390974,0.000002499062,0.001704542],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02969334,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.05904102,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2418694099","doi":"10.1155/2016/2569732","title":"Perceptions of the Role of Short-Term Volunteerism in International Development: Views from Volunteers, Local Hosts, and Community Members","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Tropical Medicine","topic":"Tourism, Volunteerism, and Development","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":42,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Hospital for Sick Children; Public Health Ontario; University of Toronto","funders":"Connaught Fund; University of Toronto","keywords":"Thematic analysis; Perception; Stakeholder; General partnership; Community development; Public relations; Psychology; Qualitative research; Political science; Sociology; Social science; Law","authors":[{"name":"Bethina Loiseau","is_ca":true},{"name":"Rebekah Sibbald","is_ca":true},{"name":"Salem A. Raman","is_ca":true},{"name":"Benedict Darren","is_ca":true},{"name":"Lawrence C. Loh","is_ca":true},{"name":"Helen Dimaras","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02025379885501535,"gpt":0.2940429687863461,"spread":0.2737891699313307,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01114776,0.0002445534,0.000332059,0.0005245059,0.00517541,0.00362102,0.0006500946,0.001028987,0.001543438],"category_scores_gemma":[0.009317189,0.0002664695,0.0002214031,0.0005351849,0.005943588,0.002285656,0.004902606,0.002369115,0.0001163558],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001366403,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00305582,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006217284,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.007763111,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9944072,0.004146302,0.000132354,0.0001392379,0.0003428001,0.0008320749],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9906068,0.003703789,0.001077751,0.0002488932,0.000963192,0.003399523],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000581628,0.00006473213,0.02769572,0.00009862021,0.00000787926,0.0005730791,0.9620056,0.00005806232,0.0005633105,0.001362065,0.00085428,0.006658466],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003463078,0.00006851395,0.00650236,0.00008930152,0.000003239607,0.0002051387,0.988808,0.00005019931,0.00006809133,0.0001406418,0.004050485,0.00001045038],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9917317,0.0004069656,0.0003915915,0.001905163,0.00004793697,0.00003833213,0.00001220429,0.000005680917,0.00546034],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988641,0.0002255896,0.0000885667,0.0002426592,0.00001202089,0.00002482365,0.000007220587,0.000002763807,0.0005323378],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01114776,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.05895573,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4213008312","doi":"10.1080/09669582.2022.2039678","title":"Decolonising tourism and development: from orphanage tourism to community empowerment in Cambodia","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Sustainable Tourism","topic":"Tourism, Volunteerism, and Development","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":41,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Tourism; Solidarity; Sociology; Praxis; Empowerment; Transformative learning; Community development; Critical consciousness; Power (physics); Public relations; Political science; Law; Pedagogy","authors":[{"name":"Freya Higgins‐Desbiolles","is_ca":true},{"name":"Regina Scheyvens","is_ca":false},{"name":"Bhanu Bhatia","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01552675849385666,"gpt":0.2760638687833963,"spread":0.2605371102895397,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008698418,0.0001949166,0.0001782271,0.0004313339,0.005027064,0.001970178,0.0004614957,0.0008671018,0.004212572],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006485657,0.0001440611,0.0001239747,0.0004688618,0.006362253,0.001968139,0.006141155,0.001424503,0.0001064558],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.003295671,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.004384052,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02399868,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.06312127,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994362,0.000284712,0.00001058638,0.00002873904,0.00002185109,0.0002179555],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997532,0.00008068451,0.00003928669,0.00001154776,0.00001301567,0.0001022757],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007950217,0.0001102851,0.02113483,0.0007086404,0.00001366142,0.009100113,0.8697176,0.0001942277,0.001535286,0.04159483,0.004296826,0.0515141],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000007419046,0.0001099814,0.02242113,0.0006944046,0.000006599089,0.00108799,0.9390624,0.0001382602,0.0002327848,0.002533892,0.03369493,0.00001011552],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9557156,0.002465632,0.0003037906,0.009878499,0.00007009522,0.00006996152,0.00001755162,0.000005600063,0.03147336],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9957645,0.001419197,0.0001285615,0.000367766,0.000009217991,0.00002066813,0.000006066693,0.000002026407,0.002282011],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02399868,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.04771799,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2741306643","doi":"10.1007/s11266-017-9902-9","title":"How do International Volunteering Characteristics Influence Outcomes? Perspectives from Partner Organizations","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"VOLUNTAS International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations","topic":"Tourism, Volunteerism, and Development","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":41,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Typology; Logistic regression; Duration (music); Service (business); Psychology; Public relations; Social psychology; Applied psychology; Business; Sociology; Marketing; Political science; Medicine","authors":[{"name":"Benjamin J. Lough","is_ca":false},{"name":"Rebecca Tiessen","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01164572621155842,"gpt":0.2909149074016916,"spread":0.2792691811901332,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01717882,0.0001948566,0.000397744,0.001400272,0.001890661,0.003480489,0.0005087684,0.0005205136,0.002255443],"category_scores_gemma":[0.03409519,0.0001423523,0.0002774415,0.001476531,0.002559243,0.002316118,0.002690324,0.001323302,0.0001665783],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008372982,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001184259,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002758213,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003653823,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9924046,0.006032938,0.0001368211,0.0002619324,0.0004408649,0.0007226347],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9597411,0.02481002,0.006697394,0.001177018,0.002723771,0.00485069],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001789721,0.0004245571,0.7868232,0.000155957,0.00007323841,0.0003568688,0.1479675,0.0002991609,0.0003092983,0.008292509,0.002127737,0.05299098],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000176044,0.0002971251,0.5071246,0.0003980515,0.00005528954,0.0003262571,0.4744977,0.0006835332,0.0003979879,0.006129186,0.01003152,0.00004110389],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9872162,0.0003249731,0.0007628101,0.003272742,0.00003003359,0.00001379309,0.0000534065,0.000005449998,0.008320565],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994926,0.0001237536,0.00006942058,0.0001093237,0.00001403235,0.000007877617,0.00001742809,0.0000038178,0.0001617026],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01717882,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.09085137,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}