{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":1638,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":2,"predictions_cover":1638,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12"},"query_hash":"25ac7297e9a6","filters":{"topic":"Ultrasound and Hyperthermia Applications"}},"results":[{"id":"W2807207060","doi":"10.1038/s41467-018-04529-6","title":"Blood–brain barrier opening in Alzheimer’s disease using MR-guided focused ultrasound","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nature Communications","topic":"Ultrasound and Hyperthermia Applications","field":"Engineering","cited_by":941,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Health Sciences Centre; Sunnybrook Hospital; University of Toronto; Sunnybrook Health Science Centre","funders":"National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering; University of Toronto; Sunnybrook Foundation; Sunnybrook Research Institute; Focused Ultrasound Foundation","keywords":"Medicine; Blood–brain barrier; Microbubbles; Ultrasound; Magnetic resonance imaging; Disease; Focused ultrasound; Alzheimer's disease; Amyloid (mycology); Clinical trial; Pathology; Internal medicine; Radiology; Central nervous system","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03903636358439194,"gpt":0.308061353251321,"spread":0.2690249896669291,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001932789,0.0001865734,0.0001702468,0.0001574948,0.0003795953,0.00008492989,0.001053459,0.0002090183,0.0001096239],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002272601,0.0002001856,0.00006903909,0.0006034838,0.0001991909,0.0002118284,0.0001172884,0.0007366396,0.00005529684],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005754922,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007194887,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004757065,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007209301,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998998,0.00007963109,0.0002980548,0.0002055426,0.0001364451,0.0002822747],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9974542,0.0004570994,0.00004249671,0.0017827,0.0001023348,0.0001612187],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004874163,0.001096746,0.1109027,0.00007685998,0.001145443,0.0000151607,0.007612155,0.005860292,0.7412205,0.08761629,0.03663776,0.007767364],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003843712,0.00006905445,0.08575978,0.0004432131,0.001251396,0.0001119033,0.0006751095,0.1346741,0.02137469,0.006455948,0.742511,0.002830078],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9388163,0.02909443,0.001800281,0.003515916,0.0004282719,0.001256727,0.0002301382,0.0009609738,0.02389696],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9830197,0.0002252719,0.01583413,0.0004837084,0.0001339972,0.00009703143,0.0001024526,0.00005827397,0.00004540435],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7198458,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8163331,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1849681763","doi":"10.7863/jum.2012.31.4.623","title":"Overview of Therapeutic Ultrasound Applications and Safety Considerations","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine","topic":"Ultrasound and Hyperthermia Applications","field":"Engineering","cited_by":748,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; Sunnybrook Health Science Centre","funders":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases","keywords":"Medicine; Therapeutic ultrasound; Ultrasound; Medical physics; Intensive care medicine; Surgery; Radiology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.07077255753717576,"gpt":0.3345322523023461,"spread":0.2637596947651704,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008344332,0.000397778,0.002061385,0.0004595139,0.00007249782,0.00002005616,0.0002533157,0.0002733076,0.0004338042],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000214281,0.0002895157,0.0002409437,0.000550868,0.0002967213,0.0001738961,0.00001166843,0.0007624136,0.000009046309],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001333878,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001403633,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000007895354,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001334212,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9972274,0.0001253723,0.001888758,0.0001631102,0.0003204769,0.0002748693],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9941403,0.004487538,0.0006653587,0.0003761163,0.0001503674,0.0001802718],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000997379,0.0003691201,0.0002947877,0.02666491,0.001505298,0.000007695691,0.001579936,0.00008780955,0.001272422,0.02200588,0.00215639,0.9440458],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004009212,0.00005336745,0.0001895807,0.004816142,0.001530017,0.001740802,0.0001370808,0.000001523513,0.00000395602,0.002090662,0.9887899,0.0002460215],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.00003058716,0.9954715,0.001659861,0.00004872055,0.0002137009,0.0006169318,0.00005863804,0.00002365997,0.001876348],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.002964984,0.9953293,0.0008307258,0.00006341095,0.0006038863,0.00006659532,0.00004074283,0.00006725272,0.00003307595],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9866335,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999557,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2921121152","doi":"10.1038/s41598-018-36340-0","title":"Blood-Brain Barrier Opening in Primary Brain Tumors with Non-invasive MR-Guided Focused Ultrasound: A Clinical Safety and Feasibility Study","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Scientific Reports","topic":"Ultrasound and Hyperthermia Applications","field":"Engineering","cited_by":605,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; Queen's University; Health Sciences Centre; Sunnybrook Health Science Centre","funders":"National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering; National Institutes of Health; Hospital for Sick Children; Focused Ultrasound Foundation","keywords":"Medicine; Microbubbles; Temozolomide; Glioma; Chemotherapy; Blood–brain barrier; Doxorubicin; Adverse effect; Ultrasound; Radiology; Nuclear medicine; Surgery; Central nervous system; Internal medicine; Cancer research","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01657351811538436,"gpt":0.2658020092011803,"spread":0.249228491085796,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003516071,0.0002524662,0.0005023139,0.0001546731,0.0002008597,0.0002718292,0.0001965858,0.0000951131,0.0000982104],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004719241,0.0002151891,0.00007822688,0.0006140207,0.0002401184,0.0002866339,0.00006724579,0.0003272046,0.00002187806],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009816749,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002706936,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005884046,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005251573,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9970117,0.0001115158,0.0009965851,0.001066668,0.000412084,0.0004014357],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9976047,0.0007252747,0.000169627,0.001203703,0.0000887572,0.0002079069],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002836109,0.0002930258,0.9368293,0.000063258,0.00006338664,0.0001745769,0.001773097,0.0008008298,0.0588111,0.0000103027,0.0008500316,0.0003026885],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002990741,0.0002620673,0.9869185,0.0001772789,0.0000799316,0.000621761,0.001292703,0.0004053902,0.002886189,0.0005566211,0.003094449,0.0007143376],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9939631,0.00004554409,0.0001563288,0.00008494385,0.000625341,0.002070365,0.000008082812,0.0001384027,0.002907879],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.997459,0.00000344048,0.0008083606,0.00008161874,0.00004013331,0.00007540555,0.0000416433,0.00004299398,0.001447437],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.05592491,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8775156,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2025191689","doi":"10.1227/01.neu.0000360379.95800.2f","title":"Transcranial Magnetic Resonance Imaging– Guided Focused Ultrasound Surgery of Brain Tumors","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Neurosurgery","topic":"Ultrasound and Hyperthermia Applications","field":"Engineering","cited_by":551,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Health Sciences Centre; University of Toronto; Sunnybrook Health Science Centre","funders":"National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering; National Institutes of Health","keywords":"Magnetic resonance imaging; Medicine; Ultrasound; Focused ultrasound; Intraoperative MRI; Ablation; Radiology; Transcranial Doppler; Biomedical engineering; Interventional magnetic resonance imaging","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.009841313428794511,"gpt":0.2046330474138518,"spread":0.1947917339850573,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002356316,0.0002142994,0.0003391234,0.000156909,0.00006868692,0.00003844837,0.0001910303,0.00007644543,0.0003078652],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002640435,0.0002283849,0.0002059059,0.0003754806,0.0001456906,0.0001222465,0.000007197369,0.000306155,0.00003434454],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000008254438,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005036167,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002614957,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002358709,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986435,0.00003169157,0.000500287,0.000257067,0.0002108529,0.0003566634],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99784,0.001477899,0.00005193731,0.0004678981,0.00004982116,0.0001124746],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008918865,0.00005590976,0.03129238,0.0000399532,0.000003677178,0.00001538449,0.0001001197,0.0000759873,0.9339877,0.0002097701,0.01918631,0.01502389],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008091469,0.00003059324,0.5403093,0.00008554837,0.00005631651,0.00045818,0.00002375235,0.002298906,0.09752352,0.000940514,0.3563409,0.001123365],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9955924,0.000515594,0.0002220204,0.0003461829,0.0008506636,0.000159419,0.00006856318,0.0003741251,0.001871057],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988691,0.00006579128,0.0002891297,0.000285729,0.0002015363,0.00004435052,0.00001430585,0.00008098282,0.0001491294],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8364642,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9313268,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3000957625","doi":"10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2019.11.013","title":"Super-resolution Ultrasound Imaging","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology","topic":"Ultrasound and Hyperthermia Applications","field":"Engineering","cited_by":546,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Sunnybrook Health Science Centre; Canada Research Chairs; University of Toronto","funders":"National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering; Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council; Medical Research Council; Horizon 2020 Framework Programme; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft; European Commission; Imperial College London; Canada Research Chairs; National Cancer Institute; European Research Council; Cancer Research UK","keywords":"Ultrasound imaging; Ultrasound; Computer science; Medicine; Radiology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02780133272087235,"gpt":0.3078738294550367,"spread":0.2800724967341643,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003473159,0.0008132021,0.002369508,0.0004478795,0.0001055828,0.00003057782,0.0007002255,0.0004750717,0.0006117443],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008857114,0.0006521231,0.0002916795,0.0009566378,0.0004555891,0.00009763109,0.00003592952,0.001361807,0.000439979],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003383855,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001270256,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001008314,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00008441906,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9969318,0.0001998239,0.001189615,0.0007475223,0.0001717128,0.0007595305],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.996092,0.002876339,0.0001465173,0.000614061,0.00004303513,0.0002280964],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000024995,0.00003938652,0.0001975939,0.002779976,0.0001594607,0.00001958146,0.0003967218,0.0000205189,0.0007388968,0.001704113,0.01007718,0.9838641],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002915239,0.00004772013,0.0000242296,0.001916836,0.0003386728,0.0002821093,0.0001090991,0.00005456348,0.000001557904,0.0007226524,0.9956099,0.0006011617],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.00002522302,0.9866765,0.001544255,0.0001650708,0.0008732349,0.0007608046,0.0001379351,0.0005152538,0.009301706],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.001004516,0.9947342,0.0003540882,0.000228666,0.001458117,0.0003176088,0.001672559,0.0001608638,0.00006943273],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9855327,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999593,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2098208110","doi":"10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2007.12.015","title":"Effect of Focused Ultrasound Applied With an Ultrasound Contrast Agent on the Tight Junctional Integrity of the Brain Microvascular Endothelium","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology","topic":"Ultrasound and Hyperthermia Applications","field":"Engineering","cited_by":495,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Health Sciences Centre; Sunnybrook Health Science Centre; University of Toronto","funders":"National Center for Research Resources; National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering","keywords":"Occludin; Sonication; Tight junction; Blood–brain barrier; Biophysics; Chemistry; Horseradish peroxidase; Claudin; Ultrasound; Central nervous system; Biology; Biochemistry; Neuroscience; Medicine; Chromatography","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01137213996477233,"gpt":0.2272838122303801,"spread":0.2159116722656078,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001061531,0.0004369511,0.0007599782,0.0001547139,0.0002015275,0.000007957169,0.0006609521,0.0002243113,0.000338469],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008390297,0.0002148197,0.000156936,0.0005737734,0.00171855,0.00005327977,0.00001596501,0.0008329066,0.00001192095],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009427864,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007734771,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002191121,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002375848,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9977093,0.0004261212,0.0006516907,0.0004247087,0.0003437105,0.0004445128],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.990363,0.008393945,0.0001832347,0.0008737929,0.00008841868,0.0000975981],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002327379,0.0001753428,0.01974481,0.0000655019,0.0002400398,0.000001519571,0.001223855,0.0004380422,0.9698564,0.005966926,0.00105954,0.0009953068],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01291207,0.006498906,0.2054611,0.0005192829,0.0006010207,0.001281954,0.001215805,0.0001828071,0.717495,0.004926892,0.04737819,0.001527015],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9919418,0.0003117351,0.001253787,0.0004327486,0.0002799405,0.001011169,0.00007074679,0.00008264138,0.004615497],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984477,0.0002834309,0.0001874342,0.0004449239,0.0002381797,0.0001819072,0.0001062733,0.00005302145,0.00005713893],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2523614,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8760095,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2144028661","doi":"10.1016/j.echo.2008.09.009","title":"American Society of Echocardiography Consensus Statement on the Clinical Applications of Ultrasonic Contrast Agents in Echocardiography","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography","topic":"Ultrasound and Hyperthermia Applications","field":"Engineering","cited_by":489,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Toronto Western Hospital; University of Toronto; Toronto General Hospital; University Health Network","funders":"","keywords":"Medicine; Statement (logic); Contrast (vision); Radiology; Internal medicine; Cardiology; Artificial intelligence; Law","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0338021727787946,"gpt":0.2889053003575953,"spread":0.2551031275788007,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001686137,0.0004312056,0.001732263,0.0003949146,0.0002118326,0.00001616043,0.001149997,0.000120652,0.000006309719],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003489259,0.0003029313,0.007779255,0.005588121,0.004238382,0.00007637135,0.00006586085,0.0009829648,0.000001277932],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000802088,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001495746,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001563607,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003132608,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9956317,0.0003955349,0.002121299,0.0003345133,0.001018954,0.0004979892],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.994682,0.001311168,0.002248437,0.001122819,0.000454801,0.0001807741],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001429902,0.0008070531,0.888518,0.0001338073,0.009525267,0.000001813936,0.001407537,0.01751773,0.009157483,0.0001063709,0.06508996,0.007592],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001814123,0.0007085415,0.9670561,0.0002430844,0.000784019,0.00003519135,0.007666209,0.0005832071,0.00328552,0.0005141567,0.016774,0.0005358323],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9893115,0.0009326366,0.007056632,0.0008271701,0.0001628158,0.000903865,0.0002762935,0.00004929184,0.00047985],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9702283,0.02229362,0.006591627,0.000580072,0.0001646143,0.00007024524,0.000004560027,0.00006329004,0.000003664884],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.07853812,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999423,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3093881791","doi":"10.1038/s41582-020-00418-z","title":"Applications of focused ultrasound in the brain: from thermoablation to drug delivery","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Nature Reviews Neurology","topic":"Ultrasound and Hyperthermia Applications","field":"Engineering","cited_by":487,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Health Sciences Centre; Sunnybrook Hospital; University of Toronto; Sunnybrook Health Science Centre","funders":"","keywords":"Neuromodulation; Medicine; Neuroscience; Focused ultrasound; Deep brain stimulation; Medical physics; Ultrasound; Pathology; Psychology; Radiology; Central nervous system","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01645219474880021,"gpt":0.2751073181012455,"spread":0.2586551233524453,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003014528,0.0003872351,0.001491852,0.0001571157,0.00004314345,0.00002073089,0.0008817819,0.0005661633,0.00005783592],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001667893,0.0002643488,0.0003708903,0.001093498,0.00003738553,0.00003889627,0.00003229331,0.001617903,0.0002313481],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002959581,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005149667,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001621868,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001209516,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979282,0.0004395783,0.0008183842,0.0004286148,0.0001460357,0.0002391994],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9965069,0.002416111,0.0002080133,0.0007725156,0.00002802196,0.00006839542],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000001758683,0.00002257172,0.00000317486,0.001526786,0.00003805108,0.00000185673,0.0001848104,0.000008670889,0.00003669766,0.000324295,0.006418589,0.9914327],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00006161778,0.00001511168,0.00002516202,0.0003754171,0.000219953,0.00001653361,0.000002572204,0.000008574437,0.000001187648,0.0002398333,0.9988412,0.0001928238],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.00002508635,0.9943691,0.0004808545,0.0008269993,0.0001067439,0.003147241,0.0001739609,0.00007471957,0.000795265],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0002329819,0.9947588,0.0002643508,0.002246082,0.0003383936,0.001791361,0.0002907968,0.00006894519,0.000008292157],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9924226,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999809,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2976433890","doi":"10.1038/s41467-019-12426-9","title":"First-in-human trial of blood–brain barrier opening in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis using MR-guided focused ultrasound","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nature Communications","topic":"Ultrasound and Hyperthermia Applications","field":"Engineering","cited_by":481,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Health Sciences Centre; Sunnybrook Hospital; University of Toronto; Sunnybrook Health Science Centre","funders":"Sunnybrook Foundation; ALS Society of Canada","keywords":"Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; Medicine; Blood–brain barrier; Magnetic resonance imaging; Multiple sclerosis; Neuroscience; Pathology; Radiology; Central nervous system; Biology; Internal medicine; Immunology; Disease","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03063236157852827,"gpt":0.2779831267951334,"spread":0.2473507652166052,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002759025,0.0001709437,0.0003051772,0.0002554767,0.0001351234,0.0000450286,0.0009021984,0.0002698108,0.00007629763],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001010875,0.000185886,0.00009018731,0.0006183745,0.00007336818,0.0001832906,0.00009501651,0.0008913765,0.0000102901],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008492394,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003494238,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001998354,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001637347,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988378,0.00008834412,0.0004937583,0.0001897294,0.000146778,0.0002435501],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.997861,0.0005209442,0.00007929108,0.001433826,0.00005326585,0.00005162325],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001078961,0.000398498,0.04014251,0.00006163388,0.0001112246,7.920422e-7,0.001571667,0.01687103,0.9332567,0.006960161,0.0003956291,0.0001221921],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.2227745,0.0008001601,0.3949425,0.004100007,0.0008812504,0.0001003246,0.001322912,0.2001034,0.05390295,0.00763109,0.1073741,0.006066714],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9957374,0.001073027,0.00002792468,0.0005323024,0.0001063495,0.0007046885,0.00003145199,0.00008143508,0.001705448],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9951214,0.000246195,0.004236178,0.0001218762,0.00002955514,0.00009134871,0.00006103143,0.00004560516,0.00004682095],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8793538,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7580213,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2132689499","doi":"10.1161/01.cir.0000080326.15367.0c","title":"Imaging Tumor Angiogenesis With Contrast Ultrasound and Microbubbles Targeted to α <sub>v</sub> β <sub>3</sub>","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Circulation","topic":"Ultrasound and Hyperthermia Applications","field":"Engineering","cited_by":447,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research; National Institutes of Health; Pratt Foundation; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada; American Heart Association","keywords":"Microbubbles; Angiogenesis; Medicine; Pathology; Contrast-enhanced ultrasound; Metastasis; Neovascularization; Integrin; Blood volume; Ultrasound; Cancer research; Cancer; Internal medicine; Radiology; Receptor","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.004985255805100997,"gpt":0.1755333677032438,"spread":0.1705481118981428,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001035663,0.0002362133,0.000201141,0.0001389965,0.0001871511,0.0001101813,0.00007007086,0.00005587574,0.000007213906],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003889524,0.0002452589,0.00005160279,0.0003777853,0.00004874839,0.0001635093,0.00000589138,0.00008494722,0.00004233271],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008468626,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000286319,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000007261122,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005015781,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989662,0.00002884611,0.0002260597,0.0003143336,0.0001373451,0.0003271757],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993801,0.00009906335,0.00004494579,0.0002408049,0.00008416166,0.000150883],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004625297,0.00002048544,0.03497376,0.00002825266,0.00004249384,0.000002597946,0.0002264139,0.009199583,0.9515439,0.0002505071,0.000077322,0.003630017],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004501593,0.000008813282,0.2330323,0.00003898486,0.00008103211,0.0001302945,0.0001285498,0.001483897,0.7632642,0.0001861119,0.00079413,0.0004015604],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9679391,0.0007179054,0.03019793,0.00003638553,0.00006946771,0.0004108216,0.00003288252,0.0002729369,0.0003225391],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986957,0.0000437555,0.0008216822,0.0001305187,0.00007167538,0.00008811845,0.0000729175,0.00007434172,0.000001294902],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1980585,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999999,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3004642714","doi":"10.3390/jcm9020460","title":"An Introduction to High Intensity Focused Ultrasound: Systematic Review on Principles, Devices, and Clinical Applications","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Journal of Clinical Medicine","topic":"Ultrasound and Hyperthermia Applications","field":"Engineering","cited_by":434,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Royal University Hospital; University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs; University of Saskatchewan","keywords":"Medicine; High-intensity focused ultrasound; Magnetic resonance imaging; Ultrasound; Therapeutic ultrasound; Radiology; Thermal ablation; Ultrasound energy; Ablation; Focused ultrasound; Medical physics; Internal medicine","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.08213858231796949,"gpt":0.40475184870995,"spread":0.3226132663919805,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00412579,0.0004570215,0.006728038,0.0001788646,0.00006714978,0.00003087379,0.000638033,0.0003854245,0.00004514333],"category_scores_gemma":[0.005904396,0.0002855877,0.0005975325,0.0005436019,0.000155437,0.00009425097,0.00003169215,0.001857967,0.00008543353],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009341475,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000155901,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000002062818,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000006273893,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9922014,0.0005415772,0.006086801,0.0004745554,0.000484699,0.0002109738],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9924333,0.003668901,0.001783218,0.0008714065,0.000370879,0.0008722713],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002189618,0.0002494269,0.00002164181,0.4408857,0.001023409,0.00001428181,0.00002349202,0.000006809769,8.690163e-7,0.0006198759,0.009667259,0.5474653],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000281717,0.000827389,0.00006530555,0.1653778,0.005702611,0.0003363983,0.00001121268,0.0000128382,6.710012e-8,0.0000399079,0.827125,0.0002197234],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.00001245522,0.9888291,0.003554628,0.003964546,0.001025772,0.002415555,0.00002119436,0.00008972599,0.0000870724],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0001083274,0.986077,0.001587874,0.001766206,0.01018356,0.0001283917,0.00005082424,0.00007668194,0.00002115712],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8174578,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999596,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2054714985","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0010549","title":"Antibodies Targeted to the Brain with Image-Guided Focused Ultrasound Reduces Amyloid-β Plaque Load in the TgCRND8 Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"PLoS ONE","topic":"Ultrasound and Hyperthermia Applications","field":"Engineering","cited_by":384,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Occupational Cancer Research Centre; University of Toronto; Sunnybrook Health Science Centre","funders":"National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering; National Institutes of Health; Canadian Institutes of Health Research; Sunnybrook Research Institute","keywords":"Medicine; Antibody; Pathology; Magnetic resonance imaging; Alzheimer's disease; Blood–brain barrier; Immunotherapy; Pharmacology; Disease; Immunology; Central nervous system; Internal medicine; Immune system; Radiology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02749842151106731,"gpt":0.2281023380868545,"spread":0.2006039165757872,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002007566,0.0001824199,0.0002107228,0.00006231381,0.0001051933,0.00006003732,0.0004200936,0.00005113145,0.00002635874],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001373449,0.0001103233,0.00004414753,0.0002547336,0.0001225911,0.0001222032,0.00001803846,0.0002870654,0.00002452038],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001511766,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006437712,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008095043,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004933465,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989653,0.00003076154,0.0002321179,0.0001937025,0.0003296332,0.0002485058],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989657,0.000243852,0.00004104906,0.0005660754,0.00009174516,0.00009159446],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002400422,0.0003564727,0.0004959529,0.00002642421,0.0001624031,8.01723e-7,0.002473,0.007438021,0.9876198,0.0002865967,0.001060015,0.00005657071],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009416895,0.00006546947,0.007805271,0.0001030619,0.0004642029,0.00000383104,0.0006362231,0.03636298,0.9517324,0.0008720868,0.0004081161,0.0006046991],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9947307,0.0001717073,0.0004310202,0.002924284,0.0000129892,0.0006919635,0.0001786204,0.0001249958,0.0007337802],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9933557,0.00005215568,0.005862018,0.0002549839,0.00007095044,0.0002364903,0.00002559608,0.00004429157,0.00009782994],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03588737,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4498855,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2787116350","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-123931","title":"How to perform Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound (CEUS)","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Ultrasound International Open","topic":"Ultrasound and Hyperthermia Applications","field":"Engineering","cited_by":365,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Foothills Medical Centre; University of Calgary; University of Toronto; Sunnybrook Health Science Centre","funders":"","keywords":"Contrast-enhanced ultrasound; Ultrasound; Medical diagnosis; Medical physics; Medicine; Contrast (vision); Radiology; Ultrasonography; Computer science; Artificial intelligence","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03529415722350027,"gpt":0.3113006756477694,"spread":0.2760065184242691,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","scholarly_communication","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003028053,0.0008557677,0.001453487,0.0003366292,0.000235022,0.002291034,0.003686609,0.000428333,0.002414918],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004533825,0.0007643586,0.0004877197,0.0005080136,0.0001181101,0.0007727193,0.0002280568,0.0005810374,0.002833373],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005812364,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001729042,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003503885,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001131365,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9971281,0.00005201384,0.0008077984,0.0008517214,0.0005302229,0.0006301504],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9972465,0.0009693363,0.0002188396,0.0009212394,0.0002845658,0.0003595266],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002917327,0.0003146272,0.0000153674,0.002718291,0.003455953,0.00000938534,0.0008069201,0.00007790003,0.001950681,0.007770135,0.1506565,0.832195],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002717944,0.00005101064,0.0000112775,0.001747366,0.0002626342,0.000162414,0.00007395357,0.00001474849,0.0001430894,0.0002342513,0.9960974,0.0009299915],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0001500085,0.8229733,0.005682801,0.0002006302,0.003291513,0.004060142,0.001729383,0.000602897,0.1613094],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.001720219,0.9780005,0.002340918,0.0002487592,0.002069532,0.001500855,0.001479844,0.000275072,0.01236435],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.845441,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9994807,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2012099137","doi":"10.1038/nnano.2015.25","title":"In situ conversion of porphyrin microbubbles to nanoparticles for multimodality imaging","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nature Nanotechnology","topic":"Ultrasound and Hyperthermia Applications","field":"Engineering","cited_by":363,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Sunnybrook Health Science Centre; Princess Margaret Cancer Centre; University Health Network; University of Toronto; Ontario Institute for Cancer Research","funders":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","keywords":"Microbubbles; Nanoparticle; Photoacoustic imaging in biomedicine; Materials science; Ultrasound; Nanotechnology; Optics; Radiology; Medicine","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008294229717131977,"gpt":0.2449206254993831,"spread":0.2366263957822512,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001048147,0.00008635977,0.0001537846,0.0001615804,0.00001552552,0.000004049724,0.0001640501,0.0002704176,0.000003522315],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008626345,0.00008660762,0.00002913802,0.0002623882,0.00004218333,0.00005214003,0.00002703828,0.0001989409,0.00001050363],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005701706,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001695995,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000163857,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004997309,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994665,0.000006395173,0.0001546984,0.0001405294,0.00005255722,0.0001793626],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996384,0.00005109635,0.00002074356,0.0001876219,0.00006143754,0.00004071994],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000147558,0.00002720741,0.0005698337,0.00002630868,0.000005407557,9.488632e-7,0.0001207261,0.0004607325,0.9939284,0.001875227,0.001289458,0.001680961],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005454986,0.00001863763,0.0002186518,0.00001089252,0.000005855271,0.000005977447,0.0001323812,0.0008888508,0.9667435,0.002548005,0.02878344,0.00009833001],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9942374,0.000571872,0.002528348,0.001880255,0.0001413371,0.000284679,0.00002062699,0.0001771602,0.0001583744],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9900361,0.000007844088,0.009697274,0.000158951,0.00001812072,0.00004619418,0.000006290883,0.00001512084,0.00001410817],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02749398,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3531756,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2321506715","doi":"10.1097/00004424-200001000-00007","title":"Pulse Inversion Imaging of Liver Blood Flow","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Investigative Radiology","topic":"Ultrasound and Hyperthermia Applications","field":"Engineering","cited_by":355,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; Health Sciences Centre; Sunnybrook Health Science Centre","funders":"","keywords":"Second-harmonic imaging microscopy; Microbubbles; Scanner; Computer science; Ultrasound; Optics; Biomedical engineering; Physics; Medicine; Acoustics; Second-harmonic generation; Laser","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.00989049419242387,"gpt":0.1932164986619868,"spread":0.1833260044695629,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00004604,0.0001014752,0.0001557321,0.00005060329,0.00004065908,0.000003886743,0.0001158444,0.0000556306,0.0009430794],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001741325,0.00009841764,0.00003989528,0.0001336509,0.0003663698,0.00007098671,0.000006895328,0.0001143765,0.0001377279],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000160182,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000014564,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003552354,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000007754917,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994897,0.00003639352,0.0001469642,0.000126322,0.00004434596,0.0001562375],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996582,0.00007910023,0.00001824596,0.0001516987,0.00002188855,0.00007081088],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001184531,0.00008476171,0.01693204,0.00008795074,0.0002319809,0.00002562614,0.00406641,0.01869068,0.889299,0.004303996,0.007155525,0.05911023],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003032526,0.0002416111,0.1076601,0.0001684344,0.0003947513,0.0006400602,0.0003494689,0.3220325,0.4530565,0.03196114,0.07898075,0.001482191],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9874579,0.0008550345,0.0002579228,0.0001372854,0.0000410124,0.00009318867,0.0000203253,0.0001272175,0.01101016],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9955364,0.0002726909,0.003760333,0.0001855988,0.00006718269,0.00001744625,0.00001994091,0.00001681226,0.0001235632],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4362424,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999702,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2052120911","doi":"10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2008.10.013","title":"Sonoporation by Ultrasound-Activated Microbubble Contrast Agents: Effect of Acoustic Exposure Parameters on Cell Membrane Permeability and Cell Viability","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology","topic":"Ultrasound and Hyperthermia Applications","field":"Engineering","cited_by":354,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Sunnybrook Health Science Centre; Health Sciences Centre; University of Toronto","funders":"University of Warwick","keywords":"Sonoporation; Microbubbles; Pulse repetition frequency; Ultrasound; Permeability (electromagnetism); Pulse duration; Membrane permeability; Materials science; Biomedical engineering; Viability assay; Pulse (music); Biophysics; Sound pressure; Membrane; Chemistry; Cell; Medicine; Acoustics; Optics; Biology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008685519869271704,"gpt":0.2227853542510994,"spread":0.2140998343818276,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005215624,0.0003788952,0.0007310039,0.0001275883,0.000109643,0.000007738456,0.000191122,0.0002721937,0.0001614835],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005309682,0.0003035673,0.00006632647,0.0003010978,0.0007489521,0.00008861204,0.000010195,0.000432758,0.000009902015],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001201293,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002752869,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000226589,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003297425,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998075,0.0002535593,0.0006256401,0.0004962204,0.0001388442,0.0004107417],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9960986,0.003156979,0.0001243313,0.0004278624,0.00005868836,0.0001335171],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008827939,0.000179406,0.03741543,0.0002129095,0.0000265845,0.00000116532,0.0007482954,0.00123604,0.959061,0.000005735207,0.0007073051,0.000317886],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005459922,0.002866494,0.03404373,0.00008610537,0.0001499472,0.00008161349,0.0004845224,0.0005579668,0.9519489,0.0002374353,0.00336752,0.0007158758],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9958574,0.0005996904,0.0009151883,0.00005609835,0.000176389,0.0007704994,0.0001167092,0.0001201418,0.001387869],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9981299,0.0009869304,0.000199794,0.0001102881,0.00005265899,0.00009258092,0.0003546289,0.00003696257,0.00003623812],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.007112095,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999416,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2906406205","doi":"10.1109/tbme.2018.2889669","title":"A Review of Low-Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound for Therapeutic Applications","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering","topic":"Ultrasound and Hyperthermia Applications","field":"Engineering","cited_by":353,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound; Therapeutic ultrasound; Ultrasound; Biomedical engineering; Neuromodulation; Medicine; Intensity (physics); Materials science; Stimulation; Radiology; Internal medicine","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02197359903941848,"gpt":0.2757527912550436,"spread":0.2537791922156251,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002020731,0.0005061358,0.001365779,0.0003171131,0.00009116432,0.00001788173,0.0004137556,0.000399911,0.00009987985],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000136372,0.0004513082,0.0007845656,0.0008289021,0.0001285927,0.00004792755,0.000001202922,0.0004764063,0.00008286864],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001455551,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009371874,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00000164398,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":7.403826e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981332,0.0000156444,0.0008575463,0.0003829493,0.0002293367,0.0003812995],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983485,0.0005912622,0.0001054067,0.0006320357,0.0001172104,0.0002055353],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003697786,0.0002477222,5.754097e-9,0.255104,0.0008444143,4.320871e-7,0.00002303187,0.0005375339,0.0004038669,0.00005406027,0.00145802,0.7413232],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001347539,0.00004742846,4.80611e-8,0.0354755,0.0008297174,0.00003651919,0.000002030539,0.001462575,0.0002237874,0.00001258357,0.9613709,0.0004040913],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[1.230716e-7,0.5128489,0.4851403,0.000009495525,0.0002807584,0.001076767,0.0003684681,0.0002465642,0.00002863926],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00008784707,0.994664,0.001438744,0.00008095722,0.0002657383,0.003089837,0.0001728226,0.0001573669,0.00004270362],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.959913,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997939,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2018995583","doi":"10.1615/critrevbiomedeng.v34.i6.20","title":"Thermal Therapy, Part 1: An Introduction to Thermal Therapy","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Critical Reviews in Biomedical Engineering","topic":"Ultrasound and Hyperthermia Applications","field":"Engineering","cited_by":343,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Institute of Population and Public Health; University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Hyperthermia; Cancer therapy; Hyperthermia therapy; Medical physics; Medicine; Intensive care medicine; Cancer; Internal medicine","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04365207242827611,"gpt":0.3277257858588861,"spread":0.28407371343061,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008478244,0.000814693,0.002032577,0.0004419325,0.00009461528,0.00009072784,0.0007437673,0.0004516744,0.0002805339],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002256498,0.0006357991,0.0004639009,0.001166039,0.0001146544,0.0001379801,0.00006750412,0.001225079,0.0002003467],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002546269,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006543348,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00000602532,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001199934,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9964317,0.0001930894,0.00138051,0.0007218706,0.0004182065,0.000854639],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982865,0.000326205,0.00005321572,0.0008350887,0.00003394593,0.0004650709],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000002109696,0.0001800136,2.154517e-7,0.00246396,0.00003329168,0.000008670417,0.00003564686,0.0009522336,0.0003941561,0.0006098837,0.002590484,0.9927293],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001495113,0.0000839031,0.000004003557,0.001728948,0.00005338268,0.00002536061,0.00000292013,0.001014325,0.000007753491,0.00001267762,0.9962281,0.0006891037],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.000071275,0.9934034,0.002901002,0.0002783037,0.001230336,0.001438798,0.00006572349,0.0004483819,0.0001628337],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00009336856,0.991051,0.001121778,0.0001292146,0.004634579,0.002382097,0.0003183532,0.0002316294,0.00003793643],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9936376,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996094,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2108277337","doi":"10.1016/j.expneurol.2013.05.008","title":"Amyloid-β plaque reduction, endogenous antibody delivery and glial activation by brain-targeted, transcranial focused ultrasound","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Experimental Neurology","topic":"Ultrasound and Hyperthermia Applications","field":"Engineering","cited_by":337,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Canada Research Chairs; University of Toronto; Sunnybrook Health Science Centre; University of New Brunswick","funders":"National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering; Canadian Institutes of Health Research; National Institutes of Health","keywords":"Microglia; Internalization; Antibody; Endogeny; Immunohistochemistry; Pathology; Blood–brain barrier; Alzheimer's disease; Medicine; Neuroscience; Immunology; Chemistry; Central nervous system; Biology; Inflammation; Cell; Endocrinology; Biochemistry; Disease","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.007818690169410834,"gpt":0.2057398606380472,"spread":0.1979211704686364,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000248428,0.0002015906,0.0001689773,0.00005988496,0.0001648693,0.00004860904,0.0001074302,0.0001462139,0.0003506994],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000005888775,0.0002169985,0.0000438326,0.00009335059,0.0001174114,0.0002447014,0.00001011327,0.0001921546,0.00006527433],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002422326,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009689387,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002131568,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003230052,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990951,0.00004102687,0.0001992316,0.0002867898,0.00009234429,0.0002855383],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995968,0.0001014345,0.00002745197,0.0001562948,0.00001932217,0.00009868804],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003361447,0.00009043175,0.0001143466,0.000004687225,0.00002837464,0.000001462486,0.00079736,0.00008117879,0.9952341,0.00008952852,0.003088682,0.000436269],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001129689,0.0003123432,0.001171126,0.000001946296,0.000007971036,0.0003388665,0.0001799938,0.000348099,0.9845504,0.0001191034,0.01154386,0.000296591],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9967224,0.0005022068,0.0005947927,0.0005289072,0.0002666602,0.0004254652,0.00002825141,0.0002733956,0.0006579286],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998737,0.00008917119,0.0001602132,0.0004508194,0.0002152,0.0001467615,0.0001175933,0.00005002179,0.00003320689],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01068365,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8848941,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3010731429","doi":"10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2020.01.002","title":"Ultrasound-Responsive Cavitation Nuclei for Therapy and Drug Delivery","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology","topic":"Ultrasound and Hyperthermia Applications","field":"Engineering","cited_by":337,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Sunnybrook Health Science Centre; University of Toronto","funders":"National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke; National Institute of General Medical Sciences; Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council; Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek; Phospholipid Research Center; European Research Council; Vlaamse regering; European Commission; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; Canada Excellence Research Chairs, Government of Canada; National Institutes of Health; U.S. Department of Health and Human Services","keywords":"Cavitation; Ultrasound; Drug delivery; Medicine; Drug; Materials science; Radiology; Pharmacology; Nanotechnology; Acoustics; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03571655960208173,"gpt":0.3082461911510664,"spread":0.2725296315489846,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003711875,0.0006056979,0.001782039,0.0003209549,0.0001059534,0.00002604319,0.0003397337,0.0004066118,0.00009490923],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006750398,0.0004714177,0.0001909331,0.0004425956,0.0003369511,0.00007388323,0.00001567874,0.0006045525,0.00003793417],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001450282,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001143798,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008377216,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00008940727,"domain_scores_codex":[0.997833,0.0001792818,0.0007982733,0.0005960265,0.0001007121,0.0004927363],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9920893,0.007181565,0.0001594706,0.0003317353,0.00007080557,0.0001671202],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002034871,0.00002812351,0.00004282592,0.001806025,0.0002183293,0.000003069234,0.001298693,0.000004859288,0.002243191,0.001136037,0.00481507,0.9883834],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006296355,0.0001473721,0.00005182872,0.0009719831,0.0002194704,0.000111674,0.0002032375,0.0000158231,0.000006700473,0.00138865,0.9957985,0.0004551311],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.001434565,0.9949279,0.0003654693,0.0001810222,0.0004368257,0.001636195,0.0002859103,0.0002077256,0.0005244126],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.001245698,0.9946988,0.0007864203,0.000331676,0.0007151261,0.0007518743,0.001288298,0.0001286618,0.0000534554],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9909834,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997737,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2062437832","doi":"10.1161/01.cir.0000044916.05919.8b","title":"Noninvasive Assessment of Angiogenesis by Ultrasound and Microbubbles Targeted to α <sub>v</sub> -Integrins","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Circulation","topic":"Ultrasound and Hyperthermia Applications","field":"Engineering","cited_by":332,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; Canadian Institutes of Health Research; National Institutes of Health; Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada; American Heart Association","keywords":"Microbubbles; Angiogenesis; Matrigel; Integrin; Medicine; Alpha (finance); Intravital microscopy; Neovascularization; Pathology; Ultrasound; Microcirculation; Internal medicine; Receptor; Surgery","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.006732304853458087,"gpt":0.2091735429402534,"spread":0.2024412380867954,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00005931587,0.000100698,0.0001177449,0.00006762982,0.00005153477,0.000019782,0.00004096317,0.00005734641,0.00001495549],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002256302,0.0001088102,0.0000360439,0.0002082059,0.0000179421,0.00006089193,0.000003374833,0.00004102867,0.000007363546],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000539792,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001750006,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000007181261,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001300761,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994929,0.00001650354,0.0001540778,0.0001363443,0.00007901323,0.0001211847],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996528,0.00007574186,0.00002720037,0.0001333423,0.00004968411,0.00006125613],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[3.415139e-7,0.00001917308,0.02677689,0.00001931079,0.00003002277,1.637973e-7,0.0001300698,0.006840181,0.9645743,0.0006657107,0.000261569,0.0006822514],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00018061,0.00001033369,0.2424531,0.0000163617,0.00004120101,0.00001657599,0.0001071786,0.0008556809,0.7542592,0.0001981167,0.001667764,0.0001938881],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9536032,0.0003552012,0.04478076,0.00001224915,0.00004185302,0.0001988198,0.00004097467,0.00006547404,0.0009014755],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.997932,0.00007935401,0.001825089,0.00002464683,0.00001417618,0.00003630511,0.00006262746,0.00002201457,0.000003742982],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2156762,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4437149,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4205392019","doi":"10.1016/j.clinph.2021.12.010","title":"Non-invasive transcranial ultrasound stimulation for neuromodulation","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Clinical Neurophysiology","topic":"Ultrasound and Hyperthermia Applications","field":"Engineering","cited_by":329,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Toronto Rehabilitation Institute; University of Toronto; York University; University Health Network","funders":"National Institute on Drug Abuse; Medical Research Council; Canadian Institutes of Health Research; Boehringer Ingelheim Stiftung; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft; UK Research and Innovation","keywords":"Neuroscience; Neuromodulation; Transcranial magnetic stimulation; Human brain; Deep brain stimulation; Brain activity and meditation; Neurophysiology; Functional magnetic resonance imaging; Brain stimulation; Stimulation; Electroencephalography; Neurostimulation; Psychology; Medicine; Pathology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.07961909827025185,"gpt":0.3683737303832358,"spread":0.2887546321129839,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008348528,0.000424291,0.001761977,0.00007592163,0.0001021926,0.00003350198,0.0002891596,0.0006010656,0.00005315942],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003314161,0.0003953697,0.001093309,0.0002420512,0.0001107323,0.00005465957,0.00001813528,0.0005692967,0.0001176409],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002506728,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001192246,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":8.100675e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001764048,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9976875,0.0001668342,0.001104523,0.0006461178,0.00008024335,0.0003147638],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9946886,0.004424638,0.000154575,0.0005301078,0.00008626443,0.0001157848],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001220687,0.0002120843,0.000004168787,0.006201404,0.000323618,0.00001149698,0.0000233372,0.002527962,0.002496225,0.0003055103,0.001201261,0.9866807],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004191408,0.0002189224,0.0003492877,0.0005851388,0.0008159681,0.00002695412,0.000001514001,0.001065823,0.00000448385,0.0002506885,0.9957985,0.0004636106],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.003401956,0.9837214,0.006356192,0.00001953653,0.003095227,0.002404811,0.0003544412,0.0004318494,0.0002145377],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00206698,0.9937956,0.0004618636,0.0001044693,0.001637953,0.0003432701,0.001371988,0.0001623791,0.00005548758],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9945972,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998498,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2888291143","doi":"10.1016/j.brs.2018.08.013","title":"Low-intensity ultrasound neuromodulation: An overview of mechanisms and emerging human applications","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Brain stimulation","topic":"Ultrasound and Hyperthermia Applications","field":"Engineering","cited_by":322,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Toronto Western Hospital; University of Toronto; University Health Network","funders":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft; University of Manitoba","keywords":"Neuromodulation; Neuroscience; Human brain; Medicine; Transcranial Doppler; Sonication; Ultrasound; Psychology; Central nervous system; Radiology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.06867594226622746,"gpt":0.3367658763831274,"spread":0.2680899341168999,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001915752,0.0003355091,0.0007514742,0.0001844287,0.0001995085,0.00005126167,0.0001879381,0.0002398329,0.00006678921],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000252327,0.0003441125,0.0001527533,0.0003810619,0.00007008509,0.0001773456,0.00002807827,0.0001755997,0.00002451207],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005008103,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002397427,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008319373,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001280883,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985908,0.00005910706,0.0006059661,0.0003879765,0.000173045,0.0001831509],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987797,0.0002389827,0.0002057104,0.0005651406,0.0001160836,0.00009443566],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004161272,0.0002071732,0.00001961338,0.02383699,0.0003112641,0.000001137592,0.0004683394,0.004717183,0.003843989,0.03603924,0.0005161709,0.9300348],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003344994,0.0001160574,0.0006872771,0.003233674,0.000876444,0.00007938024,0.00002792294,0.01097644,0.00006128642,0.01048771,0.9720346,0.001084755],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0005710358,0.9304006,0.06634697,0.00001099493,0.0001200122,0.001643644,0.0001257247,0.0004132356,0.000367771],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.009366279,0.9850538,0.003265367,0.00003312269,0.0004028002,0.0002861787,0.001382046,0.0001448931,0.00006555653],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9715184,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999011,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2105215686","doi":"10.1148/radiology.215.1.r00ap08153","title":"Harmonic Hepatic US with Microbubble Contrast Agent: Initial Experience Showing Improved Characterization of Hemangioma, Hepatocellular Carcinoma, and Metastasis","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Radiology","topic":"Ultrasound and Hyperthermia Applications","field":"Engineering","cited_by":321,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Toronto General Hospital","funders":"","keywords":"Medicine; Vascularity; Mechanical index; Hepatocellular carcinoma; Hemangioma; Second-harmonic imaging microscopy; Metastasis; Radiology; Pathology; Nuclear medicine; Microbubbles; Ultrasound; Cancer; Internal medicine","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01082252283419176,"gpt":0.1990911757985293,"spread":0.1882686529643376,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00004101379,0.0001359131,0.0002519956,0.0000509871,0.0000605575,0.00001300837,0.00008489744,0.00006535531,0.0001675572],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000002836138,0.0001236826,0.00003356096,0.0001115146,0.0001044692,0.00009173788,0.00000642849,0.00006743359,0.000006225894],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002182181,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001359778,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005521244,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008913955,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999354,0.00002605415,0.0002001307,0.0001747453,0.00004099538,0.0002040792],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996969,0.000032509,0.00003266058,0.0001640332,0.0000191825,0.00005471299],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001908724,0.00001824639,0.01557011,0.0000352703,0.00005652069,0.000006073151,0.0008634459,0.00005367056,0.9802827,0.00003730417,0.000002288135,0.003055345],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002240492,0.0003165833,0.1418947,0.00005171822,0.0002800813,0.0007544452,0.0002079261,0.08793845,0.7612343,0.00004589905,0.004274885,0.0007604305],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.995922,0.000452739,0.00308893,0.00001715719,0.00003247215,0.000251569,0.00003564126,0.00006401905,0.0001354285],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991191,0.0001303099,0.0004512968,0.00003834483,0.00004032147,0.00009510823,0.00007081029,0.00002474259,0.00002995421],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2190483,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5043631,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2322473773","doi":"10.1586/14737175.2015.1028369","title":"Focused ultrasound-mediated drug delivery through the blood–brain barrier","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics","topic":"Ultrasound and Hyperthermia Applications","field":"Engineering","cited_by":318,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; Sunnybrook Health Science Centre","funders":"National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering","keywords":"Blood–brain barrier; Microbubbles; Drug delivery; Medicine; Drug delivery to the brain; Focused ultrasound; Drug; Brain disease; Pharmacology; Neuroscience; Disease; Ultrasound; Central nervous system; Pathology; Nanotechnology; Psychology; Internal medicine","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04138918450051791,"gpt":0.3188473831152719,"spread":0.277458198614754,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003983878,0.0007713902,0.00211665,0.00007177803,0.0001076993,0.00004907732,0.001123087,0.0002493891,0.0002389435],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001178977,0.0004942988,0.000826795,0.0007108013,0.0001910884,0.0001089397,0.00004734544,0.0006829335,0.0001699897],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006978685,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002631787,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001397445,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005062976,"domain_scores_codex":[0.997035,0.0003735952,0.001215808,0.0004206372,0.0004840542,0.000470894],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9964659,0.001511054,0.0003229226,0.001405766,0.0001507404,0.0001435853],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000001593048,0.0001345027,4.694154e-7,0.05824963,0.000963431,0.00000726488,0.0008259139,0.000004302637,0.0002485215,0.000287075,0.08762664,0.8516507],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001488181,0.00002358213,1.129866e-7,0.01707696,0.0008133253,0.00007912582,0.00001409293,0.000008261293,0.00001873437,0.00005019783,0.9812865,0.0004803493],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.000001874853,0.9949075,0.0001140868,0.0003589123,0.0003758238,0.002026762,0.0002225764,0.000278807,0.00171366],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.000001135355,0.9930384,0.000514432,0.004598408,0.0003941401,0.0006947622,0.000173908,0.0002836871,0.0003011898],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8936598,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997509,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2142945000","doi":"10.1016/j.crad.2010.02.013","title":"Molecular ultrasound imaging: current status and future directions","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Clinical Radiology","topic":"Ultrasound and Hyperthermia Applications","field":"Engineering","cited_by":301,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"FujiFilm VisualSonics (Canada)","funders":"National Cancer Institute; Canary Foundation; National Institutes of Health; National Pancreas Foundation","keywords":"Molecular imaging; Ultrasound; Medicine; Ultrasound imaging; Molecular probe; Microbubbles; Contrast-enhanced ultrasound; Biomedical engineering; Radiology; Chemistry; In vivo; Biotechnology; Biology; Gene; Biochemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02922769018147458,"gpt":0.3596313932910057,"spread":0.3304037031095311,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001963462,0.0003652522,0.001270456,0.00009596987,0.00008375823,0.00003463662,0.0002224563,0.0005988468,0.00006711656],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001675674,0.0003038255,0.0004067003,0.0001708728,0.0003060046,0.00003141873,0.00002952092,0.001796448,0.00009923855],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003495575,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009296324,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000001470707,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005468858,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982277,0.0001428227,0.0007271119,0.0004553826,0.0000568216,0.0003902126],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.997824,0.001264138,0.0001031872,0.0005042077,0.00002908262,0.0002754576],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[3.646082e-7,0.00002931773,0.00009098912,0.0004602508,0.00008226307,0.000002495569,0.00001109809,5.316705e-7,0.000003107575,0.001111602,0.0007814321,0.9974266],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001011724,0.00001201501,0.0001326881,0.0001520139,0.0004296842,0.0002326008,0.000003712427,0.00001194324,1.036986e-7,0.0002956429,0.9983209,0.0003074703],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0001545875,0.9947072,0.0001924691,0.00004068366,0.003137638,0.0003536463,0.00007785838,0.0002775854,0.00105837],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00003133174,0.9970325,0.0002621171,0.00003857226,0.002148855,0.0001640209,0.000223224,0.00008160828,0.00001774694],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9975395,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999414,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2094514360","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0027877","title":"Targeted Delivery of Neural Stem Cells to the Brain Using MRI-Guided Focused Ultrasound to Disrupt the Blood-Brain Barrier","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"PLoS ONE","topic":"Ultrasound and Hyperthermia Applications","field":"Engineering","cited_by":291,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; Sunnybrook Health Science Centre","funders":"National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering; Canadian Institutes of Health Research; National Institutes of Health; Alzheimer's Association","keywords":"Neural stem cell; Stem cell; Nestin; Transplantation; Medicine; Pathology; Blood–brain barrier; Neurosphere; Adult stem cell; Doublecortin; Stem cell marker; Biology; Neuroscience; Endothelial stem cell; Cell biology; Hippocampus; Central nervous system; Surgery; Dentate gyrus","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05070110265989467,"gpt":0.2124060031210467,"spread":0.161704900461152,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001942399,0.0001874367,0.0002247689,0.00006342855,0.0001606715,0.0000385424,0.0004545229,0.00006325476,0.0001553598],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004997071,0.0001276863,0.00007923991,0.0003774824,0.00004819101,0.00007759377,0.00004562673,0.000163922,0.00007148627],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002735866,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002021033,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001338602,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001014741,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988777,0.00006182973,0.00029645,0.000205132,0.0002435734,0.0003153283],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987121,0.0004347568,0.00004189622,0.0005962778,0.00007737108,0.000137641],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009204399,0.0001549082,0.0005489858,0.00002791609,0.0002229798,0.000001022006,0.00443737,0.002317719,0.9909009,0.0001004924,0.001089057,0.0001894389],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003859817,0.00009132237,0.00283211,0.00007084775,0.0003211447,0.000007575269,0.0005720927,0.007173755,0.986218,0.00008749591,0.001854997,0.0003847269],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9963318,0.0001232084,0.001287723,0.0007752254,0.00005836473,0.0007533457,0.00009934977,0.0001338217,0.0004372214],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9950176,0.000008373239,0.003402215,0.0009130557,0.0001209289,0.0000927021,0.000004345206,0.00006065405,0.0003801629],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.004856036,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5206897,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2131358222","doi":"10.1148/radiol.14140245","title":"Alzheimer Disease in a Mouse Model: MR Imaging–guided Focused Ultrasound Targeted to the Hippocampus Opens the Blood-Brain Barrier and Improves Pathologic Abnormalities and Behavior","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Radiology","topic":"Ultrasound and Hyperthermia Applications","field":"Engineering","cited_by":290,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; Sunnybrook Health Science Centre","funders":"National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering; Canadian Institutes of Health Research; National Institutes of Health","keywords":"Medicine; Hippocampus; Magnetic resonance imaging; Ultrasound; Pathology; Nuclear medicine; Radiology; Internal medicine","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01048415988465327,"gpt":0.2243024060324265,"spread":0.2138182461477733,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003071209,0.0001891122,0.0002026018,0.00005662352,0.0001639393,0.00006080537,0.0002214909,0.00006678267,0.00001080456],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001364706,0.0001185168,0.0000343094,0.00007942726,0.0002273374,0.0000771935,0.00004459863,0.0001827671,0.000004943643],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001082432,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001671413,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007156525,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001069581,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990337,0.0001265894,0.0002069797,0.0002568965,0.00005562968,0.0003201375],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990299,0.0004264575,0.00002527196,0.0003689848,0.00001926665,0.0001301479],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008618892,0.0002237682,0.1958367,0.00007135679,0.0002861275,0.00004375787,0.01618425,0.03085737,0.718807,0.01230223,0.005062055,0.02023915],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.006156136,0.0003789446,0.6315392,0.00004557604,0.001989951,0.001393563,0.002067189,0.2894682,0.007533884,0.03699384,0.019451,0.002982545],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9951954,0.001928803,0.0006659029,0.001330154,0.00005278243,0.0005595447,0.0000800764,0.0001095938,0.0000777751],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9973502,0.0001280791,0.000516053,0.001266735,0.00006778128,0.0005343853,0.00001747242,0.00003281408,0.00008653053],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7112732,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4832976,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2154096369","doi":"10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2012.04.015","title":"Improved Anti-Tumor Effect of Liposomal Doxorubicin After Targeted Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption by MRI-Guided Focused Ultrasound in Rat Glioma","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology","topic":"Ultrasound and Hyperthermia Applications","field":"Engineering","cited_by":290,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Sunnybrook Health Science Centre; University of Toronto; Health Sciences Centre","funders":"National Center for Research Resources; National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","keywords":"Doxorubicin; Gliosarcoma; Microbubbles; Blood–brain barrier; Medicine; Glioma; Chemotherapy; Liposome; Drug delivery; Magnetic resonance imaging; Brain tumor; Pharmacology; Ultrasound; Cancer research; Pathology; Central nervous system; Chemistry; Internal medicine; Radiology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.005307093131208382,"gpt":0.2420142546970768,"spread":0.2367071615658684,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001017262,0.0005405945,0.001015756,0.0004598138,0.00005789742,0.00001437898,0.0003351053,0.0003517362,0.0004805231],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001281553,0.0004278585,0.0001237012,0.0008418895,0.0004419571,0.0002358042,0.00002588074,0.0005716595,0.00002457034],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001127576,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000284076,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003761521,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000189786,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9970003,0.0003464379,0.001020805,0.0004765214,0.0001860444,0.0009698316],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9960168,0.003002746,0.0001511089,0.0005353952,0.00005089111,0.0002430524],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007315732,0.0001260027,0.1662075,0.00009193907,0.00006237374,0.000004707097,0.0007431081,0.00002935372,0.8310744,0.00007865523,0.0009428059,0.000565936],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01403862,0.002125358,0.1269595,0.000378321,0.0004273764,0.0005362121,0.0004475607,0.0005208152,0.826582,0.000571535,0.02564574,0.00176703],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.992497,0.004378112,0.000654464,0.0001789224,0.0006377709,0.0009086442,0.0001140557,0.0001646515,0.0004664196],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9978083,0.0002913057,0.0002921363,0.0002372217,0.0004356142,0.0003871641,0.0004163533,0.00008508055,0.00004685654],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03924806,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998173,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1980154864","doi":"10.1088/0031-9155/56/1/014","title":"Multi-frequency characterization of the speed of sound and attenuation coefficient for longitudinal transmission of freshly excised human skulls","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physics in Medicine and Biology","topic":"Ultrasound and Hyperthermia Applications","field":"Engineering","cited_by":285,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Health Sciences Centre; Sunnybrook Health Science Centre; Lakehead University; University of Toronto; Thunder Bay Regional Research Institute","funders":"National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering","keywords":"Acoustics; Attenuation; Materials science; Attenuation coefficient; Human skull; Speed of sound; Hydrophone; Calvaria; Optics; Ultrasound; Skull; Biomedical engineering; Physics; Anatomy; Medicine","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1021419739542802,"gpt":0.3366685482699195,"spread":0.2345265743156393,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007257463,0.0000479458,0.0001394416,0.00002539557,0.00002057687,6.774576e-7,0.00004371186,0.00004266583,0.000003808367],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001260982,0.00003117976,0.00001399197,0.0000707052,0.0001702259,0.00001443213,0.000004386327,0.00005469162,3.06007e-8],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000002041525,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000003903582,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001896112,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001851645,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996837,0.000008289719,0.0001666796,0.00006624552,0.00002622267,0.00004882451],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997593,0.00005695177,0.00005787343,0.00007457395,0.00004019007,0.0000111139],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000340803,0.0000321812,0.01416181,0.00007209785,0.000006285988,6.769246e-9,0.000480798,0.00002487541,0.980128,0.002396802,0.000001111217,0.00269265],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003203089,0.0003295771,0.6298435,0.0001744901,0.00010283,0.0000025717,0.0001636528,0.02605395,0.3226186,0.01706717,0.000263448,0.0001771095],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9695077,0.00004502592,0.0300977,0.00007319184,0.00004310449,0.0001786435,0.00002180575,0.000003867315,0.00002897126],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994126,0.00004425202,0.0004338448,0.00000742456,0.00004670722,0.00000444135,0.00004431804,0.000004205819,0.000002226574],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6575094,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1271474,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2094453116","doi":"10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2007.10.016","title":"Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption Induced by Focused Ultrasound and Circulating Preformed Microbubbles Appears to Be Characterized by the Mechanical Index","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology","topic":"Ultrasound and Hyperthermia Applications","field":"Engineering","cited_by":285,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Health Sciences Centre; University of Toronto; Sunnybrook Health Science Centre","funders":"National Center for Research Resources; National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering","keywords":"Mechanical index; Ultrasound; Microbubbles; Blood–brain barrier; Biomedical engineering; Magnetic resonance imaging; Materials science; Amplitude; Nuclear magnetic resonance; Ultrasonic sensor; Chemistry; Medicine; Physics; Internal medicine; Central nervous system; Optics; Radiology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01780354390823399,"gpt":0.2463361245058897,"spread":0.2285325805976557,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004584725,0.0003552635,0.000509834,0.0001380872,0.0002551568,0.00002461623,0.0003116775,0.0002911806,0.0001076622],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006046609,0.0002524263,0.00005326864,0.0004157575,0.0003134992,0.0001108346,0.00003070952,0.0005428058,0.00001000897],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000736736,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002934992,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002094575,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001205616,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9980742,0.0001406702,0.0005832701,0.0004684181,0.000168437,0.0005649497],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9978449,0.001451917,0.0000840564,0.0003674712,0.00003905895,0.0002126501],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001860949,0.00004463004,0.006015766,0.00001900891,0.00006016884,0.000001178689,0.001604758,0.000009033451,0.9878018,0.000138335,0.001372463,0.002914268],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.02462073,0.003030074,0.1715588,0.0006219841,0.000626146,0.004191516,0.006567115,0.001312766,0.1217059,0.006907371,0.6532509,0.005606706],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9938414,0.0006074306,0.002445915,0.001515319,0.0001451391,0.0008083566,0.0001033931,0.0001689406,0.0003641061],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9960598,0.0005404204,0.0001890957,0.002175495,0.0002177289,0.0003041975,0.0003724185,0.00005693428,0.00008386008],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8660959,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999928,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2114303309","doi":"10.1148/radiol.2281012163","title":"MR Imaging–guided Focused US Ablation of Breast Cancer: Histopathologic Assessment of Effectiveness—Initial Experience","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Radiology","topic":"Ultrasound and Hyperthermia Applications","field":"Engineering","cited_by":279,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal; Hôpital Saint-Luc; Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Medicine; Ablation; Breast cancer; Magnetic resonance imaging; Radiology; Cancer; Tumor ablation; Breast tumor; Nuclear medicine; Internal medicine","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.012556865833872,"gpt":0.2855013726722754,"spread":0.2729445068384034,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001171173,0.00008825641,0.0002212256,0.00005258623,0.0000281283,0.000002143903,0.00008225979,0.00005353463,0.0001031998],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001373115,0.00008425617,0.00004229453,0.0001037063,0.0001092225,0.0000422804,0.000004741239,0.00006439308,0.000001368948],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009737515,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003746264,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005272062,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005732536,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994072,0.0000889771,0.0001972582,0.0001262012,0.00005055948,0.0001297714],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995962,0.0001154264,0.00005730574,0.0001588495,0.00004750196,0.0000246715],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008198629,0.00005374417,0.2235807,0.00007739065,0.00002562594,0.000002977474,0.0003789568,0.00993203,0.7560069,0.007435956,0.00004092294,0.002456603],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009304865,0.00005552694,0.9542704,0.00003485512,0.00004445522,0.0002964204,0.00006047961,0.006010769,0.03530058,0.0008362843,0.001926975,0.0002327462],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9819624,0.0003855932,0.01462824,0.00001343081,0.0001913687,0.0001503734,0.00002948297,0.00005548061,0.002583601],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985003,0.00007444909,0.001246749,0.00001168064,0.00002745262,0.0001141968,0.000009081789,0.00001171999,0.00000437195],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7306898,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3435867,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2597872143","doi":"10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2017.01.023","title":"Mechanical and Biological Effects of Ultrasound: A Review of Present Knowledge","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology","topic":"Ultrasound and Hyperthermia Applications","field":"Engineering","cited_by":279,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Royal University Hospital; University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Ultrasound; Therapeutic ultrasound; Medicine; In vivo; Biological effect; Medical physics; Radiology; Biology; Biotechnology; Internal medicine","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.06033828687713681,"gpt":0.3688329891961286,"spread":0.3084947023189918,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007402576,0.0005457274,0.003849308,0.0002529346,0.00004565337,0.000004936256,0.0006826484,0.0006126526,0.0001137465],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00301968,0.0003567778,0.0002860497,0.0002804851,0.0008433115,0.00003362994,0.00007044751,0.000671004,0.00001324119],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005601512,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009104007,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003917838,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001231858,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9973001,0.0003341992,0.001372533,0.000491221,0.000112477,0.0003894316],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9915816,0.006956485,0.0004379632,0.0008171104,0.00007490598,0.0001319589],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003107517,0.0001380639,0.00005993706,0.1910813,0.0002828029,0.000003605607,0.0001099774,1.465411e-7,0.00159322,0.0026685,0.001931682,0.8021277],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003090381,0.0002558158,0.00006330023,0.07402678,0.0004909201,0.0001281867,0.000007265948,0.000001473237,0.00002546537,0.0006848607,0.9237149,0.0002919877],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0001026807,0.9952078,0.0001451761,0.00002720843,0.0003732098,0.001330412,0.00006519531,0.00005917065,0.002689132],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00125942,0.9975347,0.0001893795,0.00003328051,0.0003102745,0.00031937,0.0002707394,0.00004895132,0.00003390486],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9217832,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998884,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2754309875","doi":"10.7150/thno.21630","title":"Acute Inflammatory Response Following Increased Blood-Brain Barrier Permeability Induced by Focused Ultrasound is Dependent on Microbubble Dose","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Theranostics","topic":"Ultrasound and Hyperthermia Applications","field":"Engineering","cited_by":264,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Sunnybrook Health Science Centre; University of Toronto","funders":"National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering; Canadian Institutes of Health Research; National Institutes of Health","keywords":"Microbubbles; Neuroinflammation; Medicine; Blood–brain barrier; Inflammation; Edema; Vascular permeability; In vivo; Ultrasound; Pathology; Pharmacology; Internal medicine; Central nervous system; Biology; Radiology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01055050139630244,"gpt":0.2370951340673817,"spread":0.2265446326710792,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004769908,0.0003311791,0.0002977159,0.00006360022,0.0004426665,0.000241049,0.0005886274,0.0002341583,0.00007340277],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005398359,0.0003265258,0.0001611126,0.00006090535,0.00008959658,0.0001699206,0.00003852072,0.0003540295,0.00007599789],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001015886,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007725548,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000514249,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002734666,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985379,0.0001090705,0.0003183048,0.000350333,0.0002702641,0.0004141571],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9974979,0.000814735,0.00008310685,0.001354673,0.00004687351,0.0002027075],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001985688,0.00009280034,0.002800285,0.0000141127,0.0003071309,0.00001200116,0.001013795,0.00004310781,0.9942077,0.00004220851,0.0008779627,0.0003903028],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005625845,0.0002366976,0.05244244,0.0001038929,0.0004625851,0.00002434623,0.0001476393,0.0004451858,0.9201347,0.0008933751,0.0182122,0.00127108],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9972665,0.0001101097,0.0002294196,0.0003360621,0.0002190176,0.0004451497,0.0002361701,0.0006462386,0.0005113317],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985679,0.00003540236,0.0002818803,0.0004969326,0.00009482643,0.00006697686,0.00002331014,0.0001711149,0.0002616136],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.07407301,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999187,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2020531776","doi":"10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2007.11.009","title":"Effects of Acoustic Parameters and Ultrasound Contrast Agent Dose on Focused-Ultrasound Induced Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology","topic":"Ultrasound and Hyperthermia Applications","field":"Engineering","cited_by":262,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Sunnybrook Health Science Centre; Health Sciences Centre; University of Toronto","funders":"National Center for Research Resources; National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering","keywords":"Ultrasound; Blood–brain barrier; Contrast (vision); Sonication; White matter; Biomedical engineering; Microbubbles; Mechanical index; Materials science; Magnetic resonance imaging; Medicine; Nuclear magnetic resonance; Central nervous system; Internal medicine; Radiology; Physics; Optics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01412192007036994,"gpt":0.2451480009328461,"spread":0.2310260808624761,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003720828,0.0005147192,0.0008502164,0.0003782281,0.0001562606,0.00001470881,0.0002837607,0.0003586822,0.00008291301],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002301989,0.0004303452,0.00009904923,0.0004785828,0.0008439351,0.000112642,0.00001734878,0.0006214048,0.00002009332],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009354293,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004465278,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002351193,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001263224,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9975672,0.0001920312,0.0007657781,0.0005808155,0.0002423815,0.0006517608],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9899114,0.009167421,0.0001440151,0.0004552584,0.00006140657,0.0002605293],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005319107,0.0002046739,0.01412323,0.0001436265,0.0001566877,0.00002037842,0.002162314,0.0003523338,0.9796973,0.0005822118,0.0004354747,0.002068534],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.02481585,0.007344888,0.7470133,0.001329194,0.001364191,0.002652056,0.001898866,0.0005116923,0.1874925,0.01312175,0.008792374,0.003663339],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9949841,0.001294824,0.001060588,0.0001263007,0.0004441648,0.0008596961,0.00005065751,0.0001816107,0.0009979855],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.995788,0.00264505,0.0003867464,0.0005165134,0.0002269405,0.0001885958,0.0001204844,0.00007185912,0.00005581551],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7922048,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998148,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1969212010","doi":"10.1016/j.echo.2008.07.019","title":"The Safety of Definity and Optison for Ultrasound Image Enhancement: A Retrospective Analysis of 78,383 Administered Contrast Doses","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography","topic":"Ultrasound and Hyperthermia Applications","field":"Engineering","cited_by":261,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Foothills Medical Centre","funders":"","keywords":"Medicine; Ultrasound; Retrospective cohort study; Incidence (geometry); Adverse effect; Mechanical index; Contrast (vision); Contrast-enhanced ultrasound; Intensive care unit; Radiology; Internal medicine; Microbubbles","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01004591498708154,"gpt":0.2321572707769819,"spread":0.2221113557899003,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003983729,0.0001386125,0.000753866,0.0001021224,0.0001963578,0.00001173428,0.0002955758,0.00003592172,0.000002728339],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000602488,0.00009092054,0.001842962,0.001326797,0.001114943,0.00007133767,0.00001937254,0.0001624587,4.417932e-8],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003424364,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000331933,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000030114,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005944435,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988125,0.00005009403,0.0005962309,0.0001020714,0.0002773568,0.0001617308],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9977876,0.0007016062,0.0008535588,0.0003039794,0.0003000563,0.00005320405],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004878364,0.0003104217,0.4857627,0.0001679333,0.03468001,4.891746e-7,0.005497101,0.002433301,0.4627759,0.0002981127,0.004394919,0.003191198],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008705136,0.0004176192,0.970411,0.00005544828,0.002655554,0.00002210791,0.003246421,0.0004686488,0.0200345,0.0003783949,0.001261627,0.000178175],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9750218,0.001267235,0.0228314,0.0001175565,0.00004704712,0.0002084704,0.0002433737,0.00000844272,0.0002547035],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.979766,0.01139431,0.008739402,0.00003464775,0.0000357309,0.000008674908,0.000002264322,0.00001437815,0.000004566388],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4846483,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4108056,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2132996868","doi":"10.1016/s0301-5629(02)00492-1","title":"Ultrasonic spectral parameter characterization of apoptosis","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology","topic":"Ultrasound and Hyperthermia Applications","field":"Engineering","cited_by":259,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Princess Margaret Cancer Centre; Toronto Metropolitan University; Ontario Institute for Cancer Research; University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Transducer; Ultrasound; Materials science; Backscatter (email); Pellets; Radio frequency; Spectral line; Ultrasonic sensor; SIGNAL (programming language); RADIUS; Linear regression; Optics; Region of interest; Physics; Acoustics; Biomedical engineering; Mathematics; Computer science; Statistics; Telecommunications","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01637985427636274,"gpt":0.2315063277830871,"spread":0.2151264735067243,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001141295,0.0001686925,0.0003441659,0.0001699499,0.00002689871,0.000004537938,0.0001761417,0.0001269537,0.001405288],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000176698,0.0001418055,0.00004576184,0.0003563586,0.0002094603,0.00006576355,0.000004966329,0.0002140607,0.0000531926],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000040225,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004341678,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002590749,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001564212,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989872,0.00003711565,0.0004115844,0.0001971246,0.00007545133,0.0002915183],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991301,0.0004820903,0.00005571167,0.0002488647,0.00002557015,0.00005768416],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000265785,0.00004955937,0.01376626,0.00002331037,0.00002509162,2.349934e-7,0.0006256034,0.00003203005,0.9767473,0.00109437,0.0002620848,0.007371504],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.006345634,0.001723955,0.4327666,0.0004974718,0.0003300688,0.0002252308,0.0008341558,0.01008378,0.2689547,0.01237456,0.2634156,0.002448299],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9904585,0.0003521695,0.00210924,0.0002516754,0.0002615333,0.0001807262,0.0000242308,0.0001154003,0.006246547],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9970478,0.001960498,0.0003540115,0.0001436232,0.0002007256,0.00004235452,0.000136173,0.00002409148,0.00009071271],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7077926,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995075,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2144590010","doi":"10.1148/radiol.11100155","title":"Focused Ultrasound Surgery in Oncology: Overview and Principles","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Radiology","topic":"Ultrasound and Hyperthermia Applications","field":"Engineering","cited_by":258,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Sunnybrook Health Science Centre","funders":"National Center for Research Resources; National Cancer Institute; National Institutes of Health","keywords":"Medicine; Medical physics; Ultrasound; MEDLINE; General surgery; Radiology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1246194381288371,"gpt":0.3087364830862424,"spread":0.1841170449574052,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002696486,0.0003152353,0.001699051,0.0002306809,0.00003060947,0.00001003206,0.0001799718,0.0005861953,0.0001315962],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006794449,0.0002709077,0.0001817381,0.0002089506,0.0001039476,0.00003607904,0.00002316649,0.0004034011,0.00008912728],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001354815,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001314082,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001706675,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00008934709,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986757,0.0001471099,0.0005316191,0.0002949326,0.000029712,0.0003209117],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9978475,0.001662557,0.00008970249,0.0003147099,0.000008396869,0.00007716454],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[7.902907e-7,0.00002356924,0.0001269863,0.004123309,0.0001176449,0.00001160028,0.0000960947,0.000002581152,0.000002576192,0.0032346,0.0007059224,0.9915543],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00006107234,0.00001133674,0.0001833552,0.0007779723,0.0001316693,0.0005379141,0.000003498363,0.000004314521,2.350708e-7,0.0002148987,0.9978077,0.0002660484],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0001878382,0.9943916,0.00003013288,0.000005598681,0.0002126122,0.000362613,0.0000320452,0.0001388169,0.004638706],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00006822584,0.9989756,0.0002624356,0.0000239407,0.0001363564,0.0003078112,0.000089191,0.0000654141,0.00007096914],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9971018,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999743,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1991526672","doi":"10.1212/01.wnl.0000338630.20412.45","title":"Role of MRI in the differentiation of ADEM from MS in children","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Neurology","topic":"Ultrasound and Hyperthermia Applications","field":"Engineering","cited_by":251,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"BC Children's Hospital; McMaster Children's Hospital","funders":"","keywords":"Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis; Multiple sclerosis; Medicine; Lesion; Magnetic resonance imaging; Demyelinating Disorder; Encephalomyelitis; Radiology; Pathology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.004967091795378578,"gpt":0.1742178386943878,"spread":0.1692507468990092,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00001561406,0.00003247408,0.00007306127,0.0000355163,0.000005926996,5.18003e-7,0.0000856777,0.00004314788,0.00001712603],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000003024777,0.00002645939,0.000013305,0.00007362969,0.00002001885,0.00001266414,0.000004522294,0.00008864806,0.000002700594],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000001434201,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000234333,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002680482,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002216682,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997405,0.00002178183,0.0001027435,0.00004989131,0.00003143125,0.00005364487],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999821,0.00005906576,0.00001508614,0.00009699062,0.000003164456,0.000004658002],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005908098,0.00004957638,0.9327866,0.000001406216,0.00000621109,2.125285e-7,0.000945174,0.00285558,0.06275195,0.000270929,0.00002157434,0.0003048113],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001406351,0.00001854719,0.9963047,5.895038e-7,0.000002466058,0.000003315506,0.000003931295,0.001595986,0.001326908,0.0004456085,0.0001385565,0.00001874177],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9992555,0.00009701148,0.0000510371,0.00009608178,0.00001111735,0.00006730355,0.000008564854,0.000009772391,0.0004036366],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999789,0.00009599972,0.00001808987,0.00005168537,0.00001672315,0.00001112838,0.00001231542,0.000004537666,5.299209e-7],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.06351805,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1078982,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2070472280","doi":"10.1016/j.ultras.2008.04.004","title":"Progress and problems in the application of focused ultrasound for blood–brain barrier disruption","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Ultrasonics","topic":"Ultrasound and Hyperthermia Applications","field":"Engineering","cited_by":249,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Health Sciences Centre; University of Toronto; Sunnybrook Health Science Centre","funders":"National Center for Research Resources; National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering","keywords":"Blood–brain barrier; Drug delivery; Neuroscience; Central nervous system; Medicine; Focused ultrasound; Drug delivery to the brain; Ultrasound; Biology; Nanotechnology; Materials science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02120105928999672,"gpt":0.2763988745602291,"spread":0.2551978152702324,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002421458,0.0003411312,0.0007220985,0.0001186452,0.00009032773,0.00004141809,0.0003401116,0.0003122239,0.000002501366],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008155889,0.0002498973,0.0002087421,0.0004049134,0.0001351404,0.00007331305,0.000008457433,0.0003004379,0.000003648913],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003987141,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005951566,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000006983321,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004361019,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986188,0.00005517314,0.0005751779,0.0003091236,0.0001655016,0.0002762347],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980156,0.001270697,0.0001670287,0.0004572805,0.00004011555,0.00004930207],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000001697083,0.0001745255,0.0001411246,0.0123277,0.0001762553,4.867333e-7,0.001343722,0.0001346972,0.0001562579,0.003251497,0.0003547294,0.9819373],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002836471,0.00003789741,0.00004043378,0.0008253356,0.0002909869,0.0001209628,0.00003766147,0.0002151845,0.000009754085,0.000358749,0.9974697,0.0003097272],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0003785194,0.9924094,0.003305269,0.00002270759,0.00003823748,0.003296963,0.0002837669,0.00009301191,0.0001721197],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.002467715,0.9922389,0.001232012,0.00001320807,0.00009334266,0.003445337,0.0004040981,0.00008573225,0.00001965235],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.997115,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999954,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2034231369","doi":"10.1016/j.addr.2008.03.010","title":"Ultrasound for drug and gene delivery to the brain","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews","topic":"Ultrasound and Hyperthermia Applications","field":"Engineering","cited_by":247,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Sunnybrook Health Science Centre","funders":"National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering","keywords":"Ultrasound; Focused ultrasound; Drug delivery; Doxorubicin; Medicine; Central nervous system; Animal model; Biomedical engineering; Gene delivery; Blood–brain barrier; Pathology; Chemotherapy; Radiology; Genetic enhancement; Surgery; Internal medicine; Gene; Materials science; Biology; Nanotechnology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02655690234174918,"gpt":0.2785757252606489,"spread":0.2520188229188997,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003372538,0.0007451241,0.0018748,0.0001240844,0.0003526318,0.00006784356,0.0006287351,0.0001416093,0.00002251645],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000114021,0.0005143227,0.0006831127,0.0004645369,0.000071981,0.0001702535,0.00006677893,0.0003860536,0.0004263296],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001374352,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006908076,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009491008,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009454237,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9975756,0.0001275329,0.0009550526,0.0006331423,0.0001575111,0.0005511476],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9970347,0.001510205,0.0001970365,0.0009598896,0.00007224897,0.0002259774],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000001663387,0.00001280292,2.728596e-7,0.003544092,0.00008200704,0.000001211874,0.0001778433,0.0001111171,0.00004965354,0.00003130675,0.06912471,0.9268633],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001319067,0.000009152091,8.46098e-7,0.002432408,0.0003191151,0.0001595675,0.00001715391,0.00001958217,0.000009263242,0.00003539735,0.9962516,0.0006140015],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.00008766956,0.9927128,0.001125617,0.0001046266,0.0003051602,0.00484832,0.0003528986,0.000199638,0.0002632456],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.000004712815,0.9876865,0.006079443,0.0006414298,0.0004239481,0.003586387,0.0002970383,0.0001757565,0.00110483],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9271269,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997308,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2006654193","doi":"10.1118/1.4823762","title":"A super‐resolution ultrasound method for brain vascular mapping","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Medical Physics","topic":"Ultrasound and Hyperthermia Applications","field":"Engineering","cited_by":243,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; Sunnybrook Health Science Centre","funders":"National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering; National Institutes of Health","keywords":"Imaging phantom; Ultrasound; Image resolution; Biomedical engineering; Materials science; Beamforming; Medical imaging; Neuroimaging; Microbubbles; Tomography; Radiology; Medicine; Optics; Computer science; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01287357943678776,"gpt":0.2422992489190021,"spread":0.2294256694822143,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001922938,0.0001136605,0.0001493384,0.00001856913,0.00008591991,0.00003219657,0.0001532561,0.0001012421,0.0002743513],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000187192,0.0001050345,0.0001046425,0.0001436254,0.00003822555,0.0001004208,0.00001054904,0.0001512729,0.0001642867],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003305835,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002148948,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003894927,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004385979,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992049,0.00001808609,0.0001543436,0.0001458207,0.0002261498,0.0002507352],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990054,0.0006041499,0.0000117611,0.0001943068,0.00003981333,0.0001445809],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003735837,0.0003970839,0.000534067,0.0005918843,0.0005960026,0.000001648075,0.003336992,0.00523173,0.2872188,0.02874062,0.2633981,0.4099493],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001674069,0.00005358966,0.002998502,0.0001079297,0.00008891004,0.00002021602,0.0003444071,0.368979,0.01165602,0.08728228,0.5258743,0.0009207724],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.01801827,0.0001361971,0.9793426,0.0007302802,0.0001072476,0.0003429507,0.000009453777,0.0002529639,0.001060003],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9386579,0.0001007961,0.0558943,0.001801576,0.001825343,0.001148781,0.0001768926,0.0001074019,0.000286941],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9234483,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4283181,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1988734118","doi":"10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2004.10.004","title":"Optimising phase and amplitude modulation schemes for imaging microbubble contrast agents at low acoustic power","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology","topic":"Ultrasound and Hyperthermia Applications","field":"Engineering","cited_by":235,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Amplitude; Amplitude modulation; Modulation (music); Pulse (music); Second-harmonic imaging microscopy; Contrast (vision); Pulse-amplitude modulation; Phase (matter); Nonlinear system; Acoustics; Phase modulation; Optics; Microbubbles; Physics; Materials science; Frequency modulation; Computer science; Ultrasound; Telecommunications; Second-harmonic generation; Radio frequency; Phase noise; Laser","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01287174596358635,"gpt":0.2876102480268583,"spread":0.2747385020632719,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001961319,0.0001865784,0.0002737701,0.0001330099,0.0001060939,0.00001759777,0.0001014339,0.00008426844,0.0001857009],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001785873,0.0001668752,0.00002943033,0.0001147699,0.0001724703,0.00009649117,0.00001284808,0.0001303107,0.000008856124],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001166158,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001020265,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001406175,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000414747,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989888,0.0000168645,0.0003211461,0.0002673819,0.00005652524,0.0003492828],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991742,0.0004885913,0.00004389671,0.0001646926,0.00004347841,0.00008513687],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002028728,0.00005500976,0.003859466,0.00003505707,0.00002590529,5.317469e-7,0.0006203352,0.003344206,0.9771467,0.0002030527,0.0009252592,0.01376418],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.02584973,0.000569637,0.02589053,0.0005864993,0.0002954522,0.0004534421,0.001450445,0.3253106,0.0281378,0.003607732,0.5857615,0.002086529],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8865625,0.001666313,0.1102397,0.0003836367,0.0001474848,0.0003783849,0.00004530053,0.0001107446,0.0004659659],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9942369,0.0003149762,0.004414879,0.0004081444,0.0002317903,0.00006493785,0.0002469596,0.00003180595,0.00004953956],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9490089,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6804973,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2047744526","doi":"10.1615/critrevbiomedeng.v34.i6.30","title":"Thermal Therapy, Part 2: Hyperthermia Techniques","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Critical Reviews in Biomedical Engineering","topic":"Ultrasound and Hyperthermia Applications","field":"Engineering","cited_by":232,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Institute of Population and Public Health; University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Hyperthermia; Modalities; Radiation therapy; Treatment modality; Cancer treatment; Medicine; Hyperthermia Treatment; Hyperthermia therapy; Chemotherapy; Medical physics; Cancer therapy; Cancer; Intensive care medicine; Surgery; Internal medicine","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04067842190728867,"gpt":0.3201528653225196,"spread":0.2794744434152309,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005125281,0.0007892391,0.002324057,0.0003594969,0.00004524314,0.00006682678,0.0006280807,0.0007630865,0.0002527005],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003587752,0.0006076834,0.0006006352,0.0008559682,0.0001811582,0.00009602131,0.00005544585,0.001168833,0.0002691633],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001947158,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005787279,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000004556264,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001031445,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9968757,0.00008556927,0.001467247,0.0004976144,0.0002943077,0.0007795652],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983209,0.0006918782,0.00005109316,0.0006296599,0.00002174125,0.0002847348],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[2.620987e-7,0.00006856464,1.717433e-7,0.009431795,0.00002332707,0.00001792555,0.000006409087,0.000009460212,0.0000524364,0.0005396221,0.001687162,0.9881629],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000682508,0.0000173094,7.462631e-7,0.01307389,0.00009036327,0.00002968349,7.003019e-7,0.0003885579,0.000007184255,0.00002496656,0.9856603,0.0006380493],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.000002077132,0.9936497,0.002060058,0.0000323474,0.0004615015,0.0009796526,0.00005053029,0.0007733157,0.001990846],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00001180918,0.9947078,0.002120096,0.00004822507,0.001046788,0.001643764,0.0001546403,0.0002161942,0.000050661],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9875248,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996374,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2085231482","doi":"10.1016/j.ultras.2009.08.015","title":"MRI-guided focused ultrasound treatments","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Ultrasonics","topic":"Ultrasound and Hyperthermia Applications","field":"Engineering","cited_by":231,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; Sunnybrook Health Science Centre; Health Sciences Centre","funders":"","keywords":"Magnetic resonance imaging; Focused ultrasound; Ultrasound; Ultrasound energy; Medicine; Medical physics; Radiology; Therapeutic ultrasound","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03753031453782717,"gpt":0.2914331108074847,"spread":0.2539027962696576,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001026101,0.0008592933,0.0016197,0.0001908235,0.0001527783,0.0001418055,0.0006093371,0.00063183,0.0002221199],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004683339,0.0007471052,0.0007174312,0.0005762344,0.00005633076,0.0001095415,0.0000121636,0.0005840085,0.001198304],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003880278,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001451849,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000006945109,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001041555,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9977476,0.00005144433,0.0007586806,0.0005248525,0.0002703478,0.0006470473],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980999,0.0005225306,0.0001404596,0.0009702377,0.00004017584,0.0002267073],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[4.133765e-7,0.00009374347,0.000001928646,0.00169264,0.0004901987,0.000007213613,0.00006403475,0.00008944486,0.00001372494,0.0005407984,0.009756674,0.9872492],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002214119,0.00002748522,0.000004470999,0.001418818,0.001253265,0.0001881159,0.000005119263,0.00002743084,0.000009318745,0.0001997318,0.9959061,0.0007387798],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.00001106252,0.9812424,0.0005627669,0.000009084992,0.0002911343,0.0009708867,0.0002705606,0.001024517,0.01561759],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00001825863,0.9947968,0.002250749,0.0000363349,0.000314811,0.0002960159,0.0007357959,0.000229949,0.001321254],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9865104,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995794,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2114072420","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0002175","title":"Ultrasound Enhanced Delivery of Molecular Imaging and Therapeutic Agents in Alzheimer's Disease Mouse Models","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"PLoS ONE","topic":"Ultrasound and Hyperthermia Applications","field":"Engineering","cited_by":227,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Health Sciences Centre; Sunnybrook Health Science Centre; University of Toronto","funders":"National Center for Research Resources; National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering; National Defense Science and Engineering Graduate; National Institute on Aging; National Institutes of Health; Harvard University","keywords":"Blood–brain barrier; Amyloid (mycology); Medicine; Pathology; In vivo; Alzheimer's disease; Genetically modified mouse; Senile plaques; Chemistry; Transgene; Disease; Central nervous system; Biology; Internal medicine; Biochemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03916235705213755,"gpt":0.2165698772314362,"spread":0.1774075201792986,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000206316,0.0000959119,0.0001347551,0.00005774091,0.00002998599,0.000006703779,0.00007475942,0.00002140079,0.00001491099],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000004255511,0.0001050247,0.00002365692,0.00009130795,0.00004681309,0.00007997081,0.000009089002,0.00006809525,0.00000526988],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001332813,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001148141,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001776888,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003081171,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994777,0.0000103303,0.0001346874,0.0001216662,0.0001190483,0.0001365842],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996809,0.00003917715,0.00001700008,0.000170838,0.00002345834,0.00006866539],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008288646,0.0003304137,0.004248593,0.00003529982,0.0001673733,0.000005321389,0.0005059804,0.008131049,0.9861158,0.000112351,0.000005487617,0.0003340712],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009510507,0.00001614388,0.02480664,0.0001289181,0.0003886076,0.000006258506,0.00009353599,0.1252321,0.8453398,0.002526101,0.00001485763,0.0004960709],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9932925,0.004856508,0.001159497,0.00002007435,0.000004455505,0.0001725783,0.00001710025,0.0000717715,0.0004055162],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9978906,0.001285248,0.0006542543,0.00006861013,0.000009242674,0.00004514048,0.000009300352,0.00002765223,0.00000994024],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.140776,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4282781,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2163869065","doi":"10.1073/pnas.1200053109","title":"Tumor radiation response enhancement by acoustical stimulation of the vasculature","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","topic":"Ultrasound and Hyperthermia Applications","field":"Engineering","cited_by":221,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University; Health Sciences Centre; University of Toronto; Sunnybrook Health Science Centre","funders":"","keywords":"In vivo; Apoptosis; Cancer research; Ultrasound; Stimulation; Radiation therapy; Medicine; Radiobiology; Chemistry; Pathology; Biology; Internal medicine; Radiology; Biochemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.016571738867963,"gpt":0.2654241017465814,"spread":0.2488523628786184,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007383687,0.00005528196,0.00007367122,0.00004252114,0.00009777363,0.000007492284,0.0003098962,0.000045955,0.00001450855],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002608992,0.00003292352,0.00004901395,0.0004113221,0.0002354572,0.0002456562,0.00002645823,0.00009461392,8.559115e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003312479,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001124668,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":8.805701e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":8.31602e-9,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990528,0.000005705805,0.0001913141,0.00007023151,0.0005821896,0.00009781162],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996177,0.0001361773,0.0001253637,0.00000920964,0.00009117205,0.00002040934],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008481195,0.00003078544,0.003196799,0.0000259646,0.000009763356,6.190027e-11,0.0001891422,0.002109242,0.9878936,0.005252337,0.000981953,0.0003018747],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001145427,0.0000116331,0.2466086,0.00003455928,0.00002200432,0.000001611773,0.00006650883,0.01196248,0.7366672,0.003118234,0.00133163,0.00006097795],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9978576,0.0002990327,0.0000573883,0.0006307213,0.00002568,0.0001599302,0.00001587842,0.00001062289,0.0009431374],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999227,0.00001306982,0.0005838918,0.00006436056,0.00005047461,0.00001152858,1.807926e-7,0.000003362867,0.00004610347],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2512264,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1342582,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3207084414","doi":"10.1126/scitranslmed.abj4011","title":"MR-guided focused ultrasound enhances delivery of trastuzumab to Her2-positive brain metastases","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Science Translational Medicine","topic":"Ultrasound and Hyperthermia Applications","field":"Engineering","cited_by":220,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Health Sciences Centre; Princess Margaret Cancer Centre; Sunnybrook Hospital; University of Toronto; Sunnybrook Health Science Centre","funders":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","keywords":"Medicine; Trastuzumab; Concomitant; Drug delivery; Adverse effect; Voxel; Breast cancer; Oncology; Internal medicine; Pharmacology; Nuclear medicine; Radiology; Cancer","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01870943440255687,"gpt":0.2742060393232503,"spread":0.2554966049206934,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003485991,0.000129433,0.000217759,0.0001609457,0.0001371308,0.00001651882,0.0002153355,0.00002441918,0.0004436115],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001583098,0.0001126835,0.00004558088,0.001243787,0.0004449506,0.0002032297,0.000005805301,0.00008101699,0.00001730092],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003500876,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000199432,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004143728,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001127307,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986216,0.00002403776,0.0003043773,0.0002605539,0.0005633556,0.0002260326],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987861,0.0006038759,0.00002763004,0.0001781763,0.0002584848,0.0001457651],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000495617,0.00003640591,0.0002011654,0.00001964104,0.00002673188,0.000002011208,0.001766116,0.002955682,0.9871705,0.003121576,0.0004449864,0.004250223],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001121743,0.0001764759,0.04542315,0.0002569985,0.0001048495,0.00007850555,0.001172639,0.001559055,0.9395075,0.003746903,0.006440703,0.000411501],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9510655,0.0008798046,0.03771054,0.00368788,0.000203635,0.0002463994,0.0001366924,0.0000902395,0.005979355],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9925357,0.0000493924,0.00684392,0.0003146999,0.0001004142,0.00002333825,0.00004812494,0.00001190658,0.00007251214],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.04766303,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4857235,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2092920458","doi":"10.1089/hum.2012.013","title":"Targeted Delivery of Self-Complementary Adeno-Associated Virus Serotype 9 to the Brain, Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Guided Focused Ultrasound","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Human Gene Therapy","topic":"Ultrasound and Hyperthermia Applications","field":"Engineering","cited_by":203,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Sunnybrook Hospital; University of Toronto; Ontario Brain Institute; Sunnybrook Health Science Centre","funders":"National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering; National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke; Canadian Institutes of Health Research; National Institutes of Health","keywords":"Gene delivery; Magnetic resonance imaging; Striatum; Medicine; Adeno-associated virus; Genetic enhancement; Hippocampus; Ultrasound; Pathology; Neuroscience; Biology; Gene; Internal medicine; Vector (molecular biology); Radiology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02823597044438601,"gpt":0.2566980997225149,"spread":0.2284621292781289,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002411045,0.0002195955,0.0002132958,0.00007847483,0.0002550491,0.00003239756,0.0003366945,0.00004834116,0.0004765844],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000008002388,0.0001901137,0.00008186799,0.0003116257,0.00004046157,0.0001094227,0.00002206708,0.0001245157,0.00003773313],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001120805,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002004106,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002506548,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001079553,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987845,0.00007234994,0.0003278273,0.0001755685,0.0002010262,0.0004387487],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992144,0.0001132196,0.00006148718,0.0004363074,0.00007807304,0.00009653766],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001124977,0.0001218835,0.008211012,0.000005869816,0.00006996125,5.104374e-7,0.002993519,0.0004633568,0.9811717,0.00006648255,0.005128035,0.001756439],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003589982,0.000256394,0.3815745,0.00006230563,0.0001603482,0.00004991711,0.0004427902,0.002472236,0.4222495,0.0005472399,0.1872554,0.001339391],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9859572,0.0125478,0.0002075659,0.0001139517,0.000115778,0.0005263257,0.00007242654,0.0002520232,0.0002069259],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9967719,0.0002561842,0.001711592,0.0007945274,0.0002201406,0.00005715945,0.0000561777,0.00007814414,0.00005411641],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5589222,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7752613,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2112042876","doi":"10.1148/rg.244035158","title":"Blood Flow Patterns in Focal Liver Lesions at Microbubble-enhanced US","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Radiographics","topic":"Ultrasound and Hyperthermia Applications","field":"Engineering","cited_by":199,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University Health Network","funders":"","keywords":"Medicine; Vascularity; Focal nodular hyperplasia; Radiology; Hepatocellular carcinoma; Lesion; Magnetic resonance imaging; Blood flow; Ultrasound; Hemangioma; Pathology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01902421320287819,"gpt":0.2408359496118803,"spread":0.2218117364090021,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000796231,0.0005120655,0.001006741,0.0005958609,0.0001074034,0.00004303845,0.0003963904,0.0005710623,0.00008267936],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000006644983,0.0004901101,0.0006821405,0.001109526,0.00006519022,0.00005639704,0.00004383103,0.0007064324,0.00009775632],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001738749,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007575966,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004826991,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005876488,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983989,0.00004088334,0.0005274804,0.0004115104,0.0001588013,0.0004624001],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990508,0.0001392772,0.00007171115,0.0005728522,0.00002184826,0.0001435168],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004310706,0.000581028,0.0003630205,0.04188094,0.001376935,0.0001751229,0.0005504483,0.003748905,0.0001766023,0.0006870567,0.0006201338,0.9498355],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004099179,0.00002518475,0.0001316376,0.008100924,0.0009462321,0.0001717962,0.000004996244,0.0001591753,0.00002093817,0.00004204305,0.9891737,0.0008134482],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0008958229,0.9954357,0.001788457,0.000004584008,0.0002014013,0.0006514738,0.0003230982,0.0002961183,0.0004033401],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.001119742,0.9968531,0.000927687,0.0000165571,0.0001505582,0.000310934,0.000397222,0.0001535512,0.00007072009],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9885536,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997551,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}