{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":6,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":6,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12","author_layer_release":"2026-06-26"},"query_hash":"77ca8a06c772","filters":{"venue":"2022 31st IEEE International Conference on Robot and Human Interactive Communication (RO-MAN)"}},"results":[{"id":"W4298112162","doi":"10.1109/ro-man53752.2022.9900735","title":"An Initial Investigation into the Use of Social Robots within an Existing Educational Program for Students with Learning Disabilities","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"2022 31st IEEE International Conference on Robot and Human Interactive Communication (RO-MAN)","topic":"Social Robot Interaction and HRI","field":"Psychology","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Positive Living Society of British Columbia; University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Remedial education; Task (project management); Robot; Learning disability; Computer science; Psychology; Intervention (counseling); Task analysis; Mathematics education; Medical education; Artificial intelligence; Developmental psychology; Engineering","authors":[{"name":"Negin Azizi","is_ca":true},{"name":"Shruti Chandra","is_ca":true},{"name":"Mike Gray","is_ca":true},{"name":"Melissa Sager","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jennifer Fane","is_ca":true},{"name":"Kerstin Dautenhahn","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.2925532539544106,"gpt":0.5071283509592587,"spread":0.2145750970048481,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005366672,0.0002424719,0.0002531096,0.0002279523,0.001638523,0.0004216496,0.0009432689,0.00007056,0.00185259],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001770307,0.000225918,0.00008948498,0.0001434798,0.0005397851,0.0007600517,0.0001972452,0.0008373607,0.00000705496],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002801993,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001175439,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00170579,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002326134,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9971178,0.001100087,0.0005710731,0.0004463663,0.0005728719,0.0001918492],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9970425,0.0009182362,0.0007608775,0.0004075581,0.0007889094,0.00008185818],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002582257,0.003327203,0.02575906,0.00003278255,0.000686161,0.000001204587,0.3355089,0.006031896,0.002436711,0.6126624,0.001831031,0.009140474],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.007139411,0.01163859,0.3106412,0.0004977619,0.0003925352,0.00006901316,0.5701205,0.03841561,0.0008934039,0.03446316,0.02357681,0.002152084],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9909073,0.00001149983,0.0004516245,0.003350709,0.0009388497,0.001040119,0.00005242819,0.0001226486,0.003124852],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9924113,0.000006081971,0.001114635,0.0005985489,0.0002514256,0.002002341,0.001067167,0.00004886728,0.002499696],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5781992,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996612,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4298128006","doi":"10.1109/ro-man53752.2022.9900770","title":"Task Selection and Planning in Human-Robot Collaborative Processes: To be a Leader or a Follower?","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"2022 31st IEEE International Conference on Robot and Human Interactive Communication (RO-MAN)","topic":"Robot Manipulation and Learning","field":"Engineering","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Robot; Task (project management); Computer science; Human–computer interaction; Workspace; Selection (genetic algorithm); Human–robot interaction; Plan (archaeology); Preference; Exploit; Artificial intelligence; Agency (philosophy); Task analysis; Interface (matter); Engineering; Systems engineering; Computer security","authors":[{"name":"Ali Noormohammadi-Asl","is_ca":true},{"name":"Ali Ayub","is_ca":true},{"name":"Stephen L. Smith","is_ca":true},{"name":"Kerstin Dautenhahn","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1002133421525195,"gpt":0.3647790883501753,"spread":0.2645657461976558,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002604622,0.0002703315,0.0002793023,0.0006108995,0.0005777554,0.0002794766,0.0004450125,0.00006374144,0.00106462],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001029612,0.0002988171,0.00003461404,0.0004562594,0.00005857287,0.0004666596,0.0002229095,0.000864877,0.00000927861],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003941975,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006821755,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001492732,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001675457,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983704,0.0002284768,0.0004408653,0.0003906842,0.0003477479,0.0002217994],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989266,0.0002183431,0.0001768088,0.0002385274,0.0003508534,0.00008884585],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0009672223,0.0005362018,0.005568082,0.0001420741,0.000445989,0.00003084086,0.07172782,0.8377106,0.04448031,0.02964149,0.00695172,0.001797699],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.008736446,0.003147044,0.04613713,0.002153418,0.0001547053,0.00015623,0.1313721,0.7164137,0.004609239,0.003841324,0.07948287,0.003795762],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9451787,0.000372872,0.01314185,0.005243741,0.001037965,0.001727922,0.00005196675,0.0006892788,0.03255568],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9966333,0.00006889931,0.0003705781,0.000609269,0.00006175385,0.0004908901,0.0001662474,0.00005251435,0.001546529],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1212969,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999464,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4298112256","doi":"10.1109/ro-man53752.2022.9900645","title":"Evaluation of Expressive Motions based on the Framework of Laban Effort Features for Social Attributes of Robots","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"2022 31st IEEE International Conference on Robot and Human Interactive Communication (RO-MAN)","topic":"Social Robot Interaction and HRI","field":"Psychology","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Robot; Competence (human resources); Human–computer interaction; Social robot; Computer science; Kinematics; Artificial intelligence; Simulation; Mobile robot; Psychology; Robot control; Social psychology","authors":[{"name":"Ebru Emir","is_ca":false},{"name":"Catherine M. Burns","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.2140982457836818,"gpt":0.4564894388059117,"spread":0.2423911930222299,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001041703,0.0001935015,0.0003260175,0.000307072,0.0005437946,0.00004106204,0.0008068034,0.0001003465,0.006170711],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003835306,0.0001821381,0.0002244656,0.0001582754,0.0002771631,0.0001180189,0.0001535142,0.0006530337,0.000004737984],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002180733,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001048328,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002567613,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001198903,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9972874,0.000870836,0.0005749741,0.0002907636,0.0008298748,0.0001461362],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9951614,0.001415344,0.001065552,0.0005050545,0.001819356,0.00003334414],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00110803,0.001815382,0.0009418889,0.00002325771,0.000782809,4.049473e-7,0.01371088,0.006321194,0.007877003,0.9475852,0.0168796,0.002954366],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0155387,0.007356963,0.4090638,0.002364033,0.001925261,0.00002191363,0.1366955,0.07820143,0.03653793,0.3001187,0.009821652,0.002354141],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7865341,0.0003561037,0.01317764,0.03068507,0.005532591,0.004858947,0.002486939,0.0001690403,0.1561995],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9973516,0.0000137226,0.000207507,0.0004638319,0.00008917972,0.0008633661,0.0003367587,0.00002724788,0.0006467731],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6474665,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9947378,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4298112381","doi":"10.1109/ro-man53752.2022.9900778","title":"Socially Assistive Robotics and Wearable Sensors for Intelligent User Dressing Assistance","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"2022 31st IEEE International Conference on Robot and Human Interactive Communication (RO-MAN)","topic":"Tactile and Sensory Interactions","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"AGE-WELL","keywords":"Wearable computer; Human–computer interaction; Computer science; Robot; Artificial intelligence; Robotics; Assistive technology; Classifier (UML); Independent living; Embedded system; Medicine","authors":[{"name":"Fraser Robinson","is_ca":true},{"name":"Zinan Cen","is_ca":true},{"name":"Hani E. Naguib","is_ca":true},{"name":"Goldie Nejat","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1371797058821094,"gpt":0.3744207806122198,"spread":0.2372410747301104,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002025979,0.0003046235,0.0003159038,0.0003117998,0.001933602,0.0005132229,0.0007314921,0.00007097961,0.000944149],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000287056,0.0003394763,0.0001320751,0.0001380292,0.0003076165,0.0005815823,0.0003950657,0.0009538034,0.00002083039],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004329071,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001083347,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001322888,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000314633,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9975714,0.0004808919,0.0005122076,0.0006580439,0.0004833904,0.0002940538],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9972882,0.001185129,0.0005384476,0.0004750451,0.0004009175,0.0001122191],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001894425,0.001777176,0.001438301,0.00005773174,0.0004181883,0.00003454204,0.009756542,0.009999376,0.2660742,0.6920154,0.0101197,0.006414388],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.009572037,0.004305177,0.0198228,0.00213373,0.0006415962,0.0006457443,0.07540108,0.217108,0.235994,0.07930716,0.3489783,0.006090386],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8388129,0.0002052661,0.01682383,0.03302178,0.005664758,0.002872847,0.001089565,0.0006527851,0.1008562],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9875173,0.0003322762,0.000698495,0.001364885,0.0001055751,0.0003131375,0.00007455464,0.00005254096,0.009541261],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6127083,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999691,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4298128042","doi":"10.1109/ro-man53752.2022.9900620","title":"The Robot Screener Will See You Now: A Socially Assistive Robot for COVID-19 Screening in Long-Term Care Homes","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"2022 31st IEEE International Conference on Robot and Human Interactive Communication (RO-MAN)","topic":"Social Robot Interaction and HRI","field":"Psychology","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"HORIZON EUROPE Health","keywords":"Robot; Health care; Task (project management); Human–robot interaction; Applied psychology; Human–computer interaction; Social robot; Computer science; Perception; Psychology; Cognition; Long-term care; Nursing; Artificial intelligence; Medicine; Robot control; Engineering; Mobile robot; Psychiatry","authors":[{"name":"Cristina Getson","is_ca":true},{"name":"Goldie Nejat","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1125083656170804,"gpt":0.4344756327157786,"spread":0.3219672670986982,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007157614,0.0004429832,0.0004758639,0.0004991353,0.00239357,0.0004984229,0.001722254,0.000159713,0.005585589],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002486972,0.0004456664,0.0003043193,0.0002398433,0.000416868,0.0004619329,0.0006283953,0.001447379,0.00005379225],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001052212,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002826242,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001454854,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01039729,"domain_scores_codex":[0.996244,0.001033971,0.0008234099,0.0007860468,0.0006309861,0.000481602],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9958727,0.001549743,0.0008233562,0.0007844209,0.0007745715,0.0001952004],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.009475161,0.002614309,0.06416512,0.000108803,0.003006817,0.0000831087,0.06847271,0.00880344,0.002359718,0.7330083,0.06274534,0.04515724],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01464701,0.002388063,0.5739257,0.0007470932,0.000362836,0.000127191,0.1929402,0.006348857,0.0002345485,0.01346958,0.1917341,0.003074805],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1938837,0.007859092,0.1694508,0.2281738,0.02769472,0.01584993,0.003693599,0.002183989,0.3512103],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9795461,0.0002869095,0.0004380575,0.003222161,0.0003028919,0.001967632,0.001174279,0.00008800097,0.012974],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7856624,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997995,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4298112138","doi":"10.1109/ro-man53752.2022.9900567","title":"Bots of a Feather: Exploring User Perceptions of Group Cohesiveness for Application in Robotic Swarms","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"2022 31st IEEE International Conference on Robot and Human Interactive Communication (RO-MAN)","topic":"Insect and Arachnid Ecology and Behavior","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"École de Technologie Supérieure","funders":"","keywords":"Group cohesiveness; Swarm behaviour; Computer science; Human–computer interaction; Perception; Context (archaeology); Animation; Group (periodic table); Robot; Swarm robotics; Artificial intelligence; Psychology; Social psychology","authors":[{"name":"Rebecca Stower","is_ca":false},{"name":"Elisabetta Zibetti","is_ca":false},{"name":"David St-Onge","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.06934420514750014,"gpt":0.3432867875391541,"spread":0.273942582391654,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002146939,0.0001221588,0.0001801414,0.0001581642,0.0001990154,0.00001487351,0.0004215754,0.00005564175,0.0001986907],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001878307,0.0001357178,0.00008409586,0.0000592517,0.000116158,0.00002816081,0.0001865844,0.0002099138,0.000001322801],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005833948,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002994728,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001220757,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004813746,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990813,0.0001338509,0.0003164285,0.0002402811,0.0001197657,0.0001083626],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991586,0.00006400675,0.0002592682,0.000295658,0.0001985726,0.00002388342],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005945188,0.001056533,0.03061134,0.00002912915,0.0001040779,7.336839e-7,0.001327919,0.001982125,0.9306936,0.03168601,0.0002026677,0.001711406],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01266451,0.008811946,0.4684647,0.0008224447,0.0004105054,0.0000858543,0.03615478,0.01894076,0.4267204,0.0131827,0.01108762,0.002653793],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9959404,0.00004307089,0.002650022,0.0002725546,0.0001730629,0.0003899122,0.00005457325,0.000009260613,0.0004671133],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9975076,0.0001488459,0.0002311293,0.00009259136,0.00003445208,0.001018581,0.0005665241,0.00001704825,0.0003832292],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5039731,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5534409,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}