{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":5,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":5,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12","author_layer_release":"2026-06-26"},"query_hash":"945539aa20a1","filters":{"venue":"Annals of Corporate Governance"}},"results":[{"id":"W4226264049","doi":"10.1561/109.00000031","title":"Enterprise Foundations: Law, Taxation, Governance, and Performance","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Annals of Corporate Governance","topic":"Corporate Taxation and Avoidance","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Institute on Governance","funders":"","keywords":"Corporate governance; Law and economics; Business; Accounting; Economics; Finance","authors":[{"name":"Steen Thomsen","is_ca":false},{"name":"Nikolaos Kavadis","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05027073047010075,"gpt":0.2433777419837889,"spread":0.1931070115136881,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003997169,0.0001808184,0.0002291561,0.00005276848,0.000437539,0.0001210954,0.0003013999,0.00002626178,0.0006000669],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001073396,0.0001966682,0.00006121203,0.0006581767,0.0001417492,0.001603084,0.000288148,0.0001560141,0.000073578],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002397245,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004992201,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00042113,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001043563,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985142,0.00001865592,0.0004229514,0.0003113941,0.00049965,0.0002331819],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9957375,0.00002921921,0.003606055,0.000288002,0.0003216178,0.00001759814],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003125736,0.0002232183,0.1030228,0.0002470454,0.00003449645,0.00001078663,0.00008427347,0.0009996698,0.0005769207,0.8318897,0.03925752,0.02334098],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007313585,0.0000728095,0.3445168,0.00007943017,0.00001864249,0.000006334487,0.00007440873,0.007340595,0.0006277921,0.01664479,0.629464,0.0004229981],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.965278,0.000777467,0.0001779065,0.003561803,0.0004657676,0.0002933607,0.00007634819,0.00008571206,0.02928368],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9912559,0.000563557,0.000113891,0.005576514,0.000213964,0.00006445661,0.00004769045,0.0000236959,0.002140289],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8152449,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8019895,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4205194734","doi":"10.1561/109.00000015","title":"Governance Complexities in Firms with Dual Class Shares","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Annals of Corporate Governance","topic":"Corporate Finance and Governance","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; Institute on Governance","funders":"","keywords":"Corporate governance; Dual (grammatical number); Business; Class (philosophy); Industrial organization; Finance; Computer science; Artificial intelligence","authors":[],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0832329890067354,"gpt":0.2555166011850811,"spread":0.1722836121783457,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003288788,0.0003881899,0.0005623558,0.00007438784,0.0001205716,0.0001711541,0.0005460888,0.0001002082,0.000199805],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001100954,0.0003453108,0.00009616523,0.001226983,0.0004745169,0.002918617,0.0001662022,0.0002157695,0.000287826],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003285366,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001157192,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002536241,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005860679,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9975101,0.00001436858,0.0006086049,0.0005673029,0.0006889795,0.0006106771],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9962316,0.00004662944,0.002465319,0.0005582823,0.0006767567,0.00002148367],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001705275,0.0003560425,0.2840703,0.0003553692,0.0000595068,0.0002311269,0.000106078,0.000297115,0.0006248139,0.6091287,0.0964638,0.006601922],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001099408,0.0001566761,0.8077434,0.0006112588,0.00001210348,0.000006016698,0.00003579746,0.0007435196,0.002008948,0.01392199,0.173139,0.0005219182],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9677097,0.0006816166,0.0001698745,0.003773391,0.0003598164,0.0003198598,0.0002109764,0.00008273228,0.02669205],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9923024,0.0003730525,0.0001363743,0.003869857,0.00100188,0.00002868864,0.00002200067,0.00005152736,0.002214258],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5952067,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998999,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2995607031","doi":"10.1561/109.00000023","title":"Do Corporate Fiduciary Duties Matter?","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Annals of Corporate Governance","topic":"Legal principles and applications","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Fiduciary; Business; Accounting; Law; Political science; Duty","authors":[{"name":"Bryce C. Tingle","is_ca":true},{"name":"Eldon Spackman","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1184052404495947,"gpt":0.331441662935097,"spread":0.2130364224855023,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004814441,0.0001167284,0.000217497,0.00002077527,0.0001556846,0.00006689889,0.0004253841,0.00007589359,0.001134363],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003887846,0.0001141932,0.00008946491,0.0003487819,0.0002386299,0.0003706222,0.0000724598,0.0001102683,0.001633514],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000192242,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002137999,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001305213,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002797445,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986923,0.00007228689,0.0002835894,0.0002490232,0.0004063172,0.0002964515],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980628,0.00006331012,0.001143872,0.000377982,0.0002595142,0.00009251462],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003079238,0.00007017702,0.09756848,0.00003264653,0.0000200622,0.000002906378,0.0009067333,0.00007239198,0.0006375762,0.8431633,0.05598465,0.001510281],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002348464,0.00006171555,0.2265008,0.0001024065,0.000008707675,9.496756e-7,0.0005674945,0.00003398791,0.003973591,0.1073129,0.6608561,0.0003465373],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8163641,0.0005656163,0.00003125943,0.01095944,0.000257344,0.0002872112,0.0001199445,0.00004077607,0.1713743],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9732957,0.0007279576,0.0001272532,0.001114166,0.0001210331,0.00001346243,0.000006386678,0.00001319056,0.02458081],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7358505,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997787,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4385629037","doi":"10.1561/109.00000030","title":"Rethinking State Capitalism: A Cross-Disciplinary Perspective on the State’s Role in the Economy","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Annals of Corporate Governance","topic":"State Capitalism and Financial Governance","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Capitalism; Perspective (graphical); State (computer science); Discipline; Economic system; State capitalism; Cross disciplinary; Political science; Sociology; Economics; Social science; Data science; Computer science; Politics","authors":[{"name":"Anna Grosman","is_ca":false},{"name":"Gerhard Schnyder","is_ca":false},{"name":"Álvaro Cuervo-Cazurra","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ilya Okhmatovskiy","is_ca":false},{"name":"Geoffrey Wood","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.07480082095185438,"gpt":0.288391471507386,"spread":0.2135906505555317,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001325452,0.0002717523,0.0003012301,0.00009344371,0.000249571,0.0003320167,0.0008754857,0.00005700881,0.00005077611],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002839718,0.0001821193,0.000141115,0.001232345,0.0002775285,0.001189325,0.0002408339,0.0003249588,0.0004840866],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004501556,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007238954,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002266761,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006584284,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9980925,0.00003967036,0.0004650435,0.0004287634,0.0004652261,0.0005087671],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9975223,0.0002201548,0.001326021,0.0005435645,0.0003755639,0.00001242981],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003557377,0.0001265117,0.01312424,0.0001172277,0.00003574408,0.0002032227,0.01061088,0.002111562,0.00008309545,0.9137704,0.05862834,0.0008330133],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003134635,0.00003926748,0.3068857,0.0001626415,0.000005477058,0.00000131331,0.001740923,0.0009780856,0.0002278382,0.6759538,0.01342772,0.0002636964],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9532031,0.0007063493,0.000008040078,0.0124279,0.0002646092,0.0004272915,0.0001259187,0.00006536316,0.03277137],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9913909,0.0005421216,0.000003925801,0.005955628,0.0002997998,0.00006579765,0.0000171149,0.00003627257,0.001688441],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2937615,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7426609,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3214348721","doi":"10.1561/109.00000033","title":"Beyond ESG: Reforming Capitalism and Social Democracy","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Annals of Corporate Governance","topic":"Economic and Social Issues","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Capitalism; Democracy; Inequality; Equity (law); Remuneration; Political economy; Financialization; Political science; Economics; Market economy; Politics; Finance; Law","authors":[{"name":"Marcel Boyer","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0888444164964476,"gpt":0.3291589754101517,"spread":0.2403145589137041,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003361576,0.00008587647,0.0002373492,0.00001050762,0.0004453729,0.00004722908,0.0001294526,0.0001006654,0.00009629163],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001233653,0.00009613523,0.0000680688,0.0001263619,0.0003671283,0.0003952318,0.00005577534,0.00008201056,0.00001690927],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002403061,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002415589,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001555314,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001496979,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990776,0.00008809091,0.0002278943,0.0001828669,0.0001787743,0.0002447598],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990647,0.00005701497,0.0004882277,0.00008939407,0.0002364104,0.00006425623],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001332717,0.00003502277,0.009646977,0.00002429984,0.00003485391,0.00004390488,0.02901713,5.635783e-7,0.0001913866,0.936934,0.008494422,0.0155641],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005597018,0.00005918897,0.06682889,0.00008375601,0.00003141863,0.000005319999,0.02246306,0.00001457817,0.01077614,0.6122314,0.2863022,0.0006443972],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9107326,0.002081852,0.00000741951,0.01519969,0.0002082463,0.00005617369,0.00002616831,0.00002118414,0.07166672],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9839277,0.003953343,0.0000845414,0.0009525158,0.0003228134,0.000002103158,0.000004448852,0.00000903382,0.01074355],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3247026,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3920281,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}