{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":236,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":236,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12"},"query_hash":"430b6f31679e","filters":{"venue":"Applied Spectroscopy"}},"results":[{"id":"W2091998550","doi":"10.1366/000370207782597003","title":"Automated Autofluorescence Background Subtraction Algorithm for Biomedical Raman Spectroscopy","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Spectroscopy","topic":"Spectroscopy Techniques in Biomedical and Chemical Research","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":801,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute; University of British Columbia; Vancouver Coastal Health","funders":"National Cancer Institute; Canadian Institutes of Health Research","keywords":"Autofluorescence; Raman spectroscopy; Polynomial; SIGNAL (programming language); Background subtraction; Biological system; Raman scattering; Fourier transform; Noise (video); Spectroscopy; Optics; Fluorescence; Algorithm; Signal-to-noise ratio (imaging); Nuclear magnetic resonance; Computer science; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Chemistry; Physics; Artificial intelligence; Mathematics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01244496710051555,"gpt":0.3408277517358415,"spread":0.3283827846353259,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009980549,0.0004218666,0.0003734587,0.0001755908,0.0002596928,0.00008586837,0.0006480826,0.0006132238,0.0001743496],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009404596,0.0003959933,0.0001979179,0.0004803159,0.0006337234,0.00000978907,0.0001883606,0.000467533,0.00006161062],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002260272,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001791599,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002187706,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008375273,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9963309,0.00002604441,0.0005782022,0.001011487,0.0006946154,0.00135876],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984576,0.0001095652,0.0001526477,0.0006469433,0.0001166066,0.0005166931],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004131808,0.0003201249,0.00003892089,0.00002864718,0.00005653323,0.000008086678,0.000009997003,1.294251e-7,0.9530997,0.001731844,0.03947727,0.004815614],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001051219,0.0008912655,0.0002864627,0.00001564929,0.00002359481,0.00002388962,0.00005593821,0.0008154229,0.9154155,0.001900309,0.07910133,0.0004193651],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.1105177,0.0002123214,0.8756347,0.0003554004,0.0004096768,0.001137846,0.00006640589,0.0007544642,0.01091148],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.3948983,0.000361126,0.5986846,0.0008782779,0.002525577,0.0003556662,0.001324001,0.0001551245,0.0008173321],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2843805,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998492,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2003057808","doi":"10.1366/12-06948","title":"Quantum Dots in Bioanalysis: A Review of Applications across Various Platforms for Fluorescence Spectroscopy and Imaging","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Applied Spectroscopy","topic":"Quantum Dots Synthesis And Properties","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":576,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Quantum dot; Bioanalysis; Nanotechnology; Fluorescence spectroscopy; Context (archaeology); Förster resonance energy transfer; Microscopy; Spectroscopy; Materials science; Luminescent Measurements; Fluorescence-lifetime imaging microscopy; Fluorescence; Luminescence; Chemistry; Optoelectronics; Optics; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02989862387005329,"gpt":0.3337212054032624,"spread":0.3038225815332092,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001388456,0.0007748145,0.003335054,0.0002425624,0.0002292534,0.0001990111,0.0009161967,0.000219228,0.0002345836],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007259106,0.0005557676,0.0004163831,0.0006610285,0.0004199551,0.0002005747,0.0002391357,0.0003545905,0.0001774287],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001882881,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002671948,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001540744,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001926439,"domain_scores_codex":[0.99564,0.00006297723,0.001770293,0.001174512,0.000409263,0.0009428993],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9971903,0.0003492088,0.001145666,0.001064197,0.00009755209,0.000153089],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008138437,0.0003929605,0.00001735688,0.3315069,0.0002065168,0.000005564042,0.0003818219,6.140943e-7,0.1120692,0.03220608,0.001338754,0.5217929],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007160958,0.0001770811,0.00000694171,0.08704299,0.001766695,0.00005369544,0.0002520037,0.0001509792,0.05577926,0.009801344,0.8421454,0.002107477],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0001242414,0.9920194,0.002261764,0.0000527756,0.0000887464,0.00478286,0.0002540455,0.00007906945,0.0003371229],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0001832911,0.9805238,0.01350306,0.00009807552,0.000141404,0.00533882,0.00007985967,0.0001032904,0.00002844483],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8408067,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996894,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3014729837","doi":"10.1177/0003702820921465","title":"Critical Assessment of Analytical Methods for the Harmonized and Cost-Efficient Analysis of Microplastics","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Spectroscopy","topic":"Microplastics and Plastic Pollution","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":460,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Microplastics; Environmental science; Process engineering; Computer science; Nanotechnology; Environmental chemistry; Biochemical engineering; Chemistry; Materials science; Engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02666137853877304,"gpt":0.3583855673303448,"spread":0.3317241887915717,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003711607,0.0001187653,0.0003487649,0.00004045157,0.00008261796,0.00001775123,0.0001435923,0.00004915465,0.0004401067],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002512909,0.0000857044,0.00009813007,0.0004987818,0.0004080929,0.0000110895,0.0001128828,0.000105228,0.000003096962],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004434308,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002070446,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000190698,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004493505,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990072,0.00003778049,0.0003182205,0.00026446,0.0001593304,0.00021298],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9979161,0.001698782,0.0001008771,0.000153281,0.00001718701,0.0001137506],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001591794,0.0001199522,0.001441931,0.0000291152,0.0003308556,3.074134e-7,0.0001680283,0.02271849,0.9241531,0.04915943,0.0003459499,0.001373596],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003846372,0.000119984,0.01408702,0.000002268012,0.001456444,4.470891e-7,0.00005861394,0.9281506,0.05399656,0.0001641414,0.001483367,0.00009590528],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.0619131,0.0000343593,0.9362546,0.0004205948,0.00004084129,0.0003378974,0.0001018063,0.000007254484,0.0008895705],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.796304,0.00001679157,0.2035256,0.0001030813,0.00001500381,0.00001825723,0.000006584056,0.000006771817,0.000003914011],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9054321,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4818859,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3024245531","doi":"10.1177/0003702820930292","title":"Reporting Guidelines to Increase the Reproducibility and Comparability of Research on Microplastics","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Spectroscopy","topic":"Microplastics and Plastic Pollution","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":411,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland; University of Toronto","funders":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche","keywords":"Microplastics; Comparability; Checklist; Data science; Standardization; Computer science; Environmental science; Environmental planning; Environmental resource management; Psychology; Environmental chemistry; Chemistry; Mathematics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1273341453104509,"gpt":0.3787935356573366,"spread":0.2514593903468857,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003972148,0.0001147189,0.0002158778,0.00002041999,0.0001939049,0.00002427597,0.0001976365,0.00003898399,0.000204723],"category_scores_gemma":[0.006470887,0.00008088256,0.00002578644,0.0003964952,0.000367493,0.00001667387,0.0003341201,0.0002548251,0.0001361199],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007787997,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002787715,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004665501,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006605036,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9976596,0.00008117175,0.0007648521,0.0008248505,0.0003954445,0.0002740743],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983241,0.0004628363,0.0002680055,0.0007340634,0.00003636829,0.0001746065],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003654155,0.00006727424,0.01785444,0.00002507666,0.000006160993,0.000002545753,0.0004471315,0.001807672,0.9613543,0.001882933,0.01574272,0.0004442995],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000471542,0.0006391054,0.165583,0.0000370632,0.00002856208,0.000009721408,0.0004225632,0.004558429,0.809553,0.004338572,0.01404747,0.000310975],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9872717,0.00001102187,0.003529254,0.00293296,0.00004307997,0.0004101865,0.00001837434,0.00002151139,0.005761865],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9905297,0.000005632012,0.00872214,0.0006003375,0.0001003076,0.00001088464,0.000002441671,0.000008558656,0.00002001597],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1518013,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7746723,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3041758622","doi":"10.1177/0003702820945713","title":"Sampling and Quality Assurance and Quality Control: A Guide for Scientists Investigating the Occurrence of Microplastics Across Matrices","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Spectroscopy","topic":"Microplastics and Plastic Pollution","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":360,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; Ministry of the Environment, Conservation and Parks","funders":"National Science Foundation","keywords":"Microplastics; Quality assurance; Environmental science; Sampling (signal processing); Quality (philosophy); Pollution; Computer science; Environmental planning; Environmental resource management; Ecology; Business; Biology; Service (business)","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03916759296471403,"gpt":0.3208466519104994,"spread":0.2816790589457854,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008876951,0.0001545759,0.0002597927,0.000008698445,0.0003484752,0.00008769528,0.0001673243,0.00005089248,0.00001927286],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007181007,0.0001217329,0.00002946347,0.0001860678,0.0006628042,0.00005899788,0.0001464378,0.0001248211,0.000006271434],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000302344,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002384599,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002098476,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001904916,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985685,0.00004641649,0.0004323674,0.0004037497,0.0002277992,0.000321181],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998127,0.001267123,0.0003134304,0.0001453421,0.00001538444,0.0001317557],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007334528,0.00001369173,0.03717298,0.0001217123,0.00001050346,1.02352e-7,0.0007003507,0.0003149048,0.9569452,0.0038329,0.0003539731,0.000460375],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003882341,0.0002952717,0.6930062,0.0001015344,0.0001209884,0.000007348274,0.000835711,0.01005312,0.2775432,0.00418028,0.009103076,0.0008709402],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8229142,0.0001342339,0.1754262,0.0002521597,0.00007098712,0.0003370322,0.0006530495,0.00001806461,0.000194131],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.972411,0.00003966813,0.02714541,0.0003272619,0.00004177883,0.00001564856,0.000006917699,0.000007049908,0.000005263505],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6794019,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4964125,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2062123859","doi":"10.1366/0003702053945985","title":"Investigation of Selected Baseline Removal Techniques as Candidates for Automated Implementation","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Spectroscopy","topic":"Industrial Vision Systems and Defect Detection","field":"Engineering","cited_by":320,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Baseline (sea); Computer science; Environmental science; Political science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01079070597794205,"gpt":0.2780782205751618,"spread":0.2672875145972198,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002819258,0.0001291809,0.0001843562,0.0001430268,0.00005749808,0.00002195233,0.00005293077,0.0001095625,0.00005685054],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001564446,0.0001312368,0.00003386066,0.0003486735,0.00001451241,0.00007912277,0.000005956445,0.0000788426,0.00001779411],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001303944,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004028355,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007892557,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006355607,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991475,0.00001693459,0.0003740503,0.0001450018,0.0001319294,0.0001846355],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996203,0.00004505129,0.00008970916,0.0001225042,0.0000794255,0.00004299838],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004745627,0.000003508519,0.00004610706,0.00002772037,0.00002027885,1.519609e-7,0.00008551179,0.0002048472,0.9876098,0.0004714782,0.007553938,0.003929207],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005134415,0.0001082269,0.0001212416,0.0000135108,0.00001801465,0.000005296142,0.00005501736,0.01858191,0.9749594,0.0002190817,0.005280475,0.0001244233],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9610705,0.00003940142,0.03340947,0.00005679458,0.0001371028,0.001229607,0.00003930004,0.002096556,0.001921207],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9724367,0.000009238084,0.02686438,0.00003085663,0.0003233844,0.0001520779,0.0001290871,0.00003282104,0.00002142871],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01837706,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5351682,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3024238116","doi":"10.1177/0003702820930733","title":"Is It or Isn't It: The Importance of Visual Classification in Microplastic Characterization","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Spectroscopy","topic":"Microplastics and Plastic Pollution","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":317,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"University of Toronto; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation","keywords":"Microplastics; Comparability; Standardization; Identification (biology); Protocol (science); Computer science; Visual inspection; Risk analysis (engineering); Plastic pollution; Biochemical engineering; Environmental science; Data science; Artificial intelligence; Ecology; Environmental chemistry; Chemistry; Mathematics; Engineering; Business; Medicine","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02200259935528642,"gpt":0.2623676040417571,"spread":0.2403650046864707,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001102695,0.0001285327,0.0001467586,0.0000209181,0.00006563542,0.00002107656,0.0001780659,0.00006055629,0.004195763],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004032119,0.00009336237,0.0000249681,0.0003823561,0.0001153897,0.00005863157,0.00006270454,0.0001348398,0.000453769],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000848895,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002709132,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001754532,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009412052,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989541,0.00001946875,0.0003235664,0.0002889376,0.0002027939,0.0002111901],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995358,0.00007677187,0.0001821219,0.0001412301,0.000004726086,0.0000593233],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001528187,0.00004909776,0.01043319,0.00001053836,0.000004141641,8.628139e-7,0.000717242,0.00005213319,0.9824654,0.0004671509,0.005488024,0.0001593484],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001156781,0.0003589048,0.35414,0.00003429579,0.00004951612,0.000005443107,0.0005657005,0.04385182,0.5732601,0.0002217533,0.0258985,0.0004571774],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9576387,0.000004782356,0.03326818,0.004369642,0.0001345794,0.0003738579,0.00004924728,0.00001752277,0.004143525],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9965517,0.000044321,0.0005897575,0.002536666,0.00009743023,0.00001882357,0.00003514555,0.00001263178,0.0001135116],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4092053,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9967145,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2018270428","doi":"10.1366/0003702042475420","title":"Surface-Enhanced Infrared Spectroscopy","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Applied Spectroscopy","topic":"Gold and Silver Nanoparticles Synthesis and Applications","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":308,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Windsor","funders":"","keywords":"Infrared spectroscopy; Infrared; Spectroscopy; Materials science; Surface (topology); Chemistry; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Optics; Physics; Environmental chemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02526854913361555,"gpt":0.3009844283514526,"spread":0.2757158792178371,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003037855,0.0008197736,0.002067432,0.0001098603,0.0003589577,0.0003217208,0.0009894769,0.000384916,0.00190711],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001531128,0.0006771352,0.0004909229,0.0005893979,0.0002048601,0.0001050655,0.0001729576,0.0004521423,0.007609415],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004346454,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005894097,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002002182,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004806811,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9962707,0.00007261344,0.001001329,0.001183501,0.0004656503,0.00100624],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9977494,0.0001543783,0.0005466,0.001241417,0.0000381653,0.0002700668],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001489769,0.0002303152,1.640625e-7,0.002453086,0.00004654823,0.000005203533,0.00008321684,0.00001062109,0.9551051,0.02521336,0.001401161,0.01543628],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002096978,0.0000382069,3.918925e-7,0.001405085,0.0002613175,0.000004857044,0.00001621246,3.476128e-7,0.5398201,0.002940819,0.4547362,0.0005668276],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.001377486,0.9578115,0.0008314153,0.00002985135,0.0003240885,0.00159234,0.0001391551,0.0004901682,0.03740396],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.001122659,0.9815435,0.01559281,0.00006049427,0.0003577262,0.0004529094,0.00008622132,0.0001446135,0.0006390527],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.453335,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999568,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2122359996","doi":"10.1366/11-06398","title":"Review of Super-Resolution Fluorescence Microscopy for Biology","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Applied Spectroscopy","topic":"Advanced Fluorescence Microscopy Techniques","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":307,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"STED microscopy; Microscopy; Fluorescence microscope; Photoactivated localization microscopy; Super-resolution microscopy; Resolution (logic); Nanotechnology; Light sheet fluorescence microscopy; Fluorescence; Optics; Materials science; Stimulated emission; Physics; Computer science; Laser; Artificial intelligence","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02623998417376179,"gpt":0.3625686650287109,"spread":0.3363286808549491,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004097614,0.0007847152,0.002071951,0.0001504285,0.00009745684,0.00001105661,0.0010181,0.0008172165,0.00004615318],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001188883,0.0007117072,0.0007181758,0.0002782234,0.0004511948,0.000004880953,0.0002862942,0.0003412548,0.00002647955],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009369717,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004145622,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001024402,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002823843,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9967997,0.00009276831,0.001114269,0.001177343,0.00009513752,0.0007207931],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9975574,0.00004465864,0.0007996691,0.001321397,0.000161859,0.0001149937],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009162079,0.0001316056,0.00000136055,0.08861117,0.0001619421,4.007155e-7,0.000007512822,3.378364e-8,0.7452973,0.004639101,0.01861864,0.1424394],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001361258,0.0003352224,7.036552e-8,0.01726173,0.000289071,0.00000681348,0.000001405576,1.980958e-7,0.2896618,0.000296521,0.691564,0.0004471111],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[9.156837e-7,0.9275229,0.06791294,0.000006779022,0.000170511,0.003202581,0.0004262249,0.00006412934,0.0006930169],"genre_scores_gemma":[9.267301e-7,0.8021561,0.1943379,0.0001851482,0.0002333899,0.00112783,0.001764777,0.0001349865,0.00005901608],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6729453,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995334,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2606314294","doi":"10.1177/0003702816686593","title":"Raman Spectroscopy of Blood and Blood Components","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Applied Spectroscopy","topic":"Spectroscopy Techniques in Biomedical and Chemical Research","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":296,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre; University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canadian Institutes of Health Research","keywords":"Raman spectroscopy; Hemoglobin; Platelet; Whole blood; Chemistry; Spectroscopy; Blood plasma; Biochemistry; Medicine; Internal medicine; Optics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04658723206829249,"gpt":0.3861318529764393,"spread":0.3395446209081469,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003963614,0.0007816987,0.002007528,0.0001860086,0.0002029761,0.00009380525,0.001425497,0.0009956105,0.0001032528],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001192382,0.0006634395,0.0004680604,0.0001676633,0.001074504,0.000004307583,0.0009529499,0.0008147096,0.00002116118],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003116276,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002592984,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002116884,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002815537,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9964049,0.00007360634,0.0008546604,0.001233966,0.0005750208,0.0008578586],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9971861,0.00006523838,0.000658493,0.001664258,0.0000587868,0.0003671754],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008437499,0.0004920363,0.00001671735,0.005082907,0.0008398301,0.0000211497,0.000006352277,4.721325e-9,0.9654709,0.001244944,0.002382625,0.02435821],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004785131,0.000425313,0.000002775088,0.0009366538,0.0007480574,0.00004804132,0.000001912714,1.6405e-7,0.4616151,0.0005526762,0.5347663,0.000424495],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.001789875,0.9786838,0.0002043009,0.00002161826,0.0001043551,0.001078342,0.0001354481,0.0000595659,0.0179227],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.001220104,0.9884769,0.008116097,0.00003783227,0.0005855197,0.0002432501,0.000614775,0.0001325516,0.0005729598],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5323837,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995817,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3033507295","doi":"10.1177/0003702820929064","title":"Critical Review of Processing and Classification Techniques for Images and Spectra in Microplastic Research","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Spectroscopy","topic":"Microplastics and Plastic Pollution","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":274,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Microplastics; Spectral line; Materials science; Computer science; Chemistry; Environmental chemistry; Physics; Astronomy","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0400817873870428,"gpt":0.3336075773506398,"spread":0.293525789963597,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003702737,0.00008079262,0.0001557135,0.00003194458,0.00006666408,0.00002379584,0.00006619625,0.00004091482,0.00006747489],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000282434,0.00007530246,0.00001001633,0.0001984379,0.0003296871,0.00005348582,0.00005920518,0.0001382859,0.000008370063],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004235691,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001712058,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009756228,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005529589,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991574,0.00002330708,0.0001963472,0.000276777,0.0001422104,0.0002039624],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995849,0.0002267492,0.00003898452,0.00006485383,0.00001317334,0.00007134231],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004441111,0.00002311563,0.0003732927,0.001253033,8.865209e-7,4.376119e-7,0.00007584313,2.596651e-7,0.9890352,0.003623852,0.002213285,0.003356363],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005661008,0.0005608388,0.01868558,0.001728947,0.00004441821,0.00001147658,0.0001494105,0.003707558,0.9550423,0.01138392,0.007755365,0.0003640953],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.2558888,0.02301422,0.6408313,0.02341102,0.0001836337,0.007180751,0.0002526461,0.0002371202,0.04900047],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9542766,0.002831737,0.04255294,0.0002140558,0.00005405733,0.00005112257,0.00000440653,0.00001042024,0.000004673011],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6983877,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3070745,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2620378345","doi":"10.1177/0003702817709299","title":"A Review of the Principles and Applications of Near-Infrared Spectroscopy to Characterize Meat, Fat, and Meat Products","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Applied Spectroscopy","topic":"Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":239,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"P&P Optica (Canada); Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Processed meat; Quality (philosophy); Meat packing industry; Near-infrared spectroscopy; Quality assurance; Biochemical engineering; Process engineering; Food science; Business; Environmental science; Computer science; Chemistry; Marketing; Engineering; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.06122573921033878,"gpt":0.3391597857062665,"spread":0.2779340464959277,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003156965,0.0009044104,0.00373564,0.000215646,0.000382358,0.0001302536,0.001454121,0.0003827055,0.0002770109],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003130454,0.0006570963,0.0004408197,0.001094461,0.0006675516,0.00008237118,0.0007285416,0.0007080848,0.00001830209],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001225981,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004513654,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003753816,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008357396,"domain_scores_codex":[0.996125,0.00004915963,0.001438798,0.001250427,0.0005328261,0.0006037813],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9944525,0.0001965636,0.002106659,0.002845601,0.0001647727,0.0002339307],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"systematic_review","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001087934,0.0005920205,0.000205294,0.7301327,0.002260132,0.000004468212,0.0002622557,1.261614e-7,0.1446536,0.01280269,0.005837166,0.1031407],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002140856,0.00003754548,0.00003006043,0.01952963,0.002813691,0.00002537611,0.00001726895,3.381114e-7,0.1504432,0.0001797599,0.8261783,0.0005307769],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0001116097,0.9730182,0.00009214588,0.0001371823,0.000043902,0.002242451,0.0003695327,0.00006358783,0.02392143],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00009519103,0.9928302,0.00368373,0.0001399422,0.0003473354,0.0007666906,0.0001227018,0.000118291,0.00189597],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8203411,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999588,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3084356091","doi":"10.1177/0003702820938993","title":"Isolation and Extraction of Microplastics from Environmental Samples: An Evaluation of Practical Approaches and Recommendations for Further Harmonization","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Applied Spectroscopy","topic":"Microplastics and Plastic Pollution","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":216,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Microplastics; Harmonization; Sample (material); Biochemical engineering; Standardization; Computer science; Isolation (microbiology); Environmental science; Government (linguistics); Data science; Environmental chemistry; Engineering; Chemistry; Biology; Chromatography","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.09676641067871798,"gpt":0.3298533688830937,"spread":0.2330869582043757,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003394361,0.0002306265,0.0005038825,0.00005204134,0.00007869592,0.00002530318,0.00005939206,0.0001919413,0.0003217867],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007687818,0.0002232195,0.00004902797,0.00009506464,0.0001442845,0.0001284045,0.00005693412,0.0001454193,0.00000843304],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000166824,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005180011,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003441834,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001867619,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985728,0.0001122435,0.0004921297,0.0004395531,0.0002527365,0.0001305465],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987342,0.0004240364,0.0006090463,0.0001488788,0.000007572231,0.00007630156],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001642218,0.0004328999,0.0001863136,0.001023782,0.0002052718,2.351508e-7,0.001088335,0.0001344555,0.114311,0.00165117,0.000360453,0.8804419],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005719337,0.002022293,0.003428118,0.002181406,0.02017628,0.00008413024,0.0023185,0.2061113,0.03175736,0.01381118,0.7093639,0.003026264],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.005555667,0.2375796,0.7502196,0.0001272237,0.0002250045,0.003446535,0.002594004,0.00002828711,0.0002239953],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.05791605,0.7560245,0.1828457,0.00001169012,0.0001359478,0.0001439971,0.002858193,0.00006001153,0.000003882906],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8774157,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9102626,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2129212170","doi":"10.1366/000370202760249675","title":"Analytical Applications of Volatile Metal Derivatives","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Spectroscopy","topic":"Analytical chemistry methods development","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":168,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Metal; Chemistry; Nanotechnology; Materials science; Environmental chemistry; Organic chemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02373786862629295,"gpt":0.2875979055071001,"spread":0.2638600368808071,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001055226,0.0002132096,0.000370189,0.00004645367,0.00007016736,0.00001566078,0.0003119711,0.0001202783,0.01429414],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004883758,0.0002085802,0.0001085113,0.0003374416,0.0002331702,0.00003485468,0.00008793689,0.0002432179,0.0001698827],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000941024,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002513009,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00000275669,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":4.182487e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985134,0.000008081409,0.0004273609,0.0003973549,0.0003254634,0.000328341],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989999,0.000180036,0.0001361222,0.0004902888,0.00004546429,0.0001481688],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000217961,0.0002669972,0.001016335,0.0001071088,0.0001611171,0.000001918241,0.0001261853,0.000004025792,0.9615484,0.03457575,0.0005510531,0.001619261],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002882996,0.00000833739,0.0001058676,0.000007744061,0.00007035719,0.000003003573,0.0001221694,0.002344176,0.9840818,0.00462839,0.008107008,0.000232822],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.03298429,0.0001545268,0.1665022,0.0001789153,0.00001139998,0.0001543389,0.00002223748,0.0001549888,0.7998371],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.875794,0.00002452173,0.1209757,0.00004475858,0.0001114589,0.0001147412,0.00001986332,0.00002921684,0.002885784],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8428097,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.986607,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2016941099","doi":"10.1366/0003702001950571","title":"Derivative Preprocessing and Optimal Corrections for Baseline Drift in Multivariate Calibration","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Spectroscopy","topic":"Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":148,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"","keywords":"Covariance; Calibration; Noise (video); Statistics; Covariance matrix; Derivative (finance); Mathematics; Preprocessor; Projection (relational algebra); Algorithm; Multivariate statistics; Filter (signal processing); Computer science; Artificial intelligence","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01189000357514617,"gpt":0.2810251296443119,"spread":0.2691351260691657,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001260924,0.0002043766,0.0002768189,0.0001194035,0.0001886439,0.00007549822,0.0001012225,0.0001255485,0.001848027],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005592095,0.0002096106,0.00004374751,0.0004649332,0.00007384865,0.0001390471,0.00001835887,0.0001996086,0.000007707094],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008882988,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004877749,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009962499,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003603958,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987686,0.000008823611,0.0002934507,0.0004861906,0.00011169,0.0003311976],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994407,0.0001885056,0.00008336287,0.0001894643,0.00002415167,0.00007383709],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004357969,0.0002285355,0.002227808,0.00008161891,0.00006046434,0.000001679771,0.0007620901,0.0009580237,0.9909082,0.001084311,0.0002311827,0.003020259],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001248585,0.00003374657,0.0004281197,0.00001801379,0.00007572093,0.000002754838,0.0005394018,0.02539995,0.970275,0.001071696,0.0006424183,0.0002646175],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.87392,0.000226576,0.1034985,0.0001731793,0.00002693692,0.0002741543,0.00003635249,0.0001769018,0.02166735],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9697027,0.00006062297,0.02847191,0.0001157694,0.0001525432,0.0001913725,0.00007871136,0.00003218027,0.001194219],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.09578267,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9990644,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2015886346","doi":"10.1366/11-06550","title":"A Small-Window Moving Average-Based Fully Automated Baseline Estimation Method for Raman Spectra","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Spectroscopy","topic":"Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":121,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre; University of British Columbia","funders":"British Columbia Knowledge Development Fund; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of British Columbia; CMC Microsystems","keywords":"Baseline (sea); Stripping (fiber); Spectral line; Raman spectroscopy; Statistics; Algorithm; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Mathematics; Chemistry; Optics; Physics; Materials science; Chromatography","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02102411190764271,"gpt":0.3053327572653193,"spread":0.2843086453576766,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008834457,0.0005896609,0.0007352339,0.0003552444,0.0003702516,0.0001495042,0.0004455602,0.0003325561,0.00233949],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002614638,0.0005981412,0.0003044867,0.0008920757,0.0000743662,0.0001678337,0.00005840461,0.0004391055,0.0001404981],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004649044,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001519143,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006120515,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000009719004,"domain_scores_codex":[0.996878,0.00004042325,0.0006682454,0.0007190007,0.0004077157,0.001286563],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9976755,0.0007590416,0.0003760149,0.0007464832,0.00008907786,0.0003538182],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003274236,0.0004694022,0.0006399625,0.000273824,0.0002223877,0.000002971402,0.0001413243,0.002469437,0.9873182,0.005421094,0.001578521,0.001135408],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001731808,0.00005293245,0.000166749,0.00001934515,0.0004173133,0.000008656821,0.0001135327,0.1645692,0.8306355,0.0009172512,0.0008096275,0.0005580666],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.05391151,0.0003276868,0.9274838,0.0003345126,0.0001068542,0.0004970695,0.00007117867,0.001738385,0.01552904],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.5677456,0.000007453183,0.4302651,0.0004192864,0.0005577884,0.0002640826,0.0003121655,0.00009474127,0.0003337964],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5138341,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999647,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2044063486","doi":"10.1366/000370210792080966","title":"Variability in Raman Spectra of Single Human Tumor Cells Cultured <i>in vitro</i>: Correlation with Cell Cycle and Culture Confluency","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Spectroscopy","topic":"Spectroscopy Techniques in Biomedical and Chemical Research","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":107,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria; BC Cancer Agency","funders":"BC Cancer Agency","keywords":"Cell cycle; Flow cytometry; Raman spectroscopy; Cell culture; Cell; Biology; Chemistry; Cell biology; Molecular biology; Biochemistry; Genetics; Physics; Optics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.002992311845241038,"gpt":0.2456226216796162,"spread":0.2426303098343752,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003493417,0.0002103631,0.0002721309,0.00006166605,0.000043719,0.00002122668,0.0002331447,0.0002642091,0.00005011827],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003313326,0.0001721843,0.00003781339,0.000237354,0.0004071011,0.000005793532,0.0000875405,0.0005274078,0.000001840658],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003629253,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004829502,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005338536,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007327992,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984915,0.00003926748,0.0003151626,0.0005354304,0.0002369959,0.000381649],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993482,0.0000252567,0.0001016029,0.0003653365,0.0000402099,0.0001193815],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003380658,0.0004190305,0.001378865,0.00004432474,0.000005583896,0.000003959108,0.00008633923,0.000001255358,0.9966949,0.0007739386,0.0002208833,0.00003291175],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009973394,0.0003526383,0.0005727583,0.0000118762,0.000007324488,0.000003954173,0.00003741097,0.00002471394,0.993125,0.003683472,0.0009840308,0.0001994702],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9802539,0.00004288687,0.001349548,0.00005095795,0.00002888596,0.0004430035,0.00001855693,0.00002134063,0.01779092],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9813455,0.00002312099,0.01819421,0.00007616389,0.00007519674,0.00005172153,0.0000956589,0.00002134227,0.0001170851],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01767384,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7021472,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2120119943","doi":"10.1366/12-06629","title":"Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrochemical Imaging: Review of Design and Applications with a Focal Plane Array and Multiple Beam Synchrotron Radiation Source","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Spectroscopy","topic":"Spectroscopy Techniques in Biomedical and Chemical Research","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":101,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"","keywords":"Optics; Beamline; Synchrotron radiation; Synchrotron; Raster scan; Infrared; Image resolution; Cardinal point; Materials science; Physics; Microscope; Beam (structure)","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.005483394669854074,"gpt":0.2613204217638448,"spread":0.2558370270939907,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002872346,0.0002111665,0.0002685958,0.00004347081,0.00006903248,0.0000136286,0.0001528829,0.0001298834,0.00003489],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004050885,0.0001735803,0.00003930619,0.0001442306,0.0004004275,0.000008981535,0.0000516979,0.0002091814,0.000001807314],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003591998,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005162372,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000003921818,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.74763e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986547,0.00002222592,0.0002536011,0.0003606454,0.0002723115,0.0004365526],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992724,0.00006286173,0.00008561982,0.0002932029,0.00003427527,0.0002516267],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002586727,0.0001074286,0.0006748352,0.0004069039,0.00003425661,2.17245e-7,0.0000212308,1.395413e-7,0.9929256,0.0001944624,0.001902488,0.003473741],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005706481,0.0002283494,0.0000920251,0.0001222045,0.00004347419,0.00002953188,0.00001595766,0.00002295304,0.9582022,0.000419335,0.04005718,0.0001961694],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.04147611,0.02377979,0.925292,0.0004477674,0.00001384576,0.00199982,0.00002255149,0.00006899022,0.006899176],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8884971,0.0188832,0.09039043,0.0006716292,0.000458349,0.000614434,0.0002981093,0.00006110623,0.0001256504],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.847021,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7078397,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1985816453","doi":"10.1366/000370209789553291","title":"Gold Nanoparticle Based Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Spectroscopy of Cancerous and Normal Nasopharyngeal Tissues under Near-Infrared Laser Excitation","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Spectroscopy","topic":"Spectroscopy Techniques in Biomedical and Chemical Research","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":99,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Ministry of Education and Child Care; Occupational Cancer Research Centre","funders":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","keywords":"Raman scattering; Raman spectroscopy; Colloidal gold; Chemistry; Excitation; Nucleic acid; Nanoparticle; Spectroscopy; Infrared; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Infrared spectroscopy; Laser; Materials science; Optics; Nanotechnology; Biochemistry; Chromatography","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.007814682276068609,"gpt":0.287343591786989,"spread":0.2795289095109204,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001921613,0.0002765474,0.0003214743,0.00004651472,0.0001066472,0.00006498222,0.0002866403,0.0002082118,0.0001220796],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002727018,0.0002707588,0.00007052523,0.0002499425,0.0004033622,0.00001273037,0.0000932926,0.0002219087,0.000008837546],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007493282,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001134598,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003366858,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001082029,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9980506,0.00003382529,0.0003573115,0.0005707323,0.0003828995,0.000604672],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991491,0.00003152158,0.0001167259,0.0004199138,0.00006478511,0.0002178849],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006127664,0.0001355089,0.0001768849,0.00003429526,0.00002405091,0.000002349654,0.00003544707,0.00003637739,0.9963485,0.0002791483,0.001842888,0.0004717862],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001056517,0.0009308202,0.001903954,0.00002747736,0.00001764034,0.000002372468,0.00003168558,0.0002410702,0.9924123,0.002407114,0.0006951858,0.0002738572],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9861251,0.0003816891,0.007118495,0.0003778166,0.0000480245,0.0003572153,0.00001751661,0.00007355603,0.005500556],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9751696,0.0001800707,0.0234478,0.0006486754,0.0001449392,0.00003350876,0.00009013456,0.00003201624,0.0002532777],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0163293,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999745,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2008582840","doi":"10.1366/000370207779701352","title":"Raman Microspectroscopic Analysis of Triterpenoids Found in Plant Cuticles","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Spectroscopy","topic":"Plant Surface Properties and Treatments","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":86,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Cuticle (hair); Cutin; Wax; Ursolic acid; Chemistry; Oleanolic acid; Plant cuticle; Triterpenoid; Chromatography; Raman spectroscopy; Botany; Biochemistry; Biology; Stereochemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0118061872765266,"gpt":0.2251681477351287,"spread":0.2133619604586021,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002422845,0.0001565281,0.0003838638,0.00007048083,0.00007476988,0.00003034507,0.0001855946,0.00007515059,0.0001886979],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000004526465,0.00006456589,0.00009094609,0.001185564,0.00005356294,0.00004120836,0.000040058,0.00009599973,0.00001884209],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000671965,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000005570205,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001040312,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.008317326,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987639,0.00001405443,0.0003323231,0.0002939084,0.0001781435,0.0004177139],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996224,0.0001187026,0.00009914004,0.00007637874,0.00001470747,0.000068696],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001976158,0.0001777775,0.1112091,0.000003744504,0.0001388482,0.00001027207,0.00008246589,0.000009268014,0.8859701,0.0007810061,0.0000199439,0.001399941],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003113224,0.0001467337,0.6506124,0.000008591663,0.0001199881,0.00000119153,0.0001413427,0.00005855989,0.347748,0.000276531,0.0004410569,0.0001342478],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9974687,0.0002393314,0.00003550877,0.00006729236,0.00003138149,0.0002060254,0.00007576947,0.00003154478,0.001844523],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990581,0.00005398132,0.0005835081,0.00007672973,0.00002222321,0.000007311749,0.0001368616,0.00000115941,0.00006008924],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5394034,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4641263,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2042569387","doi":"10.1366/000370205775142511","title":"Steady-State and Transient Ultraviolet Resonance Raman Spectrometer for the 193–270 nm Spectral Region","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Spectroscopy","topic":"Spectroscopy Techniques in Biomedical and Chemical Research","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":85,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering; National Institutes of Health","keywords":"Spectrometer; Ultraviolet; Raman spectroscopy; Transient (computer programming); Resonance Raman spectroscopy; Resonance (particle physics); Chemistry; Ultraviolet radiation; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Nuclear magnetic resonance; Materials science; Photochemistry; Optics; Atomic physics; Physics; Optoelectronics; Radiochemistry; Chromatography","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01075235857145113,"gpt":0.2864574507987229,"spread":0.2757050922272717,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003208917,0.0003187875,0.0002660654,0.00005524034,0.0002294558,0.00007473589,0.0004974667,0.0001968833,0.00006518476],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004074651,0.0002319918,0.0001445162,0.0001715915,0.0005355561,0.000006513513,0.0001026258,0.0003737782,0.00001500091],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007695396,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005717842,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001060198,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002451067,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9977443,0.00002631996,0.0003287385,0.0007467958,0.0003370457,0.0008167667],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989912,0.00008996084,0.00007709026,0.0005925339,0.0000432907,0.0002059082],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006667636,0.0001091862,0.0000468836,0.0000210384,0.00004259694,0.000002315315,0.00006827014,0.000001192374,0.9643849,0.002564054,0.0244721,0.007620676],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008151,0.0004550323,0.0004284217,0.00001133907,0.00002108726,0.00002166525,0.00003328047,0.0000717822,0.7418326,0.001992684,0.254073,0.0002439926],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8460269,0.004205283,0.1180461,0.007624948,0.0001603931,0.002420926,0.00008517019,0.0001380129,0.02129222],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9703205,0.003427207,0.02067008,0.00143493,0.001050117,0.0004243902,0.00007017277,0.0000663882,0.002536274],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2296009,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.946035,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2786867706","doi":"10.1177/0003702818767133","title":"The Spectrum of the Universe","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Spectroscopy","topic":"Astrophysics and Cosmic Phenomena","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":80,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Physics; Observational cosmology; Multipole expansion; Cosmology; Milky Way; Universe; Galaxy; Astrophysics; Electromagnetic spectrum; Cosmic background radiation; Spectral line; COSMIC cancer database; Astronomy; Cosmic microwave background; Dark energy; Quantum mechanics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.003491806388798623,"gpt":0.1990748846891106,"spread":0.195583078300312,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00005721793,0.000104459,0.000101737,0.000009340084,0.0003600488,0.00002422102,0.0004051696,0.00001075244,0.0001737985],"category_scores_gemma":[4.418135e-7,0.00005938541,0.00007687556,0.0001774771,0.0003301144,0.00002202454,0.0001597325,0.000116546,0.00009132356],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002049229,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005761016,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005276812,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005312637,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993412,0.0000120366,0.0001232622,0.0001417232,0.0001332183,0.0002485584],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993565,0.00002580504,0.0001116725,0.0004554908,0.00001939694,0.00003113188],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002243243,0.00003187757,0.0006924321,6.346709e-7,0.0000366305,3.452561e-8,0.0001314694,0.00000260164,0.05519191,0.9401286,0.001597625,0.00216372],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003917991,0.00006981425,0.002548922,0.000005117496,0.00002739434,1.111881e-7,0.0008619569,0.00006886631,0.4623819,0.5148175,0.01868701,0.0001395423],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4397323,0.00001080465,0.009304943,0.0006167757,0.0002765002,0.0002565056,0.00001546546,0.00001937862,0.5497673],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985112,0.000001337217,0.0002087483,0.00004936274,0.0005874058,0.000008578563,0.000001386113,0.00001220077,0.0006197641],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5587789,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2769241,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2090725078","doi":"10.1366/0003702042641236","title":"Accuracy and Precision of Manual Baseline Determination","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Spectroscopy","topic":"Optical Imaging and Spectroscopy Techniques","field":"Medicine","cited_by":74,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Baseline (sea); Accuracy and precision; Computer science; Noise (video); SIGNAL (programming language); Statistics; Mathematics; Artificial intelligence; Geology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.00954661599449363,"gpt":0.3259915098361473,"spread":0.3164448938416536,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002351655,0.0001397322,0.0002816649,0.0001161326,0.00004409052,0.00001689131,0.00006020339,0.00007544985,0.00004680842],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001093496,0.0001200414,0.00004211445,0.0001411431,0.0001237882,0.00006670567,0.0000383104,0.0001791887,0.00001262116],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006877395,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005140795,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001920498,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002058661,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990295,0.00001008154,0.0002651294,0.0002645378,0.0002266191,0.0002041897],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994106,0.00009309531,0.00008303206,0.0002612881,0.00005137777,0.0001006068],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002315857,0.0001875048,0.0004269658,0.0000584419,0.000009688264,0.000008271414,0.0001064681,9.077713e-7,0.968157,0.01519811,0.0001142252,0.01550084],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001115209,0.0004458911,0.002899267,0.00008205012,0.00005465789,0.00003404402,0.00003915182,0.0001539921,0.9805623,0.01415646,0.0003482309,0.00010875],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8523461,0.0002298511,0.1241547,0.001281335,0.00004192363,0.000647577,0.000006266447,0.0002549142,0.02103725],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7938707,0.000194518,0.2055589,0.0002012365,0.00007913422,0.00001777117,0.00001224156,0.00001724669,0.00004832487],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.08140411,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4895144,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2091256620","doi":"10.1366/000370209787392102","title":"Optical Interference Effects in the Design of Substrates for Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Spectroscopy","topic":"Gold and Silver Nanoparticles Synthesis and Applications","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":66,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada; National Institute for Nanotechnology; University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Alberta; Government of Alberta","keywords":"Raman spectroscopy; Substrate (aquarium); Oxide; Wafer; Materials science; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Intensity (physics); Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy; Silicon; Raman scattering; Thermal oxidation; Layer (electronics); Interference (communication); Optoelectronics; Optics; Chemistry; Nanotechnology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01754224727980278,"gpt":0.2680481036658285,"spread":0.2505058563860257,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005672546,0.0001862281,0.0003205584,0.0000348489,0.0001062852,0.00008903741,0.0004861207,0.0000637984,0.00004048245],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002909259,0.0001297708,0.00006213788,0.0002251351,0.0001166167,0.00006480836,0.00001609648,0.0001059179,0.00004140899],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003170453,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004199311,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00000671813,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005807826,"domain_scores_codex":[0.99861,0.00005768644,0.0003556128,0.0003558714,0.000183186,0.0004376546],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998835,0.0006000628,0.0001084346,0.0003749272,0.00002825676,0.00005332229],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000159133,0.000226972,0.00001945368,0.00001392906,0.000002477506,5.424915e-7,0.000309799,0.0001916167,0.9074189,0.09134939,0.0001316897,0.0001760677],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004905429,0.0003841944,0.00141994,0.00002541831,0.00001860913,8.125305e-7,0.0001524758,0.0002507507,0.9716405,0.02546353,0.00001110757,0.0001421583],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9094684,0.00005540391,0.08745711,0.000397589,0.00003831382,0.001041669,0.000005066304,0.0000411138,0.001495308],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9502056,0.00001805077,0.04939674,0.0001714411,0.00004817878,0.0001394732,0.000002934274,0.00001015066,0.000007433734],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.06588586,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5291901,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2017736337","doi":"10.1366/0003702053641531","title":"Investigation of the State of Local Thermodynamic Equilibrium of a Laser-Produced Aluminum Plasma","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Spectroscopy","topic":"Laser-induced spectroscopy and plasma","field":"Engineering","cited_by":63,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal; National Research Council Canada; Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"","keywords":"Thermodynamic equilibrium; Plasma; Laser; Atomic physics; Ionization; Chemistry; Boltzmann constant; Excited state; Impurity; Excimer laser; Ultraviolet; Ion; Thermodynamics; Physics; Optics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.007552897850048574,"gpt":0.1996380901121783,"spread":0.1920851922621298,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002171026,0.0002607016,0.0004301061,0.0001032855,0.00003134249,0.000008284288,0.0004032106,0.0001107789,0.00006522254],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000009943667,0.000215509,0.0001170679,0.0004530888,0.0002821683,0.0001062762,0.00006328517,0.0002894312,0.00002183331],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001111536,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009200042,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003573922,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001159953,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983944,0.0000359054,0.0006007248,0.0002569656,0.0003502971,0.0003617283],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989504,0.00008883674,0.0002262131,0.0006143578,0.00004719638,0.00007300846],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007448029,0.00002902613,0.0001643643,0.0001373377,0.00006668787,3.241072e-7,0.0005313238,0.03794309,0.9591483,0.001132654,0.0001347484,0.0006376742],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005515176,0.00007004836,0.001349615,0.00004683012,0.00003875759,0.000002244611,0.00005635406,0.03221456,0.9634082,0.00204341,0.00003776676,0.0001806869],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9935794,0.00003429038,0.001352199,0.00008775052,0.0001708427,0.0003978807,0.00006232021,0.00009891981,0.004216397],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9978161,0.00001853377,0.001923685,0.00002489378,0.00007252661,0.00002229848,0.00001431411,0.00005351604,0.00005412867],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.005728529,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8788204,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2144679788","doi":"10.1366/000370206778999085","title":"Detection and Mapping of Latent Fingerprints by Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Spectroscopy","topic":"Laser-induced spectroscopy and plasma","field":"Engineering","cited_by":59,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Fingerprint (computing); Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy; Spectroscopy; Laser; Substrate (aquarium); Wafer; Materials science; Ridge; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Latent image; Chemistry; Optics; Optoelectronics; Chromatography; Artificial intelligence; Physics; Computer science; Geology; Image (mathematics)","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.005835432464256212,"gpt":0.1934578339146816,"spread":0.1876224014504254,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002065816,0.0004887986,0.0005547486,0.0002264178,0.0001663092,0.00008217827,0.0002279794,0.0002721081,0.0001368935],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000007558243,0.0005239176,0.00009933022,0.0004649959,0.00008313081,0.0001504033,0.00005669865,0.0004948637,0.00009649264],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002111697,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002788945,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002360146,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001426985,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9977515,0.00002674103,0.000591555,0.0005424077,0.0003378897,0.0007498488],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991467,0.00008766504,0.0001397877,0.0004440967,0.00003116329,0.0001505767],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005654256,0.00007655128,0.0004101122,0.00009096769,0.00005615558,0.000004934435,0.00008636971,0.0002697242,0.9965073,0.0007075906,0.0009396825,0.000794047],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008324414,0.0001181392,0.003118305,0.0000340923,0.0000389063,0.00001536309,0.00003417343,0.00236962,0.9900542,0.001901541,0.0009910166,0.0004921224],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9720762,0.0001194928,0.007417152,0.00005041102,0.0003276678,0.0004551201,0.00004589196,0.0005411556,0.01896686],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.995379,0.0001182701,0.003938146,0.00003956661,0.0002339113,0.00006285327,0.00004505541,0.00009804763,0.00008514863],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02330275,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997212,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1987931506","doi":"10.1366/000370208786049079","title":"Fully Automated High-Performance Signal-to-Noise Ratio Enhancement Based on an Iterative Three-Point Zero-Order Savitzky—Golay Filter","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Spectroscopy","topic":"Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":57,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"British Columbia Knowledge Development Fund; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; CMC Microsystems","keywords":"Binary Golay code; Smoothing; Filter (signal processing); Algorithm; Computer science; Noise (video); Subtraction; Mathematics; Artificial intelligence; Computer vision; Arithmetic","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01169312569555545,"gpt":0.2528082975957487,"spread":0.2411151719001932,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001839825,0.0007566945,0.0007607767,0.0003902132,0.0005718466,0.000134312,0.0005953682,0.0002557861,0.008647227],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002244476,0.000701586,0.0001278602,0.001330806,0.0001690717,0.0002481154,0.00008373468,0.0005597293,0.0008809902],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005128009,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002229243,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005849792,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001388127,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9962546,0.00002987261,0.000691269,0.001185695,0.0008381288,0.001000472],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9979357,0.0001329026,0.0002722509,0.001106021,0.0001652943,0.0003878096],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007323232,0.0007750699,0.0008934162,0.0000528938,0.0001328619,0.00002656557,0.0003432741,0.003334853,0.988924,0.00043623,0.004163491,0.0001850122],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00163788,0.0007048051,0.001109019,0.00003944461,0.0001116815,0.000006358874,0.00005686077,0.02647723,0.9686443,0.0001585045,0.0002579088,0.0007959792],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8974743,0.00004240823,0.07509525,0.0002642654,0.00008737343,0.0004777288,0.00005220126,0.0008636661,0.02564279],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9765038,0.00002546,0.01933073,0.001933195,0.000294428,0.0004107703,0.0003009102,0.0001074963,0.001093175],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.07902952,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998969,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2076863175","doi":"10.1366/14-07561","title":"A Raman Spectroscopic Study of Cell Response to Clinical Doses of Ionizing Radiation","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Spectroscopy","topic":"Spectroscopy Techniques in Biomedical and Chemical Research","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":56,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus; University of British Columbia; BC Cancer Agency; University of Victoria","funders":"","keywords":"Ionizing radiation; LNCaP; Radiation sensitivity; Radiation therapy; Radiation; Non-ionizing radiation; Cancer research; Chemistry; Nuclear medicine; Prostate cancer; Pathology; Medicine; Irradiation; Cancer; Internal medicine; Optics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03136279470405601,"gpt":0.3842974759262149,"spread":0.3529346812221589,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0012362,0.0001948909,0.0004044434,0.0001292283,0.00003689135,0.00001402184,0.0004775846,0.0002000591,0.00003704364],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004291809,0.0001779988,0.00009167927,0.0003879008,0.000186942,0.000003260267,0.0002804672,0.000229098,0.00001643696],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006131498,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002192881,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002907749,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000538849,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9977469,0.0001623471,0.0006519277,0.0005195121,0.0005439018,0.0003754235],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986188,0.00009335518,0.0001877093,0.0006510635,0.0001200304,0.0003290172],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.003721261,0.001076366,0.005664951,0.00001851357,0.00003315665,0.000002111379,0.0001729993,0.000002071946,0.9853057,0.0001052495,0.003700422,0.0001971808],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001864573,0.006145716,0.002973952,0.00001103939,0.00001986326,8.572133e-7,0.000475693,0.000005066007,0.9850591,0.0004265984,0.00285701,0.0001605633],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9917244,0.0001200424,0.003128387,0.0001060925,0.0001006236,0.0007106169,0.000006806694,0.00002917082,0.004073916],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9883785,0.0000670279,0.0108728,0.00009872037,0.0002476605,0.00007291714,0.00002006815,0.00002852568,0.0002138037],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.007744414,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7258579,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2022027381","doi":"10.1366/000370208785793380","title":"Attenuated Total Reflection Infrared Spectroscopy: An Efficient Technique to Quantitatively Determine the Orientation and Conformation of Proteins in Single Silk Fibers","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Spectroscopy","topic":"Silk-based biomaterials and applications","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":52,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Attenuated total reflection; SILK; Infrared; Infrared spectroscopy; Reflection (computer programming); Spectroscopy; Orientation (vector space); Materials science; Chemistry; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Optics; Chromatography; Composite material; Organic chemistry; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02223739159244746,"gpt":0.2863074520826358,"spread":0.2640700604901883,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003832318,0.0001743941,0.0002265665,0.0001562241,0.0002309182,0.0000454877,0.0001454531,0.00007357685,0.00004251457],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002904681,0.0001406213,0.0000219986,0.0005279774,0.0001851289,0.0001714635,0.00004195516,0.00007188266,0.00001876561],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001266732,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006107199,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001760969,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006432668,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986211,0.00006465146,0.0004554522,0.0003472672,0.0002446698,0.0002668465],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992799,0.00005022777,0.000239296,0.0002890188,0.00007155957,0.00006995494],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002423532,0.0001485019,0.00005490777,0.00001722696,0.000002300814,8.39931e-7,0.001571507,0.0005880886,0.9958722,0.001420558,0.00004327982,0.00003821245],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004575498,0.0005110881,0.005298494,0.00002254385,0.000007994159,0.00001589122,0.0004031029,0.0005483818,0.9922121,0.0003355748,0.00002849808,0.0001588536],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9695462,0.000007264448,0.02774188,0.000127164,0.00006227876,0.001888087,0.00003999165,0.00008838542,0.0004987246],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9608886,0.000004341288,0.03833547,0.00006229491,0.00003806971,0.0005990721,0.00004414755,0.00001693436,0.00001111219],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01059359,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5734372,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2012232822","doi":"10.1366/00037020260377742","title":"Spectroscopic Study of Ultrashort Pulse Laser-Breakdown Plasmas in Air","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Spectroscopy","topic":"Laser-induced spectroscopy and plasma","field":"Engineering","cited_by":50,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Hydro-Québec; Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"","keywords":"Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy; Laser; Plasma; Femtosecond; Ionization; Atomic physics; Nanosecond; Spectroscopy; Emission spectrum; Atomic emission spectroscopy; Chemistry; Ultrafast laser spectroscopy; Materials science; Spectral line; Ion; Optics; Physics; Inductively coupled plasma; Nuclear physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01030769639743001,"gpt":0.2120629756995103,"spread":0.2017552793020803,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002149086,0.0005887565,0.0008303662,0.0004278323,0.00009834919,0.00002981776,0.0005264417,0.0002400955,0.001619071],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001561389,0.0006144387,0.0001055684,0.0009965666,0.0000794724,0.0001897202,0.00005279903,0.0008071577,0.0005701633],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002823989,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002199937,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001207739,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008850254,"domain_scores_codex":[0.996966,0.00004789131,0.0008359645,0.0006462903,0.0005129075,0.000990935],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986971,0.0001410633,0.0001035151,0.0008309162,0.00002464688,0.0002027809],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001600743,0.002661486,0.01477948,0.0001661942,0.0002204476,0.0001374017,0.003467745,0.01217662,0.9620442,0.001877854,0.001735447,0.0005730496],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002746155,0.0006710363,0.01285905,0.00003839364,0.00005927359,0.00001165896,0.0007908916,0.002528148,0.978687,0.0004771985,0.0004629823,0.0006682461],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9088902,0.00008246163,0.0001405309,0.00003956466,0.0003590641,0.0009811701,0.00001910936,0.0004438638,0.08904403],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9980584,0.0001653801,0.001000881,0.00005089041,0.0001819742,0.0001698979,0.00001632257,0.0001148759,0.000241364],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.08916821,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996307,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2058691249","doi":"10.1366/000370204322729559","title":"Influence of the Laser Pulse Duration on Spectrochemical Analysis of Solids by Laser-Induced Plasma Spectroscopy","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Spectroscopy","topic":"Laser-induced spectroscopy and plasma","field":"Engineering","cited_by":48,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal; Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"","keywords":"Laser; Picosecond; Pulse duration; Spectroscopy; Nanosecond; Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy; Spectral line; Plasma; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Chemistry; Ultrafast laser spectroscopy; Optics; Materials science; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.005429339997129606,"gpt":0.2178473064196302,"spread":0.2124179664225005,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002426154,0.0006250628,0.0009711256,0.0004019086,0.0001615252,0.00004865567,0.0007822054,0.000362887,0.0001601308],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005082585,0.000530927,0.0004022544,0.002353671,0.0001960783,0.0001817334,0.00007810188,0.0008215585,0.00007457089],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004910051,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001248691,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009113558,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001953739,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9966584,0.00004559812,0.001005853,0.0006498835,0.0008106402,0.000829634],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980748,0.0001641465,0.0003406602,0.001147608,0.00007602663,0.0001967227],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002142939,0.000228217,0.0003361359,0.00005598772,0.0005933029,0.000002906161,0.000209165,0.09318665,0.9004686,0.004380357,0.0003065581,0.00001779971],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001251718,0.0002569607,0.002459785,0.00006010932,0.0005676459,0.000003384082,0.00004614314,0.00185795,0.9916307,0.001318573,0.00006916733,0.0004779187],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9899728,0.00001437929,0.0005769483,0.0001818107,0.0001682358,0.00056892,0.0001941729,0.0002380687,0.008084704],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9980071,0.00006352539,0.001358827,0.0001656682,0.0001148466,0.00006546955,0.0001074834,0.00008745962,0.00002968404],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0913287,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997143,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2000908209","doi":"10.1366/000370207780220813","title":"Use of Chemometrics and Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy for Quantitative Analysis of Major and Minor Elements in Aluminum Alloys","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Spectroscopy","topic":"Laser-induced spectroscopy and plasma","field":"Engineering","cited_by":47,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Université de Montréal","keywords":"Chemometrics; Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy; Multivariate statistics; Univariate; Calibration; Spectroscopy; Matrix (chemical analysis); Analytical Chemistry (journal); Materials science; Laser; Chemistry; Biological system; Mathematics; Optics; Statistics; Chromatography; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02495376861313901,"gpt":0.27442456708494,"spread":0.249470798471801,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006765238,0.0004095496,0.001008143,0.001557574,0.00005963061,0.00004405072,0.0001843687,0.0002286528,0.00004431123],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008961766,0.0004335868,0.0001333665,0.0024431,0.0001162313,0.0001866054,0.0000555587,0.0002703495,0.000001974911],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000140975,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003357038,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001755452,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00106994,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9975234,0.00002079671,0.0009155151,0.0005174241,0.0003218816,0.0007009486],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983487,0.0007841201,0.000247884,0.000374394,0.00007138498,0.0001735614],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000439781,0.0001475909,0.01244301,0.0001851333,0.000791254,0.000003887546,0.0005072203,0.0001835261,0.9809778,0.00385308,0.0001039006,0.0003637606],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00145342,0.0003696776,0.02623634,0.00002564296,0.0005690352,0.000001693669,0.000285944,0.007541021,0.9625825,0.0004253084,0.0001282366,0.0003811501],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9899624,0.00009810716,0.007888099,0.00002401917,0.000113321,0.0008044871,0.0002156866,0.00006675482,0.0008271022],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9313659,0.0001635583,0.06819216,0.00003214184,0.00003878125,0.00004233204,0.00008567456,0.00005616533,0.00002330502],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.06030406,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998116,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3092327551","doi":"10.1177/0003702820966322","title":"Comparison of Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Properties of Serum and Urine for the Detection of Chronic Kidney Disease in Patients","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Spectroscopy","topic":"Spectroscopy Techniques in Biomedical and Chemical Research","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":47,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Institute of Nutrition, Metabolism and Diabetes; Michael Smith Health Research BC","keywords":"Kidney disease; Urine; Renal function; Receiver operating characteristic; Internal medicine; Population; Medicine; Area under the curve; Raman scattering; Urinary system; Gastroenterology; Urology; Chemistry; Raman spectroscopy","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01408387633067521,"gpt":0.2955662600777322,"spread":0.281482383747057,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000722314,0.00009029675,0.0001928637,0.00001616085,0.00002265695,0.000003571495,0.0001574945,0.00005832938,0.000007658633],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007416781,0.00006605469,0.00003862374,0.00009817813,0.0002450325,0.0000019866,0.0001199158,0.00008288466,1.4646e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001781946,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004690162,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009842777,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003063222,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999238,0.00001044407,0.0002504683,0.0001959698,0.0001456945,0.0001594371],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996105,0.00001293671,0.0000947778,0.00015386,0.00003952823,0.00008842432],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008976027,0.0001166311,0.007774838,0.0003639784,0.00001850522,1.826765e-8,0.00004330448,0.000009455508,0.9900501,0.00002600031,0.00004644584,0.0006530692],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007006855,0.0007014498,0.004288138,0.00003721189,0.00001151282,1.713281e-8,0.00002108692,0.0005259067,0.9934211,0.00005676732,0.000172475,0.00006368658],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9930549,0.0004622508,0.005702586,0.0002099008,0.00001393942,0.0004735776,0.00002724261,0.000005995523,0.00004963233],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992316,0.0001773953,0.0004366458,0.00004420769,0.00003873061,0.00004056705,0.00001463932,0.00001106996,0.000005138288],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.006176731,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2693632,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2018829073","doi":"10.1366/10-06010","title":"A Model-Free, Fully Automated Baseline-Removal Method for Raman Spectra","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Spectroscopy","topic":"Spectroscopy Techniques in Biomedical and Chemical Research","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":46,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of British Columbia; CMC Microsystems","keywords":"Raman spectroscopy; Baseline (sea); Spectral line; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Chemistry; Materials science; Optics; Physics; Geology; Environmental chemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02600332118473766,"gpt":0.3406448389521095,"spread":0.3146415177673718,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007165981,0.0003674843,0.0003537493,0.0000978501,0.0001390551,0.00003390913,0.0009715238,0.000406177,0.0002313343],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001995468,0.0003334684,0.0002171344,0.0002422733,0.0002334866,0.000004706785,0.0003311073,0.0002954274,0.00002419169],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006868336,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001728108,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002346778,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001128981,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9973873,0.00004258612,0.0004122046,0.000879155,0.0003822827,0.0008964395],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984071,0.00004751568,0.0001022176,0.00102273,0.0001007568,0.000319634],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000824309,0.0002087716,0.000008467854,0.00003336266,0.00006556871,0.000006045622,0.00003027022,0.000004190487,0.9190041,0.01560697,0.0637008,0.0005071203],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001056119,0.0005014686,0.00001044396,0.000008580597,0.0000343005,0.00002204506,0.00001897863,0.02146566,0.9283292,0.03208294,0.01608906,0.0003812375],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.02064673,0.000156388,0.90732,0.0002765582,0.0000709444,0.0009397487,0.0001013675,0.0005658981,0.06992242],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.09086189,0.0001200571,0.9056985,0.0009283937,0.0004528303,0.0004815456,0.0002537073,0.00009497708,0.001108138],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","teacher_disagreement_score":0.07021515,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999117,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2038515644","doi":"10.1366/000370202760077397","title":"Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy for Microanalysis Using Submillijoule UV Laser Pulses","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Spectroscopy","topic":"Laser-induced spectroscopy and plasma","field":"Engineering","cited_by":45,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy; Laser; Spectroscopy; Plasma; Microanalysis; Range (aeronautics); Materials science; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Atomic emission spectroscopy; Emission spectrum; Optics; Chemistry; Spectral line; Inductively coupled plasma; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02118095367723188,"gpt":0.2376081289255579,"spread":0.216427175248326,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003175302,0.001024843,0.001130824,0.0004933528,0.0005667249,0.0003155457,0.0007201822,0.0004897635,0.001911107],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002887417,0.001074331,0.000499304,0.001136867,0.0001115341,0.0003415884,0.00007864707,0.0007647705,0.0008063833],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006209284,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005196255,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007516443,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001567358,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9955045,0.00004887269,0.0009022898,0.001091743,0.000549504,0.001903091],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9978944,0.0002396212,0.0001915189,0.001124033,0.00009045533,0.0004599919],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008073141,0.000191453,0.0001377548,0.00009568575,0.000385585,0.00002000206,0.0002054384,0.002387293,0.987945,0.0005597423,0.007240138,0.0007511469],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001559058,0.0001748158,0.00006068712,0.00003244243,0.0003537584,0.0000307224,0.0001060746,0.06197981,0.928871,0.0009445312,0.004756894,0.001130163],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9551314,0.0002336228,0.0153155,0.0001887602,0.0008430991,0.001285835,0.0002478887,0.00122458,0.02552929],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9601545,0.0002688921,0.03707245,0.000313692,0.001030981,0.0002499314,0.0001413495,0.0003183552,0.000449828],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.05959252,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999716,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3015416021","doi":"10.1177/0003702820922900","title":"Towards Raman Automation for Microplastics: Developing Strategies for Particle Adhesion and Filter Subsampling","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Spectroscopy","topic":"Microplastics and Plastic Pollution","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":44,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Microplastics; Particle (ecology); Filter (signal processing); Particle filter; Automation; Raman spectroscopy; Process engineering; Computer science; Nanotechnology; Environmental science; Adhesive; Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy; Materials science; Biological system; Chemistry; Physics; Environmental chemistry; Optics; Mechanical engineering; Engineering; Biology; Computer vision; Oceanography; Geology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02317735372338785,"gpt":0.2490791305202613,"spread":0.2259017767968734,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001046433,0.0001360441,0.0001374219,0.00001162671,0.00019702,0.0001046528,0.0000790913,0.00005707319,0.0000931149],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004512945,0.0001294633,0.0000277371,0.00008026321,0.00005784167,0.00009440115,0.00005371783,0.00005263892,0.00004277886],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006759911,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003112055,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000126001,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001853991,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991134,0.000006248305,0.0001905193,0.0003029206,0.00009800745,0.0002888677],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996344,0.0001281932,0.00006873085,0.00006863537,0.000007740971,0.00009231104],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001428642,0.00001054078,0.000178075,0.00005264919,0.00000770642,2.252431e-7,0.0004854404,0.000629651,0.9737102,0.02261178,0.001067922,0.001102883],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001275048,0.0002879981,0.003686011,0.00001955516,0.00004842459,0.000002229847,0.0003407796,0.1085958,0.8622937,0.01622928,0.006858035,0.0003631244],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3702523,0.00001083941,0.6286724,0.0003763146,0.00005008931,0.0003609309,0.00002887219,0.00004521551,0.0002030023],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8329003,0.000008584745,0.1665509,0.0003370781,0.00008993848,0.00006530763,0.00002578603,0.00001576698,0.000006337851],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.462648,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5279359,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2048012131","doi":"10.1366/000370204872926","title":"Dual Source Fourier Transform Polarization Modulation Spectroscopy: An Improved Method for the Measurement of Circular and Linear Dichroism","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Spectroscopy","topic":"Molecular spectroscopy and chirality","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":44,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"ABB (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Optics; Linear dichroism; Fourier transform; Vibrational circular dichroism; Superposition principle; Circular dichroism; Fourier transform spectroscopy; Interferometry; Polarization (electrochemistry); Chemistry; Dichroism; Phase modulation; Physics; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Phase noise","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01300684146840535,"gpt":0.2698446574754383,"spread":0.256837816007033,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007565966,0.000369249,0.0004136632,0.00006121277,0.0003662474,0.00006816907,0.0002495738,0.0002260695,0.00006590586],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003330745,0.0003142618,0.000164828,0.0001826903,0.0001387513,0.0001318767,0.00003569256,0.0003237201,0.000001618023],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002463131,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001496047,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002293852,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009038665,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9977218,0.00002509108,0.0005265175,0.0006357181,0.0005876477,0.0005032642],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987369,0.00004940344,0.0002596256,0.0006940677,0.0001153375,0.0001446703],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003773218,0.000177886,0.00003274083,0.000155811,0.0001455474,6.163046e-7,0.0006819422,0.001578258,0.9860322,0.008951645,0.000004296123,0.00186177],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002269688,0.0001996464,0.0002024567,0.00002272642,0.0002319842,0.000006080277,0.0001815821,0.02777592,0.9498229,0.01846609,0.0005040768,0.0003168593],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.2031419,0.0001936818,0.794367,0.0004611668,0.00005306335,0.000702446,0.00003321949,0.00009928916,0.0009482959],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8604987,0.00004206165,0.1386827,0.0001420702,0.0003055327,0.0001470328,0.00008198054,0.00007365544,0.0000262705],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6573567,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999309,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2164058550","doi":"10.1366/13-07216","title":"A Two-Dimensionally Coincident Second Difference Cosmic Ray Spike Removal Method for the Fully Automated Processing of Raman Spectra","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Spectroscopy","topic":"Spectroscopy Techniques in Biomedical and Chemical Research","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":43,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre; University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of British Columbia","keywords":"Spike (software development); Noise (video); Spectral line; Raman spectroscopy; Computer science; Software; Distortion (music); Detector; Biological system; Automation; Data processing; Cosmic ray; Physics; Optics; Computational physics; Artificial intelligence; Database; Telecommunications; Astrophysics; Engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.009205537158489256,"gpt":0.3302932446667818,"spread":0.3210877075082925,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008732772,0.00028954,0.0003734962,0.00005871145,0.0001846321,0.00004701907,0.0006731162,0.0002011135,0.0001042563],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001736029,0.0002050308,0.0001542477,0.0002116542,0.0003855262,0.000003201107,0.0002247687,0.0002870006,0.000005476817],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005771001,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001829002,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001881171,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001924019,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9977937,0.00006216426,0.0004427538,0.0006331405,0.0004727218,0.0005955179],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986936,0.0002264413,0.0002021792,0.0005849769,0.000135732,0.0001569991],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004999741,0.0001022485,0.00002174806,0.00007773141,0.00005065897,0.000001319766,0.00001899057,0.000005731811,0.9884685,0.004748383,0.00386021,0.002144505],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001075795,0.0004957992,0.0003679705,0.00003047977,0.0000384455,0.00002402375,0.00002504279,0.006440358,0.9728929,0.006467064,0.01189868,0.000243455],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3366222,0.0005583956,0.6507159,0.0005625098,0.0001017861,0.0011901,0.00003608773,0.0002072804,0.01000572],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7506664,0.00005593228,0.24727,0.0007281611,0.0003385102,0.0002190824,0.00009361241,0.00004881958,0.000579558],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4140442,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8360913,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1972710653","doi":"10.1366/000370206778062039","title":"Orientation-Insensitive Spectra for Raman Microspectroscopy","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Spectroscopy","topic":"Silk-based biomaterials and applications","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":41,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Fonds Québécois de la Recherche sur la Nature et les Technologies","keywords":"Raman spectroscopy; Isotropy; High-density polyethylene; Spectral line; Polyethylene; Materials science; Orientation (vector space); Chemistry; Molecular physics; Optics; Composite material; Geometry; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.007121245665123684,"gpt":0.2566253382011109,"spread":0.2495040925359873,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002863621,0.0003350094,0.0003702963,0.00009175939,0.000488364,0.0002802638,0.0002949257,0.0001177317,0.0005434985],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000009648352,0.0003220958,0.0001171973,0.0002793045,0.0002072465,0.0001047319,0.0000405286,0.00007655856,0.0006875332],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001759973,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008876322,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001960446,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006238728,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9977174,0.00002271671,0.0004916824,0.0007823686,0.0002670412,0.000718826],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989536,0.000123887,0.0002298761,0.0005006998,0.00009103381,0.0001009464],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001495619,0.0001278435,0.00006788311,0.00001458999,0.00000593704,0.000001529071,0.00004030587,0.00001291062,0.8253368,0.1684533,0.005769782,0.00001954099],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001081165,0.0001110906,0.001563965,0.000007510399,0.00003809371,0.000006328906,0.00007033096,0.0000258356,0.9611212,0.03130763,0.004296555,0.0003702977],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9334732,0.00004058604,0.05294006,0.000506312,0.0004284115,0.001397107,0.0003093794,0.0004187003,0.01048629],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9074369,0.000005918321,0.08994586,0.0003719432,0.00103443,0.0006063287,0.0002978254,0.00006256847,0.0002382091],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1371457,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999231,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2146824128","doi":"10.1366/0003702011953450","title":"Reflection Absorption Infrared Spectra of Thin Solid Films. Molecular Orientation and Film Structure","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Spectroscopy","topic":"Luminescence and Fluorescent Materials","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":41,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Windsor; Xerox (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Infrared spectroscopy; Infrared; Absorption spectroscopy; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Absorption (acoustics); Chemistry; Molecule; Thin film; Reflection (computer programming); Materials science; Perylene; Alkyl; Molecular vibration; Photochemistry; Optics; Organic chemistry; Nanotechnology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.007480548674573363,"gpt":0.2621443673435785,"spread":0.2546638186690051,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001962414,0.0001832738,0.0002599724,0.00009668796,0.00009444956,0.0000870322,0.0001345001,0.0001165608,0.001168401],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001320299,0.0001696849,0.00003038163,0.0001813,0.00009789555,0.000203182,0.00004105726,0.00008489848,0.00005007776],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004628254,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002735851,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000557323,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001547229,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986853,0.00002886732,0.0003469136,0.0003814338,0.0002751802,0.0002822955],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993939,0.00001191232,0.0002078503,0.0002743956,0.00004888453,0.00006305469],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001620692,0.0000331399,0.0005494336,0.00003454763,0.000005927571,0.00000439726,0.0003245469,0.00007261764,0.9939051,0.004415411,0.0004621071,0.00003066562],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004709135,0.0001037889,0.003529529,0.00001930632,0.00002324432,0.00001369224,0.0001145169,0.000126025,0.987381,0.007969183,0.00008146701,0.0001673109],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9935145,0.00003830195,0.002682804,0.00005371509,0.0002797653,0.0003532095,0.00002208195,0.0000860213,0.002969579],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9916463,0.00007620635,0.007850655,0.0001189697,0.0001272578,0.0000176241,0.0000595642,0.0000210532,0.00008239164],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.006524113,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997447,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2100768980","doi":"10.1366/14-07699","title":"Imaging the Optical near Field in Plasmonic Nanostructures","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Applied Spectroscopy","topic":"Plasmonic and Surface Plasmon Research","field":"Engineering","cited_by":40,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche","keywords":"Plasmon; Nanostructure; Polarization (electrochemistry); Optical phenomena; Focal point; Surface plasmon resonance; Materials science; Optics; Nanophotonics; Spectroscopy; Metamaterial; Nanotechnology; Optoelectronics; Physics; Chemistry; Cardinal point; Nanoparticle","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0113159034664832,"gpt":0.2836954022511208,"spread":0.2723794987846376,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003798839,0.0005822347,0.001359557,0.0001556127,0.0001328268,0.0002201746,0.0008848749,0.0003635314,0.000161182],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000512368,0.0004018541,0.0002603311,0.0004223276,0.000138502,0.00003896415,0.0001449417,0.001981723,0.0005123308],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002343932,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001646593,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001268717,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003049385,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9975452,0.00005704159,0.0006068674,0.0004685706,0.0003875283,0.0009347973],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981405,0.0009734143,0.0000626329,0.0006881421,0.000009505343,0.0001258185],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006903311,0.00007975408,0.00008470265,0.019145,0.0005927542,0.0002348237,0.0003180447,0.006084473,0.0007878284,0.03138993,0.0404093,0.9008043],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002022415,0.00001722769,0.000007670365,0.0008549708,0.00008874543,0.00002827021,0.00001686115,0.005684336,0.001224059,0.000392679,0.9909698,0.0005131014],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.000639814,0.9690111,0.0003287973,0.00005230945,0.0003594472,0.0008158599,0.00001259728,0.0002328568,0.02854721],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.001635684,0.9951466,0.00266247,0.00006910969,0.00005285935,0.0002102142,0.00002955616,0.0001303938,0.0000631464],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9505605,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998434,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2070707236","doi":"10.1366/0003702001950661","title":"Investigation of the Temperature Behavior of the Bands Due to the Methylene Stretching Vibrations of Phospholipid Acyl Chains by Two-Dimensional Infrared Correlation Spectroscopy","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Spectroscopy","topic":"Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":39,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine; Infrared spectroscopy; Phase (matter); Infrared; Chemistry; Spectroscopy; Phase transition; Methylene; Spectral line; Molecular physics; Intramolecular force; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Atmospheric temperature range; Crystallography; Materials science; Phospholipid; Optics; Stereochemistry; Thermodynamics; Physics; Organic chemistry; Membrane","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.007050330823497078,"gpt":0.2361259979906391,"spread":0.229075667167142,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002655163,0.0003428559,0.0005170855,0.00009827548,0.0003904931,0.00003700139,0.0008183851,0.0002065213,0.00168884],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007013428,0.0002093126,0.0002570212,0.001758934,0.0003413505,0.0001056979,0.0001234693,0.0006164188,0.000007382409],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001428202,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002112229,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001733762,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005941776,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9976288,0.00006745696,0.0007608077,0.000429689,0.0007579403,0.0003552843],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9979592,0.0002154541,0.0005567355,0.001060449,0.0001150631,0.00009307703],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008390906,0.0001093687,0.004409256,0.00002807778,0.00009309273,1.958554e-7,0.0008266078,0.001464231,0.9889857,0.001276599,0.002671502,0.00005145549],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000626538,0.0000574897,0.005315741,0.00005022041,0.0003573369,0.000004430005,0.00033471,0.0002954895,0.9918404,0.0008406565,0.00008050838,0.0001964401],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9933289,0.0002680786,0.0001536234,0.0006702797,0.0001135328,0.0004896504,0.0002356976,0.00003764878,0.004702634],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9965754,0.00002056115,0.00171323,0.0003188763,0.0001434849,0.00009842742,0.00009103096,0.0000404444,0.0009985467],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.003704088,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9992238,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2016677779","doi":"10.1366/11-06372","title":"X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) Investigation of the Surface Film on Magnesium Powders","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Spectroscopy","topic":"Aluminum Alloys Composites Properties","field":"Engineering","cited_by":39,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"","keywords":"X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; Magnesium; Materials science; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Spectroscopy; X-ray spectroscopy; Chemistry; Metallurgy; Nuclear magnetic resonance; Physics; Environmental chemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.007654445745303568,"gpt":0.1922710882760647,"spread":0.1846166425307611,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002258745,0.0003817113,0.0003316543,0.00007817967,0.0001320986,0.00003812986,0.0004600486,0.0001361095,0.0001602142],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001008812,0.0003054446,0.0001064152,0.000422308,0.0001870392,0.0001670605,0.00006500074,0.0004407831,0.0002072678],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002992473,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004379085,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002598061,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000007992729,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9980962,0.0000479564,0.0003631964,0.0002722241,0.0004377561,0.0007826263],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989716,0.00007172091,0.0001070167,0.0006862497,0.00002702621,0.0001363326],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005847083,0.00003549904,0.002985819,0.00006514107,0.00003619371,2.205463e-7,0.0007515271,0.006232034,0.9843543,0.003263279,0.002203989,0.00001354081],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003263536,0.0001155391,0.006383716,0.00002037678,0.00004225892,0.000002260058,0.0001050697,0.001522812,0.9902914,0.000452602,0.0004170723,0.0003205625],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9760803,0.000397546,0.0007845411,0.0001455468,0.0005332639,0.0006184749,0.000007649531,0.0003622428,0.02107043],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.994185,0.00002812928,0.0050042,0.0002109563,0.0002132537,0.00004379249,0.00001090414,0.0001082199,0.0001955103],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02087492,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999397,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2006762949","doi":"10.1366/000370205774783151","title":"Multicomponent Peak Modeling of Protein Secondary Structures: Comparison of Gaussian with Lorentzian Analytical Methods for Plant Feed and Seed Molecular Biology and Chemistry Research","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Spectroscopy","topic":"Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":39,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"Gaussian; Plant biology; Chemistry; Statistical physics; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Biological system; Physics; Computational chemistry; Botany; Biology; Chromatography","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.038758535750331,"gpt":0.4135714329441596,"spread":0.3748128971938286,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003960434,0.0002822509,0.0007950593,0.0001819759,0.0001163661,0.00002638895,0.0002320582,0.0002324402,0.0001126575],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005742117,0.0002353364,0.00006758658,0.0003011311,0.0004716691,0.00003200108,0.0001102023,0.0005032726,2.638601e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008299582,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009303914,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006751534,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000006373109,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9980802,0.00003560464,0.0005737165,0.0005814089,0.0002340426,0.0004950367],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989398,0.0002055449,0.0002181468,0.0003736446,0.00009323294,0.0001696514],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007250779,0.0001580057,0.0005963153,0.0005419055,0.0002579492,7.388655e-7,0.0002475781,0.0001793276,0.9909932,0.005715338,0.000004328298,0.0005802102],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001475344,0.0001321329,0.00008067673,0.00003504858,0.0001642259,0.00000592901,0.001040309,0.06965048,0.9247121,0.002430205,0.00005540502,0.0002181028],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9358786,0.001272789,0.05950027,0.0001167966,0.000004358662,0.0003342015,0.00005552337,0.00002905567,0.002808431],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8445008,0.00002082195,0.1552281,0.000007661492,0.00005899498,0.00005584356,0.00007307631,0.0000301405,0.00002455187],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.09572785,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9596741,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2009270465","doi":"10.1366/000370202760076857","title":"Application of Maximum Likelihood Principal Components Regression to Fluorescence Emission Spectra","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Spectroscopy","topic":"Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":39,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"","keywords":"Partial least squares regression; Principal component regression; Calibration; Principal component analysis; Heteroscedasticity; Covariance; Statistics; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Chemometrics; Chemistry; Observational error; Covariance matrix; Mathematics; Chromatography","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01616967345343137,"gpt":0.2648209557928366,"spread":0.2486512823394052,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001214119,0.0004017501,0.0005672736,0.0002588214,0.0001777232,0.00003787996,0.0006534979,0.0002220226,0.002519559],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003889696,0.0003667954,0.0001445505,0.001030359,0.00009720347,0.00007639516,0.0001646358,0.0003780622,0.0003869879],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002345743,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002080644,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005448084,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002831101,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9972914,0.00001169045,0.0005923641,0.0007766936,0.0006541265,0.0006736559],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982675,0.00006725942,0.0003177175,0.0009337682,0.00006665485,0.0003470794],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001207847,0.0004321202,0.002976287,0.00009521943,0.00004538029,0.000003405971,0.0001930551,0.000006075963,0.9906246,0.0008416016,0.001651248,0.003010203],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006343212,0.00006677952,0.0008567173,0.00004888895,0.00009337823,0.00000607273,0.0001212333,0.000819617,0.9930765,0.001708688,0.002195844,0.0003719393],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8598613,0.000515532,0.02348721,0.0004977487,0.00008829551,0.0005135271,0.00003747134,0.0004178307,0.1145811],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9819899,0.0001251497,0.01683128,0.0001070293,0.0002265835,0.00008662005,0.00004646825,0.00005642233,0.0005306015],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1221286,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998784,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2071698309","doi":"10.1366/000370207780466136","title":"From Curdlan Powder to the Triple Helix Gel Structure: An Attenuated Total Reflection—Infrared Study of the Gelation Process","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Spectroscopy","topic":"Aerogels and thermal insulation","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":38,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Fonds Québécois de la Recherche sur la Nature et les Technologies","keywords":"Curdlan; Attenuated total reflection; Triple helix; Infrared; Chemistry; Infrared spectroscopy; Reflection (computer programming); Process (computing); Helix (gastropod); Materials science; Chemical engineering; Optics; Organic chemistry; Stereochemistry; Polysaccharide","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01236896353490602,"gpt":0.2885597293334081,"spread":0.2761907657985021,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001523412,0.000187279,0.0001780206,0.00003099758,0.0002769334,0.00004537189,0.0003002034,0.0001154988,0.0002953846],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001532071,0.0001213108,0.0000415533,0.0003895858,0.00003529323,0.00008505203,0.00005153473,0.0002659483,0.00001221405],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008944845,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003177556,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003532022,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005790345,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986412,0.0000238813,0.0003554435,0.0003397691,0.00038626,0.0002534733],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990471,0.00003517767,0.000217067,0.0005592131,0.00007533882,0.00006610505],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003842921,0.0002264343,0.004515389,0.000007067957,0.0000591625,5.805275e-7,0.005329045,0.0006982849,0.9879279,0.0004163577,0.0000527938,0.0003827276],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001013207,0.00009997997,0.0536302,0.000009004505,0.00005891746,0.000002130412,0.003707367,0.0003661275,0.9367691,0.004047422,0.0001146175,0.0001819717],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9951637,0.00001380991,0.0004797831,0.0001001588,0.0001602133,0.0005131278,0.00004174691,0.00007410888,0.003453302],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989262,3.282443e-7,0.0001679463,0.00008550898,0.0004868236,0.00002598045,0.00007039242,0.00003306837,0.000203798],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0511588,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4946911,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1968924272","doi":"10.1366/0003702001950562","title":"Two-Dimensional Infrared Correlation Analysis of Protein Unfolding: Use of Spectral Simulations to Validate Structural Changes during Thermal Denaturation of Bacterial CMP Kinases","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Spectroscopy","topic":"Protein Structure and Dynamics","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":37,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Institute for Biodiagnostics","funders":"","keywords":"Chemistry; Denaturation (fissile materials); Bacillus subtilis; Protein secondary structure; Enzyme; Kinase; Biochemistry; Biophysics; Escherichia coli; Protein structure; Crystallography; Bacteria; Biology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.007115816601151464,"gpt":0.2444240965974971,"spread":0.2373082799963456,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00004419928,0.0001572241,0.0002845586,0.0001652842,0.00005352857,0.00001378095,0.0001041822,0.0001086023,0.0002351102],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002007121,0.0001507033,0.00009349105,0.000369086,0.00006023036,0.0000125173,0.00003990366,0.0000644835,5.297935e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001972036,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003781294,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000502972,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001466131,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990276,0.00003147655,0.0003296414,0.0002543001,0.0001854323,0.0001715516],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993601,0.00001554024,0.0002199284,0.0002821937,0.00007707376,0.00004509453],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008501998,0.00001728991,0.0009286252,0.00001092059,0.0002000561,3.049376e-7,0.00008515249,0.1506702,0.8466724,0.0004662278,0.000001916379,0.00009678039],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005117271,0.0001495678,0.02807122,0.00001058723,0.0001759956,8.163323e-7,0.000009107982,0.003252429,0.9675119,0.0001580089,0.00001067846,0.000137958],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9987671,0.00002170034,0.0004076353,0.00001088917,0.00003076993,0.0004434915,0.0001821559,0.000008835354,0.0001273857],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9918565,0.000002102563,0.007137217,0.0000142942,0.00008145778,0.00001217101,0.0008282455,0.00001447231,0.00005356492],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1474177,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6145502,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2000973585","doi":"10.1366/000370204322842922","title":"Quantitative Determination of Moisture in Lubricants by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Spectroscopy","topic":"Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":37,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Analytical Chemistry (journal); Moisture; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Infrared spectroscopy; Chemistry; Calibration curve; Acetone; Reagent; Standard addition; Calibration; Spectroscopy; Standard solution; Infrared; Chromatography; Detection limit; Organic chemistry; Chemical engineering; Mathematics; Optics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01004470005551622,"gpt":0.2758486896813789,"spread":0.2658039896258627,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001628079,0.0004437493,0.0007542612,0.0003718371,0.0001020882,0.0000425963,0.0004557179,0.000288144,0.0007852669],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004795057,0.0004527896,0.0001661828,0.001370795,0.0002351246,0.000187491,0.00003899627,0.0005295485,0.00003543842],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000590103,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001551826,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002923853,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001498082,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9973912,0.00001227541,0.0007166187,0.0006434214,0.0005439403,0.0006925085],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988626,0.0001166907,0.000325468,0.0004900615,0.00006198452,0.0001431719],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003625856,0.000466795,0.0008489458,0.00009809343,0.00006888477,0.00001077297,0.0007104882,0.00001908919,0.9890341,0.007456191,0.000640497,0.0002835877],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002347477,0.0001723058,0.0002596015,0.00003775287,0.0001071184,0.000006220999,0.0009840199,0.00006859899,0.9708344,0.02434422,0.000411533,0.0004267131],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7320028,0.0008596786,0.04281834,0.0003867985,0.00006092286,0.0003891567,0.000142737,0.0001711483,0.2231684],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9517547,0.0002506705,0.04682026,0.0001199577,0.00005642032,0.00009599879,0.0001139053,0.00006611287,0.0007219797],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2224464,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997924,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2044391557","doi":"10.1366/0003702053085106","title":"Relative Contributions of Hemoglobin and Myoglobin to Near-Infrared Spectroscopic Images of Cardiac Tissue","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Spectroscopy","topic":"Optical Imaging and Spectroscopy Techniques","field":"Medicine","cited_by":37,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Institute for Biodiagnostics","funders":"","keywords":"Myoglobin; Hemoglobin; Perfusion; Absorbance; Chemistry; Skeletal muscle; Cardiac muscle; Near-infrared spectroscopy; Hemeprotein; Heme; Muscle tissue; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Nuclear magnetic resonance; Internal medicine; Chromatography; Medicine; Biochemistry; Biology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.005288291109247902,"gpt":0.2970995582526519,"spread":0.291811267143404,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002631522,0.000298228,0.0009469875,0.0001663258,0.00009868835,0.00003027527,0.0001368479,0.0001460403,0.0001527279],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001331121,0.0002818596,0.0001147572,0.0004542344,0.0004572764,0.0001060935,0.00009841249,0.0003523512,0.00004732103],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000190411,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001495757,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005850622,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001540322,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9980859,0.00003644046,0.0005701206,0.0004662361,0.0003407196,0.0005005844],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987114,0.0001224753,0.0001638481,0.0005417389,0.0001713143,0.000289217],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000231628,0.0001909458,0.001465381,0.00006868505,0.0001277933,0.000002585979,0.0002462571,0.000001352493,0.960758,0.03193595,0.00404931,0.0009221042],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008170901,0.0008510008,0.006584696,0.0001092402,0.0002323197,0.00000742803,0.00006676518,0.00003039412,0.9820719,0.003473858,0.005540306,0.0002149861],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8255779,0.002326217,0.02237927,0.0060377,0.0001128554,0.002679975,0.0002836429,0.0004670361,0.1401354],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7795154,0.0001694507,0.219206,0.0002364403,0.0001428412,0.00005950827,0.00002344744,0.0000344757,0.0006124064],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1968267,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999633,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1990502438","doi":"10.1366/0003702021954908","title":"Fourier Transform Infrared, UV-Visible, and X-Ray Diffraction Analyses of Organic Matter in Humin, Humic Acid, and Fulvic Acid Fractions in Soil Exposed to Elevated CO <sub>2</sub> and N Fertilization","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Spectroscopy","topic":"Plant responses to elevated CO2","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":36,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"Humin; Chemistry; Humic acid; Infrared spectroscopy; Organic matter; Desorption; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Titration; Clay minerals; Adsorption; Nuclear chemistry; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Mineralogy; Environmental chemistry; Inorganic chemistry; Organic chemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01722427769498819,"gpt":0.2383315750929468,"spread":0.2211072973979586,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001407736,0.000224356,0.0003222172,0.0001661447,0.0001166462,0.00007178405,0.0000914127,0.0001654217,0.0002369552],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002556775,0.0001286255,0.00002479999,0.0008909985,0.00007061534,0.0002213386,0.00002784401,0.0002178676,0.0000224157],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006248392,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007181507,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006061039,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002012546,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986178,0.00006007277,0.0003760803,0.0004288678,0.0001845339,0.000332596],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995443,0.0001337737,0.0001060889,0.00008126715,0.00002549271,0.0001091082],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003021023,0.0001003092,0.01095279,0.00001424999,0.00001463762,0.000003638046,0.0002314976,0.000006943472,0.9854557,0.000008901262,0.0001122573,0.002796971],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004565904,0.000146853,0.3195786,0.00002139402,0.0000182379,0.000008055211,0.000219392,0.0002134962,0.6789162,0.0001824175,0.00007501392,0.0001637485],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9983268,0.0002393531,0.00005228018,0.0004461652,0.00001527808,0.000452072,0.00002666607,0.00003715524,0.0004042456],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987786,0.0007267125,0.0001043407,0.0002170286,0.0000245775,0.00004740043,0.00006044967,0.00000428459,0.00003657864],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3086258,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5245196,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}