{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":392,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":392,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12"},"query_hash":"94016b916ad2","filters":{"venue":"Atmosphere"}},"results":[{"id":"W3086632954","doi":"10.3390/atmos11090996","title":"Did ERA5 Improve Temperature and Precipitation Reanalysis over East Africa?","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Atmosphere","topic":"Climate variability and models","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":282,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"Environment and Climate Change Canada","keywords":"Precipitation; Environmental science; Climatology; Climate change; Strengths and weaknesses; Water resources; Meteorology; Geography; Geology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01118390860079856,"gpt":0.2053045607284948,"spread":0.1941206521276962,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000927126,0.0001049752,0.0001212312,6.744282e-7,0.00008907389,0.00004906575,0.00008964055,0.00007378667,0.002900276],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005836648,0.0000890232,0.00004520574,0.0001819607,0.00006545976,0.0002307116,0.0001266085,0.0001045646,0.0001406802],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003998394,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000476622,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001403011,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009308227,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991769,0.00003473652,0.0001292318,0.0003365822,0.0001690385,0.0001535407],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996254,0.00003132606,0.00003997796,0.0001696965,0.00000584522,0.000127771],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003780113,0.0004705603,0.3421033,0.000212723,0.0002753299,0.00003454209,0.05039969,0.04294232,0.4716153,0.00169257,0.05262458,0.03725109],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003659011,0.001058702,0.344819,0.0000707569,0.0006789622,0.00001138902,0.005177742,0.4922019,0.004416224,0.008872706,0.13685,0.002183593],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.989932,0.00007321065,0.0001170376,0.00190108,0.00003358267,0.0001403915,0.0000167126,0.00004126826,0.007744724],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9971549,0.00002354547,0.001658428,0.0005002791,0.00004626374,0.0000100909,0.000009436121,0.000009960266,0.0005870871],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4671991,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9980112,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2790668586","doi":"10.3390/atmos9030102","title":"Exchange Processes in the Atmospheric Boundary Layer Over Mountainous Terrain","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Atmosphere","topic":"Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":255,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Austrian Science Fund; Hrvatska Zaklada za Znanost; National Stroke Foundation; Bundesministerium für Verkehr und Digitale Infrastruktur; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Mesoscale meteorology; Terrain; Boundary layer; Turbulence; Planetary boundary layer; Geology; Atmosphere (unit); Meteorology; Atmospheric sciences; Convection; Perturbation (astronomy); Environmental science; Climatology; Mechanics; Geography; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02283383223310907,"gpt":0.2462405126578487,"spread":0.2234066804247396,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000324237,0.0001436106,0.0001415595,0.00000156353,0.0002896194,0.0001055265,0.0003467966,0.00007739937,0.01880365],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009296739,0.00008423504,0.00003550682,0.0005582132,0.0001940506,0.000212769,0.00001469746,0.0001395103,0.0005921251],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000006429039,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006301932,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002186034,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01659845,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988141,0.0001335172,0.0001906358,0.0002557866,0.0002469511,0.0003589953],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993333,0.0002630207,0.00005254499,0.0002442188,0.00004222997,0.00006466905],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007794475,0.0000678177,0.9613643,0.00004237586,0.00001524423,0.00003559296,0.004655647,0.002225291,0.000008899548,0.0001481971,0.003814248,0.0275445],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002808929,0.0003775287,0.8731933,0.000009790348,0.000008584984,0.00000759942,0.0006172422,0.01110271,0.000002453367,0.004864326,0.1093597,0.0001758986],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9345005,0.001375623,0.00004912409,0.0003760458,0.000154492,0.0002319473,0.00001129091,0.00004146053,0.06325956],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9954531,0.00003654384,0.0006052282,0.002836264,0.0003172093,0.000006012671,0.00002872065,0.000004275211,0.0007126631],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1055454,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9820933,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2410485267","doi":"10.3390/atmos7060080","title":"An Inter-Comparison of the Holiday Climate Index (HCI) and the Tourism Climate Index (TCI) in Europe","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Atmosphere","topic":"Diverse Aspects of Tourism Research","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":225,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Tourism; Index (typography); Destinations; Weighting; Climate change; Environmental science; Environmental resource management; Climatology; Regional science; Geography; Computer science; Ecology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01798257157284787,"gpt":0.3263486902540889,"spread":0.308366118681241,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001441468,0.0001569708,0.0003029145,0.00001073723,0.0004227672,0.0001576682,0.001170441,0.0001277359,0.0004271007],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005038434,0.00007775239,0.0000744189,0.0005423892,0.001383005,0.0004366693,0.0005848063,0.0003161819,0.00006932859],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006460793,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001284013,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005311606,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.007560153,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9970946,0.0009361972,0.0003468629,0.0003233121,0.0006496309,0.0006493916],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985213,0.0004171107,0.0002064824,0.0005669305,0.0001586025,0.000129573],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002982557,0.0001931294,0.9238744,0.00002381761,0.00003114611,0.00002741858,0.009726514,0.00004133786,0.0002018853,0.02203067,0.002753229,0.04079822],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004627633,0.0001811694,0.9328998,0.0003756025,0.00003521072,0.000001948946,0.02458388,0.001263535,0.0004644513,0.005289698,0.02983803,0.0004390813],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.936404,0.0001682889,0.0000234338,0.006564342,0.0002354574,0.0004521682,0.000009601198,0.00004049042,0.05610217],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982335,0.0005633714,0.00004742999,0.0001225952,0.0001485166,0.00001329954,3.275613e-7,0.00002107707,0.0008498881],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.06182945,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8029594,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2788099502","doi":"10.3390/atmos9030080","title":"Moist Orographic Convection: Physical Mechanisms and Links to Surface-Exchange Processes","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Atmosphere","topic":"Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":219,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Convection; Advection; Convection cell; Geology; Orography; Atmospheric sciences; Environmental science; Convective inhibition; Mechanics; Meteorology; Combined forced and natural convection; Precipitation; Physics; Natural convection","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01788877915445853,"gpt":0.2321486933422556,"spread":0.2142599141877971,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009724429,0.000115534,0.0001425647,0.00000343949,0.0002614747,0.00006130528,0.0001013567,0.00008610715,0.003278575],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004690334,0.00008572527,0.00002475118,0.0004077121,0.0001139505,0.0001140418,0.00001517996,0.000111156,0.0004410173],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000001619284,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001905517,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004001022,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001855051,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992261,0.00003756813,0.0001015239,0.0002691126,0.00014277,0.0002229488],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994507,0.0001219331,0.0000297517,0.0001238417,0.00008499691,0.0001888036],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002823952,0.0002132091,0.862779,0.0002348188,0.0001327931,0.00002601756,0.004280742,0.01215239,0.0003722311,0.00599355,0.003191049,0.1103418],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008473571,0.004119957,0.8221393,0.00003976978,0.00007660866,0.00001805045,0.0006648588,0.05881801,0.0003968158,0.06248086,0.04958436,0.000814089],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9855162,0.0002921752,0.001000079,0.0004600551,0.0001755951,0.0001882269,0.00001770806,0.00008244995,0.0122675],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9949457,0.00002307353,0.003510314,0.0007627371,0.0002564029,0.00000182725,0.00001549853,0.000003442266,0.0004809807],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1095277,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9976326,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3017360646","doi":"10.3390/atmos11040412","title":"An Inter-Comparison of the Holiday Climate Index (HCI:Beach) and the Tourism Climate Index (TCI) to Explain Canadian Tourism Arrivals to the Caribbean","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Atmosphere","topic":"Diverse Aspects of Tourism Research","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":125,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; Mitacs; European Commission","keywords":"Tourism; Index (typography); Climate change; Geography; Destinations; Preference; Environmental resource management; Climatology; Environmental science; Computer science; Economics; Oceanography; Archaeology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02404705831712087,"gpt":0.3161065219502563,"spread":0.2920594636331354,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002046449,0.000298054,0.000492366,0.00002045274,0.001704227,0.0005622722,0.002668133,0.0002001469,0.0004590298],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008007456,0.0001766334,0.0001733889,0.0009124607,0.0006791277,0.0003164311,0.0008233094,0.0007162522,0.0001279372],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001971305,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004411314,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.3639527,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.5221201,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9955137,0.001124458,0.0004812075,0.0005740166,0.001073896,0.00123266],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9972134,0.0003639985,0.0001982447,0.000919147,0.0001901671,0.001115057],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007973389,0.0002058893,0.2964691,0.00009187249,0.0003013343,0.0001805007,0.3367099,0.004482203,0.0001850226,0.02569007,0.2869286,0.0479581],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002739582,0.0006222759,0.1600609,0.0002456245,0.0001617685,0.000004279795,0.3574718,0.006039365,0.0006613473,0.002164418,0.4686594,0.001169215],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8165156,0.0002079896,0.00008091604,0.1491021,0.0004676142,0.001909486,0.0001030324,0.00007620398,0.0315371],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9942533,0.00005807389,0.0001528975,0.004437134,0.0006477361,0.00006076488,0.000003494441,0.00004313875,0.0003434262],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1817308,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995954,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3129132085","doi":"10.3390/atmos12020206","title":"Summary and Overview of the Odour Regulations Worldwide","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Atmosphere","topic":"Odor and Emission Control Technologies","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":116,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Legislation; Environmental planning; Environmental protection; Agriculture; Geography; China; Environmental resource management; Business; Environmental science; Political science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02649888650956017,"gpt":0.2466410691306422,"spread":0.220142182621082,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00003008406,0.00005567473,0.000103476,8.233825e-7,0.00003598598,0.000006482209,0.00009392303,0.00005478925,0.0002482261],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001636854,0.00003826348,0.00005088994,0.0001384838,0.00003060287,0.00003055948,0.000124871,0.00009211837,0.000003176921],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000008599619,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001618878,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001524978,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001562975,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996363,0.000009668984,0.0001083665,0.00009111645,0.00007149386,0.00008306248],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995921,0.00007315364,0.0000270938,0.0002613504,0.00002608158,0.0000201869],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002547877,0.0001378589,0.07105647,0.0007360452,0.0002485563,0.00002962457,0.0003258772,0.006064983,0.495584,0.1128125,0.05809261,0.2548859],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001841301,0.00002667523,0.1207976,0.001575411,0.00017632,0.00004935513,0.001284611,0.03631337,0.4648474,0.0245887,0.3478462,0.0006530834],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.904375,0.0454235,0.0008718895,0.01105539,0.0003116358,0.0001633681,0.00001578976,0.0003868391,0.03739658],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9892413,0.0003056304,0.0016238,0.00009857074,0.00002204194,0.000003393769,0.000001293559,0.000009064295,0.00869493],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2897536,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2717902,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2015406624","doi":"10.3390/atmos5030635","title":"A Survey of Mercury in Air and Precipitation across Canada: Patterns and Trends","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Atmosphere","topic":"Mercury impact and mitigation studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":108,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Western University; University of Windsor; University of Alberta; Environment and Climate Change Canada","funders":"Aboriginal Affairs and Northern Development Canada; Government of Canada; Manitoba Hydro","keywords":"Mercury (programming language); Environmental science; Atmospheric sciences; Precipitation; Arctic; MERCURE; Environmental chemistry; Elemental mercury; Aerosol; Particulates; Atmospheric chemistry; Latitude; Deposition (geology); Climatology; Oceanography; Meteorology; Chemistry; Geology; Ozone; Geography; Analytical Chemistry (journal)","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01300693556803632,"gpt":0.2530154328901257,"spread":0.2400084973220894,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002089633,0.00005759203,0.0001011069,6.706184e-7,0.00003662989,0.000003213445,0.00002846559,0.00002060645,0.0001591964],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005342097,0.0000504243,0.000005071036,0.00009560028,0.00006331368,0.00007059765,0.00005162233,0.00003027702,0.000001348369],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002904892,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000005267552,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.7408546,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9715014,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995215,0.00005598829,0.0001090241,0.000108345,0.00009720033,0.0001079598],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997673,0.00008798693,0.0000421243,0.0000555982,0.000005528634,0.00004145002],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000355918,0.000005258542,0.9385967,0.000007004403,0.000002903218,2.496113e-7,0.0008367823,0.00002818176,0.0000408181,0.000002501453,0.0003057844,0.06017029],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001903382,0.00002445287,0.9981726,0.000008166147,0.000002073319,6.50107e-7,0.0003263071,0.0002845513,0.0001222188,0.00001175896,0.0008008711,0.00005594362],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9987012,0.00009174294,0.00002426183,0.0001156091,0.00002847373,0.00003166918,0.00002380139,0.000003066543,0.0009801987],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995918,0.00004415006,0.00005271841,0.00007599307,0.000003625072,0.000003218391,0.000005858112,0.000003506676,0.0002191763],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2306467,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2608711,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2791328385","doi":"10.3390/atmos9030091","title":"Analysis and Comparison of Shading Strategies to Increase Human Thermal Comfort in Urban Areas","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Atmosphere","topic":"Urban Heat Island Mitigation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":103,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph; Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Thermal comfort; Shading; Longwave; Environmental science; Shortwave radiation; Shortwave; Ranking (information retrieval); Meteorology; Computer science; Architectural engineering; Geography; Radiation; Engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01217267255311426,"gpt":0.2664312056749599,"spread":0.2542585331218456,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001143625,0.00007964659,0.0001722473,0.000006836781,0.00005631359,0.00002185359,0.00009634571,0.00003808462,0.001277074],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000007633651,0.00007325459,0.00002655071,0.0004106545,0.0001309689,0.0001586357,0.0000791491,0.0000481721,0.00002890393],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004968762,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000005596595,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.008844287,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02110465,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993335,0.00003248234,0.0001836014,0.0001798586,0.0001294804,0.0001410971],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997033,0.00002125539,0.00004795618,0.0001529687,0.000005778193,0.00006873005],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000107298,0.00003726157,0.9886184,0.000003226694,0.00002250721,0.000001082781,0.002209694,0.0006383554,0.006808945,0.0001158397,0.0003877306,0.001146217],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001526005,0.0001097553,0.9929929,0.00001054906,0.00005193179,3.208994e-7,0.0008065229,0.003120966,0.00237206,0.00009885443,0.0001945227,0.00008906798],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9807989,0.00002306022,0.0001715195,0.0000178368,0.00001035154,0.0001064954,0.000002406184,0.00001270234,0.01885673],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999058,4.960027e-7,0.0007109599,0.00003633533,0.00001952364,0.000005526627,0.000006653262,0.000005792462,0.0001567203],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01870001,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996359,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2898847429","doi":"10.3390/atmos9110424","title":"Ambient PM2.5 Human Health Effects—Findings in China and Research Directions","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Atmosphere","topic":"Air Quality and Health Impacts","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":100,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Windsor","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Ontario Ministry of Research, Innovation and Science","keywords":"Environmental health; Urbanization; China; Medicine; Air quality index; Air pollution; Human health; Particulates; Cardiovascular health; Population; Environmental science; Geography; Meteorology; Economic growth; Disease; Pathology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04416538240364724,"gpt":0.3885465985235798,"spread":0.3443812161199325,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0014995,0.00008810023,0.0001401039,0.000006192573,0.0008094076,0.00003226458,0.0001158094,0.00006572148,0.00101144],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009253967,0.00008184516,0.00001549119,0.0004577087,0.0004325354,0.0001493917,0.0001693629,0.0002962994,0.0004829153],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003870713,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000296101,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02404765,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01671253,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998378,0.0002814847,0.0001875473,0.0002947608,0.0002962605,0.0005618931],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993954,0.00008785383,0.0000327697,0.000201289,0.000006195904,0.000276506],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005227958,0.0004847573,0.7420077,0.000258355,0.000009675353,0.00001501937,0.02517823,0.00003665253,0.001003514,0.004449723,0.1219563,0.1045477],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002807383,0.0006173184,0.946402,0.00006373852,9.01223e-7,0.000003557876,0.0001947579,0.0001347128,0.000247296,0.001810052,0.05015908,0.00008589698],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.979154,0.0001743611,0.00002688091,0.005756414,0.00008572845,0.0003471133,0.000001172681,0.00003566851,0.01441866],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9960113,0.0001001662,0.0008345288,0.001359087,0.00006792271,0.00002011227,0.000001390372,0.00001141449,0.001594145],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2043942,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999018,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3109434284","doi":"10.3390/atmos11121313","title":"Advancement in Urban Climate Modelling at Local Scale: Urban Heat Island Mitigation and Building Cooling Demand","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Atmosphere","topic":"Urban Heat Island Mitigation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":94,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich; Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Urban heat island; Urban climate; Environmental science; Climate model; Climate change; Radiative cooling; Urban climatology; Mesoscale meteorology; Meteorology; Evaporative cooler; Passive cooling; Atmospheric sciences; Climatology; Urban planning; Geography; Civil engineering; Thermal; Geology; Engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.007877969675834654,"gpt":0.2030731971874779,"spread":0.1951952275116432,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001461643,0.0001740831,0.0001819999,0.000002952018,0.0001667562,0.00003495575,0.00008792911,0.00007955921,0.0002824113],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000008540114,0.0001752391,0.00002926805,0.0001912148,0.0001070718,0.0003297448,0.0001686416,0.0001284319,0.00007414905],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002584347,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006263279,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002191481,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005792751,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986327,0.00004581806,0.0002849805,0.0004459458,0.0002327714,0.0003577951],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996169,0.00004039432,0.0000469056,0.0001234774,0.000006062775,0.0001662289],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007964396,0.00002066576,0.5727069,0.0000438688,0.000005214808,0.00001124107,0.002062788,0.416469,0.005757556,0.00008826518,0.0007897807,0.001965055],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001021126,0.0001000122,0.01501472,0.0001023846,0.00002200457,0.000007977462,0.000261899,0.9726571,0.00582354,0.0001405388,0.004545205,0.0003035039],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9401965,0.0006467898,0.05757338,0.0003001505,0.00004607852,0.0002808785,0.000007617956,0.00004282876,0.000905836],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9936675,0.0002020478,0.005553182,0.0003714549,0.00006721777,0.00001869272,0.00001853303,0.00002337054,0.00007795758],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5576922,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7146042,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2790664916","doi":"10.3390/atmos9020076","title":"Recent Advances in Atmospheric Chemistry of Mercury","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Atmosphere","topic":"Mercury impact and mitigation studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":72,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Clean Air Regulatory Agenda; Auburn University at Montgomery; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Auburn University","keywords":"Mercury (programming language); Biomagnification; Environmental chemistry; Organomercury Compounds; Chemistry; Atmospheric chemistry; Bioaccumulation; Astrobiology; Environmental science; Ozone; Organic chemistry; Metal","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.009425403061766367,"gpt":0.2553893415782555,"spread":0.2459639385164892,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009795263,0.0000965125,0.0001406478,1.790413e-7,0.00004492965,0.000004027474,0.0001143905,0.0000410313,0.02176816],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005033726,0.0000842548,0.00002701712,0.0003132702,0.000293198,0.0001736249,0.00008804075,0.00005524264,0.0003289087],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006681283,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001063233,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005676636,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001833147,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992573,0.00001703264,0.0001958774,0.0001699634,0.000172472,0.0001873149],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996821,0.0000248171,0.00008068509,0.0001456008,0.00001433917,0.00005244226],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003362991,0.00009563493,0.4436304,0.0000241698,0.00001082977,0.000003347224,0.000923319,0.0001299822,0.01047343,0.00003573225,0.005986598,0.5386529],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004220015,0.00008282243,0.08310118,0.00003833849,0.000009347719,0.000003997554,0.0009895437,0.0003325493,0.02193323,0.000657295,0.8922107,0.0002189768],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8142785,0.003740366,0.00004573795,0.0001204903,0.00008866566,0.00007238668,0.000001601412,0.0000172513,0.181635],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9906653,0.004677542,0.002804521,0.0001128164,0.00004902932,0.000009850448,0.000001544473,0.000009503764,0.001669923],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8862241,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9791261,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2931263589","doi":"10.3390/atmos10040168","title":"A Review of the Representation of Aerosol Mixing State in Atmospheric Models","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Atmosphere","topic":"Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":71,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Environment and Climate Change Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Aerosol; Mixing (physics); Atmospheric sciences; Environmental science; Cloud condensation nuclei; Meteorology; Condensation; Climate model; Atmospheric chemistry; Climatology; Climate change; Physics; Ozone; Geology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04707324453412096,"gpt":0.2848359396491619,"spread":0.237762695115041,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000326616,0.0003951291,0.001969641,5.911406e-7,0.00003922812,0.00001395515,0.0007919846,0.0002029163,0.001439373],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001002183,0.0002554836,0.0006762226,0.001228159,0.0001274891,0.0001972108,0.00007010691,0.0003956516,0.00004422182],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000188901,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004048854,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001889102,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000193407,"domain_scores_codex":[0.99722,0.0002815238,0.001292656,0.0004812935,0.0003991179,0.000325435],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9973371,0.0003438811,0.001296142,0.0008874747,0.00007256567,0.00006286304],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"systematic_review","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007944799,0.00002895859,0.001443422,0.1801973,0.00008999758,0.00000475792,0.00008103054,0.006875852,7.848769e-7,0.000005041197,0.0007610365,0.8105038],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007330263,0.0001394323,0.0002454642,0.6957936,0.001329997,0.00007225014,0.0001550353,0.006846712,0.00007665638,0.000548779,0.2926443,0.001414782],"study_design_candidate":"systematic_review","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0004879893,0.993369,0.00004582477,0.00001209086,0.0002255503,0.001138691,0.0000953806,0.00001344981,0.004612037],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0003174372,0.9973221,0.001116869,0.00007806454,0.00003375972,0.00001039458,0.0000959359,0.0000170975,0.00100838],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8090891,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999897,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2278852872","doi":"10.3390/atmos7020030","title":"Comparison of Climate Preferences for Domestic and International Beach Holidays: A Case Study of Canadian Travelers","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Atmosphere","topic":"Diverse Aspects of Tourism Research","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":70,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs; International Development Research Centre","keywords":"Climatology; Climate change; Geography; Meteorology; Environmental science; Physical geography; Oceanography; Geology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.09264977068754292,"gpt":0.4024864966512086,"spread":0.3098367259636657,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003803524,0.00006074383,0.0001631431,0.0000254532,0.0001556761,0.00002870759,0.0002340902,0.00004498878,0.0002015793],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002434841,0.00004606307,0.00002614866,0.0001609786,0.000219695,0.0001364155,0.00003823789,0.00003958181,0.000002204874],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005321474,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002178192,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.4464524,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.6993784,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991044,0.00007204895,0.000177508,0.0001509903,0.0002550936,0.0002399838],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991871,0.000296531,0.00009324767,0.00009711249,0.0001718156,0.0001541559],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009360282,0.0005360027,0.8284556,0.00005190028,0.0002005639,0.0002218468,0.05393868,0.00002509595,0.00006205413,0.004891333,0.002390803,0.1091325],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004239887,0.001701337,0.09028023,0.0001735765,0.0001193776,0.00001989349,0.8918487,0.0002628182,0.0001648483,0.002245378,0.008576214,0.0003677562],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9858168,0.0000566072,0.00000751259,0.0004802771,0.00009901122,0.0004408919,0.00004532259,0.00000780772,0.01304573],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999017,0.00007351056,0.000431196,0.000004044221,0.00003795712,0.00001725873,9.450019e-7,0.000005215956,0.0004128987],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.83791,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5572337,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3123107220","doi":"10.3390/atmos12020160","title":"Ammonia and PM2.5 Air Pollution in Paris during the 2020 COVID Lockdown","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Atmosphere","topic":"COVID-19 impact on air quality","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":70,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales; Belgian Federal Science Policy Office; Fonds De La Recherche Scientifique - FNRS; European Commission","keywords":"Environmental science; Ammonium; Pollution; Air quality index; Ammonia; Environmental chemistry; Air pollution; Nitrate; Atmospheric sciences; Ammonium nitrate; Meteorology; Chemistry; Geography; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.00833341656994143,"gpt":0.2521299748204288,"spread":0.2437965582504873,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002709372,0.000120212,0.0001244084,9.298954e-7,0.0001643522,0.00003489164,0.0001379998,0.00006636537,0.002815708],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001640535,0.00009622445,0.00003796101,0.0003556353,0.0001529538,0.0001655295,0.0003118426,0.0001735294,0.0002382066],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003964261,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004372683,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004798916,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.008275726,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988377,0.0001586124,0.0001838199,0.0003163427,0.0002309493,0.0002725477],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993889,0.00008685961,0.00005389937,0.0003465786,0.000004118237,0.0001196242],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003366124,0.00007707241,0.9701751,0.00003104898,0.00001001532,0.00009442854,0.001100364,0.0134202,0.003176207,0.00004749977,0.00630787,0.005526525],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004065994,0.00001413262,0.9578778,0.0000103711,0.000005901296,0.00002161192,0.0003840723,0.0005178475,0.001162437,0.0002553904,0.03921407,0.0001297886],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9820259,0.0002947099,0.00007834716,0.0159518,0.00005484511,0.0001324102,0.000006597907,0.00003713183,0.001418295],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9939535,0.00009992222,0.0003700878,0.004184624,0.00002946715,0.000009124993,0.000001914386,0.00001035247,0.001341062],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0329062,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9980959,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4285801284","doi":"10.3390/atmos13071144","title":"An Improved Air Quality Index Machine Learning-Based Forecasting with Multivariate Data Imputation Approach","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Atmosphere","topic":"Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":69,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Imputation (statistics); Missing data; Air quality index; Computer science; Artificial neural network; Random forest; Multivariate statistics; Predictive modelling; Data mining; Machine learning; Feature selection; Artificial intelligence; Meteorology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04977443104511185,"gpt":0.2850346989494251,"spread":0.2352602679043132,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001494623,0.0002056652,0.0001916681,0.00000359925,0.0009058039,0.00004543588,0.0006132863,0.00005099905,0.0004037561],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001104961,0.0001859184,0.00003293407,0.0003507133,0.00009535072,0.0004069173,0.0005781905,0.0005257379,0.000009463874],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002133441,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003520641,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.009945372,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002436825,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9976392,0.00047846,0.000306149,0.0007106395,0.0004940116,0.0003714883],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987667,0.0001238372,0.0002959337,0.0006754459,0.00001232768,0.0001258092],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001269942,0.0001687672,0.2363883,0.0000159274,0.00001255811,0.000004074584,0.0005737846,0.7313966,0.0001909293,0.000005718126,0.0000211219,0.03109521],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007674388,0.000338999,0.04613061,0.000005475546,0.00001564841,0.000009042773,0.001246781,0.9502512,0.00004538328,0.00002928755,0.0008841851,0.0002759589],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8459705,0.0000262452,0.1521284,0.00008317086,0.00009798907,0.0003275784,0.00005789745,0.0002596725,0.001048536],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9601053,1.791048e-7,0.03889115,0.00009163832,0.00006616543,0.00004672087,0.0005246751,0.00004210884,0.0002320687],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2188546,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9966475,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2754754952","doi":"10.3390/atmos8090179","title":"Multi-Year (2013–2016) PM2.5 Wildfire Pollution Exposure over North America as Determined from Operational Air Quality Forecasts","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Atmosphere","topic":"Fire effects on ecosystems","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":68,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"BC Centre for Disease Control; Environment and Climate Change Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Environmental science; Air quality index; Particulates; Air pollution; Biomass burning; Pollution; Meteorology; Climatology; Pollutant; Human health; Air pollutants; Atmospheric sciences; Aerosol; Geography; Environmental health; Ecology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01182321927768292,"gpt":0.2479989029752271,"spread":0.2361756836975442,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.000191583,0.000283406,0.0003011765,0.000002221829,0.0006477401,0.0001401799,0.0006274974,0.0001537103,0.003594061],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002036664,0.000255153,0.0001225317,0.00007035337,0.0002442184,0.0008907353,0.0003059673,0.0001730315,0.004459945],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002489827,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000412618,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.06589136,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02462042,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979578,0.0001651172,0.0003554069,0.0006188194,0.0005077486,0.0003951089],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983048,0.00007361767,0.0003454204,0.001059347,0.00001389624,0.0002028754],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008219726,0.0001582197,0.9481112,0.000009673543,0.00004419639,0.00002555361,0.0004369356,0.001315512,0.0026245,0.000006199524,0.009766437,0.03741943],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001089123,0.0001312321,0.9615598,0.00003154742,0.00001524842,0.000003756412,0.00005274408,0.01763457,0.0001851061,0.00002839555,0.01892755,0.0003409456],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9961378,0.00006202808,0.0003210793,0.0004977469,0.0005139578,0.0004653675,0.000114858,0.00008718024,0.001799962],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9910842,0.0000134292,0.005851194,0.0005225778,0.0002033577,0.00005377389,0.00007830351,0.0000380947,0.002155022],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.04127095,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99999,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2073316325","doi":"10.3390/atmos2040567","title":"Cloud Processing of Gases and Aerosols in Air Quality Modeling","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Atmosphere","topic":"Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":68,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Environment and Climate Change Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Aerosol; Particulates; Scavenging; Environmental science; Air quality index; Deposition (geology); Atmospheric sciences; Liquid water content; Atmospheric chemistry; Nucleation; Particle (ecology); Cloud computing; Environmental chemistry; Meteorology; Chemistry; Physics; Ozone; Geology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04279029301480283,"gpt":0.2442145758999628,"spread":0.2014242828851599,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001961056,0.0001143821,0.0002005577,4.740161e-7,0.00005729638,0.000007282956,0.0001186145,0.00007040294,0.0008217473],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003426286,0.00009849211,0.00003023542,0.0001409416,0.00008686799,0.0001902101,0.0000139751,0.0001018434,0.000007572372],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000002211437,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004187475,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00380354,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001217748,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991401,0.00003229713,0.0002877545,0.0002168398,0.0001187235,0.0002042149],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996372,0.00004128198,0.00009133279,0.0001298077,0.00002597316,0.00007436681],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009616792,0.00003692827,0.9771975,0.0001503116,0.000006748615,0.00001028808,0.001004167,0.006844207,0.0002087124,0.00005662483,0.00001088048,0.01437751],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001567083,0.0003074754,0.7890121,0.0005384189,0.0000377938,0.00003932108,0.007940048,0.1806376,0.01206905,0.006763853,0.0001294081,0.0009578755],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9898124,0.001183114,0.0004763884,0.0000164383,0.00003974722,0.00007220893,0.000007941538,0.00002418968,0.008367538],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.993354,0.00004248346,0.00642602,0.00005242822,0.00003825321,8.348167e-7,0.000005518254,0.000003195156,0.00007728592],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1881854,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8997557,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3209528994","doi":"10.3390/atmos12111425","title":"Impacts of Permafrost Degradation on Carbon Stocks and Emissions under a Warming Climate: A Review","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Atmosphere","topic":"Climate change and permafrost","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":65,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Northeast Forestry University; National Natural Science Foundation of China; University of Calgary","keywords":"Permafrost; Environmental science; Global warming; Thermokarst; Carbon sink; Greenhouse gas; Climate change; Arctic; Carbon fibers; Carbon cycle; Ecosystem; Total organic carbon; Atmospheric sciences; Earth science; Ecology; Oceanography; Geology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.06348513726050169,"gpt":0.3167809719309888,"spread":0.2532958346704871,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002894241,0.0003990058,0.001420659,0.00001156404,0.0001266831,0.0000462195,0.000170953,0.0002480318,0.004588766],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007779832,0.0002870485,0.0002678184,0.0003818003,0.00005348657,0.00008050328,0.00004035298,0.0003310023,0.00004064196],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001595251,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001983442,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00153043,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004743869,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981352,0.0002014584,0.0005708701,0.0004366118,0.0002875274,0.0003683026],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985955,0.0003770202,0.000383267,0.000382753,0.00005382305,0.0002076062],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005214136,0.00002474761,0.005014379,0.04902737,0.00007215318,0.00003947398,0.0000936216,0.00000437218,9.385706e-7,0.00001626887,0.001658194,0.9440433],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001535422,0.000157953,0.001021995,0.170258,0.0009642672,0.0001670843,0.0002058355,0.000103793,0.0000010174,0.000007477138,0.826435,0.0005240401],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.000803148,0.9921783,3.833637e-7,0.00007711314,0.00023682,0.0005478582,0.003551783,0.00001981101,0.002584762],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00005829883,0.9900388,0.00004522027,0.0002653057,0.0001017712,0.000006881264,0.00932901,0.00001839722,0.0001363707],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9435192,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999582,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3128936126","doi":"10.3390/atmos12020175","title":"High-Resolution Modelling of Thermal Exposure during a Hot Spell: A Case Study Using PALM-4U in Prague, Czech Republic","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Atmosphere","topic":"Urban Heat Island Mitigation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":62,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"National Supercomputing Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information; Akademie Věd České Republiky; Ministerstvo Školství, Mládeže a Tělovýchovy; Univerzita Karlova v Praze","keywords":"Environmental science; Thermal comfort; Meteorology; Climatology; Street canyon; Urban heat island; Atmospheric sciences; Canyon; Physical geography; Geography; Cartography; Geology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02675558202092895,"gpt":0.2283675852718124,"spread":0.2016120032508834,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002258623,0.0001391375,0.0001894945,0.00000522424,0.00008096856,0.00002765989,0.00009195363,0.00008209119,0.0008001756],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002166037,0.0001410668,0.00004589787,0.0004518569,0.00004275251,0.0003171471,0.0001413575,0.0001570394,0.00002506721],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002223871,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003360731,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01025461,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003967365,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985767,0.0001511855,0.0003500672,0.0003769509,0.00027743,0.0002676777],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999443,0.00003006682,0.0001078343,0.0003401137,0.00002023742,0.00005875792],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002906246,0.0003195275,0.451523,0.00002040265,0.00001570071,0.002304858,0.002712794,0.5176545,0.02487277,0.000008756897,0.00001454008,0.0005241497],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004960142,0.000442743,0.5101308,0.0002362288,0.0001408785,0.002058396,0.02015721,0.4210242,0.03974753,0.0001760973,0.00004384245,0.0008819206],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9982398,0.000165445,0.0007385033,0.0000177144,0.00007195158,0.0003376553,0.000002877814,0.00002550016,0.0004005659],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9942601,0.000005835846,0.005334136,0.000009843541,0.00004038237,0.000006621473,0.000003733818,0.00002128434,0.0003180234],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.09663028,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9963362,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2955788034","doi":"10.3390/atmos10070354","title":"Spatio-Temporal Consistency Evaluation of XCO2 Retrievals from GOSAT and OCO-2 Based on TCCON and Model Data for Joint Utilization in Carbon Cycle Research","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Atmosphere","topic":"Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":61,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Université de La Réunion; Jet Propulsion Laboratory; Goddard Space Flight Center; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; U.S. Department of Energy; California Institute of Technology; Environment and Climate Change Canada; Chinese Academy of Sciences; National Natural Science Foundation of China; National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research; National Aeronautics and Space Administration","keywords":"Environmental science; Satellite; Carbon cycle; Consistency (knowledge bases); Greenhouse gas; Atmospheric sciences; Latitude; Carbon fibers; Meteorology; Mathematics; Geodesy; Geology; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1030879370987949,"gpt":0.3239709609868887,"spread":0.2208830238880938,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001413275,0.0001285477,0.0001985693,0.000002762458,0.00005043748,0.00001661111,0.0001534073,0.0001120484,0.0002706551],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001304673,0.0001243862,0.00001744953,0.0001497391,0.0002077213,0.0001892287,0.0002316343,0.0001123417,0.000006118451],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002298361,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003950581,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002708987,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008126523,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982134,0.0001522691,0.0002765476,0.0005275009,0.0006278625,0.0002024114],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991194,0.0001397749,0.000106537,0.000554502,0.00001758752,0.00006222348],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001470375,0.0000997143,0.4836551,0.0000266149,0.000006406782,4.288359e-7,0.0002056847,0.5003459,0.0008616326,0.00004769057,0.00004828307,0.01455554],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001108081,0.0001440562,0.1233503,0.00004437812,0.00002100063,2.081405e-7,0.0002988093,0.8725712,0.0001378251,0.00216626,0.0000473317,0.0001105754],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9952039,0.0001539492,0.001450454,0.0001101841,0.00003334125,0.00103019,0.00004013309,0.000008467882,0.001969391],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9853367,0.00005362804,0.01423073,0.00005019519,0.000007626906,0.00002306684,0.0001726006,0.0000196113,0.0001058422],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3722253,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5072324,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3180797105","doi":"10.3390/atmos12070866","title":"Mapping of Flood Areas Using Landsat with Google Earth Engine Cloud Platform","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Atmosphere","topic":"Flood Risk Assessment and Management","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":59,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa; McMaster University; United Nations University Institute for Water, Environment, and Health","funders":"Global Affairs Canada","keywords":"Flood myth; Remote sensing; Cloud computing; Environmental science; Shuttle Radar Topography Mission; Digital elevation model; Meteorology; Computer science; Geology; Geography","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01095439882329968,"gpt":0.2068985616644876,"spread":0.1959441628411879,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007714285,0.0001158485,0.0001482471,0.000001922199,0.00006940278,0.00002050861,0.0001077726,0.00003418955,0.00246221],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000004400369,0.00009413705,0.00004033665,0.0002735209,0.00004440006,0.0001640446,0.0001787181,0.00007025865,0.00006296359],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004091856,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001754058,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004293568,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007080563,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991714,0.00001212754,0.0001405082,0.0002149269,0.0002473668,0.0002137106],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996182,0.00001409881,0.00006482237,0.0002379317,0.000008782579,0.00005621284],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009878918,0.0005870673,0.8091757,0.0001846505,0.0003639226,0.0003473043,0.001837654,0.1294817,0.01406817,0.001061878,0.005001741,0.0377914],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.007000522,0.000701206,0.4776447,0.0006662004,0.0003696896,0.000140685,0.01185078,0.119676,0.06790944,0.001176064,0.3109626,0.001902059],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9705103,0.0001285279,0.003793541,0.0000671261,0.0001022566,0.0001114689,0.000002242488,0.00003012142,0.02525441],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9546155,0.00004102479,0.0427724,0.00007239013,0.00005001083,0.000003558685,0.00001042659,0.00001593973,0.002418739],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.331531,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9984497,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2808858024","doi":"10.3390/atmos9070264","title":"Irradiance Variability Quantification and Small-Scale Averaging in Space and Time: A Short Review","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Atmosphere","topic":"Solar Radiation and Photovoltaics","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":59,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Leibniz-Gemeinschaft; Leibniz-Institut für Troposphärenforschung; University of California, San Diego; Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft; Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg; University of Victoria","keywords":"Irradiance; Environmental science; Smoothing; Temporal scales; Meteorology; Photovoltaic system; Solar irradiance; Scale (ratio); Volatility (finance); Climatology; Computer science; Econometrics; Geography; Mathematics; Cartography; Geology; Engineering; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03399874479801895,"gpt":0.2915954358096322,"spread":0.2575966910116133,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001276198,0.0002823654,0.0008500614,0.000009051055,0.00008300853,0.0001504184,0.000448766,0.0001895277,0.00003706394],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001547984,0.0002592198,0.0000896557,0.0005916722,0.00007080512,0.0002138992,0.0001647896,0.0002801694,0.0000766834],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008555126,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000182102,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005621362,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003345443,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9980237,0.0003731426,0.0004728624,0.0007665996,0.0001373896,0.0002262984],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985266,0.0002742157,0.0001793728,0.0008353961,0.00005706041,0.000127372],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[5.426365e-7,0.0000240547,0.0004276511,0.01552894,0.00001767136,0.000004441102,0.0001325219,4.280649e-7,3.964307e-7,0.002283209,0.001512691,0.9800674],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00005503844,0.00001640319,0.0003915069,0.0134283,0.00006933675,0.0000470641,0.000001433297,0.006064171,4.774989e-7,0.0003504339,0.9792597,0.0003161724],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.00002077773,0.991731,0.00565439,0.0001322997,0.0001432956,0.0008610174,0.000005482478,0.00006365437,0.001388075],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00002032446,0.9849322,0.01439235,0.0002123573,0.00004997595,0.00006744158,0.00001561686,0.00001900761,0.0002907121],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9797513,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999986,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2032190598","doi":"10.3390/atmos2040633","title":"Emission Ratios for Ammonia and Formic Acid and Observations of Peroxy Acetyl Nitrate (PAN) and Ethylene in Biomass Burning Smoke as Seen by the Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer (TES)","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Atmosphere","topic":"Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":53,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"University of Minnesota; National Aeronautics and Space Administration","keywords":"Troposphere; Formic acid; Mixing ratio; Environmental science; Trace gas; Smoke; Atmospheric sciences; Environmental chemistry; Chemistry; Geology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02514983319193414,"gpt":0.221208339602866,"spread":0.1960585064109318,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000213981,0.0001961963,0.0002343521,0.000001181121,0.0002397546,0.00003836514,0.0001320899,0.0001272342,0.0003015857],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006220065,0.0001342136,0.00003640738,0.0001909306,0.0001567798,0.0002886339,0.00003014503,0.0001455955,0.000001199353],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00000569593,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000391742,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002179676,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003110963,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989681,0.00004259722,0.0002876794,0.0003110408,0.0001236213,0.0002669801],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993797,0.0001557589,0.0001504803,0.0001625169,0.00003126708,0.0001202743],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001912217,0.00003391066,0.6594211,0.0001277616,0.00003561149,0.000004138424,0.001871207,0.0000089817,0.3193124,0.00001358457,0.0003172953,0.01866278],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002712736,0.001121176,0.7239242,0.0002354686,0.0001147754,0.0000876596,0.005300757,0.01309676,0.2486111,0.002552282,0.001548568,0.0006944742],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9948549,0.003763897,0.000171691,0.0002560099,0.00003019646,0.0003203715,0.00003261465,0.00001871416,0.0005516012],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9910635,0.0004751776,0.007696808,0.00008210423,0.00002579151,0.000007404686,0.00004573449,0.000008412364,0.0005950357],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.07070131,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5473072,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2940665114","doi":"10.3390/atmos10040221","title":"Fundamentals of Ornamental Plants in Removing Benzene in Indoor Air","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Atmosphere","topic":"Plant responses to elevated CO2","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":50,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"","keywords":"Transpiration; Ornamental plant; Benzene; Hedera helix; Phytoremediation; Chlorophyll; Environmental science; Chemistry; Botany; Environmental chemistry; Horticulture; Photosynthesis; Biology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.00872109090014268,"gpt":0.201316014630626,"spread":0.1925949237304833,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001606273,0.0001020755,0.0001952574,0.000002583301,0.00001629188,0.00000940552,0.0002002704,0.00008588696,0.0010882],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001649894,0.00004439516,0.00003614394,0.0002564827,0.00001731897,0.0001049961,0.00007454345,0.0001161199,0.0001091193],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006785891,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001008134,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001511476,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005210226,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990826,0.00006756187,0.0002395333,0.0002063924,0.0001581357,0.0002458235],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996507,0.0001747809,0.00008019745,0.0000490471,0.00000752817,0.0000377767],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001486926,0.00007259593,0.590151,0.000005571177,0.000005685989,0.00002816456,0.00005842877,0.00003960719,0.3904849,0.00002135473,0.00006353371,0.01892045],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004209351,0.0001679514,0.9802201,0.0001281446,0.000001666195,0.00001512223,0.0006614314,0.0001396732,0.01594621,0.00006016179,0.002108152,0.000130403],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9971439,0.0002410127,2.904237e-8,0.0001496733,0.0000579514,0.0002121747,0.00003670513,0.00001676779,0.002141743],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992934,0.00003064999,0.00005412971,0.0001286808,0.00001604843,0.000004530574,0.00003099949,8.432837e-7,0.0004406892],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3900692,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998249,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2953421689","doi":"10.3390/atmos10070349","title":"Biogenic Aerosol in the Arctic from Eight Years of MSA Data from Ny Ålesund (Svalbard Islands) and Thule (Greenland)","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Atmosphere","topic":"Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":50,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Rimouski","funders":"","keywords":"Aerosol; Cloud condensation nuclei; Environmental science; Phytoplankton; Atmosphere (unit); Sea ice; Oceanography; Methanesulfonic acid; Atmospheric sciences; Arctic; Dimethyl sulfide; Ice nucleus; Nutrient; Geology; Chemistry; Geography; Meteorology; Biology; Ecology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01695351187697615,"gpt":0.2117831577010316,"spread":0.1948296458240555,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001992004,0.0001626966,0.0002696208,6.108344e-7,0.00004722544,0.00005818293,0.0007686394,0.0001144788,0.007125368],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003735796,0.0001175092,0.00004513002,0.0001828045,0.0001028015,0.0002183129,0.00007747902,0.0001972215,0.0003114408],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000003017927,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004379243,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01170803,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006422956,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986985,0.00007878512,0.000260319,0.0004522968,0.0002610303,0.0002490169],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984227,0.0005305512,0.0001127861,0.0008528727,0.0000129683,0.00006810576],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005834564,0.00002268886,0.9933629,0.0000174744,0.00004501582,0.00001975421,0.0004728567,0.00009633893,0.0004735901,0.000002718086,0.001007106,0.004421194],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001013036,0.00007336806,0.9877803,0.00008674777,0.00005195583,0.000007110877,0.001201654,0.004496786,0.0004067859,0.0006453824,0.003974827,0.0002620199],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9927385,0.003382213,0.00001149719,0.0001159979,0.0001406533,0.000181492,0.001022282,0.00001199856,0.002395303],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9968533,0.0003083055,0.001140797,0.0001886685,0.0001327221,8.615684e-7,0.00112275,0.000005859984,0.0002467564],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.006813928,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9948731,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2890377284","doi":"10.3390/atmos9090362","title":"Extreme Rainfall Forecast with the WRF-ARW Model in the Central Andes of Peru","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Atmosphere","topic":"Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":48,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research; Consejo Nacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación Tecnológica; International Development Research Centre","keywords":"Weather Research and Forecasting Model; Climatology; Mesoscale meteorology; Geopotential height; Environmental science; Meteorology; Structural basin; Precipitation; Extreme weather; Geology; Geography; Climate change","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03978329412752683,"gpt":0.2171802177105713,"spread":0.1773969235830445,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002097155,0.00007568,0.0000916485,0.000001599504,0.0001350602,0.0000233101,0.0002426573,0.00003173569,0.00214662],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001577662,0.00003029066,0.0000285206,0.0001479726,0.0002070303,0.00007915518,0.000006426243,0.00007882723,0.00002020165],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000001505563,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002492162,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006286532,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.008878779,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993281,0.00007161324,0.0001112739,0.0001160587,0.0001586009,0.0002143397],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999548,0.0001764255,0.00004143015,0.0001744834,0.00002448074,0.00003513922],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001549939,0.00003649093,0.7222644,0.000007328373,0.00001860087,0.000004096518,0.004442798,0.2523103,0.00001634013,0.001967764,0.00176649,0.0170104],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002432984,0.0002484278,0.5753287,0.000004855653,0.00000933912,0.00000225087,0.0008607438,0.4185919,0.000003600112,0.002969441,0.001669137,0.0000682629],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9542112,0.0001487351,0.0006389172,0.0008112408,0.00002404887,0.0001504266,0.00001192432,0.000007683841,0.04399576],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9980348,0.000008740842,0.001052353,0.0006256397,0.00005861002,0.000001135836,0.000008851229,0.000001579749,0.0002082565],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1662817,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9987655,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3126811371","doi":"10.3390/atmos12020243","title":"Impact of COVID-19-Related Traffic Slowdown on Urban Heat Characteristics","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Atmosphere","topic":"Urban Heat Island Mitigation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":45,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Western University; Environment and Climate Change Canada; McGill University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Trottier Institute for Sustainability in Engineering and Design","keywords":"Environmental science; Urban heat island; Slowdown; Inversion (geology); Meteorology; Wind speed; Diurnal cycle; Diurnal temperature variation; Atmospheric sciences; Climatology; Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); Geography; Geology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.009925577416898947,"gpt":0.2443732422352671,"spread":0.2344476648183681,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009071154,0.0001430165,0.0001905728,0.000001955033,0.00007357059,0.00001622754,0.000116259,0.0001054773,0.0158915],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001244843,0.0001240787,0.0001267291,0.0002759362,0.00009863727,0.00008887496,0.00004918092,0.0001261061,0.0006352244],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003895804,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009659913,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003071548,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007734272,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989474,0.00007232826,0.0002499163,0.0002768489,0.0002298998,0.0002235757],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993238,0.00007812695,0.0000588101,0.0003222054,0.00001070449,0.000206306],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001001316,0.0006255538,0.8557327,0.00004260692,0.0001184067,0.000172434,0.003530188,0.03817713,0.02048436,0.0001902672,0.06758643,0.01323974],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001230433,0.0005584149,0.9783666,0.0000441755,0.00005769085,0.00005200245,0.0001697942,0.007190343,0.001913248,0.0001574367,0.009877915,0.0003820125],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9924752,0.00007200663,0.000035826,0.0002100562,0.0001141835,0.0001306179,0.0000360941,0.00005208327,0.006873996],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9969666,0.00002436376,0.0001906898,0.0002306697,0.00002873068,0.000005547988,0.00007501007,0.00001809471,0.00246032],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1226338,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9850081,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4225102333","doi":"10.3390/atmos13020214","title":"Estimating Urban Wind Speeds and Wind Power Potentials Based on Machine Learning with City Fast Fluid Dynamics Training Data","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Atmosphere","topic":"Wind and Air Flow Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":45,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Wind power; Computational fluid dynamics; Environmental science; Renewable energy; Wind speed; Meteorology; Roof; Turbine; Train; Wind direction; Marine engineering; Engineering; Civil engineering; Geography; Aerospace engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01499286471495954,"gpt":0.2168686222057251,"spread":0.2018757574907656,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003867166,0.0002098675,0.000217279,0.000003539267,0.0009532525,0.00006059452,0.0003330155,0.00002923465,0.002959818],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004748268,0.0001787754,0.00002699203,0.0002116302,0.0001589285,0.0002382265,0.0007797954,0.0003433486,0.00001662703],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001064054,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001639457,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002510002,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001434159,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984489,0.00008711217,0.0001714244,0.0005243908,0.0004403343,0.0003278023],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993703,0.00007655143,0.00009850156,0.000363051,0.000004249495,0.00008730617],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007612085,0.0001085067,0.4394,0.00001137772,0.00004729618,0.000077615,0.001752799,0.5326508,0.0002615384,0.00002187241,0.0009749908,0.02461713],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007112239,0.0004303643,0.05293794,0.00003585976,0.00003740299,0.00002229996,0.002425937,0.9388805,0.00001024262,0.00002282574,0.004167089,0.0003183443],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9872603,0.00007740544,0.001927114,0.0005586952,0.0001117507,0.0001674801,0.00009172926,0.00006673631,0.009738798],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9890714,0.000001406873,0.009491929,0.0002835286,0.00004465389,0.00000274465,0.0001011461,0.00002999523,0.0009731599],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4062297,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9979516,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3181353823","doi":"10.3390/atmos12070905","title":"Climate Variability, Dengue Vector Abundance and Dengue Fever Cases in Dhaka, Bangladesh: A Time-Series Study","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Atmosphere","topic":"Mosquito-borne diseases and control","field":"Medicine","cited_by":44,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Winnipeg; University of Manitoba","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada; International Development Research Centre","keywords":"Dengue fever; Relative humidity; Vector (molecular biology); Aedes; Aedes aegypti; Abundance (ecology); Environmental science; Climate change; Monsoon; Seasonality; Relative species abundance; Atmospheric sciences; Climatology; Biology; Ecology; Geography; Meteorology; Virology; Larva","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.007429992724563415,"gpt":0.2523734350124153,"spread":0.2449434422878519,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002538436,0.0002357673,0.0004958882,0.000004617355,0.00009786325,0.00006988581,0.00008819283,0.00009406357,0.002314986],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003641889,0.0002150353,0.00009412767,0.0002594233,0.00006866578,0.0001538251,0.0001468461,0.0001952211,0.00007262362],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000596803,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001779412,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003062132,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001222741,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983003,0.000181602,0.0003318803,0.0005549168,0.0002361334,0.0003951829],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988477,0.0002218896,0.0000615294,0.0005376763,0.0001321108,0.0001990891],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002495875,0.001118961,0.9854408,0.00022909,0.00012511,0.003945948,0.0006651763,0.00001222474,0.0005804172,0.0003151802,0.0009277663,0.006389768],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004145006,0.0003081388,0.98741,0.0002162268,0.0003460161,0.0003654606,0.003079909,0.0008202245,0.0002274485,0.000134647,0.002630983,0.0003159172],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9937715,0.003920464,0.00001393485,0.0005579981,0.0001225681,0.0006523319,0.00004018864,0.00006736554,0.0008536594],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9972103,0.0001393521,0.0005114764,0.0003975282,0.0001702818,0.0001008212,0.00002613572,0.00003687583,0.00140723],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.006073851,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.998597,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2970943365","doi":"10.3390/atmos10090497","title":"Projected Changes to Mean and Extreme Surface Wind Speeds for North America Based on Regional Climate Model Simulations","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Atmosphere","topic":"Climate variability and models","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":44,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Trottier Institute for Sustainability in Engineering and Design; Compute Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; McGill University","keywords":"Environmental science; Climatology; Wind speed; Climate model; Global wind patterns; Atmospheric sciences; Climate change; Meteorology; Geography; Geology; Oceanography","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04177047616558572,"gpt":0.2521705909165786,"spread":0.2104001147509929,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009020745,0.0001394169,0.0001454035,0.000002721103,0.0001185967,0.00002424425,0.00010851,0.00005064001,0.0006204579],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001640563,0.0001272844,0.00003410415,0.0001794022,0.00005566861,0.00009367646,0.00007935306,0.00005749513,0.0001157155],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007784212,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001439497,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001786042,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001244742,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989878,0.00002292542,0.0001191695,0.0003948172,0.0001930187,0.0002822641],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994093,0.0001358627,0.00004718414,0.0002890427,0.0000147047,0.000103874],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008828795,0.00007421034,0.02480974,0.00001776099,0.000003738765,2.135327e-7,0.0004604644,0.9723361,0.0009726626,0.00003053326,0.0004887347,0.0007175574],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000397692,0.0001943158,0.007315198,0.00001550021,0.00001201096,2.626198e-7,0.00006825633,0.9865736,0.00002700233,0.0001107043,0.005113868,0.000171621],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9944348,0.000003939993,0.001553965,0.001471819,0.00002883514,0.0009177443,0.0001646002,0.0000458879,0.001378412],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9809088,0.000007004443,0.01702228,0.001443623,0.00001355339,0.000008073208,0.00007106458,0.00001982751,0.0005057566],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01749454,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6793579,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4319316943","doi":"10.3390/atmos14020308","title":"Spatiotemporal Air Pollution Forecasting in Houston-TX: A Case Study for Ozone Using Deep Graph Neural Networks","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Atmosphere","topic":"Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":44,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Lakes Environmental (Canada); University of Guelph","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico","keywords":"Environmental science; Meteorology; Artificial neural network; Pollutant; Ozone; Air pollution; Benchmarking; Pollution; Time horizon; Computer science; Geography; Machine learning; Mathematics; Business","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.06056824501885077,"gpt":0.2921059667371072,"spread":0.2315377217182564,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007009148,0.0001924762,0.0002056527,0.00001052911,0.0004201503,0.00003255257,0.0001274957,0.00009699316,0.00002978281],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000809958,0.0001973438,0.00008179588,0.0009001259,0.00007187614,0.0002491255,0.0001694529,0.0001944238,0.000009537129],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002075725,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000077345,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.009794129,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004130904,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983577,0.0001044416,0.0003689684,0.0004073434,0.0002144041,0.000547193],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994266,0.0001170657,0.000143483,0.0002084911,0.00001053046,0.00009380025],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002399535,0.00005951879,0.3146988,0.000008597759,0.000006882798,0.0004108579,0.001482097,0.6536953,0.000009652079,0.000001289414,0.00006055783,0.0295424],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006382223,0.0002236567,0.03123642,0.00002519253,0.00002044835,0.0001790975,0.009028901,0.9583065,0.000007736532,0.0000764854,0.00003136629,0.0002259996],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9848594,0.00003693403,0.01380464,0.00005433779,0.0003789609,0.0006440933,0.000002950099,0.0001643106,0.00005434136],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.995681,0.000001197165,0.003896236,0.00003981618,0.0002115353,0.00005107215,0.000006951896,0.00003945108,0.00007275563],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3046111,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9967997,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4282925109","doi":"10.3390/atmos13060967","title":"An Evaluation of Risk Ratios on Physical and Mental Health Correlations due to Increases in Ambient Nitrogen Oxide (NOx) Concentrations","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Atmosphere","topic":"Air Quality and Health Impacts","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":43,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Government of Ontario; University of Guelph","keywords":"NOx; Mental health; Environmental health; Particulates; Pollutant; Environmental science; Ozone; Medicine; Combustion; Meteorology; Chemistry; Psychiatry; Geography","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02812580307075403,"gpt":0.3255546849741646,"spread":0.2974288819034106,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008111873,0.00007603842,0.0001320917,0.000004225545,0.0004056714,0.000009254485,0.00007256765,0.00001639811,0.0008022269],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009325722,0.00008016793,0.00001831805,0.0002441385,0.0000532902,0.0001444342,0.00005999839,0.000125374,0.00002544235],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005391507,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001125764,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01060488,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005069487,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982385,0.0006601152,0.0002246283,0.0002033913,0.0004952523,0.0001780851],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999427,0.00009784607,0.0001212145,0.0001570598,0.000008831372,0.0001880765],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000161302,0.001447498,0.6353505,0.000009413791,0.000009267363,0.000001196666,0.02032448,0.3182369,0.0003572946,0.001864635,0.004717179,0.01752027],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007659449,0.0008210831,0.8574167,0.00001168231,0.00001256681,0.000003347278,0.004389607,0.1340676,0.000152165,0.001679139,0.0005738546,0.0001062415],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9973166,0.00004038619,0.0001280993,0.001423666,0.00002679958,0.0007104849,0.0001144666,0.00001239177,0.0002271001],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9975542,0.00000809529,0.0008256653,0.001444714,0.00001331091,0.00007526384,0.00006423036,0.000006454114,0.000008064779],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2220662,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9959836,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3004896923","doi":"10.3390/atmos11020186","title":"Changes in Fog, Ice Fog, and Low Visibility in the Hudson Bay Region: Impacts on Aviation","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Atmosphere","topic":"Arctic and Antarctic ice dynamics","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":40,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"University of Toronto Scarborough; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Environment and Climate Change Canada; University of Toronto","keywords":"Bay; Snow; Visibility; Shore; Fog; Environmental science; Winter storm; Physical geography; Climatology; Oceanography; Geography; Meteorology; Geology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01550130100843092,"gpt":0.2155411374908269,"spread":0.200039836482396,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002626953,0.000105029,0.0001214754,0.000002984232,0.00007092864,0.00003770481,0.0001316409,0.00006352783,0.0002248941],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001026898,0.00007077766,0.00001972653,0.0002348472,0.00004376342,0.0001398796,0.000009983714,0.0001947149,0.00003827808],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000007679411,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002560543,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00179931,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02552074,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991592,0.0001148409,0.0001265363,0.0002317017,0.0001616247,0.0002061455],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995169,0.000219172,0.00005069627,0.0001330793,0.00001047087,0.00006967945],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007018773,0.00001664481,0.9721932,0.00003245748,0.000002617704,0.00003191911,0.003466472,0.0004673224,0.00000198688,0.0001634628,0.0001732784,0.02338049],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00030365,0.000252315,0.9662069,0.00004171975,0.000004616546,0.000007309879,0.002435484,0.02939579,0.00000370293,0.0006212975,0.0006282547,0.00009894014],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9858404,0.0001297461,0.00005793686,0.01152,0.00005875111,0.0001993843,0.000006139675,0.00001427035,0.002173356],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9954112,0.0001691702,0.0001523631,0.004120185,0.00009305961,0.000001174922,0.00002319963,0.000002635346,0.00002703571],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02892847,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.992261,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3046018198","doi":"10.3390/atmos11080795","title":"Trends of UV Radiation in Antarctica","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Atmosphere","topic":"Atmospheric Ozone and Climate","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":40,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Office of Polar Programs; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Environmental science; Irradiance; Spectroradiometer; Meteorology; Climatology; Atmospheric sciences; Geology; Geography; Reflectivity; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01305943404638945,"gpt":0.2152475493494045,"spread":0.2021881153030151,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00005458193,0.00007090006,0.0001386457,9.44336e-7,0.00002129195,0.000008656995,0.00009993974,0.00004096541,0.01120417],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001935991,0.00006145073,0.0000386818,0.000426247,0.00003150572,0.0001272134,0.000005527292,0.00007084721,0.0001752156],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000002116633,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002161413,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001755371,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007414172,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993865,0.00002746519,0.000176122,0.0001400246,0.0001182929,0.0001515971],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997396,0.00003936084,0.00005621693,0.00007966544,0.000009016551,0.00007612243],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003093334,0.000007481642,0.7785238,0.00001169283,0.000005713673,0.000008918595,0.000405121,0.002828873,0.00001408239,0.00003728135,0.0007251354,0.217401],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000369845,0.0001891233,0.9617047,0.000007983407,0.000008862234,0.000001746003,0.0004437028,0.02847238,0.0001110462,0.0001059218,0.008479333,0.0001054085],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9603398,0.0007290902,0.0000398909,0.00127974,0.00006542745,0.00003963921,0.00001297501,0.00002467925,0.03746876],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9975408,0.0001252058,0.001649021,0.0004825654,0.00005219802,2.985807e-7,0.00002737983,0.000002442825,0.0001200976],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2172956,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9896997,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4380372785","doi":"10.3390/atmos14061007","title":"Comparison of Lichens and Mosses as Biomonitors of Airborne Microplastics","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Atmosphere","topic":"Microplastics and Plastic Pollution","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":38,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Trent University","funders":"Regione Umbria; Università degli Studi di Palermo","keywords":"Lichen; Biomonitoring; Moss; Epigeal; Environmental science; Environmental chemistry; Epiphyte; Microplastics; Bioindicator; Deposition (geology); Ecology; Chemistry; Biology; Sediment","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01327647704021958,"gpt":0.2696370674860354,"spread":0.2563605904458158,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007058848,0.00008942673,0.0001715982,0.000003907559,0.00004452823,0.000006031934,0.00008536888,0.00006179741,0.0005541673],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009105541,0.00008100075,0.00002578655,0.0003011315,0.0002171449,0.00003346171,0.0001201725,0.00005349388,0.000242892],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001621517,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001126314,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004736079,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00008000578,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993173,0.0000161371,0.0002197191,0.0001432689,0.0001481731,0.0001554362],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995362,0.0001650585,0.0001108865,0.0001177139,0.000009628459,0.00006047452],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003603269,0.0001150408,0.7837681,0.00006561651,0.00003101565,0.000005229907,0.0008661607,0.006645402,0.1906166,0.0003161751,0.009101912,0.008432774],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00048405,0.0004040914,0.8015284,0.00007934835,0.00006683161,0.000008563326,0.0008675343,0.02271119,0.1644823,0.0004489092,0.008667434,0.0002513508],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.998009,0.0001036899,0.00038618,0.0000318124,0.0001496167,0.00005985645,0.00003046654,0.00002124761,0.001208166],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982588,0.00007245885,0.001335229,0.000007111173,0.00001535304,0.000001174517,0.000005884739,0.000008888096,0.0002950513],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02613427,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6067744,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2890351056","doi":"10.3390/atmos9090351","title":"Exposure to Outdoor Particles (PM2.5) and Associated Child Morbidity and Mortality in Socially Deprived Neighborhoods of Nairobi, Kenya","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Atmosphere","topic":"Air Quality and Health Impacts","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":37,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Alberta Health Services","funders":"","keywords":"Environmental health; Air pollution; Odds ratio; Slum; Medicine; Poisson regression; Confidence interval; Pollution; Logistic regression; Health impact assessment; Rate ratio; Odds; Public health; Population","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02789664425272494,"gpt":0.2943205613610891,"spread":0.2664239171083642,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006027106,0.0001306765,0.0002509613,0.00000249096,0.000161487,0.00001842345,0.0001121542,0.0001257459,0.000403116],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002528401,0.0001244346,0.00002434503,0.00020721,0.0003296789,0.0001610086,0.0001887292,0.0001256891,0.00003491261],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009026843,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000330836,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004918374,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.03110847,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986781,0.0001483175,0.000309519,0.0002926259,0.0002192723,0.0003521151],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993694,0.00006183232,0.0001165917,0.0001904777,0.00001424231,0.0002473862],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000313626,0.0001135097,0.9872772,0.00001701199,0.00001287349,0.000002430259,0.003521098,0.00005648862,0.0003698449,0.00017601,0.0006544138,0.007767752],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005227581,0.0002979903,0.9959172,0.00003790724,0.00001215844,0.000001026273,0.0003131317,0.0003929013,0.0005252962,0.001477939,0.0003639729,0.000137734],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.994859,0.00008722742,0.00006427996,0.001823773,0.00004659981,0.0002658046,0.00001621933,0.00002626531,0.002810857],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9969558,0.00004541241,0.001371251,0.001503123,0.00003861793,0.000006961657,0.000002069147,0.00001061488,0.00006614605],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0261901,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9865713,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3111635888","doi":"10.3390/atmos11121362","title":"Sensitivity of Surface Fluxes in the ECMWF Land Surface Model to the Remotely Sensed Leaf Area Index and Root Distribution: Evaluation with Tower Flux Data","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Atmosphere","topic":"Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":36,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Canadian Foundation for Climate and Atmospheric Sciences; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Biological and Environmental Research; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Microsoft Research; Natural Resources Canada; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft; Université Laval; Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia; U.S. Department of Energy; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Environmental science; Biosphere; FluxNet; Leaf area index; Atmospheric sciences; Vegetation (pathology); Atmosphere (unit); Flux (metallurgy); Evaporation; Meteorology; Eddy covariance; Geology; Ecosystem","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02918280713669103,"gpt":0.2329733041724803,"spread":0.2037904970357892,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006684713,0.0001024853,0.0001097054,5.096628e-7,0.00008195762,0.0000334867,0.0001932556,0.00004511035,0.00005683383],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004352507,0.00005852388,0.00001181739,0.0002370555,0.00007423862,0.000154666,0.000194143,0.0001233891,0.000009120557],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003827686,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002226891,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001234153,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01006996,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989349,0.0001654305,0.0001279114,0.0002683894,0.0003717788,0.0001315941],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993951,0.00009458079,0.00005220651,0.0003980625,0.00001504055,0.00004499662],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003931317,0.00001458443,0.1962451,0.000002194745,0.000005368255,0.00000421869,0.0005978507,0.8014723,0.0003350964,0.000006568163,0.0008167892,0.0004606125],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002209164,0.00002785466,0.1402029,0.000009303132,0.00002097285,0.0000103903,0.0001264474,0.8588477,0.00004363359,0.00003641947,0.0003775732,0.00007583704],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9868369,0.00003039418,0.008898593,0.002979118,0.00001036511,0.0003474402,0.0002258312,0.000009665879,0.0006617125],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988733,0.000005678042,0.000621003,0.0001718931,0.000006833916,0.000001148292,0.0002215358,0.000005752865,0.0000928452],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.05737545,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5619275,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2077688253","doi":"10.3390/atmos4030272","title":"On the Current and Future Dry Spell Characteristics over Africa","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Atmosphere","topic":"Climate variability and models","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":36,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Precipitation; Environmental science; Climatology; Spell; Climate change; Atmospheric sciences; Meteorology; Geography; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01107669245144083,"gpt":0.2075006129684254,"spread":0.1964239205169846,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008519557,0.00009197356,0.00007251775,3.825099e-7,0.00007007376,0.00004463891,0.000112181,0.00003632728,0.02111237],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001420578,0.00005581573,0.00002504501,0.00005190852,0.00009012225,0.00009074889,0.0001161444,0.000140174,0.002752085],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003398876,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000002967152,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008725421,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001372493,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994107,0.00002800096,0.00009217194,0.0001787568,0.0001289664,0.0001614058],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995846,0.00008158376,0.00003299133,0.0002371355,0.000003284605,0.00006038215],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005382227,0.0007242156,0.1486865,0.00007284123,0.00003356459,0.000006300872,0.004648066,0.0002727535,0.00162807,0.03063152,0.2628713,0.5503711],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001778828,0.00006203799,0.4215595,0.0000170098,0.00001425097,8.825816e-7,0.0001230877,0.01242176,0.00002722165,0.01653176,0.548841,0.0002236491],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9600441,0.00007165049,0.00002358805,0.001497201,0.0001887104,0.000202257,0.000006378998,0.00001593708,0.0379502],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998116,0.0001893676,0.000179346,0.000397287,0.0001212142,0.000007913723,0.000002314107,0.000008397543,0.0009781995],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5501474,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9980244,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2167792764","doi":"10.3390/atmos2030553","title":"Measuring Trace Gas Emission from Multi-Distributed Sources Using Vertical Radial Plume Mapping (VRPM) and Backward Lagrangian Stochastic (bLS) Techniques","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Atmosphere","topic":"Odor and Emission Control Technologies","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":36,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Plume; Trace gas; Point source; Environmental science; Remote sensing; Atmospheric sciences; Physics; Optics; Meteorology; Geology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04844201271089905,"gpt":0.2317150391782624,"spread":0.1832730264673634,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001225413,0.0003112648,0.0003837586,0.00001304511,0.0001620158,0.00004793376,0.0002731016,0.0003827912,0.0002092398],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004852878,0.000279788,0.0001064694,0.0001755734,0.0001083657,0.0001728833,0.0001681208,0.0004203538,0.00001211864],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009255739,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002460587,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005070558,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000009047802,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985058,0.00002979529,0.0003452878,0.0004395162,0.0002104452,0.0004691691],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992199,0.0001223771,0.00005938828,0.0003191218,0.00005230282,0.0002269001],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002057384,0.0001541472,0.007866776,0.00009498521,0.000187725,0.00005563161,0.001499626,0.0009401949,0.9488557,0.00006209296,0.0001751004,0.0399023],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002104355,0.00006602815,0.003371715,0.0007578023,0.0001753547,0.00003711719,0.001807725,0.5509894,0.4383417,0.000561956,0.0008661452,0.0009205872],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8312265,0.0009262814,0.1664337,0.00006356985,0.00007386427,0.0001856213,0.0000208843,0.0009616318,0.0001078837],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.963402,0.00002305568,0.03633498,0.00001758042,0.0001079008,0.00001379491,0.000008348532,0.000049218,0.00004311588],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5500492,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999654,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2998896996","doi":"10.3390/atmos11010084","title":"Study of Chemical and Optical Properties of Biomass Burning Aerosols during Long-Range Transport Events toward the Arctic in Summer 2017","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Atmosphere","topic":"Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":35,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Ministero dell’Istruzione, dell’Università e della Ricerca; U.S. Naval Research Laboratory; European Commission; Office of Naval Research; Dipartimenti di Eccellenza; National Aeronautics and Space Administration","keywords":"AERONET; Aerosol; Environmental science; Atmospheric sciences; Biomass burning; Arctic; Plume; Climatology; Atmosphere (unit); Radiative forcing; Radiative transfer; The arctic; Meteorology; Geography; Geology; Oceanography; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03753062729476143,"gpt":0.223842812576394,"spread":0.1863121852816326,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001074861,0.0001426772,0.0002826923,5.125636e-7,0.0000413842,0.000008929799,0.0002093571,0.00006361253,0.000186761],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004127566,0.00009406004,0.00004779891,0.0001734716,0.0001428938,0.0001085791,0.00002387483,0.0001681248,0.000003902529],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000002973517,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002470769,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009587632,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001639208,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989424,0.00003289762,0.000330077,0.0002479252,0.0002378792,0.0002088049],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996015,0.00004390812,0.0000938437,0.0001398956,0.00002452691,0.00009631582],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001594226,0.00007417773,0.9849547,0.0002703567,0.00003380376,0.00003563376,0.003667679,0.0003445399,0.01027892,4.069824e-7,0.00000192447,0.0001784844],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009717973,0.0001636365,0.9670873,0.0001197923,0.00003926303,0.00001326543,0.004451653,0.0003619174,0.02663368,0.000005629685,0.000002650164,0.0001494089],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9984865,0.0007584018,0.000003640134,0.0002729229,0.00002382298,0.0002697614,0.000006179233,0.00001158304,0.0001672569],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999783,0.00002245761,0.0001061286,0.00002063039,0.00003768809,0.000003091037,0.000003920765,0.000004582687,0.00001845884],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01786734,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3835657,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4380997829","doi":"10.3390/atmos14061023","title":"Sea Ice Extent Prediction with Machine Learning Methods and Subregional Analysis in the Arctic","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Atmosphere","topic":"Arctic and Antarctic ice dynamics","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":35,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta; McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Sea ice; Climatology; Arctic ice pack; Arctic; Sea ice concentration; Environmental science; Cryosphere; Arctic sea ice decline; Climate change; Physical geography; Antarctic sea ice; Sea ice thickness; Oceanography; Geology; Geography","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01202706762535917,"gpt":0.2432063847465003,"spread":0.2311793171211411,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007398154,0.00009453057,0.0001269202,0.00001297637,0.0001989751,0.00004418327,0.0001033943,0.00003581834,0.0003913157],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003941786,0.00005568978,0.00003942645,0.001064201,0.00007753052,0.0001202242,0.00001084526,0.0002217895,0.00002499174],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000004676904,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002010829,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006387276,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006194263,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990305,0.0002386227,0.0001187628,0.0002015838,0.000207651,0.0002028288],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993578,0.0004193416,0.00004563724,0.0001116883,0.00001869569,0.00004681863],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002408507,0.000005545531,0.9380218,0.000009686739,0.00007276257,0.00002197316,0.0006513508,0.04549526,3.610889e-7,0.00006744012,0.00002075493,0.01560897],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009880229,0.00005852967,0.6066312,0.000006423552,0.00009199997,0.00002115199,0.001291354,0.3908307,1.118436e-7,0.0001697209,0.0007532795,0.00004674996],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9941666,0.0002244052,0.003484532,0.0009495299,0.00004185088,0.00009704819,0.00001444046,0.00004602417,0.0009756231],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9934592,0.0002344494,0.005526987,0.0001868814,0.00003398001,0.000001921102,0.0002013079,0.000002976772,0.0003523115],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3453354,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9655693,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4283067741","doi":"10.3390/atmos13060983","title":"Landfill Emissions of Methane Inferred from Unmanned Aerial Vehicle and Mobile Ground Measurements","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Atmosphere","topic":"Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":35,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Environmental Protection Agency; U.S. Department of Energy","keywords":"Methane; Environmental science; Atmospheric methane; Landfill gas; Greenhouse gas; Ozone; Plume; Methane emissions; Atmospheric sciences; Environmental engineering; Meteorology; Chemistry; Geology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01295739775078572,"gpt":0.2165451267461315,"spread":0.2035877289953457,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001539873,0.000156905,0.0002076749,7.280217e-7,0.0001785107,0.00001003386,0.0002250503,0.00005186872,0.01104768],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001207958,0.0001524778,0.00005474023,0.0001515974,0.0001682225,0.0001241938,0.0006543143,0.0001410501,0.00003347511],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000188917,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001014735,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003726891,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006911056,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986652,0.00009511012,0.0002336005,0.0003241156,0.0004487192,0.0002333294],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994453,0.00004037693,0.0001163128,0.0002659095,0.000002554159,0.00012958],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002613777,0.0005005125,0.7486782,0.000009397121,0.000107394,0.00001627232,0.002073697,0.1661264,0.058483,0.00001697085,0.001320558,0.02240624],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.006367213,0.001436657,0.8660072,0.00003062503,0.0002584111,0.00002554422,0.007187432,0.03726826,0.004347969,0.00273769,0.07303411,0.00129891],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9967844,0.0002187268,0.0002165506,0.00004158344,0.0001569446,0.0002310824,0.00002431206,0.00002962673,0.002296699],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9931123,0.00003373879,0.00554669,0.0001232274,0.00002351884,0.00006346624,0.00002445747,0.00002376332,0.001048882],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1288581,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9898564,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2993524944","doi":"10.3390/atmos10120787","title":"Maximum UV Index Records (2010–2014) in Quito (Ecuador) and Its Trend Inferred from Remote Sensing Data (1979–2018)","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Atmosphere","topic":"Climate Change and Health Impacts","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":34,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Universidad San Francisco de Quito","keywords":"Geography; Population; Proxy (statistics); Environmental science; Index (typography); Meteorology; Demography; Environmental health; Medicine; Statistics; Mathematics; Computer science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05853879094275379,"gpt":0.2936883772105278,"spread":0.235149586267774,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003537208,0.0002314963,0.0003121062,0.000006815177,0.00008683105,0.00006369199,0.0003564754,0.0001972868,0.005257216],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007284783,0.0002198533,0.00002311583,0.0002291758,0.00005689474,0.0005705951,0.0007940428,0.0002733843,0.001868383],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001677795,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002503291,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02004226,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.03248551,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9980164,0.00007191987,0.0003413151,0.0006938344,0.0002861148,0.0005904299],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998536,0.0001277004,0.0001367974,0.0009222917,0.000005169286,0.0002720226],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001490528,0.00006077862,0.5122799,0.00006823819,0.00001513246,0.00009854766,0.002028812,0.00009969884,0.001926031,0.000001408396,0.0579985,0.4252739],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001948371,0.0001752435,0.8922111,0.0002946862,0.00002485564,0.00002730547,0.001011456,0.06671226,0.0001523618,0.001480317,0.03533855,0.0006234472],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9906952,0.0005682553,0.0000241164,0.0008899521,0.000689426,0.0003236579,0.0001136841,0.0000464454,0.006649284],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9944636,0.0007597955,0.002048753,0.001102012,0.0001558879,5.971173e-7,0.0001472061,0.00003958817,0.001282622],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4246505,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9989088,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2811232680","doi":"10.3390/atmos9070246","title":"Simulation of Severe Dust Events over Egypt Using Tuned Dust Schemes in Weather Research Forecast (WRF-Chem)","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Atmosphere","topic":"Atmospheric aerosols and clouds","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":33,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Environment and Climate Change Canada","funders":"","keywords":"AERONET; Weather Research and Forecasting Model; Environmental science; Aerosol; Meteorology; Dust storm; Moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer; Storm; Atmospheric sciences; Satellite; Climatology; Geography; Physics; Geology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04854366574948969,"gpt":0.3311871194555032,"spread":0.2826434537060135,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004668071,0.0001917262,0.0002303969,9.924947e-7,0.0001847926,0.00001984437,0.0003041507,0.0001974253,0.01318422],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001052024,0.0001757195,0.0000711615,0.0007329306,0.0003952212,0.0003064008,0.0003424049,0.0002409187,0.0003003649],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003135004,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003852218,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002055259,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006276962,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979438,0.0001049725,0.0003500059,0.0004262979,0.0006540313,0.0005208839],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991916,0.0001146352,0.0001262858,0.0004108063,0.0000513408,0.0001053356],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001194006,0.0002124994,0.9144611,0.00002054633,0.00002206268,0.000008097216,0.0009273145,0.06765526,0.006709528,0.00005724157,0.0008011772,0.009005792],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002041653,0.0003909971,0.5428947,0.0002327013,0.00002721007,0.000006817343,0.001656298,0.4321425,0.004472254,0.001366675,0.01411314,0.0006551092],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9881413,0.00005942601,0.000822123,0.00004760228,0.00009264999,0.0003101583,0.000003575589,0.00002193772,0.01050122],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9905067,0.000006891232,0.005846249,0.00005855976,0.0001134125,0.000009126689,0.000002841442,0.00003918789,0.003417015],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3715664,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9877179,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4362471926","doi":"10.3390/atmos14040655","title":"Environmental Analysis, Monitoring, and Process Control Strategy for Reduction of Greenhouse Gaseous Emissions in Thermochemical Reactions","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Atmosphere","topic":"Thermochemical Biomass Conversion Processes","field":"Engineering","cited_by":33,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"University of Technology Sydney","keywords":"Greenhouse gas; Environmental science; Incineration; Waste management; Process engineering; Environmental analysis; Chemistry; Engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.009701050687390862,"gpt":0.2379747428226299,"spread":0.228273692135239,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00005585167,0.0001121286,0.00018276,0.00001808982,0.00003319168,0.000007846604,0.00007850697,0.0001024439,0.00006804809],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002357795,0.000111648,0.00005808167,0.0004404796,0.00004891176,0.00007949824,0.0000118552,0.00008920736,0.00000393264],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004024674,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001095009,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001359997,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001902989,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993378,0.000008571459,0.0002141349,0.0001747233,0.00009569581,0.0001690838],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996818,0.00007121047,0.000041106,0.000123799,0.00001363962,0.0000684188],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000412205,0.00004329118,0.008716688,0.0001500381,0.0001897325,0.000003478159,0.0001819176,0.01363051,0.9737319,0.000006994585,0.0000960906,0.003208148],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001230508,0.00005976076,0.01837524,0.00006829852,0.0002991952,0.00001136573,0.002327945,0.01673291,0.9599461,0.000522889,0.0001219467,0.0003038152],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9990683,0.0003275477,0.0001077671,0.0000253122,0.00004505864,0.0001689686,0.00002736147,0.0001642128,0.00006542876],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995233,0.0001502279,0.0001191856,0.000001037215,0.00003188466,0.00005999617,0.00001804277,0.00002270692,0.00007363069],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01378576,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4552874,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3043341676","doi":"10.3390/atmos11070765","title":"Capturing the Variability in Instantaneous Vehicle Emissions Based on Field Test Data","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Atmosphere","topic":"Vehicle emissions and performance","field":"Engineering","cited_by":32,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Environmental science; Bin; Engine power; Greenhouse gas; Nitrogen oxide; Air quality index; Automotive engineering; Meteorology; NOx; Atmospheric sciences; Power (physics); Combustion; Engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01949419313459511,"gpt":0.2243066749831888,"spread":0.2048124818485937,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001783786,0.000110541,0.000103962,0.000001414306,0.00008231158,0.00002451062,0.0004375574,0.00006867675,0.0005516789],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000364081,0.00007888393,0.00002002795,0.0002178362,0.00001379769,0.00007712921,0.00008942788,0.0003630207,0.00004178871],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002806437,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003192652,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006503033,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005136791,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993144,0.00002752518,0.0001601168,0.0002001582,0.0001122648,0.0001855724],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986879,0.0005646858,0.00001370305,0.0006275434,0.000008461539,0.00009773191],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005180867,0.0001498645,0.1140119,0.0002367153,0.00001820896,0.0001479652,0.001117806,0.6753647,0.002163447,0.00005250546,0.02617162,0.1805134],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001773141,0.00003831726,0.003418278,0.00005307513,0.000003826191,0.000001846321,0.00007012275,0.9726654,0.0006433672,0.00001409592,0.02280576,0.0001086506],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.950353,0.0001866918,0.00293906,0.007934182,0.0002019698,0.0003075342,0.00006943454,0.000380589,0.03762754],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984884,0.00002081405,0.0003738144,0.0009709873,0.00008238207,0.000005880383,0.000009279201,0.00001775147,0.00003065632],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2973006,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6040497,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2173090123","doi":"10.3390/atmos6111833","title":"An Assessment of the South Asian Summer Monsoon Variability for Present and Future Climatologies Using a High Resolution Regional Climate Model (RegCM4.3) under the AR5 Scenarios","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Atmosphere","topic":"Climate variability and models","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":32,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Tsinghua National Laboratory for Information Science and Technology; University of East Anglia; Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics; International Development Research Centre","keywords":"Climatology; Environmental science; Precipitation; Climate model; Monsoon; Anticyclone; Climate change; Representative Concentration Pathways; Downscaling; Tropical monsoon climate; East Asian Monsoon; Atmospheric sciences; Geology; Meteorology; Geography; Oceanography","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.06224258245528719,"gpt":0.3149343985297959,"spread":0.2526918160745087,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001244292,0.0001809502,0.0002120371,0.000002028388,0.0003552125,0.00004317403,0.0003401191,0.0001544766,0.00003926038],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002696355,0.0001068674,0.00009106081,0.000127159,0.0004796642,0.000265191,0.0003565678,0.000170646,0.000001072858],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002284549,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000847322,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005336526,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002161832,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998242,0.0002888939,0.000312348,0.0004354786,0.0003716655,0.0003496079],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998816,0.0001123218,0.0001953208,0.0007346568,0.00004104175,0.0001007123],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001454453,0.0002257367,0.07014977,0.00004719159,0.00002162789,2.308729e-7,0.001706642,0.913078,0.0003707704,0.01349253,0.0003785327,0.0003834972],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004659734,0.00006853719,0.04825419,0.00001569878,0.00006868788,0.000004545047,0.004300676,0.9241383,0.00002365227,0.02228151,0.000237212,0.0001410203],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9783932,0.00003935357,0.01610871,0.003773651,0.0001209421,0.00083595,0.00006933742,0.00003144766,0.0006273939],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9736806,0.00002329584,0.02596287,0.0001843207,0.00006851173,0.00004035157,0.00001041463,0.00001576275,0.00001393416],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02189558,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4357928,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3003314233","doi":"10.3390/atmos11020156","title":"Current State of Atmospheric Aerosol Thermodynamics and Mass Transfer Modeling: A Review","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Atmosphere","topic":"Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":32,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Environment and Climate Change Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Aerosol; Air quality index; Environmental science; Particle (ecology); Nucleation; Mass transfer; Chemistry; Atmospheric sciences; Thermodynamics; Meteorology; Physics; Geology; Organic chemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02819602011461072,"gpt":0.2580375424989166,"spread":0.2298415223843059,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002124632,0.0008005184,0.002632145,5.11047e-7,0.00009998035,0.00004916711,0.0005946036,0.0001930977,0.001239707],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003930977,0.0006089755,0.0006156928,0.0005684581,0.0001498202,0.0001492231,0.00003726638,0.0007137062,0.00009564106],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001603763,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004031931,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007981432,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003692343,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9969219,0.0001683895,0.001166491,0.0008262987,0.0004185803,0.0004983564],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986036,0.000150905,0.0003139635,0.0005111135,0.00006653814,0.000353825],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008506708,0.00001534548,0.00003823218,0.05723054,0.0001276467,0.00002073138,0.00003142221,0.0007054264,3.285965e-7,0.000002671095,0.00009209084,0.941727],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002461721,0.0001221278,0.000004409319,0.04633171,0.001312093,0.00005748174,0.00001313205,0.06981629,8.638027e-7,0.0001334861,0.880933,0.001029261],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0001986648,0.994901,0.002292487,0.00003511281,0.0001921309,0.001042917,0.0003448089,0.00007474683,0.0009181298],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0002047936,0.9973096,0.001814088,0.00007851686,0.0001072515,0.00001718561,0.00030831,0.00004117807,0.0001190898],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9406978,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996733,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2942451882","doi":"10.3390/atmos10040218","title":"Arctic Intense Summer Storms and Their Impacts on Sea Ice—A Regional Climate Modeling Study","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Atmosphere","topic":"Arctic and Antarctic ice dynamics","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":32,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Office of Naval Research Global; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft; Deutsches Klimarechenzentrum; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Climatology; Sea ice; Arctic ice pack; Hindcast; Storm; Arctic sea ice decline; Environmental science; Arctic; Oceanography; Drift ice; Geology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01815437898723273,"gpt":0.2206296944400606,"spread":0.2024753154528278,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002923441,0.0002067923,0.0002178102,0.000005817879,0.0001799655,0.0000582897,0.0001455953,0.000063419,0.000912651],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002015068,0.0001352773,0.00005706904,0.0001012335,0.00004834329,0.0002266084,0.00002789988,0.000246407,0.0004234136],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001172027,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003883028,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003437344,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001636304,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988025,0.0000597233,0.0001849945,0.0003406325,0.0002084801,0.0004036419],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993061,0.0001669116,0.00006399209,0.000254458,0.00005126375,0.0001572565],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000217072,0.00003818747,0.9787648,0.00002678768,0.00004299048,0.00001159274,0.001717443,0.01491973,0.000001983335,0.00005574749,0.000061683,0.004142013],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007394552,0.0007221964,0.4175927,0.00008496924,0.0000244628,0.00003875844,0.01681313,0.5630514,6.442914e-7,0.0004079819,0.000246264,0.0002780331],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9975725,0.0001489871,0.00005169067,0.0002535349,0.0002889085,0.0002915929,0.00002178165,0.00003972439,0.00133121],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9983889,0.0001600188,0.0001772891,0.0008989724,0.00007233804,9.270116e-7,0.00004018404,0.000009419847,0.0002519884],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5611721,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9992887,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2926827894","doi":"10.3390/atmos10040172","title":"A Comparison of North American Surface Temperature and Temperature Extreme Anomalies in Association with Various Atmospheric Teleconnection Patterns","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Atmosphere","topic":"Climate variability and models","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":31,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University; Environment and Climate Change Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Teleconnection; North Atlantic oscillation; Climatology; Arctic oscillation; Northern Hemisphere; Jet stream; Anomaly (physics); Atmospheric circulation; Sea surface temperature; Geopotential height; Pacific decadal oscillation; Atmospheric temperature; Environmental science; Geology; Geography; El Niño Southern Oscillation; Jet (fluid); Precipitation; Meteorology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.007585702272987112,"gpt":0.2146438013377755,"spread":0.2070580990647884,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001592719,0.0001788952,0.0003562065,0.000001263605,0.00005779612,0.00003689083,0.00010335,0.00009326863,0.0003867206],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001858968,0.0001508831,0.00003035779,0.0004600257,0.00006702144,0.0001871525,0.00006768549,0.0002495287,0.00002218747],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002587951,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001652535,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004100244,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.03054787,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987651,0.00008770305,0.0002513188,0.0003851063,0.0002540293,0.0002567873],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993755,0.00009892454,0.0002196559,0.0002314326,0.00001921809,0.00005526029],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005302718,0.0001329071,0.9400915,0.00003202194,0.00001623803,0.00000150595,0.0009832813,0.0540215,0.003814083,0.000004964842,0.00006641768,0.0007825808],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000432864,0.0003082147,0.9873672,0.00002784549,0.00001565834,0.000003235808,0.0006079337,0.01049129,0.0003585327,0.000007894539,0.0001842537,0.0001950444],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9989955,0.00004451578,0.0000095246,0.0001367746,0.00005091229,0.0003438088,0.00001454688,0.00002612616,0.0003783025],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9977343,0.00003960318,0.001741597,0.0000780139,0.000009759223,0.000007636978,0.00001367939,0.0000177104,0.0003576903],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.04727577,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9871421,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}