{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":16,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":16,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12"},"query_hash":"65a43595df10","filters":{"venue":"Automotive Innovation"}},"results":[{"id":"W3104639963","doi":"10.1007/s42154-020-00113-1","title":"Deep Reinforcement Learning Enabled Decision-Making for Autonomous Driving at Intersections","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Automotive Innovation","topic":"Autonomous Vehicle Technology and Safety","field":"Engineering","cited_by":112,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Reinforcement learning; Computer science; Intersection (aeronautics); Markov decision process; Process (computing); Focus (optics); Artificial intelligence; Generalization; Convolutional neural network; Crash; Path (computing); Deep learning; Machine learning; Markov process; Transport engineering; Engineering; Mathematics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01179573186215257,"gpt":0.2403560624740193,"spread":0.2285603306118668,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001958273,0.0001795396,0.0001936147,0.0002340575,0.0003338736,0.00002631413,0.0001456081,0.0001679212,0.0001442087],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005849319,0.000203113,0.00005695332,0.0008502669,0.00003860046,0.0002334174,0.00009528708,0.0003297929,0.00007194983],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004217894,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002375302,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000001995962,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001680992,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988736,0.0000138309,0.0004679496,0.0002532712,0.0001016773,0.0002896727],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993138,0.000197777,0.0001182971,0.0001320059,0.0002074789,0.00003066338],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003972974,0.00001114579,0.00251002,0.00004319846,0.0001102721,0.000003817044,0.00209369,0.9206206,0.005113729,0.007029074,0.0007483811,0.06167632],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003915582,0.0001376045,0.002955345,0.00005046545,0.0000171922,0.000005277557,0.000309084,0.9845968,0.005233247,0.001073396,0.005005274,0.0002247532],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.2522728,0.00001982663,0.7431313,0.0003230483,0.0002281536,0.0003133498,8.903955e-7,0.001874891,0.001835771],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9932175,0.000005515919,0.006130212,0.0002967431,0.00009237578,0.00008915491,0.00003905184,0.00004328482,0.00008617998],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7409447,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8282709,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3118696462","doi":"10.1007/s42154-020-00128-8","title":"Joint Estimation of Inconsistency and State of Health for Series Battery Packs","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Automotive Innovation","topic":"Advanced Battery Technologies Research","field":"Engineering","cited_by":64,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Ontario Tech University","funders":"NSAF Joint Fund; Research and Innovation Foundation; Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Battery (electricity); Computer science; State of health; Mean squared error; Analytic hierarchy process; Data mining; Engineering; Statistics; Mathematics; Power (physics)","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03403308957840092,"gpt":0.2943938416329206,"spread":0.2603607520545197,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002178949,0.00006530677,0.000174583,0.0001997129,0.00002461491,0.000005822355,0.00003182712,0.00003104845,0.000004397573],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004202628,0.00007015274,0.00001175395,0.0005968967,0.00007184297,0.00020375,0.00003627293,0.00007136266,3.605403e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005725708,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004992553,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000002788232,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003728764,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992933,0.00001770016,0.0003886844,0.00009758394,0.00008964118,0.0001131097],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992193,0.00005988095,0.0001190229,0.0001246428,0.0004703829,0.000006746622],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000148125,0.00004579018,0.001506443,0.001775937,0.00007691426,0.000001594577,0.000695148,0.0306541,0.1465699,0.007143857,0.0004085401,0.811107],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003419153,0.000204878,0.05069843,0.0001662374,0.000003294733,0.000006723261,0.0003581659,0.03267948,0.8811219,0.03420168,0.0001042867,0.0001129714],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6245332,0.000102494,0.3742606,0.0006944523,0.000046458,0.0001746101,0.00004129084,0.0000877212,0.00005915714],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9662392,0.00005157704,0.03355844,0.00002827133,0.000003168683,0.00002214721,0.00005846543,0.00001173503,0.00002695623],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.810994,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2860746,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3158158385","doi":"10.1007/s42154-021-00146-0","title":"Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) Fuel Cells with Platinum Group Metal (PGM)-Free Cathode","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Automotive Innovation","topic":"Electrocatalysts for Energy Conversion","field":"Energy","cited_by":46,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"Fonds de recherche du Québec – Nature et technologies; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Natural Science Foundation of China; Centre québécois sur les matériaux fonctionnels; Institut national de la recherche scientifique","keywords":"Proton exchange membrane fuel cell; Cathode; Electrolyte; Catalysis; Fuel cells; Renewable energy; Materials science; Platinum; Durability; Platinum group; Chemical engineering; Process engineering; Waste management; Chemistry; Electrode; Engineering; Electrical engineering; Composite material","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01327392308121946,"gpt":0.2231077954515538,"spread":0.2098338723703344,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005282489,0.0003595359,0.0003626693,0.0003902544,0.0001276672,0.00006255539,0.000319669,0.0002051149,0.0003958512],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000261196,0.000333185,0.00006538972,0.003026676,0.0000855247,0.0006194445,0.0001820235,0.0003399881,0.0001102941],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003580433,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001830081,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006712661,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001321137,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9974459,0.0001769025,0.0004862881,0.0006744805,0.0007221507,0.0004942951],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9973532,0.00009378773,0.0003431031,0.0007796334,0.001372506,0.00005774759],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002242332,0.0003812982,0.0003856978,0.0004277027,0.0003315663,0.0002034882,0.001195453,0.0006128188,0.9276125,0.05604484,0.001130725,0.01144961],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001910804,0.0003504177,0.0007537876,0.00007558263,0.00008038912,0.00005072878,0.0001344402,0.0005734477,0.9708499,0.003041836,0.02172517,0.0004534898],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9422921,0.0002160374,0.005469517,0.001061158,0.0005552882,0.0009037381,0.00001869118,0.0006725902,0.04881088],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9862419,0.00003177516,0.006282634,0.0006381021,0.0002484013,0.0002552236,0.001040444,0.0001066074,0.005154897],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.053003,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999912,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2990108246","doi":"10.1007/s42154-019-00079-9","title":"Comprehensive Analysis and Optimization of Dynamic Vibration-Absorbing Structures for Electric Vehicles Driven by In-Wheel Motors","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Automotive Innovation","topic":"Vibration Control and Rheological Fluids","field":"Engineering","cited_by":35,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Young Scientists Fund; Postdoctoral Research Foundation of China","keywords":"Suspension (topology); Vibration; Particle swarm optimization; Control theory (sociology); Coupling (piping); Active suspension; Automotive engineering; Sensitivity (control systems); Engineering; Electric motor; Computer science; Control engineering; Actuator; Control (management); Mechanical engineering; Electronic engineering; Mathematics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.005653891831211819,"gpt":0.2187732461533682,"spread":0.2131193543221563,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006660551,0.000106557,0.0002228614,0.0005335851,0.00002975367,0.00001996685,0.00004865435,0.00009368504,0.00002260596],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005140529,0.000100127,0.000031619,0.00169683,0.00001787586,0.000215759,0.000009294956,0.00007185727,6.272848e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004519923,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009834445,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009498177,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004509858,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992834,0.00002362616,0.0003350239,0.0001559034,0.00008927193,0.0001127891],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994516,0.0001197847,0.00008082815,0.00007396247,0.0002621216,0.00001166349],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001274061,0.000009985888,0.009589398,0.00003861523,0.0001229316,6.391685e-8,0.00009264019,0.730343,0.2556951,0.002054215,0.00001944719,0.002021831],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004208862,0.00006012288,0.1500497,0.000006192334,0.00003015195,1.570105e-7,0.00003092235,0.8409545,0.007833868,0.0005174413,0.000007603987,0.00008842653],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6347622,0.00007139404,0.3647262,0.00004341866,0.00004655971,0.0002632314,0.00001278706,0.00004492909,0.00002920648],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9949126,0.00002615197,0.004680476,0.0000587225,0.00000853635,0.00002053687,0.0002657412,0.00001092021,0.00001630407],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3601504,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4083062,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4407566067","doi":"10.1007/s42154-024-00289-w","title":"Social Predictive Intelligent Driver Model for Autonomous Driving Simulation","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Automotive Innovation","topic":"Autonomous Vehicle Technology and Safety","field":"Engineering","cited_by":28,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01870146030368354,"gpt":0.2851084329907949,"spread":0.2664069726871113,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001991886,0.0001582416,0.0001701256,0.0003828948,0.0001789031,0.00001802275,0.0001212535,0.0002550499,0.000007478269],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001074415,0.0001836644,0.00004857592,0.0007517466,0.0000671739,0.0002157449,0.00003795317,0.0002137292,0.000008323813],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00037194,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006507592,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000001222198,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004086348,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991092,0.0000119086,0.0003690293,0.0002129858,0.0000747587,0.0002220799],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993383,0.00009487919,0.00007101542,0.0001211592,0.0003647114,0.000009957489],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001572483,0.00002830371,0.0007073657,0.00002925856,0.00009571347,2.58287e-7,0.001023908,0.866613,0.0009252751,0.09302477,0.0005581612,0.03697826],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002699668,0.00002386156,0.010067,0.00001904573,0.00002444252,1.614851e-7,0.000059223,0.9528192,0.005964527,0.02968961,0.000920329,0.0001426293],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1887599,0.00001266755,0.8075922,0.0002922193,0.0001782681,0.0004140366,0.00001347297,0.00101286,0.00172436],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9971074,0.000002469436,0.002038215,0.0001390739,0.00005184592,0.0001089249,0.00006850643,0.00002334505,0.0004601966],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8083475,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7489617,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4410925783","doi":"10.1007/s42154-024-00341-9","title":"A Model Cluster Adapting to Different Charge Voltage Segments for Battery Capacity Estimation","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Automotive Innovation","topic":"Advanced Battery Technologies Research","field":"Engineering","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Battery capacity; Battery (electricity); Cluster (spacecraft); Voltage; Estimation; Computer science; Charge (physics); Electrical engineering; Engineering; Power (physics); Physics; Computer network","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04069470952149493,"gpt":0.3045259392489602,"spread":0.2638312297274652,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001799719,0.0001677901,0.0001615408,0.0006050665,0.00009393028,0.00003898716,0.0001675737,0.0001043175,0.000009207368],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000431938,0.0001716754,0.00002512298,0.0009140297,0.00002232915,0.0002731816,0.0001003288,0.0001975706,0.00001765468],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003990801,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001424304,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000002545661,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003204266,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989626,0.000009530617,0.0003177132,0.000239503,0.0001581165,0.0003125728],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993412,0.00009181112,0.00004219458,0.0002137947,0.0002932878,0.00001768218],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003548921,0.00006698412,0.0008908388,0.0003356675,0.0000858393,4.986367e-7,0.0004487535,0.7140908,0.1784245,0.00894116,0.006754275,0.08992524],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003105777,0.00002884647,0.001685968,0.00008215773,0.000004619242,2.115692e-7,0.00004069833,0.8845203,0.107811,0.00529741,0.00008606918,0.0001321802],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4295525,0.000002192522,0.5687523,0.0004052745,0.0001086586,0.0005173624,0.00002628586,0.0003895196,0.0002458678],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9725785,0.000001126102,0.02598181,0.0004832255,0.00001893241,0.0004363557,0.00006916361,0.000026538,0.0004043169],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.543026,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7000719,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4391033686","doi":"10.1007/s42154-023-00282-9","title":"Preface for Feature Topic on Human Driver Behaviours for Intelligent Vehicles","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Automotive Innovation","topic":"Autonomous Vehicle Technology and Safety","field":"Engineering","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Feature (linguistics); Computer science; Human–computer interaction","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03064501158305743,"gpt":0.3040794792269673,"spread":0.2734344676439099,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001458023,0.000134465,0.0001170018,0.0002174473,0.0001042562,0.00002822408,0.00009888705,0.0002094448,0.00001066936],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002846607,0.0001318564,0.00004997259,0.0003275754,0.00003544719,0.0001044185,0.00001285437,0.0002153484,0.00001290811],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001483388,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001540553,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000002235924,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000006460677,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993711,0.000005732474,0.0001814879,0.0002023892,0.00005965231,0.0001796593],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996423,0.00006887056,0.000024095,0.0001324098,0.0001210161,0.00001135442],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000337664,0.00008373949,0.001741862,0.0002724698,0.0002199849,0.000004881894,0.001124838,0.003232989,0.02280222,0.7398206,0.02189816,0.2087645],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001060674,0.001205035,0.1107448,0.0003616039,0.0001415908,0.000006722772,0.0002261678,0.0634533,0.6605483,0.06570838,0.09559786,0.0009455506],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9106855,0.0001177096,0.08466372,0.00103384,0.0005947794,0.0007966359,0.000110072,0.001463098,0.0005346347],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9972233,0.000003865091,0.001205675,0.0001005197,0.000106721,0.0001607348,0.0002236765,0.00003609512,0.0009394547],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6741122,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5376949,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4254477550","doi":"10.1007/s42154-020-00092-3","title":"Correction to: Comprehensive Analysis and Optimization of Dynamic Vibration-Absorbing Structures for Electric Vehicles Driven by In-Wheel Motors","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Automotive Innovation","topic":"Mechanical Engineering and Vibrations Research","field":"Engineering","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Mistake; Sentence; Vibration; Computer science; Artificial intelligence; Acoustics; Physics; Political science; Law","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01274842562284797,"gpt":0.2582422549295728,"spread":0.2454938293067248,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006455989,0.00009834383,0.0001779016,0.0006016743,0.00003740085,0.00002660104,0.00005458716,0.00005804259,0.000007594453],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003180426,0.0001094879,0.00002469395,0.003655066,0.00000866039,0.0001455506,0.00001237677,0.0001137734,4.696691e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006375874,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001411966,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001695664,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000006866367,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992731,0.00002052011,0.0002987511,0.0001679,0.0001185327,0.000121145],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994473,0.000134512,0.00004720609,0.00006428003,0.0002722792,0.00003439219],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001041453,0.000006118453,0.0001735783,0.00003832149,0.00006232163,6.716579e-8,0.0001672612,0.803758,0.1915025,0.0002463363,0.0001612775,0.003873775],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001912852,0.00009785828,0.009890045,0.0000112738,0.00002266187,1.525112e-7,0.00004822688,0.9550341,0.03455151,0.00004869201,0.00001321838,0.00009097136],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3373486,0.00002001277,0.6621192,0.0001103969,0.00006449772,0.0002445687,0.00001293456,0.00006983329,0.000009991241],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9887502,0.00001498102,0.0109112,0.00005500733,0.00001500622,0.00003910173,0.0001908919,0.00001672086,0.000006904205],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6514016,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4464788,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4367395032","doi":"10.1007/s42154-023-00227-2","title":"Preface for Cyber-Attack Detection and Resilient Control of Intelligent and Connected Vehicles","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Automotive Innovation","topic":"Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs)","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"","keywords":"Computer security; Computer science; Control (management); Cyber-attack; Cyber-physical system; Artificial intelligence; Operating system","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01636427634835328,"gpt":0.2472734848618779,"spread":0.2309092085135246,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002986818,0.0001048832,0.000147761,0.0002067999,0.00004445487,0.0000169889,0.00003246739,0.00007920427,0.00000232752],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001826892,0.0001101723,0.00001505542,0.0007139826,0.00004133374,0.00009830304,0.00001658025,0.00008268261,0.000003264741],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004413266,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007627523,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000005270158,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002326523,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993068,0.00002342096,0.0002644261,0.0001535409,0.00009190902,0.0001599094],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993849,0.000165699,0.0000659307,0.00008990626,0.0002728527,0.00002075793],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009817188,0.00002841391,0.002489355,0.0003171366,0.0002151345,0.000002073178,0.0009110217,0.6357762,0.2744733,0.002500791,0.001061768,0.08212657],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006326339,0.0001150509,0.05555175,0.00004582002,0.00001941822,0.000002649418,0.0000921317,0.8431695,0.09869846,0.0004810056,0.00107933,0.0001123263],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9178965,0.000118085,0.08090185,0.0001009902,0.000133744,0.0005203053,0.00002004948,0.0002625206,0.00004593722],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995392,0.00003860812,0.0002077775,0.00002563751,0.00003903701,0.00005303796,0.00003420861,0.00002345521,0.00003905804],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2073932,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4492697,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4396860186","doi":"10.1007/s42154-023-00252-1","title":"Prefrontal Correlates of Passengers’ Mental Activity Based on fNIRS for High-Level Automated Vehicles","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Automotive Innovation","topic":"Human-Automation Interaction and Safety","field":"Psychology","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Psychology; Prefrontal cortex; Computer science; Cognitive psychology; Neuroscience; Cognition","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04738177164772572,"gpt":0.3671165796059306,"spread":0.3197348079582049,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004082382,0.0001930895,0.0002178853,0.0005657181,0.0001134046,0.0000453714,0.0001004024,0.0001869567,0.001291291],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001437214,0.0001849108,0.00008561734,0.0007335382,0.00007396358,0.0002683724,0.0000148891,0.0002381283,0.0002244551],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002248088,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007771508,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005606079,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001047008,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985836,0.000129275,0.0004753206,0.0003756943,0.0002343006,0.0002018361],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986767,0.0004851957,0.0002361699,0.0002086531,0.0003673045,0.00002593738],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002734187,0.00308183,0.00436302,0.0004963204,0.00145639,0.00002792604,0.01805478,0.00128949,0.1445606,0.5147909,0.1489174,0.1602271],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002189445,0.0008938378,0.6116371,0.0002781369,0.00005554834,0.000007148575,0.0008007914,0.3338858,0.04464751,0.001045148,0.004180239,0.0003792504],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9718843,0.00001017307,0.015498,0.001335117,0.003472612,0.0006954062,0.0004925418,0.001125923,0.005485928],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9970246,5.112354e-7,0.0004607748,0.000239588,0.0000917299,0.0001459976,0.000448749,0.00003675328,0.001551329],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6072741,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996217,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4408992910","doi":"10.1007/s42154-024-00313-z","title":"Cascaded Safety Analysis and Test Scenario Generation Techniques for Autonomous Driving: A Case Study with WATonoBus","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Automotive Innovation","topic":"Safety Systems Engineering in Autonomy","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Canadian Network for Research and Innovation in Machining Technology, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Hazard and operability study; Operability; Reliability engineering; Computer science; Reliability (semiconductor); Systems engineering; Process (computing); Hazard; Field (mathematics); Function (biology); Fault tree analysis; System safety; Scenario testing; Risk analysis (engineering); Engineering; Artificial intelligence","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01106884570204591,"gpt":0.2465782635104031,"spread":0.2355094178083572,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004654035,0.0002637777,0.0003600591,0.001150023,0.0001649495,0.00009196746,0.00008388777,0.0001186036,0.000003546015],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001717809,0.0002580778,0.00003900783,0.003057414,0.00003172019,0.0002325713,0.00002896005,0.0001603116,7.844472e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004200426,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006940334,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001695792,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004419736,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987119,0.00002603847,0.0005688809,0.0003572896,0.0001105201,0.0002253808],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989111,0.000216592,0.0000956901,0.0003060048,0.0004436744,0.00002695624],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009594258,0.001039594,0.504761,0.0008103307,0.01125888,0.0006585915,0.01191176,0.2578506,0.04428352,0.01236629,0.001499896,0.1534635],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001449882,0.0004752093,0.08584709,0.0001042454,0.000936512,0.000237886,0.001349889,0.8623848,0.04371786,0.00003334112,0.002735329,0.0007279741],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.5275581,0.00002088837,0.4700165,0.00007400172,0.000108622,0.001191442,0.00001590683,0.0007666398,0.0002478715],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9880212,0.000002017576,0.01114196,0.00003291194,0.00007384775,0.0004584671,0.00008498641,0.00004051382,0.0001440807],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6045341,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999871,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2793709300","doi":"10.1007/s42154-018-0008-x","title":"Design of a Regenerative Auxiliary Power System for Service Vehicles","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Automotive Innovation","topic":"Advanced Battery Technologies Research","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Astellas Pharma US","keywords":"Power (physics); Service (business); Automotive engineering; Regenerative brake; Computer science; Systems engineering; Engineering; Business; Physics; Marketing","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03788047747331463,"gpt":0.2892159111649683,"spread":0.2513354336916537,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002450588,0.0001081121,0.000139203,0.0002740668,0.00005496289,0.000009913544,0.0001633336,0.0000985822,0.000007557758],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001593535,0.0001060257,0.00001254769,0.001373388,0.00007542991,0.0001950082,0.00003952265,0.0000947933,0.00002011222],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001588117,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002721708,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000002573847,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001232123,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992417,0.00002417483,0.0002619276,0.0001510719,0.0001318907,0.0001893141],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981579,0.0001155677,0.00006877661,0.000211374,0.001437062,0.000009347584],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006202504,0.0000253583,0.0001043987,0.0002693817,0.00009282352,0.000001515163,0.0006897519,0.01164511,0.9572194,0.01803816,0.001916803,0.009935281],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002713788,0.0002076672,0.0007412819,0.00007368009,0.000003757256,0.000001986905,0.0004181584,0.08449275,0.9119471,0.001504461,0.000224779,0.0001129702],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3022897,0.00001986221,0.6957858,0.0001492013,0.0001508149,0.0004852428,0.00001947277,0.0005459051,0.0005540889],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9714894,0.000001250048,0.02823038,0.00004849354,0.00004237726,0.0001096864,0.00001516813,0.00002801848,0.00003526773],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6691997,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4323603,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4409175135","doi":"10.1007/s42154-024-00301-3","title":"Flow Dynamics, Liquid Water Flooding and Removal Characteristics in a PEMFC Cathode with Hexagon-Pin Flow Field","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Automotive Innovation","topic":"Fuel Cells and Related Materials","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Windsor","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Flooding (psychology); Cathode; Flow (mathematics); Mechanics; Dynamics (music); Water flow; Water flooding; Materials science; Liquid water; Environmental science; Petroleum engineering; Geology; Physics; Soil science; Electrical engineering; Engineering; Thermodynamics; Psychology; Acoustics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.00415852480443316,"gpt":0.199483676951494,"spread":0.1953251521470609,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002185423,0.0001563692,0.0002084161,0.0002879286,0.00004268557,0.00005357866,0.00005732096,0.0001552732,0.00003072577],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004865879,0.0001227016,0.00001017879,0.0004248328,0.00002240972,0.0001290289,0.00003559123,0.0001980016,0.000007840512],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001053442,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001915466,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003452026,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003652769,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991848,0.00002195253,0.0003285476,0.0001804533,0.00007090386,0.0002132882],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996901,0.00003273617,0.00003131261,0.0001194716,0.0001124201,0.00001396584],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002099561,0.0005917579,0.009195657,0.01142661,0.001165333,0.001161565,0.01808134,0.1718301,0.6054157,0.01336208,0.003101261,0.162569],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001255193,0.0002509374,0.004108731,0.0007979358,0.00004227137,0.0000376891,0.0001533521,0.8119347,0.1784646,0.0007226762,0.001713631,0.0005182747],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9869843,0.00007525134,0.007295227,0.0004501501,0.0008266093,0.0001946791,0.00001656885,0.0001532147,0.004004071],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9958519,0.00009915185,0.003458918,0.0001443998,0.0000565737,0.00001164528,0.000153344,0.00002346648,0.0002006181],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6401046,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5003626,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2898906747","doi":"10.1007/s42154-018-0035-7","title":"Correction to: Design of a Regenerative Auxiliary Power System for Service Vehicles","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Automotive Innovation","topic":"Electric and Hybrid Vehicle Technologies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Service (business); Computer science; Power (physics); Auxiliary power unit; Systems engineering; Control engineering; Engineering; Operations research; Automotive engineering; Electrical engineering; Business; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02139574581686404,"gpt":0.2449760870123579,"spread":0.2235803411954938,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000236901,0.0001082788,0.0001409024,0.0002873002,0.00006701156,0.00001175,0.00009824693,0.00006967243,0.000002976772],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001748016,0.0001091895,0.00001564136,0.001665166,0.00002845262,0.0001249244,0.00001615177,0.00007786704,0.00001914077],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001408189,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003053679,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001646675,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005704168,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993386,0.00001824815,0.0002553897,0.0001431969,0.00009093315,0.0001536926],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985397,0.000103946,0.00007170151,0.0001351457,0.001138162,0.00001128518],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000182749,0.00006718362,0.0006315213,0.0002622583,0.0002099144,0.00000163075,0.001872839,0.0181097,0.832294,0.03852202,0.06402828,0.04381789],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001922814,0.0003989149,0.00339643,0.00009395437,0.000009869503,0.000003691972,0.000257241,0.1336078,0.8612292,0.0004710387,0.000214705,0.0001248464],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4685359,0.00002358367,0.5286436,0.0001254669,0.0006954849,0.0004548625,0.00000836486,0.0007713845,0.0007413683],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9927739,0.000001303074,0.006852291,0.00008661159,0.00007636804,0.00008738696,0.000009554689,0.0000220181,0.00009057044],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.524238,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4452617,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4415660325","doi":"10.1007/s42154-024-00346-4","title":"Trajectory Planning for Autonomous Vehicles in Narrow Parking Lot with Improved Hybrid A*","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Automotive Innovation","topic":"Robotic Path Planning Algorithms","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"Anhui Provincial Department of Education; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Waypoint; Trajectory; Heading (navigation); Motion planning; Constraint (computer-aided design); Sequence (biology); Path (computing); Point (geometry); Smoothness","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02011689219526929,"gpt":0.2789236465314052,"spread":0.2588067543361359,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006476387,0.0001814115,0.0002169631,0.000677952,0.0001372878,0.000117364,0.0004196601,0.00006221831,5.791292e-7],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002073933,0.0001760325,0.00002386987,0.001779656,0.00004521994,0.0004850299,0.00006686783,0.0002111683,0.000001960414],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002146833,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003069482,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003415268,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002612338,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985621,0.00005143769,0.0004004124,0.0004884311,0.0001500403,0.0003475592],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989075,0.0002395397,0.0002022579,0.0002963886,0.0003345528,0.00001976247],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003859729,0.0008211266,0.1026275,0.0004543459,0.0003759821,0.0003230566,0.01653304,0.2055133,0.05431237,0.09849815,0.004430853,0.5157243],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001285831,0.0002257098,0.1054044,0.0002778443,0.000007511033,0.00001137296,0.0001146294,0.8637273,0.02590408,0.002437773,0.0003253343,0.000278164],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.2109062,0.0000517035,0.7869467,0.0005990448,0.0003398674,0.0004162407,0.000003493081,0.0002756973,0.0004610855],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8280372,1.680721e-7,0.171162,0.0004792188,0.00003040885,0.0001002121,0.0000199123,0.00001186073,0.0001590685],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.658214,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7178397,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4410571804","doi":"10.1007/s42154-025-00390-8","title":"Preface for Feature Topic on Testing of Highly Automated Vehicles","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Automotive Innovation","topic":"Autonomous Vehicle Technology and Safety","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Ministry of Education and Child Care","funders":"","keywords":"Feature (linguistics); Computer science; Information retrieval; Data science; Linguistics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01387644401043516,"gpt":0.255910504069547,"spread":0.2420340600591118,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001389864,0.0001073688,0.0001518458,0.000269279,0.00006246215,0.000006202091,0.00010385,0.0001871561,0.000001697634],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002711657,0.0001086623,0.00002063184,0.001132433,0.00003855741,0.00006839365,0.0000170184,0.0001602582,0.000003317365],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007661702,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003155088,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000003765962,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001446962,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994308,0.000009653678,0.0002370634,0.0001322281,0.00005276615,0.0001374808],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993518,0.000155446,0.00006621643,0.0001503219,0.000270539,0.000005699248],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007152643,0.0001668313,0.01990323,0.0006470571,0.0003579658,0.000002864189,0.0003979819,0.03762682,0.2749205,0.3887961,0.01556319,0.2615459],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000589619,0.0001403883,0.2579712,0.0001557274,0.00001946106,6.846172e-7,0.00003259128,0.1869365,0.5449867,0.006515452,0.00249183,0.0001599223],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9803703,0.00004193811,0.01058297,0.0007334385,0.0002097727,0.0003498055,0.00002712755,0.002441904,0.005242757],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9944773,0.000001197364,0.005013401,0.0001204871,0.00001686106,0.00003198029,0.00003433336,0.00001233005,0.0002920597],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3822806,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4431121,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}