{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":24,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":24,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12","author_layer_release":"2026-06-26"},"query_hash":"62c1325bf9c2","filters":{"venue":"Bilingual processing and acquisition"}},"results":[{"id":"W2481161651","doi":"10.1075/bpa.2.02tit","title":"Chapter 1. Bilingualism, executive control, and eye movement measures of reading","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Bilingual processing and acquisition","topic":"Neurobiology of Language and Bilingualism","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Western University; McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Psychology; Reading (process); Control (management); Eye movement; Cognitive psychology; Neuroscience of multilingualism; Linguistics; Computer science; Artificial intelligence; Neuroscience; Philosophy","authors":[{"name":"Debra Titone","is_ca":true},{"name":"Veronica Whitford","is_ca":true},{"name":"Agnieszka Lijewska","is_ca":false},{"name":"Inbal Itzhak","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03271659035678264,"gpt":0.2764111642882787,"spread":0.243694573931496,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004667742,0.0004898129,0.0006440834,0.0002816652,0.0002831005,0.0000804818,0.0001625675,0.0003776092,0.00004691581],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002544087,0.0003677554,0.0001107752,0.00003586302,0.0007899911,0.0001817138,0.0001144226,0.0002933912,0.000006242415],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000283958,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001005994,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000006299724,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002388722,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9975849,0.0000667831,0.000633073,0.001010811,0.0003628406,0.0003415327],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984986,0.0002983522,0.0006220096,0.0002609274,0.0001960947,0.0001240231],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003456786,0.00004818372,0.00003142105,0.0004262266,0.0000417016,0.0003851426,0.002189648,0.000001762608,0.8640749,0.02768638,0.00001949121,0.1047494],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.006914378,0.002224419,0.00007383883,0.00964576,0.0009016699,0.000966793,0.0007487939,0.0003109921,0.7647704,0.1910702,0.01874511,0.003627721],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6641457,0.02352317,0.001218286,0.001801324,0.001223635,0.002394829,0.0009752086,0.0007462245,0.3039716],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9657207,0.0009268398,0.0001396325,0.00200778,0.0004979221,0.000006623073,0.00001117458,0.00008233482,0.03060702],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.301575,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998775,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2622768147","doi":"10.1075/bpa.6.04sai","title":"The bilingual mental lexicon","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Bilingual processing and acquisition","topic":"Neurobiology of Language and Bilingualism","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal; Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Mental lexicon; Lexicon; Aphasia; Neuroscience of multilingualism; Linguistics; Psychology; Functional magnetic resonance imaging; Computer science; Cognitive psychology; Natural language processing; Neuroscience","authors":[{"name":"Ladan Ghazi Saidi","is_ca":false},{"name":"Tanya Dash","is_ca":true},{"name":"Ana Inés Ansaldo","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0379920705684853,"gpt":0.3015204717060083,"spread":0.263528401137523,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004440268,0.0004690515,0.0003644579,0.0001038474,0.002627562,0.000629565,0.000488102,0.0004120008,0.00005746122],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003668223,0.0003223011,0.0001420948,0.00001779556,0.001202601,0.0002013443,0.0002277876,0.0006068682,0.00006351266],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003879512,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004194759,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000006708971,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002203763,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9977687,0.00006072304,0.0004334077,0.0009643743,0.0003457024,0.0004271125],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983947,0.0002987304,0.0005801974,0.0005260254,0.00008762738,0.0001127492],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004444805,0.00009795354,0.000009258373,0.0003696499,0.00004215742,0.001853279,0.00336483,0.000003978064,0.1722131,0.01934666,0.001224247,0.8010304],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002655873,0.001278133,0.00001709168,0.0027163,0.0003931301,0.007065993,0.000648274,0.0006932442,0.1904416,0.1567649,0.6339502,0.00337534],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.1888315,0.03101192,0.00004635457,0.003925135,0.004552129,0.001815976,0.0003346331,0.001051974,0.7684304],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.4828352,0.002316106,0.00009969624,0.002200921,0.00250916,0.00000947321,0.00008569885,0.0001505665,0.5097932],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.797655,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999229,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2622900532","doi":"10.1075/bpa.6.06tim","title":"The influence of contextual cues on representations in the mental lexicon for bilinguals","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Bilingual processing and acquisition","topic":"Neurobiology of Language and Bilingualism","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"","keywords":"Mental lexicon; Lexicon; Salience (neuroscience); Psychology; Concreteness; Cognitive psychology; Mental representation; Linguistics; Psycholinguistics; Context (archaeology); Cognition","authors":[{"name":"Kalinka Timmer","is_ca":true},{"name":"John G. Grundy","is_ca":true},{"name":"Ellen Bialystok","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05133011349183945,"gpt":0.3500588356499433,"spread":0.2987287221581038,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007182742,0.000254286,0.0002823017,0.0001074212,0.0009748287,0.0001950472,0.0004500025,0.0001915761,0.000004209797],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001147662,0.0001497473,0.0001003033,0.00002612206,0.000924867,0.000136194,0.00006421984,0.0003106392,0.000002982214],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001700862,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001727442,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001671061,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004991496,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983931,0.00009251778,0.0004620972,0.000560049,0.0002605329,0.0002317414],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9974074,0.001456979,0.0005805177,0.0004162172,0.000109664,0.00002915608],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002656665,0.0005763696,0.0001486446,0.001262965,0.00007372582,0.0006042592,0.0486919,0.0004272187,0.5457014,0.118617,0.0009402505,0.2802996],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.009064028,0.006497746,0.001326268,0.01027616,0.000591528,0.002205471,0.01084427,0.00113257,0.4283184,0.4572391,0.06874661,0.00375786],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9769415,0.0015608,0.000007107132,0.001201867,0.0002384936,0.001164767,0.0001752028,0.00004740595,0.01866287],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9869976,0.0003262147,0.00003120646,0.001105662,0.0002684472,0.00002837544,0.00003174759,0.00002707428,0.01118364],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3386221,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7497693,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2623626216","doi":"10.1075/bpa.6.05lib","title":"Non-selective language activation and bilingualism as the default mental lexicon","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Bilingual processing and acquisition","topic":"Neurobiology of Language and Bilingualism","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus; University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Mental lexicon; Lexicon; Neuroscience of multilingualism; Focus (optics); Computer science; Linguistics; Context (archaeology); Dominance (genetics); Natural language processing; Psychology","authors":[{"name":"Maya Libben","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0236367972739518,"gpt":0.3029503526006289,"spread":0.2793135553266771,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003562449,0.0004784271,0.000388227,0.0001602439,0.0014151,0.0004148094,0.0002883403,0.000436132,0.00004172749],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003477079,0.0003443654,0.00009141939,0.00003312169,0.0008079395,0.0003136318,0.0001922906,0.0006471399,0.00002423197],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004621903,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002527931,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006850709,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001989455,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979415,0.00006072583,0.0003470361,0.00100279,0.0003113272,0.0003366246],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986132,0.0002405731,0.0005629264,0.0003881594,0.00009809489,0.00009705176],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003890633,0.000086145,0.00001353687,0.0003865983,0.00004657226,0.0006877003,0.02995171,0.000003425275,0.7773427,0.00298136,0.0002737798,0.1878375],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002495537,0.001111053,0.0001068221,0.002488731,0.0003590312,0.004743734,0.002419638,0.0007026205,0.9168473,0.05239085,0.01411011,0.002224498],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8838683,0.003016678,0.00003016729,0.001321195,0.0004844062,0.001020251,0.00008002532,0.0002495498,0.1099294],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9440883,0.0003290609,0.00005124801,0.002571525,0.0008492948,0.00001164335,0.0000717708,0.00007598157,0.0519512],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1856129,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999008,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2558534828","doi":"10.1075/bpa.3.10mcd","title":"Working memory and L2 English speakers’ primed and subsequent production of passives","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Bilingual processing and acquisition","topic":"Neurobiology of Language and Bilingualism","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"","keywords":"Linguistics; Psychology; Working memory; Production (economics); Cognition; Philosophy; Economics; Neuroscience","authors":[{"name":"Kim McDonough","is_ca":true},{"name":"YouJin Kim","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02869000848392604,"gpt":0.2552731955800335,"spread":0.2265831870961074,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002898321,0.0003165953,0.0003795594,0.0001828888,0.0002382868,0.0000767664,0.0000821447,0.0002762111,0.00001617732],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003688358,0.0002447134,0.00004464969,0.00003962386,0.000791085,0.0001821361,0.0001036183,0.0002429065,0.000001141055],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001965393,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009087849,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000001937976,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002796956,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982772,0.00005984795,0.0003733514,0.0008669419,0.0001983584,0.0002243074],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990175,0.0001564251,0.0004440086,0.0001776539,0.0001226021,0.00008182276],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002469723,0.00005402767,0.00008204475,0.0008938095,0.00002400484,0.0002480864,0.008132083,9.817284e-7,0.6447111,0.001844271,0.00004573289,0.3437169],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002176592,0.0008630324,0.0002375955,0.008743021,0.0004285019,0.002229994,0.001244887,0.00004551661,0.948045,0.02553651,0.008479725,0.001969682],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9686837,0.008225261,0.00001893578,0.0003075492,0.0009047242,0.0004845824,0.00001815901,0.0001651478,0.02119199],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9751632,0.00116081,0.0001580864,0.0002458288,0.001027497,0.000004335884,0.00001067694,0.0000465335,0.022183],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3417472,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9979122,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2505826567","doi":"10.1075/bpa.2.09sch","title":"Chapter 8. Effects of cognitive control, lexical robustness, and frequency of codeswitching on language switching","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Bilingual processing and acquisition","topic":"Neurobiology of Language and Bilingualism","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Wilfrid Laurier University","funders":"","keywords":"Lexicon; Robustness (evolution); Cognition; Cued speech; Psychology; Mental lexicon; Task switching; Computer science; Cognitive psychology; Linguistics; Natural language processing","authors":[{"name":"John W. Schwieter","is_ca":true},{"name":"Aline Alves Ferreira","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01442505365949923,"gpt":0.2652234124048605,"spread":0.2507983587453613,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002501615,0.0003886273,0.0006241022,0.0002207656,0.0001770793,0.00003610853,0.0001193228,0.0003368328,0.00002523746],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005354459,0.00028774,0.0000970471,0.0000302827,0.0004682647,0.0001506675,0.00006531911,0.000365656,0.000002328127],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001255403,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000680761,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000007882352,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002774204,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982273,0.00007255038,0.0004788499,0.0007127626,0.0002623301,0.000246215],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9978458,0.001212719,0.0005923167,0.0001626463,0.0001031266,0.00008341594],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000384288,0.0000928701,0.00003830332,0.001439412,0.00003807025,0.0005858532,0.00250235,0.000004318548,0.8720031,0.01365005,0.00000122004,0.1092602],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.008281335,0.003366666,0.0002342804,0.03742797,0.000884631,0.001414461,0.0005246413,0.0006028153,0.9076875,0.03735438,0.00003392565,0.002187337],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9802918,0.003665114,0.001257843,0.00009013197,0.0001723762,0.0004422627,0.0001046265,0.00008382089,0.01389207],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9974636,0.0001516449,0.00008709899,0.0005264572,0.0002540883,0.000003717578,0.00000890965,0.00005110808,0.001453395],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1070728,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999575,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2622086457","doi":"10.1075/bpa.6.003int","title":"The dynamic lexicon","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Bilingual processing and acquisition","topic":"Lexicography and Language Studies","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Brock University; University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Lexicon; Computer science; Natural language processing; Linguistics; Philosophy","authors":[{"name":"Maya Libben","is_ca":true},{"name":"Mira Goral","is_ca":false},{"name":"Gary Libben","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02297534458470126,"gpt":0.2602711299200353,"spread":0.237295785335334,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts","scholarly_communication"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001892374,0.0002522759,0.0002029415,0.00006463443,0.003557965,0.001046412,0.0001508193,0.0001134198,0.0001639539],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002089631,0.000159956,0.0001046754,0.000002633853,0.001043896,0.0001572258,0.00006413823,0.0002438785,0.00002242985],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001565744,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007414862,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002085686,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005431394,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991373,0.000009151712,0.000203821,0.0002898877,0.0001698549,0.0001899639],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999254,0.0000562885,0.0002867238,0.0002253051,0.0001420227,0.00003563519],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005295614,0.00001462608,0.000001660995,0.0003266974,0.0001124295,0.00002560074,0.02477519,3.912957e-7,0.00000934049,0.4658003,0.0009501388,0.5079306],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002174932,0.0001025122,0.00001290428,0.0009607396,0.0001404879,0.00001234357,0.002110301,0.00008178432,0.000007330671,0.1476271,0.8482932,0.0004336868],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.0005638003,0.04749995,0.00001036466,0.0004852806,0.0005301419,0.00015155,0.00004608906,0.000123743,0.9505891],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.2247046,0.001478282,0.00002211559,0.0002269767,0.00168172,0.000007990177,0.00005825833,0.0000473152,0.7717727],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8473431,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999906,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2623699607","doi":"10.1075/bpa.6.09lib","title":"Morphological integration and the bilingual lexicon","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Bilingual processing and acquisition","topic":"Reading and Literacy Development","field":"Psychology","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Brock University","funders":"","keywords":"Mental lexicon; Lexicon; Priming (agriculture); Lexical decision task; Linguistics; Conceptualization; Perspective (graphical); Computer science; Psychology; Task (project management); Point (geometry); Natural language processing; Cognition; Artificial intelligence; Mathematics; Biology","authors":[{"name":"Gary Libben","is_ca":true},{"name":"Mira Goral","is_ca":false},{"name":"R. Harald Baayen","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03363377008652338,"gpt":0.3213898006557306,"spread":0.2877560305692072,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008436607,0.0003537418,0.0004205847,0.0001196755,0.0006737844,0.0004387957,0.0001593446,0.0004603148,0.0002101513],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001038338,0.0002194325,0.0000767412,0.00001366661,0.0007648858,0.0001150504,0.00008266098,0.0005032599,0.00004362667],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003134955,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001479168,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003211596,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000006550779,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984308,0.00006609352,0.000417109,0.0006471911,0.0002073985,0.000231439],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988607,0.0001729037,0.0004340568,0.0003247813,0.000130549,0.00007704166],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000636999,0.0000391435,0.00003946725,0.0001211377,0.00007751022,0.0001201514,0.01002994,0.000001110363,0.0001138554,0.1179731,0.0005817443,0.8702658],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01626403,0.001530808,0.004704598,0.009585246,0.001427242,0.005632441,0.004891421,0.002449091,0.0005946337,0.663516,0.2845845,0.004820005],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.0763232,0.02793453,0.001105315,0.00173602,0.001470141,0.0009126535,0.00004356396,0.0003082091,0.8901663],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.636393,0.0003548262,0.0006255002,0.0006185678,0.0009895371,0.0000222169,0.0001555344,0.0000553671,0.3607855],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8654459,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8948197,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2808825784","doi":"10.1075/bpa.7.04koh","title":"How do phonological awareness, morphological awareness, and vocabulary knowledge relate to word reading within and between English and Chinese?","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Bilingual processing and acquisition","topic":"Second Language Acquisition and Learning","field":"Psychology","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Wilfrid Laurier University; Institute for Christian Studies; University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Phonological awareness; Linguistics; Vocabulary; Reading (process); Psychology; Word (group theory); Computer science; Natural language processing; Philosophy","authors":[{"name":"Poh Wee Koh","is_ca":false},{"name":"Xi Chen","is_ca":true},{"name":"Alexandra Gottardo","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02953010014457079,"gpt":0.3150576758633863,"spread":0.2855275757188155,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007430652,0.000661457,0.0008318715,0.0003640109,0.0007228983,0.0006398691,0.0001415676,0.001102663,0.0008725466],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002979868,0.0005438451,0.0000630738,0.0001258303,0.0006197487,0.0002616665,0.0002892944,0.000797742,0.00002098312],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000374806,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009931741,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001451666,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000007339617,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9972529,0.0001482784,0.0005031106,0.001449012,0.0001991017,0.0004475289],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984587,0.0003395726,0.0003548283,0.000297539,0.0002084219,0.0003409449],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002415425,0.0004104325,0.07522372,0.003824146,0.0009893113,0.002959008,0.2171866,0.00001067329,0.001921871,0.01276173,0.00278351,0.6795136],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.02799867,0.01268245,0.4643786,0.032813,0.005074679,0.01481261,0.07057673,0.001897944,0.0008532116,0.1800115,0.1650791,0.02382151],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9428663,0.04453754,0.0003456061,0.0002513332,0.0004222087,0.0003640769,0.00004839055,0.0003085419,0.01085597],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97594,0.0002438339,0.0008316637,0.0008857375,0.002244811,0.00002254874,0.0002222947,0.0001021512,0.01950696],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6556921,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997013,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2507058359","doi":"10.1075/bpa.2.16gru","title":"Chapter 15. Cognitive mechanisms underlying performance differences between monolinguals and bilinguals","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Bilingual processing and acquisition","topic":"Neurobiology of Language and Bilingualism","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"","keywords":"Disengagement theory; Cognition; Cognitive psychology; Executive functions; Psychology; Mechanism (biology); Control (management); Working memory; Selection (genetic algorithm); Context (archaeology); Function (biology); Computer science; Neuroscience; Medicine; Artificial intelligence","authors":[{"name":"John G. Grundy","is_ca":true},{"name":"Kalinka Timmer","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.07595572317656929,"gpt":0.3015033314163921,"spread":0.2255476082398228,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004563301,0.0007788485,0.0008352809,0.0003846732,0.0008087027,0.0002637182,0.0002439207,0.0006395155,0.0001418082],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002116965,0.0005933045,0.0001152745,0.00005812148,0.0008332859,0.0003572893,0.0002414666,0.0005715426,0.00004439687],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003043327,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001458786,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000003010035,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002278673,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9966192,0.00008091927,0.0007107581,0.001583854,0.0004211276,0.0005841923],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980252,0.0006842134,0.0006445676,0.0002535835,0.0001754205,0.0002170652],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003055839,0.00007241332,0.0002889014,0.001280073,0.0001013344,0.0007548262,0.006266367,6.482813e-7,0.2297183,0.02055665,0.000005257849,0.7406496],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.006210236,0.004411082,0.001165346,0.02411809,0.001462334,0.004155624,0.002468155,0.0003400416,0.2880644,0.6570407,0.002313658,0.00825041],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9627622,0.003019674,0.0006223521,0.0002199461,0.0002764353,0.000602553,0.0001993926,0.000347748,0.03194969],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9804529,0.001076231,0.0002717749,0.0008956165,0.0005301784,0.00001033743,0.00002877481,0.0001103926,0.01662382],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7323992,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996518,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3096802457","doi":"10.1075/bpa.10.12ros","title":"Using Phon to analyze phonological and speech data","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Bilingual processing and acquisition","topic":"Phonetics and Phonology Research","field":"Psychology","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Set (abstract data type); Range (aeronautics); Software; Engineering","authors":[{"name":"Yvan Rose","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1700321949999405,"gpt":0.4097888506415135,"spread":0.239756655641573,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003697715,0.0003183658,0.0004397206,0.000206042,0.0002374443,0.0001580343,0.0002915819,0.000546901,0.0006071335],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006160289,0.0002956748,0.00003352666,0.00008792254,0.000257885,0.00007741244,0.0005928497,0.0005891922,0.00009953851],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002807521,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001378226,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000606018,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001234682,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979579,0.00004733468,0.0003301862,0.001148861,0.0001875493,0.0003281262],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990178,0.00007789281,0.0001436887,0.0004211647,0.0001004323,0.0002389682],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001394296,0.0002008746,0.0002810839,0.0007083202,0.0004315085,0.0009623275,0.006796416,0.0000118342,0.01613864,0.004930801,0.004470237,0.9636737],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01523127,0.01095634,0.01769338,0.007702529,0.004427762,0.01002717,0.005706037,0.07767163,0.004818375,0.3603424,0.4695076,0.01591559],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.5312504,0.04664407,0.006287621,0.004827887,0.001829863,0.002150067,0.00169042,0.0006987385,0.404621],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9460928,0.0005308058,0.008118185,0.00254407,0.002398508,0.000009735022,0.001179619,0.0001864268,0.03893987],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9477581,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999495,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2809368647","doi":"10.1075/bpa.7.05kal","title":"The complexities of written Chinese and the cognitive-linguistic precursors to reading, with consequent implications for reading interventions","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Bilingual processing and acquisition","topic":"Reading and Literacy Development","field":"Psychology","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Mount Saint Vincent University","funders":"","keywords":"Reading (process); Linguistics; Psychological intervention; Cognition; Psychology; Cognitive science; Philosophy; Neuroscience","authors":[{"name":"Sylvia Chanda Kalindi","is_ca":true},{"name":"Kevin Kien Hoa Chung","is_ca":false},{"name":"Duo Liu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Li‐Chih Wang","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04049293779390012,"gpt":0.3616885530023431,"spread":0.321195615208443,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007835636,0.0002762987,0.000374097,0.0001387498,0.0008236408,0.0001977317,0.0001353171,0.0001150292,0.00003245573],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002715514,0.0001557521,0.00009356769,0.00006041244,0.001050889,0.0000402589,0.0000581639,0.0001607083,0.000004290695],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003226412,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009612647,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002717408,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002446451,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986249,0.00005682062,0.0005382368,0.0004329953,0.000122376,0.0002247006],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9976447,0.001026468,0.0004659042,0.0002143042,0.0005763338,0.00007233085],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.005377384,0.0001770939,0.001087945,0.00273672,0.001257763,0.000007743639,0.1139766,0.000004727645,0.00009118809,0.7288287,0.002473095,0.1439811],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01091771,0.003547739,0.01853267,0.04281275,0.00300313,0.001006252,0.01602005,0.0004928075,0.0001149843,0.8393349,0.06159739,0.002619615],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3381234,0.0371584,0.0492359,0.009707476,0.002056372,0.01178227,0.002107073,0.000579662,0.5492494],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9235317,0.00009961193,0.001571808,0.0003260479,0.0005434813,0.00032763,0.0002240724,0.00007199317,0.07330364],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5854083,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6351388,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3095788763","doi":"10.1075/bpa.10.02mez","title":"The application of bilingual phonological learning models to early second language development","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Bilingual processing and acquisition","topic":"Language Development and Disorders","field":"Psychology","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta; Université de Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Tagalog; Linguistics; Consonant; Psychology; Phonological development; Language acquisition; Contrast (vision); Phonology; Computer science; Artificial intelligence; Philosophy; Vowel","authors":[{"name":"Rabia Sabah Meziane","is_ca":true},{"name":"Andrea A. N. MacLeod","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02986311265556162,"gpt":0.282819325287864,"spread":0.2529562126323023,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003328677,0.0003034221,0.0003250455,0.000118533,0.0003476154,0.0000918314,0.0001949713,0.0003212625,0.000164053],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003439908,0.0002297185,0.000061994,0.00008252885,0.0001236677,0.00006795109,0.0001142237,0.0003799366,0.00008500155],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003806462,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002382459,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001701646,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003440592,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983466,0.00003478722,0.000508786,0.0005857793,0.0002631609,0.0002608661],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991538,0.0001059572,0.0003230417,0.0001751889,0.0001328034,0.0001092207],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004196641,0.0000570492,0.00007372838,0.000255862,0.0001285593,0.00003349595,0.0778575,0.00008768769,0.001328794,0.01966354,0.0001657681,0.8999283],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01353245,0.005468412,0.007200051,0.005025926,0.001329521,0.0003704687,0.1778487,0.01043859,0.01779819,0.1441901,0.6028851,0.01391244],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.5934231,0.01953574,0.01635242,0.0004142944,0.0004318267,0.001517766,0.0000341408,0.0005364722,0.3677542],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9374358,0.00002346283,0.001688097,0.0003348919,0.0002458647,0.00003592804,0.0001576744,0.00006262796,0.06001562],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8860159,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9367649,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3095311359","doi":"10.1075/bpa.10.03der","title":"Issues for second language pronunciation in children","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Bilingual processing and acquisition","topic":"Phonetics and Phonology Research","field":"Psychology","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University; University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Pronunciation; Phonology; Intelligibility (philosophy); Linguistics; Psychology; Cognition; Second language; Foreign language; First language; Computer science; Cognitive psychology; Mathematics education","authors":[{"name":"Tracey M. Derwing","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02604085993450814,"gpt":0.3437037967552803,"spread":0.3176629368207722,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000239774,0.000189476,0.0002611426,0.0001525536,0.00008816169,0.00005964029,0.00009043865,0.0003799085,0.0004397078],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002668467,0.000188846,0.00004418707,0.00003512657,0.00007496348,0.00004603082,0.00003584719,0.000309148,0.00004275886],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002975123,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009183591,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002754254,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002982223,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998943,0.00002187962,0.0002481308,0.0004673184,0.0001133423,0.0002063029],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995748,0.00004290822,0.0001359511,0.0001199644,0.00007124773,0.00005509093],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00277047,0.0005937077,0.004307567,0.003966702,0.0007280137,0.0001870022,0.1286603,0.00001418771,0.01373555,0.04916277,0.0115884,0.7842853],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0269502,0.009226804,0.156369,0.007420056,0.001058091,0.0008472627,0.006615131,0.004040265,0.01264019,0.6638173,0.1017545,0.009261171],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6953026,0.07249648,0.0003026097,0.001714694,0.0005677539,0.00334481,0.000787741,0.000313478,0.2251698],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7869001,0.00009843997,0.0005691331,0.000555762,0.001503131,0.000080333,0.001090083,0.0001046971,0.2090983],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7750241,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7700917,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4398254613","doi":"10.1075/bpa.19","title":"Virtual Reality, Artificial Intelligence and Language Learning","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"book","venue":"Bilingual processing and acquisition","topic":"Neurobiology of Language and Bilingualism","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Artificial intelligence","authors":[{"name":"Ulf Schütze","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04720578879820276,"gpt":0.3220757525971972,"spread":0.2748699637989945,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004321674,0.0003786898,0.0003631609,0.0002342359,0.0003821774,0.0004039188,0.0001509166,0.0004017597,0.00004300122],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003784169,0.0003319045,0.00006924019,0.0001322957,0.0005250376,0.00015182,0.000227459,0.0009059305,0.00005774241],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003892203,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002596299,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009110031,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000007398768,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9977956,0.000138088,0.0004202785,0.001063788,0.0002531362,0.0003291387],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991916,0.0002985063,0.0001953183,0.0001604346,0.00004682328,0.0001073141],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001470786,0.00008520898,0.000002037977,0.001403964,0.0000189656,0.003425029,0.01477326,0.00008227932,0.1353989,0.008346779,0.0006503979,0.8356661],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009014217,0.004943139,0.00001133036,0.01292859,0.001351287,0.01688369,0.01595521,0.02846071,0.4199136,0.4382322,0.05296071,0.00745809],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7903872,0.04460458,0.002996215,0.002569555,0.002790359,0.001606005,0.0003374097,0.0032247,0.151484],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8508972,0.0004958187,0.00009370754,0.001059301,0.001806614,0.000007866594,0.000116839,0.00009728617,0.1454254],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.828208,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999133,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3097957795","doi":"10.1075/bpa.10.11ber","title":"Phonological development","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Bilingual processing and acquisition","topic":"Reading and Literacy Development","field":"Psychology","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Indigenous; Linguistics; Foundation (evidence); Intervention (counseling); Indigenous language; First language; Political science; Sociology; Psychology","authors":[{"name":"Barbara May Bernhardt","is_ca":true},{"name":"Joseph Paul Stemberger","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03694296055363186,"gpt":0.2999615565609643,"spread":0.2630185960073325,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001841654,0.0003489638,0.0003585551,0.0001189591,0.0002286192,0.0001201176,0.0001141049,0.000417033,0.0008860232],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001579214,0.0003043543,0.00005481395,0.00003374017,0.0001010335,0.00005392462,0.00007366815,0.0003836345,0.000565084],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006131412,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001958321,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000001739956,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":4.124589e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.99837,0.0000191121,0.0004489223,0.0007023798,0.0002158668,0.0002437308],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993799,0.00004157636,0.0002192695,0.000138804,0.00008096808,0.0001394972],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001566579,0.00005805289,0.00004453967,0.0002834073,0.0001168699,0.0002236328,0.009952246,0.000001231906,0.00008539361,0.0239848,0.002675584,0.9624176],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007866088,0.0002297928,0.0009705077,0.001263987,0.00009499719,0.0002202151,0.0003802083,0.00005166508,0.0002093364,0.01268843,0.9819211,0.001183101],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.009268333,0.009630061,0.0009751473,0.0004653118,0.0006821355,0.0003052279,0.00001405792,0.0004753122,0.9781844],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.3017841,0.00008556564,0.007852217,0.00209985,0.00125353,0.00003485871,0.000432772,0.0001283969,0.6863286],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9792455,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999409,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4400680892","doi":"10.1075/bpa.18.11gar","title":"The narrative abilities of Spanish monolinguals and Spanish–Catalan bilinguals with Prader–Willi syndrome","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Bilingual processing and acquisition","topic":"Genetic Syndromes and Imprinting","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Catalan; Narrative; Psychology; Linguistics; Philosophy","authors":[{"name":"Estela García-Alcaraz","is_ca":false},{"name":"Juana M. Liceras","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008256167356345505,"gpt":0.2360134154483125,"spread":0.227757248091967,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003177086,0.0004161462,0.0004097125,0.00007762059,0.0003436608,0.0002261083,0.0001390717,0.0003414723,0.000008082305],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005761107,0.0002905607,0.00008278706,0.00004336142,0.0006108938,0.00001048956,0.0001830176,0.0002328317,0.000001815565],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001443998,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002704478,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001566122,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002041858,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982393,0.00002390362,0.0004803551,0.0007239864,0.0002461752,0.000286218],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989635,0.00005985952,0.0003467457,0.0003091768,0.0002330531,0.00008769517],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004679996,0.0006111844,0.005578683,0.03166446,0.005761147,0.0002336182,0.08148364,0.0004724967,0.3472468,0.02893806,0.0009024973,0.4966394],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01041388,0.03356643,0.01935585,0.04880068,0.006015404,0.02879122,0.1178827,0.002633438,0.1686715,0.2512714,0.2958326,0.01676477],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9468552,0.04483047,0.00005219461,0.0001618805,0.0001705772,0.0004305956,0.00005694306,0.00003873621,0.007403402],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9596528,0.001827735,0.0004671386,0.00004295535,0.0003396488,0.00001270304,0.0001032857,0.0000915307,0.03746214],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4798746,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999546,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3097428185","doi":"10.1075/bpa.10.10pol","title":"Second first language acquisition following international adoption","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Bilingual processing and acquisition","topic":"Language Development and Disorders","field":"Psychology","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Quality (philosophy); Process (computing); Psychology; Language acquisition; On Language; Language barrier; Developmental psychology; Linguistics; Computer science; Mathematics education","authors":[{"name":"Karen Pollock","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01512303790609681,"gpt":0.2798410939554601,"spread":0.2647180560493633,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001878266,0.0003752277,0.0003172669,0.0002146385,0.0002526542,0.0002032825,0.000159581,0.0004274609,0.004893409],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002014655,0.000382421,0.0001512275,0.00005445904,0.00006642879,0.0002412542,0.00008078411,0.0003168202,0.0002847069],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007663283,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008319213,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008835303,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001970675,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983243,0.00001893551,0.0004045423,0.0006856737,0.0003268083,0.0002397178],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993196,0.00004316162,0.0002842656,0.0001627467,0.0000797348,0.0001105154],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001693764,0.0004562233,0.0009871923,0.002485027,0.001776667,0.003032036,0.1114577,0.00003025153,0.002841827,0.06089602,0.02378526,0.7905581],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.02767179,0.002340203,0.01210392,0.01471174,0.003354265,0.001268851,0.05827986,0.00312077,0.001535939,0.08143063,0.7783197,0.01586235],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.03804109,0.01133655,0.001005317,0.0008334483,0.002125199,0.0004492296,0.0001133358,0.0005028429,0.945593],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8172568,0.00007005053,0.0008392411,0.001774486,0.001711749,0.00002356682,0.002282035,0.0001226472,0.1759194],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7792157,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998628,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3097281721","doi":"10.1075/bpa.10.09li","title":"Speech perception in French immersion students in Western Canada","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Bilingual processing and acquisition","topic":"Phonetics and Phonology Research","field":"Psychology","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of Lethbridge","funders":"","keywords":"French immersion; Active listening; Perception; Voice-onset time; Psychology; AP French Language; Linguistics; Context (archaeology); Speech perception; History; Communication; Pedagogy; Language assessment","authors":[{"name":"Fangfang Li","is_ca":true},{"name":"Nicole Netelenbos","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02889898707480578,"gpt":0.33490864469347,"spread":0.3060096576186643,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002800615,0.000226821,0.0003116457,0.0002247764,0.00006873021,0.00005701197,0.0001699589,0.0003801532,0.0003977797],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00000912979,0.0002362759,0.00002578357,0.00007462342,0.00007251825,0.00004508929,0.00009873509,0.0006533494,0.00004707013],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001892575,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003536796,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.08134984,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.1453149,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984304,0.00005486275,0.0003491587,0.0005648062,0.0003316789,0.0002691016],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995657,0.00003890167,0.0001158864,0.0001390146,0.00005405227,0.00008642905],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001557847,0.0009039498,0.2151877,0.002169111,0.0002087974,0.005958068,0.05737049,0.00005947989,0.009530298,0.0005098176,0.005173953,0.7013705],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004425804,0.0007872024,0.9725866,0.002973848,0.00008020014,0.0002052949,0.002739772,0.0005140259,0.00009521635,0.007598777,0.006400653,0.001592605],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9721488,0.002378148,0.00001087602,0.000361477,0.0003073409,0.0002806502,0.00002983435,0.0000200854,0.02446278],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.971145,0.0001366258,0.0000319418,0.0003983902,0.0002136594,0.000007611331,0.0001366588,0.00003466527,0.02789546],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7573989,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9635052,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4405224441","doi":"10.1075/bpa.6.prologue","title":"Prologue","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Bilingual processing and acquisition","topic":"","field":"","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal; Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Prologue; Art; Literature","authors":[{"name":"Gonia Jarema","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03151503032045801,"gpt":0.2912533361239641,"spread":0.2597383058035062,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000442532,0.000471602,0.0004533311,0.0002201384,0.0007598728,0.0004470235,0.0002201566,0.000606121,0.0001493589],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007845629,0.0004406153,0.00009283114,0.00001102306,0.000446216,0.0003043747,0.0001176881,0.0004565582,0.0007556377],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007120876,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003339619,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000007025943,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001050144,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981954,0.00001567233,0.0003455738,0.0007653222,0.0003628985,0.0003152047],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984264,0.00002764783,0.000697867,0.0004484676,0.0002737436,0.0001258604],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006371713,0.0001379701,0.00007822341,0.002759907,0.0001859248,0.0004127766,0.001772305,0.00002549821,0.004294141,0.02906502,0.005034521,0.9555966],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002771853,0.0008283663,0.0003897054,0.01052231,0.001108927,0.0009040043,0.0001057016,0.002269886,0.001662892,0.3743692,0.6009508,0.004116364],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.003058389,0.01194213,0.0001092955,0.0001529033,0.0002706352,0.0005228313,0.0002005528,0.0006943956,0.9830489],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.2895996,0.0001788109,0.001071902,0.0002991336,0.002507811,0.00001878928,0.0007589782,0.000438461,0.7051265],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9514802,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998046,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4285725675","doi":"10.1075/bpa.14.01ben","title":"The legacy of Professor Michael H. Long and his influence in second language acquisition","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Bilingual processing and acquisition","topic":"EFL/ESL Teaching and Learning","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Wilfrid Laurier University","funders":"","keywords":"Field (mathematics); Work (physics); Key (lock); Cognitive science; Epistemology; Sociology; Computer science; Psychology; Philosophy; Engineering; Mathematics; Computer security; Mechanical engineering","authors":[{"name":"Alessandro Benati","is_ca":false},{"name":"John W. Schwieter","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01554910021617934,"gpt":0.2570269400635726,"spread":0.2414778398473932,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000713451,0.0002452891,0.0002909681,0.0001812875,0.0009396115,0.0003615905,0.0001157628,0.0001195518,0.0005318713],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004482179,0.0001986303,0.00004978213,0.00002125363,0.0003801851,0.0004318709,0.0001020014,0.0006381495,0.000002814374],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004714462,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000970013,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001272844,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000454226,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987014,0.00007807001,0.0004145066,0.0003580553,0.0002389246,0.0002090359],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991367,0.000171167,0.0003958182,0.0001527873,0.0001041333,0.00003934669],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004843628,0.0001609983,0.0006094883,0.004888297,0.0001354198,0.0001525896,0.4261425,0.00014792,0.001607973,0.2604363,0.0003269028,0.3049072],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.007192024,0.002798574,0.007361386,0.02150185,0.0008815994,0.0004532067,0.2079153,0.00354155,0.001163617,0.09026536,0.6507345,0.006191079],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8973492,0.02371366,0.000008058535,0.0002865966,0.0002058905,0.000318252,0.00004895705,0.00009042365,0.07797892],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.911078,0.0001667295,0.00002916747,0.0001821299,0.000360605,0.00001266547,0.00008374323,0.00004338472,0.08804359],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6504076,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8099909,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3097900487","doi":"10.1075/bpa.10.04enn","title":"Two solitudes?","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Bilingual processing and acquisition","topic":"Categorization, perception, and language","field":"Psychology","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Task (project management); Linguistics; Contrast (vision); Psychology; Test (biology); Computer science; Translation (biology); Artificial intelligence; Biology; Philosophy","authors":[{"name":"Robyn Enns","is_ca":true},{"name":"Nicole Lemire","is_ca":true},{"name":"Elena Nicoladis","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02696090218931273,"gpt":0.3179001389162577,"spread":0.290939236726945,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001450009,0.0003124637,0.0003115988,0.0001283215,0.0002364706,0.0001399616,0.00009762453,0.0003175387,0.002992658],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000130572,0.0003081844,0.00008559228,0.00004619604,0.0001343281,0.0001018638,0.00003697816,0.00028391,0.0003408035],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003899576,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001163163,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003436688,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001506309,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998597,0.00002364945,0.0003422178,0.0006256332,0.0002051017,0.0002063702],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993054,0.00002753632,0.0002204559,0.0001976022,0.0001267255,0.000122282],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004471792,0.0002004796,0.0001919131,0.001269692,0.0002549418,0.0003083156,0.03950752,0.00002208068,0.001918789,0.5429559,0.005929108,0.4069941],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01134715,0.002095238,0.005068082,0.004249863,0.002615244,0.001662849,0.01282397,0.001736716,0.0003661939,0.3585078,0.5907557,0.008771206],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.005230685,0.01049528,0.002376579,0.0002904361,0.0007046174,0.0003373138,0.00006911599,0.0004730354,0.9800229],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6391279,0.0001727657,0.0004239585,0.001545792,0.004095974,0.00001333271,0.001000162,0.0001459293,0.3534742],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6338972,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999937,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2486651381","doi":"10.1075/bpa.2.01int","title":"Cognitive and neurocognitive implications of language control and multilingualism","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Bilingual processing and acquisition","topic":"Neurobiology of Language and Bilingualism","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Wilfrid Laurier University","funders":"","keywords":"Multilingualism; Neurocognitive; Cognition; Cognitive science; Control (management); Section (typography); Psychology; Psycholinguistics; Cognitive psychology; Linguistics; Computer science; Neuroscience; Artificial intelligence; Pedagogy; Philosophy","authors":[{"name":"John W. Schwieter","is_ca":true},{"name":"Andrea Hadland","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02508891545697059,"gpt":0.3018787311834751,"spread":0.2767898157265045,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001967521,0.0003750916,0.0004746708,0.0002050895,0.0002668576,0.00006631228,0.00008881918,0.0003070059,0.0000254166],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004733143,0.0002989705,0.00005928106,0.00003868119,0.001013691,0.000151396,0.0001021088,0.0002808983,0.000004088379],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000009273135,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009389882,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00000479669,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000365696,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982335,0.0000779856,0.0004123441,0.000873806,0.000151782,0.0002505861],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982169,0.000886038,0.0004425909,0.0001442428,0.0001907286,0.000119555],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003718844,0.00007563543,0.00007642186,0.0006269457,0.00004104199,0.0003974709,0.006619608,1.857651e-7,0.5682352,0.004200051,0.00001124825,0.4193443],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.03673291,0.005944555,0.004155451,0.02491636,0.004727563,0.02032693,0.008751447,0.0009125042,0.6783339,0.2010036,0.004362897,0.009831884],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9512991,0.008863492,0.000296581,0.0005404849,0.0001267693,0.0009798688,0.001297056,0.0001921325,0.03640454],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9897971,0.0005801676,0.00006301675,0.001583962,0.0002574613,0.00001099293,0.00002684132,0.00005417209,0.007626349],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4095124,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999462,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4405224427","doi":"10.1075/bpa.6.intro","title":"The dynamic lexicon","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Bilingual processing and acquisition","topic":"Lexicography and Language Studies","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Brock University; University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Lexicon; Computer science; Linguistics; Natural language processing; Artificial intelligence; Philosophy","authors":[{"name":"Maya Libben","is_ca":true},{"name":"Mira Goral","is_ca":false},{"name":"Gary Libben","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02297534458470126,"gpt":0.2602711299200353,"spread":0.237295785335334,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts","scholarly_communication"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001892374,0.0002522759,0.0002029415,0.00006463443,0.003557965,0.001046412,0.0001508193,0.0001134198,0.0001639539],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002089631,0.000159956,0.0001046754,0.000002633853,0.001043896,0.0001572258,0.00006413823,0.0002438785,0.00002242985],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001565744,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007414862,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002085686,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005431394,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991373,0.000009151712,0.000203821,0.0002898877,0.0001698549,0.0001899639],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999254,0.0000562885,0.0002867238,0.0002253051,0.0001420227,0.00003563519],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005295614,0.00001462608,0.000001660995,0.0003266974,0.0001124295,0.00002560074,0.02477519,3.912957e-7,0.00000934049,0.4658003,0.0009501388,0.5079306],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002174932,0.0001025122,0.00001290428,0.0009607396,0.0001404879,0.00001234357,0.002110301,0.00008178432,0.000007330671,0.1476271,0.8482932,0.0004336868],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.0005638003,0.04749995,0.00001036466,0.0004852806,0.0005301419,0.00015155,0.00004608906,0.000123743,0.9505891],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.2247046,0.001478282,0.00002211559,0.0002269767,0.00168172,0.000007990177,0.00005825833,0.0000473152,0.7717727],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8473431,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999906,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}