{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":2,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":2,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12","author_layer_release":"2026-06-26"},"query_hash":"7df615400f87","filters":{"venue":"Bingöl Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi"}},"results":[{"id":"W3169547906","doi":"10.33399/biibfad.826216","title":"Relationships Between Defence Expenditures and Economic Growth in G7 Countries: Panel Bootstrap Causality Analysis","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Bingöl Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi","topic":"Defense, Military, and Policy Studies","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Causality (physics); Economics; Panel analysis; Panel data; Politics; Positive relationship; Development economics; Macroeconomics; Econometrics; Psychology; Political science","authors":[{"name":"Şeri̇f Canbay","is_ca":false},{"name":"Mustafa Kırca","is_ca":false},{"name":"Erkan Oflaz","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1009299299017178,"gpt":0.2599598967560947,"spread":0.1590299668543769,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002318242,0.000305746,0.0004779079,0.002284154,0.0004071594,0.0009146564,0.00036983,0.0004196183,0.00399298],"category_scores_gemma":[0.007095978,0.0001566667,0.0009964581,0.003234016,0.0003853565,0.0005986922,0.0008962794,0.001042323,0.0006066227],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004803602,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007228202,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01945853,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01022385,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987053,0.0006983654,0.00007359278,0.0001491209,0.0001449586,0.000228598],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9911986,0.005731299,0.001309645,0.0005270009,0.0009160423,0.0003172621],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002442034,0.0001136318,0.9669754,0.00004908502,0.0006093465,0.0005682801,0.0003143286,0.01014968,0.0001795483,0.002393639,0.002505309,0.01589752],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000031787,0.0002216396,0.9414576,0.00005311352,0.0004370247,0.0002130189,0.001716004,0.04869789,0.0005972959,0.002444528,0.004096511,0.00003359791],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9920956,0.0002734915,0.002197114,0.0002260579,0.00002271621,0.00002591014,0.002346128,0.00002952232,0.002783452],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9946036,0.0001823209,0.0006873115,0.00002559845,0.00001538058,0.00003163109,0.003887321,0.000005939713,0.0005609946],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01945853,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03869057,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4312933706","doi":"10.33399/biibfad.1073252","title":"Financial Efficiency Analysis the Malmquist TFP Method: An Application on Star Alliance Member Airlines","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Bingöl Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi","topic":"Aviation Industry Analysis and Trends","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Total factor productivity; Productivity; Technological change; Technical change; Malmquist index; Technical progress; Alliance; Economics; Business; Geography; Economic growth; Macroeconomics","authors":[{"name":"Veysi Asker","is_ca":false},{"name":"Temel Caner USTAÖMER","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03627137236355938,"gpt":0.2602407941674366,"spread":0.2239694218038772,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01286214,0.0006945292,0.001150438,0.007862916,0.0006565962,0.001652322,0.0008585455,0.001003175,0.003186119],"category_scores_gemma":[0.04084102,0.000211493,0.001988237,0.008239055,0.0007842986,0.001761793,0.001089399,0.001048755,0.0006140115],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002022197,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001962345,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01256736,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004308913,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9928136,0.003738515,0.0005505023,0.0007395627,0.001745147,0.00041271],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9714646,0.02210846,0.002402364,0.001219625,0.002590776,0.0002142414],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007213276,0.0002241067,0.342128,0.00070636,0.001068321,0.001620858,0.002244475,0.1708419,0.001876438,0.06687391,0.008831015,0.4028633],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00007505126,0.0005287537,0.2403247,0.0003067231,0.0002406576,0.00124821,0.003311036,0.6774746,0.003946962,0.04423875,0.02816075,0.0001438098],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3904001,0.002409183,0.5827941,0.0006092503,0.0001146699,0.0004909281,0.003769253,0.0004145632,0.01899795],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8780609,0.0007484676,0.1142537,0.0000624477,0.00009211199,0.0005849941,0.002230397,0.0001028704,0.003864011],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01286214,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.06802225,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}