{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":22,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":22,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12","author_layer_release":"2026-06-26"},"query_hash":"cdea6ba26ef6","filters":{"venue":"BioInvasions Records"}},"results":[{"id":"W2146148708","doi":"10.3391/bir.2014.3.4.03","title":"Invading Nova Scotia: first records of Didemnum vexillum Kott, 2002 and four more non-indigenous invertebrates in 2012 and 2013","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"BioInvasions Records","topic":"Marine Ecology and Invasive Species","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Nova scotia; Indigenous; Invertebrate; Biology; Geography; Zoology; Ecology; Archaeology","authors":[{"name":"Andrea Moore","is_ca":false},{"name":"Bénédikte Vercaemer","is_ca":false},{"name":"Claudio DiBacco","is_ca":false},{"name":"Dawn H. Sephton","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01551022713122626,"gpt":0.2138831853299522,"spread":0.1983729581987259,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005267175,0.0002575781,0.0003997819,0.0001845768,0.0002271275,0.00002749181,0.0002494405,0.0002183826,0.006686913],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003107594,0.0002321084,0.00005359693,0.0003741462,0.0006263837,0.0004367906,0.0005156211,0.0002469575,0.0004267664],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008368513,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002653804,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01343663,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.1736993,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983472,0.00008787272,0.0004355656,0.0004925005,0.0001710776,0.0004657884],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989929,0.0002754418,0.0001730717,0.0003515767,0.0000190331,0.0001879688],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001570256,0.00008074522,0.9549587,0.00004404242,0.00001344226,0.000006861694,0.000503283,0.00002201961,0.001043505,0.00003881072,0.03737668,0.005896236],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005589188,0.0003093831,0.9793919,0.00008512259,0.00001925267,0.00004266596,0.0002337861,0.001923811,0.0009691314,0.0004708846,0.01567009,0.000325024],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9847314,0.0001951997,0.00008158159,0.0009529702,0.0005935711,0.0003490502,0.00001370661,0.00002319737,0.01305927],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99147,0.001193874,0.002301054,0.0003557686,0.0000909678,0.00001729364,0.000008809011,0.00002679951,0.004535374],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1602626,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9942211,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2113918958","doi":"10.3391/bir.2013.2.2.01","title":"First record of vase tunicate, Ciona intestinalis (Linnaeus, 1767) in coastal Newfoundland waters","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"BioInvasions Records","topic":"Marine Ecology and Invasive Species","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Division of Ocean Sciences; Memorial University of Newfoundland","keywords":"Tunicate; Ciona intestinalis; Fishery; Biology; Aquatic animal; Ecology; Fish <Actinopterygii>; Gene","authors":[{"name":"Philip S. Sargent","is_ca":false},{"name":"Terri Wells","is_ca":false},{"name":"Kyle Matheson","is_ca":false},{"name":"Cynthia H. McKenzie","is_ca":false},{"name":"Don Deibel","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01710603705085518,"gpt":0.2149943615728651,"spread":0.1978883245220099,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00024154,0.0001983774,0.0002692473,0.0001300165,0.0001379762,0.00002161224,0.0004118075,0.0001255641,0.02252457],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003862169,0.000167129,0.00009324285,0.0004217784,0.0004767148,0.000324028,0.000546945,0.0002099046,0.001522913],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001377044,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003267893,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.03071447,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.1123692,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985005,0.00008620298,0.000473266,0.0003815604,0.0001805045,0.0003779558],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989717,0.0002612292,0.0001443747,0.0004441814,0.00002919563,0.0001493134],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002227482,0.0001941465,0.9617496,0.00001520065,0.000008903398,0.00001416719,0.0001152276,0.00004071627,0.001698061,0.0001143258,0.03083974,0.00518769],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004718714,0.0002596154,0.9479596,0.00005544447,0.00000942045,0.00002885121,0.0001542866,0.000452827,0.0004709821,0.001316604,0.04857016,0.0002503482],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9574193,0.00001398949,0.00009159836,0.002265065,0.0003746451,0.0003746383,0.00002001243,0.00003987181,0.03940091],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9854696,0.0002882722,0.006576281,0.0003136466,0.0000550804,0.00009275171,0.00004154865,0.00002099209,0.007141875],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.08165477,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9992545,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2507318629","doi":"10.3391/bir.2016.5.3.05","title":"Occurrence of the Chinese mystery snail, Cipangopaludina chinensis (Gray, 1834) (Mollusca: Viviparidae) in the Saint John River system, New Brunswick, with review of status in Atlantic Canada","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"BioInvasions Records","topic":"Aquatic Invertebrate Ecology and Behavior","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Nova Scotia Hospital","funders":"","keywords":"Gray (unit); Mollusca; Snail; Biology; SAINT; Fishery; Geography; Zoology; Ecology; History; Art history; Medicine","authors":[{"name":"Donald F. McAlpine","is_ca":false},{"name":"Dwayne Lepitzki","is_ca":false},{"name":"Frederick W Schueler","is_ca":false},{"name":"Fenning McAlpine","is_ca":false},{"name":"Andrew Hebda","is_ca":true},{"name":"Robert G. Forsyth","is_ca":false},{"name":"Annegret Nicolaï","is_ca":false},{"name":"John E. Maunder","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ron Noseworthy","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01118510901943652,"gpt":0.2152158372049362,"spread":0.2040307281854997,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006432371,0.0002166763,0.0004556997,0.00005413859,0.00008816602,0.000004471573,0.0005722766,0.00007595135,0.000956057],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002868314,0.00008952295,0.00008001782,0.0009616417,0.0003772011,0.00009907725,0.0001913478,0.0001690413,0.00005967507],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005137377,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009042732,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.7463602,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9512054,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9978343,0.0003942175,0.0006381883,0.0003072328,0.0004464909,0.0003795757],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985716,0.0003050642,0.0003571651,0.0006596702,0.00001934278,0.00008720513],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001956605,0.00008824231,0.9860261,0.0002630806,0.000008100433,0.00001867165,0.0002796621,0.000006799492,0.0002071377,0.00003460717,0.01032576,0.002722281],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004600134,0.00009755412,0.9947687,0.003020851,0.00004612945,0.00003194708,0.0001438119,0.00004771207,0.00008882007,0.0000113225,0.00112956,0.0001535635],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9969527,0.0005037981,0.00002868196,0.0008859796,0.0002717535,0.0006954323,0.00004724626,0.000006972242,0.0006074685],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986442,0.0006960858,0.0001258651,0.0003265116,0.00001450537,0.00002194969,0.000006110803,0.000007088238,0.0001576937],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2048453,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999572,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4313139063","doi":"10.3391/bir.2022.11.4.02","title":"First reports of invasive pheretimoid earthworms (Oligochaeta: Megascolecidae) of Asian origin in Atlantic Canada","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"BioInvasions Records","topic":"Invertebrate Taxonomy and Ecology","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Oligochaeta (plant); Invasive species; Lumbricus terrestris; Biology; Ecology; Introduced species; Zoology; Earthworm; Geography","authors":[{"name":"Donald F. McAlpine","is_ca":false},{"name":"John W. Reynolds","is_ca":false},{"name":"Lawrence R. Manzer","is_ca":false},{"name":"Kristin Elton","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01600939947981311,"gpt":0.1843460339400776,"spread":0.1683366344602645,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003192799,0.0001402824,0.0003581606,0.00004176687,0.000223458,0.000005555825,0.000255935,0.00007112832,0.0044854],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001219982,0.00006918993,0.00009557061,0.0007161135,0.00007538488,0.00005877454,0.0001923119,0.0001783683,0.000004040547],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001384848,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000349948,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.5913731,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9851618,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984403,0.0001177974,0.0005683128,0.0003072392,0.0002469242,0.0003194819],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992201,0.0001961573,0.0003107499,0.0001327842,0.00005430985,0.00008584098],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009601147,0.0003609946,0.9592445,0.00005575345,0.00004545717,0.0003538855,0.0002191747,0.0002650276,0.01901546,0.0003935228,0.01293022,0.007019943],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005367543,0.001447337,0.7938106,0.0001178494,0.00003587483,0.000260455,0.004549686,0.000241961,0.01400068,0.0006961926,0.1836584,0.0006441876],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9951283,0.00006979014,6.670667e-7,0.0009046655,0.0005148863,0.0002901499,0.00006392236,0.00001236137,0.003015287],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992434,0.00004691958,0.000101287,0.0001419439,0.00005499813,0.00006165259,0.00007389208,0.000001424901,0.000274438],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3937887,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9964246,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4386429903","doi":"10.3391/bir.2023.12.3.12","title":"Mollusc on the move; First record of the Newfoundland’s razor clam, Ensis terranovensis Vierna &amp; Martínez-Lage, 2012 (Mollusca; Pharidae) outside its native range","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"BioInvasions Records","topic":"Aquatic Invertebrate Ecology and Behavior","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Mollusca; Range (aeronautics); Fishery; Biology; Bivalvia; Zoology; Geography","authors":[{"name":"Karl Gunnarsson","is_ca":false},{"name":"Sæmundur Sveinsson","is_ca":false},{"name":"Davíð Gíslason","is_ca":false},{"name":"Hilmar J. Malmquist","is_ca":false},{"name":"Joana Micael","is_ca":false},{"name":"Sindri Gíslason","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04870570388862418,"gpt":0.2555554813147948,"spread":0.2068497774261706,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009082294,0.0003627588,0.000400769,0.0001171143,0.0009538305,0.00003295848,0.0008345006,0.00026503,0.02274923],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006010264,0.0002121789,0.000349623,0.001214382,0.0005331506,0.000229324,0.0005842688,0.0004366722,0.01120261],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003032215,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006799456,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002130271,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.04221879,"domain_scores_codex":[0.997362,0.0003826301,0.0005612848,0.0005688898,0.0005281285,0.0005970637],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9976679,0.000853396,0.0003371015,0.0009615411,0.00004140174,0.0001386225],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002203673,0.0005542643,0.3859522,0.00003072852,0.0001533708,0.00003316057,0.001861374,0.0001639868,0.008851171,0.000308052,0.5786726,0.02319862],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001056048,0.0002154233,0.8878329,0.0001379141,0.0001819497,0.00001888623,0.0003271436,0.001465102,0.003719167,0.0008333529,0.1036566,0.0005555521],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9732481,0.00003010721,0.00005706263,0.008712631,0.001980295,0.001010565,0.0001377374,0.0001004622,0.01472308],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9439969,0.0002230375,0.0003228865,0.001774111,0.0001511053,0.0001722701,0.00002275604,0.0000524898,0.05328447],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5018806,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9895673,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3009965977","doi":"10.3391/bir.2020.9.1.10","title":"First record of Dyspanopeus sayi (Smith, 1869) (Decapoda: Brachyura: Panopeidae) in a Sardinian coastal lagoon (western Mediterranean, Italy)","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"BioInvasions Records","topic":"Crustacean biology and ecology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research; Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada; Ministry of Agriculture of the People's Republic of China; Department for International Development","keywords":"Decapoda; Fishery; Mediterranean climate; Mediterranean sea; Geography; Ecology; Biology; Crustacean","authors":[{"name":"S. CABIDDU","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03820311250675894,"gpt":0.2434387597803331,"spread":0.2052356472735742,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003405699,0.000326317,0.0005913695,0.0001158615,0.0001743699,0.00001912572,0.0005585869,0.0003490739,0.005339549],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003793718,0.0002970294,0.0001603401,0.0007338899,0.0004768852,0.0002491314,0.0006302687,0.0003912807,0.001665895],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001241545,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006232547,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008758872,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02025955,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9975113,0.0001812346,0.0007254268,0.0007258455,0.0002473265,0.0006089198],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987066,0.000264593,0.0002416895,0.0004460755,0.00001691967,0.0003241589],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002912322,0.0002574484,0.9660302,0.00004725897,0.000034847,0.0001192737,0.001122961,0.0001707775,0.004778559,0.00001379585,0.01558794,0.01154571],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001645274,0.001248517,0.8305424,0.0000752437,0.00004394197,0.00005363816,0.0006845528,0.001147527,0.001674943,0.00008795895,0.1622032,0.0005928359],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9857548,0.00007793777,0.0001310518,0.004388764,0.0006867168,0.0004404627,0.0001184147,0.00008060648,0.008321185],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9965374,0.0002393485,0.00113446,0.0008386776,0.0001520075,0.00003146969,0.00004495827,0.00003547446,0.0009861474],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1466152,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999482,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4411507220","doi":"10.3391/bir.2025.14.2.01","title":"Detection and delimitation of emerald ash borer on Canada’s west coast","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"BioInvasions Records","topic":"Plant Pathogens and Fungal Diseases","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Resources Canada; Canadian Food Inspection Agency","keywords":"Emerald ash borer; Emerald; Fishery; West coast; Geography; Invasive species; Introduced species; Archaeology; Forestry; Ecology; Biology; Oceanography; Fraxinus; Geology","authors":[{"name":"Chris J.K. MacQuarrie","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jason Crandall","is_ca":false},{"name":"Adela Danci","is_ca":false},{"name":"Meghan Gray","is_ca":false},{"name":"Esme P. John","is_ca":false},{"name":"Vince Waring","is_ca":false},{"name":"Troy Kimoto","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.009811247995511849,"gpt":0.2212706681408342,"spread":0.2114594201453223,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000426402,0.00007622947,0.00007530612,0.00004627142,0.00006920846,0.000006026089,0.00004471858,0.00006133648,0.000008629698],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001114005,0.00006976036,0.00003086816,0.00007295462,0.00002265153,0.00000162307,0.0000312506,0.0000322742,8.695571e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001246565,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002200118,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02630915,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.4390444,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999538,0.00002615846,0.0001200013,0.0001629736,0.00006390436,0.00008894019],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997044,0.00001766834,0.00003842803,0.0001357728,0.00005814826,0.00004559725],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001073053,0.00004650219,0.01006076,0.00002598972,0.0000301777,0.000001955995,0.000004219567,0.00001295357,0.9452059,0.00006863972,0.01943076,0.02500481],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005486073,0.0004441628,0.6300893,0.00009413665,0.00006378464,0.000007782016,0.000122468,0.0002044601,0.2450894,0.00004405419,0.1230596,0.0002322321],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9966074,0.0004100948,0.0004036143,0.0002320654,0.000315317,0.00009900514,0.0004368775,0.000005698013,0.00148999],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9981732,0.0003689707,0.0001605772,0.0004504766,0.00003771138,0.000008589749,0.0001473195,0.000005042474,0.0006480674],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7001165,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9801747,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2903941645","doi":"10.3391/bir.2019.8.1.06","title":"Morphological identification of two invading ascidians: new records of Ascidiella aspersa (Müller, 1776) from Nova Scotia and Diplosoma listerianum (Milne-Edwards, 1841) from New Brunswick and Quebec","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"BioInvasions Records","topic":"Marine Ecology and Invasive Species","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Nova scotia; Identification (biology); Biology; Zoology; Geography; Ecology; Archaeology","authors":[],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02158087044687127,"gpt":0.2398726867393733,"spread":0.218291816292502,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003219454,0.0003130233,0.0005864346,0.0001215834,0.0001078757,0.00005991462,0.0004253138,0.0002866697,0.01493568],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004023829,0.0002849335,0.0001223858,0.000335874,0.0005543437,0.0004313772,0.0006252627,0.0002418923,0.0004448007],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001125906,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002221818,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.402807,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.3030389,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9975537,0.0001722729,0.0007914594,0.0008282893,0.0003097496,0.0003445165],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981062,0.000440988,0.0004592566,0.0006578325,0.00003083601,0.0003048728],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009454405,0.0001053664,0.800971,0.00001843595,0.0000541795,0.000007753992,0.0004631123,0.000006161375,0.1695952,0.0002288018,0.01643213,0.01202328],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00128653,0.0002760754,0.9557444,0.0001160821,0.00008445678,0.00001325699,0.0003855892,0.0002306964,0.03330543,0.003005024,0.005162359,0.0003900869],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.991001,0.0005239665,0.0005170549,0.0006696271,0.001104581,0.0004314815,0.00008296434,0.00004556887,0.00562382],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.976588,0.0005513769,0.01028248,0.0002269237,0.0002344262,0.000002864865,0.0001276426,0.00002971224,0.01195662],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1547734,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999603,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4392633482","doi":"10.3391/bir.2024.13.1.01","title":"First record of the invasive Asian earthworm Amynthas tokioensis (Beddard, 1892) in the province of Québec, Canada","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"BioInvasions Records","topic":"Invertebrate Taxonomy and Ecology","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Ministère des Forêts, de la Faune et des Parcs","funders":"Ministère des Ressources Naturelles et de la Faune","keywords":"Earthworm; Invasive species; Introduced species; Biology; Geography; Ecology; Zoology","authors":[{"name":"Jean‐David Moore","is_ca":true},{"name":"John W. Reynolds","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01616205239562192,"gpt":0.1857919378572042,"spread":0.1696298854615823,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002848272,0.0001385005,0.0002201047,0.00002214414,0.0001989595,0.00002967742,0.0005330578,0.000100825,0.0005617382],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002228997,0.00004255301,0.000135266,0.000646584,0.0001631945,0.00009815859,0.0001122985,0.0002055299,0.00001332456],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001055174,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008067104,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.7591931,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9994414,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987766,0.0001549992,0.0003650693,0.0002487928,0.000193054,0.0002615339],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989392,0.0006917045,0.0001121515,0.0001613782,0.0000516178,0.00004396683],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001545373,0.0005127391,0.2928026,0.0003965267,0.0001674317,0.0001887349,0.001416717,0.00004806227,0.01285583,0.003268718,0.3608203,0.3273678],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001285702,0.0004065435,0.2320757,0.0003253642,0.0000375491,0.00003209546,0.00294346,0.0001704781,0.0073459,0.0003073732,0.7559509,0.0002760458],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9718519,0.0002671727,0.000001131405,0.02161417,0.0007500681,0.0004156857,0.0001157439,0.00001594429,0.004968173],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982449,0.0001235219,0.00005222297,0.0005405451,0.0001107365,0.00003215624,0.000008615796,0.000001351997,0.0008859396],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3951306,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6150639,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4402333701","doi":"10.3391/bir.2024.13.3.19","title":"First record of the non-indigenous crayfish, Procambarus clarkii (Girard, 1852), in Nova Scotia, Canada","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"BioInvasions Records","topic":"Crustacean biology and ecology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Fisheries and Oceans Canada","keywords":"Crayfish; Procambarus clarkii; Nova scotia; Indigenous; Fishery; Aquatic animal; Geography; Biology; Zoology; Ecology; Fish <Actinopterygii>; Archaeology","authors":[{"name":"Conrad James Pratt","is_ca":false},{"name":"Luke A. Poirier","is_ca":false},{"name":"M. J. Bond","is_ca":false},{"name":"Linda M. Campbell","is_ca":false},{"name":"Sarah Kingsbury","is_ca":false},{"name":"C.I. Burbidge","is_ca":false},{"name":"Craig Hominick","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01157142879597643,"gpt":0.2111425278198883,"spread":0.1995710990239119,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002968191,0.0001819895,0.0002323985,0.00007069019,0.0001851451,0.00001566892,0.000486449,0.0002024532,0.003341469],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001131659,0.0001314082,0.00009674749,0.000738082,0.0002838479,0.00008442051,0.0003180891,0.0003515499,0.0004455356],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005591676,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004908122,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.6570689,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9956424,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984549,0.00007287563,0.0003856628,0.0004374876,0.0001873181,0.0004618156],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992125,0.000164197,0.0000755411,0.0004508609,0.000008648437,0.00008823298],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002723374,0.000094633,0.9000082,0.00005117045,0.00002236876,0.00006158306,0.0004417367,0.0001739362,0.001411826,0.00001667657,0.09004556,0.007645075],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002476066,0.0001687785,0.8434083,0.0001316546,0.00002338671,0.00005638898,0.0002502044,0.0006203774,0.001810926,0.0001808772,0.1528019,0.0002995346],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9874597,0.0001530412,0.00002808969,0.001400515,0.002403452,0.0004661737,0.00004936144,0.0000273191,0.008012413],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9960105,0.00007237004,0.0003594877,0.0003498256,0.00006676175,0.00001649248,0.000007610009,0.00001908971,0.003097867],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3385735,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9975696,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4386429973","doi":"10.3391/bir.2023.12.3.20","title":"The western tubenose goby (Proterorhinus semilunaris Heckel, 1837) is expanding its range into the St. Lawrence River: first record in Quebec","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"BioInvasions Records","topic":"Fish Ecology and Management Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Chicoutimi; Ministère des Forêts, de la Faune et des Parcs","funders":"","keywords":"Goby; Range (aeronautics); Fishery; Geography; Aquatic animal; Introduced species; Ecology; Biology; Fish <Actinopterygii>; Engineering","authors":[{"name":"Jesica Goldsmit","is_ca":true},{"name":"Yves Paradis","is_ca":true},{"name":"Nathalie Vachon","is_ca":true},{"name":"Virginie Boivin","is_ca":true},{"name":"Olivier Morissette","is_ca":true},{"name":"Annick Drouin","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02234704173795149,"gpt":0.2500190897586322,"spread":0.2276720480206807,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008509351,0.0002493773,0.0002217074,0.00008926049,0.001727546,0.00009049332,0.0008272546,0.0001228361,0.0006455341],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002485433,0.0001581042,0.00009294372,0.0009135224,0.0004953151,0.000322971,0.001408653,0.0002973391,0.002464305],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002868229,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000181239,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02907411,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.707337,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9980398,0.0001608504,0.0003651132,0.0005381211,0.0003088513,0.0005872344],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986664,0.0005326723,0.0001206196,0.0005913208,0.00001205258,0.00007692914],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002970694,0.00004644222,0.5928552,0.00001582731,0.00002978075,0.00003010314,0.005516424,0.00001846562,0.00002885863,0.00002970139,0.3822143,0.01918518],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003137091,0.00008003489,0.5919443,0.00005480711,0.00002065482,0.000001742116,0.001292628,0.0003853318,0.00005928655,0.000336198,0.4052861,0.0002251535],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.96195,0.0001850686,0.00004706547,0.02989562,0.00113831,0.001036503,0.00002603493,0.0001912214,0.005530189],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8991138,0.009476771,0.0003411626,0.003266775,0.0001652219,0.0009356665,0.00002133929,0.00005394224,0.08662535],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6782629,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995721,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4386411796","doi":"10.3391/bir.2023.12.3.10","title":"First record of the Asian Antithamnion sparsum Tokida, 1932 (Ceramiales, Rhodophyta) in Nova Scotia, Canada","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"BioInvasions Records","topic":"Marine and coastal plant biology","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Bedford Institute of Oceanography; Fisheries and Oceans Canada","funders":"Fisheries and Oceans Canada","keywords":"Nova scotia; Ceramiales; Geography; Biology; Ecology; Archaeology; Algae","authors":[{"name":"Cody Brooks","is_ca":true},{"name":"Kira A. Krumhansl","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02716792644388004,"gpt":0.2046876566806992,"spread":0.1775197302368192,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002431235,0.0001500487,0.0002366872,0.0001469147,0.0001207826,0.00001631764,0.0003866013,0.0001022238,0.001722797],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000126781,0.0001046905,0.00007231991,0.001061334,0.00008038263,0.00006718754,0.00007747379,0.0001853019,0.0001791437],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001505617,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004508381,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9809153,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9996359,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986809,0.0001000721,0.0003393528,0.0002811451,0.0002241207,0.0003744233],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999244,0.0001844811,0.0001130261,0.000341492,0.0000265417,0.00009050446],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003042066,0.00001108462,0.8895885,0.00002633261,0.000007973437,0.00002834415,0.00001767402,0.0001295578,0.00004105882,0.00002189415,0.02750842,0.08258872],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001690547,0.0000792974,0.8978065,0.00006773907,0.000005044124,0.000015555,0.0001114832,0.0009373387,0.0001114355,0.0001163196,0.1004363,0.0001438709],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9453962,0.00006785587,0.000004736559,0.002097755,0.003072532,0.0002409559,0.0005887717,0.00003437049,0.04849685],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9948282,0.0001640333,0.0001714954,0.0001805743,0.0001391064,8.17311e-7,0.0002233542,0.000005162738,0.004287256],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.08244485,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9991897,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4402333679","doi":"10.3391/bir.2024.13.3.12","title":"Multiple perspectives on the emergence of the invasive colonial tunicate Didemnum vexillum Kott, 2002 in the western Bay of Fundy, Atlantic Canada","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"BioInvasions Records","topic":"Marine Ecology and Invasive Species","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Fisheries and Oceans Canada","keywords":"Tunicate; Fishery; Bay; Aquatic animal; Invasive species; Biology; Introduced species; Geography; Ecology; Fish <Actinopterygii>; Archaeology","authors":[{"name":"Laura Teed","is_ca":false},{"name":"Claire Goodwin","is_ca":false},{"name":"Peter Lawton","is_ca":false},{"name":"Anaïs Lacoursière‐Roussel","is_ca":false},{"name":"Kristin M. Dinning","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01990314001958197,"gpt":0.2218449803272487,"spread":0.2019418403076668,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004654953,0.0001619617,0.0001867883,0.00004114952,0.0002283364,0.00001576657,0.0009486694,0.00006974375,0.004370603],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008357833,0.00007897842,0.0001154273,0.0006111946,0.0007321205,0.00007684658,0.0004100192,0.000314531,0.00009332404],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000152619,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002612005,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.2241246,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9319602,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983972,0.0003394677,0.000333401,0.0003147989,0.0003492318,0.0002659187],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9977872,0.001423692,0.0001215639,0.0006104516,0.00001966095,0.00003747273],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003227558,0.0001423975,0.8899287,0.0000277927,0.00003907051,0.00001762101,0.003652269,0.0001260752,0.002085785,0.001833028,0.101865,0.0002499775],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001364025,0.0001522726,0.9578993,0.00009983236,0.00002462609,0.00001180278,0.004522334,0.0003348068,0.001771176,0.0001943522,0.03470908,0.0001440066],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9762262,0.0001961856,0.000004604366,0.01018649,0.0006745596,0.0004690657,0.00005290259,0.00000973238,0.01218032],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9964737,0.0004702065,0.00002501149,0.0003998301,0.00005118304,0.00004740404,0.000002405692,0.00001029332,0.002519915],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7078356,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9965395,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4323647772","doi":"10.3391/bir.2023.12.1.12","title":"First record of the invasive slug Arion vulgaris Moquin-Tandon, 1885 (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora, Arionidae) in Quebec (Canada)","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"BioInvasions Records","topic":"Mollusks and Parasites Studies","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Montréal; Université de Montréal","funders":"Fonds de recherche du Québec – Nature et technologies; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Hydro-Québec","keywords":"Slug; Gastropoda; Pulmonata; Invasive species; Biology; Introduced species; Geography; Zoology; Ecology","authors":[{"name":"Érik L’Heureux","is_ca":true},{"name":"Joëlle Lafond","is_ca":true},{"name":"Bernard Angers","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01816136150249343,"gpt":0.2018799708552974,"spread":0.1837186093528039,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002567313,0.0002343693,0.0003654937,0.0000432661,0.0005154909,0.00004215235,0.000489958,0.0001282318,0.0004522526],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003228725,0.00008903195,0.0001724209,0.001506772,0.000130501,0.00007995561,0.0003292226,0.0002185309,0.00004494104],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001548096,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001829081,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9171712,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.999276,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981036,0.0001368029,0.0005012609,0.0003901207,0.000415295,0.0004529384],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987333,0.0006374896,0.000221216,0.0002023476,0.0001012335,0.0001043555],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005192906,0.00007746588,0.9269224,0.0000273964,0.00002789758,0.00001881071,0.0001665136,0.00004541694,0.00954676,0.0001821749,0.04139595,0.02153729],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001860641,0.0001028452,0.9380021,0.000152266,0.00001242329,0.000002991386,0.0005191238,0.00008031062,0.0008142075,0.0002065727,0.05972036,0.0002007022],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9917561,0.0001458255,0.000001956045,0.005150493,0.0006598712,0.0003849874,0.0001184012,0.00004788341,0.001734444],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9933863,0.0007269561,0.00007542277,0.0001792186,0.0001478793,0.00005037095,0.00004833466,0.000003104417,0.005382421],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.08210478,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4951848,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3081407343","doi":"10.3391/bir.2020.9.3.09","title":"Poleward range expansion of invasive bopyrid isopod, Orthione griffenis Markham, 2004, confirmed by establishment in Central British Columbia, Canada","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"BioInvasions Records","topic":"Lepidoptera: Biology and Taxonomy","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Hakai Institute","keywords":"Invasive species; Range (aeronautics); Geography; Introduced species; Isopoda; Ecology; Biology; Engineering; Crustacean","authors":[{"name":"Matthew A. Whalen","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ben Millard‐Martin","is_ca":false},{"name":"Kieran Cox","is_ca":false},{"name":"Matthew A. Lemay","is_ca":false},{"name":"Gustav Paulay","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01012554238233749,"gpt":0.191956687562799,"spread":0.1818311451804615,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001293374,0.0001988935,0.0003779218,0.00002874505,0.0001032201,0.00004033948,0.000290569,0.0002930596,0.0003607938],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003483381,0.0002682449,0.0001184441,0.0002100584,0.0001427752,0.00001134069,0.0001586495,0.000202234,0.000004463422],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007790722,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00121395,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.6474888,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9374336,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998086,0.0001659314,0.0005094017,0.0005685958,0.0001788589,0.0004912364],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990548,0.00004834602,0.0001797303,0.0003102573,0.0001024983,0.0003043913],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002745819,0.0002072551,0.530643,0.0001245627,0.0001418604,0.0001239619,0.000103972,0.000007814682,0.04289508,0.000001806582,0.3935454,0.03193071],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.006056257,0.001771924,0.1067407,0.0003545444,0.00009479469,0.00009648525,0.001162695,0.00005016117,0.08794739,0.00002019509,0.7942739,0.001430948],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9919262,0.002292628,0.0001638169,0.001435049,0.0005395007,0.0005651653,0.001045541,0.00001609817,0.002016037],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9947427,0.001206275,0.0005129193,0.001869625,0.0001846313,0.00005813254,0.0009616563,0.00002289947,0.0004411811],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4239024,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999977,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4375834035","doi":"10.3391/bir.2023.12.2.22","title":"Range expansion within the northern USA by the accidentally introduced Carabus granulatus Linnaeus, 1758 (Coleoptera: Carabidae)","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"BioInvasions Records","topic":"Forest Insect Ecology and Management","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Resources Canada; U.S. Forest Service; College of Engineering, Michigan State University; National Metal and Materials Technology Center; Université de Montréal; University of Alberta; New Mexico State University; National Museum of Natural History; McGill University; Smithsonian Institution; Michigan State University; University of Connecticut; Ohio State University","keywords":"Range (aeronautics); Ecology; Biology; Introduced species; Zoology; Geography; Engineering","authors":[{"name":"James K. Liebherr","is_ca":false},{"name":"Andrew M. Liebhold","is_ca":false},{"name":"Brandon Woo","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ann E. Hajek","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01416769284706897,"gpt":0.2247406287957164,"spread":0.2105729359486475,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008105086,0.0002508741,0.0001900037,0.00006173982,0.0009481027,0.00006797645,0.0008216358,0.0001356039,0.001012155],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001362031,0.0001441438,0.0001383842,0.000889277,0.00036018,0.0001559099,0.0006105125,0.0003268666,0.005036508],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001825548,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003147492,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006062482,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.09567996,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9980145,0.0002227245,0.0003487613,0.0005104641,0.0004209107,0.0004827041],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986869,0.0001794537,0.000137963,0.0008756421,0.00001583323,0.000104236],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001159784,0.000191435,0.7186004,0.00001292847,0.00008799863,0.00005650902,0.002493451,0.001939496,0.01004555,0.0001768219,0.2424294,0.02385006],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005973633,0.000190565,0.9634696,0.00001690317,0.00006282242,0.00002572268,0.0007237425,0.001081994,0.001036179,0.0004779113,0.03197775,0.0003394406],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9900767,0.00009157875,0.0000479479,0.002999699,0.00169502,0.0008094927,0.00002178282,0.0001484797,0.004109265],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9904984,0.0001906748,0.0000785083,0.001072408,0.0001456826,0.0002147652,0.00005321281,0.0000282273,0.007718117],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2448692,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999011,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4416048405","doi":"10.3391/bir.2025.14.4.05","title":"Asclepias curassavica L. (Apocynaceae) a naturalized neophyte threatening the Hyrcanian biodiversity hotspot in North Iran","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"BioInvasions Records","topic":"Mediterranean and Iberian flora and fauna","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Università degli Studi di Sassari; University of Tehran; Royal Botanical Gardens, Kew; Farhangian University; Alberta Environment and Parks","keywords":"Biodiversity hotspot; Biodiversity; Habitat; Flora (microbiology); Introduced species; Alien; Ecoregion; Population","authors":[{"name":"Mina Khorasani","is_ca":false},{"name":"Hamid Gholizadeh","is_ca":false},{"name":"Giuseppe Brundu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Alireza Naqinezhad","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03225889419487624,"gpt":0.2251621237255807,"spread":0.1929032295307045,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002398253,0.000205758,0.0002591931,0.00005327995,0.0005249848,0.00009647627,0.0004956627,0.0001130001,0.0005201786],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009715209,0.00007101947,0.0001767421,0.001304877,0.0001215905,0.0001313945,0.0001422323,0.0002938136,0.0001114844],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004730508,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002479284,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001400564,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01646399,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986143,0.0001557305,0.0002750479,0.0003791364,0.0001879071,0.0003878606],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993939,0.0002178772,0.00007540263,0.0001483195,0.00004943836,0.000115032],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003372477,0.0002351343,0.5106482,0.00002668365,0.00006506959,0.00007017244,0.0007331471,0.000002722046,0.01241398,0.0003066747,0.03860398,0.436557],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000415336,0.00009030569,0.8816092,0.00005569463,0.00001984624,0.000004563454,0.0006288306,0.00008435387,0.0001625377,0.0001375338,0.1165909,0.0002009092],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9880148,0.000538242,0.000002056745,0.005956157,0.0009462222,0.0003195344,0.00007692316,0.00007851514,0.004067603],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9966363,0.000411029,0.0000829375,0.001469783,0.0001711573,0.00001559889,0.00009482891,7.42756e-7,0.001117581],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4363561,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9187292,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4323647595","doi":"10.3391/bir.2023.12.1.11","title":"The first record of Chaoborus punctipennis (Say, 1823), an invasive phantom midge (Diptera, Chaoboridae), in Japan","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"BioInvasions Records","topic":"Diptera species taxonomy and behavior","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science; Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology","keywords":"Midge; Biology; Invasive species; Ecology; Larva","authors":[{"name":"Jukka Salmela","is_ca":false},{"name":"Keita Kuroda","is_ca":false},{"name":"Kota Ishimaru","is_ca":false},{"name":"Kozo Watanabe","is_ca":false},{"name":"Levente‐Péter Kolcsár","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0412368333817002,"gpt":0.2424703602598476,"spread":0.2012335268781474,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005392745,0.0002972065,0.0003752869,0.00009019986,0.0006208475,0.0001312406,0.000828982,0.0001894232,0.0007066185],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001739429,0.0001142979,0.0002111217,0.001629843,0.0002093994,0.0003095842,0.000255992,0.0002364276,0.0003000689],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007030451,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004786208,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002811151,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.1026109,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9977303,0.0001182753,0.0006110383,0.0005483219,0.0003350655,0.0006570186],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985062,0.0006762968,0.0002219335,0.0002955539,0.0001091648,0.000190831],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001059682,0.0003474974,0.2232156,0.0000146196,0.00001882228,0.00002496977,0.0002310124,0.000001463059,0.01902309,0.0002759892,0.008247556,0.7484935],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000233529,0.0006162995,0.5321436,0.00007759191,0.00001502193,0.000005963906,0.001431306,0.00003503226,0.002905651,0.00007533228,0.4621812,0.0002795052],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9925396,0.0001179342,6.97884e-7,0.002920438,0.001059832,0.0005374695,0.0001393431,0.0001488942,0.002535738],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9952051,0.001440715,0.000108501,0.0002296101,0.0004468159,0.0001921305,0.0001581042,0.000004585948,0.002214455],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7482139,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9137641,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4402333674","doi":"10.3391/bir.2024.13.3.13","title":"First records of the non-native bamboo worm Clymenella torquata (Leidy, 1855) (Maldanidae, Annelida) at the German North Sea coast","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"BioInvasions Records","topic":"Marine and coastal plant biology","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung; Australian Government","keywords":"German; Bamboo; Biology; Fishery; Geography; Ecology; Zoology; Archaeology","authors":[{"name":"Ulrike Schückel","is_ca":false},{"name":"Detlef Henning","is_ca":false},{"name":"Pedro Martínez Arbizu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Alexandra Möller","is_ca":false},{"name":"Petra Nehmer","is_ca":false},{"name":"Katja Uhlenkott","is_ca":false},{"name":"Sabine Schückel","is_ca":false},{"name":"Achim Wehrmann","is_ca":false},{"name":"Sandra Jaklin","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01950194058536983,"gpt":0.2225885437407588,"spread":0.203086603155389,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003927747,0.0002934068,0.0003006779,0.0001107927,0.000603765,0.00008618871,0.0007612688,0.0001451224,0.005615609],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007821035,0.0001543858,0.0002349682,0.0007848294,0.0003342399,0.0001464868,0.0003037143,0.0003466271,0.0006782508],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001969297,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002048303,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02196987,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.513678,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998071,0.0001614387,0.0004418881,0.00049964,0.0003559423,0.000470124],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982799,0.0007046654,0.0001436726,0.000653662,0.00006917532,0.0001488843],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000122202,0.00004260192,0.7471443,0.0000988375,0.0001144747,0.00005119322,0.0005808388,0.0001619203,0.00005200597,0.00006938471,0.1164233,0.135139],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002191443,0.0003870721,0.5511614,0.0001633203,0.00007367088,0.0001377155,0.0003282405,0.01238975,0.0004990596,0.0002717155,0.4339768,0.0003921572],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9335228,0.0007346223,0.0000347586,0.001705642,0.002809787,0.000449107,0.001734166,0.00006906474,0.05894009],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9617085,0.0008949341,0.00009161345,0.0003621197,0.0004122314,0.000009434842,0.000489422,0.000012728,0.03601896],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4917082,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9952934,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4392633509","doi":"10.3391/bir.2024.13.1.14","title":"First records of non-indigenous cyclopoid copepod Thermocyclops crassus (Fischer, 1853) in Eastern Canada","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"BioInvasions Records","topic":"Aquatic Ecosystems and Phytoplankton Dynamics","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Chicoutimi; Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières; Saint Mary's University","funders":"","keywords":"Copepod; Biology; Indigenous; Zoology; Ecology; Crustacean","authors":[{"name":"Linda Campbell","is_ca":true},{"name":"Kaylee MacLeod","is_ca":true},{"name":"Vincent Fugère","is_ca":true},{"name":"Gilbert Cabana","is_ca":true},{"name":"Lynne Witty","is_ca":false},{"name":"Olivier Morissette","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.009241422560936267,"gpt":0.2165144112139298,"spread":0.2072729886529935,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003676254,0.0002706915,0.0003697347,0.0000954909,0.0001382229,0.00004156709,0.0004186368,0.0001506725,0.001757196],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004994074,0.0002353591,0.0001006474,0.0006507825,0.00008462261,0.0001301628,0.000184587,0.0002635011,0.0003275693],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006582319,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004329913,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.7293889,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9726609,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979178,0.00007117493,0.0006271807,0.00048715,0.0004281201,0.0004685626],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989504,0.0002126831,0.000129598,0.0005201052,0.00001186095,0.0001753767],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000437573,0.0002352941,0.9232041,0.000390811,0.00008006757,0.0003946181,0.001893492,0.001654304,0.001234533,0.00006600157,0.02170049,0.04910257],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001044915,0.0004585166,0.4844777,0.001622002,0.00008085937,0.0001803365,0.001259036,0.126828,0.0008516973,0.0004166265,0.3813035,0.001476737],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9734699,0.0003819895,0.0003630121,0.0002171,0.001670429,0.0004693584,0.0001576631,0.00004473965,0.02322585],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.993389,0.0002270476,0.001296558,0.00006563511,0.00009867342,0.00004582983,0.00002919054,0.00004598883,0.004802083],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4387264,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9991553,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4416048411","doi":"10.3391/bir.2025.14.4.01","title":"Caragana arborescens, an emerging invasive shrub in Canada’s southern boreal forests","year":2025,"lang":"","type":"article","venue":"BioInvasions Records","topic":"Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Alberta Environment and Parks","keywords":"Shrub; Introduced species; Invasive species; Taiga; Vegetation (pathology); Boreal; Woody plant","authors":[{"name":"Martin Hinojosa","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jacob Mamchur","is_ca":false},{"name":"James F. Cahill","is_ca":false},{"name":"Viktoria Wagner","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01382337758721646,"gpt":0.2465167356018145,"spread":0.232693358014598,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003698084,0.0004824557,0.0005451361,0.0003145893,0.0007506637,0.0000537998,0.0006459655,0.000266112,0.001389664],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003211547,0.0004962471,0.0001165717,0.001036068,0.0004085112,0.0002956248,0.0005299536,0.0005487929,0.0002479987],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002537754,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.003070262,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9593971,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9998326,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9965331,0.0002786693,0.0008742188,0.0009612853,0.0003704027,0.0009823001],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984175,0.0003353354,0.0002352032,0.0006714233,0.00005467861,0.0002858661],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003206844,0.0001729781,0.9717821,0.00005095409,0.00007781742,0.00008573283,0.001349486,0.00159619,0.00008969505,0.0005679248,0.004105638,0.02008936],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006252432,0.0000956806,0.968133,0.0002023515,0.00006142147,0.000004328754,0.008610606,0.01968805,0.0001106961,0.00127878,0.0007058068,0.0004840571],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9791742,0.0007326214,0.0001151454,0.002796886,0.001656682,0.0007551297,0.0002246029,0.00003309735,0.01451162],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9941364,0.0009929447,0.0005360205,0.0008749312,0.00005740388,0.00008996641,0.00005077217,0.00003027953,0.003231316],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.04043546,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997489,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4414393561","doi":"10.3391/bir.2025.14.3.17","title":"Sea slug invasions: the non-native Archidoris pseudoargus (Nudibranchia: Dorididae) moves south and the native Doriopsilla pharpa (Nudibranchia: Dendrodorididae) moves north on the U.S. Atlantic coast","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"BioInvasions Records","topic":"Marine Biology and Ecology Research","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Connecticut Sea Grant, University of Connecticut; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; University of Connecticut","keywords":"Harbour; Introduced species; Aquatic animal; West coast; Invasive species","authors":[{"name":"Rebha Raviraj","is_ca":false},{"name":"Callie Scheetz","is_ca":false},{"name":"James T. Carlton","is_ca":false},{"name":"Sarah C. Crosby","is_ca":false},{"name":"Katerine Cuzco","is_ca":false},{"name":"Mary M. Donato","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ian Morrison","is_ca":false},{"name":"Marisa Olavarria","is_ca":false},{"name":"Domenic Romanello","is_ca":false},{"name":"Haylie Schwarzenbach","is_ca":false},{"name":"Nicole C. Spiller","is_ca":false},{"name":"Justin Susarchick","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01917753991784806,"gpt":0.2273552683365835,"spread":0.2081777284187354,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001918483,0.0005520643,0.0006423655,0.000303099,0.003288052,0.0002139176,0.001328493,0.0002602914,0.0009214814],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001702085,0.0002463558,0.0002783498,0.00129998,0.002411761,0.0001982125,0.0003782042,0.001422607,0.000294682],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002527824,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005010947,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005580464,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.05073946,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9956112,0.001455024,0.0006097626,0.0008821121,0.0004909246,0.000950965],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9904191,0.008018581,0.0002655385,0.0009258954,0.0001576277,0.0002132958],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008999038,0.00006554091,0.9750316,0.0000360164,0.0003867742,0.00002266514,0.00155419,0.00011677,0.000008207982,0.002783056,0.01140083,0.007694436],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001700005,0.0003050259,0.98191,0.00009331686,0.0001121728,0.00004047358,0.002479727,0.003490875,0.0001990126,0.003773985,0.005537027,0.000358407],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9690086,0.001238024,0.0000435444,0.01549238,0.00172779,0.001634267,0.0002675703,0.00007239984,0.01051545],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9912093,0.002981517,0.00008279689,0.002417834,0.0004461483,0.0001186972,0.0001332911,0.00001453552,0.002595823],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.04515899,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999989,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}