{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":70,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":70,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12"},"query_hash":"90485a53b7d4","filters":{"venue":"British Journal of Political Science"}},"results":[{"id":"W2143620987","doi":"10.1017/s0007123402000169","title":"Review Article: Understanding the Regulatory State","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"British Journal of Political Science","topic":"Regulation and Compliance Studies","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":419,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Regulatory state; State (computer science); Political science; Politics; Government (linguistics); Quarter (Canadian coin); Subject (documents); Government regulation; Law and economics; Law; Sociology; China; History; Computer science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.06861989147344283,"gpt":0.2740634953603053,"spread":0.2054436038868624,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001063571,0.00005408509,0.0001224051,0.00005232605,0.0004593972,0.0003936532,0.0003307486,0.000008034016,0.0002867979],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005288873,0.00004035812,0.00006194592,0.0005614273,0.0006720993,0.0009636022,0.00008393056,0.0001179111,0.00006022446],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009485646,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001950602,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004004981,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001142111,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987409,0.00001055644,0.0002845316,0.0000930313,0.0004799974,0.0003910512],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994318,0.00003736635,0.0001570607,0.00008902232,0.0002417948,0.00004292915],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000002662643,0.00005676108,0.001783636,0.0001822378,0.00001166535,0.00006511102,0.00002653251,0.00001708391,0.0001414901,0.9104425,0.05821875,0.02905155],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000752377,0.00003286481,0.586897,0.005648602,0.0001078151,0.001483442,0.001204609,0.004865283,0.00004653118,0.3416676,0.05684897,0.0004448564],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.5327072,0.08065357,0.009698347,0.1373681,0.002597863,0.0007125215,0.000003991175,0.0001405934,0.2361179],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9894419,0.0006185709,0.00003756606,0.009405448,0.0003473464,6.809797e-7,3.26289e-8,0.00000364575,0.0001447626],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5851134,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3796006,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2118134033","doi":"10.1017/s0007123405000074","title":"Inaccurate, Exceptional, One-Sided or Irrelevant? The Debate about the Alleged Decline of Social Capital and Civic Engagement in Western Societies","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"British Journal of Political Science","topic":"Social Capital and Networks","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":314,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Civic engagement; Social capital; Politics; Attendance; Political capital; Club; Sociology; Political science; Political economy; Social science; Law","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04857407959227192,"gpt":0.3399159836665691,"spread":0.2913419040742972,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":["sts"],"category_scores_codex":[0.004464732,0.00009352643,0.000232352,0.00004866995,0.001340477,0.0003020405,0.0006727509,0.00007897247,0.00008113143],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001579933,0.00006323803,0.000102588,0.0005144694,0.00482745,0.0004765278,0.0001881058,0.0004669185,0.000002649713],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002578403,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009923662,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003451591,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01184085,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9971769,0.0003250128,0.0005066502,0.000155237,0.001146451,0.0006897326],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985105,0.0006667722,0.0002246753,0.0000587886,0.0003234949,0.0002157782],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001545962,0.000634581,0.005277035,0.00004103312,0.00006378727,0.0002033978,0.1553968,0.00006110509,0.001012281,0.8213866,0.0009900487,0.01477879],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001007191,0.0001744885,0.8014276,0.0002531065,0.00003086823,0.0001490389,0.07032305,0.000007950144,0.00009488526,0.1258501,0.0005077046,0.0001739525],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9816127,0.0006940223,0.00004798084,0.01634113,0.0002341507,0.0001625727,0.000007780191,0.000006650572,0.0008930386],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9973955,0.0007571455,0.00008296747,0.001028271,0.0006092904,0.000004584692,3.23111e-7,0.000005449,0.0001164357],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7961506,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999596,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2138082499","doi":"10.1017/s0007123405000347","title":"Opinion–Policy Dynamics: Public Preferences and Public Expenditure in the United Kingdom","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"British Journal of Political Science","topic":"Electoral Systems and Political Participation","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":308,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Public opinion; Notice; Representation (politics); Politics; Public policy; Government (linguistics); Political science; Public expenditure; Public economics; Structuring; Government spending; Work (physics); Preference; Public administration; Economics; Political economy; Welfare; Law; Public finance","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.09131300604692778,"gpt":0.3873635727920647,"spread":0.296050566745137,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["scholarly_communication"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003660904,0.00008231547,0.0001662178,0.0003404923,0.0006723169,0.001124898,0.0007186677,0.00008499828,0.00006282711],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004966463,0.0000650295,0.00004543828,0.001361365,0.001794783,0.001244837,0.00005200177,0.0003544677,0.000005577094],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005177652,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001103865,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.06284576,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.03938669,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9967111,0.0005336438,0.0004464836,0.0001639696,0.0009908038,0.001154011],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982766,0.0003866431,0.0001371072,0.00009071112,0.0003423656,0.0007666033],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000001321367,0.00006725476,0.01461345,0.000003897524,0.000001839697,0.00000717391,0.0005352873,0.000001220415,0.000009275778,0.9775327,0.0001501796,0.007076441],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008774799,0.0003172381,0.7235562,0.0003570186,0.00001407105,0.0009100844,0.01110362,0.00106185,0.00002238656,0.1731054,0.08820596,0.0004687068],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9214196,0.0001490868,0.0001131742,0.07161045,0.0001874815,0.000123662,0.000007029028,0.00001133205,0.006378165],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9974731,0.00003468767,0.0001049899,0.001102932,0.001249504,0.000004472763,0.00000142566,0.000003730264,0.00002514992],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8044272,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999912,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2129925846","doi":"10.1017/s0007123412000117","title":"Why Do Citizens Discount the Future? Public Opinion and the Timing of Policy Consequences","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"British Journal of Political Science","topic":"Decision-Making and Behavioral Economics","field":"Decision Sciences","cited_by":264,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Discounting; Economics; Public economics; Public opinion; Term (time); Consumption (sociology); Public policy; Politics; Causation; Time preference; Political science; Microeconomics; Sociology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1037275285382455,"gpt":0.4058885393364178,"spread":0.3021610107981724,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch","sts","scholarly_communication"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01465103,0.00009995684,0.0003283784,0.0002341436,0.0006098732,0.001525192,0.001651748,0.00004844284,0.0001185029],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01281849,0.00005024015,0.0001531662,0.0008876927,0.007094469,0.001296861,0.0003081422,0.0002884289,0.000008563823],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000105487,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005851716,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005351756,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004307419,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9962253,0.0002961828,0.0009227911,0.0002025241,0.001620139,0.0007330633],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9954079,0.002564705,0.0005339175,0.0002913444,0.0006560173,0.0005461446],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002234123,0.00006466469,0.003313365,0.00000197345,0.000005711116,0.000009626357,0.0004668369,0.000002568206,0.0001655367,0.7222499,0.003332367,0.2703651],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009402003,0.0001340112,0.1393868,0.0002004861,0.00002867019,0.009431452,0.01162673,0.0001773527,0.0002582142,0.8100639,0.02751106,0.0002411445],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9479182,0.001970139,0.0004580531,0.04568646,0.001333264,0.00008954971,0.00002138732,0.000003929754,0.002519001],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9966817,0.0001898547,0.0004101112,0.00175111,0.0009450452,0.000001095359,7.983901e-8,0.000004088051,0.0000168982],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2701239,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995113,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2016627412","doi":"10.1017/s0007123401000242","title":"Portfolio Salience and the Proportionality of Payoffs in Coalition Governments","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"British Journal of Political Science","topic":"Electoral Systems and Political Participation","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":246,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Operationalization; Salience (neuroscience); Negotiation; Portfolio; Legislature; Proportionality (law); Political science; Economics; Positive economics; Law and economics; Law; Financial economics; Psychology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02739009286232246,"gpt":0.3463217589814241,"spread":0.3189316661191017,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.005480525,0.00004661645,0.0001771486,0.00004381713,0.0002411001,0.00009385854,0.0002362854,0.00003739799,0.00006847719],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002837926,0.00003632675,0.00004458045,0.0004699173,0.003161335,0.0004606169,0.00003260397,0.0001362035,0.000001235518],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002374245,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004250318,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.03597753,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002886688,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9974552,0.0002931806,0.0005417039,0.0001085576,0.001090092,0.0005112711],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988623,0.0002347491,0.0002217532,0.00005727827,0.000292737,0.0003311285],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001989841,0.00008324693,0.1203273,0.0000057508,0.000001744326,0.00002324138,0.0002158165,0.000001240618,0.0001289002,0.8774125,0.00003516362,0.001745192],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000496418,0.00004571967,0.9196445,0.0001187641,0.000007945207,0.0001754636,0.0005532228,0.00003600312,0.0001234826,0.07812012,0.0006222884,0.00005601412],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9884573,0.0000982866,0.0001894617,0.003072866,0.0001182211,0.0001266999,0.000004334981,0.000002933184,0.0079299],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994203,0.00005130117,0.00007874941,0.000200809,0.0001350401,0.000002443687,1.539425e-7,0.000001823043,0.0001093236],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7993172,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995515,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2172010066","doi":"10.1017/s0007123408000318","title":"Cabinet Reshuffles and Ministerial Drift","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"British Journal of Political Science","topic":"Public Policy and Administration Research","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":189,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Cabinet (room); Delegation; Public administration; Democracy; Prime minister; Political science; Moral hazard; Work (physics); Agency (philosophy); Law and economics; Political economy; Incentive; Economics; Law; Sociology; Engineering; Politics; Market economy; Social science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05716686477235682,"gpt":0.3888301780727658,"spread":0.331663313300409,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002337682,0.00004640651,0.0001228813,0.0001030016,0.001107345,0.0003604775,0.0004284875,0.00004666435,0.0001539639],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004836374,0.00004833144,0.00003818323,0.0003594998,0.00531502,0.0006556828,0.00006088492,0.0001840495,0.000005036615],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008572191,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002528783,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003860774,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005436952,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9977451,0.0001455229,0.000267396,0.0001252792,0.0009857311,0.0007309871],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982469,0.0001824446,0.00007393923,0.00005505527,0.0003224553,0.001119219],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001520611,0.00008140109,0.001722851,0.000004010266,0.000003339113,0.0005264286,0.0009779864,1.332192e-7,0.001076393,0.9877653,0.003831151,0.003995801],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00152466,0.0006594292,0.717137,0.0001759199,0.00001430947,0.014205,0.005963896,0.00003797812,0.001810933,0.04056055,0.2174505,0.0004597793],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9353391,0.00009168801,0.00003448805,0.009434588,0.0002145347,0.00004657232,0.00001065397,0.000008435923,0.05481995],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9973297,0.0001329556,0.0004211328,0.0004692799,0.0007202107,6.299833e-7,1.614246e-7,0.000002365279,0.0009235632],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9472048,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9973919,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2041314074","doi":"10.1017/s0007123411000160","title":"Language and Ideology in Congress","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"British Journal of Political Science","topic":"Computational and Text Analysis Methods","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":168,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal; Kellogg's (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Ideology; Legislature; Interpretation (philosophy); Political science; Politics; Law; Linguistics; Philosophy","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03988064428790917,"gpt":0.3808767252756357,"spread":0.3409960809877265,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002823573,0.00002820284,0.0001125535,0.0001218728,0.0001469262,0.00005993298,0.0002256757,0.00002450387,0.0001902429],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001865381,0.00002864195,0.00002853977,0.000374677,0.001537692,0.0002676093,0.00004097692,0.0001120654,0.000002070385],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005335929,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002562169,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01102274,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00300027,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988883,0.0001740846,0.0001959574,0.00008554204,0.0003147825,0.000341375],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992604,0.0001947969,0.00005990883,0.00002512942,0.0001598664,0.0002999048],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004916567,0.00005253862,0.02825695,0.00000189457,0.000003246606,0.000426722,0.004098954,6.270691e-7,0.0001596481,0.907314,0.00002261025,0.05965789],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001716634,0.0000355337,0.8824768,0.00003446583,0.000007001068,0.000369997,0.004482092,0.00004999534,0.0001267288,0.1119566,0.0002283709,0.00006074194],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9784529,0.0002565875,0.0005291972,0.0005045805,0.0001588203,0.00001960665,6.96054e-7,0.000003179792,0.02007444],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9951311,0.00002373827,0.004463433,0.0001853764,0.00008616359,2.310813e-7,3.102762e-8,0.000001121793,0.0001088278],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8542199,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9955629,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2115791431","doi":"10.1017/s0007123404000250","title":"Review Article: Dismantling the Health Care State? Political Institutions, Public Policies and the Comparative Politics of Health Reform","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"British Journal of Political Science","topic":"Social Policy and Reform Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":164,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Retrenchment; Politics; Legislature; Public administration; Political science; Health care reform; Welfare state; Health care; Autonomy; Health policy; Political economy; Public economics; Economics; Law","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0987380296949226,"gpt":0.4393207596160597,"spread":0.340582729921137,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":["sts"],"category_scores_codex":[0.005573627,0.0001177411,0.000582222,0.00008117051,0.004520685,0.0002286523,0.000620072,0.0000363109,0.000002063927],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002602759,0.00006825006,0.0001362543,0.0008496244,0.01680117,0.0004832092,0.0001629087,0.0004149762,0.000001264016],"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001404881,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.006134956,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.08427513,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00694165,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9958311,0.000586129,0.0009292772,0.0001516798,0.0009713492,0.001530429],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9975623,0.0003164889,0.0004403564,0.0001337268,0.0007299898,0.0008171751],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003459581,0.00004090073,0.0001362826,0.00009419794,0.00001367456,0.000001936151,0.01530168,7.925651e-7,5.466715e-7,0.9824741,0.00009483728,0.001837548],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002563047,0.0005929425,0.08556154,0.005377227,0.00008372745,0.0009209798,0.4052568,0.000004733032,0.00007333056,0.4906214,0.008518735,0.0004255614],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.2205628,0.08612469,0.000193102,0.6830153,0.0003715128,0.0007117096,0.00007677195,0.00002465522,0.008919478],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9708479,0.01418144,0.0001055658,0.0144966,0.0003445465,0.000004199303,4.365967e-7,0.000004168301,0.00001515642],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7502851,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9994993,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2140944885","doi":"10.1017/s0007123412000555","title":"Auntie Knows Best? Public Broadcasters and Current Affairs Knowledge","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"British Journal of Political Science","topic":"Social Media and Politics","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":163,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal; McGill University","funders":"Economic and Social Research Council; Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science; Norges Forskningsråd","keywords":"Political science; Independence (probability theory); Test (biology); Public relations; Advertising; Business; Biology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05608512772890869,"gpt":0.3704733179647881,"spread":0.3143881902358794,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002256971,0.00009896473,0.0002198319,0.0001621421,0.0007928156,0.0004541189,0.0004988929,0.00007978798,0.0001117658],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004700941,0.0001061252,0.00008925601,0.0006011777,0.003789207,0.001409836,0.000112653,0.0003600594,0.00004287188],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003812139,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001384008,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001094064,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002108604,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9966178,0.0002378852,0.0003637399,0.0001432351,0.0008622801,0.001775059],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9961466,0.0003654078,0.0001303832,0.00007465661,0.0004994419,0.002783562],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000002268148,0.0002964105,0.02335458,0.00001788983,0.000006687038,0.00001610143,0.006867712,4.116041e-8,0.00008996548,0.8118996,0.001075985,0.1563728],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001279376,0.0003479198,0.1319845,0.0008102765,0.0001311134,0.001545768,0.1037484,0.0000282446,0.0004895214,0.0254991,0.7332003,0.0009356114],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9285936,0.01055975,0.0001377325,0.002823197,0.005202028,0.000122986,0.00001046452,0.00002100046,0.05252926],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9961208,0.0005707447,0.0002464124,0.0001203988,0.002802885,0.000001680996,1.83614e-7,0.000007456456,0.0001294978],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7864005,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9989219,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2063608249","doi":"10.1017/s0007123405000153","title":"Political Knowledge and Enlightened Preferences: Party Choice Through the Electoral Cycle","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"British Journal of Political Science","topic":"Electoral Systems and Political Participation","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":161,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Explanatory power; Politics; Power (physics); Panel data; Panel survey; Work (physics); Predictive power; Political science; Positive economics; Economics; Demographic economics; Econometrics; Epistemology; Law","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04842319659622016,"gpt":0.3751515009704209,"spread":0.3267283043742008,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002154166,0.0001211418,0.0002571163,0.00005198565,0.001173397,0.0005304346,0.0006001364,0.0001000286,0.0001069631],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003214562,0.00009221594,0.00009034006,0.0005356743,0.003045801,0.001108143,0.00007741494,0.0003820815,0.00002771912],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004127042,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009806297,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02212595,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01236544,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9961209,0.0004467696,0.0005568909,0.0002373969,0.0008908882,0.001747156],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9972006,0.0007588883,0.000132468,0.0001231392,0.000556926,0.001227963],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004283059,0.0000945304,0.004719062,0.000006479307,0.000005707309,0.000005768404,0.0005308104,8.713202e-7,0.0002147761,0.990072,0.000374738,0.003970967],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001020256,0.0005441936,0.5007546,0.0003894152,0.0001100293,0.0006515314,0.00182031,0.0003583941,0.002288772,0.3638227,0.1276075,0.0006322672],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9426583,0.0008844184,0.0001741905,0.01710799,0.0003476002,0.0001760381,0.000008633245,0.00002765481,0.03861519],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9964879,0.0000160106,0.0002982548,0.0009186206,0.002007375,0.000004993678,2.990327e-7,0.000007239884,0.0002592742],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6262493,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996673,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2127549877","doi":"10.1017/s0007123405000098","title":"To Adopt or Not to Adopt Proportional Representation: The Politics of Institutional Choice","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"British Journal of Political Science","topic":"Political Systems and Governance","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":155,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Democratization; Democracy; Legislature; Proportional representation; Politics; Political science; Representation (politics); Political economy; Economic history; Public administration; Sociology; Economics; Law","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04554029990027382,"gpt":0.371515038823758,"spread":0.3259747389234842,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002084116,0.00009844483,0.000247161,0.00009601331,0.001006957,0.0002357257,0.0009613986,0.00006144275,0.0001112653],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01418418,0.0000761261,0.0001157274,0.001144857,0.002315306,0.0005845478,0.0001315672,0.00023851,0.00002653446],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008136347,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.004455564,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.04161648,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002724188,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9954485,0.0001033907,0.0007298014,0.0002385582,0.002449123,0.001030639],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9966699,0.0003317322,0.0002209792,0.0001591429,0.001151069,0.001467158],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001881013,0.000105427,0.000865481,0.000008169155,0.000005535417,0.00007149595,0.0005165606,0.0001851184,0.0002834894,0.9961739,0.0004952249,0.001270787],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007133176,0.0003989225,0.8990303,0.0006965905,0.00002674559,0.001203276,0.001450798,0.000008289777,0.002592769,0.02712775,0.06645871,0.0002924795],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9465902,0.00006542889,0.003679731,0.03829062,0.000856008,0.000382015,0.0001045258,0.00001495203,0.01001645],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9920246,0.000009091602,0.002301505,0.003518654,0.001304087,0.000005343937,3.131846e-7,0.000005217337,0.0008311875],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9690462,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9941198,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2044094458","doi":"10.1017/s000712340600007x","title":"Political Decentralization and Electoral Accountability: The Argentine Experience, 1983–2001","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"British Journal of Political Science","topic":"Politics and Society in Latin America","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":146,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Decentralization; Accountability; Political science; Referendum; Politics; Presidential system; Blame; Public administration; Voting; Argument (complex analysis); Democracy; Political economy; Survey data collection; Public economics; Economics; Social psychology; Law","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02284915480894796,"gpt":0.3546782908835474,"spread":0.3318291360745994,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002555179,0.0001010678,0.0001998233,0.00005311413,0.001261585,0.0006237133,0.0006404215,0.0000708225,0.0002605501],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003373103,0.00008709627,0.0001004481,0.0006148094,0.006084187,0.0007908678,0.00009299313,0.0002936535,0.000005630252],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005167483,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000956094,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004650738,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004133939,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9961318,0.0001920637,0.0004741602,0.0002103359,0.001186229,0.001805451],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9977296,0.0003058812,0.0001391901,0.0001225167,0.0005123885,0.001190424],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000002695256,0.00008247166,0.01151868,0.000002467056,0.000004316374,0.00000708323,0.001154289,8.917259e-7,0.0001998932,0.9841383,0.0003536083,0.002535264],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001348728,0.000318253,0.6396977,0.0002418533,0.0001142794,0.002097123,0.03396603,0.002200385,0.001472313,0.1062768,0.2113004,0.0009661522],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9734992,0.000270577,0.0005324385,0.01139221,0.0003290076,0.0001177134,0.000009576677,0.0000190834,0.01383015],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.994774,0.0001094205,0.001221479,0.002765485,0.0009917426,0.000002295441,3.689506e-7,0.000006647711,0.0001285781],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8778615,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9966207,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2082480816","doi":"10.1017/s0007123405000190","title":"‘Presidentialization’ in Japan? The Prime Minister, Media and Elections in Japan","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"British Journal of Political Science","topic":"Political Systems and Governance","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":142,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Prime minister; Politics; Political science; Popularity; Phenomenon; Democracy; Bureaucracy; Presidential system; Prime (order theory); Political economy; Nomination; Political culture; Public administration; Law; Sociology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01499817653743824,"gpt":0.3048333234528542,"spread":0.289835146915416,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002537091,0.00006007,0.0001580949,0.00009958947,0.0003693443,0.00033318,0.0004336893,0.00005495533,0.00005402554],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003947787,0.00005330812,0.0000376406,0.0006799953,0.001570011,0.0006814016,0.00005397117,0.0002441605,0.000005260847],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003701308,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006121241,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.04715745,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0738598,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9976581,0.0001855782,0.0004564342,0.0001527121,0.0007601115,0.0007870376],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988976,0.0003346996,0.0001105772,0.00007064261,0.0001401555,0.0004462946],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003346194,0.00009255008,0.0318578,0.000003368195,0.000001695852,0.00002316254,0.002103117,0.000004275114,0.0001936774,0.9574673,0.000270692,0.007979044],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002796875,0.00002625243,0.9773572,0.0001469538,0.000004376372,0.000264977,0.001190626,0.00006854716,0.00009426231,0.01201879,0.008461186,0.00008712439],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9806885,0.000489588,0.00007718266,0.01014587,0.0002502263,0.0001021083,0.000005290628,0.000005387496,0.0082358],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9983982,0.0001054218,0.0001078457,0.0005731763,0.0005144771,0.000002340785,7.645452e-8,0.000003373819,0.0002950247],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9454994,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9591876,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2087358759","doi":"10.1017/s0007123414000076","title":"Global Experimentalist Governance","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"British Journal of Political Science","topic":"Science, Research, and Medicine","field":"Medicine","cited_by":137,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Corporate governance; Political science; Business","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01783853296590707,"gpt":0.3608016357382262,"spread":0.3429631027723191,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001833186,0.00007137391,0.0002350612,0.00004626106,0.0001651189,0.00009872969,0.0004221462,0.00003134683,0.000185787],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003426788,0.00006050936,0.00008132882,0.0006068322,0.002149804,0.0003051651,0.00007564315,0.000184164,0.00001687427],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000439904,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006959233,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008156319,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002576697,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9968801,0.00003465948,0.0003193017,0.000194694,0.001727427,0.0008438024],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9977187,0.00005674165,0.00008889274,0.0001378523,0.0004083725,0.001589439],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001244026,0.0007339019,0.06632617,0.00006690738,0.00001914774,0.002184724,0.0001514717,0.00000200932,0.03668644,0.7309917,0.0103808,0.1523323],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001446141,0.0006547541,0.9627166,0.0004287331,0.00001772957,0.02064138,0.0003542971,0.000173346,0.005841207,0.002549012,0.005077172,0.00009960745],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9514617,0.0005709781,0.000771843,0.003157584,0.0004853001,0.00007321254,0.000005721897,0.00001070802,0.04346297],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9957055,0.00005004039,0.001102565,0.002251134,0.0006172161,7.241216e-7,2.195846e-7,0.000003473551,0.000269094],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8963904,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7921045,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2081833995","doi":"10.1017/s0007123400220292","title":"The Effect of Referendumson Democratic Citizens: Information, Politicization, Efficacy and Tolerance","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"British Journal of Political Science","topic":"Political Systems and Governance","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":134,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Referendum; Democracy; Political science; Voting; Government (linguistics); Direct democracy; Politics; Public administration; Affect (linguistics); Political economy; Sociology; Law","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.006461183474082537,"gpt":0.2715172338655089,"spread":0.2650560503914264,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002932631,0.00008565793,0.0002456548,0.00004458715,0.0009568957,0.0003553666,0.0004864051,0.00005695755,0.00007027634],"category_scores_gemma":[0.006303011,0.00006492511,0.00005716222,0.0004413592,0.00256149,0.0009468099,0.00002832604,0.0001841451,0.000008694625],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001586366,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004081164,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.007762809,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002264761,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9971305,0.0002794222,0.0006456471,0.0001040577,0.001003582,0.0008368572],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9977462,0.0008856835,0.0002195428,0.0001067529,0.0004162875,0.0006254825],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002669334,0.00001570105,0.001935598,0.00002430017,0.00000613094,0.000007693783,0.0003462459,0.000006309114,0.0000341181,0.9526604,0.0005986023,0.04433817],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002155045,0.000879348,0.8933819,0.001114847,0.00006218137,0.0007674933,0.0005814175,0.0001827793,0.001246565,0.04315684,0.05610989,0.0003616771],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9725429,0.0008824975,0.00008621314,0.001929902,0.0002194205,0.0001742633,0.00001497461,0.00001081994,0.02413904],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987013,0.0003192668,0.00006162404,0.0002524706,0.0002406506,0.000001987288,2.082771e-7,0.000003322293,0.0004192201],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9095036,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9988446,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3001418019","doi":"10.1017/s0007123420000113","title":"Party Cues in the News: Democratic Elites, Republican Backlash, and the Dynamics of Climate Skepticism","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"British Journal of Political Science","topic":"Climate Change Communication and Perception","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":128,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Skepticism; Elite; Public opinion; Climate change; Political science; Democracy; Construct (python library); Backlash; Dynamics (music); Political economy; Sociology; Law; Politics; Epistemology; Philosophy","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1506344883231996,"gpt":0.39569718074989,"spread":0.2450626924266903,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004401724,0.0000502607,0.0001669544,0.00004100907,0.0004578236,0.0003022406,0.0008057358,0.00003378089,0.0001149508],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004134767,0.00003407906,0.00005646263,0.0006072663,0.003336793,0.000362624,0.0001092393,0.0002578794,0.000001368685],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008739423,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001879283,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002855016,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.007998607,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979532,0.0005682009,0.0004146175,0.0001015099,0.0005690721,0.0003934233],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985599,0.0006732407,0.000171991,0.0001213962,0.0002170675,0.0002564132],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002351933,0.00005820169,0.006280473,0.00001739903,0.000002547405,0.000009438433,0.01547802,0.000001519621,0.00004520047,0.9367437,0.0003055671,0.04103436],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002664334,0.0003402768,0.6125432,0.0005988919,0.00007940412,0.0005832504,0.2351355,0.01008367,0.00001636224,0.128936,0.008641446,0.0003776307],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7767969,0.0005330251,0.0001172099,0.1863902,0.00009236769,0.000206923,0.00002260121,0.00000888561,0.03583197],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9892796,0.006889243,0.0002275365,0.003463195,0.0001224055,0.000001780612,0.000001053603,0.000002478626,0.00001276566],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8078077,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9993756,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2015932347","doi":"10.1017/s0007123408000112","title":"The Politics of When: Redistribution, Investment and Policy Making for the Long Term","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"British Journal of Political Science","topic":"Social Policy and Reform Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":93,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Redistribution (election); Politics; Economics; Argument (complex analysis); Public economics; Term (time); Investment (military); Pension; Positive economics; Political science; Finance; Law","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0393832673218768,"gpt":0.3635690604770098,"spread":0.324185793155133,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":["sts"],"category_scores_codex":[0.002042835,0.00006117667,0.0001459696,0.00004422463,0.005217532,0.0001345843,0.0004773474,0.00004251901,0.00000158489],"category_scores_gemma":[0.006368647,0.0000379447,0.00009070061,0.0003057747,0.009921973,0.0002187024,0.00009513192,0.000141137,2.093428e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002333975,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001233436,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002506594,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004015006,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998074,0.00008150563,0.0003526308,0.00008996451,0.0006420996,0.0007597911],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981596,0.0007700545,0.0001922376,0.00007238649,0.0005378567,0.0002678315],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003735718,0.00001867773,0.001504745,0.000005442565,0.0000128726,0.000006982538,0.00242843,1.706851e-7,0.00001945391,0.9921632,0.0005870934,0.00324917],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003706497,0.0001311141,0.5119502,0.0001421118,0.00003919479,0.0006557474,0.008631878,0.00001134609,0.0002723581,0.4741015,0.003571697,0.0001221695],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8223083,0.007958856,0.001788879,0.1430389,0.001459049,0.000833822,0.0001235262,0.0000277015,0.02246099],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9963261,0.001029925,0.0001191966,0.0008661519,0.001440719,0.000003307968,1.011246e-7,0.000003112822,0.000211424],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5180617,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9960775,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2061885562","doi":"10.1017/s0007123412000051","title":"Global Migration and Political Regime Type: A Democratic Disadvantage","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"British Journal of Political Science","topic":"Migration and Labor Dynamics","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":90,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Autocracy; Democracy; Divergence (linguistics); Emigration; Politics; Globalization; Immigration; Disadvantage; Development economics; Order (exchange); Capital (architecture); Economics; Economic system; Political science; Political economy; Economic geography; Geography; Market economy","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01289760564545694,"gpt":0.3301043961575055,"spread":0.3172067905120486,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001765257,0.00006788236,0.0001394405,0.00005079806,0.0004707236,0.0002827109,0.0002402401,0.00006135079,0.00007686896],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003016629,0.00006803361,0.00004185809,0.0005578569,0.00159187,0.001076149,0.00004061822,0.0001350447,0.000007575629],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003739439,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005651373,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002352388,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004469033,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9976978,0.0001481655,0.0002903508,0.0001125788,0.0007319787,0.001019099],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9978759,0.0001109289,0.00008860388,0.00006253931,0.0003395171,0.001522526],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004170074,0.00005808939,0.03007954,0.000003353342,0.000002214429,0.00001448374,0.0004447891,4.063843e-7,0.00008087984,0.9672613,0.0003179971,0.00173285],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005621333,0.0002060358,0.8660413,0.0001653787,0.00006724161,0.002687299,0.01223195,0.0005917414,0.00007333262,0.104298,0.01267907,0.0003965379],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9793552,0.0003468654,0.001037971,0.004913452,0.0004583418,0.0000698989,0.00001107302,0.00001496561,0.01379222],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.997247,0.00008010176,0.001137881,0.0007778191,0.0004856988,4.476578e-7,5.146353e-7,0.000003181944,0.0002673682],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8629633,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5865313,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2106901522","doi":"10.1017/s0007123414000192","title":"Ideological Clarity in Multiparty Competition: A New Measure and Test Using Election Manifestos","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"British Journal of Political Science","topic":"Electoral Systems and Political Participation","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":76,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Ideology; CLARITY; Ambiguity; Appeal; Manifesto; Political science; Competition (biology); Democracy; Position (finance); Computer science; Economics; Law; Politics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05585559970127395,"gpt":0.3521060277296881,"spread":0.2962504280284141,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003320049,0.00006765712,0.0001975259,0.00008638965,0.0004430928,0.0002318528,0.0001768605,0.00009826513,0.00005231391],"category_scores_gemma":[0.008635475,0.00006803806,0.00004075808,0.0004488787,0.0009707104,0.0005203694,0.00002825045,0.0003068775,0.000003563279],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003602864,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005022163,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.05091067,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01895992,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9977275,0.0003355826,0.0003926737,0.0001660657,0.0006454466,0.0007327078],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982604,0.00045545,0.000107294,0.00004892717,0.0002836023,0.000844277],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000873972,0.0001200932,0.1682733,0.000009383813,0.000001681886,0.00003686374,0.0001784728,0.000008371258,0.003662822,0.8237094,0.00004984449,0.003941126],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004402846,0.0002077484,0.9530574,0.0002110513,0.00001159424,0.0005923253,0.0001409666,0.0008952259,0.0002054903,0.04347454,0.0006259972,0.0001373633],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.993897,0.00006484341,0.001506473,0.002384453,0.0001844021,0.00009320096,0.000001315908,0.00001157189,0.001856783],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998316,0.000004051035,0.0007232717,0.0002747952,0.0006399376,6.719982e-7,1.286408e-7,0.000003072517,0.00003804991],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7847841,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997152,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2775364846","doi":"10.1017/s0007123417000667","title":"For and Against Brexit: A Survey Experiment of the Impact of Campaign Effects on Public Attitudes toward EU Membership","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"British Journal of Political Science","topic":"Electoral Systems and Political Participation","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":72,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"University of Kent; London School of Economics and Political Science","keywords":"Referendum; Brexit; Salience (neuroscience); Framing (construction); European union; Political science; Public opinion; Panel survey; Panel data; Public support; Member states; Economics; International economics; Public relations; Demographic economics; Psychology; Engineering; Law; Politics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1083185499860596,"gpt":0.4238999545182734,"spread":0.3155814045322138,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003874824,0.00007179321,0.0002339612,0.00005927046,0.0003149688,0.0001243662,0.0003560795,0.00005375868,0.00001988328],"category_scores_gemma":[0.006623609,0.00005130991,0.0001272966,0.0003852514,0.002286497,0.0002468237,0.00004063549,0.00009341979,6.913806e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003307259,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001078664,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02684936,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002585788,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9977692,0.000400749,0.0003728998,0.0001265696,0.000684808,0.0006457922],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9976584,0.0007183026,0.0002122211,0.00008818061,0.0007857913,0.000537129],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009573706,0.000420768,0.1613367,0.0001351097,0.00004994708,0.000004806608,0.002890208,0.000004319728,0.01457767,0.8168861,0.0003207444,0.003277927],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003777707,0.001049885,0.9728732,0.0004310118,0.000009003991,0.00001393747,0.0001602185,0.00001472048,0.01612635,0.008833559,0.00002637618,0.0000839382],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9973854,0.00007125313,0.00007123539,0.0008020003,0.0002100741,0.0002675854,0.00002012619,0.000003165426,0.001169152],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999494,0.000003091362,0.0000750748,0.0001240891,0.0002805088,0.000004089024,1.862853e-7,0.000004146973,0.00001481055],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8115366,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9796309,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2097128903","doi":"10.1017/s0007123412000269","title":"Measuring the Median: The Risks of Inferring Beliefs from Votes","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"British Journal of Political Science","topic":"Electoral Systems and Political Participation","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":71,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Public opinion; Congruence (geometry); Ideology; Virtue; Measure (data warehouse); Democracy; Core (optical fiber); Political science; Positive economics; Econometrics; Actuarial science; Economics; Psychology; Social psychology; Law; Computer science; Politics; Data mining","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1557409834342708,"gpt":0.3943573260368243,"spread":0.2386163426025534,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.005432201,0.00006044044,0.0001598496,0.00003635224,0.0007960963,0.0001824937,0.0006585005,0.00004885144,0.00008536932],"category_scores_gemma":[0.005957358,0.00003867074,0.00008844786,0.0003961707,0.00206735,0.0006030701,0.00006513789,0.0002821372,0.00001012153],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001606367,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003730526,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.09960217,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004272821,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9969931,0.0003688222,0.0004415194,0.0000801684,0.001180282,0.0009361609],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9976895,0.001022126,0.0001938302,0.0001085832,0.0003704362,0.0006155003],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000427267,0.00008481792,0.1203646,0.000006844194,0.00001648781,0.000005485956,0.004417067,0.00000837717,0.001884086,0.8628018,0.0002070076,0.01019914],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001150591,0.00003671431,0.9503607,0.0001742272,0.0000301331,0.00004265257,0.001529628,0.00002712209,0.002316538,0.04364958,0.001627894,0.00008975135],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9852911,0.0006825215,0.0002325109,0.008466814,0.0007770478,0.0000903279,0.000005746415,0.000006815046,0.004447155],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.997884,0.00001780289,0.00008826302,0.0002428989,0.00173208,0.00000183167,9.611885e-8,0.000003856677,0.00002911875],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.829996,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9063936,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2091844576","doi":"10.1017/s0007123404000092","title":"Referendum Voting as Political Choice: The Case of Quebec","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"British Journal of Political Science","topic":"Electoral Systems and Political Participation","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":68,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Referendum; Voting; Status quo bias; Public economics; Multicollinearity; Politics; Status quo; Economics; Political science; Positive economics; Social psychology; Psychology; Regression analysis; Computer science; Law","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04704819640766918,"gpt":0.3836183567624699,"spread":0.3365701603548008,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch","sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003171399,0.00009375482,0.0002507542,0.00008645897,0.0008992073,0.0002850897,0.0005500853,0.0000920582,0.0001106763],"category_scores_gemma":[0.008961474,0.00007593707,0.0001325906,0.0006425989,0.003182378,0.0005718281,0.00006309208,0.0003859047,0.00001735862],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007221521,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002193024,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.6921846,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.1860564,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9964601,0.0002989733,0.0006893376,0.0001716483,0.0009043894,0.001475504],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9970612,0.000565066,0.0002192134,0.000120082,0.0007733118,0.001261128],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003228189,0.00007112342,0.0008321785,0.000008737392,0.000004958035,0.000558497,0.0002942194,0.000004781287,0.0002782803,0.9960877,0.00004207104,0.001814198],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002058682,0.0009964706,0.2794946,0.00136676,0.0001942415,0.03334039,0.0150952,0.00007746657,0.008108217,0.6538737,0.00458707,0.0008072055],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9756684,0.00009166882,0.0001918267,0.01144167,0.0003727586,0.0001124112,0.000007279927,0.00001283306,0.01210117],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982222,0.000001662679,0.0001243006,0.0005276388,0.0009153805,0.000001778449,1.7366e-7,0.000006585224,0.0002002982],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5061281,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995304,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2975499287","doi":"10.1017/s0007123419000231","title":"Stuck in the middle: Ideology, valence and the electoral failures of centrist parties","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"British Journal of Political Science","topic":"Electoral Systems and Political Participation","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":56,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Ideology; Political science; Political economy; Voting; Politics; Democracy; German; Economics; Law; Geography","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03240099517861571,"gpt":0.3248155670590299,"spread":0.2924145718804141,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.005440407,0.00005691423,0.0002141515,0.00005000834,0.0002695863,0.0001769118,0.0005444732,0.00004470932,0.00005236159],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002665503,0.00003567902,0.00005663416,0.0004538852,0.004177828,0.0003355093,0.00004001811,0.0002389638,0.000004184252],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007781979,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003391529,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.03953893,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00727452,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9973304,0.0006830148,0.0004340931,0.0001115113,0.0007525722,0.0006883857],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983989,0.0009059754,0.0001581382,0.0000870928,0.0002501278,0.0001997625],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001941135,0.0000339919,0.08832096,0.00001275077,0.00000269994,0.000008248434,0.001366326,0.000002110573,0.0001336553,0.9095325,0.0001081063,0.0004592503],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00100035,0.0002319313,0.8817964,0.0002638355,0.00002441004,0.0002154468,0.005478611,0.00007960072,0.0002936306,0.109032,0.001455346,0.0001283821],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9887665,0.0006144886,0.00001398931,0.008523258,0.0001825212,0.0001798694,0.000003318753,0.000002686424,0.001713378],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993272,0.00002657813,0.00002631706,0.0003712192,0.0001574861,0.000002406662,8.28693e-8,0.000002014287,0.00008664227],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8005005,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9985322,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2002829966","doi":"10.1017/s000712340800032x","title":"If Winning Isn't Everything, Why Do They Keep Score? Consequences of Electoral Performance for Party Leaders","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"British Journal of Political Science","topic":"Electoral Systems and Political Participation","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":52,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Government (linguistics); Legislature; Political science; Minor (academic); Premise; Divided government; Single non-transferable vote; Position (finance); Public administration; Political economy; Business; Law; Economics; Democracy; Politics; Finance","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.07708157369696257,"gpt":0.3493291413140633,"spread":0.2722475676171007,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002772365,0.000110777,0.0003396056,0.0001167136,0.001057171,0.0001533067,0.00054665,0.00009176294,0.00007468738],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003030734,0.0001070006,0.0001479936,0.0004580088,0.005108216,0.00105781,0.00002867836,0.0002509307,0.000004109108],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002827306,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001537481,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01741001,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009259299,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9964875,0.0001971198,0.0006914655,0.0002121118,0.001133084,0.001278742],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9975322,0.0003916187,0.0003121172,0.00009500701,0.0009441135,0.0007248898],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009186172,0.0002600517,0.3473531,0.0001437671,0.00003655476,0.0000890923,0.006119395,0.00009594408,0.01089419,0.6275518,0.002834668,0.00452952],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002722863,0.003225698,0.8285373,0.00300181,0.0001675294,0.00273971,0.006512244,0.0006679832,0.03682939,0.1051297,0.008991944,0.001473798],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9949039,0.000219313,0.0003723698,0.001600683,0.0004156361,0.0001845691,0.00001051823,0.00001537353,0.002277669],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998323,0.00003227944,0.0005111127,0.0003827586,0.000589888,0.000005135385,4.294585e-7,0.0000076964,0.0001477109],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5224221,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9975993,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1982679242","doi":"10.1017/s0007123414000520","title":"Measuring the Cost of Privacy: A Look at the Distributional Effects of Private Bargaining","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"British Journal of Political Science","topic":"World Trade Organization Law","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":50,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Transparency (behavior); Negotiation; Parallels; Plaintiff; Disadvantage; Settlement (finance); Business; International trade; Political science; Law; Economics; Law and economics; Finance; Payment","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03088014264698934,"gpt":0.2910036159213282,"spread":0.2601234732743389,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch","sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004572118,0.00005993613,0.0001636995,0.00003996774,0.0006052019,0.0001188221,0.0009911431,0.00003112026,0.00004300427],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01320448,0.00004260277,0.00006748738,0.0008212554,0.004207557,0.0003538082,0.0002062677,0.0001890791,0.000004410034],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004237752,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001226326,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005470036,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009689228,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9969612,0.0003075649,0.0003979411,0.0001095921,0.001722325,0.000501377],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9976715,0.0006637627,0.0002908241,0.0001263605,0.0008119119,0.0004356677],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009204865,0.00005916601,0.01386731,0.000008595451,0.00001083507,0.00001698176,0.000924775,0.00002379837,0.001358202,0.9825657,0.0003639557,0.0007914534],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001173312,0.0001690469,0.9195666,0.0005765422,0.00007130689,0.0004700432,0.001546031,0.00004631616,0.03750842,0.02993453,0.008735452,0.0002024227],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9809644,0.0003963185,0.001497592,0.01092826,0.000405242,0.0002723745,0.00001634103,0.00001032182,0.005509118],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993742,0.00001125934,0.0002194544,0.0001456954,0.0001826684,0.000001003288,3.222011e-7,0.000004587683,0.00006085456],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9526312,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9985024,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3000159853","doi":"10.1017/s0007123419000644","title":"The Cultural Sources of the Gender Gap in Voter Turnout","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"British Journal of Political Science","topic":"Gender Politics and Representation","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":49,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal","funders":"Tampereen Yliopisto","keywords":"Parliament; Gender gap; Turnout; Voting; Voter turnout; Context (archaeology); Political science; Politics; Demographic economics; Economics; Law; Geography","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.06059909287288986,"gpt":0.3437625384576921,"spread":0.2831634455848023,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001286289,0.00004322227,0.00009729892,0.00002157506,0.000551145,0.0002548382,0.0007470931,0.00003169354,0.00002043264],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00220804,0.00002561876,0.00009231783,0.0004155284,0.002255808,0.0002498075,0.00008901022,0.0002198047,0.000001954082],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008245798,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005119423,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003134671,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005146113,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979684,0.0001922265,0.0003169037,0.00009604123,0.0008983869,0.0005280413],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990391,0.0001439701,0.0001334462,0.00006142657,0.0002875623,0.0003344583],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001131764,0.00005869136,0.03971173,0.00001219569,0.00001022848,0.00004436926,0.02123383,0.00005402591,0.001795621,0.9324909,0.000830407,0.003746705],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003498871,0.00005968005,0.8823625,0.00007083804,0.00001521771,0.0002008796,0.04297982,0.0001412709,0.001928982,0.06866426,0.003108387,0.0001182039],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.962541,0.0002519532,0.00003007698,0.02405437,0.000306609,0.00007214001,0.000002723769,0.000002692988,0.01273842],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988127,0.00004943939,0.00005294601,0.0006753672,0.0003243086,4.259984e-7,2.926468e-8,0.00000212485,0.00008268751],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8638266,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8311619,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2094366616","doi":"10.1017/s0007123401000230","title":"The Transformation of Southern Politics Revisited: The House of Representatives as a Window","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"British Journal of Political Science","topic":"Electoral Systems and Political Participation","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":48,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Desegregation; Politics; Democracy; Political science; Political economy; Identity (music); Race (biology); Resistance (ecology); Identity politics; Sociology; Public administration; Gender studies; Law","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03442542746681318,"gpt":0.3666001924030547,"spread":0.3321747649362415,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003824093,0.00006016276,0.0001839445,0.0000515029,0.0007468331,0.0001549376,0.0005479374,0.00004433954,0.00004351535],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003380487,0.00003927403,0.0001184305,0.0006017514,0.003159127,0.0003765903,0.00002250686,0.0001786997,0.00000798794],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001062279,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005453968,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02487031,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001146766,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9970271,0.0004522002,0.0006848043,0.0000868573,0.001097301,0.0006517378],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9976944,0.0007460323,0.0003180891,0.0001221182,0.0007749861,0.0003443496],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001529264,0.0000529663,0.004500653,0.00001157665,0.000009751182,0.0000076991,0.004639301,0.000005425931,0.001134696,0.9863729,0.00006703884,0.003182653],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001331809,0.0009682053,0.3082487,0.001136953,0.0001752121,0.001026613,0.07273233,0.0002004758,0.01227089,0.5882894,0.01318393,0.000435449],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9838815,0.0002993122,0.0002706694,0.006755624,0.0001141883,0.0001638197,0.00001408639,0.000007781724,0.008493038],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992971,0.00009179951,0.00003231554,0.0001270342,0.0002601835,0.000001529697,1.272143e-7,0.000004921737,0.0001850043],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3980835,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995537,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2907118461","doi":"10.1017/s0007123418000303","title":"Compulsory Voting: A Defence","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"British Journal of Political Science","topic":"Political Philosophy and Ethics","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":46,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Turnout; Voting; Argument (complex analysis); Political science; Coercion (linguistics); Presidential system; Political economy; Margin (machine learning); Law; Economics; Politics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05815346936181888,"gpt":0.3652207639679086,"spread":0.3070672946060898,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch","sts"],"consensus_categories":["sts"],"category_scores_codex":[0.004672355,0.00007587998,0.0001837045,0.0001055074,0.001421685,0.0003460103,0.001009058,0.00009195403,0.0001996984],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01042738,0.0000816914,0.0001005027,0.0006660759,0.01301852,0.0006976768,0.0001081553,0.0004745477,0.00008117659],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002859164,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001632151,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002386645,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002934276,"domain_scores_codex":[0.99647,0.0002067158,0.0004020653,0.0001894043,0.001370164,0.001361641],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.996623,0.0004263805,0.0001257345,0.0000921211,0.001177424,0.00155535],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000044857,0.00005328651,0.0003359573,0.00000314057,0.000002287618,0.00007616598,0.000593237,2.543142e-7,0.0001627856,0.9960704,0.0002682545,0.002429743],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003884643,0.0003963315,0.06107782,0.0003716698,0.0000261834,0.001234832,0.002351418,0.0001078503,0.0009964908,0.9172811,0.0154299,0.0003379231],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.5987308,0.0002037676,0.003124072,0.01890272,0.001793471,0.0001068144,0.000008576312,0.00005449188,0.3770753],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99349,0.00001352202,0.001378653,0.00257587,0.0024052,3.484237e-7,5.889309e-8,0.000004992033,0.0001313462],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3947592,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998783,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2170928462","doi":"10.1017/s0007123404220178","title":"Which Matters Most? Comparing the Impact of Issues and the Economy in American, British and Canadian Elections","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"British Journal of Political Science","topic":"Electoral Systems and Political Participation","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":44,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; McGill University; Université de Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Skepticism; Voting; Position (finance); Positive economics; Political science; Democracy; Affect (linguistics); Economics; Political economy; Sociology; Law; Politics; Epistemology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01954038740046837,"gpt":0.3411408780964516,"spread":0.3216004906959832,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001848426,0.00004796994,0.0001930244,0.00006960396,0.0005519828,0.0004264199,0.0002150566,0.00002249287,0.0000126636],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009095569,0.00003735798,0.00003549431,0.000628881,0.003262216,0.0003332736,0.00002145109,0.0001873673,6.437709e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004058013,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001024695,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9870051,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.936087,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986038,0.0001690288,0.0002989618,0.00009582128,0.0002139556,0.0006184667],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989175,0.000186392,0.00009797935,0.00004757447,0.0002257931,0.000524818],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001133438,0.00004732455,0.2610016,0.000008515203,0.00001816638,0.00002202352,0.002016081,0.0001979385,0.00007541609,0.733747,0.0003196934,0.002534981],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003533662,0.00006562848,0.9646369,0.0001085769,0.000007928638,0.0003177555,0.0009693848,0.0001017224,0.00001566035,0.03321074,0.0001547928,0.00005757543],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9743235,0.0002451314,0.00001702977,0.02243239,0.00004218694,0.0001055251,0.000003834998,0.000002260253,0.002828168],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994087,0.0000461543,0.00002808815,0.0003896527,0.0001084564,0.000002139511,8.763324e-8,0.000002562819,0.00001412294],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7036353,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9994503,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2124336077","doi":"10.1017/s000712340500013x","title":"Interpreting a Bill of Rights: The Importance of Legislative Rights Review","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"British Journal of Political Science","topic":"Judicial and Constitutional Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":37,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Political science; Legislature; Legislation; Judgement; Law and economics; Bill of rights; Law; Politics; Fundamental rights; Parliament; Human rights; Premise; State (computer science); Welfare rights; Judicial review; Social rights; Reservation of rights; Right to property; Sociology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0211615574922424,"gpt":0.3325517148328495,"spread":0.3113901573406071,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002786546,0.00005827101,0.0002639546,0.00004039651,0.0006515577,0.0000323837,0.0005816093,0.00002372566,0.0001134602],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002432799,0.00003507979,0.0001258447,0.0005312415,0.006000887,0.0004277707,0.00007319123,0.0001643313,0.000002773615],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001372147,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005446046,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02084609,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005763298,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9978555,0.0001321563,0.0005848072,0.0001075678,0.0009178925,0.0004020857],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982253,0.0003262029,0.0003849654,0.00006513399,0.0008112402,0.0001871277],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000384039,0.00005062377,0.001064836,0.000009180688,0.00001166391,0.00001324945,0.0007270758,8.706712e-7,0.00005674107,0.9949154,0.0007250528,0.002421483],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000382642,0.0002209518,0.04215971,0.01025272,0.0001272545,0.00048745,0.002102596,0.00002060989,0.001305216,0.8442543,0.09838395,0.0003026357],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3647938,0.05269492,0.0004667172,0.04872003,0.0006726942,0.0004675869,0.00004265322,0.00001697461,0.5321246],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9977123,0.000912764,0.0003743692,0.0007017221,0.0002638305,0.000001011511,4.877657e-8,0.000001096671,0.00003289814],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6329185,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9967042,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2977839676","doi":"10.1017/s0007123419000127","title":"Voters Punish Politicians with Depression","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"British Journal of Political Science","topic":"Historical Psychiatry and Medical Practices","field":"Psychology","cited_by":36,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Content (measure theory); Depression (economics); Political science; Internet privacy; Business; Psychology; Computer security; Computer science; Law and economics; Economics; Mathematics; Keynesian economics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01101432091072875,"gpt":0.3141470751231363,"spread":0.3031327542124075,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001144898,0.00009411121,0.0002270007,0.0001091679,0.0001713735,0.0001020558,0.0005687219,0.00007936682,0.001516493],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000692141,0.00007763572,0.00007474599,0.0003963201,0.000854597,0.0005891608,0.00004091844,0.0005982463,0.0002250004],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000174454,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003746735,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001073407,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003058067,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9974273,0.0001178002,0.0003727055,0.0002615675,0.000861976,0.0009586689],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9979367,0.0002715095,0.000194234,0.0001823576,0.0002202874,0.001194956],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000477438,0.001516089,0.06426382,0.00005804478,0.00008112985,0.00304044,0.0007485846,0.000007165424,0.002396729,0.8564927,0.0150026,0.05591523],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003297646,0.002276879,0.8740559,0.0008103834,0.0001257578,0.02817009,0.00361896,0.00002599442,0.0003085033,0.01162344,0.07509369,0.000592721],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7965813,0.0004012113,0.0008841433,0.00220977,0.002642221,0.00009376576,0.000004457136,0.00001735879,0.1971658],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.995255,0.000005429004,0.0007751634,0.002017837,0.0004541238,0.000001011118,2.148707e-7,0.000009347921,0.001481894],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8448693,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9993963,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3204177307","doi":"10.1017/s0007123421000405","title":"Global Capital Cycles and Market Discipline: Perceptions of Developing-Country Borrowers","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"British Journal of Political Science","topic":"Global Financial Crisis and Policies","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":35,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"","keywords":"Market liquidity; Capital market; Conditionality; Bond market; Developing country; Financial market; Bond; Business; Debt; Financial system; Emerging markets; Monetary economics; International economics; Economics; Finance; Politics; Economic growth","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01075450357544084,"gpt":0.2567240300649045,"spread":0.2459695264894636,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006383979,0.00007332942,0.0002882169,0.00006627866,0.0001789768,0.0001747128,0.0002341389,0.0000473895,0.0001551971],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009526391,0.00008713976,0.00008176873,0.0004780119,0.0007798052,0.0003562192,0.0001264367,0.00009424268,0.000005678873],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001955235,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000278045,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001165992,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002802828,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986672,0.00001281229,0.0005672353,0.0001761747,0.0001228772,0.0004536453],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991915,0.00003418522,0.000187899,0.0000840195,0.0002200459,0.0002823109],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000002954805,0.00003996509,0.0903926,0.00001408002,0.000005693746,0.00004148232,0.00007499451,0.000002149476,0.00003900918,0.9078466,0.0008618508,0.0006786061],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001596564,0.00003447422,0.9103211,0.0000671083,0.000004967679,0.001065843,0.0007305217,0.0000224415,0.00004077972,0.08616965,0.001280716,0.0001027133],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9810956,0.002059999,0.0006434274,0.001160224,0.0003203504,0.00002355561,0.0004059078,0.000003201299,0.01428779],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9973333,0.0003999984,0.001810021,0.0002735603,0.000112384,3.840053e-7,9.175985e-7,0.000003342478,0.00006605728],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.821677,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3553456,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3135669602","doi":"10.1017/s0007123420000757","title":"Incumbents Beware: The Impact of Offshoring on Elections","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"British Journal of Political Science","topic":"European Union Policy and Governance","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":34,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"New York University Abu Dhabi; Harvard University; University of Oxford; York University; Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas; Yale University","keywords":"Offshoring; Globalization; Government (linguistics); Politics; Democracy; Production (economics); Business; Political economy; Economics; Market economy; Political science; Marketing; Law; Outsourcing; Microeconomics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02847633322954283,"gpt":0.3661992779293446,"spread":0.3377229446998017,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001588795,0.00004893589,0.0001186474,0.00004597503,0.0006465556,0.0001637044,0.0005179882,0.00002394032,0.0001190119],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00558864,0.00003961768,0.0001452683,0.0008330753,0.001216381,0.0003188117,0.00005860062,0.0002669737,0.000006381329],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000279389,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001482237,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00962117,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006133709,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9980718,0.0002142208,0.000274905,0.0001056836,0.0008030318,0.0005303549],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985988,0.0002510249,0.0001610333,0.0001008861,0.0005281507,0.0003601604],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007089132,0.0001672967,0.004231739,0.000002335681,0.00001267507,0.0001287481,0.0006095311,0.00005240134,0.001628498,0.9860741,0.001316286,0.00576925],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002107953,0.0001722071,0.9781628,0.0002121163,0.00001024284,0.0005945116,0.0008922994,0.00001222183,0.003883437,0.01225995,0.003495132,0.00009433171],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8990288,0.0001462099,0.00007700103,0.001407131,0.0002535979,0.00003220377,0.00001475027,0.000005194786,0.09903512],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985718,0.0001300996,0.00006121962,0.0003053659,0.0003525537,2.325982e-7,7.350276e-8,0.000003399005,0.0005752792],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.973931,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9969739,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3135408956","doi":"10.1017/s0007123420000721","title":"Do Investor–State Disputes (Still) Harm FDI?","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"British Journal of Political Science","topic":"International Arbitration and Investment Law","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":33,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Expropriation; Harm; Foreign direct investment; Business; State (computer science); Investment (military); International investment; Monetary economics; Investor protection; International economics; Economics; Market economy; Law; Corporate governance; Political science; Finance; Macroeconomics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01940597732880649,"gpt":0.2583277603052211,"spread":0.2389217829764146,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["scholarly_communication"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006486865,0.00007434122,0.0001255649,0.0001230199,0.0001852381,0.001277485,0.0003589846,0.00001954706,0.0005622066],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001367058,0.00007456122,0.00008275822,0.0004514689,0.0004743968,0.002182668,0.0001250282,0.0001674,0.0001100426],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009052826,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002429947,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002854225,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000431545,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983059,0.00001092626,0.0003508142,0.0001621639,0.0007444776,0.0004256933],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986548,0.00003804965,0.00016026,0.00007093016,0.0009689545,0.0001070139],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003084436,0.00007731181,0.000902631,0.00001167092,0.000005498167,0.0003107137,0.00001058758,0.00000504643,0.002639633,0.9928868,0.001967163,0.001179897],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001363043,0.00005463791,0.2597789,0.0006351125,0.00005666867,0.003062944,0.0004038229,0.002602286,0.01101634,0.4681383,0.2523078,0.0005801597],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8340542,0.000207328,0.0004793401,0.006541134,0.00124097,0.00005124743,0.000005467718,0.00002449429,0.1573958],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9701101,0.00001300714,0.0006071237,0.02793194,0.0009112845,7.263909e-7,0.000001757151,0.000006241386,0.0004178834],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5247485,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997593,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2799294677","doi":"10.1017/s0007123418000236","title":"Do Voters Benchmark Economic Performance?","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"British Journal of Political Science","topic":"Electoral Systems and Political Participation","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Benchmark (surveying); Computer science; Content (measure theory); Geography; Mathematics; Cartography","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01917974548512576,"gpt":0.3193083145580545,"spread":0.3001285690729287,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002625056,0.00006439673,0.000183548,0.00008864167,0.0003632336,0.0003585179,0.0004528487,0.00005709938,0.0008840975],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004740542,0.00006629965,0.00008125673,0.0002302714,0.000851164,0.0009155657,0.00003440583,0.0001917682,0.0002273284],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000626344,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009593579,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00905217,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005460755,"domain_scores_codex":[0.997693,0.0001114408,0.0004000957,0.0001538177,0.0006442214,0.0009974063],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985934,0.0001372691,0.0001288381,0.00008897061,0.0002169139,0.0008346211],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008671175,0.00003937005,0.08687799,0.00001436455,0.000005766226,0.00001656581,0.0003130593,0.00002627006,0.0005960751,0.9035297,0.0005412246,0.008030945],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000631416,0.0004995873,0.9560651,0.0003958902,0.00002365178,0.0003840949,0.001027688,0.0003478809,0.0009284646,0.0232168,0.0160899,0.0003894999],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9541165,0.00005171006,0.0000164727,0.001242762,0.0009788241,0.00008984944,0.000003139343,0.00000874843,0.04349205],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986301,0.00001363616,0.00009170823,0.0002128527,0.0006084315,9.2406e-7,1.809716e-7,0.000004372337,0.0004378015],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8803129,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9975466,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4386120544","doi":"10.1017/s0007123423000376","title":"Does Protest Influence Political Speech? Evidence from UK Climate Protest, 2017–2019","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"British Journal of Political Science","topic":"Social Media and Politics","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"University of Edinburgh","keywords":"Politics; Political science; Affect (linguistics); Period (music); Work (physics); Political economy; Sociology; Law; Communication","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03840723225993982,"gpt":0.3676734928235689,"spread":0.3292662605636291,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch","sts"],"consensus_categories":["sts"],"category_scores_codex":[0.003986303,0.0002169626,0.0004684405,0.0002583837,0.001418577,0.0009463101,0.001784318,0.0002206935,0.0002388715],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0385571,0.0001822337,0.0002024548,0.001680447,0.005776738,0.001555603,0.0003135632,0.0007627174,0.0003632348],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006946979,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.003140855,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0423705,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001494294,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9919245,0.0004463984,0.0008793889,0.0004854582,0.002736109,0.003528126],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9929546,0.002373859,0.0003135522,0.0002821662,0.001257403,0.002818496],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004852277,0.0002317743,0.2767356,0.00007802116,0.00003137472,0.003180106,0.004496468,0.000005547055,0.007647224,0.695803,0.003226131,0.008516303],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005244906,0.0002728817,0.7995713,0.002251091,0.00007624698,0.0004426501,0.01034867,0.00004681626,0.004977657,0.1773826,0.003437122,0.000668444],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9812621,0.0001415885,0.00003104327,0.01330682,0.00174277,0.0005000373,0.0001401242,0.0001157674,0.002759718],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9943617,0.0003127712,0.001339216,0.0009863738,0.002727273,0.0000177405,0.000001779495,0.00001886768,0.0002342849],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5228357,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998814,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2152786995","doi":"10.1017/s0007123411000238","title":"The New Regionalism and Policy Interdependence","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"British Journal of Political Science","topic":"Global trade and economics","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Regionalism (politics); Argument (complex analysis); International trade; International economics; Economics; Competition (biology); Competition policy; Market access; Trade diversion; Economic integration; Political science; International free trade agreement; Geography; Politics; European union","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.07247812081627134,"gpt":0.2465840240872527,"spread":0.1741059032709814,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001058779,0.00005792721,0.0001542278,0.00009142234,0.0002246628,0.0002546959,0.0005659788,0.00003278042,0.00005490646],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009014103,0.00005638292,0.00006016851,0.0001864919,0.0007430053,0.000503735,0.00009953242,0.0001633034,0.00004320405],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001220926,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001899463,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003545553,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000886503,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998807,0.000007128727,0.0004606229,0.0001547232,0.00005853304,0.0005119994],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999064,0.00005039039,0.000199676,0.0001031015,0.00005247231,0.0005304161],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003856301,0.00001216931,0.001995639,0.000001127413,0.00000428125,0.00002102275,0.00007767843,1.692877e-7,0.000004920106,0.9937444,0.0006779767,0.003456736],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001841809,0.00006422919,0.2273334,0.00002488811,0.000001807351,0.00232516,0.000117264,0.00003505257,0.00006076034,0.7586457,0.01112379,0.00008377129],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8320609,0.006032692,0.002141011,0.01693089,0.001161948,0.000105398,0.0000336246,0.00001428792,0.1415193],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.997104,0.0005633692,0.0008973626,0.0008437842,0.000253847,3.002483e-7,4.689791e-8,0.000003977432,0.0003333518],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2350987,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.535984,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2074487618","doi":"10.1017/s0007123406000299","title":"Demotion and Dissent in the Canadian Liberal Party","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"British Journal of Political Science","topic":"Political Systems and Governance","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Parliament; Cabinet (room); Political science; Loyalty; Dissent; Law; Ideology; Law and economics; Politics; Sociology; Engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01226386701259396,"gpt":0.2806476569936694,"spread":0.2683837899810754,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002727923,0.00004250723,0.0000969356,0.0000504661,0.0006209238,0.0004385477,0.0003225238,0.00004092158,0.00001885398],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009461736,0.00003418767,0.00003147179,0.0003208319,0.001457333,0.00037817,0.00001457914,0.0001811473,0.000002724938],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004276079,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000755941,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9247382,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9071434,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979897,0.0001502995,0.0002480233,0.00009819293,0.0006852109,0.0008285452],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990962,0.0001216218,0.00005938756,0.00004475345,0.00010879,0.000569235],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[5.471283e-7,0.00002087612,0.01886778,0.000001508609,3.353243e-7,0.0001176387,0.000195023,6.59691e-7,0.00001462315,0.9791198,0.0004787796,0.001182373],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009257279,0.00001775699,0.9285587,0.00005897625,0.000002240713,0.0003368245,0.0002932918,0.00001225246,0.00000825797,0.05848918,0.01207902,0.00005094402],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9441073,0.000198077,0.00001883208,0.01257439,0.0001652606,0.00006738929,0.000006587912,0.000002549926,0.04285965],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986664,0.00001243389,0.00005904206,0.000641974,0.0004238634,8.167713e-7,1.013546e-7,0.000001678471,0.0001937039],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9206307,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5369604,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2145631578","doi":"10.1017/s0007123405000220","title":"When Far Apart Becomes Too Far Apart: Evidence for a Threshold Effect in Coalition Formation","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"British Journal of Political Science","topic":"Electoral Systems and Political Participation","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Compromise; Imperfect; Government (linguistics); Structuring; Economics; Political science; Law","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.07822259171328162,"gpt":0.4007341809639051,"spread":0.3225115892506235,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.006290129,0.0001113534,0.0003029448,0.0001604037,0.0005173718,0.0004327193,0.0004402162,0.0001025939,0.00006946865],"category_scores_gemma":[0.005107259,0.0001111765,0.0001351508,0.0004223605,0.0007133735,0.002757175,0.00003380267,0.0002242382,0.00002316506],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009078642,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004728198,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.007009054,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01033879,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9965332,0.0002958746,0.0007507022,0.0002102328,0.0009902323,0.001219739],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9977442,0.0008198113,0.0002079493,0.00009826235,0.00044957,0.0006801919],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008628186,0.0001885399,0.01480954,0.000105928,0.000008244181,0.00002390339,0.001757858,0.00007829601,0.002425759,0.9573856,0.004271674,0.01885838],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005476655,0.003620704,0.5631136,0.004728947,0.0002329546,0.000787832,0.002316174,0.0125189,0.01711135,0.2911759,0.09703694,0.001879991],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9755713,0.0006151751,0.003342604,0.01640907,0.0004258737,0.0006458461,0.00001527292,0.00002855754,0.002946263],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9969597,0.00003452031,0.000540994,0.001503591,0.0007784746,0.00002805014,0.000001178501,0.00000681459,0.0001466805],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6662096,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996033,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3012475823","doi":"10.1017/s0007123419000589","title":"Material Interests, Identity and Linked Fate in Three Countries","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"British Journal of Political Science","topic":"Culture, Economy, and Development Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Bridge (graph theory); Identity (music); Social psychology; Politics; Ethnic group; Social identity theory; Cognition; Collective identity; Social identity approach; Psychology; Observational study; Religious identity; Social group; Sociology; Positive economics; Political science; Economics; Law; Aesthetics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04670030608121272,"gpt":0.3248662557795621,"spread":0.2781659496983493,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001189077,0.00005699071,0.0001854363,0.000044438,0.0004078173,0.0006110064,0.0003276016,0.00003612267,0.0001142289],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001433529,0.00005804728,0.00002853424,0.0002354988,0.001636768,0.001068994,0.0001340834,0.0001363298,0.000007628599],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001304723,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003485008,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003347061,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.009940064,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986119,0.00004382236,0.0003192723,0.0001428595,0.0004051061,0.0004770432],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992271,0.00005786807,0.00008566464,0.00002458644,0.0001708225,0.0004339493],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003357505,0.00004546143,0.1624488,0.00002813838,0.00001269221,0.0003165645,0.007174255,5.427771e-7,0.0002165682,0.8257828,0.0008928369,0.003047676],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003529343,0.00005038348,0.9538249,0.00011528,0.000006462661,0.00008590168,0.005178528,0.000006769007,0.00009025942,0.03460875,0.005547694,0.0001321265],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9866194,0.0002592732,0.0001078976,0.00790394,0.0003370508,0.00006313092,0.000008757856,0.000009060678,0.004691467],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9979841,0.0003459246,0.00027615,0.0009953249,0.0003757938,6.934785e-7,1.284421e-7,0.000002025937,0.00001986526],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7913761,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6030738,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1981282433","doi":"10.1017/s0007123408000094","title":"When to Coalesce: Early Versus Late Coalition Announcement in an Experimental Democracy","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"British Journal of Political Science","topic":"Electoral Systems and Political Participation","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Ideal (ethics); Democracy; Quarter (Canadian coin); Multi-party system; Ideal point; Government (linguistics); Political science; Point (geometry); Political economy; Politics; Law and economics; Economics; Law","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05997758551996048,"gpt":0.4048742977799636,"spread":0.3448967122600031,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00448407,0.00007845741,0.0001708357,0.0001572207,0.0004364367,0.000333233,0.0003736138,0.00006422457,0.0001047389],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009260578,0.00008797573,0.00004834146,0.0004843337,0.0006306959,0.001051835,0.00003807659,0.0001905575,0.00002314379],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001042271,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004325024,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02972317,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01323636,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9966992,0.0001889991,0.0005472045,0.0001923754,0.001128555,0.001243637],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9977899,0.0001617962,0.00009945309,0.00007936037,0.0003857078,0.001483765],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003726765,0.000721989,0.04451169,0.000009508608,0.000006120198,0.0004123936,0.006532116,0.00002073483,0.02768859,0.9138694,0.0003803237,0.005474417],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001730393,0.002418456,0.9585891,0.0003380289,0.00001509056,0.00007306314,0.004807482,0.00004661695,0.006726899,0.02237287,0.002451962,0.0004300001],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9936004,0.00004074238,0.0004665433,0.001756913,0.0005895159,0.0001604145,0.000005950702,0.00001200256,0.003367552],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984641,0.000001257734,0.0005392524,0.0003780343,0.0005199686,0.000002088904,6.016833e-7,0.000005267351,0.00008943641],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9140775,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.976738,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2137365216","doi":"10.1017/s0007123412000737","title":"Political Investment: Remittances and Elections","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"British Journal of Political Science","topic":"Migration and Labor Dynamics","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; University of British Columbia Hospital","funders":"","keywords":"Remittance; Politics; Developing country; Investment (military); Economics; Development economics; Foreign direct investment; Political science; Economic growth; Macroeconomics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01746640278607604,"gpt":0.3246055706736052,"spread":0.3071391678875292,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001997239,0.0000509567,0.0001095501,0.0000882081,0.0006912266,0.0002553241,0.000215467,0.00004719914,0.00009484698],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002412449,0.00005224282,0.00003841715,0.0005303475,0.002116809,0.0009512056,0.0000293921,0.0001944518,0.000005147339],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002504202,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005395518,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0012017,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001154081,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9978878,0.0001184487,0.0002438819,0.00009131293,0.0006254477,0.001033048],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9978486,0.0001308188,0.00007022532,0.00004631763,0.0002833164,0.001620677],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000001000951,0.00004582618,0.004942373,0.000001565314,0.000001859178,0.000005194348,0.0005382164,9.701959e-8,0.000134345,0.9930091,0.0002687697,0.001051642],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000710559,0.0002289972,0.5821331,0.0002245704,0.00007262507,0.003454844,0.02586107,0.0002139182,0.0006257684,0.2564557,0.1294637,0.000555213],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8742679,0.0007828896,0.00049246,0.005746578,0.0005752158,0.00006712775,0.000006917675,0.00001943779,0.1180414],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9960783,0.00009344308,0.001100241,0.001773894,0.0006046821,7.288377e-7,1.368566e-7,0.000003022529,0.0003455551],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7365534,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.779947,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3038826502","doi":"10.1017/s0007123420000071","title":"Addressing Monotone Likelihood in Duration Modelling of Political Events","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"British Journal of Political Science","topic":"Electoral Systems and Political Participation","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Covariate; Duration (music); Monotone polygon; Econometrics; Monotonic function; Maximum likelihood; Accelerated failure time model; Mathematics; Exposition (narrative); Statistics; Applied mathematics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1325506961041218,"gpt":0.3827949976764211,"spread":0.2502443015722993,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002068923,0.00007867954,0.0002843791,0.0001024151,0.000233211,0.000118286,0.0003498501,0.00008443286,0.000048809],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002971241,0.00008581399,0.00008622373,0.0007129587,0.0007147051,0.0007589986,0.0000404723,0.0002852046,0.000006166361],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003400564,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008908804,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02132228,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008180813,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9964458,0.000273581,0.0008570247,0.0001776949,0.001071479,0.001174395],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9977378,0.0001947134,0.0002067347,0.0000572334,0.000478051,0.001325427],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000222496,0.0001369573,0.01362024,0.0000356027,0.000004337091,0.00004710523,0.0009718286,0.0002314771,0.002936773,0.9806655,0.00002572613,0.001302181],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002990006,0.001287082,0.4961326,0.003101022,0.000111811,0.0003030269,0.006977647,0.05078648,0.01974118,0.4169953,0.0005097947,0.001064041],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9824018,0.00009350514,0.007616021,0.007123986,0.0001574966,0.00012807,0.000007035816,0.000009994787,0.00246206],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984533,0.000006710619,0.0006436051,0.0003933808,0.0004866384,0.000001567679,3.795818e-7,0.0000060437,0.000008352606],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5636703,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9851948,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4200118932","doi":"10.1017/s0007123421000557","title":"Phantom Pains: The Effect of Police Killings of Black Americans on Black British Attitudes","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"British Journal of Political Science","topic":"Policing Practices and Perceptions","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Diaspora; Politics; Metropolitan area; White (mutation); Political science; Race (biology); Gender studies; Racial politics; Sociology; History; Law","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03189783447531191,"gpt":0.380678473289365,"spread":0.3487806388140531,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00372856,0.00009400199,0.00035208,0.00007862508,0.0005195744,0.0003056015,0.0007704361,0.00006225929,0.0002553876],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004267526,0.00008746485,0.0002169722,0.001027907,0.006438542,0.0004771058,0.00008299609,0.0003601061,0.0000110319],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001515621,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008195441,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.2151286,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01952541,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9966257,0.0006417279,0.0005172323,0.0001978456,0.001259216,0.0007582319],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9967332,0.001613884,0.000382646,0.0001641788,0.0006145678,0.000491515],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003376539,0.003909531,0.1265114,0.0008320158,0.0005519751,0.001066464,0.1247803,0.001228977,0.09851664,0.3675684,0.01576673,0.25893],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001271268,0.001963779,0.9474246,0.002615288,0.0002518178,0.001423548,0.02156737,0.0001290033,0.01238421,0.002638027,0.007832555,0.0004985739],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9827575,0.0001004627,0.00009926682,0.00240318,0.0002020213,0.00009070915,0.00003765688,0.000008128203,0.01430109],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.997703,0.0005792822,0.0002280472,0.000739257,0.0004335605,8.800112e-7,3.770169e-7,0.000007435252,0.0003082162],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8209132,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9983657,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4284880057","doi":"10.1017/s0007123422000266","title":"The Politics of Intersecting Crises: The Effect of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Climate Policy Preferences","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"British Journal of Political Science","topic":"Climate Change Communication and Perception","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; Université de Montréal","funders":"University of California, Santa Barbara; University of Ottawa","keywords":"Climate change; Framing (construction); Pandemic; Public policy; Political science; Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); Politics; Government (linguistics); Complementarity (molecular biology); Public opinion; Political economy; Development economics; Economics; Public economics; Economic growth; Geography; Infectious disease (medical specialty)","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.2953533713543621,"gpt":0.4802217272773853,"spread":0.1848683559230232,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch","sts"],"consensus_categories":["sts"],"category_scores_codex":[0.009007713,0.00006468719,0.0001525736,0.00007926914,0.004118497,0.0001485993,0.001972517,0.00002741263,0.0001286612],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01224009,0.00003713684,0.0001449059,0.0007456461,0.003542092,0.0001278355,0.0004462843,0.0004575713,9.858288e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007213876,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000962279,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01172027,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002790177,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9961253,0.001724124,0.0004349098,0.0001002987,0.001076241,0.0005391636],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.995907,0.002979488,0.0004139871,0.0002376021,0.0002071388,0.0002547553],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001015259,0.0001297891,0.06144029,0.0000654125,0.00002053078,0.000004527453,0.02676682,0.00008933463,0.001089401,0.8778152,0.0008292985,0.03164789],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002521094,0.003753253,0.3732781,0.0009220152,0.000204523,0.002162924,0.4067023,0.0003982999,0.001345978,0.1125457,0.09550248,0.0006634355],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9745934,0.0001883689,0.000009073829,0.01555722,0.0003963251,0.0001839246,0.00004538819,0.000007845472,0.00901843],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9975945,0.0008642942,0.000005448467,0.001292575,0.0001759028,0.000005934009,2.890606e-7,0.00000356857,0.00005750109],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7652695,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9991697,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4293086800","doi":"10.1017/s0007123422000023","title":"Political Understanding","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"British Journal of Political Science","topic":"Misinformation and Its Impacts","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"McGill University","keywords":"Politics; Ignorance; Democracy; Narrative; Political science; Citizen journalism; Public opinion; Epistemology; Participatory democracy; Environmental ethics; Sociology; Positive economics; Law; Philosophy; Economics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.07141111241041545,"gpt":0.3573488681750634,"spread":0.285937755764648,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004406648,0.00004681904,0.0001173752,0.0001732031,0.002135738,0.0004065917,0.0006020701,0.0000217763,0.001572844],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003101604,0.00005374128,0.00007260898,0.000709017,0.00141105,0.0008963721,0.0001195042,0.0003410856,0.000009713117],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001992818,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001901361,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009672294,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005349022,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9964371,0.0001735936,0.0003335364,0.00008651515,0.001823257,0.00114597],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981173,0.0001587138,0.0001103515,0.00005923562,0.0001789466,0.001375404],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003245996,0.00003334596,0.0000793867,0.000001284264,0.000001556076,0.00005522355,0.001064033,0.00000290762,0.00003777142,0.9963733,0.00143778,0.0009101928],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001043235,0.0004403253,0.03103713,0.00008851083,0.00002470829,0.005592256,0.3269421,0.0002089381,0.0001946084,0.5828058,0.05120081,0.0004216204],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3021511,0.00008309191,0.003342126,0.01903148,0.001382959,0.0001208303,0.00002289902,0.00003709795,0.6738285],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9969769,0.000004966706,0.0002284281,0.002244908,0.0002460814,2.618444e-7,1.910752e-7,0.000003219177,0.0002950197],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6948259,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9993399,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2148578131","doi":"10.1017/s0007123415000368","title":"Unity in Diversity? The Development of Political Parties in the Parliament of Canada, 1867–2011","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"British Journal of Political Science","topic":"Electoral Systems and Political Participation","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Parliament; Legislature; House of Commons; Political science; Incentive; Voting; Consolidation (business); Political economy; Politics; Public administration; Cohesion (chemistry); Commons; Diversity (politics); Economics; Law; Market economy","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.08685958456956185,"gpt":0.331835033292249,"spread":0.2449754487226872,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.007142515,0.00005947701,0.0002032853,0.00006439561,0.000333674,0.00005060231,0.0006793258,0.00003900257,0.00002340165],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002478081,0.00004202211,0.00003580576,0.0004350736,0.001484411,0.0002198973,0.0001153324,0.0001816845,9.630763e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008050756,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.004871573,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.8671481,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.8861524,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9963002,0.0005423753,0.0006361027,0.00009131274,0.001542541,0.0008875082],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998395,0.0004293621,0.0001501614,0.00008473433,0.0004215521,0.0005192244],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001158838,0.000146171,0.1357516,0.00001158199,0.000003688775,0.00002464726,0.007431044,0.0000105884,0.00003287311,0.8557978,0.0003173677,0.0004610178],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002478972,0.00007756744,0.9533876,0.0001238641,0.000007563075,0.00002167056,0.02069211,0.00001856104,0.0005380065,0.02428861,0.0005192064,0.00007733325],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9894106,0.00006210607,0.00002853943,0.005701556,0.0001509147,0.0001075967,0.000004822547,0.000001266987,0.004532638],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995619,0.0000011427,0.00006995373,0.0002512337,0.00007935792,0.00000186066,1.213912e-7,0.000001638379,0.00003277485],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8315092,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8641961,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3008344500","doi":"10.1017/s0007123419000632","title":"Primaries Through the Looking Glass: The Electoral Effects of Opening the Selection of Top Candidates","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"British Journal of Political Science","topic":"Electoral Systems and Political Participation","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Selection (genetic algorithm); Primary election; Politics; Political science; General election; Positive economics; Economics; Law; Computer science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02354772481336268,"gpt":0.330253372151148,"spread":0.3067056473377853,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001927067,0.00006831064,0.0002016888,0.00001703332,0.0009267345,0.000248874,0.0006978881,0.00004022917,0.00003332924],"category_scores_gemma":[0.005719498,0.00003782466,0.00009244732,0.0007957303,0.002365973,0.0004590733,0.00006700652,0.0002848105,0.000001453488],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001205672,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007214844,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.03634093,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001915046,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9974555,0.0004900091,0.0004497412,0.0001096006,0.0008991032,0.0005960325],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9978006,0.001178661,0.0002883809,0.00007281028,0.0004576225,0.0002019024],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003051046,0.00005102798,0.03681418,0.00006800215,0.0000307652,0.00001075234,0.006608716,0.00003020746,0.01609484,0.937155,0.0006537861,0.002452239],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001119438,0.00180826,0.6933811,0.001246406,0.0003419597,0.0004471352,0.007744285,0.001208276,0.2155451,0.06622224,0.01041946,0.0005164474],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9819278,0.0003949259,0.0005851553,0.01500088,0.0002449357,0.0002290316,0.000002548182,0.00000677226,0.001607995],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987499,0.00001051771,0.00006785576,0.0006324517,0.0005047591,0.000003027999,9.954558e-8,0.000003981096,0.0000274313],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8709328,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9700761,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2109759438","doi":"10.1017/s0007123412000579","title":"Sorting Out Mechanical and Psychological Effects in Candidate Elections: An Appraisal with Experimental Data","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"British Journal of Political Science","topic":"Electoral Systems and Political Participation","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal","funders":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche","keywords":"Condorcet method; Sorting; Measure (data warehouse); Disadvantage; Econometrics; Psychology; Computer science; Social psychology; Economics; Artificial intelligence; Data mining; Algorithm; Voting; Political science; Law","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.07731461782229494,"gpt":0.4373069672613052,"spread":0.3599923494390103,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001876312,0.00007722783,0.0001949682,0.00007175223,0.0004084236,0.0004427439,0.0004517597,0.00006712536,0.00005942141],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002219243,0.00006598479,0.00001773729,0.0003027667,0.001020367,0.001538075,0.00007448408,0.0002685646,0.000006575271],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014711,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002187978,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.03160069,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.009018335,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9975402,0.0003167008,0.0003753792,0.0002784908,0.0006103815,0.0008788895],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983997,0.0002809181,0.0001006345,0.0001267008,0.0001582445,0.0009338553],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005130663,0.001262869,0.04243044,0.0000234339,0.0000130396,0.000275112,0.001761112,0.000003993342,0.02339235,0.9161451,0.0002537055,0.01438752],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0023535,0.003971536,0.9385687,0.0006677422,0.00004216724,0.001945875,0.006116011,0.002603747,0.003380475,0.03925725,0.0003488496,0.0007441409],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9975385,0.0000767143,0.0003943784,0.0007585896,0.0002087708,0.0001699194,0.000002131407,0.00001290989,0.0008380837],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985213,0.000003868434,0.0009651726,0.0001745129,0.0003071472,0.000007914668,6.476821e-7,0.00000484235,0.00001457123],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8961383,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.974848,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2981363627","doi":"10.1017/s0007123419000462","title":"Does Electing Extremist Parties Increase Violence and Intolerance?","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"British Journal of Political Science","topic":"Terrorism, Counterterrorism, and Political Violence","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Computer security; Internet privacy; Content (measure theory); Business; Political science; Computer science; Criminology; Psychology; Mathematics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.009307994396940703,"gpt":0.2882361888342629,"spread":0.2789281944373222,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002688098,0.000134922,0.0003038862,0.0001069429,0.0006508842,0.000539459,0.0006981486,0.00008664351,0.0002451973],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002436603,0.000108291,0.00008656825,0.0003954924,0.002632937,0.001141481,0.0001104684,0.000423584,0.00001771229],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002619876,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007603787,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01215254,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008028168,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9965601,0.0002004508,0.0005107551,0.0003247792,0.001049495,0.001354409],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9975821,0.0003982267,0.0001826739,0.0001411418,0.0004707367,0.001225141],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001651796,0.0005550763,0.3661076,0.0002503105,0.00004860091,0.0008874813,0.03276257,0.000006938756,0.01174283,0.2069265,0.0003139117,0.380233],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001978632,0.0007098991,0.6854031,0.009193115,0.0001094048,0.002456717,0.1863129,0.0005639682,0.004585542,0.1016756,0.005415011,0.001596138],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9942656,0.0006013848,0.000164204,0.001266535,0.0009172369,0.0001103491,0.000007924265,0.00002700433,0.002639718],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9976919,0.0006794544,0.0001269373,0.0006741629,0.0006406427,0.000002001899,1.413668e-7,0.000008155971,0.0001765996],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3786368,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9944256,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}