{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":1535,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":10,"predictions_cover":1535,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12","author_layer_release":"2026-06-26"},"query_hash":"21b2011174d0","filters":{"venue":"Canadian Journal of Soil Science"}},"results":[{"id":"W2040442433","doi":"10.4141/s04-003","title":"Arbuscular mycorrhizae, glomalin, and soil aggregation","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Soil Science","topic":"Mycorrhizal Fungi and Plant Interactions","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":1027,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"U.S. Department of Agriculture; U.S. Department of Energy; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Glomalin; Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi; Soil health; Agroecosystem; Soil quality; Soil structure; Agronomy; Agroforestry; Environmental science; Agriculture; Biology; Soil organic matter; Soil water; Symbiosis; Arbuscular mycorrhizal; Ecology; Horticulture; Bacteria","authors":[{"name":"Matthias C. Rillig","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008670509346719736,"gpt":0.1915029725472941,"spread":0.1828324632005744,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004272842,0.0000767468,0.00009983448,0.0000697046,0.0004520181,0.000179218,0.0002773952,0.00004102419,0.0004288993],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003715199,0.0000329309,0.00004915245,0.0005456629,0.00007281273,0.0004748389,0.00001147635,0.0001371019,0.00005442682],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009143361,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000405422,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.05908418,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.1088102,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991702,0.00001579796,0.0001908206,0.0001327282,0.0002163573,0.0002740352],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988644,0.0001230476,0.0001182677,0.00003471519,0.0002134382,0.0006461018],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004528685,0.00006321845,0.6569775,0.00001761414,0.00002865848,0.0005526751,0.001130757,0.002932605,0.2331307,0.01637792,0.004023148,0.08471994],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006909892,0.001937283,0.7297042,0.00126065,0.0001201255,0.01019108,0.003917709,0.001181337,0.07196165,0.04739588,0.1301589,0.001480214],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9950778,0.0007604702,0.00002158185,0.001306028,0.0004449582,0.00004311589,0.000065759,0.000005042595,0.002275278],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990826,0.0002316447,0.0001181096,0.0003099477,0.000194662,6.011238e-7,0.00000816529,4.84431e-7,0.00005375843],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.161169,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9471815,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1893650257","doi":"10.4141/cjss2010-064","title":"The role of organic amendments in soil reclamation: A review","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Canadian Journal of Soil Science","topic":"Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":501,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Land reclamation; Biosolids; Environmental science; Soil conditioner; Amendment; Manure; Soil organic matter; Organic matter; Soil water; Soil functions; Soil management; Soil biodiversity; Environmental protection; Agronomy; Environmental engineering; Soil science; Chemistry; Geography","authors":[{"name":"Francis J. Larney","is_ca":true},{"name":"Denis A. Angers","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.034430162704365,"gpt":0.2565248660289712,"spread":0.2220947033246062,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002483858,0.0001728904,0.0006621793,0.00008501623,0.0002477086,0.00007945887,0.001278724,0.00009643967,0.000109208],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003028902,0.00005673887,0.0002466308,0.001878469,0.000391881,0.0001977989,0.00004077701,0.0003354434,0.00001526598],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003605648,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00162399,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00416668,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.2086416,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9980024,0.0001456962,0.0007811495,0.0001538282,0.0004454518,0.0004714449],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980932,0.000163352,0.0008609024,0.0001044115,0.0002500929,0.0005279689],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[4.081316e-7,0.000006743278,0.0006162061,0.0003647574,0.000007589499,0.000004250304,0.00002569846,1.704966e-7,0.00002198271,0.00008725064,0.00004190398,0.998823],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000375878,0.00007401057,0.001193774,0.01271985,0.0001462687,0.0002165913,0.0001290296,0.000009398589,0.00001290208,0.0002745775,0.984983,0.000203065],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.007495787,0.9909081,3.6151e-8,0.0001788507,0.0003125314,0.0001684451,0.00001250457,0.000001776444,0.0009220036],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.01013599,0.9895861,0.000006037578,0.00007752406,0.0001411122,0.000004653629,0.000003324442,0.000001498305,0.00004378401],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.99862,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8057986,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2124781214","doi":"10.4141/s04-002","title":"Arbuscular mycorrhizae and soil/plant water relations","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Soil Science","topic":"Mycorrhizal Fungi and Plant Interactions","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":433,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"U.S. Department of Agriculture","keywords":"Colonization; Phaseolus; Symbiosis; Stomatal conductance; Soil water; Biology; Agronomy; Water content; Loam; Botany; Ecology; Bacteria; Photosynthesis; Geology","authors":[{"name":"Robert M. Augé","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.00850127335198716,"gpt":0.1770943136591749,"spread":0.1685930403071877,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004056633,0.00007610225,0.00009822311,0.00007633521,0.0005845291,0.0001597444,0.0002604958,0.00004094156,0.001042951],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001684943,0.00002723861,0.00004997082,0.0003077076,0.00007288525,0.0004277308,0.0000143724,0.0001684155,0.0001507991],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008363903,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002613578,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.03421407,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.08279672,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991567,0.00001522108,0.0001900637,0.0001281377,0.0001839486,0.000325897],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990051,0.0001149098,0.00006234651,0.00003595868,0.0001402904,0.0006413538],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004198639,0.00007537958,0.4428352,0.00001235602,0.00004117152,0.0008301024,0.00296898,0.005590136,0.5078155,0.01980928,0.009113091,0.0108668],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005885079,0.001492008,0.4786125,0.0007957439,0.0001424443,0.01381707,0.003117242,0.0007777924,0.08311361,0.04959559,0.3664605,0.001486939],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9935382,0.0002978054,0.00001465171,0.002802999,0.0004165994,0.00004248501,0.0001464187,0.000005103502,0.002735744],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992704,0.0001118473,0.00007878438,0.0002490905,0.0001451936,6.786245e-7,0.00002253117,5.240923e-7,0.000120908],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4247019,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998702,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2067978462","doi":"10.4141/s03-009","title":"Influence of agricultural management on soil organic carbon: A compendium and assessment of Canadian studies","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Soil Science","topic":"Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":366,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Soil carbon; Tillage; Environmental science; Plough; Agriculture; Kyoto Protocol; Crop rotation; Carbon sequestration; Greenhouse gas; Agronomy; Stock (firearms); Agroforestry; Land use; Land use, land-use change and forestry; Soil water; Forestry; Geography; Crop; Soil science; Carbon dioxide; Engineering; Ecology","authors":[{"name":"A.J. VandenBygaart","is_ca":false},{"name":"E. G. Gregorich","is_ca":false},{"name":"Denis A. Angers","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01898430315722275,"gpt":0.2322541521523406,"spread":0.2132698489951179,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007293361,0.000129489,0.0002635294,0.0002528258,0.000216754,0.00003879154,0.0003925585,0.00004203134,0.00001777887],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000105787,0.00005660823,0.00005480535,0.001472945,0.0006147855,0.0001306454,0.0000222508,0.0001548928,4.870122e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002704104,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006616087,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.1577471,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.8861984,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986649,0.00005313412,0.0003175375,0.0001783759,0.0003969396,0.0003891715],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998428,0.00006318704,0.0002582642,0.00006348186,0.0004584617,0.0007286041],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002337653,0.0001430862,0.7790083,0.00016605,0.0003639033,0.0003890618,0.002790142,0.007466997,0.1639733,0.03545403,0.0006258169,0.009595927],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001420191,0.000310913,0.9916565,0.00008909764,0.000026065,0.00006899641,0.003174188,0.00007138371,0.003908276,0.0001452144,0.0002748366,0.0001325418],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9936243,0.0003720102,6.328916e-8,0.0006081964,0.0001296776,0.00007962602,0.00001213626,0.000002086932,0.005171947],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995389,0.0001565009,0.00009686903,0.0001469868,0.00002181297,0.000001094939,5.700713e-7,8.548884e-7,0.00003641684],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7284513,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8478616,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2174414043","doi":"10.4141/cjss2010-058","title":"Overview of Mollisols in the world: Distribution, land use and management","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Soil Science","topic":"Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":341,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada","funders":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","keywords":"Mollisol; Geography; Soil water; Tillage; China; Agroforestry; Forestry; Agronomy; Environmental science; Soil science; Biology; Archaeology","authors":[{"name":"Xiaobing Liu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Yuriy Kravchenko","is_ca":false},{"name":"Artigas Durán","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ted Huffman","is_ca":true},{"name":"Héctor José María Morrás","is_ca":false},{"name":"Guillermo Alberto Studdert","is_ca":false},{"name":"Xingyi Zhang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Richard M. Cruse","is_ca":false},{"name":"Xiaohui Yuan","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03787438298386443,"gpt":0.2439441328092515,"spread":0.2060697498253871,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009609168,0.00004422885,0.00007654562,0.00003915502,0.0001031788,0.0000708338,0.0002643665,0.00001346327,0.00001589326],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005799932,0.00001514311,0.00002673395,0.0008368776,0.0002294988,0.0002991238,0.00001481339,0.00006349185,6.293153e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004404347,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004425663,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01100006,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.2753331,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993554,0.0000333937,0.0001472734,0.00005366309,0.0001852128,0.0002250529],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995217,0.00006197807,0.00008157038,0.00003214117,0.00006775343,0.000234865],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000002227485,0.00001033676,0.9911687,0.000004114546,0.000002110071,0.000008234741,0.0001204137,0.000005986537,0.0001452013,0.003476447,0.0001702278,0.004885935],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000492539,0.00002332314,0.9954351,0.00002962943,0.000005556084,0.00003255131,0.0001940393,0.00005104064,0.00006500779,0.0001632349,0.003914241,0.00003704236],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9980202,0.0008865781,6.109319e-7,0.0006104099,0.00007962949,0.00004346597,0.00001677907,6.647336e-7,0.0003416762],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995548,0.0001608336,0.00002159347,0.0002010789,0.0000382469,6.231384e-7,0.000001309432,1.905066e-7,0.00002129755],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.264333,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9955858,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2042936357","doi":"10.4141/cjss06008","title":"Organic carbon, organic matter and bulk density relationships in boreal forest soils","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Soil Science","topic":"Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":321,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Ministère des Ressources naturelles et des Forêts (Québec)","funders":"Ministère des Ressources Naturelles et de la Faune","keywords":"Loam; Soil carbon; Soil water; Organic matter; Soil organic matter; Soil science; Bulk density; Total organic carbon; Environmental science; Environmental chemistry; Taiga; Loss on ignition; Boreal; Chemistry; Forestry; Ecology; Geography","authors":[{"name":"Catherine Périé","is_ca":true},{"name":"Rock Ouimet","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01867198228659277,"gpt":0.189746542569976,"spread":0.1710745602833832,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000649582,0.00009526656,0.0001476781,0.00009754931,0.0004000907,0.00006427592,0.0003119944,0.00006981789,0.00006161872],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002325828,0.00004577693,0.00003322279,0.0009625109,0.0005267606,0.0002207466,0.00002549263,0.0002794288,0.000008476893],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001776431,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005727244,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.04229444,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.8049361,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989305,0.00004526873,0.0002472943,0.0001692808,0.0002378161,0.0003699143],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989545,0.00007660373,0.0001137101,0.00005134859,0.0001801622,0.0006237046],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000002838521,0.000005262762,0.9946985,9.030482e-7,0.000001476306,0.00009789439,0.0002412053,0.000006793691,0.004544677,0.00004270082,0.00004663622,0.0003110869],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000959801,0.00005365861,0.9971146,0.00001407716,0.00000439785,0.0007855983,0.0002096367,0.0005897292,0.0004621812,0.0005366468,0.0000304611,0.0001030093],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9975602,0.0001466154,6.073319e-7,0.001034938,0.0001314117,0.00004299042,0.000002575132,0.000004134524,0.00107651],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999544,0.00003053931,0.00002615897,0.0002631837,0.00008548212,4.139404e-7,0.000001115341,0.000001117004,0.00004804479],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7626417,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.964083,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2094774002","doi":"10.4141/cjss06027","title":"Application of X-ray computed tomography to soil science: A literature review","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Canadian Journal of Soil Science","topic":"Clay minerals and soil interactions","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":316,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Soil science; Tomography; Computed tomography; Environmental science; Soil test; Computer science; Geology; Soil water; Radiology; Medicine","authors":[{"name":"Ioana A. Taina","is_ca":true},{"name":"Richard J. Heck","is_ca":true},{"name":"Trevor Elliot","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02417595279158288,"gpt":0.3120852997759879,"spread":0.2879093469844051,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002352445,0.0003649186,0.001448891,0.002604455,0.0007407533,0.0003965362,0.00291669,0.0001325616,0.00008211672],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006961678,0.0002765522,0.00052391,0.009324742,0.002029782,0.000871506,0.00009796197,0.0005358174,0.00005951117],"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005759677,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.01356497,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003948718,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005922416,"domain_scores_codex":[0.995993,0.0001018503,0.00141379,0.0006052307,0.001137211,0.0007489591],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9936619,0.00009775511,0.001369048,0.0007210724,0.002405304,0.001744863],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007247997,0.0001305262,0.00007747196,0.01926407,0.00004965994,0.0003236123,0.001575912,0.0006992641,0.004806342,0.001133087,0.03347901,0.9384538],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00007458947,0.0001361873,0.0001374243,0.07491916,0.0001305079,0.001696753,0.0000203628,0.00005245604,0.0002050382,0.00003274049,0.9221895,0.000405274],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0006498877,0.9960757,0.0001942815,0.0002308401,0.001405173,0.0004713847,0.0001199756,0.000009494071,0.0008432078],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.001996321,0.996182,0.00101899,0.0003843436,0.0002769863,0.00002210032,0.000006009846,0.00002060927,0.00009267477],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9380485,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999686,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2016141187","doi":"10.4141/s00-041","title":"Changes in soil carbon under long-term maize in monoculture and legume-based rotation","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Soil Science","topic":"Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":312,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada","funders":"Curtin University of Technology","keywords":"Monoculture; Agronomy; Crop rotation; Soil carbon; Soil organic matter; Legume; Soil water; Cropping system; Organic matter; Chemistry; Environmental science; Biology; Crop; Soil science","authors":[{"name":"E. G. Gregorich","is_ca":true},{"name":"C. F. Drury","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jeff Baldock","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01758273684400309,"gpt":0.2175576478752514,"spread":0.1999749110312483,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005285761,0.00009611207,0.0001358465,0.0001460443,0.0001037224,0.0001120451,0.0002520769,0.00006985573,0.00002580717],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006546202,0.00004532512,0.0000269064,0.001014096,0.0002415185,0.0001777782,0.00001043025,0.0001727605,6.726047e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002240776,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002837904,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.04099414,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9534518,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990298,0.00003806858,0.0001836974,0.0001682457,0.0002198145,0.0003604071],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993283,0.00003947421,0.0001009804,0.00003453685,0.0001001771,0.0003965224],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001114644,0.00001063797,0.9738184,0.000002193147,0.000001009526,0.0001251243,0.0001500822,0.0004007707,0.007722918,0.00003268079,0.000002246509,0.01772275],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002321265,0.00009863827,0.9949759,0.00005512067,0.000002962996,0.00007111934,0.0003875949,0.003146813,0.0006873712,0.0002142319,0.00002086812,0.0001073069],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9963261,0.0002956637,6.747192e-7,0.002701084,0.0001236245,0.00006044014,0.000002546654,0.000003207011,0.000486602],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993883,0.00008908351,0.0000151351,0.000400005,0.00007248039,0.000001792813,0.000001560651,7.920448e-7,0.00003086809],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9124576,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9653919,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2149498432","doi":"10.4141/s00-091","title":"Practical applications of ion exchange resins in agricultural and environmental soil research","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Soil Science","topic":"Soil and Water Nutrient Dynamics","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":306,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"University of Saskatchewan","keywords":"Ion-exchange resin; Agriculture; Environmental science; Soil fertility; Ion exchange; Environmental chemistry; Soil science; Chemistry; Soil water; Ion; Archaeology; Geography; Organic chemistry","authors":[{"name":"Pei‐Yuan Qian","is_ca":true},{"name":"J.J. Schoenau","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03558551942649186,"gpt":0.2647738109325005,"spread":0.2291882915060086,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001033831,0.00006573001,0.00009833519,0.000250216,0.0002447719,0.00004760224,0.0003106747,0.00004212138,0.0001347852],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008552149,0.0000519411,0.00002203489,0.0007834242,0.00177887,0.0005276131,0.00007030846,0.0002488529,0.00002832961],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000464561,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008707201,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.007547825,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01873522,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986241,0.00005359797,0.0002320863,0.0001747936,0.0005372576,0.0003781495],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991902,0.00005191408,0.00009703136,0.0001216774,0.00002185903,0.0005173425],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006529731,0.0001081617,0.9810418,0.000009409028,0.000002525176,0.00005259768,0.003162771,0.0004774264,0.002366599,0.0002505196,0.002294488,0.01022719],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003766462,0.0001862153,0.9880453,0.00003944452,0.000005817086,0.0003109212,0.002212422,0.002449985,0.001189494,0.001816089,0.003215693,0.0001519873],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9944928,0.0001443691,0.00002545873,0.00121999,0.00006065228,0.00009038935,0.000007590236,0.000001192457,0.00395756],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993707,0.0001300482,0.0002590141,0.00003091323,0.00003992637,0.000003593362,6.325395e-7,0.000003317626,0.0001618888],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0111874,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9991703,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2028022258","doi":"10.4141/s04-078","title":"The role of crop rotations in determining soil structure and crop growth conditions","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Soil Science","topic":"Soil Management and Crop Yield","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":288,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Crop rotation; Soil structure; Environmental science; Tillage; Crop residue; Crop; Agronomy; Crop yield; Agricultural engineering; Soil water; Soil science; Agriculture; Biology; Ecology; Engineering","authors":[{"name":"B.C. Ball","is_ca":false},{"name":"I. J. Bingham","is_ca":false},{"name":"Robert M. Rees","is_ca":false},{"name":"Christine Watson","is_ca":false},{"name":"Audrey Litterick","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008816944250385017,"gpt":0.2034460940835292,"spread":0.1946291498331442,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002977402,0.00005429276,0.00007625718,0.0000586901,0.0005317092,0.0001453411,0.0003496244,0.00002418691,0.00006148354],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001563283,0.00002118129,0.00002613146,0.0005082807,0.0005262385,0.0003095396,0.0000186386,0.0001024979,0.000001077461],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003757546,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001550799,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006524895,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.3894579,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993129,0.0000179964,0.0001956245,0.00008785818,0.0001594321,0.0002261957],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994152,0.00008573398,0.0001250951,0.00003044954,0.0001373671,0.0002061624],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007264409,0.00001506879,0.6604396,0.000003997301,0.000009490816,0.00001874765,0.001387619,0.0006358051,0.06293134,0.006458255,0.0003776288,0.2677152],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00008425473,0.00007372518,0.986828,0.00002874394,0.000006181004,0.0000226634,0.001706514,0.0005361801,0.004074377,0.004259919,0.002304413,0.00007502631],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9960838,0.0002783669,4.1096e-7,0.001947968,0.00006623763,0.00003547106,0.000009919392,0.00000159469,0.001576229],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996966,0.00002858253,0.00003137118,0.0001169209,0.00008134188,7.471845e-7,5.186519e-7,3.829883e-7,0.00004359487],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.382933,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9863732,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2168301187","doi":"10.4141/cjss07025","title":"Estimation of N<sub>2</sub>O emissions from agricultural soils in Canada. I. Development of a country-specific methodology","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Soil Science","topic":"Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":257,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph; University of Saskatchewan; Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada","funders":"Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada","keywords":"Soil water; Environmental science; Greenhouse gas; Agriculture; Fertilizer; Evapotranspiration; Precipitation; Snow; Hydrology (agriculture); Climate change; Arid; Geography; Physical geography; Atmospheric sciences; Environmental protection; Agronomy; Soil science; Meteorology; Ecology","authors":[{"name":"Philippe Rochette","is_ca":true},{"name":"Devon E. Worth","is_ca":true},{"name":"R. Lemke","is_ca":true},{"name":"B.G. McConkey","is_ca":true},{"name":"D.J. Pennock","is_ca":true},{"name":"Claudia Wagner‐Riddle","is_ca":true},{"name":"R. Desjardins","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03842387527925218,"gpt":0.2199218963948276,"spread":0.1814980211155755,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006179789,0.0001009801,0.0002695267,0.00008189245,0.000200325,0.00001246541,0.00044594,0.00005455188,0.00002787253],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002590613,0.00004551887,0.00004493005,0.001014414,0.0003371142,0.000157109,0.00002044608,0.000147659,7.007191e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000569599,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.005251142,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.7997807,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9944932,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984846,0.00007030169,0.0005525576,0.0001500502,0.0004254331,0.0003170727],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986552,0.0001955466,0.0003624873,0.000046568,0.0002812863,0.0004589217],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000219113,0.00003047003,0.1307558,0.000005314588,0.00001491633,0.00008420509,0.001799226,0.002440222,0.7917174,0.0001146684,0.0002995704,0.07271631],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001060889,0.00003411423,0.8788636,0.00005035403,0.000003188569,0.00007041299,0.001036411,0.0008994324,0.1186592,0.00009378082,0.00008610837,0.00009723302],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9991299,0.0002864607,0.0000153096,0.0001612491,0.0002137591,0.00004750185,0.00003486263,0.000001575426,0.000109365],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9983879,0.00004753804,0.00147688,0.00004342074,0.00003329131,8.984624e-7,0.000007185607,6.29971e-7,0.000002292873],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7481079,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.93153,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2069412759","doi":"10.4141/s99-028","title":"Organic C accumulation in soil over 30 years in semiarid southwestern Saskatchewan – Effect of crop rotations and fertilizers","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Soil Science","topic":"Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":230,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Crop rotation; Chernozem; Soil carbon; Crop residue; Humus; Straw; Agronomy; Secale; Total organic carbon; Environmental science; Crop; Soil science; Soil water; Chemistry; Agriculture; Geography; Environmental chemistry","authors":[{"name":"C. A. Campbell","is_ca":true},{"name":"R.P. Zentner","is_ca":true},{"name":"Biqing Liang","is_ca":true},{"name":"G. Roloff","is_ca":false},{"name":"E. G. Gregorich","is_ca":true},{"name":"B. Blomert","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01024195203481409,"gpt":0.2252391303902647,"spread":0.2149971783554506,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006240508,0.00007286268,0.0001458267,0.0001034975,0.00006854551,0.00005870246,0.0002111011,0.00005169415,0.0002166101],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008495288,0.00003694772,0.000034927,0.000819542,0.0002340058,0.0002278125,0.000008853451,0.0001297263,0.000003064463],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001239262,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003019781,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.05994076,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.7186294,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991497,0.00005330765,0.0002406106,0.0001262124,0.0001930074,0.0002371572],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994895,0.00007884454,0.00008839095,0.00003514789,0.00004823699,0.0002598836],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001677637,0.000006820015,0.9448908,0.00000296372,0.00000171234,0.00002490466,0.00106284,0.0007924109,0.02505049,0.000002866939,0.000003245807,0.02814414],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002487933,0.0001291199,0.9960546,0.0000407985,0.000004230498,0.00001714785,0.000396239,0.00193259,0.001016244,0.00007792786,0.00001277319,0.00006948493],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9995929,0.00008207512,1.980013e-7,0.00009162286,0.00005184517,0.00005760379,0.000006499189,0.00000204916,0.0001152128],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9998786,0.00001066163,0.000008062395,0.0000566537,0.00002165258,6.754502e-7,0.000001079303,8.232087e-7,0.00002176303],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6586886,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9463192,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2155166735","doi":"10.4141/s02-056","title":"Cover crops and nitrogen fertilization effects on soil aggregation and carbon and nitrogen pools","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Soil Science","topic":"Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":212,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Cover crop; Loam; Vicia villosa; Agronomy; Chemistry; Secale; Mineralization (soil science); Soil carbon; Legume; Nitrogen; Soil water; Biology","authors":[{"name":"Upendra M. Sainju","is_ca":false},{"name":"Wayne F. Whitehead","is_ca":false},{"name":"Bharat Singh","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.009419221050625346,"gpt":0.1966435354993175,"spread":0.1872243144486922,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005350009,0.0001206086,0.0001470516,0.00008154978,0.0003431161,0.0002065838,0.0001210353,0.00006784483,0.000009132118],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003140137,0.00005910145,0.00002741177,0.0004232023,0.0003412226,0.0002185513,0.00001312994,0.0001177166,0.00000109438],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008504695,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001925842,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005059208,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.03433429,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990188,0.00007064635,0.0001580399,0.0002078767,0.0002479292,0.000296742],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989259,0.0001037898,0.000124251,0.00003861435,0.0001565096,0.0006509565],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003599514,0.00001619428,0.8891847,0.0000194186,0.00001813044,0.00006708813,0.0004357306,0.00004906814,0.04830257,0.001226183,0.0001037941,0.06054117],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009685986,0.001308789,0.8906156,0.0001919253,0.00008211011,0.0007092498,0.0006937761,0.005686218,0.0860402,0.01210405,0.0009964347,0.0006030623],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9974552,0.001020827,0.000001252163,0.0004153576,0.0001122214,0.00008478954,0.000005000068,0.000004955029,0.0009003794],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994195,0.00008467343,0.00002635368,0.0003841698,0.00005858278,0.000001224974,0.000001121836,0.000001400423,0.00002300488],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.05993811,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9832866,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1997185381","doi":"10.4141/cjss07102","title":"Opportunities for improved fertilizer nitrogen management in production of arable crops in eastern Canada: A review","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Canadian Journal of Soil Science","topic":"Plant nutrient uptake and metabolism","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":210,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Environmental science; Arable land; Fertilizer; Agricultural engineering; Crop yield; Agriculture; Agronomy; Engineering; Biology; Ecology","authors":[{"name":"Bernie J. Zebarth","is_ca":false},{"name":"C. F. Drury","is_ca":false},{"name":"Nicolas Tremblay","is_ca":false},{"name":"Athyna N. Cambouris","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.09164333506254542,"gpt":0.2624736689500521,"spread":0.1708303338875067,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00145473,0.0001815405,0.0009050454,0.0002024094,0.00008897641,0.00003514432,0.0006737228,0.00006052647,0.00001299764],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001497323,0.00007822399,0.0001507715,0.001033202,0.0001208658,0.0002118008,0.00001637291,0.0001744454,3.381694e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003483313,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.003047035,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.2827003,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9467379,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981566,0.00006266256,0.0008197315,0.0002434427,0.000255014,0.0004625631],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987458,0.00003425114,0.0005828923,0.00007395889,0.0002025316,0.0003605918],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000372251,0.00001260079,0.00005742404,0.001193041,0.000007221039,0.00004807482,0.000008255309,8.966357e-7,0.000007806296,0.00003604086,0.001095035,0.9975299],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00006995304,0.00005306146,0.0008295688,0.01662083,0.0000834755,0.00006521433,0.00008734816,0.000002759415,0.000006134498,0.00009362988,0.9819409,0.0001471004],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.006829743,0.9910476,1.277521e-7,0.0007110141,0.0003946087,0.0006521457,0.00006683144,0.000001144708,0.0002968455],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0006502114,0.9985486,0.00003058291,0.0002240026,0.00008689978,0.00001692345,0.00001331705,0.000001136209,0.0004283461],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9973828,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7220762,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2593855156","doi":"10.4141/cjss09106","title":"Soil controls of phosphorus in runoff: Management barriers and opportunities","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Soil Science","topic":"Soil and Water Nutrient Dynamics","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":203,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Surface runoff; Environmental science; Soil water; Eutrophication; Hydrology (agriculture); Tillage; Water quality; Phosphorus; Soil management; Loam; Agronomy; Nutrient; Soil science; Ecology; Geology; Chemistry","authors":[{"name":"Peter J. A. Kleinman","is_ca":false},{"name":"Andrew N. Sharpley","is_ca":false},{"name":"Anthony R. Buda","is_ca":false},{"name":"R. W. McDowell","is_ca":false},{"name":"Arthur L. Allen","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01888653496352398,"gpt":0.1880389013515968,"spread":0.1691523663880729,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008311914,0.00008731268,0.0001509333,0.0002462861,0.0001230345,0.00003160034,0.0004575501,0.00002800737,0.0001242743],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003369026,0.00007517383,0.00003080893,0.0003046399,0.001509651,0.0004456422,0.00005602793,0.00009380298,0.000003525715],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002045035,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002782829,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02418008,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01016,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988986,0.00001784633,0.0002936656,0.0001400414,0.0002933383,0.0003564782],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989055,0.00001039417,0.0001473504,0.0001242106,0.00002663619,0.0007858913],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001735512,0.00001302091,0.9805079,0.000005117547,0.000006095629,0.0002442699,0.002617557,0.0002165396,0.00004066394,0.001185328,0.0001587393,0.01498738],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001372068,0.0002740424,0.9709222,0.0001267544,0.00002929075,0.0001358839,0.005610411,0.001787194,0.001213276,0.01442461,0.003801219,0.0003030643],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9784301,0.0001973142,0.00002410492,0.0001524034,0.0001997438,0.00005412756,0.000005038448,0.000001635588,0.02093555],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991626,0.0002456337,0.0002460431,0.0001972901,0.000006991709,0.000001242602,1.313841e-7,0.000004251247,0.0001358867],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02079966,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.982318,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1999045787","doi":"10.4141/s01-087","title":"Characterizing organic matter retention for surface soils in eastern Canada using density and particle size fractions","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Soil Science","topic":"Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":195,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Silt; Organic matter; Soil water; Soil organic matter; Chemistry; Environmental chemistry; Soil science; Environmental science; Geology","authors":[{"name":"M. R. Carter","is_ca":false},{"name":"Denis A. Angers","is_ca":false},{"name":"E. G. Gregorich","is_ca":false},{"name":"Martin A. Bolinder","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02342607268458375,"gpt":0.2107809393010872,"spread":0.1873548666165035,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004889374,0.00006037151,0.00009747358,0.00001525997,0.0002790763,0.0001000121,0.000111907,0.00002745386,0.00005218599],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001946732,0.00003212206,0.00002477046,0.000362904,0.00008589796,0.0002604727,0.000006583374,0.00008422616,7.455324e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003151055,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008765205,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.5415316,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9834869,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992433,0.00003205438,0.0001729668,0.0001193678,0.0001367144,0.0002955682],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992939,0.00007773568,0.0001056731,0.00002780855,0.0001409091,0.000353937],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003535781,0.000003473755,0.7345378,0.000002208404,0.000001947641,0.00001249635,0.00007374842,0.00005120361,0.2649556,0.00002590734,0.00001251938,0.0003195471],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001252341,0.00003686826,0.979673,0.00002715731,0.000008502389,0.0001189039,0.0007543995,0.005688066,0.01313372,0.0001491319,0.0001729498,0.0001120364],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.998955,0.00005344276,0.000004994969,0.0006275984,0.0002613602,0.00005094469,0.000005699535,0.000001263664,0.00003971303],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994557,0.000003214394,0.0001069,0.0003752217,0.00002934364,2.857855e-7,3.047682e-7,7.349576e-7,0.00002822575],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4419553,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4615213,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2327666569","doi":"10.4141/cjss2013-093","title":"Long-term tillage and crop rotation effects on soil quality, organic carbon, and total nitrogen","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Soil Science","topic":"Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":192,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs; University of Guelph","funders":"University of Guelph","keywords":"Tillage; Soil carbon; Crop rotation; Plough; Agronomy; Loam; Soil quality; Environmental science; Conventional tillage; Minimum tillage; Mulch-till; No-till farming; Crop; Soil water; Soil science; Soil fertility; Biology","authors":[{"name":"Laura L. Van Eerd","is_ca":true},{"name":"Kate A. Congreves","is_ca":true},{"name":"Adam Hayes","is_ca":true},{"name":"Anne Verhallen","is_ca":true},{"name":"David C. Hooker","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01060023261880064,"gpt":0.2196893526228615,"spread":0.2090891200040609,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008424938,0.0001153828,0.0001687954,0.00006705981,0.0003005055,0.0002017938,0.0002169243,0.0000586758,0.00001519829],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002737733,0.00005370183,0.00003837115,0.0003775735,0.000352342,0.000154869,0.00002713046,0.0001333434,0.00000234507],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008441898,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001552506,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006401015,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.1414937,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989168,0.000081799,0.0001847236,0.0002020536,0.0002920022,0.0003226305],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987592,0.0001530249,0.000146888,0.00004852909,0.0001540243,0.0007383417],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001846063,0.00001237918,0.7631053,0.0000194897,0.0000102963,0.00004827343,0.0003149215,0.00001447166,0.1658093,0.0003661266,0.00002353048,0.07025746],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001893212,0.0004052309,0.9895033,0.00003705902,0.00001193379,0.0001501357,0.00007716005,0.0006528977,0.008391018,0.000421382,0.00001397411,0.0001466155],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9983683,0.0001971091,0.000001340088,0.0007286297,0.0001791111,0.00005890793,0.000003226083,0.000006319957,0.000457067],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993914,0.00001527531,0.000009666017,0.0003695358,0.00018479,7.343665e-7,0.000001040307,0.000001298073,0.00002623707],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2263979,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9676463,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2075169141","doi":"10.4141/cjss06007","title":"Effect of split application of fertilizer nitrogen on N<sub>2</sub>O emissions from potatoes","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Soil Science","topic":"Potato Plant Research","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":186,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada; Nova Scotia Department of Agriculture; Dalhousie University","funders":"Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada","keywords":"Denitrification; Fertilizer; Sowing; Agronomy; Nitrogen; Nitrate; Animal science; Aeration; Population; Environmental science; Chemistry; Biology","authors":[{"name":"David L. Burton","is_ca":true},{"name":"Bernie J. Zebarth","is_ca":true},{"name":"K M Gillam","is_ca":true},{"name":"John Macleod","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01548943734127227,"gpt":0.2320958891565569,"spread":0.2166064518152846,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008036392,0.00008881546,0.0002077244,0.00009246557,0.0002635364,0.00001961336,0.000661688,0.00004991091,0.00004431121],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004149437,0.00003489345,0.00008842314,0.0007223786,0.000624867,0.0001520118,0.00002255922,0.0001577573,0.00001228209],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008391598,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004557558,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0155331,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0134953,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986117,0.00008050125,0.0002838176,0.0001659166,0.0005377207,0.0003203832],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984296,0.0003662059,0.0002167233,0.0000772311,0.0002364447,0.0006738151],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000381297,0.0000133666,0.1077109,0.000003621005,0.000004825822,0.00002163791,0.00008592795,0.00002184075,0.8573081,0.00003546158,0.0001514454,0.03460474],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009184467,0.0004178052,0.3445511,0.00004806788,0.00000555631,0.00004411987,0.00003560779,0.0001047097,0.6542568,0.0002029684,0.0001832219,0.00005830695],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9990466,0.0001289293,0.00000184873,0.0002558705,0.00004890404,0.00009297264,0.00006590383,0.000002682875,0.0003562911],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9998441,0.00003127533,0.00002473606,0.00003180446,0.00005483075,0.000001785002,0.000003871691,6.780188e-7,0.000006881674],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2368402,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9910225,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2154387940","doi":"10.4141/s05-082","title":"Diversity and function of fungi in peatlands: A carbon cycling perspective","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Soil Science","topic":"Peatlands and Wetlands Ecology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":186,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Peat; Decomposer; Biology; Ecology; Botany; Carbon cycle; Ecosystem","authors":[{"name":"Markus N. Thormann","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.007238295796024449,"gpt":0.1883799714185538,"spread":0.1811416756225294,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005298198,0.0000521489,0.0001110094,0.0001996449,0.0003694105,0.00001125913,0.0001712815,0.00002970051,0.00003859634],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003896046,0.00004516261,0.0000211452,0.0003777104,0.000524619,0.0002030523,0.0001101488,0.00009638027,5.283352e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003810611,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001653772,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.2270169,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.4717164,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993196,0.00001673769,0.000148771,0.0001236604,0.0001681742,0.0002230269],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995894,0.00001999369,0.0001079121,0.00005386477,0.00003226272,0.0001965588],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008576196,0.000007003379,0.9966758,0.00000103648,0.000001155226,0.00003101078,0.001026383,0.0005936084,0.0009231402,0.0001301254,0.00002542474,0.000576761],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002569847,0.0001055819,0.9965951,0.00001147628,0.000006740622,0.00003583718,0.0005030788,0.0006029255,0.0001424038,0.001626085,0.0000615285,0.00005221598],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9894123,0.0002042406,0.00001603549,0.0001201701,0.0001017879,0.00002642601,0.000001109505,9.687994e-7,0.01011697],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9998538,0.00001567013,0.00003580544,0.0000270232,0.0000299219,1.719431e-7,1.516169e-7,0.000001562051,0.00003591939],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2446994,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7781305,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2029098675","doi":"10.4141/s05-106","title":"Towards accurate measurements of soil organic carbon stock change in agroecosystems","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Soil Science","topic":"Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":182,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Soil carbon; Environmental science; Agroecosystem; Tillage; Bulk density; Stock (firearms); Offset (computer science); Soil science; Agriculture; Computer science; Soil water; Agronomy; Engineering; Ecology","authors":[{"name":"A.J. VandenBygaart","is_ca":true},{"name":"Denis A. Angers","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04489940570924023,"gpt":0.2323912053008255,"spread":0.1874917995915853,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001211706,0.0001234438,0.0002418248,0.0001460424,0.000119231,0.0000720151,0.0006349505,0.00006905058,0.00004972399],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001139094,0.00005775195,0.00007607415,0.001370758,0.0002140179,0.0002576241,0.00002379826,0.000149662,0.000002099037],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003524069,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006581692,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.3630891,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9064388,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982859,0.00005843625,0.0004434664,0.0001777932,0.000559675,0.0004746965],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998803,0.00002400928,0.0003179731,0.00006303249,0.0003811655,0.0004108475],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001342338,0.00004237469,0.8507367,0.00001242058,0.000007554554,0.00006608827,0.0003361248,0.0001513619,0.1368508,0.0000609665,0.00004558037,0.01167661],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002075536,0.0001818773,0.9832554,0.00008710871,0.000008884817,0.00006011312,0.0001902115,0.002615388,0.01301698,0.0001628297,0.00005495984,0.0001586981],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9967896,0.0004508074,3.194165e-7,0.0003911141,0.000441072,0.00009711974,0.00001126023,0.00000427331,0.00181442],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996523,0.000009393458,0.00001198806,0.00008122884,0.0002188498,0.000002194148,0.000001453234,0.000001277982,0.00002127946],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5433497,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6411521,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2174964376","doi":"10.4141/cjss2012-071","title":"Mechanisms leading to enhanced soil nitrous oxide fluxes induced by freeze–thaw cycles","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Soil Science","topic":"Climate change and permafrost","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":181,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Nitrous oxide; Greenhouse gas; Denitrification; Environmental science; Soil water; Nitrogen; Environmental chemistry; Moisture; Cycling; Chemistry; Soil science; Ecology","authors":[{"name":"Neil Risk","is_ca":true},{"name":"David Snider","is_ca":true},{"name":"Claudia Wagner‐Riddle","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02474506767682848,"gpt":0.2249608152468641,"spread":0.2002157475700356,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006351615,0.0001728792,0.0002442832,0.0004562485,0.0005715566,0.0004800365,0.0009015038,0.00006959368,0.0031495],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001926587,0.0001445759,0.00006596241,0.000751807,0.0002492759,0.001055103,0.00001402705,0.0002324878,0.0006854332],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005021454,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009337781,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.4728257,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.8580009,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9980401,0.0000290378,0.0003415823,0.0002613142,0.0004833874,0.000844513],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9974003,0.00008224251,0.0001684119,0.0001857375,0.0002478028,0.001915502],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000860419,0.000008758062,0.1723121,0.00001189674,0.00001269279,0.0000663156,0.002282971,0.0006565878,0.7907463,0.00005191726,0.01121261,0.02262926],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005078669,0.000737139,0.7782778,0.0002429251,0.00002947302,0.0002996289,0.005451541,0.0007162195,0.2066496,0.004705844,0.001486756,0.0008952182],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9938703,0.0002351089,0.0001485617,0.001047289,0.0007210299,0.0001102745,0.0002397909,0.000008402046,0.003619247],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9978558,0.00002131393,0.0003181821,0.001496808,0.0001144993,0.000001050411,0.0000174054,0.000005810678,0.0001690835],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6059657,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9977618,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2010929931","doi":"10.4141/s00-052","title":"Ammonia volatilization from soils fertilized with urea and varying rates of urease inhibitor NBPT","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Soil Science","topic":"Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":177,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Loam; Ammonia volatilization from urea; Urea; Chemistry; Urease; Ammonia; Animal science; Volatilisation; Soil water; Fertilizer; Nitrogen; Hydrolysis; Environmental chemistry; Nuclear chemistry; Soil science; Biochemistry; Environmental science; Organic chemistry; Biology","authors":[{"name":"C. D. L. Rawluk","is_ca":false},{"name":"Cynthia A. Grant","is_ca":false},{"name":"G. J. Racz","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01637318448037536,"gpt":0.2120560120428107,"spread":0.1956828275624354,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003313024,0.0000954713,0.0001668716,0.00006339765,0.0002239984,0.0001058248,0.0002401621,0.00004496038,0.00005571943],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001506587,0.00003567779,0.00003631987,0.0006900975,0.0004317482,0.0003484436,0.00001356052,0.00009530837,7.324626e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005675923,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003458143,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.04764378,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.3081714,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990575,0.00002895138,0.0002358499,0.000153084,0.0002728601,0.000251735],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987935,0.00007887945,0.0001976403,0.00004368344,0.0003048324,0.0005815062],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001099665,0.00001874436,0.8955855,0.00000303918,0.00001105598,0.00006104607,0.0003162409,0.0000873484,0.08301271,0.00005512159,0.00002092951,0.02071832],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004443736,0.00026687,0.978329,0.0001019904,0.00002619709,0.00009529341,0.0004706413,0.007306952,0.01191787,0.0006899447,0.0001855062,0.0001653613],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.998916,0.0003064542,0.000007872041,0.0003529215,0.0001081675,0.00005005518,0.00001631415,0.000004108593,0.0002381564],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999568,0.00003646843,0.0001815049,0.0001022152,0.00008751899,5.669049e-7,0.000002974109,9.239527e-7,0.00001979313],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2605276,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.958698,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2125468891","doi":"10.4141/cjss2011-100","title":"Comparing SPAD and atLEAF values for chlorophyll assessment in crop species","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Soil Science","topic":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":170,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada","funders":"Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada","keywords":"Canola; Crop; Environmental science; Chlorophyll; Agronomy; Nitrogen; Mathematics; Horticulture; Chemistry; Biology","authors":[{"name":"Juanjuan Zhu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Nicolas Tremblay","is_ca":true},{"name":"Yinli Liang","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02276064101957362,"gpt":0.2422314050811685,"spread":0.2194707640615949,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001048613,0.00008696315,0.0001427033,0.0001144948,0.0002608882,0.0001264743,0.0003036113,0.00002965752,0.00005015795],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001213618,0.00006527757,0.00002979891,0.0003735555,0.0008305247,0.0006624816,0.00004095044,0.0001628833,0.000007452345],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006964991,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002161549,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.007382359,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.04359394,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988626,0.00001935638,0.000203629,0.0001318133,0.000299803,0.0004828047],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990734,0.00003492176,0.0001229247,0.00009424982,0.00003207635,0.0006424651],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000002261834,0.0000109243,0.9831578,0.000004190676,0.00000185716,0.00001053156,0.001383127,0.002331069,0.009523334,0.0002372905,0.001112127,0.00222553],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001447892,0.0000393261,0.9921345,0.00003338788,0.000004160866,0.00009562748,0.0004072825,0.001408818,0.001141216,0.0002216955,0.004271841,0.00009732841],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9885146,0.000140413,0.0001346533,0.000474907,0.0004323731,0.0000753651,0.000001132896,0.000001965258,0.0102246],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9944372,0.00000849285,0.005122978,0.0000969289,0.0001213823,2.081708e-7,1.618775e-7,0.000004197101,0.000208511],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03621158,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9992276,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2019194951","doi":"10.4141/s01-018","title":"Availability of nitrogen in solid manure amendments with different C:N ratios","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Soil Science","topic":"Phosphorus and nutrient management","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":163,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"Canola; Loam; Manure; Mineralization (soil science); Soil water; Agronomy; Nitrogen; Chemistry; Nutrient; Brassica; Fertilizer; Animal science; Environmental science; Biology; Soil science","authors":[{"name":"Pei‐Yuan Qian","is_ca":true},{"name":"J.J. Schoenau","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01087868144629857,"gpt":0.1951301085979425,"spread":0.1842514271516439,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004848268,0.0000950678,0.000161177,0.0001577423,0.0001201431,0.0000378499,0.0005346487,0.0000195363,0.001485105],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003731333,0.00006956319,0.00003365719,0.0005806072,0.0007472499,0.0003677114,0.00004472942,0.0001158869,0.00002751117],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005912244,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009047866,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006702725,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.05691956,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986079,0.00002233233,0.0003098734,0.0001806063,0.0005115759,0.0003677457],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991015,0.0000108559,0.0001949142,0.0001906391,0.00002903667,0.0004730173],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009431066,0.00007322769,0.9939269,0.000004934703,0.000004296797,0.00004811828,0.0007124478,0.001067162,0.0008980517,0.00004652839,0.0009304488,0.002278481],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001044171,0.0006065363,0.9691986,0.0001168573,0.00002073911,0.00004041761,0.0005021255,0.002277573,0.02153148,0.001791626,0.002595725,0.0002740842],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.994282,0.00007949881,0.00002940553,0.0003138884,0.00008676986,0.0001065934,0.000003327397,0.000001313546,0.005097223],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996057,0.00002527121,0.0001166648,0.0001117514,0.000009443462,0.000001812904,1.405751e-7,0.000003748117,0.0001254833],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.05021683,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999117,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2095373562","doi":"10.4141/s00-028","title":"Impacts of clearcut harvesting and wildfire on soil nutrient status in the Quebec boreal forest","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Soil Science","topic":"Fire effects on ecosystems","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":157,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Montréal; Canadian Forest Service; McGill University; Natural Resources Canada; Ste. Anne's Hospital","funders":"","keywords":"Environmental science; Forest floor; Humus; Taiga; Nutrient; Clearcutting; Prescribed burn; Disturbance (geology); Ecosystem; Soil carbon; Black spruce; Forestry; Vegetation (pathology); Productivity; Soil organic matter; Boreal; Ecology; Agronomy; Soil water; Geography; Soil science; Biology","authors":[{"name":"Dan Simard","is_ca":true},{"name":"James W. Fyles","is_ca":true},{"name":"David Paré","is_ca":true},{"name":"Thùy Linh Nguyễn","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008409134174194975,"gpt":0.2112666328411007,"spread":0.2028574986669058,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002055964,0.0001067244,0.0001573716,0.0002129327,0.000229082,0.000131388,0.0005459592,0.00003562534,0.00001775761],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004737993,0.0000742254,0.00003281804,0.0008809829,0.000966195,0.0006243298,0.00003003939,0.0002341818,0.00000937394],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000696177,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007445659,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.7943135,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9730459,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982737,0.00008879098,0.0002873781,0.0001765553,0.0005770994,0.0005965233],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986957,0.0001437459,0.0002407219,0.0001857441,0.00002106233,0.0007130117],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001294057,0.00001951307,0.9776435,0.000006411551,0.000001587355,0.0002151948,0.002370678,0.0008675974,0.0006964044,0.00009962879,0.0006236951,0.01744281],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002662902,0.0002715079,0.9945968,0.0001285742,0.000003382824,0.0002387799,0.0007182116,0.001786152,0.0002399197,0.00007886452,0.001585777,0.00008571419],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.994337,0.00008225074,0.000007169969,0.0008693667,0.0001223924,0.0001113418,0.000003266924,0.000001860321,0.004465309],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996083,0.00001893712,0.00003684447,0.0002556931,0.0000377144,0.0000011232,2.22205e-7,0.00000635396,0.00003483929],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1787324,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3559985,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2050951885","doi":"10.4141/cjss06005","title":"Nitrous oxide emissions from denitrification and the partitioning of gaseous losses as affected by nitrate and carbon addition and soil aeration","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Soil Science","topic":"Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":155,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Nova Scotia Department of Agriculture; Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada","funders":"Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada","keywords":"Denitrification; Nitrous oxide; Amendment; Arable land; Straw; Chemistry; Nitrate; Nitrogen; Environmental chemistry; Aeration; Environmental science; Agronomy; Acetylene; Carbon dioxide; Animal science; Agriculture; Ecology; Inorganic chemistry","authors":[{"name":"K M Gillam","is_ca":true},{"name":"Bernie J. Zebarth","is_ca":true},{"name":"David L. Burton","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01006627508568104,"gpt":0.1874662163639809,"spread":0.1773999412782999,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003453718,0.00007305445,0.0001207248,0.000036742,0.0005454131,0.00008904206,0.0001041866,0.00004338994,0.000008822597],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003309601,0.00003177917,0.00002176466,0.0002956126,0.0009454053,0.0001924428,0.000009558354,0.0001039863,2.24198e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003289986,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001826975,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.08216191,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.1246502,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992711,0.00007152057,0.0001914233,0.0001284564,0.0001835506,0.0001539422],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991107,0.0001743365,0.0001826151,0.00003289493,0.0001816176,0.0003178282],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001140421,0.00003746648,0.1919843,0.000007389689,0.00002563685,0.0000567965,0.001656965,0.00007989748,0.7943169,0.0003688688,0.0003121601,0.01103952],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008409165,0.0002941412,0.9315028,0.0001085966,0.00006466232,0.0007069865,0.001837656,0.0080926,0.05298917,0.00326901,0.00005917233,0.0002343508],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9980502,0.001028046,0.000002666311,0.0006386876,0.00003735318,0.00006110143,0.00004114835,0.000003832081,0.0001370222],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994492,0.000349812,0.00003109876,0.00009991426,0.00004252125,0.000001744138,0.00001187152,7.162106e-7,0.0000131411],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7413278,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9239501,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2116119642","doi":"10.4141/cjss06016","title":"N<sub>2</sub>O fluxes in soils of contrasting textures fertilized with liquid and solid dairy cattle manures","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Soil Science","topic":"Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":151,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Manure; Loam; Soil water; Agronomy; Nitrification; Animal science; Fertilizer; Silage; Denitrification; Chemistry; Ammonium; Human fertilization; Nitrogen; Environmental science; Soil science; Biology","authors":[{"name":"Philippe Rochette","is_ca":false},{"name":"Denis A. Angers","is_ca":false},{"name":"Martin H. Chantigny","is_ca":false},{"name":"Bernard Gagnon","is_ca":false},{"name":"Normand Bertrand","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01349041418820565,"gpt":0.2044235325537352,"spread":0.1909331183655296,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004718812,0.0001107632,0.0002370117,0.0001074519,0.0002604177,0.00004066859,0.0003160732,0.00005207951,0.000009186514],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002073091,0.00004698113,0.00004399085,0.0005959514,0.001021157,0.0002323725,0.00001866162,0.0001607098,6.215511e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006485562,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005283798,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.009996355,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.2748747,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988323,0.00003498283,0.0002913142,0.0001669077,0.0002899584,0.0003845439],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989695,0.0001014353,0.0001897951,0.00004316279,0.0002112228,0.0004848788],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001822652,0.00003432758,0.2493234,0.00001105653,0.00001327563,0.0002451214,0.001092869,0.0002987837,0.7384773,0.00008233266,0.00007562408,0.01016367],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003161056,0.0005579675,0.8869153,0.0001001574,0.000008578825,0.0005348932,0.0006429586,0.000459487,0.1101931,0.0001020954,0.00002272227,0.0001466394],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9986649,0.000616866,9.710336e-7,0.0002807101,0.00007440959,0.0000545849,0.000008545219,0.00000389198,0.0002951285],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996922,0.00007065819,0.00003772919,0.0001331483,0.00005550577,9.601459e-7,7.277864e-7,0.000001077993,0.000007963358],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6375919,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9965962,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1775627941","doi":"10.4141/cjss2012-095","title":"NH<sub>3</sub> volatilization, soil concentration and soil pH following subsurface banding of urea at increasing rates","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Soil Science","topic":"Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":150,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Environment and Climate Change Canada; Institut de Recherche et de Développement en Agroenvironnement; Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Urea; Volatilisation; Loam; Chemistry; Ammonia volatilization from urea; Ammonia; Ammonium; Nitrogen; Environmental chemistry; Animal science; Soil science; Soil water; Environmental science; Biochemistry","authors":[{"name":"Philippe Rochette","is_ca":true},{"name":"Denis A. Angers","is_ca":true},{"name":"Martin H. Chantigny","is_ca":true},{"name":"Marc‐Olivier Gasser","is_ca":true},{"name":"J. Douglas MacDonald","is_ca":true},{"name":"David E. Pelster","is_ca":true},{"name":"Normand Bertrand","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01138037080592377,"gpt":0.1995172786682207,"spread":0.1881369078622969,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009395258,0.0001270132,0.0002053541,0.00005000995,0.0005652789,0.0002218628,0.0002731518,0.00007003629,0.00004041489],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004193386,0.00006483161,0.00007887821,0.0007385653,0.0004024122,0.0007553844,0.00002363851,0.0001122908,0.00000335937],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001938836,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003576269,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02063159,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.1015753,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986169,0.00006929009,0.0003689801,0.0001902746,0.0003590732,0.0003955131],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984764,0.0001512826,0.0003004397,0.00004845961,0.0003987642,0.0006246753],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004402435,0.000003817948,0.4025024,0.000003199715,0.000005460722,0.000004734949,0.0002033252,0.0001600564,0.5942132,0.00004420628,0.00003142467,0.002823664],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002258291,0.0001162334,0.7100001,0.0001063075,0.00002467126,0.00009303837,0.0006801803,0.0170361,0.2710865,0.0004100978,0.00002259129,0.0001983125],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9985248,0.0004540273,0.000007235154,0.0003429791,0.0002500817,0.00008508166,0.000006079416,0.00000652146,0.0003231946],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997012,0.00005903806,0.00004000844,0.0001093413,0.00007194065,9.829412e-7,0.000003848174,0.000001578458,0.00001206287],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3231267,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9858901,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1947377890","doi":"10.4141/cjss2010-057","title":"Response to water stress of soil enzymes and root exudates from drought and non-drought tolerant corn hybrids at different growth stages","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Soil Science","topic":"Plant Stress Responses and Tolerance","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":148,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","keywords":"Rhizosphere; Seedling; Agronomy; Acid phosphatase; Horticulture; Water potential; Coleoptile; Chemistry; Enzyme assay; Invertase; Soil water; Biology; Botany; Enzyme; Biochemistry; Bacteria","authors":[{"name":"Fengbin Song","is_ca":false},{"name":"Xiying Han","is_ca":false},{"name":"Xiancan Zhu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Stephen Herbert","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01088559967894723,"gpt":0.1996232492663275,"spread":0.1887376495873802,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005308822,0.0001703091,0.0002986028,0.0000819823,0.0004134063,0.0001450576,0.0003948114,0.00004966793,0.00009971561],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001279184,0.00006454426,0.00004841159,0.0002105487,0.0004715488,0.0004443827,0.0001007118,0.0001149503,0.000003524818],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007228534,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007381043,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01533758,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.08748255,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984193,0.0000957229,0.0003075503,0.0002340909,0.0003397995,0.000603569],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982174,0.0002914695,0.0001351596,0.00006828536,0.0001371627,0.001150508],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004475728,0.00003119812,0.6174555,0.00001005208,0.00001324925,0.00006291549,0.00125197,0.00002262936,0.3769631,0.00002266177,0.0003066348,0.003412524],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001618583,0.0001994596,0.7915817,0.0001067634,0.000009616901,0.00006753971,0.0002103345,0.00005688192,0.2063839,0.00004668118,0.001030018,0.0001452097],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9962358,0.001096224,0.000003663209,0.001877549,0.0002226992,0.00007108003,0.0004468057,0.000003157715,0.00004296774],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994231,0.00008610653,0.00003155411,0.0001469864,0.0001333182,0.000001707131,0.000005517625,0.000001444101,0.000170275],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1741263,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9912193,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2089502754","doi":"10.4141/s05-120","title":"Pulp and paper mill by-products as soil amendments and plant nutrient sources","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Soil Science","topic":"Phosphorus and nutrient management","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":145,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Deinking; Paper mill; Nutrient; Environmental science; Agronomy; Soil conditioner; Soil organic matter; Pulp (tooth); Organic matter; Pulp and paper industry; Soil quality; Waste management; Chemistry; Soil water; Environmental engineering; Soil science; Waste paper","authors":[{"name":"James J. Camberato","is_ca":false},{"name":"Bernard Gagnon","is_ca":true},{"name":"Denis A. Angers","is_ca":true},{"name":"Martin H. Chantigny","is_ca":true},{"name":"William L. Pan","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.004501964278701705,"gpt":0.1692700212867408,"spread":0.1647680570080391,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006862089,0.0001306555,0.0001380972,0.0001220522,0.000468516,0.0001987915,0.000361498,0.00002799516,0.000158654],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004903823,0.0001075497,0.0000208189,0.0003977056,0.001045655,0.0005803221,0.00009696741,0.0001112269,0.00002306349],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002594758,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001573403,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.05302981,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01969189,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984326,0.00001756214,0.0002476485,0.0003089037,0.0004978554,0.0004954265],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989563,0.00001388124,0.0001573828,0.0001432331,0.00002509066,0.0007040978],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007120673,0.0002084452,0.735574,0.0000413428,0.00003174878,0.0005376622,0.002709214,0.0009499995,0.06309834,0.002992239,0.1773981,0.01638767],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001382877,0.0005723984,0.3630858,0.0001179404,0.00005150537,0.0004571465,0.0008646115,0.0003473644,0.04706028,0.007659003,0.5777257,0.0006753404],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9924389,0.001454102,0.000009648592,0.001591162,0.0002025522,0.0000869583,0.00001383146,0.000003323452,0.004199574],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9983757,0.0002617792,0.00008246194,0.0005780546,0.00004594071,0.000001503042,0.000001138917,0.000006274601,0.0006471336],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4003276,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9981962,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":[],"domain":null,"study_design":"observational","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high"},{"model":"gpt","categories":[],"domain":null,"study_design":"bench_or_experimental","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"}],"label_agreement":"split"},{"id":"W2154683288","doi":"10.4141/s01-026","title":"Soil bulk density effects on soil microbial populations and enzyme activities during the growth of maize (<i>Zea mays</i> L.) planted in large pots under field exposure","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Soil Science","topic":"Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":140,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Cambisol; Agronomy; Urease; Loam; Polyphenol oxidase; Bulk density; Invertase; Soil water; Bulk soil; Population; Soil fertility; Biology; Chemistry; Food science; Enzyme","authors":[{"name":"Chenyang Li","is_ca":false},{"name":"Barate D. L","is_ca":false},{"name":"Tieyi Zhang","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01161219944927596,"gpt":0.1866266449228218,"spread":0.1750144454735458,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003824357,0.0001098378,0.0001676146,0.00008971539,0.0003995401,0.00008286597,0.0003042596,0.00007022827,0.0000246294],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001332582,0.0000489353,0.000062306,0.0004913146,0.0002213879,0.0001863638,0.00002904393,0.0002387385,8.352125e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008898194,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007808948,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01433811,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.4773888,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989867,0.00006376597,0.0001959246,0.0001520064,0.0002379045,0.0003637022],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992723,0.0001926071,0.0001419287,0.00005249085,0.00007946127,0.0002612517],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009020855,0.00009882743,0.6598626,0.00004187106,0.00002312302,0.0002748403,0.001588989,0.0004789751,0.3322001,0.001255196,0.0005810715,0.003504222],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003270353,0.00020617,0.961033,0.0000917544,0.000008397075,0.0001864437,0.0006041365,0.0006018404,0.0365044,0.0002856877,0.0000140112,0.000137056],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9975145,0.0001426048,8.409484e-7,0.001904037,0.0001944964,0.00005961751,0.00002527457,0.000004063207,0.0001545842],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992193,0.00002863495,0.000006525887,0.0005908546,0.0000978954,8.277592e-7,8.079801e-7,0.000001093799,0.00005404101],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4630507,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9922255,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2062229321","doi":"10.4141/s05-015","title":"Nitrogen release during decomposition of crop residues under conventional and zero tillage","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Soil Science","topic":"Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":127,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Alberta Crop Industry Development Fund; Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada","funders":"Alberta Agricultural Research Institute","keywords":"Agronomy; Tillage; Crop residue; Canola; Green manure; No-till farming; Conventional tillage; Field pea; Sativum; Red Clover; Chemistry; Mineralization (soil science); Nitrogen; Biology; Soil fertility; Soil water; Agriculture","authors":[{"name":"Newton Z. Lupwayi","is_ca":true},{"name":"George W. Clayton","is_ca":true},{"name":"John T. O’Donovan","is_ca":true},{"name":"K. Neil Harker","is_ca":true},{"name":"T. K. Turkington","is_ca":true},{"name":"Y. K. Soon","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.00925213498850643,"gpt":0.2084017378622354,"spread":0.1991496028737289,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003081699,0.00006410755,0.0001039833,0.00006660585,0.0002657628,0.00006724701,0.000188799,0.00003486961,0.00004880255],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003294235,0.00003107483,0.000055437,0.0003375747,0.0004533476,0.0001905571,0.00001429212,0.00007035943,0.000001337075],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007922263,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000201341,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01984535,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.110212,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991958,0.00002396096,0.0002215832,0.0001096081,0.0002359447,0.0002131642],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992571,0.00003236371,0.0001578997,0.00002776776,0.0002152081,0.0003096639],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000371915,0.00002934059,0.5392167,0.0000110988,0.00001042359,0.00008190447,0.00005537178,0.0004873612,0.4542978,0.003775011,0.0001614967,0.001836319],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000149195,0.00008208919,0.967312,0.00003330501,0.000009159177,0.0002023542,0.0000978455,0.0002432175,0.02438014,0.007358003,0.00004955932,0.00008315363],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9986473,0.0003553326,0.000003977444,0.0003454324,0.00007913783,0.00002809989,0.00001623988,0.000003083059,0.0005213405],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997332,0.00001291463,0.00008179429,0.0000550778,0.0000778254,2.838733e-7,0.000002428434,5.881308e-7,0.00003591431],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4299176,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9866816,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2076315625","doi":"10.4141/s03-082","title":"Decomposition of crop residues under conventional and zero tillage","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Soil Science","topic":"Agricultural Science and Fertilization","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":126,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Canola; Agronomy; Crop residue; No-till farming; Tillage; Field pea; Conventional tillage; Sativum; Red Clover; Monoculture; Chemistry; Decomposition; Crop rotation; Crop; Green manure; Biology; Environmental science; Soil water; Soil fertility; Agriculture; Soil science","authors":[{"name":"Newton Z. Lupwayi","is_ca":false},{"name":"George W. Clayton","is_ca":false},{"name":"John T. O’Donovan","is_ca":false},{"name":"K. Neil Harker","is_ca":false},{"name":"T. K. Turkington","is_ca":false},{"name":"W. A. Rice","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01685719064345762,"gpt":0.2270021377247652,"spread":0.2101449470813076,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003633086,0.00005367491,0.00008515154,0.00004025336,0.000316538,0.00007638115,0.0002302096,0.00003109513,0.00006184997],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004668061,0.00002011941,0.00003497147,0.0005555651,0.0005445678,0.000496314,0.0000126091,0.00005084623,0.000002497744],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007851622,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000227584,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006409204,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.05512812,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992464,0.00001297339,0.0001912218,0.000106913,0.0002568052,0.0001857343],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992139,0.0000168201,0.0001457854,0.00001922637,0.0002695817,0.0003346647],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002133436,0.00003671108,0.05794558,0.000007208112,0.00000698195,0.00002268434,0.0004874282,0.00185594,0.9108847,0.01307683,0.0003839713,0.01527062],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009894855,0.0001728423,0.9759712,0.00004844224,0.000004661995,0.00008329838,0.0002982328,0.00001535887,0.01544919,0.007552222,0.0002378018,0.00006781111],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9973544,0.0001790695,0.00006157854,0.001847181,0.0001005009,0.00003412883,0.000005557101,0.000002258174,0.0004153274],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996526,0.00002316402,0.0001168153,0.0001311222,0.00004745981,2.252894e-7,0.000001726698,2.131515e-7,0.0000266834],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9180256,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9688842,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2135359121","doi":"10.4141/s00-074","title":"Carbon-13 solid-state NMR of soil organic matter - using the technique effectively","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Soil Science","topic":"NMR spectroscopy and applications","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":125,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Natural Resources Canada","funders":"Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique; Sveriges Lantbruksuniversitet","keywords":"Dephasing; Solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance; Chemistry; Deconvolution; NMR spectra database; Spectral line; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Carbon-13 NMR; Sideband; Nuclear magnetic resonance; Computational physics; Physics; Computer science; Optics; Condensed matter physics; Telecommunications; Radio frequency; Chromatography","authors":[{"name":"Caroline M. Preston","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008673847279816734,"gpt":0.2817186428353111,"spread":0.2730447955554944,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004480563,0.00008370444,0.0001289138,0.0001411303,0.0003286942,0.00006939338,0.0004768508,0.00001520008,0.0001687362],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000008123879,0.00006150067,0.00005632767,0.0006491796,0.0004874243,0.0001653721,0.00001861606,0.0001975558,0.000005362291],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001164101,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001751871,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02926853,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.007582526,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991869,0.00002410937,0.0002140872,0.0001108441,0.0001563455,0.0003077578],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991406,0.00002687968,0.000218683,0.0001757089,0.0001744063,0.0002637173],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008334711,0.00004971818,0.4968852,0.000009761002,0.0000464453,0.00002001083,0.001436539,0.004043697,0.4924322,0.002572593,0.0004596996,0.002035875],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005406478,0.000179611,0.172445,0.0002630881,0.00009428808,0.0002876459,0.001156805,0.004792374,0.7883795,0.02992102,0.001434363,0.0005056296],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9864816,0.00002838172,0.008256784,0.0004797062,0.00007070087,0.000102569,0.000007710926,0.000001787854,0.00457074],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994936,0.000001522801,0.0002199787,0.00008066907,0.0001127048,0.000003823634,1.526796e-7,0.000007612816,0.00007995193],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3244402,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9771957,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1907626942","doi":"10.4141/cjss09086","title":"Surface runoff and sub-surface drainage phosphorus losses under regular free drainage and controlled drainage with sub-irrigation systems in southern Ontario","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Soil Science","topic":"Soil and Water Nutrient Dynamics","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":123,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Tile drainage; Drainage; Surface runoff; Hydrology (agriculture); Environmental science; Irrigation; Surface water; Phosphorus; Soil water; Watertable control; Chemistry; Soil science; Environmental engineering; Agronomy; Geology; Ecology; Soil salinity; Biology","authors":[{"name":"C. S. Tan","is_ca":true},{"name":"T. Q. Zhang","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008998425069111683,"gpt":0.1682959292956741,"spread":0.1592975042265624,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001648856,0.0002487664,0.0003876322,0.0001568091,0.0004296574,0.0002827556,0.0005938823,0.0000922154,0.00002188509],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006222328,0.0001938628,0.00004257441,0.0005752994,0.001926131,0.0008980504,0.00009187104,0.0002893465,0.000009211726],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009081684,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006734416,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.490779,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.6236119,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9978419,0.00008366497,0.0004348575,0.0004172963,0.0005515951,0.0006706661],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984016,0.00005481377,0.0003223259,0.000317545,0.00007650454,0.0008272247],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001871139,0.00003939113,0.9671892,0.00001779257,0.0000219574,0.0004499959,0.02099591,0.008047939,0.001163326,0.001518404,0.00003657277,0.0003324167],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.006475466,0.0005659909,0.9360928,0.0003270133,0.00008229291,0.0005796051,0.0120615,0.00708847,0.001104165,0.03470076,0.0001519134,0.0007700634],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9937825,0.0005473075,0.0001145447,0.0001996319,0.0001931056,0.0003127736,0.00001167545,0.000008318455,0.004830184],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991884,0.00001415433,0.0003414545,0.00008630016,0.0000139294,0.00000217462,7.937671e-7,0.00001825586,0.0003345254],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1328329,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7905495,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2074725426","doi":"10.4141/cjss06015","title":"Nitrous oxide and carbon dioxide emissions from monoculture and rotational cropping of corn, soybean and winter wheat","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Soil Science","topic":"Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":123,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Monoculture; Agronomy; Crop rotation; Crop residue; Crop; Carbon dioxide; Environmental science; Nitrous oxide; Soil carbon; Cropping system; Chemistry; Soil water; Agriculture; Biology","authors":[{"name":"C. F. Drury","is_ca":false},{"name":"X.M. Yang","is_ca":false},{"name":"W. D. Reynolds","is_ca":false},{"name":"Neil B. McLaughlin","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01512839285183776,"gpt":0.199363804210619,"spread":0.1842354113587812,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001896631,0.0000876081,0.0001522265,0.00004575345,0.000303724,0.00004693849,0.0001506791,0.0000482469,0.000009446902],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001289319,0.00003964987,0.00002937712,0.0002196753,0.0007458664,0.0001736435,0.00002605548,0.0001268999,1.250326e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003998821,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001838731,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.04659322,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.09976408,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992309,0.00002245616,0.0001959434,0.0001550477,0.0001936451,0.0002020046],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989886,0.00007307475,0.0001180461,0.00002911783,0.0001650898,0.0006260338],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001065317,0.000005361392,0.7599066,0.000002109741,0.000007740938,0.00003868303,0.0006750531,0.000004923299,0.2369865,0.00003505909,0.00004006396,0.002287223],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001322949,0.00007840856,0.9941219,0.00004883004,0.00001040933,0.0003627013,0.0007849058,0.0007347752,0.003174196,0.0004020791,0.00005552134,0.00009394983],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9982458,0.0008219088,9.397741e-7,0.0006010724,0.00005856575,0.00003461175,0.00002353425,0.000002586521,0.0002110159],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995146,0.00006575573,0.0001847116,0.0001411205,0.00005798622,3.843878e-7,0.000001366624,7.480514e-7,0.00003326323],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2342153,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9597556,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1924843752","doi":"10.4141/cjss2010-044","title":"Effects of moisture condition and freeze/thaw cycles on surface soil aggregate size distribution and stability","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Soil Science","topic":"Soil and Unsaturated Flow","field":"Engineering","cited_by":123,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Water content; Aggregate (composite); Soil structure; Moisture; Chemistry; Soil science; Soil water; Animal science; Environmental science; Materials science; Geology; Geotechnical engineering; Composite material; Biology","authors":[{"name":"Enheng Wang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Richard M. Cruse","is_ca":false},{"name":"Xiangwei Chen","is_ca":false},{"name":"Aaron Lee M. Daigh","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.005715598819811223,"gpt":0.1927527601040017,"spread":0.1870371612841905,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004185978,0.00008937359,0.0001338809,0.00004395971,0.0001226177,0.00004411695,0.00009814881,0.00005613762,0.000005823317],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002591276,0.00007567294,0.00002165557,0.0002280301,0.0004107118,0.0004155426,0.000006134891,0.0001737815,7.538898e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001153028,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001675058,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003603991,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.007597274,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993106,0.00002215858,0.0001510839,0.00007937822,0.0001628571,0.0002739344],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990838,0.0001210378,0.00006975455,0.00007298277,0.00009882299,0.0005536154],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004107089,0.00004956406,0.7889776,0.0005187189,0.0000560398,0.00006023541,0.003044063,0.006753868,0.1838415,0.0008070188,0.001321625,0.01452876],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002285784,0.00005481063,0.8715351,0.0001236383,0.00001535519,0.00004033351,0.0001131829,0.0005661663,0.1270023,0.0001555522,0.00007413226,0.00009085919],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9975361,0.00170612,0.0000379013,0.0000785888,0.0003800973,0.00004479407,0.00005037779,0.000007326926,0.0001587577],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9998,0.00008839971,0.00003484461,0.0000176023,0.00004966253,3.520382e-7,0.000001361288,0.00000486819,0.000002872904],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.08255754,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.544818,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1964022924","doi":"10.4141/s99-045","title":"Quantifying short-term effects of crop rotations on soil organic carbon in southwestern Saskatchewan","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Soil Science","topic":"Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":122,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Soil carbon; Crop rotation; Chernozem; Agronomy; Crop residue; Environmental science; Tillage; Straw; Humus; Soil fertility; Calcareous; Crop; Soil water; Soil science; Agriculture; Geography; Biology","authors":[{"name":"C. A. Campbell","is_ca":true},{"name":"R.P. Zentner","is_ca":true},{"name":"F. Selles","is_ca":true},{"name":"V. O. Biederbeck","is_ca":true},{"name":"B.G. McConkey","is_ca":true},{"name":"B. Blomert","is_ca":true},{"name":"P. G. Jefferson","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01759692819631449,"gpt":0.2258465731980338,"spread":0.2082496450017193,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004452294,0.0001162552,0.0001992441,0.0001245363,0.0001648103,0.0000782565,0.0004784738,0.00006179362,0.0001001523],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000786437,0.00005655993,0.00007799122,0.001049208,0.0003081764,0.0001520738,0.00001016866,0.0001995758,0.000005234749],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001567908,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00055675,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.03621393,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.8096598,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987416,0.00005000767,0.0002961401,0.0001817166,0.0003360304,0.0003945311],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991196,0.0001058804,0.0001099615,0.00006548833,0.0001284572,0.0004706452],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002629015,0.00006508159,0.6277153,0.0000191278,0.00001062958,0.0002270999,0.002766147,0.0008515209,0.2967726,0.00003379949,0.00001125739,0.07150103],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001661416,0.0003291162,0.982594,0.000147128,0.0000116348,0.00004342482,0.0007995623,0.001123504,0.01455467,0.00005480255,0.00001672839,0.0001592931],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9988224,0.0001059673,2.749673e-7,0.0002494841,0.0001734503,0.00006972626,0.00000564341,0.000004836531,0.0005682193],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997219,0.00001231689,0.0000106411,0.0001167007,0.00007209308,0.00000116084,0.000001084019,0.000001464613,0.0000626702],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7734459,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.970204,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2115543162","doi":"10.4141/cjss10029","title":"Predicting soil organic carbon and total nitrogen using mid- and near-infrared spectra for Brookston clay loam soil in Southwestern Ontario, Canada","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Soil Science","topic":"Soil Geostatistics and Mapping","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":122,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada","funders":"Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Otago","keywords":"Loam; Soil carbon; Soil water; Total organic carbon; Soil test; Environmental science; Soil science; Tillage; Chemistry; Environmental chemistry; Agronomy","authors":[{"name":"Hongtu Xie","is_ca":false},{"name":"X.M. Yang","is_ca":true},{"name":"Colin Drury","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jing Yang","is_ca":true},{"name":"Xu Dong Zhang","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01373083475815785,"gpt":0.1873061842896508,"spread":0.173575349531493,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000563503,0.0001457693,0.0001929068,0.0001190194,0.0003484346,0.0001350846,0.0002522616,0.00004778188,0.0000861946],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001336299,0.0001462415,0.00002166898,0.0002830829,0.0005787708,0.0002912831,0.00006312977,0.0002020002,4.197914e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001152809,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.004140621,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.994554,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9996403,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984803,0.00001800164,0.0003269262,0.0002772201,0.0003015576,0.0005960334],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998809,0.00003729925,0.00019507,0.000120461,0.000043271,0.0007949323],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009651543,0.000004790648,0.989688,0.000008465803,0.000005845885,0.00008945958,0.005221553,0.0007343963,0.003394713,0.00000702698,0.00002457283,0.0008115042],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006298749,0.0001393122,0.9766076,0.00009810916,0.00003176926,0.0004900112,0.001215799,0.01636071,0.003037018,0.00103133,0.0000662736,0.0002921479],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9979191,0.00008052977,0.00005584583,0.00003409184,0.0003004425,0.0001063781,0.00001649475,0.00000248835,0.001484593],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986773,0.000002778825,0.001098407,0.0000896787,0.00003987629,0.000001175697,5.275949e-7,0.00001205011,0.00007824826],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01562631,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7345284,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2030171006","doi":"10.4141/s00-046","title":"Short-term C and N dynamics in a soil amended with pig slurry and barley straw: a field experiment","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Soil Science","topic":"Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":121,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada","funders":"Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada","keywords":"Slurry; Straw; Chemistry; Loam; Agronomy; Soil water; Decomposition; Environmental chemistry; Animal science; Environmental science; Soil science; Environmental engineering; Biology; Inorganic chemistry","authors":[{"name":"Martin H. Chantigny","is_ca":true},{"name":"Philippe Rochette","is_ca":false},{"name":"Denis A. Angers","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01343774153609772,"gpt":0.2163096083456973,"spread":0.2028718668095995,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003419116,0.000104053,0.0001451522,0.0000761327,0.0002043097,0.0001645764,0.0002271659,0.0000489077,0.00002823942],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003691285,0.00004573002,0.00002282082,0.0004463725,0.000362067,0.0002393,0.00002213725,0.0001589598,3.401842e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001753318,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002265673,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0144163,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.64834,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990452,0.00001935459,0.0001824031,0.0001828738,0.0002186875,0.0003514884],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999127,0.0000460337,0.00006106401,0.00004022139,0.00007999728,0.0006457002],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003783947,0.00001931182,0.9366924,0.000002955853,0.000005526575,0.0003070492,0.0004508272,0.00001691347,0.01137103,0.0004737932,0.00001610488,0.05060631],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000274077,0.0006974327,0.9885595,0.00008176149,0.000009063161,0.0008873093,0.003405176,0.003950952,0.001512575,0.000318179,0.00007306792,0.0002309305],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9977319,0.0002987801,0.000002446612,0.0008492392,0.0000673984,0.00005308282,0.000004276577,0.000003379154,0.0009895385],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995642,0.0001007257,0.00004795377,0.0002147867,0.00004338057,0.000001470301,7.278547e-7,8.176956e-7,0.000025969],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6339237,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9921468,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2007484349","doi":"10.4141/s05-116","title":"The role of composting in recycling manure nutrients","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Soil Science","topic":"Composting and Vermicomposting Techniques","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":120,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Lethbridge College; Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Manure; Compost; Environmental science; Nutrient; Agronomy; Soil conditioner; Greenhouse gas; Soil water; Waste management; Chemistry; Biology; Ecology; Engineering","authors":[{"name":"Francis J. Larney","is_ca":true},{"name":"Dan M. Sullivan","is_ca":false},{"name":"Katherine M. Buckley","is_ca":true},{"name":"Bahman Eghball","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01054266125440899,"gpt":0.2086728451640319,"spread":0.1981301839096229,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00128512,0.00006304181,0.0001123252,0.00006156674,0.0004676089,0.00009108116,0.0006697793,0.00002905793,0.000004603482],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002539282,0.00002402303,0.00004531132,0.0006908103,0.0003411262,0.0001227227,0.00002781404,0.0001619619,6.901591e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008250835,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001738453,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0504458,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.1114216,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989794,0.00003578112,0.000348224,0.0001022677,0.0002247729,0.0003095813],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990999,0.0002449995,0.0002603459,0.00004377176,0.0002026266,0.0001483275],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009317909,0.00001835551,0.684131,0.000001938768,0.000001154567,0.00001687712,0.00009659873,0.0001287923,0.2234532,0.00079064,0.0001049853,0.09124722],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009897933,0.0001638639,0.9414471,0.0002885907,0.000003612319,0.00009240737,0.0005346102,0.0007919949,0.03923063,0.01039691,0.006821393,0.0001299463],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9964232,0.0004541505,0.00000106922,0.0004542624,0.0001145213,0.0000402568,0.000003324289,0.000006415526,0.00250282],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996246,0.000008461176,0.0002335963,0.00001803293,0.00009819239,3.645712e-7,5.273818e-7,4.688992e-7,0.00001580615],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2573161,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9558774,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2058427991","doi":"10.4141/s01-046","title":"Production of annual crops on the Canadian prairies: Trends during 1976–1998","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Soil Science","topic":"Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":119,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Canola; Agronomy; Agriculture; Crop; Soil water; Environmental science; Sowing; Geography; Agroforestry; Biology; Soil science","authors":[{"name":"C. A. Campbell","is_ca":true},{"name":"R.P. Zentner","is_ca":true},{"name":"S. Gameda","is_ca":true},{"name":"B. Blomert","is_ca":true},{"name":"David D. Wall","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0191446190132914,"gpt":0.1972712667123123,"spread":0.178126647699021,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006285832,0.00009529176,0.000124463,0.0001607633,0.0008270745,0.00009903569,0.0005731774,0.00004950169,0.0001554114],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003246073,0.00003569722,0.00007757857,0.001360781,0.0007522714,0.00024295,0.0000102884,0.0002021561,0.00001097986],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002938999,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003834972,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.4783857,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9894636,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987575,0.00003815048,0.000231692,0.0001588975,0.0003891903,0.0004245531],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987241,0.00003938656,0.0001765721,0.00007715715,0.0002629539,0.00071985],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008296446,0.0001859347,0.641195,0.00003071853,0.00009677342,0.0004856021,0.01355106,0.002011502,0.05054499,0.007148102,0.02422338,0.260444],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00008619581,0.000312727,0.9869279,0.0000561439,0.00001076215,0.0002587523,0.00130192,0.0004589103,0.003394324,0.0001475575,0.006870675,0.0001740892],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9853032,0.00009853688,2.286787e-8,0.009924214,0.0004672531,0.00003745687,0.00002688175,0.00000365138,0.004138779],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989145,0.00001005243,0.000007617121,0.0002189823,0.0002224743,8.831961e-7,5.859644e-7,8.58865e-7,0.0006240529],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5110778,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6361272,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2024807779","doi":"10.4141/s01-013","title":"Decomposition of grain-corn residues (<i>Zea mays</i> L.): A litterbag study under three tillage systems","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Soil Science","topic":"Nuclear and radioactivity studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":117,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Crop residue; Tillage; Residue (chemistry); Husk; Agronomy; Chemistry; Decomposition; Zea mays; Environmental science; Biology; Botany; Agriculture; Ecology","authors":[{"name":"M. S. Burgess","is_ca":true},{"name":"G. R. Mehuys","is_ca":true},{"name":"Chandra A. Madramootoo","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01834898685035699,"gpt":0.2197349862494317,"spread":0.2013859993990748,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004327856,0.00009992933,0.0002133854,0.0003284914,0.0002165035,0.00008956456,0.0003107362,0.00002715961,0.00001431168],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002913618,0.00008638565,0.00005203393,0.0004465344,0.0002715882,0.0003126819,0.00001205271,0.0001426617,0.000007460023],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002239035,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001029224,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004365595,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.05095274,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990227,0.00001647722,0.0002684689,0.0001023797,0.0002921682,0.0002978024],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992813,0.0000306881,0.00008886389,0.0001476971,0.0001332627,0.0003181926],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005559793,0.0005672242,0.5468442,0.0006964157,0.001106974,0.002711901,0.05751217,0.2331554,0.05938379,0.002357862,0.06627908,0.02932931],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001447781,0.001049675,0.9447841,0.000605756,0.0001474579,0.001146862,0.0151269,0.03037745,0.002350445,0.0005933491,0.001602825,0.0007673939],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9950293,0.001206202,0.0001902337,0.0001543382,0.0007564871,0.0000876901,0.000006328992,0.00001246872,0.002556971],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997392,0.00003011078,0.00005006636,0.00002508561,0.00009784466,8.249735e-7,4.979452e-8,0.00001158888,0.00004519993],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3979399,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9663649,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2148055105","doi":"10.4141/s02-010","title":"Spacial patterns of soil temperature and moisture across subalpine forest-clearcut edges in the southern interior of British Columbia","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Soil Science","topic":"Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":116,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; Government of British Columbia; Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Environmental science; Subalpine forest; Forest floor; Water content; Transect; Moisture; Clearcutting; Spatial variability; Hydrology (agriculture); Soil science; Atmospheric sciences; Soil water; Montane ecology; Geology; Forestry; Geography; Ecology; Meteorology","authors":[{"name":"Todd Redding","is_ca":true},{"name":"Graeme D. Hope","is_ca":true},{"name":"Marie‐Josée Fortin","is_ca":true},{"name":"Margaret Schmidt","is_ca":true},{"name":"W. G. Bailey","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.004616956104263437,"gpt":0.1845990180193925,"spread":0.1799820619151291,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007906921,0.00005727704,0.0001355707,0.00004266367,0.0001380725,0.0001547893,0.0003871405,0.0000519407,0.00005877335],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007467297,0.00005573794,0.00003622594,0.00034047,0.0007718474,0.0002068248,0.00002501945,0.0001965283,9.764315e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008581892,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002069777,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.2667857,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.972346,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990577,0.00004280918,0.0002423539,0.000119936,0.0002778507,0.0002594279],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995049,0.0000162548,0.0001487943,0.0001075232,0.00003552743,0.0001870209],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000001930552,0.000008432458,0.9927199,0.000005946833,0.000002179288,0.00005853365,0.002950189,0.0009402705,0.001786105,0.0000109565,0.0001026701,0.001412848],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002210075,0.000073631,0.9957331,0.00009622794,0.000005577111,0.0005143636,0.002408222,0.0002536677,0.000142966,0.0002120354,0.0002573817,0.00008180254],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9991558,0.00007582378,0.000009147002,0.0001007857,0.00009268928,0.00005362279,0.0001439333,7.034173e-7,0.0003675257],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996359,0.00002324998,0.00003970394,0.00006527447,0.00001288296,6.049571e-7,6.974098e-7,0.000004016805,0.0002176636],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7055603,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7380968,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1731780966","doi":"10.4141/cjss2011-066","title":"Biochar enhances seedling growth and alters root symbioses and properties of sub-boreal forest soils","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Soil Science","topic":"Mycorrhizal Fungi and Plant Interactions","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":115,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Northern British Columbia; Canada Research Chairs; University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Northern British Columbia","keywords":"Biochar; Soil water; Fertilizer; Agronomy; Seedling; Biomass (ecology); Pinus contorta; Taiga; Soil pH; Biology; Botany; Chemistry; Ecology; Pyrolysis","authors":[{"name":"Susan J. Robertson","is_ca":true},{"name":"P. Michael Rutherford","is_ca":true},{"name":"Juan C. López‐Gutiérrez","is_ca":false},{"name":"Hugues B. Massicotte","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01541126098037571,"gpt":0.1951897554017832,"spread":0.1797784944214074,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003801445,0.00007206565,0.0001179252,0.00006277167,0.0002785661,0.00008957667,0.0001750145,0.00002806497,0.00003045387],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002245658,0.00002855324,0.00002675332,0.000245153,0.0001841624,0.0006202547,0.00001555614,0.00008225711,0.000002514452],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001642687,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001143464,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.03259923,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.05621408,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999279,0.00001906883,0.0001782243,0.00008989925,0.0001445396,0.0002893293],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990807,0.0001324823,0.0001301143,0.00001944795,0.000115577,0.0005216886],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006996044,0.000006028054,0.4843744,0.00001049458,0.000003890084,0.000002268956,0.0003700787,0.000001609566,0.5118622,0.0003824918,0.00007293702,0.002906659],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004133985,0.0002458589,0.5515032,0.0003031929,0.0000181762,0.0003712387,0.001287342,0.00005032185,0.4453984,0.000233176,0.0003835321,0.0001641412],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9951279,0.00366362,0.00000112916,0.0003958244,0.0002559361,0.00003666157,0.00004605695,0.000002136371,0.0004707868],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993156,0.0004446491,0.00002013486,0.00005085088,0.0001583499,5.427699e-7,0.000002016285,4.463341e-7,0.000007421772],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.06712885,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9738428,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2049631115","doi":"10.4141/s04-081","title":"Soil carbon: A measure of ecosystem response in a changing world?","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Soil Science","topic":"Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":114,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Soil carbon; Environmental science; Agroecosystem; Carbon cycle; Soil water; Ecosystem; Soil quality; Climate change; Global change; Productivity; Soil organic matter; Global warming; Agriculture; Soil science; Ecology","authors":[{"name":"H. H. Janzen","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01603934533520176,"gpt":0.2048695205488463,"spread":0.1888301752136445,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002818002,0.00009789423,0.0002094834,0.0006448825,0.0001310109,0.00005530517,0.0005455776,0.0000456272,0.00003723114],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002873975,0.00004553476,0.0000851845,0.003775887,0.0001913501,0.0001991503,0.00002126709,0.000171519,0.000002253567],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003495488,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008424789,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00833521,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.7680399,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985033,0.00009587222,0.0003622301,0.0001511743,0.0004004105,0.0004870002],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998841,0.00009973897,0.0002158998,0.00005927807,0.0002437824,0.0005402431],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007173601,0.0001213683,0.5546423,0.0000316339,0.00003302758,0.000590587,0.006192829,0.005594902,0.2347317,0.001309027,0.0001058939,0.1959293],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001085675,0.0009491292,0.9155012,0.0008921865,0.00003425063,0.0007669356,0.005351475,0.04197483,0.02519085,0.000319033,0.007146297,0.0007881769],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9953182,0.0003855969,3.310837e-7,0.0015228,0.0001832144,0.00005099456,0.000008885746,0.000003892445,0.00252614],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995445,0.000007836629,0.00003581319,0.0001357674,0.0001554901,0.000001063916,2.102083e-7,8.97842e-7,0.0001183989],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7597048,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9982684,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2153083345","doi":"10.4141/cjss10005","title":"Context for re-evaluating agricultural source phosphorus loadings to the Great Lakes","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Soil Science","topic":"Soil and Water Nutrient Dynamics","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":113,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs","funders":"Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs; Ministry of Environment; Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs; University of Windsor","keywords":"Tributary; Eutrophication; Context (archaeology); Environmental science; Agriculture; Water quality; Nonpoint source pollution; Phosphorus; Algal bloom; Hydrology (agriculture); Water resource management; Geography; Ecology; Nutrient; Phytoplankton; Chemistry; Biology; Engineering","authors":[{"name":"Pamela Joosse","is_ca":true},{"name":"David B. Baker","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03005179054479124,"gpt":0.2263116758185297,"spread":0.1962598852737384,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001246627,0.0001117962,0.0001235998,0.00007547611,0.0007217972,0.0001276012,0.0009879105,0.00003045695,0.0001002284],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003105919,0.00006534754,0.00007787975,0.0005711421,0.0006112322,0.0004279402,0.0000557502,0.0001217854,0.00007617394],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003759269,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002249822,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02119611,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.03916918,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986131,0.00001990536,0.0002482185,0.0002002901,0.0003905488,0.0005278903],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987785,0.00004153568,0.0001592224,0.0001561866,0.0001006942,0.0007638336],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004801543,0.00001922131,0.8379661,0.000004676674,0.00001356358,0.00002261184,0.03314423,0.003081335,0.0008984816,0.0003042647,0.01511007,0.1093874],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001053703,0.001324683,0.8965789,0.0001621846,0.00008050479,0.0004249962,0.01401221,0.006082034,0.008693223,0.004604929,0.06624637,0.0007362682],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9941813,0.0000653102,0.0003823588,0.001235616,0.0005103906,0.0001608223,0.000006162649,0.000005006341,0.003452968],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9975485,0.000002795363,0.0008249014,0.0008791684,0.00007719539,0.000005391303,2.983607e-7,0.000006609509,0.0006551248],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1086511,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9853218,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2126189369","doi":"10.4141/cjss2012-046","title":"Freezing cycle effects on water stability of soil aggregates","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Soil Science","topic":"Soil and Unsaturated Flow","field":"Engineering","cited_by":110,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Brock University","funders":"","keywords":"Desiccation; Aggregate (composite); Water content; Chemistry; Soil water; Congelation; Soil structure; Protein stability; Soil science; Environmental science; Materials science; Botany; Geotechnical engineering; Geology; Thermodynamics","authors":[{"name":"Daryl F. Dagesse","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.006769126187508864,"gpt":0.178556487018406,"spread":0.1717873608308972,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004155079,0.0001045902,0.0001654459,0.000255193,0.0001211834,0.00008637637,0.0003776337,0.00004873896,0.00009862441],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001430451,0.00007274371,0.0000551379,0.0003136255,0.0002689105,0.0004627302,0.000009219363,0.0002246453,0.00004116645],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001802225,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003259613,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01030904,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01041931,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989552,0.000017083,0.0002391549,0.0001045931,0.0002416754,0.0004422236],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989148,0.00005636634,0.0000489967,0.0001697648,0.0002173757,0.0005927163],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000157106,0.00004117863,0.07907058,0.0003909259,0.00008781406,0.0002139489,0.00769472,0.1299165,0.5989894,0.0002162357,0.002633326,0.1807297],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002442881,0.0001161162,0.04631371,0.0002165771,0.000009014631,0.0000315777,0.0001675122,0.01342594,0.9384055,0.0007174595,0.000180541,0.0001717317],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9962883,0.0002650878,0.00001660027,0.000191464,0.0007409719,0.00005064084,0.000002169853,0.00001218427,0.00243258],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997512,0.000009350802,0.00007299005,0.00005696983,0.00008644546,0.000001363848,2.330455e-7,0.000009478089,0.0000119824],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3394162,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9962814,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2172042715","doi":"10.4141/cjss10024","title":"Podzolic soils of Canada: Genesis, distribution, and classification","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Soil Science","topic":"Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":110,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"McGill University; Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada; University of Northern British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Podzol; Soil water; Taiga; Soil survey; Physical geography; Environmental science; Soil science; Boreal; Humus; Organic matter; Earth science; Forestry; Geography; Geology; Ecology; Archaeology; Biology","authors":[{"name":"Paul Sanborn","is_ca":true},{"name":"Luc Lamontagne","is_ca":true},{"name":"William H. Hendershot","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02690453858420477,"gpt":0.1937350106139706,"spread":0.1668304720297658,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004299941,0.00005676688,0.0001001841,0.00002590364,0.0002001046,0.00002355787,0.0002893639,0.00002981388,0.00003935878],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001336157,0.00002539464,0.00002657952,0.0004550915,0.0003763376,0.0001370051,0.00001043653,0.00006072095,4.184708e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001408145,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00158675,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.8183522,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.984369,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992303,0.00001796708,0.0002057554,0.00009636585,0.0002155013,0.0002341209],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988938,0.00002294758,0.0001712141,0.00003620623,0.0003350759,0.0005407494],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001624522,0.00002383865,0.9099283,0.00000765203,0.00001314375,0.00003451255,0.000487521,0.000008105826,0.04102816,0.005974728,0.001260964,0.04121679],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003621553,0.00005565612,0.9954512,0.000008984103,0.000005761688,0.0000536989,0.0003552719,0.0002962377,0.002918697,0.0003255146,0.0004346812,0.00005809835],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9984085,0.0002442361,0.000002988398,0.0003435548,0.0001397738,0.00002468884,0.00003962004,0.000001527144,0.0007951162],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9998068,0.00002596628,0.00003078268,0.0000766631,0.00004006319,3.619623e-7,0.000002187542,3.36503e-7,0.00001689394],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1660168,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2814827,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1947867386","doi":"10.4141/cjss10066","title":"Carbonate removal by acid fumigation for measuring the δ<sup>13</sup>C of soil organic carbon","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Soil Science","topic":"Isotope Analysis in Ecology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":110,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Carbonate; Fumigation; Chemistry; Environmental chemistry; Total organic carbon; Soil water; Calcareous; Dissolved organic carbon; Soil carbon; Soil test; Pedogenesis; Mineralogy; Soil science; Environmental science; Geology; Agronomy; Organic chemistry","authors":[{"name":"Ravindra Ramnarine","is_ca":true},{"name":"R. P. Voroney","is_ca":true},{"name":"Claudia Wagner‐Riddle","is_ca":true},{"name":"Kari E. Dunfield","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01477188281090449,"gpt":0.1934990379955354,"spread":0.1787271551846309,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002222175,0.0001189969,0.0002066414,0.0001665021,0.0003509665,0.00003572019,0.001161677,0.00006075386,0.0003110015],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004743429,0.00009075408,0.00009097615,0.0007773571,0.001339684,0.0003480123,0.00006302342,0.0001857548,0.00001028435],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006139739,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007574963,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.03214552,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.1528146,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982981,0.00006524168,0.0004252597,0.0002272808,0.0004752594,0.0005088753],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998777,0.0000451615,0.0003689,0.0002874857,0.0001265015,0.0003949786],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000938257,0.000126272,0.5347415,0.00003850512,0.0001702385,0.000187956,0.02887286,0.04870664,0.36245,0.0006350264,0.003137461,0.02083968],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001821544,0.001050246,0.3831611,0.0001326633,0.000415368,0.001023002,0.005322185,0.1307852,0.463813,0.007937662,0.003444572,0.001093369],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9894187,0.0001223443,0.0001079693,0.0003437371,0.0001705321,0.0001079953,0.00000421746,0.000003015303,0.009721449],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99919,0.0000112546,0.0003999469,0.0001774577,0.00004594828,0.000003051374,3.609801e-7,0.00001100089,0.0001610343],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1515804,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9742995,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}