{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":20,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":20,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12","author_layer_release":"2026-06-26"},"query_hash":"d8ed5dd1619f","filters":{"venue":"China & World Economy"}},"results":[{"id":"W2105104655","doi":"10.1111/j.1749-124x.2012.01299.x","title":"Monetary Policy and Corporate Investment: Evidence from Chinese Micro Data","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"China & World Economy","topic":"Corporate Finance and Governance","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Monetary policy; Monetary economics; Quarter (Canadian coin); Market liquidity; Economics; Asset (computer security); Investment (military); Liability; Sample (material); Business; Finance","authors":[{"name":"Ying Huang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Frank M. Song","is_ca":false},{"name":"Yizhong Wang","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04540272692136616,"gpt":0.236903118602761,"spread":0.1915003916813948,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002587402,0.0002616591,0.000277974,0.000165494,0.0001511862,0.0002521467,0.0005449203,0.00003663612,0.0002248011],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007952978,0.0002401169,0.00003663543,0.0004833529,0.00008593954,0.006375372,0.0006361417,0.0001432678,0.000669664],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003722525,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003739068,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006690904,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001090329,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988085,0.00000842019,0.000281723,0.0004471622,0.00007162106,0.0003825409],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985476,0.00005083459,0.0005231297,0.0008152727,0.00002221666,0.00004100589],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000236772,0.0000415957,0.974047,0.00005394829,0.00002443068,0.000005208028,0.00004844446,0.000009933046,0.00007854026,0.003574073,0.0200701,0.002023036],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002724971,0.000002080491,0.7875682,0.00007594591,0.00002754923,0.00000129421,0.000004498175,0.0008189531,0.00001342024,0.01105831,0.1999067,0.0002505191],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9749477,0.004614778,0.00006474523,0.002876087,0.0003396339,0.0002225697,0.00006178784,0.00007044961,0.01680228],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.986524,0.0001897062,0.0003744827,0.007012302,0.004076348,0.00001431143,0.0002381738,0.00002949505,0.001541139],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1864788,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999236,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2147928365","doi":"10.1111/j.1749-124x.2011.01266.x","title":"Size and Characteristic of Housing Bubbles in China's Major Cities: 1999–2010","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"China & World Economy","topic":"Housing Market and Economics","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"China; Beijing; Quarter (Canadian coin); Speculation; Real estate; Economics; Sample (material); Economic geography; Geography; Finance","authors":[{"name":"Huayi Yu","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01937577264316213,"gpt":0.1841797373495893,"spread":0.1648039647064272,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000605923,0.0002749655,0.000789324,0.0004941596,0.00009814378,0.00008710624,0.0002741629,0.0001014852,0.001598919],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007188421,0.0003491479,0.0001173501,0.0002192783,0.0001836065,0.000505999,0.0001296144,0.0002279823,0.000116344],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001166115,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002975249,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001948971,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008524558,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979916,0.0000165041,0.001011873,0.0005216193,0.000014088,0.0004442791],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988229,0.00008195481,0.000549531,0.0004146866,0.000009911322,0.0001210135],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009616154,0.0001734045,0.9403876,0.0002319447,0.00007444707,0.00001129821,0.003918947,0.00001253274,0.00001995399,0.05054733,0.0003105183,0.004215848],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009200804,0.0000512734,0.9205635,0.00007082806,0.00001109057,0.000006356065,0.0001160144,0.0008667746,0.0001258193,0.06318299,0.01355412,0.0005311921],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7543237,0.0004388627,0.00007914934,0.0001406528,0.0004417239,0.0001775256,0.00004396717,0.00003180129,0.2443227],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9967225,0.0003393113,0.001310356,0.0001223766,0.0001239534,0.00002263453,0.000009828131,0.00005200097,0.001297066],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2430256,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999896,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4210699689","doi":"10.1111/cwe.12400","title":"The Rise of China's Global Middle Class in an International Context","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"China & World Economy","topic":"Income, Poverty, and Inequality","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Middle class; China; Context (archaeology); Middle East; Per capita; Population; Geography; Development economics; Economics; Demography; Sociology; Market economy","authors":[{"name":"Terry Sicular","is_ca":true},{"name":"Xiuna Yang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Björn Gustafsson","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02962778473430776,"gpt":0.3004321136405465,"spread":0.2708043289062387,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001221261,0.00007882435,0.0001442543,0.00004580245,0.0005893877,0.00007588368,0.0006934002,0.00002087866,0.00123109],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005344708,0.00007083574,0.0000764358,0.0002219323,0.0002158503,0.0003432606,0.0001464038,0.0001681951,0.00001420337],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004726774,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001485182,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.008074928,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.05768995,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988258,0.0003061806,0.0002993556,0.0001806945,0.0001594122,0.0002285735],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994871,0.00006334998,0.0001526733,0.0002078215,0.00002647933,0.00006260171],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005348443,0.0001440113,0.4510672,0.000003585324,0.00001585721,0.000001862777,0.007164931,0.00007753875,7.402857e-7,0.5303167,0.002156516,0.008997626],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003286546,0.00003017362,0.2864372,0.000003861462,0.000002537931,3.631816e-7,0.003992776,0.0004246629,0.000004826057,0.02600785,0.6826693,0.00009780531],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.601596,0.0001412151,0.000004373593,0.003371518,0.0008238315,0.0001330916,0.00003667164,0.00001492901,0.3938784],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99632,0.00002010834,0.00001503105,0.0003314781,0.0002152086,0.00003168189,0.000008664861,0.000004444286,0.003053382],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6805128,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996819,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2164591023","doi":"10.1111/cwe.12104","title":"Industrial Structural Change and Economic Growth in China, 1987–2008","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"China & World Economy","topic":"Economic Growth and Productivity","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Innovation, Science and Economic Development Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Structural change; Economics; China; Tertiary sector of the economy; Productivity; Real gross domestic product; Consumption (sociology); Manufacturing sector; Chinese economy; Manufacturing; International economics; Macroeconomics; Economy; Business","authors":[{"name":"Jianmin Tang","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.06642225870482056,"gpt":0.2193920384848929,"spread":0.1529697797800723,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000971736,0.0003871608,0.0008493182,0.0007109754,0.0001153881,0.0001830562,0.0003679454,0.0001699396,0.0005309833],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008273766,0.000482751,0.0001160884,0.0002256721,0.0001529811,0.001429995,0.0001949449,0.0004822211,0.0006864063],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004793667,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007824893,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00571841,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002018055,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9974163,0.00003943677,0.0009190539,0.0009656566,0.00001891506,0.000640632],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986719,0.00004053107,0.0004460171,0.0004494743,0.00001104208,0.0003810721],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005517024,0.00002677385,0.885069,0.0000200225,0.00003379176,0.000005349551,0.0008896305,0.00003069566,2.300232e-7,0.1093825,0.002656525,0.001830283],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003485568,0.0001084804,0.6853237,0.00001942276,0.000008020083,0.00002914795,0.00005610561,0.002609364,0.0000498312,0.2386595,0.06873858,0.0009122538],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8995279,0.002157076,0.00001205713,0.003588445,0.00162526,0.0005354303,0.0001328071,0.00005639015,0.09236464],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9967158,0.0000786996,0.0001620192,0.0003079369,0.001507192,0.00009287542,0.00004605357,0.00004877648,0.001040611],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1997453,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997624,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3184346463","doi":"10.1111/cwe.12378","title":"Reforming the World Trade Organization: Practitioner Perspectives from China, the EU, and the US","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"China & World Economy","topic":"World Trade Organization Law","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"European University Institute; European Commission","keywords":"China; Premise; Negotiation; International trade; Transparency (behavior); Interdependence; World trade; Salient; European union; International economics; Business; Political science; Economics; Law","authors":[{"name":"Bernard Hoekman","is_ca":false},{"name":"Robert Wolfe","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.006513910770759078,"gpt":0.2311874558026735,"spread":0.2246735450319144,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006317169,0.0001726447,0.0002024991,0.00005478377,0.002850656,0.0006770375,0.0004631573,0.00003818232,0.004529937],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003313058,0.00009741482,0.00006852408,0.001572916,0.001021576,0.0006604501,0.0001245668,0.0003763571,0.00006707844],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001669106,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002270677,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00109614,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02175598,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998424,0.0004846277,0.0002738511,0.0003622262,0.0001829441,0.000272382],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986576,0.0005224549,0.0002061152,0.0004587418,0.00007389743,0.00008112394],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007543142,0.00003819788,0.007099101,0.000002715576,0.00008584233,0.000003887079,0.05464762,0.00004828518,0.000009243158,0.9317481,0.005872759,0.000436688],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000513153,0.000002381364,0.1518088,0.00001570055,0.00006656352,0.000007495146,0.01384403,0.00003782942,0.0002572495,0.008260221,0.8250055,0.0001811154],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.04182538,0.001539884,0.00005818877,0.6965008,0.0004203808,0.0004649151,0.000009761155,0.0001130324,0.2590677],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9782375,0.0002165792,0.0001311628,0.002769151,0.001173952,0.00002282502,0.0000221844,0.0000329387,0.01739373],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9364121,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9984475,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3014201604","doi":"10.1111/cwe.12319","title":"Should China Join the New Trans‐Pacific Partnership?","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"China & World Economy","topic":"Global trade and economics","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Join (topology); China; General partnership; Asia pacific; Politics; Political science; Quarter (Canadian coin); International trade; Economics; Economy; Development economics; Geography; Law","authors":[{"name":"Peter A. Petri","is_ca":false},{"name":"Michael G. Plummer","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.09764707662538237,"gpt":0.2245175528485813,"spread":0.1268704762231989,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003866282,0.000405749,0.0007249911,0.000146312,0.0002666068,0.0003490119,0.0008607975,0.0001218595,0.004018482],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003730072,0.000402032,0.0004210617,0.0004452682,0.0001182964,0.0005733632,0.00008833837,0.0005362477,0.004157419],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001236052,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000577924,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002026779,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001411223,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9974375,0.00002195806,0.0009859694,0.0008299947,0.00002892822,0.0006956855],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984514,0.00004646994,0.0003540492,0.0006435466,0.000007149862,0.0004974196],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007250157,0.00009182956,0.04484314,0.00006660476,0.0002319814,0.00001106272,0.004171644,0.001194606,0.000005397384,0.6654071,0.281076,0.002828139],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000730216,0.00005605847,0.02187725,0.000008079667,0.00001493759,0.000005272367,0.0001256338,0.002334282,0.00006522516,0.0704181,0.9038688,0.0004961417],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.0373992,0.00299962,0.001444657,0.1473418,0.0006028232,0.000572374,0.00009556204,0.0001956833,0.8093482],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9837624,0.0002184558,0.000284838,0.006024505,0.000981606,0.00003314342,0.00003639922,0.00006550318,0.008593171],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9463632,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998432,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2884248620","doi":"10.1111/cwe.12246","title":"Are China's Exports Crowding Out or Being Crowded Out? Evidence from Japan's Imports","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"China & World Economy","topic":"Global trade and economics","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Office of the Chief Medical Examiner","funders":"","keywords":"China; Quality (philosophy); Relocation; Empirical evidence; Crowding out; Product (mathematics); Economics; Business; International economics; International trade; Monetary economics; Geography","authors":[{"name":"Yan Liu","is_ca":true},{"name":"Xunpeng Shi","is_ca":false},{"name":"James Laurenceson","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0776005449717759,"gpt":0.2488809000343367,"spread":0.1712803550625608,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007460725,0.0006319623,0.001240737,0.0004630936,0.00050402,0.0006052554,0.0008627143,0.0002188449,0.005979197],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001863066,0.0007220088,0.0003896386,0.0002853492,0.0002380127,0.001878127,0.0003250727,0.0004366908,0.004534161],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004563548,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006492471,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007624986,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003127376,"domain_scores_codex":[0.995589,0.00002434125,0.001736317,0.00153501,0.00004840183,0.001066974],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9965599,0.0001197295,0.00161391,0.001244724,0.00003472031,0.0004270341],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001238093,0.0001373659,0.961651,0.00006799529,0.0002525434,0.00009462384,0.003488174,0.00006313287,0.00002260421,0.01414439,0.01852913,0.0014252],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00112216,0.0001376139,0.655593,0.0003902235,0.00004687861,0.00002446178,0.0002696046,0.001200004,0.001334871,0.07532339,0.2628563,0.001701468],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8445714,0.001350671,0.0005196929,0.001762591,0.003181373,0.0004556793,0.0001444256,0.0002050453,0.1478092],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9870287,0.0002006921,0.00104229,0.001398238,0.001934767,0.00006831432,0.0000438272,0.0001062827,0.00817693],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.306058,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995231,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4296183007","doi":"10.1111/cwe.12437","title":"An Evaluation of the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement: Market Access and Trading Rules","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"China & World Economy","topic":"Global Political and Economic Relations","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Free trade agreement; General partnership; Market access; International trade; Liberalization; Tariff; Business; International economics; Investment (military); Trade agreement; Free trade; Economics; Political science; Geography; Finance; Law; Agriculture","authors":[{"name":"Bin Sheng","is_ca":false},{"name":"Chenxin Jin","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0963094146078072,"gpt":0.3484339664330438,"spread":0.2521245518252366,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008299772,0.00007196246,0.0001239215,0.00005608618,0.0007877143,0.00008268857,0.000325975,0.00001763216,0.004576798],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001354574,0.00006877563,0.00006116628,0.00006315186,0.0002511004,0.0003479793,0.00009618214,0.00009680202,0.000008948296],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003724604,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001737016,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009854782,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001573282,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989436,0.0003611114,0.0002170136,0.0001915198,0.0000976669,0.0001891056],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994838,0.0001065487,0.0001372558,0.0001609991,0.0000186907,0.00009276236],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001609552,0.00005213237,0.07139806,0.000009378145,0.00005236867,1.6035e-7,0.002766113,0.003500655,0.000001592259,0.9031565,0.01547285,0.003574136],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004361381,0.00001686417,0.3416499,0.00000752695,0.00005459709,0.0000016215,0.002032105,0.02631718,0.000005092451,0.3581271,0.2711948,0.0001570971],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.5948704,0.00007961171,9.681551e-7,0.003743341,0.0001345617,0.0002208424,0.00001556457,0.000007319238,0.4009274],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9983437,0.000008370836,0.00001602089,0.0003554414,0.0001281222,0.00005109582,0.00001088546,0.000004162624,0.001082217],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5450293,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9963332,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2083041068","doi":"10.1111/j.1749-124x.2013.12017.x","title":"Demographic Origins of the Great Recession: Implications for China","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"China & World Economy","topic":"Economic Growth and Productivity","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University; University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Demographic dividend; Recession; China; Demographic economics; Economics; Population; Baby boom; Working population; Great Depression; Great recession; Population ageing; Boom; Development economics; Dividend; Age structure; Demography; Labour economics; Geography; Macroeconomics; Sociology","authors":[{"name":"Rafael Gómez","is_ca":true},{"name":"Danielle Lamb","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02259936586440735,"gpt":0.2193287255950795,"spread":0.1967293597306722,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003737518,0.000197815,0.0004472246,0.0002391614,0.0002788834,0.00007291837,0.0005437025,0.00006967478,0.0009853317],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005915244,0.0001791057,0.0003087431,0.000392407,0.0001359832,0.0005071689,0.00009169027,0.0001681914,0.0002191831],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000127316,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003371797,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005980322,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001933153,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998429,0.00001551124,0.0006918461,0.0005151041,0.000009560987,0.0003389945],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983563,0.00007158847,0.0005667794,0.0008669758,0.00003062242,0.0001076963],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003919877,0.00004053939,0.5835341,0.00003671865,0.00003763388,1.221495e-8,0.00007123325,0.00002388189,0.00001333587,0.4083421,0.0057433,0.002153253],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002348098,0.00001455679,0.5637735,0.000008042378,0.000005560742,0.000001356155,0.000003432041,0.0001765101,0.0001313371,0.2892001,0.1463017,0.0001490636],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.871997,0.001189753,0.001442727,0.01864534,0.0009088945,0.001325421,0.0002235785,0.00005064102,0.1042166],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9953728,0.00005545295,0.0006410042,0.0003039566,0.0002458325,0.000381808,0.00001877379,0.00002885004,0.002951505],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1405584,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999279,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2134052097","doi":"10.1111/j.1749-124x.2010.01202.x","title":"China's Export‐led Growth Strategy: An International Comparison","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"China & World Economy","topic":"Global trade and economics","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"China; Closing (real estate); Economics; Production (economics); Agriculture; International trade; Exchange rate; Fragility; Business; Export performance; International economics; Service (business); Economy; Macroeconomics; Finance","authors":[{"name":"Yingfeng Xu","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03712771515393527,"gpt":0.2383996828892314,"spread":0.2012719677352961,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004519841,0.0003409039,0.0006355052,0.0003862282,0.0001813281,0.0004391064,0.0009039608,0.0001459552,0.005860157],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000316844,0.0004312254,0.0002132323,0.0001829743,0.0001042574,0.001527149,0.0001062763,0.0005948534,0.002061875],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001183155,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003531916,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005578007,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008202251,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9975818,0.00001023735,0.001065422,0.0007900057,0.00002753309,0.0005250087],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984477,0.00001596163,0.0005413619,0.0006575777,0.00002506625,0.0003123719],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000173318,0.0002441651,0.4221487,0.00001030598,0.00007588412,0.000004564894,0.0001967709,0.0001327195,0.00001247531,0.5740191,0.001933468,0.001204447],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008244077,0.00006750312,0.7128177,0.000005044418,0.000006867132,0.00001173775,0.00004942652,0.006683035,0.00014381,0.1083696,0.1704515,0.0005693492],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.5945981,0.00008251333,0.0001304284,0.001096656,0.001631177,0.0001595828,0.00008949894,0.00008672929,0.4021253],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9950612,0.0000449197,0.001046232,0.0004044304,0.0008095074,0.00004069991,0.000191614,0.00004991106,0.002351462],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4656495,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999814,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3203671608","doi":"10.1111/cwe.12388","title":"Did the Labor Contract Law Affect the Capital Deepening and Efficiency of Chinese Private Firms?","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"China & World Economy","topic":"Firm Innovation and Growth","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Institute of Particle Physics","funders":"","keywords":"Labour economics; Capital (architecture); Competitor analysis; Economics; China; Capital deepening; Productivity; Total factor productivity; Business; Market economy; Human capital; Capital formation; Financial capital; Economic growth; Law","authors":[{"name":"Jian Ding","is_ca":true},{"name":"Yixiao Zhou","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008647419802192358,"gpt":0.2079519158014763,"spread":0.199304495999284,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005794495,0.0001677821,0.0003529563,0.00008474861,0.000265191,0.000148192,0.0002683673,0.00003989884,0.0004445324],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001089047,0.0001171737,0.0001049033,0.0004721811,0.0001908057,0.0002434822,0.0001148409,0.0002259266,0.00007411622],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002861608,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002011734,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001656688,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003975583,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988644,0.0000264988,0.0005284915,0.0003204221,0.00002411731,0.0002360411],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989617,0.0001996195,0.0003402316,0.0004232547,0.00003215584,0.00004305156],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006127675,0.00003820972,0.2843211,0.00002197869,0.00004003485,0.000002557256,0.0008027751,0.0000250054,0.00002337928,0.7144089,0.0001077199,0.0002022176],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007270508,0.00003152824,0.8629389,0.00001631312,0.000007252959,0.00001368482,0.00006238186,0.001262595,0.0005708952,0.07801456,0.05611039,0.0002443935],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9193555,0.002760818,0.0001544188,0.004772487,0.0002539611,0.0002157354,0.00004690474,0.00001931256,0.07242089],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9974366,0.00004871464,0.0001024196,0.001451888,0.0001053934,0.00002341864,0.00001457599,0.00001762034,0.0007994021],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6363944,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4867318,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2088683123","doi":"10.1111/j.1749-124x.2013.12007.x","title":"Are Offshore RMB Arrangements the Basis for a Long‐term Exchange Rate System without Convertibility?","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"China & World Economy","topic":"Global Financial Crisis and Policies","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Renminbi; Convertibility; Currency; Economics; International economics; Capital account; Exchange rate; Submarine pipeline; Monetary economics; Market liquidity; Business","authors":[{"name":"John Whalley","is_ca":true},{"name":"Hejing Chen","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02941128655217607,"gpt":0.2302780117496952,"spread":0.2008667251975191,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006500562,0.000333143,0.0007273944,0.0001842405,0.0003517468,0.0003259159,0.0005398852,0.0000860986,0.001006354],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000642933,0.0002913506,0.0003178885,0.0002431471,0.0001107066,0.0004490845,0.0001209194,0.000149752,0.001695165],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002569549,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001669551,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007012534,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007733284,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979301,0.00003322461,0.0008058458,0.0005973598,0.00002781097,0.0006056587],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982283,0.00007400821,0.0007282558,0.0007566723,0.00006606213,0.0001466638],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000309887,0.00007930845,0.8818946,0.0005742734,0.000142274,0.000001480049,0.0008847074,0.00001143636,0.000002273213,0.07790224,0.03734068,0.001135732],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006392015,0.00003952759,0.8268259,0.0000917919,0.00002308797,0.000002030769,0.0002136381,0.0005902885,0.00006898585,0.006439372,0.1646609,0.0004053033],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9123638,0.003088768,0.0007228035,0.004352946,0.001188742,0.00237073,0.0004624222,0.0001106472,0.07533917],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9906709,0.00005597936,0.00007611279,0.001851641,0.0004670698,0.0008158126,0.00002690834,0.00004507666,0.005990484],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1273202,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999539,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2040567639","doi":"10.1111/j.1749-124x.2011.01233.x","title":"Impact of RMB Appreciation on Trade and Labor Markets of China and the USA: A Multi‐country Comparative General Equilibrium Model","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"China & World Economy","topic":"Global trade and economics","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Renminbi; China; Economics; Comparative advantage; Exchange rate; International economics; General equilibrium theory; International trade; Trade barrier; Monetary economics; Macroeconomics","authors":[{"name":"Xin Li","is_ca":false},{"name":"Dianqing Xu","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.06551536858758948,"gpt":0.2444305446687229,"spread":0.1789151760811334,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003936533,0.0002304461,0.0007184505,0.0001796271,0.0000595199,0.00003743653,0.0001988101,0.00007182707,0.0001588404],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001579219,0.0002015013,0.0001498402,0.0001313623,0.0002467592,0.0003644619,0.00006525977,0.0001545966,0.00001278303],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007247581,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002506816,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007907809,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001919783,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986485,0.00002516125,0.0006912828,0.0003638918,0.00001666259,0.0002545061],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989638,0.00005333674,0.0005852581,0.0002992455,0.00000947431,0.00008884574],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000591451,0.0002592025,0.6988323,0.00006389515,0.0003297082,4.770119e-7,0.004212875,0.003986595,0.00001386566,0.2909768,0.0004690664,0.0002637198],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001896932,0.0000761623,0.8194579,0.00001241314,0.00001518556,0.000002140757,0.00002290954,0.1575969,0.00008432246,0.02041952,0.0002266548,0.0001889448],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9385015,0.0007835513,0.00008628205,0.000140017,0.00008296924,0.0003263942,0.0003439156,0.000008397112,0.059727],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984089,0.0002090019,0.0008846836,0.00009392231,0.00004685165,0.00002031758,0.00001466329,0.00001676918,0.0003048708],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2705573,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8216985,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1821525350","doi":"10.1111/cwe.12122","title":"Value, Structure and Spatial Distribution of Interprovincial Trade in China","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"China & World Economy","topic":"Local Government Finance and Decentralization","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Stylized fact; China; Economics; Value (mathematics); Distribution (mathematics); International economics; International trade; Comparative advantage; Product (mathematics); Trade barrier; Economic geography; Business; Geography; Macroeconomics","authors":[{"name":"Weibo Xing","is_ca":false},{"name":"John Whalley","is_ca":true},{"name":"Shantong Li","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.007427545756263248,"gpt":0.2377608655152073,"spread":0.230333319758944,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001815593,0.00007025651,0.0001336856,0.00003197285,0.00005703587,0.0000317599,0.00008809702,0.00004576392,0.00005213676],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005342808,0.00006981759,0.00002250599,0.0001493828,0.0001117671,0.000257883,0.00002607141,0.0000737327,0.000001484494],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002058542,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001096567,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00891733,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01915931,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993746,0.00004909597,0.0001809737,0.0001393155,0.000100727,0.0001553222],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997494,0.00001081703,0.00009198201,0.00006615135,0.000007187434,0.00007447477],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001440028,0.0001214439,0.6729237,0.00003500088,0.00001292011,0.000003967777,0.01780906,0.0004410524,0.00001945458,0.2407841,0.003266049,0.06443917],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007351707,0.0000477532,0.89942,0.00002964231,0.000008336948,4.380881e-7,0.0003261964,0.001416695,0.0003067674,0.03003495,0.06752268,0.0001514119],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9724488,0.00009309232,0.001713324,0.001388321,0.0002471014,0.0002029589,0.00003517672,0.00001514988,0.02385612],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999522,0.00001665545,0.00002810311,0.00005519629,0.0001551463,0.000002582842,0.00003419699,0.000003740537,0.0001823849],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2264962,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9987385,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2068472394","doi":"10.1111/j.1749-124x.2010.01207.x","title":"Business Cycle Asymmetry in China: Evidence from Friedman's Plucking Model","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"China & World Economy","topic":"Monetary Policy and Economic Impact","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Business cycle; Economics; Plucking; Recession; China; Asymmetry; Econometrics; Monetary economics; Quarter (Canadian coin); Macroeconomics","authors":[{"name":"Tingguo Zheng","is_ca":false},{"name":"Yujuan Teng","is_ca":false},{"name":"Tao Song","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04034335377389934,"gpt":0.2272291886335053,"spread":0.1868858348596059,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007739086,0.0004289717,0.000871977,0.0007551213,0.0001913893,0.0002566106,0.0007617919,0.000196827,0.002263626],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000180624,0.0005375637,0.0001962766,0.0004783053,0.0001171367,0.001865155,0.0001981643,0.0008154162,0.001560563],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002001118,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005121865,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01122906,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004244875,"domain_scores_codex":[0.997008,0.00001746075,0.001164135,0.0009952233,0.00002823626,0.0007869706],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981003,0.0001302025,0.000520961,0.0009936756,0.00001011286,0.0002447749],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000887728,0.00024351,0.810749,0.00008114304,0.0001305865,0.00002048523,0.002293141,0.1139223,0.00008816695,0.06550449,0.003315735,0.003562653],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006553573,0.00001118281,0.5603222,0.00005847019,0.000007258186,0.000003712297,0.00001246142,0.2871331,0.0001001811,0.142669,0.008398432,0.0006286477],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9073984,0.0009994353,0.001736766,0.002356375,0.0008988224,0.0002833167,0.0001500674,0.00008113212,0.08609566],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9942483,0.000120633,0.002616328,0.0006926047,0.000616944,0.00004998109,0.00004674727,0.00007003389,0.001538441],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2504269,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997076,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2060923774","doi":"10.1111/j.1749-124x.2006.00051.x","title":"What Do Employers Want? Views of Chinese and Canadian Job Seekers","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"China & World Economy","topic":"International Student and Expatriate Challenges","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Seekers; Hofstede's cultural dimensions theory; Zhàng; China; Globalization; International business; Perception; Work (physics); Cultural diversity; Job market; Business; Labour economics; Political science; Economics; Social psychology; Psychology; Management; Market economy; Law","authors":[{"name":"Ying Sun","is_ca":false},{"name":"M. W. Luke Chan","is_ca":true},{"name":"James H. Tiessen","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01480303279572845,"gpt":0.2828403272031781,"spread":0.2680372944074497,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002877576,0.0001026875,0.0001700269,0.0001621268,0.0002652418,0.0001696992,0.0001931359,0.00003856447,0.000481594],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001044706,0.00009610957,0.00006602765,0.0001252454,0.0001367617,0.0004812432,0.00002536476,0.00007025967,0.00003553878],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001474595,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009246655,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.3468641,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9270194,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992642,0.00003533174,0.0001957276,0.0001714401,0.00009090301,0.0002423739],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996409,0.00003950838,0.00007889837,0.00008472877,0.00003303672,0.0001228574],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001602403,0.00004083199,0.8268408,0.00002560735,0.00007177316,0.000009534204,0.08011299,0.00003297713,0.000008159583,0.07911125,0.006880742,0.006849268],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004559098,0.00002031974,0.3562991,0.00005427477,0.00001194052,7.959073e-7,0.0185079,0.00001290492,0.00001766225,0.04512723,0.5791875,0.0003044762],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7671698,0.001953478,7.017625e-7,0.005474546,0.0004371986,0.0001272149,0.000004156631,0.00001278783,0.2248201],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9924293,0.001037012,0.0000268408,0.0001335633,0.0003996781,0.000005899382,0.000007758459,0.000008124352,0.005951828],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5801552,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6574852,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2109203165","doi":"10.1111/j.1749-124x.2006.00033.x","title":"China and India: An Era of Escalating Economic Interaction","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"China & World Economy","topic":"Indian Economic and Social Development","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Conestoga College","funders":"","keywords":"Conciliation; Eleventh; China; Politics; Zhàng; Bilateral trade; Investment (military); Political science; Economy; Economics; International trade; Arbitration; Law","authors":[{"name":"Dilip K. Das","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008504616238718564,"gpt":0.1980549193232407,"spread":0.1895503030845221,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004132787,0.0002229119,0.0005565433,0.0002937225,0.0001844501,0.0001148395,0.0001794818,0.00009395147,0.00117105],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000007853475,0.0002974402,0.0001083725,0.00008825263,0.00009731263,0.0008181853,0.00006802959,0.0002604192,0.0003831377],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003264594,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003768024,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001661066,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004857091,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981627,0.00001608422,0.0009946745,0.0004880177,0.00001150556,0.0003269925],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989624,0.00002521498,0.000654439,0.0002525819,0.000007854305,0.00009751775],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001970824,0.00009546477,0.4149682,0.00004611323,0.00007593117,0.000002405618,0.001720305,0.0004701906,0.000004620495,0.5730797,0.0008960299,0.008621272],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005841539,0.00003866126,0.8940518,0.00002029743,0.000005542984,0.000005534521,0.0001092299,0.002176776,0.0001232495,0.08338454,0.01910914,0.0003910769],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7602757,0.0002446487,0.0001670742,0.0003590306,0.0004409154,0.0001778273,0.00004481852,0.00002777446,0.2382622],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9964395,0.00004250808,0.001073312,0.0001095774,0.0003538311,0.0000249995,0.00005960178,0.0000328318,0.001863859],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4896952,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999478,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4404567195","doi":"10.1111/cwe.12556","title":"Long‐term Effect of Export Expansion on Human Capital","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"China & World Economy","topic":"Economic Growth and Productivity","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Term (time); Economics; Monetary economics; International economics; Human capital; Business; Market economy","authors":[{"name":"Jintao Fu","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01922283488079765,"gpt":0.2347833859681394,"spread":0.2155605510873417,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008060668,0.0002924296,0.0006743983,0.0005604127,0.0001084847,0.0001118003,0.0002704909,0.00008281061,0.001673082],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002432877,0.0003156509,0.0002983948,0.0001986265,0.0000933086,0.0004764166,0.00007379078,0.0002892972,0.001611988],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001499975,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002178556,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008652208,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000047618,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998087,0.00002368918,0.0007374898,0.0007782302,0.00001976155,0.0003537683],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989312,0.00009440159,0.0002376077,0.0006032999,0.00000729434,0.0001261406],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006404355,0.0001282658,0.6719029,0.0006625633,0.0001867357,0.00003016936,0.000659967,0.00003455699,0.0001219978,0.31532,0.002937365,0.007951445],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001395468,0.001007251,0.8489446,0.0002540801,0.00003815331,0.00002096569,0.00001208095,0.0003028436,0.01451381,0.09994166,0.03245172,0.001117359],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8465801,0.00217413,0.00007059307,0.0002918331,0.001040479,0.0003041424,0.0000549763,0.00008572126,0.149398],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9945135,0.00003168874,0.00002117489,0.00006952625,0.0004652383,0.00005351151,0.00005324374,0.00004967947,0.004742427],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2153783,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999295,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4416936525","doi":"10.1111/cwe.12622","title":"A Quantitative Analysis of the US–China Trade Tension","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"China & World Economy","topic":"Global trade and economics","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Tariff; Welfare; China; Trade diversion; General equilibrium theory; Quantitative analysis (chemistry); Trade barrier; Applied general equilibrium; Quantitative assessment; Economic integration","authors":[{"name":"Jingxin Ning","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ruobing Qin","is_ca":false},{"name":"Hong Ma","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03132365988375008,"gpt":0.227693210633519,"spread":0.1963695507497689,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003626517,0.000219232,0.0008335133,0.0007971125,0.0001665963,0.0000677812,0.0005255959,0.0000785762,0.0004395596],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005131652,0.0002099125,0.0006250759,0.001706592,0.0001357944,0.0002509874,0.0001239962,0.0002099286,0.0001045232],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001570799,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003529284,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00056653,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007691154,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982166,0.00002244866,0.000926248,0.0005021394,0.00001734749,0.0003151747],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986575,0.00006506906,0.0005206978,0.0006825657,0.00001088973,0.00006330935],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001983954,0.00008157705,0.3481449,0.00002583832,0.00108691,5.652487e-7,0.0002411501,0.003669603,0.000007160058,0.6437491,0.002780187,0.0001932286],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003733161,0.00002322526,0.811771,0.00002257961,0.0002196057,4.751035e-7,0.00004650866,0.02356724,0.00009258656,0.06806965,0.09558693,0.0002268211],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6885414,0.001401486,0.0006174258,0.004955761,0.0005346745,0.000259283,0.0001730087,0.00002819456,0.3034887],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9957533,0.00007458889,0.0004224905,0.001009098,0.00002661375,0.00001818927,0.00002089345,0.00001405459,0.002660717],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5756794,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8559983,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W584817878","doi":"10.1111/cwe.12182","title":"China's Anti-Dumping Problems and Mitigation Through Regional Trade Agreements","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"China & World Economy","topic":"Global trade and economics","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Centre for International Governance Innovation; Western University","funders":"","keywords":"China; Dumping; Negotiation; International trade; Business; Regional trade; International economics; Economics; Political science; Free trade; Law","authors":[{"name":"Yanlin Sun","is_ca":false},{"name":"John Whalley","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.08815449591529018,"gpt":0.2242280754901215,"spread":0.1360735795748313,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003983637,0.0002838198,0.0005274643,0.0001913783,0.0001672438,0.0002149475,0.0002620383,0.00009557699,0.0001725688],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001843525,0.0003543862,0.000120884,0.0002031283,0.0001111212,0.001159676,0.00008343194,0.0002085245,0.0004344408],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002069254,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002778352,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004399256,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001118997,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9980643,0.00001403369,0.0007739527,0.0006551102,0.00002844031,0.0004641524],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998984,0.00001348576,0.0004183007,0.0003455656,0.000009536855,0.0002290469],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002545645,0.0002322775,0.4364917,0.0001409701,0.0002466759,0.000008158617,0.004786111,0.001686055,0.000008104508,0.5346854,0.02014392,0.001545124],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001438534,0.00006055258,0.3388247,0.00004191875,0.00001110984,0.00002009688,0.0001134935,0.002399286,0.00004429485,0.2579702,0.3985296,0.0005461909],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7699113,0.002849387,0.0004884865,0.008763637,0.0005665139,0.0004270293,0.00006095468,0.00008148074,0.2168512],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.995967,0.000285367,0.001210544,0.001124818,0.000293057,0.00003763857,0.00008198543,0.00003627431,0.0009632838],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3783857,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998908,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}