{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":6,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":6,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12","author_layer_release":"2026-06-26"},"query_hash":"4db9df4b69ed","filters":{"venue":"Cleaner Production Letters"}},"results":[{"id":"W4293767144","doi":"10.1016/j.clpl.2022.100017","title":"A policy perspective on Nova Scotia's plans to reduce dependency on fossil fuels for electricity generation and improve air quality","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Cleaner Production Letters","topic":"Air Quality and Health Impacts","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Canadian Bioethics Society","funders":"","keywords":"Fossil fuel; Renewable energy; Electricity generation; Coal; Electricity; Environmental science; Greenhouse gas; Air quality index; Waste management; Natural resource economics; Environmental engineering; Engineering; Power (physics); Meteorology","authors":[{"name":"Gianina Giacosa","is_ca":true},{"name":"Tony R. ‎Walker","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05242573297010625,"gpt":0.3450942463175499,"spread":0.2926685133474437,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001275188,0.0004991459,0.000389282,0.001136694,0.001509692,0.00303515,0.0008895107,0.001618081,0.004479985],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002240722,0.0001857057,0.0005606827,0.002208064,0.0009043171,0.0008401201,0.0006043303,0.001824301,0.0005193848],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.02429608,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.07603222,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.8593521,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.8935996,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991587,0.0001789464,0.00004936919,0.0000677195,0.000282185,0.0002631556],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982032,0.00041896,0.0001655648,0.00002611526,0.0008921313,0.0002940675],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000510004,0.0001727524,0.01323351,0.02395443,0.0003039794,0.005311904,0.004651438,0.007301587,0.00784535,0.193427,0.4731533,0.2701348],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002901198,0.00006947875,0.01978104,0.00830207,0.0001037702,0.0003755065,0.002179813,0.0005132284,0.0005185636,0.003238863,0.9648333,0.00005545021],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"commentary","genre_scores_codex":[0.0262643,0.6330287,0.001054529,0.1973316,0.007070577,0.0001766531,0.002523672,0.00009719994,0.1324527],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.2247787,0.662174,0.002975438,0.05637818,0.001502623,0.0001147067,0.001237789,0.00004895162,0.05078961],"genre_candidate":"commentary","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.1406479,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2829525,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4392059596","doi":"10.1016/j.clpl.2024.100056","title":"Measuring the impact of student knowledge exchange for sustainability: A systematic literature review and framework","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Cleaner Production Letters","topic":"Sustainability in Higher Education","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Wageningen University and Research; Högskolan i Gävle; National Taiwan Normal University; Universität Hamburg; Razi University; Lunds Universitet; Universidade Estadual de Campinas; Northern Arizona University; Universidade de São Paulo; Aalborg Universitet; University of Technology Sydney; Universidad Europea de Madrid; Helsingin Yliopisto; New York Institute of Technology; Arizona State University; Beijing Normal University; Högskolan Kristianstad; Birzeit University; Manchester Metropolitan University; Leuphana Universität Lüneburg; University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire; Bournemouth University; Université Laval; Universitat Rovira i Virgili; Purdue University; Furman University; Universidade da Beira Interior; Dalhousie University; University of South Dakota","keywords":"Sustainability; Systematic review; Competence (human resources); Knowledge management; Psychology; Medical education; Computer science; Social psychology; Medicine; Political science; MEDLINE","authors":[{"name":"Gamze Yakar‐Pritchard","is_ca":false},{"name":"Muhammad Usman Mazhar","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ana Rita Domingues","is_ca":false},{"name":"R.K. Bull","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0329829009285574,"gpt":0.3900375054356048,"spread":0.3570546045070474,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.1041685,0.002616473,0.008126127,0.0462392,0.002039486,0.008243934,0.003236745,0.003064648,0.002530851],"category_scores_gemma":[0.1871455,0.001549739,0.01050526,0.0302293,0.003181322,0.00872865,0.006826001,0.002590141,0.0003445045],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0129668,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.06791764,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.008093205,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02149331,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9118081,0.03766106,0.02861226,0.00371783,0.01678225,0.001418532],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.8368393,0.1211341,0.01791698,0.002822974,0.01963656,0.001650045],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"systematic_review","study_design_gemma":"systematic_review","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000139272,0.000146847,0.004836845,0.7933248,0.006624175,0.0002274063,0.003331434,0.0006246346,0.0003922991,0.004146207,0.001858728,0.1843474],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001311526,0.0003768825,0.005887105,0.9420744,0.02371223,0.0003450163,0.003025621,0.0004539027,0.0004679892,0.002959423,0.02046855,0.00009768416],"study_design_candidate":"systematic_review","study_design_consensus":"systematic_review","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.007933306,0.9644136,0.007643459,0.004568366,0.0004026242,0.01150782,0.001311663,0.00005780951,0.002161354],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.1037135,0.8174729,0.04665205,0.002963815,0.000232207,0.02713007,0.001422497,0.0000288898,0.0003841027],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.1041685,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5509021,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4405394710","doi":"10.1016/j.clpl.2024.100084","title":"Actor-network theory-based applications in sustainability: A systematic literature review","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Cleaner Production Letters","topic":"Information Systems Theories and Implementation","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université de Moncton","funders":"","keywords":"Sustainability; Systematic review; Management science; Computer science; Sociology; Engineering; Political science; MEDLINE","authors":[{"name":"Kadia Georges Aka","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01011160186055589,"gpt":0.3163768279501807,"spread":0.3062652260896248,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01384192,0.001310911,0.003434534,0.03020538,0.001119039,0.0036897,0.001975024,0.002415421,0.006815522],"category_scores_gemma":[0.04793532,0.0009581362,0.00359348,0.03038866,0.001518727,0.005529433,0.002553845,0.001656336,0.0007724303],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.003564663,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0181109,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005341262,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01671102,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9920446,0.003173866,0.002086675,0.0006303211,0.001845412,0.0002191028],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.947784,0.0440876,0.003328985,0.0006739917,0.003720542,0.000404805],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"systematic_review","study_design_gemma":"systematic_review","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006079449,0.00006476547,0.001930633,0.6413088,0.001148046,0.0003941504,0.001356252,0.0008643502,0.0002525385,0.005021581,0.007216148,0.3403819],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002913853,0.00007996122,0.003417682,0.8440613,0.005243222,0.0006819083,0.001473494,0.0005487047,0.00020875,0.004089674,0.1401099,0.00005610543],"study_design_candidate":"systematic_review","study_design_consensus":"systematic_review","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0009684362,0.9953318,0.001195359,0.0006999258,0.0001380032,0.0002700544,0.0002759642,0.00001766222,0.001102763],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.009810289,0.9864851,0.002399363,0.0004048157,0.00009631681,0.0003829722,0.0002520036,0.00001180537,0.0001572006],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.998881,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.07320392,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4406071413","doi":"10.1016/j.clpl.2024.100091","title":"From insight to action: Possible pathways for sustainable futures in a Canadian university","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Cleaner Production Letters","topic":"Sustainability in Higher Education","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada; Mitacs","keywords":"Futures contract; Action (physics); Political science; Business; Finance; Physics","authors":[{"name":"Kent A. Williams","is_ca":true},{"name":"Alexander E. Davis","is_ca":true},{"name":"Loretta Baidoo","is_ca":true},{"name":"Joyline Makani","is_ca":true},{"name":"Tony R. ‎Walker","is_ca":true},{"name":"Binod Sundararajan","is_ca":true},{"name":"Mariana Sigala","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01796673049299099,"gpt":0.2968679914303902,"spread":0.2789012609373993,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0068598,0.000611234,0.0004116669,0.001791516,0.05477502,0.01530005,0.002306466,0.003468346,0.009214288],"category_scores_gemma":[0.007111651,0.0004065888,0.0005733575,0.002452575,0.02043599,0.005055183,0.01265018,0.004709194,0.0005814443],"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.120744,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.2192004,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9538347,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9850856,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9923314,0.003136707,0.000097253,0.0005158266,0.001004481,0.002914392],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9942684,0.001118958,0.0002489634,0.0001872649,0.0009775298,0.003198915],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001953389,0.0002278331,0.01652404,0.0003092081,0.00002360394,0.003410986,0.7522588,0.00128785,0.00183072,0.1385706,0.02109229,0.06426881],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001129825,0.00005360927,0.007066714,0.0002477091,0.00001292648,0.000190731,0.8234044,0.0006996367,0.0005413276,0.009699211,0.1579803,0.00009203064],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6673771,0.002946635,0.006683075,0.07981297,0.0007066153,0.0003554854,0.0002718092,0.0001627345,0.2416835],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9764485,0.001052383,0.002904119,0.00232865,0.00001812899,0.00004530041,0.00004891122,0.00003275365,0.0171212],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.879256,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8760632,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4407901545","doi":"10.1016/j.clpl.2025.100096","title":"Direction, drivers and design: The driving forces of sustainability policy creation at Canadian universities","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Cleaner Production Letters","topic":"Sustainability in Higher Education","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Balsillie School of International Affairs","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada; University of Waterloo","keywords":"Sustainability; Business","authors":[{"name":"Brandon Dickson","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.007897506978149543,"gpt":0.2931047352724219,"spread":0.2852072282942724,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.02411461,0.000574385,0.0006228072,0.004674509,0.02658641,0.02495871,0.002494465,0.002293974,0.005467602],"category_scores_gemma":[0.03835416,0.0008505418,0.0006971682,0.006579307,0.01445708,0.004908954,0.00840197,0.00364023,0.00054214],"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.230016,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.3261666,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9153458,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9361038,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9737821,0.008136548,0.0007992344,0.001607627,0.008432485,0.007241994],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.973982,0.006811453,0.001794018,0.0008572376,0.009487421,0.00706795],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000274603,0.0003052411,0.216222,0.001121861,0.0001464368,0.001205788,0.2570071,0.005504083,0.002790672,0.3208863,0.02242297,0.1721129],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00005021563,0.0001356099,0.1768062,0.001256869,0.000136303,0.000188466,0.4321417,0.004834009,0.002237136,0.0646193,0.317203,0.0003912433],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6815544,0.003478321,0.01236282,0.06884142,0.0004115236,0.00101054,0.0006721701,0.0002436524,0.2314252],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9883079,0.0009408467,0.002361912,0.000760063,0.00001594015,0.00008407648,0.00007268639,0.00004382302,0.0074127],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.769984,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8930723,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4417515855","doi":"10.1016/j.clpl.2025.100124","title":"Exploring the drivers of green SMEs: A multidimensional qualitative study","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Cleaner Production Letters","topic":"Environmental Sustainability in Business","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Sustainability; Pace; Government (linguistics); Qualitative research; Sustainable development; Corporate governance; Institutional theory; Qualitative property; Empirical research","authors":[{"name":"Hajer Zarrouk","is_ca":false},{"name":"Sonia Abdennadher","is_ca":false},{"name":"Laura Galloway","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jaber Jemai","is_ca":false},{"name":"Mourad Elhadef","is_ca":false},{"name":"Morad Benyoucef","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04281032284014989,"gpt":0.2688795374222235,"spread":0.2260692145820736,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.009635126,0.000283031,0.0006595876,0.001348119,0.005153684,0.002579877,0.0009050528,0.001203734,0.003427048],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01298907,0.0003780257,0.000330204,0.001499997,0.004362544,0.003633106,0.004113684,0.001918182,0.0004099743],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.003616159,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.003953595,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006849413,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01309315,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9961946,0.00267565,0.0001332949,0.00022945,0.0002762189,0.0004908269],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9887791,0.008137888,0.0007093482,0.0003010236,0.00113154,0.0009411103],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004591267,0.00009038108,0.01240904,0.000243409,0.000007085921,0.001212269,0.9728683,0.0001086008,0.001532604,0.003065638,0.0008987786,0.007518086],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003270296,0.00003965292,0.002667479,0.0001596476,0.000003244274,0.0001559447,0.9898925,0.000173796,0.0002571369,0.0007560535,0.005880432,0.00001096777],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9910817,0.0002490001,0.002429088,0.0024379,0.00002516527,0.0001648986,0.0002997675,0.00001074226,0.003301715],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9946468,0.0004501786,0.001470433,0.001054955,0.000008463281,0.0003534025,0.0001213272,0.00001779908,0.001876524],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.009635126,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.05095601,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}