{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":6,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":6,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12","author_layer_release":"2026-06-26"},"query_hash":"ead10969d8a7","filters":{"venue":"Computers and Education Open"}},"results":[{"id":"W3202986754","doi":"10.1016/j.caeo.2021.100050","title":"Cognitive Presence in Online Learning: A Systematic Review of Empirical Research from 2000 to 2019","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Computers and Education Open","topic":"Online and Blended Learning","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":70,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Cognition; Online discussion; Psychology; Scholarship; Data collection; Collaborative learning; Educational research; Empirical research; Mathematics education; Computer science; Sociology; Social science; World Wide Web","authors":[{"name":"Ayesha Sadaf","is_ca":false},{"name":"Tong Wu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Florence Martin","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.2281282070873566,"gpt":0.5661294717844595,"spread":0.3380012646971028,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01576396,0.001142362,0.004203467,0.02576981,0.00104413,0.002960199,0.001514378,0.001647837,0.002622117],"category_scores_gemma":[0.07367793,0.001129872,0.003914993,0.02092584,0.001525861,0.004423556,0.00240199,0.001471105,0.0003561818],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0054999,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0259063,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01093325,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.03407467,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9862656,0.004207648,0.005936282,0.0009795846,0.002237427,0.0003734842],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.927604,0.05237494,0.008825323,0.001132707,0.009269742,0.0007933085],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"systematic_review","study_design_gemma":"systematic_review","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000162407,0.00003724242,0.001910399,0.874953,0.00244766,0.0002743232,0.001382581,0.0001275286,0.0003062625,0.0006117328,0.002788539,0.1149982],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00006344693,0.000137093,0.004542835,0.9555731,0.009561325,0.0004005658,0.001389093,0.00005100691,0.0001929639,0.0003823116,0.02766927,0.00003705952],"study_design_candidate":"systematic_review","study_design_consensus":"systematic_review","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.00274711,0.9944477,0.0003841493,0.0006761918,0.0001751835,0.0003613287,0.0006724034,0.00001036556,0.0005256128],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.01844069,0.9776736,0.001410051,0.0009009452,0.0001029673,0.0008302038,0.0005035625,0.000009519226,0.0001284439],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02576981,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.08336878,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3152573196","doi":"10.1016/j.caeo.2021.100035","title":"The use of digital technology to enhance language and literacy skills for Indigenous people: A systematic literature review","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Computers and Education Open","topic":"Second Language Learning and Teaching","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":63,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Ontario Tech University","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Indigenous; Literacy; Indigenous language; Socioeconomic status; Pedagogy; Medical education; Psychology; Sociology; Medicine; Population","authors":[{"name":"Jia Li","is_ca":true},{"name":"Amareen Brar","is_ca":true},{"name":"Novera Roihan","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01213157132781737,"gpt":0.3062127701045651,"spread":0.2940811987767477,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.007043837,0.0007509202,0.002698573,0.01392468,0.0008406767,0.002311353,0.001113015,0.001351495,0.002746901],"category_scores_gemma":[0.02476311,0.0006849239,0.002669737,0.01082093,0.0009725096,0.002425322,0.001575755,0.0009207996,0.0002347467],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.003055771,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.02254026,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01607953,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.05674397,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9961765,0.001289672,0.001305809,0.0002297002,0.0008490236,0.0001494049],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9798573,0.01569191,0.001980515,0.0002288187,0.001945457,0.0002961272],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"systematic_review","study_design_gemma":"systematic_review","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006138109,0.00005100643,0.001279029,0.8804923,0.0014237,0.0002349809,0.001885229,0.0001118678,0.0002914226,0.0007228037,0.001598908,0.1118473],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003181236,0.000142794,0.004754708,0.9547693,0.007612751,0.0005125483,0.002424032,0.00006918274,0.0001818746,0.0002826614,0.02918811,0.00003032079],"study_design_candidate":"systematic_review","study_design_consensus":"systematic_review","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.002461091,0.9957995,0.000208276,0.000369666,0.00008869822,0.0002935785,0.0001798543,0.000006266006,0.0005930977],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.012473,0.9860976,0.0007296982,0.0002275046,0.00002977175,0.0002608269,0.00007850503,0.000002917188,0.0001001336],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01607953,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03725183,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3164523527","doi":"10.1016/j.caeo.2021.100030","title":"Analysis of emotion regulation using posture, voice, and attention: A qualitative case study","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Computers and Education Open","topic":"Emotional Intelligence and Performance","field":"Psychology","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University; McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Empathy; Psychology; Cognitive psychology; Unconscious mind; Facial expression; Emotion classification; Emotional expression; Emotional intelligence; Face (sociological concept); Expression (computer science); Social psychology; Communication; Computer science","authors":[{"name":"Maedeh Kazemitabar","is_ca":true},{"name":"Susanne P. Lajoie","is_ca":true},{"name":"Tenzin Doleck","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.145385706927334,"gpt":0.4883450455068624,"spread":0.3429593385795284,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01325717,0.0007867721,0.0009884551,0.001885902,0.008680691,0.003601159,0.00286009,0.002771527,0.002873393],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01790149,0.0006041852,0.0007429265,0.001506694,0.009075928,0.003771149,0.005918891,0.003081509,0.0004549957],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.004828021,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.003637331,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004943384,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.009395701,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9852648,0.01123663,0.000362906,0.0008489524,0.001234854,0.001051782],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9844239,0.01213294,0.0008182795,0.0004250482,0.001167815,0.001031957],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004492092,0.0001341239,0.002822583,0.0002719261,0.0000103878,0.004423075,0.9783677,0.0001452368,0.001351103,0.003582929,0.0009230771,0.007922859],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001042993,0.00008098887,0.001371141,0.0003276395,0.00001102591,0.001816511,0.9806434,0.0004361688,0.0009849655,0.001316217,0.01297496,0.00002664209],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9677237,0.001230132,0.01558874,0.004546434,0.0001290824,0.0006242735,0.0002174386,0.00003771287,0.009902493],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.985726,0.001041028,0.006571725,0.001045509,0.00003465256,0.0005916157,0.00006597282,0.00004638944,0.004877192],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01325717,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.07011139,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4303649184","doi":"10.1016/j.caeo.2022.100109","title":"Moderate Gaming and Internet Use Show Positive Association with Online Reading of 10-Year-Olds in Europe","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Computers and Education Open","topic":"Impact of Technology on Adolescents","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Reading (process); Test (biology); Quantile regression; The Internet; Association (psychology); Psychology; Quarter (Canadian coin); Point (geometry); Demography; Sample (material); Statistics; Computer science; Geography; Mathematics; World Wide Web","authors":[{"name":"Anna Gromada","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02502440154039291,"gpt":0.3124717802695994,"spread":0.2874473787292065,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004768158,0.0002722288,0.0003030066,0.001514283,0.000298256,0.0007915946,0.0002657456,0.0004381161,0.002067133],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001347186,0.0001772557,0.0005393773,0.0009337167,0.0002460977,0.0003870687,0.0005825726,0.000329147,0.0005650583],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001608053,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001893551,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006839057,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.008863267,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996229,0.00005664239,0.00007483659,0.000104977,0.00006471776,0.00007589268],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988287,0.0002316228,0.0004721702,0.00007514873,0.0001571938,0.0002351873],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003066593,0.0000328671,0.998179,0.000006533165,0.00002377335,0.00008202091,0.0001426768,0.00001423282,0.0001181768,0.00001335504,0.00006111411,0.001295614],"study_design_scores_gemma":[4.787834e-7,0.0000302283,0.9995602,0.00000240411,0.000006350891,0.00008221748,0.0001952137,0.00001539561,0.00002796557,0.000005093598,0.00007366589,8.95266e-7],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9991498,0.00009575804,0.00003201014,0.00001145548,0.000002554931,0.000002261668,0.0003256061,0.000002860247,0.0003778198],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988194,0.0001002798,0.000050946,0.00001282648,0.000004178279,0.000004555123,0.0005298463,0.000002552112,0.0004753335],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.006839057,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0135985,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4402070089","doi":"10.1016/j.caeo.2024.100209","title":"Promising practices for online professional learning","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Computers and Education Open","topic":"Online and Blended Learning","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Ontario Tech University","funders":"","keywords":"Online learning; Computer science; Psychology; Multimedia","authors":[{"name":"Laura Morrison","is_ca":true},{"name":"Janette Hughes","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.07257211184672302,"gpt":0.4782281472211855,"spread":0.4056560353744624,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.02087153,0.0004950084,0.0002349509,0.001888951,0.006599647,0.01079425,0.002853846,0.002856318,0.007198305],"category_scores_gemma":[0.03766818,0.000497933,0.000713522,0.00151576,0.006533558,0.01191066,0.009318931,0.002964414,0.002217555],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002407944,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.006456004,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001809992,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003813465,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9706759,0.02104529,0.0007788415,0.001742934,0.00411777,0.001639256],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9468753,0.03340296,0.002967794,0.005576785,0.006475356,0.004701831],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001651922,0.002051587,0.03342514,0.001238713,0.00004981148,0.002044173,0.3588297,0.0007795417,0.007780288,0.09199431,0.007702288,0.4939394],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001382685,0.001981623,0.01474788,0.002094596,0.00005531724,0.003265916,0.5035329,0.003600786,0.008510551,0.1104405,0.3514813,0.0001502904],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.5144526,0.002124646,0.1962646,0.03395737,0.000470291,0.001829072,0.0001043917,0.0008330579,0.2499639],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8567385,0.0009456881,0.1273172,0.001248564,0.00009449483,0.0008423513,0.0000757378,0.0001283885,0.01260907],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02087153,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1103805,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4416041326","doi":"10.1016/j.caeo.2025.100307","title":"Intelligent-TPACK in teacher education: Examining preservice elementary teachers’ emerging views about AI classroom use","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Computers and Education Open","topic":"Intelligent Tutoring Systems and Adaptive Learning","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Education and Early Childhood Development","funders":"","keywords":"Teaching method; Teacher education; Student teacher; Primary education; Knowledge level; Qualitative research","authors":[{"name":"Jeffrey Radloff","is_ca":true},{"name":"Ibrahim H. Yeter","is_ca":false},{"name":"Thomas K. F. Chiu","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05447742741226728,"gpt":0.3466822652421671,"spread":0.2922048378298998,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003427735,0.0001171592,0.0002402369,0.001086352,0.002174288,0.003738262,0.0004594237,0.0006664123,0.001353885],"category_scores_gemma":[0.009286745,0.0002928528,0.0001503865,0.0005587132,0.003360706,0.003359212,0.002900076,0.002530022,0.0002606793],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001242018,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001619795,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006233988,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0130694,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984435,0.0006779816,0.0001153109,0.0001805232,0.0003696374,0.0002129206],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9908297,0.004292404,0.001636658,0.0003833392,0.001451381,0.001406493],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004680226,0.0001773597,0.1984969,0.00007162121,0.000007325036,0.0004513185,0.7831345,0.00007483645,0.002053984,0.001836826,0.0003563077,0.0132922],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000006601745,0.0001436459,0.09711439,0.00008858192,0.00001222221,0.0005257576,0.8934228,0.0003496864,0.000797675,0.0008659948,0.006652683,0.00002003089],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.997025,0.000060585,0.0003134611,0.0002697963,0.000003026668,0.000006370442,0.000005687812,0.000002797102,0.002313347],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988028,0.00009800783,0.0001325067,0.00006778801,0.000001787902,0.000007562253,0.000008807893,0.00000276696,0.0008779448],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.006233988,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0181278,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}