{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":8,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":8,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12","author_layer_release":"2026-06-26"},"query_hash":"8101a1ded576","filters":{"venue":"Computing in Economics and Finance"}},"results":[{"id":"W1594648460","doi":"","title":"Structural Time-Series Models with Common Trends and Common Cycles","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Computing in Economics and Finance","topic":"Monetary Policy and Economic Impact","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Econometrics; Stylized fact; Economics; Covariance; Univariate; Business cycle; Permanent income hypothesis; Series (stratigraphy); Component (thermodynamics); Common cause and special cause; Statistics; Multivariate statistics; Mathematics; Life-cycle hypothesis; Macroeconomics","authors":[{"name":"Christoph Schleicher","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03349935843973352,"gpt":0.2069053393981721,"spread":0.1734059809584386,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002475764,0.001077342,0.001241068,0.001604091,0.000477346,0.002813628,0.002056602,0.001902876,0.006038824],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01051207,0.0008322372,0.001444408,0.002839359,0.000995728,0.003419593,0.001740491,0.002317008,0.001496453],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009290198,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001205212,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00470498,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005196583,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988562,0.0004441714,0.00007585652,0.0002756757,0.0002032622,0.0001449042],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.996025,0.002150332,0.001092866,0.0003206098,0.0002835685,0.0001276547],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006740887,0.00007891492,0.005841825,0.00009813807,0.0001538414,0.0001825548,0.0003377714,0.317853,0.0003755556,0.6499499,0.002148369,0.0229127],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003657147,0.00004518089,0.001092202,0.00002749254,0.00005883029,0.00006510871,0.00005978449,0.7279921,0.0001167377,0.2655958,0.004887927,0.00002228753],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.09867083,0.00160414,0.8799101,0.00219317,0.0001788262,0.0001446994,0.001452265,0.0005692235,0.01527673],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8904319,0.00359352,0.07669502,0.000282552,0.0004207779,0.0004109165,0.002327078,0.0001338129,0.02570432],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","teacher_disagreement_score":0.006038824,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02020186,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1605480935","doi":"","title":"Wavelet Optimized Finite-Difference Approach to Solve Jump-Diffusion type Partial Differential Equation for Option Pricing","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Computing in Economics and Finance","topic":"Stochastic processes and financial applications","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"","keywords":"Wavelet; Mathematics; Partial differential equation; Legendre wavelet; Basis function; Cascade algorithm; Wavelet packet decomposition; Applied mathematics; Mathematical analysis; Wavelet transform; Discrete wavelet transform; Mathematical optimization; Computer science","authors":[{"name":"Mohammad R. Rahman","is_ca":true},{"name":"Ruppa K. Thulasiram","is_ca":true},{"name":"Parimala Thulasiraman","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04014747275359098,"gpt":0.2336992344670901,"spread":0.1935517617134991,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007048576,0.0005616241,0.0009764285,0.0004238318,0.0003681172,0.0006326609,0.001158546,0.001260936,0.002088223],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001344885,0.0003375838,0.0009877717,0.0005906679,0.0004818874,0.0006769393,0.0007899872,0.001791975,0.0003620397],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005808247,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009580307,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005177472,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004183688,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998127,0.00006110041,0.00001387246,0.00002364724,0.00006701888,0.0000218148],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996718,0.0001787537,0.00002326425,0.00001791395,0.00008488441,0.00002345966],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007720567,0.00009187718,0.001266437,0.0002725696,0.00007302126,0.0002258947,0.00014923,0.9001923,0.009850499,0.0474118,0.001410167,0.03897903],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003448212,0.000007956784,0.00002810903,0.000004601013,0.000002643687,0.000006997785,0.000005203894,0.9979271,0.0002399658,0.001290355,0.0004811962,0.000002486972],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.009550383,0.0006020485,0.987225,0.0002160946,0.00008941367,0.00003806439,0.00004967795,0.00007874476,0.002150638],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.3641872,0.001661351,0.6245847,0.0001927382,0.000152549,0.0004471703,0.000318654,0.0001989129,0.008256638],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.005177472,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01029468,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1844489214","doi":"","title":"BEYOND NEWTON: ROBUST METHODS FOR SOLVING LARGE NONLINEAR MODELS IN TROLL","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Computing in Economics and Finance","topic":"Advanced Optimization Algorithms Research","field":"Mathematics","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Jacobian matrix and determinant; Newton's method in optimization; Newton's method; Krylov subspace; Quasi-Newton method; Robustness (evolution); Nonlinear system; Mathematical optimization; Computer science; Solver; Mathematics; Residual; Local convergence; Iterative method; Applied mathematics; Algorithm","authors":[{"name":"Peter Hollinger","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05289484271310736,"gpt":0.3635152609823893,"spread":0.310620418269282,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001945676,0.001777331,0.001210302,0.0009032566,0.0009260323,0.002008308,0.001815016,0.002745445,0.01071596],"category_scores_gemma":[0.005427931,0.001180757,0.001655475,0.001188384,0.002641536,0.003261378,0.002835334,0.00443598,0.003613368],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001495395,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001830424,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01135919,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.009564516,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987252,0.0005113333,0.00004160043,0.0001566167,0.000492899,0.00007235813],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987124,0.0007537795,0.0001585682,0.0001305514,0.000182845,0.00006183134],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007343738,0.00003425015,0.000530173,0.000433482,0.00009074006,0.0003241147,0.0004671807,0.3493721,0.001713713,0.5158049,0.04634392,0.08481201],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002017773,0.00002885646,0.0001982123,0.0001359353,0.00001753939,0.00008670916,0.00004805397,0.7281215,0.000914356,0.1936527,0.07672571,0.00005030958],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.001125638,0.002670029,0.9768947,0.002217253,0.0003863696,0.00004396806,0.0001064017,0.0008997995,0.01565576],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0932051,0.006351761,0.8381323,0.001424043,0.001158167,0.0004925873,0.0003711732,0.002277582,0.05658731],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01135919,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03584844,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1503615460","doi":"","title":"Capturing Non-Linearity in the Term Structure of Interest Rates: A Fuzzy Logic Method of Estimating the Yield Curve","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Computing in Economics and Finance","topic":"Financial Markets and Investment Strategies","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"","keywords":"Yield curve; Bootstrapping (finance); Fuzzy logic; Term (time); Coupon; Function (biology); Mathematics; Bond valuation; Cluster analysis; Econometrics; Mathematical optimization; Applied mathematics; Computer science; Bond; Economics; Statistics; Finance","authors":[{"name":"R. Garth Taylor","is_ca":false},{"name":"David E. A. Giles","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0647102218686725,"gpt":0.2670036436100962,"spread":0.2022934217414237,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003696768,0.0004794964,0.0006682398,0.002094254,0.0005191438,0.001224102,0.001134876,0.0007949167,0.0009346513],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01395392,0.0003755247,0.00076925,0.001000251,0.0007654896,0.002073724,0.0006330623,0.001580196,0.0002521463],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001012254,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007338813,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004000899,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002608555,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987212,0.0004783279,0.00007623227,0.0002398068,0.000425574,0.00005884592],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9957479,0.002873665,0.0004456792,0.0003953899,0.0004788125,0.00005851298],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001288144,0.00009768146,0.005988102,0.0001212914,0.0001630661,0.0001356015,0.0006120999,0.4979765,0.01440761,0.1460275,0.0008417558,0.3334999],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000009759786,0.00002397748,0.0011942,0.00001510302,0.00002041318,0.0000509315,0.0000252338,0.956416,0.002575575,0.03857861,0.001061166,0.00002903404],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.007059208,0.0000500279,0.9924154,0.00004860546,0.000003897234,0.00000757515,0.00001687034,0.00004146771,0.0003568282],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.3192612,0.0002816765,0.6789518,0.00008464401,0.00006505757,0.00007695879,0.0001230449,0.00006097923,0.001094714],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.004000899,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01955062,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3146412303","doi":"","title":"Testing The Pricing-To-Market Hypothesis Case Of The Transportation Equipment Industry","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Computing in Economics and Finance","topic":"Global trade and economics","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Endogeneity; Econometrics; Wald test; Monte Carlo method; Economics; Null hypothesis; Instrumental variable; Statistical hypothesis testing; Statistics; Mathematics","authors":[{"name":"Maral Kichian","is_ca":false},{"name":"Linda Khalaf","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05303844186814938,"gpt":0.2020708078808646,"spread":0.1490323660127152,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01917206,0.0004777491,0.001650525,0.001870462,0.001029283,0.002220632,0.002724867,0.003316479,0.009992746],"category_scores_gemma":[0.1274447,0.0003649312,0.00203326,0.001433977,0.004336939,0.003934813,0.002256842,0.001935159,0.0005310311],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007357986,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009412374,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003154266,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001254578,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9832476,0.009350694,0.0008005871,0.003261507,0.002120513,0.001219198],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.8274716,0.1386396,0.02073356,0.008618664,0.003021206,0.001515335],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001963589,0.00133292,0.6256858,0.00072547,0.002602053,0.01159245,0.003246055,0.05362631,0.006525069,0.2098647,0.003036543,0.07979912],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006683611,0.002028255,0.2078412,0.0001069858,0.001149227,0.003489889,0.003708796,0.6466829,0.007517339,0.1237326,0.002876383,0.000198126],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.956948,0.0001621823,0.03335977,0.001380387,0.00004625,0.0001429183,0.0002261056,0.00006696378,0.007667514],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9958667,0.00004720399,0.003502289,0.00006462619,0.00005768406,0.00004454393,0.00008278808,0.000005196583,0.0003290124],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01917206,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1013927,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3140163649","doi":"","title":"What do robust policies look like for open economy in‡ation targeters?","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Computing in Economics and Finance","topic":"Fiscal Policies and Political Economy","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Economics; Exchange rate; New Keynesian economics; Open economy; Monetary policy; Inflation targeting; Volatility (finance); Monetary economics; Small open economy; Central bank; Output gap; Keynesian economics; Real economy; Transparency (behavior); Context (archaeology); Interest rate; Economy; Macroeconomics; Financial economics","authors":[{"name":"Kirdan Lees","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03022010157757146,"gpt":0.2376483979274563,"spread":0.2074282963498849,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.006607854,0.0003866572,0.0009806326,0.0006999146,0.0006935972,0.004351201,0.0008595712,0.002393435,0.003952981],"category_scores_gemma":[0.04575163,0.0003458605,0.0004696547,0.0004777222,0.001814338,0.004959247,0.0008169478,0.001755788,0.000602006],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001502265,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009216623,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001716553,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001221954,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981332,0.0007655218,0.00009169084,0.000380645,0.0002786224,0.0003502054],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9838243,0.007127936,0.005508473,0.001331561,0.001340873,0.0008669099],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001352648,0.0004605975,0.1024002,0.0005460959,0.0008697935,0.0008069015,0.001473084,0.2094871,0.005180455,0.460019,0.01370333,0.2037008],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002203891,0.0004285152,0.03031194,0.0001976429,0.0001860088,0.0003352453,0.001786641,0.1158354,0.003439049,0.8353054,0.01182191,0.0001318811],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6615605,0.003113422,0.246047,0.05400447,0.0006251345,0.0001491277,0.0007260136,0.0007233915,0.03305097],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9900919,0.0005672087,0.006966485,0.0009561206,0.0001679047,0.00003047657,0.00008250694,0.00004483177,0.001092453],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.006607854,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03494614,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3141251260","doi":"","title":"Algorithmic Design and Beowulf Cluster Implementation of Stochastic Simulation Code of Stochastic Simulation Code for Large Scale Non Linear Models","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Computing in Economics and Finance","topic":"Simulation Techniques and Applications","field":"Decision Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Solver; Computation; Mathematical optimization; Nonlinear system; Algorithm; Mathematics","authors":[{"name":"gary anderson and raymond board","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.08592655342785195,"gpt":0.3935978342898577,"spread":0.3076712808620058,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008333589,0.0005598413,0.0004159277,0.000514437,0.0006832243,0.0009739255,0.002036896,0.0006755005,0.0105679],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003801317,0.0003811773,0.0004306845,0.001080711,0.0005145769,0.0006087222,0.0007505396,0.001306734,0.002286159],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001221309,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002709007,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01112348,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.008453149,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991785,0.0002348411,0.00005398661,0.0001116786,0.0003176497,0.000103308],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989607,0.0002713799,0.00006807785,0.0002667668,0.0003496728,0.00008330485],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004518681,0.0002287522,0.002964428,0.000192187,0.0001008878,0.0002641378,0.0003024585,0.7030786,0.01004713,0.1249619,0.02373057,0.1336772],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00008119336,0.00002929203,0.0001989199,0.000007026314,0.000008106255,0.00002709688,0.00001779558,0.974854,0.004019018,0.008381075,0.01236623,0.0000103329],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.02717506,0.0001064814,0.9473299,0.0004168044,0.0001082653,0.0003814089,0.0005615039,0.0142345,0.009686017],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.2165928,0.0001391488,0.7738199,0.0001404613,0.00002697163,0.001009295,0.001338457,0.001238161,0.00569476],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01112348,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03535318,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3147406886","doi":"","title":"Magnitude X on the Richter Scale: Welfare Cost of Business Cycles in Developing Countries","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Computing in Economics and Finance","topic":"Monetary Policy and Economic Impact","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Developing country; Economics; Welfare; Scale (ratio); Business cycle; Economies of scale; Developed country; Macroeconomics; Microeconomics; Economic growth; Market economy; Population; Geography","authors":[{"name":"Stephane Pallage and Michel A. Robe","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04431513021735349,"gpt":0.2200044259496522,"spread":0.1756892957322987,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001264477,0.0003674105,0.0004699861,0.001354538,0.0004491645,0.001930273,0.0002774592,0.0006270733,0.003516048],"category_scores_gemma":[0.008522856,0.0001191808,0.0004899722,0.001030674,0.001366044,0.002396823,0.00133712,0.001203056,0.0001266664],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001018176,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003837484,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001985878,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001900993,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995283,0.0002560058,0.00001836243,0.00004621354,0.00009147054,0.00005963345],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9958398,0.002304509,0.001011382,0.0003441928,0.000311669,0.0001884362],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003367581,0.0001216939,0.04672413,0.000203235,0.0003266941,0.0005648981,0.0005789222,0.1011564,0.002276392,0.7453703,0.012114,0.09022652],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000494108,0.0001138776,0.08432299,0.000144658,0.0001931128,0.0003228023,0.001088145,0.07569819,0.001621452,0.8232186,0.01314763,0.00007922917],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.855464,0.004700345,0.04636111,0.01734914,0.0002211848,0.00006684073,0.001163589,0.0001157403,0.074558],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9945425,0.001129464,0.001807341,0.0003174018,0.00009414395,0.00002221,0.0001147052,0.00001266939,0.001959534],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.003516048,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01176238,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}