{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":314,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":314,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12"},"query_hash":"cf28e025e2a0","filters":{"venue":"Developmental Science"}},"results":[{"id":"W2165566278","doi":"10.1111/j.1467-7687.2004.00351.x","title":"Attention and inhibition in bilingual children: evidence from the dimensional change card sort task","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Developmental Science","topic":"Neurobiology of Language and Bilingualism","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":962,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"York University","keywords":"Psychology; Cognitive psychology; Perception; Task (project management); Stimulus (psychology); Card sorting; sort; Representation (politics); Task analysis; Developmental psychology; Computer science; Neuroscience","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04860318087921323,"gpt":0.2795813687828113,"spread":0.2309781879035981,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004887172,0.0001242132,0.00009616741,0.00008670749,0.0004082299,0.00006988273,0.0002218487,0.00004065079,0.00001269451],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004332791,0.00008567085,0.00002107732,0.0005773777,0.0008777281,0.0005735217,0.0002797974,0.0001571835,0.0000347561],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000111108,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002236666,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007702632,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003878829,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984419,0.00005792274,0.0001886714,0.0006273391,0.0003797562,0.0003043979],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995888,0.00014438,0.00005989183,0.0001196699,0.00002039885,0.00006682933],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001023642,0.00002956739,0.03738476,0.000001014135,5.81974e-7,0.0001362814,0.002510444,0.000004275485,0.9577899,0.00004562793,0.000005599065,0.002081725],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003723254,0.00004119267,0.6158056,0.0001363092,0.00000289586,0.0004825933,0.0001999834,0.00001202544,0.3823106,0.0004411984,0.00001895548,0.0001763043],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9982056,0.0001308999,0.000005901923,0.001048329,0.0002263528,0.0002965643,0.00001655974,0.00003247711,0.00003732455],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.996729,0.00004621034,0.000407612,0.002708127,0.00007339468,0.00001339547,0.000007623374,0.00000496869,0.000009731296],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5784208,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3493556,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2143576607","doi":"10.1111/j.1467-7687.2005.00395.x","title":"Number sense in human infants","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Developmental Science","topic":"Cognitive and developmental aspects of mathematical skills","field":"Mathematics","cited_by":631,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; National Institutes of Health; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Psychology; Cognitive psychology; Developmental psychology; Number sense; Cognitive science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03158515838835688,"gpt":0.3301944586881131,"spread":0.2986093002997563,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006758368,0.0001691454,0.000193017,0.0001381356,0.0002632079,0.00007252555,0.0002666598,0.00004055599,0.0004827648],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004801613,0.0001463062,0.00003057352,0.0009553942,0.0003919946,0.0003993566,0.0002963501,0.00012762,0.0006522136],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005337968,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002697651,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005252807,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001250538,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981136,0.00001181636,0.0003614799,0.0003781818,0.0006350107,0.0004999174],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995001,0.00009622104,0.00005906969,0.0001199884,0.00006016645,0.0001644668],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004768867,0.002418503,0.08330351,0.0001545951,0.00003600685,0.001103244,0.01608294,0.000003850958,0.1211491,0.7583117,0.0009079977,0.01648088],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001201219,0.00002246825,0.1434173,0.0002642024,0.000003097051,0.0002242642,0.0007761866,0.000002335883,0.1239162,0.7295104,0.0001767646,0.0004856158],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8775473,0.000001878471,0.0002266419,0.0001082295,0.00005711607,0.0002010796,0.000001575343,0.00006142065,0.1217947],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9380708,0.000001535221,0.06139676,0.0001862656,0.00001269971,0.00001675062,0.000001562743,0.00001118885,0.0003024644],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1214923,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8383104,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2157639324","doi":"10.1111/desc.12193","title":"Interpersonal synchrony increases prosocial behavior in infants","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Developmental Science","topic":"Action Observation and Synchronization","field":"Psychology","cited_by":567,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Baycrest Hospital; McMaster University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Prosocial behavior; Psychology; Interpersonal communication; Developmental psychology; Musical; Social relation; Interpersonal relationship; Social psychology; Communication; Cognitive psychology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02254642239910437,"gpt":0.3141324255877209,"spread":0.2915860031886165,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004640186,0.00007837943,0.00007820093,0.0001557741,0.0001782453,0.00004529723,0.0002125364,0.00004351762,0.002757673],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001536394,0.00007660966,0.00001385342,0.0006561803,0.0002492056,0.0003211452,0.00006422354,0.0000774769,0.0006421835],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003071366,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001782486,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001602502,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001806594,"domain_scores_codex":[0.99897,0.00004453141,0.0001881889,0.0002763314,0.0002834802,0.0002375002],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997211,0.00002795913,0.00005600148,0.00007303337,0.000046202,0.00007570809],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000174843,0.0001624575,0.937847,0.000001780676,0.000001777888,0.000003425617,0.002216188,6.399764e-7,0.002502321,0.001983111,0.0008169084,0.05444691],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003321522,0.00002545432,0.9950809,0.000008855143,0.000001202777,0.00001518443,0.0006208756,0.0001645176,0.0004782949,0.0000296856,0.003131037,0.0001117891],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9694893,0.000003686035,0.0005345854,0.00007777128,0.0004763462,0.0001524043,0.000001953967,0.0000410156,0.02922291],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9974148,6.196553e-7,0.001219587,0.0005056966,0.00004938436,0.00006189567,0.000009630689,0.000005455923,0.000732881],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.05723396,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9981539,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2066213611","doi":"10.1111/j.1467-7687.2007.00549.x","title":"Listening to language at birth: evidence for a bias for speech in neonates","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Developmental Science","topic":"Animal Vocal Communication and Behavior","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":559,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; McGill University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Active listening; Psychology; Speech perception; Language development; Preference; Cognitive psychology; Human language; Language acquisition; Developmental psychology; Perception; Communication; Linguistics; Neuroscience","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1076097693308164,"gpt":0.3969803679458738,"spread":0.2893705986150574,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008757617,0.00006729786,0.00005624706,0.00006392703,0.0001551687,0.00002371253,0.0003554344,0.00003345886,0.000009107696],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004982942,0.00006176248,0.00002567878,0.0002581935,0.00009107406,0.000008825588,0.0002589816,0.00002443675,0.000009319026],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009843991,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001013489,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003497647,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008581483,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992326,0.000005792574,0.0001409557,0.0002498224,0.0001142914,0.0002565708],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996575,0.00005254812,0.00002955538,0.0001125816,0.00006107605,0.00008670107],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001145398,0.00001493483,0.01589609,0.00000491224,6.741762e-7,8.940964e-7,0.000333177,7.163594e-7,0.9657605,0.00002913483,0.0001515234,0.01769291],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002105803,0.0001286969,0.09325559,0.00002743058,0.000001114714,0.000009453807,0.0006128877,0.00002011991,0.8876998,0.000005245529,0.01790035,0.0001287702],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9965746,0.0001263275,0.002425343,0.0001382674,0.00004170344,0.0003494219,0.000005735151,0.000007237676,0.000331359],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9413033,0.000006557136,0.05696012,0.0005076225,0.00001789484,0.00004339317,0.00001294881,0.000005560299,0.00114258],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.07806074,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2518601,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2099869405","doi":"10.1111/j.1467-7687.2006.00495.x","title":"The shape of boubas: sound–shape correspondences in toddlers and adults","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Developmental Science","topic":"Multisensory perception and integration","field":"Psychology","cited_by":553,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Brock University; McMaster University","funders":"McMaster University","keywords":"Psychology; Sound (geography); Cognitive psychology; Communication; Developmental psychology; Acoustics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02673731162725339,"gpt":0.3154338786834084,"spread":0.288696567056155,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004600002,0.00006526712,0.0000627332,0.00009451941,0.0002039698,0.00004697082,0.0001922966,0.00002927286,0.0009954625],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004967297,0.00004490885,0.00001110363,0.0003861576,0.0007065992,0.0001601178,0.0000360291,0.00005910611,0.0000898126],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006387386,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006349189,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004853451,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001474836,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991111,0.00003396031,0.0002092021,0.0002195249,0.0002335535,0.0001926237],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997322,0.00006777371,0.0000577664,0.00006822545,0.00004080012,0.00003322594],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003872813,0.0001736272,0.5184319,0.000008981995,0.00000499188,0.000008487301,0.02262231,0.000006455788,0.04365982,0.01165945,0.002856365,0.4001803],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002575011,0.00003330745,0.9868925,0.00001640982,5.020692e-7,0.00001121975,0.009633284,0.001269616,0.0004902543,0.0001684124,0.001155783,0.00007119473],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.981035,0.00004891511,0.00001021632,0.0001133699,0.0003080153,0.0001140177,0.000001983126,0.00001034662,0.01835817],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982215,0.00001229463,0.0004100373,0.00009675077,0.00001263642,0.00001181757,0.000001766334,0.000002358708,0.001230841],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4684606,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999177,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1817799429","doi":"10.1111/j.1467-7687.2011.01093.x","title":"Social factors in the development of early executive functioning: a closer look at the caregiving environment","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Developmental Science","topic":"Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development","field":"Psychology","cited_by":534,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Psychology; Developmental psychology; Flexibility (engineering); Cognitive flexibility; Executive functions; Cognition; Child development; Cognitive development; Emotional security","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05335500933077509,"gpt":0.2706076142337013,"spread":0.2172526049029262,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008381378,0.0001789263,0.0001391662,0.00009865722,0.001091438,0.00002818837,0.0006055992,0.00005282186,0.0007527622],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001068101,0.0001053363,0.00005857118,0.0005021689,0.0006827296,0.0001258959,0.0002447161,0.0001632613,0.0001661791],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003894928,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002490021,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001177541,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001572639,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998013,0.00007408246,0.0003918583,0.0003985621,0.0006816891,0.000440824],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996048,0.00004583986,0.0001380731,0.0001250582,0.0000274895,0.00005871261],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006959171,0.0003443855,0.4825745,0.000007062628,0.00003593405,0.00000456917,0.503162,4.028452e-7,0.00109075,0.003721655,0.0009766778,0.008012536],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002281585,0.00002010704,0.9657025,0.00002496987,0.000003871795,0.000004941818,0.02430148,1.802124e-7,0.001843133,0.0002015478,0.007506581,0.0001625781],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9478402,0.00003394193,0.00006561047,0.0001751714,0.0004128495,0.0002784133,0.000003065417,0.00001163646,0.05117917],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9976282,0.000003277014,0.0004373672,0.0002075768,0.00003584752,0.00003755538,0.000006656131,0.000007462981,0.001636033],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.483128,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8394565,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2585258968","doi":"10.1111/desc.12532","title":"Around the world, adolescence is a time of heightened sensation seeking and immature self‐regulation","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Developmental Science","topic":"Adventure Sports and Sensation Seeking","field":"Psychology","cited_by":511,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Brock University","funders":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; Fogarty International Center","keywords":"Preadolescence; Sensation seeking; Psychology; Developmental psychology; Young adult; Adolescent development; Test (biology); Demography; Personality; Social psychology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01589712800437719,"gpt":0.2844015983982549,"spread":0.2685044703938777,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005568137,0.00009276636,0.0000974449,0.00008676296,0.0009854313,0.0001417219,0.0002858342,0.00003645031,0.0001916655],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002453479,0.00006552858,0.00001916109,0.0002136699,0.0004619768,0.0003575571,0.0001078328,0.00008049904,0.00003217804],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005634494,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006481085,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003986188,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002828412,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989856,0.00001885755,0.0001940633,0.000283579,0.000330741,0.0001871158],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993002,0.00002644048,0.0002896671,0.0002592948,0.00007743622,0.00004700812],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001575084,0.0001641321,0.5737736,0.00004228868,0.00008280581,0.00002403497,0.1150937,0.00000981682,0.204284,0.01608337,0.002074613,0.08821014],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001617816,0.000006514452,0.9930865,0.00004029269,0.000005734652,0.0000275568,0.0008472462,0.001171621,0.002556494,0.0003534611,0.00164124,0.0001015183],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9846082,0.00003398359,0.0005653141,0.0009510558,0.000306241,0.0001967833,0.000002338948,0.00002603711,0.01331008],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9954545,0.000002201682,0.002536374,0.0003156661,0.00004990038,0.000003148169,0.00000225959,0.000005355361,0.001630515],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.419313,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.757924,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2017423779","doi":"10.1111/j.1467-7687.2007.00623.x","title":"What did Simon say? Revisiting the bilingual advantage","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Developmental Science","topic":"Reading and Literacy Development","field":"Psychology","cited_by":477,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Socioeconomic status; Psychology; Ethnic group; Cognition; Control (management); Neuroscience of multilingualism; Task (project management); Developmental psychology; Cognitive psychology; Bilingual education; Linguistics; Demography; Mathematics education; Artificial intelligence; Computer science; Sociology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01920282923641716,"gpt":0.3446233326539475,"spread":0.3254205034175303,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004463527,0.0001791803,0.0001376398,0.0001683669,0.0007841032,0.0003582601,0.0007367976,0.00004754709,0.000448599],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001547415,0.0001210506,0.00004025473,0.001097903,0.0004745158,0.0006813019,0.0002305836,0.0002114613,0.0007095356],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002812471,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002505114,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003378519,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001945461,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9975429,0.00004627624,0.0004284813,0.0005699348,0.0006165799,0.000795858],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991088,0.0002547216,0.0001199047,0.0002719259,0.00007161161,0.0001730175],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003845372,0.00004042559,0.04465045,0.000007882169,0.00001713736,0.0001283404,0.03505078,0.000001386088,0.008293094,0.004851232,0.0005475857,0.9063732],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005293987,0.00004797542,0.5866089,0.0002633498,0.000008612118,0.0002739592,0.08429548,0.00002406146,0.02325138,0.0003034641,0.3036771,0.0007162584],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9213868,0.0003847086,0.0004344466,0.0006958989,0.002765882,0.0002251619,0.000001061528,0.00009012659,0.07401593],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9876449,0.00003134848,0.004588352,0.001504397,0.0002265714,0.000009588048,0.000005153555,0.00001396277,0.005975781],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.905657,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9119881,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2036671961","doi":"10.1111/j.1467-7687.2008.00714.x","title":"Playing linear numerical board games promotes low‐income children's numerical development","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Developmental Science","topic":"Cognitive and developmental aspects of mathematical skills","field":"Mathematics","cited_by":432,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"AGE-WELL","keywords":"Psychology; Computer simulation; Low income; Numerical analysis; Numerical cognition; Numerical models; Simple (philosophy); Mathematics education; Computer science; Mathematics; Simulation; Sociology; Socioeconomics; Cognition","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02675484841280633,"gpt":0.2818057976397681,"spread":0.2550509492269618,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007590011,0.0005243566,0.0005938731,0.0002781698,0.00159811,0.0001042207,0.0009394754,0.0001086436,0.0005878514],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001199424,0.0004329239,0.0001177722,0.001446194,0.0008395855,0.0006312978,0.000884384,0.0003453984,0.001241122],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006266382,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001054443,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001932558,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000306316,"domain_scores_codex":[0.995101,0.00004817027,0.0008922489,0.0009882305,0.001801012,0.001169309],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983151,0.0003970371,0.0002108002,0.0002740976,0.0002026598,0.0006002928],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003388853,0.007627706,0.8043625,0.00057831,0.0006523991,0.001434662,0.0358719,0.000007994003,0.02338287,0.01862246,0.004854976,0.1022654],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001477927,0.0001543551,0.8304737,0.0005332044,0.00002394855,0.001439486,0.0004046438,0.0003895475,0.1536117,0.008633698,0.0007394626,0.002118363],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.979575,0.00002524078,0.009900379,0.00013324,0.0001686366,0.0006374252,0.000005704022,0.0003356812,0.009218691],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7120249,0.000006011048,0.2871939,0.0002065664,0.00005659673,0.00005960529,0.000008442817,0.00003550766,0.0004085196],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2772935,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998122,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2055335530","doi":"10.1111/desc.12152","title":"Numerical predictors of arithmetic success in grades 1–6","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Developmental Science","topic":"Cognitive and developmental aspects of mathematical skills","field":"Mathematics","cited_by":416,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canadian Institutes of Health Research","keywords":"Arithmetic; Psychology; Numerical cognition; Mathematics; Cognition","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0214411654291766,"gpt":0.2905640560950142,"spread":0.2691228906658376,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001002212,0.0001452548,0.0002714526,0.0002171966,0.0000946653,0.00003267134,0.0004476904,0.00003578231,0.0001321835],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001594785,0.000117241,0.00003519968,0.00108958,0.0004970063,0.0002541854,0.0001924589,0.00009827386,0.00004704526],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001454541,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001437194,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002692264,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001697963,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981375,0.00003360746,0.0004402185,0.0003177746,0.0006983578,0.000372483],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991156,0.0004643222,0.00009667748,0.0001128047,0.00007231095,0.0001382909],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006544065,0.002331396,0.677937,0.0005306569,0.00004953544,0.00003824706,0.007209477,0.000005377765,0.01968889,0.229695,0.0007633445,0.06168563],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007872715,0.0001103656,0.5921277,0.0003508735,0.000008713628,0.00004045573,0.0004830333,0.0004034634,0.1382177,0.2667146,0.0002585529,0.0004973761],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9648919,0.000005803716,0.002322207,0.00008805481,0.0001028001,0.0001868106,0.000001516252,0.00003881453,0.03236209],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9594718,0.000002032011,0.04033786,0.00006305709,0.00001340819,0.00001466293,0.000001017131,0.000008622809,0.00008752001],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1185288,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4780948,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2121876127","doi":"10.1111/j.1467-7687.2006.00480.x","title":"The development of emotional face processing during childhood","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Developmental Science","topic":"Face Recognition and Perception","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":336,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"SickKids Foundation; Hospital for Sick Children; University of Toronto","funders":"Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador","keywords":"Psychology; Facial expression; Emotional expression; Perception; Feeling; Nonverbal communication; Developmental psychology; Emotion perception; Task (project management); Cognitive psychology; Young adult; Face perception; Communication; Social psychology; Neuroscience","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02328815956550823,"gpt":0.2559161131196385,"spread":0.2326279535541303,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003383411,0.00009232999,0.00006127081,0.00008414499,0.001640668,0.000109849,0.0003368099,0.00002001484,0.00006986143],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000956131,0.00006719909,0.00001885015,0.0007020908,0.0004924897,0.0003544978,0.0001120749,0.0000704288,0.0001165794],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001587794,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005080436,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000003279399,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002402653,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984514,0.0000195805,0.0002806428,0.0002917845,0.0006586094,0.0002979538],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997092,0.00003320824,0.00009499441,0.00006100361,0.00004904598,0.00005247465],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004332062,0.00006082448,0.001643715,0.000008170598,3.68509e-7,5.360643e-7,0.001380845,0.00001928885,0.9505093,0.0002044615,0.00001260909,0.04615558],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001099831,0.000002863922,0.4306488,0.00002413685,3.664038e-7,0.0000214766,0.0003365905,0.00006795143,0.568128,0.00009809174,0.0004799769,0.00008173532],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9879553,0.000008691514,0.0004287526,0.00009585277,0.0001054883,0.0001277926,0.000002214284,0.00004219307,0.01123367],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9942732,0.000003953114,0.00519816,0.00004046097,0.00001773535,0.0000108236,0.000001892969,0.000004966942,0.0004487425],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4290051,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996591,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2035673467","doi":"10.1111/j.1467-7687.2005.00441.x","title":"Fast mapping between a phrasal form and meaning","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Developmental Science","topic":"Child and Animal Learning Development","field":"Psychology","cited_by":318,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"Center for Advanced Study, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign","keywords":"Categorization; Meaning (existential); Psychology; Set (abstract data type); Task (project management); Verb; Cognition; Linguistics; Cognitive psychology; Naturalism; Computer science; Artificial intelligence","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02688476595837223,"gpt":0.284989896070109,"spread":0.2581051301117367,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005874423,0.0001353189,0.0001323485,0.0001558641,0.0005128908,0.00009711371,0.0002685147,0.00003736998,0.0004188267],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003325428,0.0001231132,0.00001842909,0.0004686487,0.0002811831,0.0002798747,0.0002377267,0.0001468157,0.0005148934],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001761165,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001269799,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002004239,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001332658,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984947,0.00001288523,0.0002144698,0.0004701302,0.0003206301,0.0004871238],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996254,0.00003523019,0.00005696735,0.00008340463,0.00002482029,0.0001741713],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008005624,0.00003446425,0.386902,0.000005219107,0.00002172312,0.00001042138,0.03015186,7.374792e-7,0.005831358,0.007634027,0.0005540087,0.5688462],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002881081,0.00002079565,0.94699,0.00003216716,0.000002305199,0.00005574748,0.001753617,0.00001685885,0.0007826444,0.0001240061,0.04970639,0.0002274032],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8423319,0.00003300356,0.0002473255,0.000431122,0.0001346651,0.00009501772,0.000001702558,0.00007647509,0.1566488],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9764305,0.000002839761,0.02162024,0.0003886529,0.000132377,0.000008068871,0.000003205038,0.000009419824,0.001404691],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5686188,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6618084,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2152371962","doi":"10.1111/j.1467-7687.2009.00902.x","title":"Monolingual, bilingual, trilingual: infants' language experience influences the development of a word‐learning heuristic","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Developmental Science","topic":"Language Development and Disorders","field":"Psychology","cited_by":293,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; University of British Columbia Hospital","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canadian Federation of University Women","keywords":"Psychology; Vocabulary; Heuristics; Language acquisition; Age of Acquisition; Language development; Vocabulary development; Linguistics; Cognitive psychology; Noun; Heuristic; Natural language processing; Artificial intelligence; Computer science; Cognition; Developmental psychology; Mathematics education","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.021576737011332,"gpt":0.3502560419275929,"spread":0.3286793049162609,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001421184,0.0003293361,0.0003102432,0.000360893,0.0009445164,0.0001306113,0.00132718,0.00008865678,0.0005242836],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001034564,0.0002355697,0.00006382987,0.002093143,0.0008701257,0.0003201502,0.000231059,0.0003111042,0.0001531311],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001523353,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001353729,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001103779,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001075067,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9965227,0.00008589912,0.0008545224,0.0007228323,0.0009504851,0.0008635917],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987552,0.0002432422,0.0003217999,0.0003439401,0.0001479269,0.0001878769],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000120561,0.0002262017,0.05551228,0.00001144673,0.00003525923,0.0000510766,0.6342273,0.0000229933,0.02830377,0.0004786937,0.000077627,0.2809328],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001329171,0.0001442223,0.6580905,0.000143611,0.00001844949,0.0000836973,0.2690313,0.00007094147,0.06388069,0.0002165139,0.005931646,0.00105932],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9826924,0.0006032415,0.0001961944,0.00006312408,0.0004531275,0.000352772,0.00000152167,0.0001489225,0.01548865],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9896031,0.000009005301,0.00916348,0.0004015684,0.00004314837,0.00003578405,0.000008316939,0.00001539899,0.0007201835],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6025782,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9606255,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2129877081","doi":"10.1111/1467-7687.00271","title":"Two‐month‐old infants match phonetic information in lips and voice","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Developmental Science","topic":"Multisensory perception and integration","field":"Psychology","cited_by":290,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Psychology; Matching (statistics); Word learning; Vowel; Audiology; Face (sociological concept); Phonetics; Developmental psychology; Speech recognition; Linguistics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0251134013192011,"gpt":0.3136593320415128,"spread":0.2885459307223117,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004416526,0.00007872442,0.00006649533,0.0001862115,0.0001167892,0.00005543746,0.00009873717,0.00003518068,0.001479929],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008753825,0.00007226839,0.000007139211,0.0004596894,0.0001383744,0.000709185,0.00002305188,0.00008445031,0.001364682],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001566709,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006298099,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004158564,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002923361,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999158,0.00003750759,0.0002134574,0.0001758581,0.0002000983,0.0002150916],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997491,0.00001562923,0.00004412622,0.00008067083,0.00003513223,0.00007531708],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001091974,0.0002860987,0.4353976,0.00002447198,0.00001060493,0.00001365262,0.1831371,0.00003721371,0.09760801,0.01437523,0.005460561,0.2635402],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006688067,0.00002393705,0.9811937,0.00001441342,7.804215e-7,0.00004714815,0.007091196,0.0003078644,0.001724639,0.00006845919,0.008716595,0.0001424286],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9341523,0.000007649805,0.00007973658,0.00005650573,0.0003293818,0.0001442792,0.000002670141,0.00001782265,0.06520965],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9942322,0.000008160559,0.003614887,0.0006360118,0.000005284851,0.00001812167,0.000004084676,0.000002488767,0.00147881],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5457961,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9994329,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2006811589","doi":"10.1111/desc.12017","title":"The mentalistic basis of core social cognition: experiments in preverbal infants and a computational model","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Developmental Science","topic":"Child and Animal Learning Development","field":"Psychology","cited_by":278,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"National Institute of General Medical Sciences; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of British Columbia","keywords":"Psychology; Social cognition; Theory of mind; Cognition; Cognitive psychology; Social relation; Cognitive science; Developmental psychology; Social psychology; Neuroscience","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04080292059000693,"gpt":0.3246346734815899,"spread":0.283831752891583,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002776759,0.00008857592,0.00009477702,0.00006308451,0.0003955734,0.00005039095,0.0001838689,0.00002548449,0.0002719635],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002733211,0.00006890888,0.00001332975,0.0002820941,0.000567352,0.000141152,0.0001438958,0.00007018763,0.00005053468],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008925185,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001481012,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005433259,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000007908312,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989317,0.00001927324,0.0002301186,0.0002502647,0.0003304647,0.0002381674],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997278,0.00005531088,0.00007088594,0.00004013099,0.00005012674,0.00005572594],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004059442,0.001304639,0.5441416,0.00005480517,0.000188901,0.00003252588,0.1589133,0.0002983999,0.04545807,0.09292282,0.009882778,0.1463962],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005137605,0.00002005863,0.9923286,0.00002306699,0.000001989087,0.00001546496,0.00227532,0.002319036,0.0003606176,0.001959241,0.00006466736,0.0001181879],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9849803,0.00003917112,0.0000540261,0.0001619631,0.00008459269,0.0002162019,0.00000572865,0.00001032279,0.01444773],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9951394,0.000002193234,0.004382346,0.0001572777,0.000007001583,0.00005201076,0.000006864985,0.000004302135,0.0002486453],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.448187,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3042471,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2087523473","doi":"10.1111/j.1467-7687.2009.00897.x","title":"How is phonological processing related to individual differences in children’s arithmetic skills?","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Developmental Science","topic":"Cognitive and developmental aspects of mathematical skills","field":"Mathematics","cited_by":274,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Phonological awareness; Psychology; Association (psychology); Cognition; Reading (process); Arithmetic; Working memory; Cognitive psychology; Phonology; Linguistics; Mathematics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02622172927230174,"gpt":0.2841668262240529,"spread":0.2579450969517511,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000590858,0.0002786338,0.000346893,0.0003547126,0.0003057332,0.0004032824,0.0007251425,0.00009013987,0.0001395321],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009441511,0.0002119807,0.0000421208,0.001781332,0.0003194006,0.000533873,0.0003153934,0.0002300397,0.0001142183],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002632445,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002131989,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00000347227,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005172824,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9972222,0.00002660088,0.0004140223,0.0006740742,0.0009631831,0.0006999247],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993293,0.0000993982,0.000097009,0.0001233799,0.00008109384,0.0002697805],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003727475,0.00309152,0.2969877,0.00004619944,0.000049067,0.00009504145,0.02266265,2.006208e-7,0.00623542,0.01733515,0.001281095,0.6521786],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003877666,0.0001016325,0.8656583,0.0001799047,0.000006195644,0.00009172147,0.0007318134,0.00001365437,0.01110671,0.1212853,0.00002254599,0.0004144816],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.992312,0.0000276541,0.0002909703,0.002251935,0.0000413995,0.000499518,0.000005456994,0.00010642,0.00446471],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9371376,0.000004278244,0.06123809,0.001030137,0.000009561379,0.00002293074,0.000002960984,0.000008359337,0.0005460551],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6517642,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8644322,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2110170855","doi":"10.1111/j.1467-7687.2004.00345.x","title":"Tuned to the signal: the privileged status of speech for young infants","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Developmental Science","topic":"Language Development and Disorders","field":"Psychology","cited_by":270,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University; University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canadian Institutes of Health Research; Killam Trusts","keywords":"Active listening; Psychology; Nonsense; Audiology; Speech perception; Salient; Speech recognition; Speech processing; Developmental psychology; Cognitive psychology; Communication; Computer science; Perception; Artificial intelligence","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01931640349466138,"gpt":0.3085310281935835,"spread":0.2892146246989221,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008356918,0.0001249512,0.0001100541,0.00009499377,0.000438972,0.00005549298,0.000804289,0.00003137053,0.0003236974],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001667785,0.00006911053,0.00003653148,0.001027141,0.0003665119,0.0001293983,0.0001776365,0.00007150728,0.0001626091],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001525552,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000546532,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005068083,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006889065,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983083,0.00002084131,0.000248838,0.0003185672,0.0004608615,0.0006426108],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994162,0.00007883002,0.00007907542,0.0002183342,0.00008843323,0.000119087],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005913582,0.0004457363,0.132766,0.00003325823,0.0001724901,0.0000340535,0.3796828,0.0001035568,0.08340704,0.02919196,0.01495848,0.3586132],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002079322,0.0001457854,0.8509929,0.00004056386,0.00001451091,0.00004565379,0.02722159,0.000006930474,0.06324109,0.001535673,0.05419374,0.0004822398],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9732027,0.00007779653,0.001505645,0.001258994,0.0007290608,0.001012929,0.00001581403,0.00003448271,0.02216258],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9897358,0.000003661898,0.008435793,0.0009622308,0.00003192905,0.0001254399,0.000006510148,0.000009760525,0.0006889052],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7182269,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.354426,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2073744046","doi":"10.1111/j.1467-7687.2008.00754.x","title":"A hierarchical competing systems model of the emergence and early development of executive function","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Developmental Science","topic":"Child and Animal Learning Development","field":"Psychology","cited_by":266,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; National Institutes of Health; National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Psychology; Cognitive science; Cognitive psychology; Computational model; Cognition; Function (biology); Context (archaeology); Control (management); Artificial intelligence; Computer science; Neuroscience","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0637606482037932,"gpt":0.3149416377526739,"spread":0.2511809895488807,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007370985,0.0003537817,0.0009216437,0.0002590088,0.0005649966,0.00002462932,0.0007580419,0.0001441567,0.00002306552],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007646981,0.0002382356,0.0001348396,0.00107307,0.001038992,0.00008983049,0.0006394546,0.00039668,0.00001904995],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001838498,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00198991,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003066036,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002975321,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9968109,0.0001319086,0.001111749,0.0007187394,0.0007899408,0.0004368286],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986864,0.0001028066,0.000730435,0.0002368165,0.0001161108,0.0001273917],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003367701,0.0001998178,0.003398936,0.002663449,0.0002428368,0.000005207908,0.02792425,0.00001750226,0.0002646735,0.007308527,0.0001950091,0.9577461],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008325165,0.0002130714,0.1356226,0.03036268,0.0002416325,0.0006094131,0.003770801,0.0002604442,0.0001582052,0.00006210205,0.8256152,0.002251358],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.03697879,0.9468706,0.0005271394,0.00000775089,0.001181645,0.001189321,0.00001984934,0.00004223496,0.01318267],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.1231383,0.861844,0.01301205,0.00002849915,0.00006867447,0.0002068555,0.00001375894,0.0000705932,0.001617258],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9554948,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9714965,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2117886652","doi":"10.1111/j.1467-7687.2012.01142.x","title":"Active music classes in infancy enhance musical, communicative and social development","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Developmental Science","topic":"Neuroscience and Music Perception","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":263,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Baycrest Hospital; McMaster University","funders":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research; GRAMMY Foundation","keywords":"Musical; Psychology; Musical development; Gesture; Affect (linguistics); Cognitive psychology; Developmental psychology; Language development; Communication; Linguistics; Visual arts","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0707620828255644,"gpt":0.3305687570125775,"spread":0.2598066741870131,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006009513,0.0001871165,0.0001651877,0.0002466573,0.00113194,0.0001076897,0.000626129,0.00004775994,0.00008065627],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002651931,0.0001731769,0.00001730979,0.001368675,0.001698135,0.00198637,0.0006917016,0.0002390174,0.0001076099],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003075745,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004287641,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001898975,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00008985357,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9976709,0.00008909555,0.0002730013,0.0005795571,0.0006146063,0.000772796],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994379,0.0001165989,0.0001018409,0.0001445667,0.00003023514,0.000168877],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001266782,0.0001583396,0.003336867,0.000005330886,4.358262e-7,0.000002558675,0.03488914,1.35635e-7,0.9117968,0.0009008298,0.0000542467,0.04884264],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001706155,0.00001487245,0.5844744,0.00001870475,9.704829e-7,0.00002474177,0.002249732,0.00001258947,0.4043601,0.00006402547,0.008360176,0.0002489667],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9909605,0.000006468671,0.00004093923,0.0001869891,0.0002690966,0.0002496463,0.000003488686,0.00004667983,0.008236215],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9956868,0.00002509621,0.001981484,0.002098465,0.00003372505,0.00006056873,0.000001267305,0.000008567741,0.0001040549],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5811376,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8706082,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2093514094","doi":"10.1111/j.1467-7687.2005.00451.x","title":"Ambiguous benefits: the effect of bilingualism on reversing ambiguous figures","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Developmental Science","topic":"Neurobiology of Language and Bilingualism","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":255,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"","keywords":"Psychology; Reversing; Neuroscience of multilingualism; Task (project management); Meaning (existential); Relation (database); Cognitive psychology; Linguistics; Developmental psychology; Computer science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01937495708560943,"gpt":0.2776559481205755,"spread":0.258280991034966,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009781867,0.0002047361,0.0002013351,0.000161069,0.0007851031,0.00006311439,0.000997143,0.000055006,0.00006734608],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001249511,0.0001237595,0.00006757179,0.0008367079,0.001280737,0.0002226994,0.0002227353,0.0002162357,0.0001292003],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001146536,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001147125,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001158441,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002642932,"domain_scores_codex":[0.997849,0.0001448499,0.0002943563,0.0006176804,0.0005994911,0.0004946351],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991316,0.0003074128,0.000138887,0.0002960303,0.0000315082,0.00009454257],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006325565,0.00004307989,0.0003076249,0.00001160737,0.000002269187,0.00008174295,0.001892848,0.0001013856,0.8827146,0.0001336233,0.0001440532,0.114504],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003110506,0.0002877348,0.001818654,0.0000559399,0.000005307591,0.0003569737,0.0001096792,0.00004006679,0.9951119,0.00001745821,0.001714627,0.0001705707],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9925882,0.00008290055,0.000001912081,0.0004925212,0.0003897116,0.0002800024,0.000009861626,0.00006924433,0.006085622],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9967623,0.00002169166,0.0003329562,0.002477896,0.00008455224,0.000007944614,0.000001110182,0.00001094018,0.0003005774],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1143334,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6038458,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2168266939","doi":"10.1111/j.1467-7687.2009.00898.x","title":"The interaction between acoustic salience and language experience in developmental speech perception: evidence from nasal place discrimination","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Developmental Science","topic":"Phonetics and Phonology Research","field":"Psychology","cited_by":250,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; University of Toronto","funders":"Horace H. Rackham School of Graduate Studies, University of Michigan; University of Michigan","keywords":"Psychology; Salience (neuroscience); Perception; Speech perception; Habituation; First language; Audiology; Salient; Cognitive psychology; Developmental psychology; Linguistics; Geography; Medicine","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.08077992298820552,"gpt":0.4014606331196756,"spread":0.3206807101314701,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008922541,0.0001390525,0.0001142779,0.0001769461,0.000573422,0.0001770755,0.0006010265,0.0000636061,0.0002427778],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002294485,0.0001098652,0.00001295493,0.0009136017,0.0007219589,0.0005516966,0.0002167814,0.0002515581,0.0001602567],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003886676,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001917565,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006166484,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004029483,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981086,0.00009017324,0.0002604498,0.0005449473,0.0004887513,0.0005070919],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99929,0.0003438378,0.00006026741,0.0001451539,0.00004049442,0.0001201892],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009844184,0.00005102799,0.1612589,0.000002695522,0.000005260416,0.00005362838,0.1917157,0.000004724977,0.3685253,0.00003947533,0.0002377701,0.2780071],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001814845,0.00005319886,0.9527951,0.00005280298,0.000001736102,0.00005177269,0.04050541,0.0002611358,0.005732551,0.0001070709,0.0001041638,0.0001535098],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9971993,0.0001264047,0.0001162425,0.0004986401,0.0002593334,0.0002108168,0.000004581492,0.00002934765,0.001555307],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9979047,0.00009485166,0.001522838,0.0001125067,0.00004066127,0.00003152418,0.00001011071,0.000004136462,0.0002786983],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7915363,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4480175,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2017591461","doi":"10.1111/j.1467-7687.2007.00631.x","title":"The mirror neuron system: grasping others’ actions from birth?","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Developmental Science","topic":"Action Observation and Synchronization","field":"Psychology","cited_by":250,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine","funders":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research; Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador","keywords":"Mirror neuron; Psychology; Cognitive psychology; Neuroscience; Developmental psychology; Cognitive science; Communication","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.2087512112599095,"gpt":0.4178330210200442,"spread":0.2090818097601346,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000783144,0.00025162,0.0003460808,0.0002278067,0.001453159,0.0002132124,0.0007455273,0.0001548963,0.0008806115],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007267658,0.0001739866,0.0001051836,0.001713687,0.0003523721,0.0002206361,0.0001019883,0.0002775583,0.003486287],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001011144,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005889179,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002157459,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001226082,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9978008,0.0001246245,0.0005766664,0.0005786635,0.0004971322,0.0004221113],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988521,0.0002267637,0.0003956569,0.0003213183,0.00007847691,0.0001257065],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000001527703,0.00001799248,0.0001150662,0.0001483462,0.00003003694,0.000005417062,0.000468043,1.046291e-7,0.000006563716,0.001735477,0.0007442054,0.9967272],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00006585973,0.000006859501,0.002829344,0.0006210931,0.00002608267,0.00004354916,0.001710686,0.00001233551,0.000001982097,0.000003973074,0.9944711,0.0002071049],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0002932542,0.9349672,0.003851189,0.00009532164,0.009895636,0.001229458,0.00003084061,0.0003527511,0.04928434],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.001207731,0.9846798,0.001627447,0.0003287528,0.0002164203,0.0002274297,0.0001086434,0.00007653895,0.01152722],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9965201,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998468,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2109938240","doi":"10.1111/j.1467-7687.2007.00639.x","title":"Development of action monitoring through adolescence into adulthood: ERP and source localization","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Developmental Science","topic":"Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":231,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Institute of Mental Health; Canadian Institutes of Health Research","keywords":"Psychology; Anterior cingulate cortex; Error-related negativity; Negativity effect; Developmental psychology; Audiology; Action (physics); Age groups; Event-related potential; Task (project management); Young adult; Electroencephalography; Neural correlates of consciousness; Cognition; Neuroscience; Demography","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1393400120570849,"gpt":0.392099548257978,"spread":0.2527595362008932,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003981066,0.0001308293,0.0001141184,0.0001022808,0.0007502289,0.00002920123,0.0002470599,0.00003137346,0.000005188569],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001034316,0.0001116847,0.0000126412,0.0008481123,0.0007949283,0.0005335989,0.0002260976,0.00009363776,0.00001756894],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001344716,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008325352,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001877872,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002266253,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998417,0.00001484022,0.0003021971,0.0004768017,0.0004604385,0.0003287254],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996366,0.00003331213,0.0001141703,0.00007696648,0.0000553077,0.00008362823],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001688891,0.00004276989,0.05150858,0.00001222444,5.92289e-7,0.000003381603,0.005251246,8.983023e-7,0.8579394,0.00002046043,0.000006678359,0.08519688],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001222059,0.00001955025,0.1174866,0.0000477932,0.000001698887,0.00002598448,0.002407037,0.00000524069,0.8787498,0.00004050151,0.0009641898,0.0001293816],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9913703,0.00002117955,0.00757038,0.00004131607,0.0003805225,0.0001299207,3.135051e-7,0.00004941809,0.0004366641],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9787,0.00002893293,0.02103763,0.0001419329,0.00001882726,0.000004787877,2.798638e-7,0.000005676187,0.00006190476],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.08506749,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.577023,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2075359029","doi":"10.1111/j.1467-7687.2007.00590.x","title":"Sensitivity to sampling in Bayesian word learning","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Developmental Science","topic":"Child and Animal Learning Development","field":"Psychology","cited_by":222,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Psychology; Word (group theory); Object (grammar); Associative learning; Associative property; Bayesian inference; Inference; Bayesian probability; Meaning (existential); Context (archaeology); Sampling (signal processing); Sample (material); Cognitive psychology; Word learning; Artificial intelligence; Natural language processing; Linguistics; Computer science; Vocabulary; Mathematics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02565771103399912,"gpt":0.3254536875607444,"spread":0.2997959765267453,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003495529,0.0001402381,0.0001405706,0.0003950496,0.0003494377,0.00006196751,0.0002075548,0.00004470006,0.0003024307],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002432685,0.0001411836,0.00002168625,0.001610283,0.0001386783,0.0001275771,0.0002021759,0.0002917977,0.0006969486],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004020995,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001577696,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000191791,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004548248,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979478,0.00004044689,0.0002695076,0.0005892423,0.0003830574,0.000769972],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994565,0.0001211997,0.0000455971,0.00009610079,0.00003428718,0.0002462821],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006507011,0.00008209173,0.6790752,0.000002936787,0.000005045526,0.0001822368,0.0151092,0.00007189929,0.04034987,0.001997416,0.00007608927,0.262983],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001701155,0.00002371766,0.9824373,0.00004028971,5.767287e-7,0.00005397972,0.002441512,0.00001320322,0.001719939,0.00002641405,0.012845,0.0002279149],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9382823,0.000009185198,0.00721631,0.0001996214,0.0003782678,0.000145234,3.528293e-7,0.00007831349,0.05369047],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9736146,5.615217e-7,0.02481792,0.0005475071,0.00004471039,0.00000461576,0.000001768124,0.00001075766,0.0009576041],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3033622,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8958097,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2132050332","doi":"10.1111/j.1467-7687.2008.00743.x","title":"Neurocognitive development of relational reasoning","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Developmental Science","topic":"Cognitive Abilities and Testing","field":"Psychology","cited_by":216,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke; National Institutes of Health","keywords":"Psychology; Neurocognitive; Functional magnetic resonance imaging; Cognitive psychology; Developmental psychology; Prefrontal cortex; Cognition; Task (project management); Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex; Perspective (graphical); Neuroscience","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.07261197465020447,"gpt":0.3072907364197869,"spread":0.2346787617695824,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004043747,0.00009181091,0.00009675266,0.000123757,0.0005739812,0.000006741483,0.0001725785,0.00002277648,0.0008384784],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003346761,0.0000897399,0.00002063631,0.0006280929,0.0006884157,0.0001770744,0.0001428889,0.00008504926,0.0001827371],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001031243,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006275431,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001996001,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004845052,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986934,0.00002120105,0.0002772491,0.0003211391,0.0003925664,0.0002944279],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994155,0.0001516735,0.00009291127,0.0000656468,0.0001910001,0.000083263],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005883827,0.0002854486,0.697051,0.00001153471,0.0000380228,0.00008211671,0.07567134,0.000002455695,0.01332164,0.01744222,0.0002392435,0.1957961],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002265246,0.0000201019,0.9880896,0.00002845109,0.000001501417,0.0001603162,0.002594158,0.00001139474,0.007283808,0.00007959652,0.001373834,0.0001307187],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.836531,0.0000169671,0.0007442313,0.00001297902,0.0001538708,0.00009963335,0.000002372571,0.00002823321,0.1624106],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9530232,5.899149e-7,0.04611246,0.00008402626,0.00001596267,0.00002094243,0.00000434617,0.000005972839,0.0007325346],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2910386,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9180751,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2021253200","doi":"10.1111/j.1467-7687.2007.00591.x","title":"On the relation between the acquisition of singular–plural morpho‐syntax and the conceptual distinction between one and more than one","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Developmental Science","topic":"Cognitive and developmental aspects of mathematical skills","field":"Mathematics","cited_by":204,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","keywords":"Plural; Syntax; Psychology; Noun; Linguistics; Relation (database); Set (abstract data type); Representation (politics); Agreement; Cognitive psychology; Computer science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04230474856951451,"gpt":0.2852923940548792,"spread":0.2429876454853647,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003005519,0.0001591649,0.0002267289,0.00006003653,0.0008272345,0.00008180103,0.0002591676,0.00004979501,0.00005086865],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009545251,0.00008040133,0.00003378517,0.000438778,0.002932936,0.0002094906,0.0002693814,0.0001804794,0.00001138789],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001155931,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005321574,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003524224,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001465572,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981703,0.00007257426,0.0004055392,0.000269824,0.0008014336,0.0002802848],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9961421,0.003331752,0.000208069,0.0001422534,0.00009360323,0.0000821559],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003643222,0.0003146032,0.09295802,0.0001075638,0.0002320553,0.000005828591,0.03131716,4.57694e-7,0.01304574,0.8082613,0.0001755631,0.05321733],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005729581,0.00005378438,0.7974511,0.0001696092,0.00004779038,0.00001000437,0.003216893,0.00001865272,0.02547216,0.172821,0.00001275721,0.0001532634],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.988247,0.00002079139,0.005484723,0.001956204,0.0000328129,0.0005668327,0.000009637466,0.00002339628,0.003658616],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9951134,0.000005030125,0.004559915,0.000187159,0.00004965695,0.00001165034,0.000007972454,0.000008820629,0.00005634746],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7044932,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997805,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1969955981","doi":"10.1111/1467-7687.00114","title":"Sex differences in early verbal and non‐verbal cognitive development","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Developmental Science","topic":"Cognitive Abilities and Testing","field":"Psychology","cited_by":201,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Medical Research Council","keywords":"Psychology; Developmental psychology; Heritability; Verbal reasoning; Cognition; Verbal memory; Nonverbal communication","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02860181918610234,"gpt":0.2798294166893398,"spread":0.2512275975032375,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004668029,0.0001672805,0.0001689868,0.000124237,0.0003375445,0.00009269339,0.0002165402,0.00004459901,0.001894593],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005743312,0.0001548907,0.00001423117,0.0005861034,0.0006959459,0.0002565796,0.000134014,0.0001377578,0.0003163188],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001397374,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000253769,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004548945,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001416854,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982396,0.00003413128,0.0002700833,0.0005745519,0.0003277305,0.000553904],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995326,0.0001801533,0.00003692112,0.00006188187,0.00004290034,0.0001455364],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002877489,0.00007363882,0.6495389,0.000003517941,0.000007297405,0.0000325951,0.03110842,3.555431e-8,0.0001752943,0.00005745476,0.000008851186,0.3189652],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006005725,0.00005697047,0.9901688,0.00006989489,0.000002194583,0.00003524239,0.007476217,0.00001472685,0.0009719572,0.0001001968,0.0002560712,0.0002472273],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9128237,0.00003499273,0.00001807747,0.00002307656,0.0001103892,0.0001953155,0.000004740143,0.00002886441,0.08676084],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9969133,0.000004263469,0.0008290415,0.0001698801,0.00001908976,0.00005120991,0.000002853444,0.000007101882,0.002003257],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3406298,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9990178,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2113209608","doi":"10.1111/j.1467-7687.2009.00906.x","title":"Two‐year‐olds are vigilant of others’ non‐verbal cues to credibility","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Developmental Science","topic":"Child and Animal Learning Development","field":"Psychology","cited_by":194,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Institute for Christian Studies; University of Toronto; University of British Columbia; University of British Columbia Hospital","funders":"","keywords":"Psychology; Credibility; Cognitive psychology; Cue-dependent forgetting; Action (physics); Developmental psychology; Nonverbal communication; Cognition; Verbal learning; Social psychology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01952872546551662,"gpt":0.3105784868039373,"spread":0.2910497613384208,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007291876,0.0001649712,0.0002172227,0.0001488912,0.0002128766,0.00004512189,0.0005572406,0.00004179526,0.0006883494],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007691198,0.0001437821,0.0000449398,0.0008222059,0.0002498042,0.0001282447,0.0001350145,0.0001244668,0.0005266092],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001930912,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002217507,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009137065,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002589151,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9980366,0.00002608564,0.0003129661,0.0006177918,0.0005156024,0.0004909487],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993355,0.00002524011,0.0001060572,0.0002273349,0.00007781894,0.0002280844],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002359354,0.0005984436,0.7567181,0.00001081604,0.00002909127,0.00004257187,0.03289166,0.00001550065,0.145584,0.009102525,0.003855273,0.05091607],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003409653,0.0001255284,0.9815984,0.00005075443,0.00000229133,0.0000162093,0.003160425,0.000005059623,0.01000065,0.0001694804,0.004313861,0.0002163235],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9081305,0.00001857532,0.00005658569,0.0003611098,0.0002921117,0.000191923,0.000007523262,0.00005143348,0.09089018],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9874031,0.000001375862,0.01079142,0.0009066411,0.00004721483,0.000006304149,0.00000242209,0.000007025345,0.0008345278],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2248804,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7536944,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1983875814","doi":"10.1111/desc.12170","title":"Do 6‐month‐olds understand that speech can communicate?","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Developmental Science","topic":"Child and Animal Learning Development","field":"Psychology","cited_by":193,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Psychology; Object (grammar); Vocabulary; Nonsense; GRASP; Function (biology); Communication; Cognitive psychology; Language development; Linguistics; Developmental psychology; Computer science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04665704629447731,"gpt":0.2989279494728225,"spread":0.2522709031783452,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001246689,0.0001939267,0.0001836623,0.0001514894,0.0007275789,0.0001717007,0.0009996353,0.00006427317,0.001234465],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006550813,0.0001694603,0.00003787341,0.0006197855,0.0006950044,0.0001356439,0.0004094534,0.0002333476,0.0007433713],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000348122,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002199844,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002128589,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001753336,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979421,0.00007662374,0.0002211374,0.0005740363,0.0005625329,0.00062355],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991719,0.00008115295,0.00008672819,0.0003872444,0.00004176484,0.0002312583],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001096358,0.0004664022,0.5036187,0.00002227191,0.00008628306,0.00007630593,0.0476637,0.000005179056,0.01150441,0.1125254,0.01518511,0.3087365],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006428732,0.00008245712,0.8786832,0.00005023226,0.000004949641,0.0001089021,0.00612888,0.00001680159,0.002635446,0.0008146277,0.1103579,0.0004737414],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.662271,0.00006398351,0.000140555,0.0009603081,0.0005116966,0.0001391126,0.000002722826,0.0001039603,0.3358066],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9898948,0.00001021391,0.006118343,0.0009803491,0.00003699291,0.000008021272,0.000007322447,0.00001583274,0.002928096],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3750645,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996786,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2432025374","doi":"10.1111/desc.12433","title":"Bilingual children's long‐term outcomes in English as a second language: language environment factors shape individual differences in catching up with monolinguals","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Developmental Science","topic":"Language Development and Disorders","field":"Psychology","cited_by":187,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Psychology; Term (time); Neuroscience of multilingualism; Linguistics; Language acquisition; Language development; Developmental psychology; Cognitive psychology; Mathematics education","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01651996312738287,"gpt":0.2762286170347768,"spread":0.2597086539073939,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006401903,0.0003990731,0.0003894676,0.000608863,0.0001623599,0.0001225852,0.0008587565,0.0001173493,0.003703751],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001812534,0.0002479944,0.00004337655,0.0006348712,0.0004745285,0.0004944408,0.0003228689,0.0002385733,0.0001458931],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003296148,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004216813,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007761876,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002816268,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9968272,0.00007921171,0.0004734965,0.0009268046,0.0007483277,0.0009449156],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991848,0.000177729,0.0001500331,0.0002667715,0.00001906499,0.0002016231],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003078205,0.0001402755,0.7893249,0.000003522563,0.0000278618,0.0001215842,0.1887451,1.669369e-7,0.0008238119,0.00003238658,0.000005810427,0.02074374],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00179952,0.0000606912,0.954366,0.00006320708,0.000005460121,0.00001980923,0.03984524,3.73965e-7,0.003325267,0.00001270024,0.000009563115,0.0004921951],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9968644,0.0001562222,0.00000849347,0.00004444609,0.0003585358,0.0004757725,0.00004010952,0.00008749971,0.001964499],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9977125,0.000007176248,0.0003739673,0.0001875709,0.00002831344,0.00005042439,0.00003374965,0.00002623543,0.001580093],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.165041,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999973,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2115276564","doi":"10.1111/j.1467-7687.2008.00793.x","title":"A competitive nonverbal false belief task for children and apes","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Developmental Science","topic":"Child and Animal Learning Development","field":"Psychology","cited_by":182,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"","keywords":"Psychology; Nonverbal communication; Task (project management); Cognitive psychology; False belief; Theory of mind; Developmental psychology; Cognition","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008774160006883771,"gpt":0.2704280557340986,"spread":0.2616538957272148,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003775008,0.0001480608,0.0001441137,0.0001012595,0.000466581,0.00008159646,0.0002641271,0.0000386971,0.0001346999],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004665481,0.0001313866,0.0000274869,0.0003179741,0.0003162924,0.0001436902,0.00008407552,0.00009234728,0.0001347421],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008757794,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001341439,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001993994,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008876437,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985929,0.00001400073,0.0001744937,0.0005470631,0.0002373462,0.0004342217],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996269,0.00004041253,0.00005386824,0.00008183131,0.00004557776,0.000151378],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002646414,0.0006131231,0.1392441,0.000009714379,0.00008520451,0.00002667651,0.02312971,0.000001317359,0.03245164,0.3459665,0.006969905,0.4512374],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005826019,0.0001604767,0.9848889,0.00002120016,0.000003803406,0.00007646031,0.0004195003,0.000003490745,0.0007551407,0.0003796594,0.01248312,0.00022565],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9672628,0.0001302524,0.0001843757,0.0007596412,0.0002273048,0.0004184545,0.00002175997,0.00007928496,0.03091611],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.987892,0.000006908811,0.009838349,0.001387339,0.00005412513,0.00001551034,0.00001774176,0.000006355341,0.0007816596],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8456448,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5357791,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1716398636","doi":"10.1111/j.1467-7687.2010.01012.x","title":"Using confirmatory factor analysis to understand executive control in preschool children: sources of variation in emergent mathematic achievement","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Developmental Science","topic":"Cognitive and developmental aspects of mathematical skills","field":"Mathematics","cited_by":177,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; National Institute on Drug Abuse; National Institute of Mental Health; National Institutes of Health","keywords":"Psychology; Developmental psychology; Confirmatory factor analysis; Structural equation modeling; Cognition; Executive functions; Stressor; Academic achievement; Competence (human resources); Variation (astronomy); Latent variable; Social competence; Cognitive development; Latent growth modeling; Social change; Social psychology; Clinical psychology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03326057282476294,"gpt":0.3057504817135828,"spread":0.2724899088888199,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001100386,0.0002207947,0.0004665451,0.0008251473,0.0001158682,0.00005145663,0.0003832633,0.00005974174,0.0003242273],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000629282,0.0001931127,0.00007268803,0.002098244,0.000199403,0.0002957118,0.0001908805,0.0001775851,0.00001659961],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003713573,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000265519,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001304402,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006260304,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9975023,0.00004649325,0.0007790803,0.0004352897,0.0008067014,0.0004301164],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990659,0.000254924,0.0002204648,0.0001725686,0.0001021782,0.000183985],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001463111,0.002629302,0.5184291,0.0002038702,0.0006352335,0.00002763553,0.04991316,0.0001408227,0.3987605,0.0277458,0.00004420332,0.001324136],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001181917,0.00004262744,0.93305,0.0001609219,0.00007926686,0.000009486299,0.002701177,0.001538556,0.03796142,0.02281127,0.000003072977,0.0004602147],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.982877,0.000004927545,0.01506409,0.00005966813,0.00006037121,0.0008972438,0.00002194776,0.00001849577,0.0009962985],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9571546,0.00000118908,0.04269401,0.00008579335,0.000006794925,0.00002115241,0.000001674974,0.00001035079,0.00002439363],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.414621,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7874909,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2895356663","doi":"10.1111/desc.12724","title":"What Do North American Babies Hear? A large‐scale cross‐corpus analysis","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Developmental Science","topic":"Language Development and Disorders","field":"Psychology","cited_by":170,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"NIH Office of the Director; Directorate for Social, Behavioral and Economic Sciences; Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada; Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek; National Institutes of Health; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Psychology; Developmental psychology; Scale (ratio)","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01087900094966559,"gpt":0.3151310797987357,"spread":0.3042520788490701,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005755324,0.000223894,0.0002686536,0.0005025315,0.0007762129,0.0006072629,0.0007421075,0.00003690791,0.002923151],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004697207,0.0001929004,0.00008846944,0.006332021,0.002177279,0.0008992244,0.0003115374,0.000107494,0.001677126],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001647876,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002555153,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003720487,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006870717,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9972692,0.00004163702,0.0003178468,0.000817696,0.0006385182,0.0009150908],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999079,0.00003531987,0.0001299537,0.0003379579,0.0001586111,0.0002591141],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003531402,0.00009896557,0.9274418,0.00000155316,0.00009914462,0.00001696699,0.04062414,9.364396e-7,0.0001348046,0.0001254196,0.0006917013,0.03072919],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003201891,0.00005376517,0.9654067,0.000005370609,0.00002711466,0.00001252818,0.02280478,0.00002279696,0.0005153863,0.00002587583,0.01046189,0.0003436669],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.981159,0.0001454937,0.0002811251,0.0001364292,0.001130867,0.0001560509,0.00001097411,0.0001099304,0.01687009],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9914492,0.00003097143,0.004392251,0.001228857,0.00006948992,0.00003604049,0.00002923873,0.00001369367,0.002750228],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03796477,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9991002,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2111942508","doi":"10.1111/j.1467-7687.2008.00789.x","title":"Fourteen‐month‐old infants learn similar‐sounding words","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Developmental Science","topic":"Language Development and Disorders","field":"Psychology","cited_by":169,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa; University of British Columbia","funders":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","keywords":"Psychology; Task (project management); Phonetics; Perception; Depth sounding; Language acquisition; Word learning; Word (group theory); Cognitive psychology; Speech perception; Linguistics; Vocabulary","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0189297590610604,"gpt":0.3044638543651482,"spread":0.2855340953040877,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008003328,0.0002398584,0.0001895778,0.0003170884,0.0005813277,0.0001731847,0.0007596537,0.00008631968,0.00313045],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001481814,0.0002170463,0.00004770567,0.001469971,0.0003204811,0.0005273054,0.0001393572,0.000191715,0.001183518],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002482508,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002500854,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007680079,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004195028,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9973944,0.00003190127,0.0003272497,0.0006585008,0.0006760921,0.0009117856],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993075,0.00004203762,0.00009327768,0.0002561215,0.00005106614,0.000250059],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001810759,0.0005199076,0.2609304,0.000008922359,0.00006307104,0.000371501,0.07374029,0.000009006047,0.01662184,0.0154308,0.02109879,0.6110244],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001198279,0.0001016025,0.9582328,0.00003990207,0.000008360184,0.00008696047,0.009873149,0.0000301186,0.001814501,0.00138626,0.02643959,0.0007884628],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.737454,0.0001003897,0.0002247153,0.0004750165,0.0008652561,0.0001939886,0.000001848798,0.0001536105,0.2605312],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.979719,0.000007522033,0.006933419,0.002600652,0.00006042085,0.00001542493,0.00001051294,0.00001283699,0.01064018],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6973025,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995942,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1989914796","doi":"10.1111/j.1467-7687.2009.00886.x","title":"Testing the limits of statistical learning for word segmentation","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Developmental Science","topic":"Language Development and Disorders","field":"Psychology","cited_by":166,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders","keywords":"Text segmentation; Syllable; Word (group theory); Speech segmentation; Language acquisition; Artificial intelligence; Constructed language; Natural language processing; Language development; Psychology; Natural language; Computer science; Segmentation; Linguistics; Speech recognition; Developmental psychology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04891558377427276,"gpt":0.3471157618175959,"spread":0.2982001780433232,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005906885,0.00007803531,0.00007684428,0.00006720503,0.0003387002,0.00003626358,0.0002432769,0.00002124328,0.0001718863],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004304909,0.00005540604,0.00001371461,0.0005859822,0.0002121252,0.0001165992,0.00002430534,0.00006311953,0.00003274852],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000053463,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001476557,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001833267,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004428021,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990242,0.00002261677,0.0001944656,0.0002197638,0.0002535036,0.0002855161],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994922,0.0002481402,0.00007982144,0.00006087037,0.00007125639,0.00004767576],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005304965,0.00008646594,0.03773905,0.000006341671,0.00001050632,0.000003906468,0.01444182,0.00002274033,0.05372654,0.009164494,0.0009487002,0.8837964],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005050005,0.0001132902,0.9832243,0.00001468182,0.000006094992,0.00001200655,0.008210339,0.0001753969,0.005620183,0.001092649,0.0008662443,0.0001598038],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9498575,0.00004579313,0.01421341,0.0002800642,0.0002785775,0.0004078046,0.000002888133,0.0000495381,0.03486442],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.952964,5.753802e-7,0.04629622,0.0002950593,0.00001466528,0.00002241494,0.00001039397,0.000003828889,0.0003928096],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9454853,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2605042,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1977802935","doi":"10.1111/j.1467-7687.2004.00379.x","title":"Maturation of fetal responses to music","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Developmental Science","topic":"Neuroscience and Music Perception","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":163,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Kingston General Hospital; Queen's University","funders":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","keywords":"Fetus; Stimulus (psychology); Psychology; Heart rate; Gestation; Audiology; Pregnancy; Developmental psychology; Endocrinology; Internal medicine; Medicine; Biology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05622502606749905,"gpt":0.2978198881064993,"spread":0.2415948620390003,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003227816,0.00008724653,0.00007728487,0.0002491269,0.0003328893,0.00006649019,0.0004590793,0.00001769126,0.00005664958],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005982217,0.00007660647,0.00002030325,0.00177537,0.0005642446,0.000729986,0.0001695219,0.00005205805,0.0002344812],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001801792,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004540366,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002245538,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001270004,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983837,0.00001850798,0.0001800316,0.0004521809,0.0006725151,0.000293084],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996257,0.00002572048,0.00005131398,0.000128435,0.0000364189,0.0001324277],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002707554,0.00003142183,0.00008554751,0.000001701479,7.202018e-8,0.000005309634,0.00105173,0.00002317511,0.9933116,0.001245563,0.00002806334,0.004188677],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001329566,0.00006687514,0.1035242,0.00001544495,5.930067e-7,0.00005945799,0.0001640802,0.00001138427,0.8951073,0.0003336141,0.0004812841,0.0001028522],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.994545,4.747603e-7,0.0006491335,0.0003224568,0.0004229991,0.0001873765,0.000004159384,0.00004255544,0.003825799],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9932344,0.000002187697,0.004349657,0.002176527,0.00001709486,0.00000978665,3.151085e-7,0.000004145114,0.0002059114],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1034386,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3123921,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2132955223","doi":"10.1111/j.1467-7687.2008.00694.x","title":"Do as I do: 7‐month‐old infants selectively reproduce others’ goals","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Developmental Science","topic":"Child and Animal Learning Development","field":"Psychology","cited_by":160,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; Queen's University; Yale University; University of Chicago; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Psychology; Developmental psychology; Cognitive psychology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02557703983660756,"gpt":0.2990807117106071,"spread":0.2735036718739995,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.001068748,0.0002654691,0.0002432077,0.0002298548,0.0009806046,0.0001016244,0.0007325258,0.00008139855,0.002555056],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003440825,0.0002381698,0.00005289812,0.001465516,0.0007045875,0.0003137747,0.0002585043,0.0002797348,0.003983666],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000352305,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006668775,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002114884,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000009206135,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9966751,0.00006277562,0.0003645606,0.001321575,0.0007730143,0.0008030294],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990528,0.00005844151,0.0001393577,0.000368445,0.0001182808,0.0002626654],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000224874,0.0004998162,0.7862769,0.000008430739,0.00009422499,0.0003941235,0.08448417,0.000004816403,0.0415341,0.008893549,0.01544864,0.06213638],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004587722,0.00009691301,0.9459687,0.00003709084,0.000002823911,0.0005361293,0.001234669,0.000001209994,0.009135666,0.0001573648,0.0419516,0.0004190493],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8030307,0.0001407625,0.00001279684,0.0002260888,0.0005288605,0.0002315252,0.000002858159,0.0001309569,0.1956955],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9790198,0.00001877323,0.003784908,0.0009670469,0.00009072213,0.00003443119,0.000002925542,0.00002426258,0.01605714],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1796384,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9983568,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2890989244","doi":"10.1111/desc.12729","title":"The development of children's preferences for equality and equity across 13 individualistic and collectivist cultures","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Developmental Science","topic":"Cultural Differences and Values","field":"Psychology","cited_by":155,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"John Templeton Foundation","keywords":"Collectivism; Individualistic culture; Equity (law); Individualism; Psychology; Social psychology; Empathy; Distributive justice; Cultural diversity; Morality; Social equality; Equity theory; Economic Justice; Developmental psychology; Sociology; Economics; Political science; Microeconomics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1436228112032193,"gpt":0.4494005408337666,"spread":0.3057777296305473,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001139391,0.0001268937,0.0001391628,0.00002288149,0.001877154,0.0002112914,0.0003679435,0.00004008106,0.00002759452],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001412251,0.00007233261,0.00001443269,0.0002838455,0.00220945,0.0001234218,0.0004615817,0.00005157472,0.000003961715],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004785509,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001578829,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001783201,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001743834,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986448,0.00003425263,0.0002669414,0.0003760279,0.0002917964,0.0003861525],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994436,0.0001307873,0.0001200851,0.00008776755,0.0001240693,0.00009371693],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001411143,0.0001155606,0.5555086,0.00003674356,0.0001012733,1.700025e-7,0.141591,3.372186e-8,0.005033642,0.01186084,0.0008852754,0.2847258],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002657301,0.00009040264,0.9866598,0.00001791847,0.000004656968,0.000007641438,0.005523594,0.000003742494,0.005037006,0.001686612,0.0005662331,0.0001366142],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.99624,0.00009707917,0.0001119907,0.00004704471,0.000194217,0.0003418548,0.00004020638,0.00001491045,0.002912652],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9963017,0.000007954729,0.003030745,0.00004100092,0.00002818161,0.00005262085,0.000005833258,0.000003081233,0.0005288652],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4311512,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9994223,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2151164734","doi":"10.1111/j.1467-7687.2008.00712.x","title":"Domain‐specific and domain‐general changes in children's development of number comparison","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Developmental Science","topic":"Cognitive and developmental aspects of mathematical skills","field":"Mathematics","cited_by":154,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"National Science Foundation","keywords":"Numerical cognition; Arabic numerals; Psychology; Numerical analysis; Computer simulation; Cognition; Statistics; Developmental psychology; Mathematics; Arithmetic; Mathematical analysis","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03657721931422317,"gpt":0.29629444320869,"spread":0.2597172238944668,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007725482,0.0002644962,0.000438434,0.0002222383,0.0004052148,0.0000320447,0.0003662776,0.00006210406,0.0002506702],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005218649,0.0002291258,0.00002898156,0.000858707,0.0009183521,0.0002278923,0.0004381902,0.0001378118,0.00007407188],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002742468,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002941596,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001004266,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006751585,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9974451,0.00002989576,0.000633386,0.0005090669,0.0008361927,0.0005463731],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992836,0.000132311,0.0001637855,0.0001356581,0.00008675336,0.0001979144],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006104399,0.001175113,0.8515483,0.00009549915,0.00005621506,0.00004584691,0.03423799,1.978322e-7,0.02768398,0.06088314,0.0008050058,0.02340767],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001086491,0.00003360464,0.8537481,0.0001798527,0.000003051478,0.0003267583,0.001753617,0.000002462441,0.1031433,0.03687613,0.002261325,0.0005853113],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9873801,0.0000382402,0.001051403,0.00006783895,0.00005472847,0.0003940818,0.000003865077,0.0000382047,0.01097156],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6355172,0.00002009988,0.3642729,0.00004305646,0.00001329253,0.00002391518,0.000003932827,0.00001118598,0.00009449013],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3632214,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.934348,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2115251145","doi":"10.1111/j.1467-7687.2009.00891.x","title":"The first steps in word learning are easier when the shoes fit: comparing monolingual and bilingual infants","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Developmental Science","topic":"Language Development and Disorders","field":"Psychology","cited_by":153,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Psychology; Task (project management); Object (grammar); First language; Linguistics; Language development; Word (group theory); Contrast (vision); Language acquisition; Word learning; Cryptographic nonce; Animacy; Cognitive psychology; Vocabulary; Developmental psychology; Artificial intelligence; Computer science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02625738252563142,"gpt":0.2972950414557021,"spread":0.2710376589300707,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001054186,0.0001658538,0.0001411528,0.0001207964,0.001192971,0.0002516632,0.0006004872,0.00004782386,0.00007611141],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000233666,0.00009952775,0.00001977026,0.0006180491,0.0004912338,0.0002039034,0.0002099636,0.0002783495,0.00005002015],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009847766,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001730879,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001809918,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002207559,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983826,0.00004606667,0.0002791027,0.0003632304,0.0003385391,0.0005904087],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994735,0.0001602774,0.00009797267,0.000153283,0.00003344854,0.0000815324],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006046598,0.00004680765,0.7382453,0.000002334611,0.000009805825,0.00002867377,0.1120107,0.00002373283,0.00007234417,0.000443723,0.0002901404,0.1487659],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000448841,0.00001697877,0.9548478,0.00003451144,0.000002115637,0.00002458893,0.03857837,0.0001248273,0.0001081604,0.0002591217,0.005356748,0.0001979768],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9855977,0.00052674,0.000008105455,0.0009526128,0.0002891781,0.0002185901,4.262721e-7,0.00004524793,0.01236137],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998202,0.00002408596,0.0003426496,0.0006175875,0.00002855319,0.00001267053,0.000001350507,0.000006961607,0.0007641123],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2166025,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9175492,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2088830584","doi":"10.1111/desc.12282","title":"Development and the epigenome: the ‘synapse’ of gene–environment interplay","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Developmental Science","topic":"Epigenetics and DNA Methylation","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":151,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research","funders":"National Institute of Mental Health; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research; John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation","keywords":"Epigenome; Epigenetics; Inheritance (genetic algorithm); Chromatin; Biology; Psychology; Transgenerational epigenetics; Epigenesis; Evolutionary biology; Developmental Science; Neuroscience; Gene; Developmental psychology; Cognitive psychology; Cognitive science; DNA methylation; Genetics; Gene expression","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01727244926083925,"gpt":0.2850283298872867,"spread":0.2677558806264474,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001813504,0.0002370425,0.000410993,0.0000540559,0.0003339476,0.00004453783,0.0007241156,0.0001022009,0.00001078982],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007542369,0.0001200988,0.00009267544,0.0001718439,0.001266415,0.000003176369,0.0005789046,0.0001045077,0.00001698552],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006941334,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004807211,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000005232991,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000007109742,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998381,0.0001058711,0.0004952446,0.0004418509,0.0003287213,0.0002472646],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992422,0.00005105934,0.0002998919,0.0003112692,0.00002809942,0.00006751187],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006949539,0.00001192116,0.00002542556,0.000269189,0.00005654711,3.500822e-7,0.0003884361,0.000002117863,0.002117546,0.0002102256,0.00001588119,0.9968954],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001426946,0.00002013056,0.0001539587,0.0001771352,0.0000370764,0.000009181346,0.00004993117,0.000002175997,0.01279555,0.00002184556,0.9864023,0.0001880665],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.005670359,0.9915757,0.001050038,0.00002226756,0.0001231744,0.0005473193,0.00000573437,0.000002681495,0.00100278],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.003259655,0.9898331,0.006444515,0.00004565453,0.00004703601,0.00008647818,0.00004396353,0.00001628963,0.0002232922],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9967073,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4897487,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2027898420","doi":"10.1111/desc.12024","title":"Speed isn't everything: complex processing speed measures mask individual differences and developmental changes in executive control","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Developmental Science","topic":"Cognitive Abilities and Testing","field":"Psychology","cited_by":147,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; National Institute on Drug Abuse; National Institute of Mental Health; National Institute on Aging; National Institutes of Health","keywords":"Information processing; Psychology; Cognition; Working memory; Cognitive psychology; Control (management); Task (project management); Executive functions; Information processing theory; Attentional control; Process (computing); Developmental psychology; Computer science; Neuroscience; Artificial intelligence","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.08520637984902889,"gpt":0.2982706197005618,"spread":0.2130642398515329,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008166416,0.000272801,0.0002979686,0.0003007879,0.0005172084,0.0003382532,0.0004207747,0.00006717271,0.001429195],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003213461,0.0002382875,0.00001925667,0.0007346747,0.001100463,0.00052853,0.0002979008,0.0002026812,0.00008393545],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002396926,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002945032,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008467518,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000403015,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9974482,0.00008191032,0.0003503705,0.0007167892,0.0006290352,0.0007736806],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991899,0.000265894,0.0001289044,0.00007417594,0.0001468305,0.0001943153],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000293457,0.00009370178,0.8038656,0.0000165391,0.00002492354,0.00002069133,0.03807575,2.595434e-7,0.0148364,0.0001525379,0.0002242861,0.1426599],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009933462,0.00005760861,0.9510524,0.00009433775,0.000006446085,0.00009839217,0.04602189,0.000137655,0.0006116556,0.0004263692,0.0001369955,0.0003629147],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9655339,0.00009807611,0.00004581716,0.000399129,0.0001542987,0.0006221958,0.00001500614,0.00006198064,0.03306965],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9954026,0.000003548804,0.003271206,0.0006960292,0.00003544267,0.00004572518,0.000006238607,0.00001310231,0.000526097],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1471867,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9994836,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2346891577","doi":"10.1111/desc.12403","title":"The development of generosity and moral cognition across five cultures","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Developmental Science","topic":"Cultural Differences and Values","field":"Psychology","cited_by":147,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Child and Family Research Institute; University of Toronto","funders":"John Templeton Foundation","keywords":"Generosity; Collectivism; Psychology; Morality; Cognition; Moral development; Social psychology; Individualism; Socioeconomic status; Developmental psychology; Cognitive development; Variance (accounting); Sociology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.08859169962807412,"gpt":0.3811087067171727,"spread":0.2925170070890986,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003449856,0.00008047794,0.00007148234,0.00001331954,0.0007357414,0.00005004748,0.000232697,0.00002626348,0.000067368],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003349594,0.0000352381,0.00001353484,0.0001570442,0.0008515993,0.0001392654,0.0001690367,0.00002859477,0.00004333991],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004680036,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006303377,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003566684,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002411084,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990849,0.00001762347,0.0001720801,0.0002262718,0.0002299823,0.0002691128],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996915,0.00004191964,0.0000654708,0.00006253798,0.00007263868,0.00006591504],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006768779,0.00006822574,0.1458849,0.000006900095,0.00003611381,0.000001734857,0.06078173,6.496253e-8,0.2943009,0.006626027,0.0008036565,0.491422],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002120195,0.00001676289,0.9454182,0.00002149966,0.000001662125,0.000008093009,0.005354248,9.355852e-7,0.04773428,0.0004181717,0.0007240243,0.00009004261],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9973165,0.00006444346,0.00005120752,0.0001276315,0.0002012827,0.00009295737,0.000009612654,0.00001332789,0.00212297],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9963468,0.00001485347,0.001766836,0.00003885712,0.00001249776,0.00001553047,0.00000153515,0.000002005671,0.001801051],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7995333,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5658802,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2121975023","doi":"10.1111/j.1467-7687.2008.00685.x","title":"The effect of functional morphemes on word segmentation in preverbal infants","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Developmental Science","topic":"Language Development and Disorders","field":"Psychology","cited_by":145,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Morpheme; Noun; Functor; Psychology; Linguistics; Mean length of utterance; Nonsense; Part of speech; Natural language processing; Artificial intelligence; Language development; Computer science; Mathematics; Developmental psychology; Chemistry; Pure mathematics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01385200610140448,"gpt":0.2782615883218462,"spread":0.2644095822204417,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005572826,0.0001016929,0.00009084761,0.0001223959,0.0003081837,0.00001442005,0.0002404983,0.00002846469,0.0004448126],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008491873,0.00006616444,0.00002109884,0.0007132086,0.000427013,0.0001506838,0.00006040921,0.00007233871,0.0001664359],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001233227,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001432731,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006013575,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004566507,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987697,0.000050199,0.0002084647,0.0002434984,0.000452783,0.00027534],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996096,0.0001651167,0.00006543138,0.00009646182,0.00001986245,0.00004353422],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004771925,0.00007875945,0.9054878,0.000005275167,0.00001837158,0.00002659768,0.008164876,0.00002092502,0.006574951,0.0004455645,0.002769886,0.07592974],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008806972,0.00008085347,0.9820935,0.00001177812,0.000001191554,0.00001976085,0.0008603709,0.00000728446,0.01554748,0.00002934926,0.0003649129,0.0001027764],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9764621,0.00005675537,0.00002352257,0.00004749798,0.0004888036,0.0002353059,0.000001224193,0.00001585033,0.02266899],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982044,0.0000081228,0.0003083915,0.00009035312,0.00001096082,0.00005596287,0.000006645935,0.000004370427,0.001310784],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.07660568,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4870386,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2135664511","doi":"10.1111/j.1467-7687.2011.01078.x","title":"Long trajectory for the development of sensitivity to global and biological motion","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Developmental Science","topic":"Visual perception and processing mechanisms","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":144,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research; International Society for Eye Research","keywords":"Biological motion; Motion (physics); Sensitivity (control systems); Trajectory; Psychology; Noise (video); Motion perception; Psychophysics; Computer vision; Monotonic function; Audiology; Artificial intelligence; Point (geometry); SIGNAL (programming language); Communication; Mathematics; Computer science; Neuroscience; Physics; Mathematical analysis; Medicine; Geometry; Engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1836865259337623,"gpt":0.3400995798911016,"spread":0.1564130539573393,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008503625,0.00007821106,0.00007149774,0.00003642134,0.0005006921,0.00002895352,0.0001774786,0.00002480426,0.00002962292],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002704124,0.00005085687,0.00001330548,0.0004187891,0.0003647983,0.000135977,0.0001298995,0.0000306186,0.00001483179],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008020815,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001606297,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000005484446,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003393888,"domain_scores_codex":[0.99908,0.00002773742,0.0001488683,0.0003109802,0.0002258681,0.0002065433],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997143,0.00005879568,0.00004175746,0.00005375081,0.00003830287,0.00009309743],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000383844,0.00005207835,0.004526226,0.000007790599,8.948957e-7,8.962137e-7,0.005001989,0.000001146219,0.8170854,0.001225983,0.000005937518,0.1720533],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00008277385,0.00003960802,0.422497,0.000008375839,9.224992e-7,0.00001883422,0.0003985138,0.0001412943,0.5764329,0.0002301965,0.00006687834,0.00008268756],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9028252,0.000002478853,0.09605596,0.00002841484,0.000135766,0.00021784,0.000004098002,0.00002420526,0.0007060818],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9607378,0.000001386937,0.03886089,0.0003588529,0.000006185147,0.00001540722,3.043296e-7,0.000002079127,0.00001715102],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4179707,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3850969,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2038963490","doi":"10.1111/j.1467-7687.2008.00695.x","title":"Lying in the name of the collective good: a developmental study","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Developmental Science","topic":"Deception detection and forensic psychology","field":"Psychology","cited_by":143,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","keywords":"Lying; Cheating; Psychology; Deception; Social psychology; Developmental psychology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05869220816179385,"gpt":0.3286809770902328,"spread":0.2699887689284389,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009768158,0.0001152981,0.0001305827,0.0001852934,0.0006159843,0.00001588151,0.0007843647,0.0000395201,0.0006325895],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007565066,0.00007018164,0.00003592315,0.002353075,0.001103534,0.0001061052,0.0001530711,0.0001913092,0.0002040675],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003081399,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004218019,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000115064,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002103335,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983003,0.0001704573,0.0003161833,0.0003630436,0.0005295224,0.0003204826],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995422,0.00007206152,0.0001032676,0.000190246,0.00005014179,0.00004208515],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006825141,0.0008192324,0.7864501,0.000001141999,0.0000255584,0.00004144868,0.1970024,0.000001609079,0.002010142,0.0006469997,0.002576526,0.01035658],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007057494,0.0000737653,0.9516662,0.000005146174,0.000001716849,0.0005743842,0.04414785,0.000002459723,0.0004050365,0.00007563464,0.002244754,0.00009735343],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8634011,0.00001049421,0.00002120308,0.0001141825,0.0008371823,0.0004800099,0.000001541637,0.00001534687,0.135119],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9964175,0.000001304018,0.0004189633,0.0005598673,0.0000121259,0.00008813889,2.984828e-7,0.000005257762,0.002496609],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.165216,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6926411,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2128122943","doi":"10.1111/j.1467-7687.2009.00900.x","title":"Categorization, categorical perception, and asymmetry in infants’ representation of face race","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Developmental Science","topic":"Face Recognition and Perception","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":139,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Hydro One (Canada); University of Toronto","funders":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Categorization; Psychology; Race (biology); Categorical perception; Categorical variable; Perception; Face perception; Developmental psychology; Contrast (vision); Ethnic group; Cognitive psychology; Artificial intelligence; Mathematics; Speech perception","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03382619453946813,"gpt":0.3059508863314519,"spread":0.2721246917919838,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002947941,0.00009000141,0.0001121176,0.0002850542,0.0001628313,0.0000534336,0.0001648434,0.0000417441,0.000104512],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004748319,0.00008658352,0.00001323959,0.001882915,0.0002981008,0.0007093956,0.00004546946,0.00008464861,0.00004634824],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001350599,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001155029,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000487775,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001205213,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986629,0.00005308192,0.0002616457,0.0004012498,0.000413149,0.0002079897],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999659,0.00004765241,0.00007237762,0.00007913014,0.00005365978,0.00008816577],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001498922,0.00006234154,0.02479235,0.000003927935,2.180039e-7,0.000002230919,0.002927606,0.00002465182,0.9192472,0.0008527716,0.0000555262,0.05201625],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002928941,0.00003776049,0.8266698,0.00001002259,0.000001058785,0.00004521209,0.001257961,0.00115876,0.1693923,0.0009144522,0.00008836006,0.000131404],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9933001,0.000005738645,0.001774203,0.0004173103,0.00009561755,0.000175406,0.000002151586,0.0000288288,0.004200639],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9979834,0.0001170661,0.001372318,0.0003908633,0.000009479713,0.000004331244,0.000005268666,0.00000313344,0.0001141639],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8018774,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3530774,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2100932263","doi":"10.1111/j.1467-7687.2010.01031.x","title":"Maturation of EEG power spectra in early adolescence: a longitudinal study","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Developmental Science","topic":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":136,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University; Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital; University of Toronto","funders":"Economic and Social Research Council; Canadian Institutes of Health Research","keywords":"Electroencephalography; Psychology; Audiology; Alpha (finance); Developmental psychology; Demography; Frequency; Chemistry; Statistics; Mathematics; Medicine; Neuroscience; Psychometrics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05102131728477883,"gpt":0.2818165842225071,"spread":0.2307952669377283,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004122904,0.0001100169,0.0001167193,0.0002134541,0.0001141383,0.00005853618,0.0006448427,0.00002004139,0.00009972775],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008594486,0.00009202241,0.00001753026,0.001069755,0.0003900723,0.0006338251,0.0001961518,0.0001103634,0.00005135147],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008725929,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001333851,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001046418,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005458047,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984137,0.00003807205,0.0002670119,0.0004676231,0.000517345,0.0002961977],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996655,0.00002561209,0.00008200824,0.000128227,0.00003298592,0.00006566032],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004730062,0.0004355971,0.6211313,0.000004247497,9.571573e-7,0.0000452081,0.01684919,8.912905e-7,0.3600135,0.0006654559,0.00001678175,0.0007895766],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001379004,0.0001324491,0.6848512,0.00002285935,5.155909e-7,0.00001680096,0.0005468121,0.00002091504,0.3140845,0.00009691966,0.000003970727,0.00008517759],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9917715,0.000003129842,0.0001504357,0.00001614716,0.0002513985,0.0002506911,0.000001237412,0.00002594608,0.00752952],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.996762,8.407062e-7,0.003090842,0.00007078693,0.000004771116,0.000006118712,8.366301e-8,0.000004125221,0.00006046843],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.06371991,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3752565,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2741928096","doi":"10.1111/desc.12590","title":"Do storybooks with anthropomorphized animal characters promote prosocial behaviors in young children?","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Developmental Science","topic":"Child and Animal Learning Development","field":"Psychology","cited_by":134,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Prosocial behavior; Psychology; Reading (process); Developmental psychology; Story telling; Social psychology; Literature; Narrative; Linguistics; Art","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01649893819655282,"gpt":0.3047844840507583,"spread":0.2882855458542055,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007557821,0.0002450806,0.0002438245,0.0001815613,0.001516552,0.0003517516,0.0009045785,0.00007277969,0.0003092008],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004986322,0.0002062851,0.00003289128,0.0002447153,0.001492954,0.0004621276,0.0002717446,0.0003250648,0.0002042449],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003709089,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004993633,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005028372,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003116943,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9975353,0.00003322294,0.0002732215,0.0008410774,0.000603163,0.0007139909],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992157,0.000007942028,0.0002392362,0.0003097469,0.00005386442,0.0001735249],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001740442,0.0001898258,0.9714563,0.000002220816,0.00001413232,0.00008398112,0.008133806,4.953379e-8,0.01260398,0.000605906,0.00006530039,0.006670416],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001211275,0.0001557639,0.9953349,0.0000720627,0.000005345451,0.0001310725,0.0005600359,7.846472e-7,0.001930383,0.000007100808,0.0002244355,0.0003667924],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9758044,0.00001088405,0.000002462162,0.0002193235,0.0004229179,0.0005349006,0.000006362851,0.00006222181,0.0229365],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9976667,0.00000220945,0.001430868,0.00005540184,0.00006247216,0.00005552591,0.000007555736,0.00002175061,0.0006975679],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02387861,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997833,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2038906723","doi":"10.1111/j.1467-7687.2004.00375.x","title":"The role of joint attention in the development of infants’ play with objects","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Developmental Science","topic":"Child and Animal Learning Development","field":"Psychology","cited_by":134,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Capilano University; St. Francis Xavier University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Joint attention; Psychology; Joint (building); Developmental psychology; Maturity (psychological); Visual attention; Cognition; Neuroscience","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01200791918925699,"gpt":0.2519466366788589,"spread":0.2399387174896019,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00155534,0.0001243657,0.0001383846,0.0001248992,0.0003895573,0.00003166731,0.0005500356,0.00002977165,0.00003191593],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004747223,0.00006571235,0.00002387535,0.0009153992,0.0005345752,0.0001010177,0.0001156829,0.0001429622,0.0000396383],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001586128,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007510561,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006467097,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00033802,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982389,0.0000395214,0.0004352772,0.0002921668,0.0006394763,0.0003546256],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994878,0.0000551438,0.0001845793,0.0001678177,0.00006134997,0.00004335028],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002869471,0.0007594803,0.4175537,0.00002392808,0.00008511173,0.00002105392,0.2613815,0.00006725858,0.1652845,0.03971101,0.00004162215,0.1147839],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004653052,0.00006249266,0.9537705,0.00009629879,0.000001984942,0.00002737326,0.01586197,0.00000108156,0.02775732,0.0002379792,0.001603679,0.0001140054],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9743516,0.00007657572,0.00004972524,0.0001310076,0.00009591633,0.0002513624,7.872396e-7,0.00001056171,0.02503242],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9929447,0.000003329602,0.006876896,0.00006207232,0.000007567396,0.00003044543,0.000002179163,0.000005900863,0.0000669143],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5362168,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2996199,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}