{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":7,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":7,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12","author_layer_release":"2026-06-26"},"query_hash":"c25d4094aaff","filters":{"venue":"Discover Cities"}},"results":[{"id":"W4410747552","doi":"10.1007/s44327-025-00096-w","title":"Smart greenhouse farming: a review towards near zero energy consumption","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Discover Cities","topic":"Greenhouse Technology and Climate Control","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"École de Technologie Supérieure; Université de Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Greenhouse; Energy consumption; Zero (linguistics); Consumption (sociology); Agriculture; Greenhouse gas; Agricultural economics; Environmental science; Agricultural engineering; Natural resource economics; Economics; Engineering; Geography; Electrical engineering; Agronomy; Sociology; Ecology","authors":[{"name":"Abdellatif Soussi","is_ca":false},{"name":"Enrico Zero","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ahmed Ouammi","is_ca":true},{"name":"Driss Zejli","is_ca":false},{"name":"Said Zahmoun","is_ca":false},{"name":"Roberto Sacile","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04158628697021129,"gpt":0.2825943627232294,"spread":0.2410080757530181,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008264998,0.0009563559,0.001522347,0.002930596,0.0003345461,0.001393503,0.0009312491,0.001245232,0.003865548],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001191721,0.0004298941,0.0009649281,0.003290157,0.0004169529,0.001690538,0.0007741491,0.00145737,0.001270547],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006388921,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001586831,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001515912,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002290469,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996706,0.00005818594,0.00005239105,0.00006183025,0.0001288774,0.00002813814],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999244,0.0004590095,0.00008925101,0.00001850285,0.0001577878,0.00003144224],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007820784,0.00009126696,0.0002436482,0.124888,0.0002488457,0.0002496344,0.0001691548,0.0008706691,0.002816856,0.01063835,0.03053409,0.8291714],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001015245,0.0001008217,0.0005868407,0.01556476,0.0002487643,0.0004288111,0.00008517008,0.000110169,0.0005770812,0.001924039,0.9803411,0.00002243897],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0001515797,0.9984959,0.0001265523,0.0001882997,0.0001349897,0.000005799335,0.00002290885,0.000005924877,0.0008679273],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0007319028,0.9986608,0.0001703323,0.0001333915,0.00005862319,0.000006409847,0.00002238855,0.000001568141,0.0002145587],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.003865548,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01293153,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4402600173","doi":"10.1007/s44327-024-00018-2","title":"Enhancing Urban Climate Resistance Through the Application of Selected Strategies and Technologies","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Discover Cities","topic":"Impact of Light on Environment and Health","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Resistance (ecology); Environmental science; Environmental planning; Climate change; Environmental resource management; Ecology; Biology","authors":[{"name":"Caroline Hachem-Vermette","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0081627129905777,"gpt":0.2453272040087258,"spread":0.2371644910181481,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.005547778,0.00144853,0.0003779684,0.002908638,0.0007933938,0.003719921,0.0007981117,0.0008122284,0.002168096],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00793796,0.000170446,0.0006897913,0.00209801,0.001236156,0.002650684,0.002510762,0.0004766065,0.0003476361],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.003581361,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00368291,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001744358,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00453283,"domain_scores_codex":[0.99442,0.002905888,0.0002955946,0.0003792874,0.001414311,0.0005848616],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9966253,0.00115156,0.0007060862,0.0002791942,0.0009254476,0.0003123456],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004502294,0.002612437,0.06591055,0.002736344,0.0005222583,0.000532666,0.006160136,0.08014506,0.01959825,0.08555541,0.002808221,0.7329684],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003961817,0.02241037,0.2115834,0.004694111,0.001931328,0.001337554,0.1016451,0.2194317,0.1269198,0.1386018,0.1703471,0.0007017311],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7924714,0.001135879,0.09588558,0.001773408,0.00004882413,0.003248123,0.0003155538,0.0002913693,0.1048298],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9260586,0.0007599804,0.06996607,0.0001141067,0.00000748447,0.0009136993,0.0001214653,0.00002236179,0.002036231],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.005547778,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02933979,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4401701492","doi":"10.1007/s44327-024-00014-6","title":"Promoting global alliances for sustainable architectural education, training, and practice in Nigeria","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Discover Cities","topic":"Sustainable Building Design and Assessment","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences","keywords":"Training (meteorology); Business; Sustainable development; Economic growth; Political science; Geography; Economics","authors":[{"name":"Ebere Donatus Okonta","is_ca":false},{"name":"Oluwaseun Ayodapo Ayinla","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01230139892357608,"gpt":0.2939184575537613,"spread":0.2816170586301853,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004513731,0.0002174764,0.0001375573,0.0008557099,0.003876871,0.00416741,0.0002578321,0.0009861036,0.003659144],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003035893,0.0002571096,0.0001346408,0.0009286021,0.002138063,0.004056972,0.005368882,0.001163883,0.0003253139],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001736822,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.006424051,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001442283,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.009293074,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998376,0.0009574764,0.00007736526,0.00008110463,0.0001977365,0.0003103699],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.997507,0.0009508365,0.0004084763,0.0001545908,0.0003106376,0.0006685359],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001012587,0.0007419937,0.05462566,0.001962324,0.00002158226,0.004314681,0.3404308,0.001177474,0.004598673,0.2006959,0.01495694,0.3763727],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001741757,0.0001680902,0.02744714,0.002062245,0.00002319781,0.0009954018,0.6153762,0.0005603344,0.001225198,0.013432,0.3386618,0.00003096596],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.7540019,0.008692136,0.00622925,0.01480011,0.0004895189,0.000256112,0.0000244683,0.00005211339,0.2154545],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9875098,0.002838066,0.003526725,0.0003628322,0.00001576976,0.00004492875,0.00001059235,0.000008086438,0.005683148],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.004513731,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02387112,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4401899597","doi":"10.1007/s44327-024-00015-5","title":"Impacts of long-term transit system disruptions and transitional periods on travelers: a systematic review","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Discover Cities","topic":"Urban Transport and Accessibility","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"Term (time); Service (business); Transit (satellite); Business; Risk analysis (engineering); Transport engineering; Public transport; Engineering; Marketing","authors":[{"name":"M. G. MAREI","is_ca":true},{"name":"Ehab Diab","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04838943675263419,"gpt":0.3684993167229037,"spread":0.3201098799702695,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004235236,0.001178932,0.00296602,0.009964989,0.0007278059,0.002423033,0.001195503,0.001566429,0.003818618],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01845933,0.000749082,0.004649159,0.0119431,0.0006158964,0.001973667,0.001400428,0.0009151402,0.0003116338],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002903315,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.01545737,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01181306,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.03744814,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9967571,0.001090007,0.0009666111,0.0002767473,0.0007632676,0.0001462178],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9876817,0.009012025,0.001493868,0.0001819982,0.001442175,0.0001882037],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"systematic_review","study_design_gemma":"systematic_review","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008908557,0.00003191398,0.001232583,0.8885345,0.002991334,0.0002013526,0.0005508256,0.000203749,0.0001684806,0.0007438209,0.004041645,0.1012106],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00005455845,0.0001593134,0.006372705,0.8961289,0.02316278,0.0006120303,0.001171525,0.0001159415,0.0002220808,0.0006209105,0.0713312,0.00004801922],"study_design_candidate":"systematic_review","study_design_consensus":"systematic_review","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.001140104,0.9973301,0.0002027719,0.0002840936,0.0001138629,0.0001440268,0.0003092164,0.000007318375,0.0004686215],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00775712,0.9913405,0.0002959714,0.0001883874,0.00003556556,0.0001331723,0.0001360719,0.000002809731,0.0001104112],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01181306,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02348858,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4411648719","doi":"10.1007/s44327-025-00099-7","title":"Digitally melting cities under climate stress","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Discover Cities","topic":"Smart Cities and Technologies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Stress (linguistics); Environmental science; Materials science; Geography","authors":[{"name":"Ünsal Özdilek","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008285520170886662,"gpt":0.2114354168007837,"spread":0.203149896629897,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004116779,0.0004974164,0.0003570937,0.0007274606,0.001326769,0.004330059,0.0009459958,0.00145462,0.009975194],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002086899,0.0002586966,0.0005813395,0.0008261156,0.002701915,0.004330026,0.003709554,0.00124411,0.0005852827],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002918274,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001115047,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01805239,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0201377,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996821,0.00007994595,0.0000113258,0.00006785326,0.00003988636,0.0001188656],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993352,0.0001675801,0.0001231604,0.0000935354,0.000110287,0.00017013],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002102287,0.0001801549,0.02855085,0.0001449373,0.00006710534,0.0008369482,0.001842286,0.6852365,0.002231595,0.2499268,0.005023033,0.02574955],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00005146802,0.0002262909,0.02143026,0.0001701948,0.00009447127,0.0003062164,0.007570722,0.6441841,0.001532014,0.2899144,0.03436901,0.0001507776],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8777186,0.0004650668,0.03485696,0.007485087,0.0001555151,0.00008080355,0.001203942,0.0003083363,0.07772569],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9970093,0.0001617418,0.00081658,0.00009200141,0.00001303016,0.00001773212,0.00009653949,0.00001734867,0.001775603],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01805239,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03589463,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7117253002","doi":"10.1007/s44327-025-00172-1","title":"Investigation of pluvial flash flood loads on overpasses for the city of Montreal","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Discover Cities","topic":"Flood Risk Assessment and Management","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada","funders":"National Research Council Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Trottier Institute for Sustainability in Engineering and Design; Alliance de recherche numérique du Canada","keywords":"Flash flood; Pluvial; Flood myth; Flash (photography)","authors":[{"name":"Oveys Ziya","is_ca":false},{"name":"Laxmi Sushama","is_ca":false},{"name":"Husham Almansour","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01302436507873382,"gpt":0.2426180742616544,"spread":0.2295937091829206,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001597181,0.0004555345,0.0002252805,0.0006067939,0.0006016105,0.0007149929,0.0005568704,0.0003858189,0.001223054],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005324782,0.0001761532,0.0004258598,0.0006857889,0.0002274409,0.0003501771,0.0003175851,0.0002277471,0.0001084769],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.005143597,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.003253284,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.908919,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9261566,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998994,0.000009420379,0.00000297514,0.00002497187,0.00002425446,0.00003908439],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998083,0.00003208606,0.00002671666,0.00001700039,0.0000609508,0.00005511679],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001944962,0.0001411759,0.7669631,0.00004769034,0.0002028289,0.0006005548,0.0005849011,0.210385,0.007037152,0.0008364487,0.001287027,0.01171968],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001183261,0.0000524018,0.779227,0.000008758005,0.00003910382,0.00003652284,0.0005802246,0.2182604,0.0007709308,0.00007079059,0.0009131004,0.00002891414],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9984048,0.00001571916,0.0001780823,0.0000232353,0.000001713326,0.000008541367,0.0006586065,0.00002611296,0.0006832569],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989139,0.00002251159,0.0002095706,0.000004365793,9.663916e-7,0.000004029321,0.000505823,0.000005816749,0.0003330287],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.09108102,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1832348,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4416742291","doi":"10.1007/s44327-025-00163-2","title":"Insights on the use of local sustainability indicators for national urban policy","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Discover Cities","topic":"Sustainability and Climate Change Governance","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique; Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"Fonds de Recherche du Québec-Société et Culture","keywords":"Sustainability; Dilemma; Strengths and weaknesses; Population; Urban sustainability; Urban policy; Socioeconomic status; Urban planning; Typology","authors":[{"name":"Juste Rajaonson","is_ca":true},{"name":"Georges A. Tanguay","is_ca":true},{"name":"Pier-Karl Bilodeau","is_ca":true},{"name":"J.H. Yu","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02679254994742074,"gpt":0.2724029040205586,"spread":0.2456103540731379,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01927156,0.0003645376,0.0004517667,0.005137403,0.00243926,0.007966215,0.001097853,0.0004918484,0.002071215],"category_scores_gemma":[0.02933037,0.0002451833,0.0003589645,0.007852065,0.004981568,0.003109437,0.004177558,0.0009327604,0.0002045215],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.02528727,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.02178757,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.2310366,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.4411939,"domain_scores_codex":[0.988644,0.007781007,0.0005778167,0.0004781449,0.001763961,0.0007550787],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9830914,0.008623271,0.001959723,0.001545875,0.00406786,0.0007118162],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001482378,0.0002575209,0.3060393,0.00075919,0.0001386886,0.0002330584,0.03273692,0.04579028,0.00118271,0.3460867,0.006999811,0.2596276],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004685313,0.0002671346,0.3648498,0.002297784,0.0002309127,0.0001619722,0.1589322,0.1038791,0.00723394,0.2525451,0.1092416,0.0003135785],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7186064,0.001285332,0.0969552,0.01542937,0.00005951906,0.0005444763,0.002204149,0.0003765752,0.1645389],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9826925,0.0002078688,0.01614869,0.00007858532,0.000002747738,0.0000708989,0.0001780472,0.0000173225,0.0006034573],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2310366,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4593838,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}