{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":6,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":6,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12","author_layer_release":"2026-06-26"},"query_hash":"72d3570f75ce","filters":{"venue":"Discover Computing"}},"results":[{"id":"W4416247720","doi":"10.1007/s10791-025-09745-5","title":"Comparative analysis of artificial intelligence policies in universities across five countries","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Discover Computing","topic":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education","field":"Medicine","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Excellence; Higher education; Corporate governance; Thematic analysis; Policy analysis; Descriptive statistics","authors":[{"name":"Luke Parker","is_ca":false},{"name":"A. Jane Loper","is_ca":false},{"name":"Josh Hayes","is_ca":false},{"name":"Alice Karakas","is_ca":false},{"name":"Steven H. White","is_ca":false},{"name":"Heidi L. Hallman","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1085449936165054,"gpt":0.4697543158780751,"spread":0.3612093222615697,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002413552,0.00009790076,0.0004313199,0.0004639995,0.0001222202,0.00002903305,0.00009173477,0.00005656496,0.00002389128],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004994063,0.00009590653,0.0001022786,0.001723409,0.0002241176,0.00009823543,0.00006298366,0.00013442,0.000005574728],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00025226,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000498177,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01271122,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003366074,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989159,0.00004837151,0.0004788855,0.0001873113,0.0001409271,0.0002286777],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990726,0.0004120896,0.0001205638,0.0001577337,0.000205188,0.00003189232],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004479782,0.0003373051,0.5168262,0.0002762958,0.0009003175,0.000009951972,0.2822348,0.06764101,0.0002726243,0.1154387,0.0001176327,0.01549719],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003110982,0.000093822,0.1967408,0.0003894987,0.0003792544,8.462947e-7,0.6646392,0.1133,0.0226769,0.001492653,0.0001024335,0.0001535923],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9862662,0.0001924192,0.01060536,0.0005976221,0.0001946915,0.0001532489,0.00001825849,0.00001645281,0.001955737],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991527,0.00001727008,0.000191912,0.000266809,0.00004307141,0.000001389448,0.00002846194,0.000002385679,0.0002960623],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3824044,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9938632,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4400046281","doi":"10.1007/s10791-024-09435-8","title":"Injecting the score of the first-stage retriever as text improves BERT-based re-rankers","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Discover Computing","topic":"Topic Modeling","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Horizon 2020 Framework Programme","keywords":"Labrador Retriever; Stage (stratigraphy); Computer science; Natural language processing; Artificial intelligence; Information retrieval; Medicine; Biology; Surgery","authors":[{"name":"Arian Askari","is_ca":false},{"name":"Amin Abolghasemi","is_ca":false},{"name":"Gabriella Pasi","is_ca":false},{"name":"Wessel Kraaij","is_ca":false},{"name":"Suzan Verberne","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01901571512607659,"gpt":0.2539155939652864,"spread":0.2348998788392098,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006997115,0.0001929968,0.0001785187,0.00007299613,0.0004032716,0.0004727622,0.001488294,0.0000626993,0.000008575381],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002034868,0.0001137798,0.0002073224,0.0008257114,0.0001016371,0.0003534094,0.0008232761,0.0004072601,0.00001304848],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009648082,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003520507,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006206459,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005679796,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981629,0.00008485685,0.0003966419,0.0005231206,0.000477054,0.0003554714],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981629,0.0006055791,0.0001600302,0.0009812239,0.00005241447,0.00003785876],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005627508,0.000184016,0.04206278,0.00164522,0.0004056068,0.0001097954,0.04993979,0.3269653,0.007264253,0.3520965,0.003366339,0.2159041],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001789196,0.00003151864,0.002788148,0.0004826721,0.00001554195,0.000006254493,0.0004433614,0.9882879,0.003971125,0.000751198,0.00284987,0.0001935209],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6023113,0.0005873909,0.3869622,0.004377338,0.00175894,0.0003432816,0.000003412465,0.0002043554,0.00345177],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9955264,0.000001198176,0.002780274,0.001078081,0.0001688152,0.000002860452,7.17277e-7,0.00002042233,0.0004212096],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6613225,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4639805,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4411162948","doi":"10.1007/s10791-025-09622-1","title":"A unified and scalable machine learning framework for feature fusion in object classification using weighted PCA with adaptive concatenation and dynamic scaling","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Discover Computing","topic":"Face and Expression Recognition","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Canadian Institute for Advanced Research; California Institute of Technology","keywords":"Concatenation (mathematics); Computer science; Feature (linguistics); Artificial intelligence; Fusion; Pattern recognition (psychology); Scaling; Scalability; Object (grammar); Mathematics; Arithmetic","authors":[{"name":"Amitav Mahapatra","is_ca":false},{"name":"Prashanta Kumar Patra","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01672792079460974,"gpt":0.2727885543593744,"spread":0.2560606335647647,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002706442,0.0001294946,0.0001639618,0.0001988063,0.0003163051,0.0002195309,0.0001011189,0.00009972585,3.838937e-7],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005476718,0.0001083641,0.00001806569,0.0004729465,0.0000332386,0.0003833571,0.0001311772,0.0002461761,2.49675e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007626046,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007075305,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001262378,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000375383,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990547,0.00008867303,0.0001635432,0.0003944814,0.0001110949,0.0001874563],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994147,0.0002597622,0.0001115658,0.0001075259,0.00007615423,0.00003026136],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0009218014,0.0003061748,0.1783298,0.000699513,0.0001633279,0.00002056498,0.01096186,0.05235815,0.0614929,0.1317683,0.00003191188,0.5629457],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006676779,0.00004870768,0.02175903,0.0008359296,0.00001198337,0.000003688999,0.0006630982,0.9724241,0.0005497827,0.00288934,0.00001216736,0.0001344836],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4523054,0.0001771667,0.5470048,0.0001852351,0.00005010392,0.0001868896,0.000001785668,0.00003510107,0.00005352569],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8615367,0.00001685795,0.1382924,0.00007435196,0.000009533461,0.000004939981,0.00002826413,0.000007025899,0.00002989245],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9200659,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4418961,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4411037799","doi":"10.1007/s10791-025-09619-w","title":"Medicine image classification using deep learning: highlighting the MedNet-MoBiL hybrid model","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Discover Computing","topic":"AI in cancer detection","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université de Moncton","funders":"Strong","keywords":"Artificial intelligence; Deep learning; Computer science; Pattern recognition (psychology)","authors":[{"name":"Sheikh Muhammad Saqib","is_ca":false},{"name":"Oan Muhammad","is_ca":false},{"name":"Tehseen Mazhar","is_ca":false},{"name":"Muhammad Iqbal","is_ca":false},{"name":"Sghaier Guizani","is_ca":false},{"name":"Habib Hamam","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02607325318491194,"gpt":0.2983110197901346,"spread":0.2722377666052226,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008533425,0.0002060333,0.0002149541,0.000162529,0.0008268539,0.0002770636,0.0009861179,0.00004767349,0.000003752147],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001767334,0.0001547351,0.00007532548,0.0007560289,0.0001431892,0.0005829042,0.0005455867,0.0004135293,0.000008832721],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003790018,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001884793,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001486632,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000007707418,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9980294,0.0001803909,0.0004380139,0.0005903841,0.0003885833,0.0003732644],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998566,0.0003217282,0.00029826,0.0006282924,0.0001388401,0.00004691095],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001637367,0.000050733,0.00142172,0.00009207035,0.00008742796,0.000009485608,0.004348556,0.6889166,0.04407246,0.1117177,0.001033392,0.1482335],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002543096,0.00002070109,0.0008076351,0.0001273548,0.0000233286,0.00001130419,0.0003668639,0.9921148,0.00247442,0.002934225,0.0007047601,0.0001602402],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.05606017,0.0002931679,0.9324982,0.002693898,0.0009140643,0.0001921156,3.070315e-7,0.0002721016,0.007075987],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9733469,0.00001336894,0.02559488,0.0005027207,0.0002563263,0.000006289464,0.00000314994,0.00001623674,0.000260066],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9172868,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6359575,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4413439346","doi":"10.1007/s10791-025-09702-2","title":"Penalized GANs with latent perturbation for robust shilling attack generation in recommender systems","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Discover Computing","topic":"Recommender Systems and Techniques","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Recommender system; Computer science; Perturbation (astronomy); Machine learning; Physics; Astronomy","authors":[{"name":"Dina Nawara","is_ca":true},{"name":"Rasha Kashef","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.06577560909935555,"gpt":0.2947299264672751,"spread":0.2289543173679195,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006084595,0.0001715526,0.0002596697,0.0001973601,0.0001810105,0.0005154235,0.0003446834,0.00006812049,8.629111e-7],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001746392,0.0001398042,0.0000600783,0.0003775236,0.000009629623,0.0004523501,0.0001114595,0.0001132765,9.455683e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002012199,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009806154,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002582537,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00008604387,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985684,0.0001153318,0.0004310193,0.0004551914,0.0001528421,0.0002772681],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992526,0.0001318748,0.0001609382,0.0003251742,0.00009881206,0.00003057148],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006038736,0.0003193238,0.02273016,0.0006893421,0.0002100595,0.00001145837,0.004761329,0.5673967,0.0007256949,0.3540118,0.01737069,0.031713],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006643421,0.00005021715,0.0005981338,0.0003041903,0.000006892725,0.000004267653,0.0001279524,0.9955002,0.0003449985,0.000212166,0.001997774,0.0001888668],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.02131403,0.0002481283,0.9744712,0.0009426161,0.0006045281,0.0007473616,0.000001858195,0.0001504349,0.0015199],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9383171,0.000008743183,0.06074896,0.0002855734,0.0001260134,0.00006889304,0.00003003946,0.00001321792,0.0004015086],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.917003,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5701049,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4396658895","doi":"10.1007/s10791-024-09436-7","title":"Bcubed revisited: elements like me","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Discover Computing","topic":"Semantic Web and Ontologies","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek; Universiteit van Amsterdam; Canadian Institute of Steel Construction","keywords":"Geology","authors":[{"name":"Ruben van Heusden","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jaap Kamps","is_ca":false},{"name":"M. Marx","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01675289836194439,"gpt":0.2785453250355913,"spread":0.2617924266736469,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000325799,0.0001448282,0.0001641047,0.0001069878,0.0001142743,0.0007347825,0.0007183765,0.00003811261,0.00001588467],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003550981,0.0001191502,0.00009453676,0.0004340408,0.00002360475,0.0004772625,0.0005443147,0.0001377014,0.0002414926],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004740566,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008167714,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003869061,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002641684,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986187,0.00004612135,0.0002664329,0.0004704491,0.0002587411,0.0003395165],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992994,0.0001525174,0.00004396164,0.0004293595,0.0000248224,0.00004993341],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000589516,0.00009327861,0.01814481,0.0003453041,0.000217217,0.000496,0.004309029,0.000445853,0.00175472,0.6437801,0.02805184,0.3023559],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003405629,0.00008151067,0.01045814,0.0005840531,0.00002948204,0.00006849808,0.0003273592,0.929527,0.0009204715,0.006599038,0.05046725,0.0005965887],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.0891268,0.003196954,0.8898549,0.0009527276,0.002341514,0.000155786,0.00000236904,0.0009835035,0.01338547],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9754778,0.000015118,0.02309836,0.0006491896,0.0002018008,0.000001597008,0.000004520082,0.00001069372,0.0005408949],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9290812,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7085524,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}