{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":28,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":28,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12","author_layer_release":"2026-06-26"},"query_hash":"238005c84fcf","filters":{"venue":"Earth Sciences History"}},"results":[{"id":"W2043648319","doi":"10.17704/eshi.31.1.t4101011075g8125","title":"Testing Continental Drift: Constructing the First Palaeomagnetic Path of Polar Wander (1954)","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Earth Sciences History","topic":"Geomagnetism and Paleomagnetism Studies","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":43,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Geological Survey of Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Apparent polar wander; Continental drift; Geology; Paleomagnetism; Polar wander; Earth's magnetic field; Geophysics; Fell; Proterozoic; Paleontology; Magnetometer; Geodesy; Magnetic field; Tectonics; Physics","authors":[{"name":"K. M. Creer","is_ca":false},{"name":"E. Irving","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01767664761622756,"gpt":0.2106149337082388,"spread":0.1929382860920112,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005134997,0.0001544934,0.0001521876,0.0000415549,0.0003563937,0.00001162374,0.0002864022,0.00006438507,0.00009505523],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001792701,0.0001145288,0.00007110786,0.0001374188,0.001451126,0.00001398298,0.0001423705,0.00008826226,0.00001380959],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000006465359,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009230415,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001140134,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001258777,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987896,0.000057769,0.0002381176,0.0002571537,0.0002423793,0.0004149798],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993984,0.00006862752,0.0001654308,0.0002330412,0.00006113246,0.00007342859],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001020581,0.00005124377,0.8945786,0.00003456176,0.00001677228,0.000001583579,0.00126707,0.00001076981,0.09623587,0.0002210453,0.004936184,0.002636084],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005056506,0.000774904,0.6981584,0.00003804527,0.00003409772,0.00009648011,0.001387724,0.00004359541,0.004885515,0.00001924605,0.2937013,0.0003549961],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.94586,0.02980495,0.00002902082,0.0001420079,0.0009253161,0.0001466079,0.000008810881,0.00001417443,0.02306916],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9967474,0.00006343025,0.001989508,0.0002288151,0.0002797253,0.000008871999,0.000004384964,0.000008564063,0.0006693015],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2887651,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5346734,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1975618746","doi":"10.17704/eshi.30.1.65j1522lh8471350","title":"Part of the History of the Origin of Transform Faults","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Earth Sciences History","topic":"Seismology and Earthquake Studies","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Presentation (obstetrics); Interpretation (philosophy); Newcastle upon tyne; History; Graduate students; Art history; Geology; Genealogy; Computer science; Sociology; Medicine","authors":[{"name":"A. M. Coode","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0621064599002825,"gpt":0.2165517693370558,"spread":0.1544453094367733,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006033831,0.00008667263,0.0001785094,0.00006452642,0.0001129714,7.673646e-7,0.001494528,0.00004286935,0.00009236916],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004249754,0.00004879936,0.0001415,0.0002707597,0.003224941,0.0001914028,0.0001176628,0.0001035138,0.000004914943],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004669341,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006130366,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003141057,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001898625,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988729,0.00009834681,0.0002746029,0.0002109165,0.0003660419,0.0001771433],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990821,0.00006124171,0.0002576355,0.0005008815,0.0000729926,0.00002509794],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001065974,0.0008983199,0.1737947,0.0003160117,0.0001956425,0.000007499124,0.3177368,0.0002802546,0.005747675,0.3120728,0.1337004,0.05514318],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002716833,0.000273051,0.2777233,0.00007030891,0.0000199901,0.000008027378,0.0002425426,0.0003461099,0.007905097,0.001965106,0.7110077,0.0001671594],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6347353,0.01507452,0.001963858,0.001074997,0.02166602,0.0004789871,0.000006910616,0.00006242395,0.324937],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9914558,0.00003253102,0.001123226,0.0002526353,0.00001708233,0.000003182961,3.233231e-8,0.000002123289,0.007113388],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5773072,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9994877,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2093554760","doi":"10.17704/eshi.23.2.t38705l6uj5475q7","title":"Georges Matheron: Founder of Spatial Statistics","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Earth Sciences History","topic":"Soil Geostatistics and Mapping","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Geological Survey of Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Geologist; Mathematical statistics; Computer science; History; Mathematics; Statistics; Archaeology","authors":[{"name":"Frederik P. Agterberg","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0203826680180451,"gpt":0.218494527847185,"spread":0.1981118598291399,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002501165,0.00007853058,0.00009611718,0.00003462305,0.0001172744,0.000008507795,0.0002034973,0.00002506058,0.002827025],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004050559,0.00007278336,0.00002161722,0.00009351486,0.001081205,0.0001061774,0.0000718045,0.00005335749,0.0003129787],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000112897,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008441258,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003152723,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001417337,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990154,0.00001548289,0.000156583,0.0002150376,0.0003938413,0.0002036722],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996653,0.00003697964,0.00009584131,0.0001291412,0.000008800129,0.00006389445],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008047613,0.001136687,0.2262987,0.0002300817,0.00006636944,0.0001634796,0.02016261,0.09805842,0.04641827,0.3598556,0.06983446,0.1776949],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009403611,0.000648743,0.4708052,0.00005453314,0.00002596988,0.00002034789,0.0003570943,0.003107021,0.001350541,0.03895483,0.4830974,0.0006379719],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.5289584,0.0008448494,0.2910938,0.0003662368,0.002656305,0.0003443391,0.00006176192,0.00009513235,0.1755792],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9374549,0.00002938808,0.06023256,0.00024807,0.00003688985,0.000003327836,0.000002741636,0.000007383836,0.001984764],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.413263,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9980845,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2008556189","doi":"10.17704/eshi.26.1.p71448m3245mt6q5","title":"The Sustainability of Geological Mapmaking: The Case of the Geological Survey of Great Britain","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Earth Sciences History","topic":"History of Science and Natural History","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Geological survey; Government (linguistics); Politics; Quarter (Canadian coin); Relevance (law); Public institution; Public opinion; Sustainability; History; Geography; Political science; Cartography; Archaeology; Law; Geology; Geophysics","authors":[{"name":"Simon Knell","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.06353487056297566,"gpt":0.2617401567987274,"spread":0.1982052862357518,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":["sts"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00784786,0.0001237869,0.0002336723,0.00007957543,0.001355488,0.0000108643,0.001056938,0.00006384626,0.0004898233],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001041298,0.00005330743,0.0001602629,0.0002172194,0.02939094,0.0001528872,0.0001417563,0.0002556081,0.000003764436],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001514833,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004301009,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.007540864,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.04894425,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979675,0.0004217542,0.0004962278,0.0002698329,0.0004932592,0.0003513634],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9973944,0.00119404,0.0004212316,0.0004309485,0.0005075919,0.00005177829],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005053892,0.0005955981,0.1150935,0.0001902929,0.00005157087,0.0002287248,0.1129341,0.0002612293,0.0005920092,0.6848736,0.05552426,0.02914959],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001637874,0.0004690209,0.2265055,0.00001776043,0.00001884716,0.00006733207,0.009165852,0.0001116961,0.0001096246,0.002050777,0.7611338,0.000185882],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9600071,0.005962316,0.000008065932,0.0003933905,0.001177719,0.0002441998,0.000009295986,0.00001348779,0.03218439],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9903671,0.00001433165,0.00002001168,0.0001361868,0.00005582103,0.000002265305,3.55921e-7,0.000002727943,0.009401189],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7056096,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999446,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3016314596","doi":"10.17704/1944-6187-39.1.184","title":"CANADA'S FIRST KNOWN DINOSAURS: PALAEONTOLOGY AND COLLECTING HISTORY OF UPPER CRETACEOUS VERTEBRATES IN SOUTHERN ALBERTA AND SASKATCHEWAN, 1874–1889","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Earth Sciences History","topic":"Paleontology and Evolutionary Biology","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Canadian Museum of Nature; Royal Tyrrell Museum; Carleton University","funders":"","keywords":"Taphonomy; Cretaceous; Paleontology; Fossil Record; Geography; Archaeology; Geology","authors":[{"name":"Brigid E. Christison","is_ca":true},{"name":"Darren H. Tanke","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jordan C. Mallon","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01605329015688294,"gpt":0.1768004248385963,"spread":0.1607471346817133,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002637563,0.0001547243,0.0003113057,0.0001017989,0.0001728517,0.0000044029,0.0002118668,0.0001230578,0.001059593],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001666684,0.0001389497,0.00002527087,0.000156709,0.001604161,0.000131464,0.00002217977,0.0001812095,0.00001445105],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005112346,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001825389,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.7468823,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.994984,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986174,0.000146568,0.0002677445,0.000455062,0.0001503224,0.0003629303],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991513,0.0004374673,0.0001280577,0.00008863651,0.00002349539,0.0001710416],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005955739,0.000006793915,0.984256,0.0000250416,0.000008557331,0.00001853464,0.009212295,0.0001067795,0.00004581287,0.00001883628,0.005083472,0.001158356],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003656779,0.0003260396,0.747625,0.00002002826,0.00001224024,0.00005668771,0.003292657,0.01216822,0.000004159366,0.00004063556,0.2358411,0.0002475735],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9289902,0.0517265,0.000003130097,0.002203926,0.0006884146,0.0001163372,0.00002733706,0.00001459515,0.01622956],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9959911,0.0001045024,0.0001879191,0.001017095,0.00004392636,0.000001315834,0.000008265253,0.000002157789,0.002643699],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2481018,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998536,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2014363081","doi":"10.17704/eshi.24.1.w17736157821482p","title":"Prototaxites Dawson, 1859 or Nematophycus Carruthers, 1872: Geologists V. Botanists in the Formative Period of the Science of Paleobotany","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Earth Sciences History","topic":"Plant Diversity and Evolution","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"","keywords":"Geologist; Paleontology; Stratigraphy; Geology; Devonian; Peninsula; Period (music); Environmental ethics; Archaeology; History; Philosophy; Aesthetics","authors":[{"name":"Debra Lindsay","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03001168394088517,"gpt":0.2077327789717488,"spread":0.1777210950308636,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001205834,0.00009341037,0.0001413749,0.00003139272,0.0005120346,0.00002089092,0.001123239,0.0000442517,0.0001713822],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001394354,0.00002727995,0.00006596179,0.0008796793,0.003096751,0.0004226557,0.0001078879,0.000107705,0.00001000971],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005494,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000139689,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003024134,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003627762,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985616,0.0001182171,0.0002201091,0.0002197281,0.0006080841,0.0002723268],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994588,0.0001182981,0.0002253964,0.00009100727,0.0000715534,0.00003489344],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003565897,0.0008235883,0.2092959,0.000102699,0.00001830814,0.00001838433,0.05638376,0.0007438136,0.6937373,0.01123665,0.005580578,0.02170243],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001955279,0.0004902735,0.9529153,0.00008608743,0.0000086229,0.0000411768,0.005772269,0.0008913262,0.006076538,0.0001571942,0.03316004,0.0002056228],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9940022,0.0005970162,7.116444e-7,0.0008714108,0.0001514721,0.0003419037,0.00001945321,0.00001079072,0.004005013],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994853,0.00002082123,0.0001124253,0.0001130188,0.00003519945,0.000007709742,7.597361e-7,2.276822e-7,0.0002245707],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7436194,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996163,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1985026004","doi":"10.17704/eshi.29.1.v58q7t8676308377","title":"The Natural History Society of New Brunswick Library: Supporting Geological Science","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Earth Sciences History","topic":"History of Science and Natural History","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"","keywords":"Geologist; Amateur; Library science; Natural history; Natural (archaeology); History; Sociology; Environmental ethics; Archaeology; Ecology","authors":[{"name":"Diane N. Buhay","is_ca":true},{"name":"Randall F. Miller","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03347011108969632,"gpt":0.2270983388702122,"spread":0.1936282277805159,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["sts"],"category_scores_codex":[0.001881921,0.0002124354,0.0002371893,0.0002027761,0.002526047,0.00008283857,0.001898583,0.00007358399,0.005094637],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001708642,0.0001406831,0.0002392909,0.0002084145,0.03280929,0.002112947,0.0001821276,0.0007212309,0.0001412715],"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002414721,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.007453306,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009564202,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003273068,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9971042,0.00003827978,0.0004567353,0.0005990476,0.001081525,0.0007202608],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985865,0.00017261,0.0004211167,0.0004131229,0.0001440706,0.0002625597],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001755333,0.00004366864,0.0007674361,0.00001414371,0.000005848916,0.000003026187,0.03874785,0.000002527684,0.01277882,0.2787961,0.6619582,0.006864801],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001101465,0.000109161,0.001711658,0.000009174169,0.000006361342,0.000006293494,0.001115276,0.0002910583,0.000260155,0.000364077,0.9957936,0.0002230043],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.5255688,0.02272893,0.000003973485,0.002486608,0.02832923,0.0003154826,0.000002401041,0.0003170793,0.4202475],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.696141,0.00008966275,0.001731181,0.001785228,0.00101356,0.000002872405,0.000001590099,0.00001455969,0.2992203],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3338355,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9987725,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2798179865","doi":"10.17704/1944-6178-37.1.63","title":"ROLE OF ICHNOLOGY IN THE HISTORY OF PHOTOGRAPHY","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Earth Sciences History","topic":"History of Science and Natural History","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Ichnology; Trace fossil; Art history; Paleontology; Geology; Art; Archaeology; History","authors":[{"name":"S. George Pemberton","is_ca":true},{"name":"Erin A. L. Pemberton","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03215879504903203,"gpt":0.2052361346169475,"spread":0.1730773395679155,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008821252,0.0001037277,0.0001942219,0.0005992138,0.0001802288,0.000003383704,0.0008093145,0.00004794116,0.002605197],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002598981,0.00007478974,0.0000987317,0.0001638301,0.01676746,0.000300541,0.00002685848,0.0001499517,0.00006130703],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001646644,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003945682,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001437191,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.009778441,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986981,0.00008295144,0.0002999039,0.0002507312,0.0004327281,0.0002355717],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999311,0.0000642182,0.0002239286,0.0002608199,0.0001098448,0.0000301589],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005779025,0.0003155606,0.002066,0.00004821305,0.00001168027,0.000004607337,0.6241968,0.000002418656,0.02929931,0.1914473,0.1439584,0.008592015],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009101812,0.000368119,0.001240379,0.00001356381,0.00000635675,0.000001602531,0.004784215,0.00002785284,0.000161351,0.0005055286,0.9927034,0.00009655555],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3749632,0.02620319,7.508694e-7,0.00008554077,0.003493489,0.0001275307,0.000003193542,0.00002560197,0.5950975],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9877105,0.0000267397,0.0001102869,0.0004664491,0.0001546975,0.000005805291,5.077255e-7,0.000004239996,0.01152073],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.848745,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9983066,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2033440933","doi":"10.17704/eshi.29.1.j034662534721751","title":"The Discovery of Fossil Vertebrates on Missouri's Western Frontier","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Earth Sciences History","topic":"Species Distribution and Climate Change","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Archaeology; Frontier; Geology; History","authors":[{"name":"R. Bruce McMillan","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02000801739718359,"gpt":0.22020430363932,"spread":0.2001962862421364,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003402952,0.00008132815,0.00007843342,0.00001836187,0.0003165299,0.00004011786,0.00042286,0.00003511093,0.01080172],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004970504,0.00005199976,0.00005243236,0.0001145664,0.001880948,0.0002477647,0.00007347343,0.0001164001,0.0008128258],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008360305,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002768959,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001395575,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002082469,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990253,0.00002399825,0.0001255542,0.000209085,0.000399385,0.0002166387],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995649,0.00005634862,0.00008518943,0.0002306238,0.000006332588,0.00005657723],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007271161,0.0003523,0.4114532,0.00001097766,0.00001355496,0.000007181022,0.002258243,0.00004388919,0.1593346,0.01119139,0.4044705,0.01079137],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00008734969,0.00007281958,0.2792314,0.00000280392,0.000002245149,0.000001373695,0.0002943617,0.00005132964,0.002752021,0.00005829581,0.7173651,0.00008085839],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8695237,0.000267051,0.00001153527,0.0004613074,0.001360546,0.00006182145,0.000008896762,0.00001643252,0.1282887],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9830253,0.00003269612,0.0000354062,0.0002695522,0.00003527452,0.000005157892,0.000001409718,0.00000378796,0.01659143],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3128946,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999651,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2053626350","doi":"10.17704/eshi.33.1.2457k54466405851","title":"The Iron Creek Meteorite: The Curious History of the Manitou Stone and the Claim for its Repatriation","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Earth Sciences History","topic":"Archaeology and ancient environmental studies","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Repatriation; Meteorite; Archaeology; History; Ancient history; Astrobiology","authors":[{"name":"Howard Plotkin","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01466029904155607,"gpt":0.181229045820334,"spread":0.1665687467787779,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":["sts"],"category_scores_codex":[0.002392786,0.0000934262,0.0001217358,0.00001831965,0.001702966,0.00001060331,0.000516785,0.00003404851,0.0001067386],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002128157,0.00003850035,0.0000821695,0.00007434973,0.006430612,0.000114521,0.0000617406,0.0001295852,0.00001471518],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000236417,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006767865,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000555324,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.007811309,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987201,0.0003177601,0.000188361,0.000223175,0.0003237494,0.0002268236],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984387,0.001083017,0.0002092489,0.0002230718,0.00001658197,0.00002938407],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0009293614,0.00009239733,0.5644293,0.0001336907,0.0001421747,0.000002134569,0.06013314,0.003797665,0.0006057955,0.04289708,0.1276029,0.1992344],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003015042,0.0001347777,0.2933672,0.000005163618,0.00002430215,0.000003615703,0.0004730724,0.004191278,0.00001212757,0.0009986273,0.7004175,0.0000707959],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8179714,0.1385559,0.0002115793,0.008696819,0.007490851,0.001597978,0.0000264955,0.00003666133,0.02541227],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9862286,0.000775008,0.0001006862,0.0008878541,0.0001361944,0.00001153398,0.000001709053,0.000002133532,0.01185621],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5728146,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995967,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2041896351","doi":"10.17704/eshi.25.2.65j958503885525k","title":"Ebenezer Emmons (1799-1863), Founder of American Paleozoic Stratigraphy: Hero of the Taconic Controversy, one of the Most Celebrated Geological Disputes in North America","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Earth Sciences History","topic":"History of Science and Natural History","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Geologist; Geology; Ordovician; Geological survey; Paleozoic; Paleontology; Sedimentary rock; Stratigraphy; Archaeology; History; Tectonics","authors":[{"name":"Gerald M. Friedman","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02109083930079977,"gpt":0.192423569641752,"spread":0.1713327303409522,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002719631,0.0001666658,0.0003875074,0.0001940722,0.0003959835,0.00001018086,0.0008372285,0.00003841967,0.00065694],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004587101,0.00009988842,0.0001963109,0.0006021332,0.01833203,0.0002596665,0.0000573598,0.000230571,0.000004687331],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008918629,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004494218,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.009981964,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.1617814,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998041,0.0001602464,0.0005090096,0.0003179074,0.0006595527,0.0003122966],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986781,0.0001462362,0.000667707,0.0003324427,0.0001318557,0.0000436345],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002737338,0.002546504,0.6922526,0.0002476811,0.0001295416,0.00001071812,0.06617679,0.00468359,0.03942946,0.13586,0.05073002,0.007659329],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004875645,0.00060783,0.7188729,0.00007452797,0.00004121782,0.000001031767,0.002912145,0.0002666173,0.0004547054,0.0005204965,0.2754248,0.000336121],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9627634,0.002705909,0.000002816043,0.0002296101,0.0006865931,0.0002239066,0.00003098909,0.00001487661,0.03334194],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.996491,0.00002612083,0.00007413873,0.0002850797,0.00005844661,0.000006018496,0.000002140844,0.00000506257,0.003052023],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2246948,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9966106,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4366380235","doi":"10.17704/1944-6187-42.1.1","title":"PROMOTING MILITARY GEOLOGY FOR 200 YEARS: SENIOR GEOLOGISTS OF THE BRITISH ARMY 1826 TO 2026","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Earth Sciences History","topic":"Archaeological Research and Protection","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Welsh; Promotion (chess); Spanish Civil War; World War II; Palestine; Ancient history; History; Archaeology; Law; Political science; Politics","authors":[{"name":"Edward Rose","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03966828977309001,"gpt":0.2546448711555478,"spread":0.2149765813824578,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001598095,0.00007868576,0.0001419063,0.0001067027,0.0005363952,0.00001397641,0.000528614,0.00006667971,0.001393208],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001285513,0.00006105041,0.00008487657,0.0006050112,0.001275317,0.0001239619,0.00008109376,0.0001531346,0.0002940621],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000009076918,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001957044,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.008445634,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02414853,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983683,0.0001709684,0.0001979894,0.0003611966,0.0003792099,0.0005224004],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991727,0.0004165652,0.00005692512,0.000155887,0.0000573713,0.0001404909],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001400566,0.00002571987,0.5695911,0.0001202267,0.00001983087,0.00005255787,0.003620625,0.007482518,0.0008418144,0.00008855845,0.08299951,0.3350174],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001230578,0.0006749521,0.8148651,0.00002449947,0.000002437302,0.00001548352,0.0001244165,0.006357966,0.00006839585,0.002629316,0.1749995,0.0001149406],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9925649,0.00162845,0.0001939432,0.001676389,0.0008512078,0.0006772972,0.0000399117,0.00006301817,0.002304926],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9883133,0.00009362159,0.002829191,0.0005762597,0.0001445297,0.00001786687,0.00001346994,0.000002709551,0.008009032],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3349025,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995196,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2084139859","doi":"10.17704/eshi.32.2.n450m52t2964730k","title":"Red Deer River shakedown: a history of the Captain Marshall field paleontological expedition to Alberta, 1922, and its aftermath","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Earth Sciences History","topic":"Paleontology and Evolutionary Biology","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Paleontology; George (robot); Archaeology; Cretaceous; Geology; Vertebrate paleontology; Geography; Art; Art history","authors":[{"name":"Paul D. Brinkman","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02015005864563964,"gpt":0.1883911975411106,"spread":0.1682411388954709,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002962416,0.0001272514,0.0001757999,0.0000898159,0.0001541419,0.000005262975,0.000368207,0.0001461775,0.006590201],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001718026,0.00008496638,0.00005667378,0.00009767758,0.0009285749,0.000332483,0.00002943388,0.0001492122,0.0002548548],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002530359,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001666853,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0035818,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02102327,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987211,0.0001900799,0.0002143309,0.0003506435,0.0002123708,0.0003114628],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999273,0.0002751808,0.0001061379,0.0001611645,0.00004606484,0.0001384706],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006590931,0.00003727585,0.9139238,0.00002447678,0.00001267793,0.000009155225,0.003574354,0.0001041441,0.0006022422,0.0004043737,0.07616819,0.005073377],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001017295,0.0002199803,0.8938419,0.00001096768,0.000007189681,0.00003156229,0.00006306943,0.001700053,0.000009195527,0.0002179381,0.1036763,0.0001201729],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9084586,0.009436921,0.00001867135,0.002265531,0.002502823,0.0002902469,0.000008971876,0.00002136455,0.07699686],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9908404,0.00004632802,0.0004393577,0.002076004,0.00009132042,0.000008970599,0.000004751568,0.000001164507,0.006491643],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.08238185,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9968405,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2035023245","doi":"10.17704/eshi.24.1.e6j21052q8245023","title":"Henry A. Ward and the Recovery of the Santa Rosa, Colombia, Meteorite","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Earth Sciences History","topic":"Environmental and Cultural Studies in Latin America and Beyond","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Meteorite; Confusion; Battle; History; Astrobiology; Archaeology; Physics","authors":[{"name":"Howard Plotkin","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.007875081073033165,"gpt":0.1856367562526847,"spread":0.1777616751796515,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003699246,0.00008797734,0.0001224542,0.000006503278,0.0004569017,0.000008234316,0.0003361976,0.00002219742,0.001670164],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002357786,0.00004111338,0.00007278829,0.0001306274,0.006374868,0.0001693959,0.0003174173,0.00008893225,0.00008613008],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006770305,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007298649,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002063962,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000208932,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990575,0.00007416776,0.0001496562,0.0002109379,0.0003427294,0.0001650248],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996296,0.00007667337,0.0001062722,0.0001511002,0.000001828214,0.00003450022],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002353108,0.0003549196,0.2268978,0.00003109441,0.00008595864,0.000002945679,0.01739021,0.002965333,0.05477464,0.00252313,0.2422643,0.4524743],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003498146,0.0001025803,0.1777347,0.000009059811,0.00001877227,0.000007629222,0.0004630616,0.0001862555,0.0007846759,0.0002111421,0.819997,0.0001353065],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8617624,0.004427762,0.000005599185,0.001255752,0.0004237653,0.0001658436,0.000003614214,0.000009779656,0.1319455],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9846178,0.0006080996,0.0007337073,0.001545345,0.00004588981,0.00000749756,2.501719e-7,0.000002802863,0.01243859],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5777326,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9992424,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1976789625","doi":"10.17704/eshi.25.1.b27876j712264k15","title":"Pehr Kalm: A Swedish Naturalist's Geological Observations in North America, 1748-1751","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Earth Sciences History","topic":"Archaeology and Natural History","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Naturalism; Subject (documents); History; Art history; Classics; Environmental ethics; Archaeology; Philosophy; Library science; Epistemology; Computer science","authors":[{"name":"Daniel F. Merriam","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03980989126930361,"gpt":0.2643478771025963,"spread":0.2245379858332927,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007869751,0.0001455614,0.0002142662,0.0002601441,0.001151325,0.000004762878,0.0006519424,0.0001405319,0.001250367],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003044083,0.0001353636,0.00008988417,0.0009732788,0.00737479,0.0005527557,0.00008208818,0.000422288,0.0002248997],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003810406,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006779177,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01335912,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.1964455,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9977255,0.0003374698,0.0002912611,0.0004954324,0.0005589899,0.0005913659],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992245,0.0002559087,0.0001457653,0.0001760062,0.00007941771,0.000118356],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003933984,0.0002316857,0.7311724,0.00001103753,0.000005654306,0.0001493548,0.02018713,0.0006633709,0.00009930378,0.04245542,0.2003145,0.00467081],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009158113,0.00003218937,0.3406492,0.000003231113,0.000003211685,0.000001550511,0.0003152172,0.00008171897,7.970531e-7,0.001463437,0.6572109,0.0001469478],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8282391,0.01552252,0.00003322038,0.003728752,0.0022445,0.0002953497,0.000007796523,0.0002019144,0.1497269],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9658325,0.0002763717,0.003098372,0.001534842,0.0003542028,0.00002180948,0.00001985367,0.000005705914,0.02885638],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4568965,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996626,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2052075586","doi":"10.17704/eshi.29.2.v127861p14765163","title":"Madame Curie, Baron de Rothschild, Professor Lacroix and the Madagascar experiment","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Earth Sciences History","topic":"Twentieth Century Scientific Developments","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Rothschild; Marie curie; Curie; Refinery; Fell; Commodity; Radium; Economic history; History; Engineering; Business; Archaeology; Geography; Waste management; Chemistry; Curie temperature; Radiochemistry; Physics; Cartography; European union; International trade","authors":[{"name":"Donald D. Hogarth","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01832724547172862,"gpt":0.213952292247527,"spread":0.1956250467757984,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00148569,0.0001360243,0.0001328033,0.00009056962,0.001014717,0.0002039764,0.0004346857,0.00003466979,0.003087108],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004581127,0.00008923538,0.00004918204,0.00004637614,0.004039219,0.0003769434,0.0001117516,0.0002402005,0.0001368858],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003649035,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002593657,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002453231,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001986865,"domain_scores_codex":[0.99853,0.00007187937,0.0001960406,0.0003622504,0.0004595125,0.0003802696],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994333,0.00005584336,0.0001031908,0.0002509842,0.00004649255,0.0001101638],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007396373,0.000145223,0.002852156,0.00003193975,0.00003366895,0.000009095594,0.2825253,0.000003013531,0.003483273,0.2804846,0.4260599,0.004297829],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004160634,0.00002154861,0.003220697,0.0000099393,0.000005950885,0.000004800092,0.002301908,0.00005787516,0.0001719771,0.0005140973,0.9931311,0.0001440335],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7969201,0.002267211,0.000009717901,0.002004311,0.03978398,0.0005638231,0.000009388238,0.0001069253,0.1583345],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6480394,0.00002146798,0.001115054,0.001104128,0.0003566921,0.00004861945,0.000002453186,0.00001266155,0.3492995],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5670713,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9986712,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4366382419","doi":"10.17704/1944-6187-42.1.160","title":"HIDDEN IN PLAIN SIGHT: OVERLOOKED EVIDENCE CONCERNING JAMES CROLL (1821–1890)","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Earth Sciences History","topic":"History of Science and Natural History","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Sight; Biography; Appalachian Region; History; Art history; Geography","authors":[{"name":"Kevin J. Edwards","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1097051206924523,"gpt":0.2592614519194058,"spread":0.1495563312269535,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.001538725,0.0002269313,0.0002941295,0.0008281374,0.001096177,0.0000856087,0.0008194687,0.00007351096,0.003775057],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000214036,0.0002036469,0.0001174256,0.000405938,0.004072662,0.001710455,0.00008959003,0.0003357192,0.002226765],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004532169,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005606304,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001160431,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004904545,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9973201,0.0001228149,0.000386081,0.0006675486,0.0008603956,0.0006430864],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990262,0.0003122345,0.0001789328,0.0002590533,0.0000737513,0.0001498494],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007533966,0.00007924052,0.003442889,0.00008040175,0.00001210259,0.0002538986,0.3009729,0.0002353049,0.003295321,0.03644178,0.6430488,0.01206206],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001930563,0.0001551257,0.002969105,0.0001546738,0.000005299552,0.00000239739,0.004266639,0.0005050728,0.00004845239,0.0002354634,0.9911292,0.0003354708],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7632527,0.0250336,0.000001422059,0.001305959,0.007569433,0.000350844,0.00001022003,0.0005260311,0.2019498],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8238143,0.0002927467,0.0000970432,0.001288499,0.0004977696,0.00002429533,0.000002925236,0.00001733788,0.1739651],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3480805,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9986377,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3154810904","doi":"10.17704/1944-6187-40.1.130","title":"CANADIAN LINKS WITH BRITISH MILITARY GEOLOGY 1814 TO 1945","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Earth Sciences History","topic":"History of Science and Natural History","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Geologist; Geological survey; Infantry; Welsh; World War II; History; Archaeology; Geology; Paleontology","authors":[{"name":"Edward Rose","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01929839551131565,"gpt":0.1838063619530653,"spread":0.1645079664417496,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.000329476,0.0001414436,0.0002012724,0.0003068762,0.001398721,0.00004446111,0.0004324847,0.00008443125,0.01585635],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004113301,0.0001440235,0.00006449789,0.0001678099,0.002517218,0.00046619,0.00003470478,0.0003170096,0.000940504],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000499072,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00252895,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.258892,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9788619,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982114,0.00005346568,0.0001824241,0.0005750535,0.0004105685,0.0005670175],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990349,0.00002963093,0.00003706486,0.0002328179,0.0001943773,0.0004711893],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000128066,0.00005418586,0.0009677158,0.00002007947,0.00001254712,0.0008218648,0.04377065,0.00008985304,0.0002210249,0.01015818,0.9351311,0.008740018],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00008872847,0.0001879275,0.001550532,0.0000272033,0.000005488125,0.00006164984,0.001244507,0.00002055374,0.000009344881,0.00004979962,0.9964982,0.0002560406],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.2494815,0.02372593,0.000006292134,0.003183928,0.005671989,0.0001792133,0.00002449158,0.0001174399,0.7176092],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.3979033,0.00007057982,0.001463088,0.0185314,0.0006950676,0.00001699237,0.00001334465,0.00001855069,0.5812877],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7199699,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999013,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1981821967","doi":"10.17704/eshi.30.2.r02766827l236742","title":"V. Ben Meen and the Riddle of Chubb Crater","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Earth Sciences History","topic":"Planetary Science and Exploration","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Royal Ontario Museum; Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Impact crater; Geology; Meteorite; Diatreme; Volcano; Lunar craters; Structural basin; Paleontology; Astrobiology; Geochemistry; Archaeology; Kimberlite; Geography; Mantle (geology)","authors":[{"name":"Howard Plotkin","is_ca":true},{"name":"K. T. Tait","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04051872610447467,"gpt":0.1854682972399198,"spread":0.1449495711354451,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003288695,0.00003828696,0.00006170577,0.00002757092,0.0001054838,0.000006813701,0.0001384043,0.000006694347,0.0003976745],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000001822776,0.00002276472,0.00001787695,0.00006091325,0.0007851287,0.0002906527,0.00001681683,0.00002985136,0.00006044899],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000001893136,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004612011,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005296541,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003627706,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999602,0.00002336423,0.00007614083,0.0001040706,0.0001078581,0.00008663105],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998193,0.00001606761,0.00005049435,0.00007878573,0.00001178219,0.00002353546],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001410483,0.0001800249,0.5430307,0.00002011707,0.00005623267,0.000002567317,0.09525111,0.0002129282,0.004909523,0.3168939,0.0210895,0.01821236],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0026793,0.0007160941,0.5492579,0.00005463328,0.00008100942,0.000004965924,0.008619903,0.01175667,0.009335008,0.05531627,0.361335,0.000843233],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8217862,0.0004056719,0.0002436319,0.0001172793,0.0003005716,0.00009085229,0.000004435481,0.000007813192,0.1770436],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998626,0.000003002637,0.0003218336,0.0000783557,0.00003697147,0.000002086174,0.00000278643,8.659929e-7,0.00092811],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3402455,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4354256,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2011143379","doi":"10.17704/eshi.20.2.97jm433t7020456r","title":"Boris V. Timofeyev (1916-1982): Pioneer of Precambrian and Early Paleozoic Palynology","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Earth Sciences History","topic":"Microbial Community Ecology and Physiology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"Precambrian; Acritarch; Paleozoic; Devonian; Paleontology; Palynology; Geology; Biology; Ecology; Pollen","authors":[{"name":"Tadas Jankauskas","is_ca":false},{"name":"William A. S. Sarjeant","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01676822602998709,"gpt":0.2084345714440983,"spread":0.1916663454141112,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004516398,0.0001046783,0.0001845805,0.00007422366,0.0002480515,0.000004275042,0.0003631696,0.0001115391,0.007106927],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000395143,0.00009808514,0.00003867192,0.0001992602,0.002626522,0.0001818141,0.0001838186,0.0001821399,0.0002703812],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003884851,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003649362,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001361064,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004152091,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998952,0.0001869321,0.0001884836,0.0002745645,0.0001184822,0.0002795763],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994661,0.0001034216,0.0001099032,0.0002360048,0.000008298723,0.00007632573],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007156005,0.0001761015,0.8826661,0.00001352022,0.00001638699,0.00001280107,0.004170435,0.0002083322,0.07757155,0.0008153153,0.02389412,0.01038377],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001644842,0.0004691038,0.6937007,0.000004807203,0.000006822602,0.00001774969,0.00004598843,0.00005703315,0.0001848141,0.0003345525,0.304889,0.0001249745],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9438944,0.0006303043,0.00001963009,0.000126745,0.0003736788,0.00009204513,0.000001868927,0.00002130363,0.05484005],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9954075,0.0001617066,0.0005822985,0.0002969702,0.00002522695,0.000003911126,0.000001840791,0.000004265447,0.003516308],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2809949,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9938007,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2088639158","doi":"10.17704/eshi.31.2.w1ltq51n15241003","title":"The Controversial History of the Goose Lake, California, Meteorite","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Earth Sciences History","topic":"Archaeology and ancient environmental studies","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Meteorite; Archaeology; Geography; Astrobiology; Biology","authors":[{"name":"Howard Plotkin","is_ca":true},{"name":"Roy S. Clarke","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01669293762901929,"gpt":0.1715491677456564,"spread":0.1548562301166371,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008741168,0.00009367321,0.0001114701,0.0000249247,0.0006201139,0.000002493165,0.0004299957,0.00003438892,0.001746015],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006916185,0.00004884516,0.00008970028,0.00007952443,0.005058718,0.0001851144,0.00005643607,0.000125205,0.0002390149],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003450275,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001088305,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002767725,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004189333,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988275,0.0001324536,0.0001552616,0.000148237,0.00036266,0.0003738872],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993809,0.0002415964,0.0001310993,0.0001604707,0.000008440699,0.00007751508],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001910681,0.00001554488,0.9687523,0.000003390248,0.00001171188,5.694869e-7,0.001646966,0.00008674103,0.00006832786,0.0006692637,0.02312956,0.005596563],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00005764324,0.00002945708,0.4000436,0.00000200012,0.000006286211,0.000002032393,0.0001141936,0.0000674749,0.00001329037,0.00004026872,0.5995777,0.00004603875],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.5861703,0.1338809,0.00003690802,0.001061266,0.01483503,0.0003408987,0.00009176019,0.0000393618,0.2635436],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9805015,0.0002161153,0.0001103243,0.0005973019,0.0001413022,0.000001061969,0.000002047773,0.000001401145,0.01842891],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5764481,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9991665,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4390570429","doi":"10.17704/1944-6187-42.2.291","title":"MILITARY GEOLOGY: AN AMERICAN TERM OF WORLD WAR I RE-DEFINED FOR THE BRITISH ARMY AT THE END OF WORLD WAR II","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Earth Sciences History","topic":"Archaeological Research and Protection","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Welsh; Memorandum; World War II; History; German; Spanish Civil War; Military history; Classics; Economic history; Ancient history; Archaeology","authors":[{"name":"Edward Rose","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04239265548076898,"gpt":0.2586269508756758,"spread":0.2162342953949068,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["sts"],"category_scores_codex":[0.002093205,0.0001034732,0.0002081663,0.0001840367,0.001484881,0.00000643634,0.0007218987,0.0000359395,0.002837699],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003632509,0.00006484635,0.0001096527,0.001043175,0.007483536,0.0001735804,0.0001022812,0.0002419426,0.00004555887],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001263352,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000194717,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0295478,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.4722229,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9980929,0.0002388642,0.0002685295,0.0003680587,0.0005422263,0.0004893903],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980786,0.001312484,0.0001400659,0.0002851592,0.00005637308,0.0001272759],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005191381,0.00004333552,0.252966,0.0000660637,0.00004186525,0.00001884222,0.00375879,0.004613647,0.0007195331,0.0001375286,0.03973841,0.6973768],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001678108,0.001501924,0.7954157,0.00001760763,0.000009056455,0.000005816614,0.0005782499,0.006004053,0.0001547383,0.002280622,0.1937296,0.0001348386],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9784432,0.01022054,0.00006442543,0.003075032,0.0005648884,0.0006239608,0.00009246408,0.0000622337,0.006853233],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.986267,0.0007920934,0.000837032,0.0004077822,0.0001035693,0.00001624443,0.00003276245,0.000003244206,0.01154029],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.697242,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999815,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2008318330","doi":"10.17704/eshi.24.2.w220364922xw6906","title":"Stratigraphic Stand-Off at the 49th Parallel","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Earth Sciences History","topic":"Geochemistry and Geologic Mapping","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Geology; Stratigraphy; Stratum; State (computer science); Paleontology; German; Terrane; Structural basin; Archaeology; Subject (documents); History; Library science; Tectonics","authors":[{"name":"John Fuller","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02686584097908241,"gpt":0.2154775608405744,"spread":0.188611719861492,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007785487,0.0001128054,0.00009311634,0.00004852705,0.0005945041,0.00005813937,0.001261385,0.00004217268,0.0006823775],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000419126,0.00007543821,0.00006318286,0.0002934907,0.0007555805,0.0003831769,0.0001829569,0.0001337935,0.0001945547],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004742858,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002403106,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001414414,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001891722,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986252,0.00006084914,0.0001604964,0.0004127429,0.0004033854,0.0003373341],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992365,0.00007744844,0.00009341631,0.0004668879,0.00004216207,0.00008361182],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002089138,0.0002303447,0.006645767,0.00005322833,0.00003715724,0.00005862296,0.01151178,0.04486398,0.00608095,0.1588067,0.6678444,0.1038463],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00008676734,0.00004267986,0.002782631,0.00000622307,0.000001468174,0.00001909631,0.00003753965,0.01405202,0.0002515737,0.0008608245,0.9817326,0.0001265819],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.05480526,0.02809981,0.01904623,0.03131751,0.001213175,0.000290628,0.000002044804,0.0003698964,0.8648555],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8739734,0.0001620868,0.01573398,0.002121315,0.0002242799,0.00001668414,9.054553e-7,0.000002117935,0.1077652],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8191682,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7471555,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2080298084","doi":"10.17704/eshi.30.2.q766027r217j2742","title":"The Mesozoic/Defining Disciplines: Late Nineteenth-Century Debates Over the Jurassic-Cretaceous Boundary","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Earth Sciences History","topic":"Species Distribution and Climate Change","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"","keywords":"Mesozoic; Cretaceous; Marsh; Paleontology; Geology; Honeymoon; Reputation; Archaeology; History; Law; Ecology; Structural basin; Biology","authors":[{"name":"Debra Lindsay","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03148810180783298,"gpt":0.2278093200334871,"spread":0.1963212182256542,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["sts","insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.000757082,0.0001784275,0.0001170993,0.00002587428,0.001769173,0.0001013351,0.0008595444,0.00004763311,0.03630948],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006136186,0.00009622854,0.0001001768,0.0003052371,0.003630892,0.0003299399,0.0003258939,0.0001806908,0.002142302],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002996078,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005938435,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002367897,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001316295,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981691,0.00008660912,0.0002333279,0.000386837,0.0006020318,0.0005221142],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992191,0.0001271342,0.0001539246,0.0003733034,0.00001118191,0.0001153589],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000157203,0.000425492,0.3147203,0.00002302148,0.00007839833,0.00006459647,0.03568218,0.0001831455,0.00306325,0.02794778,0.5861415,0.03151319],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009220649,0.00004875223,0.2585181,0.000004158622,0.000008705267,0.000004996365,0.00135278,0.0002313828,0.00005335231,0.0001430359,0.7394024,0.0001401195],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6825177,0.009825775,0.00001913421,0.0007950505,0.002168455,0.0002218499,0.00001985313,0.0001166061,0.3043156],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9883948,0.001134852,0.00008817837,0.001250614,0.00007365575,0.00003737347,0.00001063079,0.00001719318,0.00899268],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3058771,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995304,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7115564058","doi":"10.17704/1944-6187-44.2.353","title":"THE MAN BEHIND THE SCIENCE: ERIK STENSIÖ, SWEDEN’S 20th CENTURY DOYEN OF THE STOCKHOLM SCHOOL","year":2025,"lang":"","type":"article","venue":"Earth Sciences History","topic":"Paleontology and Evolutionary Biology","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Devonian; Tetrapod (structure); Subject (documents); Head (geology); Natural (archaeology)","authors":[],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01602450173288616,"gpt":0.2243655317532399,"spread":0.2083410300203537,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["sts"],"category_scores_codex":[0.006220265,0.0003876577,0.0004029152,0.0003069872,0.009769521,0.0001489777,0.005279877,0.0002616956,0.001704338],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008529523,0.0001843829,0.0002776933,0.001633315,0.04339331,0.0006771531,0.0003618282,0.0009959732,0.000275597],"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001109537,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0067144,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001648902,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01527508,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9945031,0.001021677,0.0007892792,0.001035477,0.001285379,0.001365079],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.996547,0.00108099,0.0005852346,0.001253664,0.0002815042,0.0002515425],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002943246,0.00011311,0.8966872,0.00005006009,0.0001214866,0.000009573588,0.003471847,0.002145932,0.0009110039,0.009873709,0.06657621,0.01974559],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001658002,0.0001799296,0.6396793,0.00004774265,0.00004488144,0.00002417381,0.001440811,0.001507868,0.00003628389,0.0004856375,0.3562216,0.0001660179],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6182529,0.1627907,0.00001006894,0.01463854,0.02933597,0.001157604,0.00008702157,0.00004113493,0.173686],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9742099,0.002151783,0.00007463269,0.002127584,0.0002436665,0.000008436677,0.000003380173,0.000003275761,0.02117734],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3559569,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9992082,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2987394084","doi":"10.17704/1944-6178-38.2.403","title":"TO EXPLORE THE UNEXPLORED—A GEOLOGIST'S PATH A MEMOIR OF JOVAN STÖCKLIN (1921–2008)","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Earth Sciences History","topic":"Diverse Historical and Scientific Studies","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"Geologist; Memoir; German; History; Geology; Archaeology; Classics; Art history","authors":[{"name":"Jamal Ghavi","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1418870089896012,"gpt":0.2311767540703325,"spread":0.08928974508073129,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006075476,0.0001374193,0.0002296188,0.0001476677,0.0005748746,0.00004447875,0.0006134229,0.00002328805,0.003882268],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006713696,0.00008238223,0.000112812,0.0001541966,0.001840538,0.0002220266,0.0001500432,0.00009815428,0.001374854],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006698743,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000112302,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003861584,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005256122,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984227,0.00005445832,0.0002468749,0.0003799634,0.0005893559,0.0003066087],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992754,0.00008195948,0.0001203871,0.0003090259,0.0001333766,0.00007986747],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000353289,0.0001430882,0.00195574,0.00003515785,0.0000282432,0.000006166518,0.3283986,0.0001663406,0.0002925052,0.1348249,0.5313364,0.002777488],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001016249,0.0001989436,0.0008960784,0.00001727354,0.000008120066,4.221895e-7,0.02820135,0.00004308747,0.00001852609,0.0003348966,0.970045,0.0001347224],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4480691,0.003518904,0.0000125754,0.001688864,0.01291022,0.0004181346,0.0000196345,0.00009683047,0.5332657],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8330781,0.00003196243,0.000138724,0.0007360549,0.0002174284,0.00001840388,0.000001472025,0.000006497783,0.1657713],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4387086,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9994027,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4404524451","doi":"10.17704/1944-6187-43.2.404","title":"SCARS ON THE SHIELD: CARLYLE BEALS, PETER MILLMAN, AND THE BEGINNING OF THE CANADIAN METEORITE CRATER PROGRAM, 1950–1960","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Earth Sciences History","topic":"History and Developments in Astronomy","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Meteorite; Impact crater; Geology; Shield; Scars; Astrobiology; Paleontology; Medicine; Physics; Pathology","authors":[{"name":"Howard Plotkin","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0159721741427521,"gpt":0.2221627533364586,"spread":0.2061905791937065,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007849853,0.0001246669,0.0001189736,0.0000848685,0.0007286371,0.0000958741,0.0004045412,0.00002401045,0.0003447736],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000006120035,0.00005974604,0.0000915659,0.0002004219,0.00182646,0.0001237662,0.00005309765,0.0002427774,0.00002846603],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007367719,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007286443,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01084751,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005668945,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989462,0.0001134031,0.0001616934,0.0002537468,0.0002589757,0.000265989],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995058,0.0001012144,0.00005889067,0.0002388289,0.00002312854,0.00007214653],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005566411,0.0001207883,0.05527937,0.00008485172,0.0004006597,0.00001183773,0.09050777,0.0003676411,0.0002616275,0.4051347,0.09586668,0.3519084],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001073264,0.00002937997,0.005218132,0.00005062518,0.00001700525,9.943623e-7,0.0004208179,0.0001396951,0.00008680181,0.000238363,0.9935886,0.0001022987],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6094266,0.003209811,0.00008672278,0.003321785,0.004230196,0.00102254,0.00002977985,0.00005131044,0.3786213],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9898276,0.000001285074,0.0005162833,0.0003284802,0.0001169648,0.0000515111,0.000001317366,0.000007139894,0.009149465],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8977219,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9957393,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4366378553","doi":"10.17704/1944-6187-42.1.41","title":"THE RUSH STARTED HERE, PART III: ‘THE STREETS ARE PAVED WITH GOLD’—SPECULATION, GREED, AND DISAPPOINTMENT, 1849–2010","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Earth Sciences History","topic":"Historical and Cultural Archaeology Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Gold rush; Great Depression; Gold mining; Speculation; Economic history; Spanish Civil War; History; Archaeology; Business; Finance","authors":[{"name":"Elizabeth Hines","is_ca":false},{"name":"Michael J. Smith","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04674138925931708,"gpt":0.2525487209348143,"spread":0.2058073316754973,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":["sts"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009510079,0.0001290073,0.0001439494,0.0000392614,0.004259216,0.00004520919,0.0003840155,0.00004557101,0.00008718434],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001302975,0.0000629713,0.00004373974,0.0006459294,0.007886999,0.0001973515,0.0001006197,0.0001449824,0.00009255523],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009848082,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001602665,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001600001,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.07115518,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982263,0.0002067921,0.0001736197,0.0003365604,0.0006009847,0.0004557387],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992032,0.0002733249,0.0001403563,0.0001641182,0.0000968152,0.0001222066],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001112342,0.0001000787,0.1909644,0.00001996413,0.0001503683,0.00005532685,0.1736271,0.00009772174,0.0001419082,0.1224921,0.4902082,0.02203154],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001422891,0.00007474922,0.07720757,0.000010168,0.00001091804,9.66397e-7,0.01585936,0.00003991862,0.000001556185,0.0007804066,0.9057536,0.0001184962],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8746645,0.007588894,0.00001032037,0.03888083,0.003551379,0.0008122365,0.00001173251,0.0004035228,0.07407653],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7548469,0.001288286,0.00007834723,0.0006998947,0.0004374732,0.00007653596,0.000004022676,0.000009159722,0.2425594],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4155454,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9970371,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}