{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":165,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":165,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12"},"query_hash":"bba98e793d86","filters":{"venue":"Ecological Engineering"}},"results":[{"id":"W2072061089","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2012.06.029","title":"Performance assessment of innovative constructed wetland-microbial fuel cell for electricity production and dye removal","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecological Engineering","topic":"Microbial Fuel Cells and Bioremediation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":436,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, India; Department of Science and Technology, Ministry of Science and Technology, India","keywords":"Microbial fuel cell; Wastewater; Pulp and paper industry; Anaerobic exercise; Sewage treatment; Wetland; Methylene blue; Constructed wetland; Environmental science; Electricity generation; Environmental engineering; Chemistry; Waste management; Environmental chemistry; Catalysis; Ecology; Organic chemistry; Engineering; Physics; Biology; Power (physics)","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.006897612990217283,"gpt":0.2003583890378352,"spread":0.1934607760476179,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002395709,0.00008039378,0.0001093937,0.00002352124,0.00003699163,0.000005318434,0.00004343535,0.00006367605,0.0001425843],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006454935,0.00006537958,0.0000158658,0.0001995453,0.0000412413,0.0001183829,0.00004444726,0.00008290562,0.000002784074],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008583982,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000005972761,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000003531767,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001759088,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994431,0.000009433609,0.0001525742,0.0001300091,0.00006629436,0.0001985628],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998029,0.00003153795,0.00006588003,0.00004604591,0.00001644482,0.00003712485],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001087583,0.00007234669,0.09860239,0.00008337142,0.000003645184,1.447734e-7,0.00004192963,0.00167187,0.8987085,0.00003705582,0.0001416235,0.0006262847],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000322622,0.0002077919,0.8257435,0.000007776106,0.000009186004,0.00001333415,0.00001093372,0.01807674,0.1538476,0.000006296792,0.001582781,0.0001714422],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9976878,0.00001796526,0.0008866377,0.00002252725,0.0002267735,0.0002665573,0.000004318414,0.00002102075,0.0008664346],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9873921,0.00004028588,0.01240561,0.00001393151,0.00009085608,0.000009599239,0.000009398354,0.000004535704,0.00003366766],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7448609,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2666102,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2013108331","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2013.10.027","title":"Biochar had effects on phosphorus sorption and desorption in three soils with differing acidity","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecological Engineering","topic":"Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":404,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Biochar; Sorption; Soil water; Chemistry; Desorption; Environmental chemistry; Phosphorus; Soil pH; Fractionation; Adsorption; Soil science; Environmental science; Pyrolysis; Organic chemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.006694574505542132,"gpt":0.1632045708136926,"spread":0.1565099963081504,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009110478,0.0001455978,0.0001565049,0.00001734283,0.00004676066,0.00004683117,0.00007095307,0.0001184921,0.00005871146],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005434134,0.00005648428,0.00003006619,0.000156483,0.0000185658,0.00008341803,0.00003851618,0.0001661004,0.00002996803],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004944766,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000001344789,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001204157,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002492229,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992839,0.00001719139,0.0001082007,0.0002293999,0.00009990952,0.0002614135],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996361,0.0002038744,0.00002544266,0.00003447068,0.00001353177,0.00008657415],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006252919,0.0001802578,0.1660353,0.00003454187,0.00001803204,0.00003010924,0.00003376499,0.002961407,0.7475872,0.0007669937,0.000008065381,0.08228184],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001815564,0.0004427599,0.9505153,0.00002781171,0.000003215568,0.00000483967,0.000009173826,0.04033481,0.008088558,0.0002274174,0.00001006542,0.0001545124],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9992502,0.00007297222,0.00004519431,0.0001448585,0.00006643061,0.0002650827,0.000001244821,0.0001141005,0.00003995022],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999601,0.00003092781,0.0001196376,0.00008234028,0.00006820751,0.00008343175,0.000006422033,0.000001535072,0.00000646319],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.78448,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2303362,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2033412676","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2015.04.022","title":"Impacts of climate change and human activities on vegetation cover in hilly southern China","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecological Engineering","topic":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":292,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Algoma University","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China; Consortium of International Agricultural Research Centers; Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Key Technologies Research and Development Program; National Natural Science Foundation of China; National Aeronautics and Space Administration","keywords":"Normalized Difference Vegetation Index; Vegetation (pathology); Afforestation; Environmental science; Climate change; Physical geography; Moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer; Restoration ecology; Precipitation; Land cover; Ecology; Geography; Land use; Agroforestry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01443363618202216,"gpt":0.2072541060625243,"spread":0.1928204698805021,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001196863,0.00007304471,0.00009774089,0.00001953543,0.00001447317,0.000008090585,0.00003788061,0.00005981053,0.0000258638],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005045546,0.00005147404,0.00001279498,0.0000752734,0.00002590632,0.00008009627,0.00004917967,0.00008933659,0.00002469985],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006935657,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":7.773833e-7,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007788286,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007807544,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995622,0.00001391975,0.00008205958,0.0001047148,0.00009905392,0.0001380288],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998448,0.00002506011,0.00003047945,0.0000484468,0.000001462459,0.00004973855],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005590603,0.0003688498,0.3596462,0.0001115172,0.00001558103,0.00006776498,0.01290761,0.4954442,0.1219261,0.0009179359,0.0001230386,0.008415247],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001765523,0.0001387714,0.9924625,0.00002627836,0.000001608197,0.000002851952,0.00004949706,0.006478677,0.0004955929,0.00003972808,0.0000540461,0.00007392516],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9963065,0.00001206624,0.0000101899,0.00004205529,0.00004276475,0.00009084004,0.000001197134,0.00002523692,0.003469184],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996626,0.000006825721,0.0002630291,0.00002554455,0.00002363657,0.000001375542,0.0000014494,0.000004683763,0.00001082075],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6328163,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2099051,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1984504367","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2008.12.026","title":"Treatment of domestic wastewater and production of commercial flowers in vertical and horizontal subsurface-flow constructed wetlands","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecological Engineering","topic":"Constructed Wetlands for Wastewater Treatment","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":272,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Toronto Public Health","funders":"Universidad de Guadalajara","keywords":"Wetland; Ornamental plant; Constructed wetland; Wastewater; Subsurface flow; Environmental science; Macrophyte; Pollutant; Sewage treatment; Environmental engineering; Phragmites; Horticulture; Biology; Ecology; Engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.005457803026401895,"gpt":0.1957023707675412,"spread":0.1902445677411393,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00004558973,0.0001416072,0.0002712376,0.00004816716,0.00001959896,0.000005666647,0.00003800383,0.00007255947,0.00008058224],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003236327,0.0001043708,0.00002699985,0.0001134972,0.0001430726,0.0000622208,0.00003454164,0.00005296985,0.0000014505],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001153148,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004205152,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003540558,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004644229,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992385,0.0000178458,0.0002341766,0.0002188295,0.00009693727,0.0001937165],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997612,0.00004485467,0.00002289724,0.00009185643,0.000003755088,0.00007547435],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002385164,0.0005970661,0.768455,0.00002640698,0.00004248731,0.00008024075,0.0006932098,0.01424068,0.1803685,0.0000863361,0.000004859468,0.03516666],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001350499,0.001337071,0.9687802,0.00001556813,0.00002676797,0.0001000951,0.00003502292,0.009523716,0.01862801,0.00005941226,0.00001778133,0.0001258154],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9994412,0.00002903014,0.00001477341,0.0001179893,0.00009225417,0.0002062002,0.000003871136,0.00002030503,0.00007439061],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9976466,0.00003819787,0.002281758,0.000001781612,0.000009949557,0.000006644942,0.00000522771,0.000004490464,0.000005361979],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2003252,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4256119,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2032460852","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2006.06.004","title":"The role of plants in the removal of nutrients at a constructed wetland treating agricultural (dairy) wastewater, Ontario, Canada","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecological Engineering","topic":"Constructed Wetlands for Wastewater Treatment","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":269,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Queen's University; University of Guelph; Carleton University","funders":"Research Promotion and Technology Transfer Center; National Research Centre","keywords":"Kjeldahl method; Wetland; Nutrient; Environmental science; Watershed; Typha; Wastewater; Phosphorus; Constructed wetland; Agronomy; Hydrology (agriculture); Environmental engineering; Nitrogen; Ecology; Biology; Chemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.002579039200322776,"gpt":0.145355899507757,"spread":0.1427768603074342,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009458677,0.0001373375,0.0001784679,0.00001475813,0.00008436151,0.00001015526,0.0002228044,0.00004891094,0.0001722175],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001815926,0.00006610934,0.00004153679,0.0001180487,0.00007982772,0.00003461602,0.00012134,0.0001065988,0.000002008901],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005458525,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002164932,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.5438015,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.8858314,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989607,0.00003205895,0.0003186892,0.0001562536,0.0002474804,0.0002848654],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995527,0.0001800624,0.00009188267,0.0001380475,0.000004554146,0.00003280101],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005394702,0.0001102346,0.9100957,0.000007571814,0.00003042086,0.0001229317,0.0005556198,0.02503495,0.06270953,0.0001387922,0.0001421925,0.0009981208],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006146403,0.00005910328,0.9772525,0.00001667233,0.00001011415,0.0001866779,0.0002936385,0.0008530188,0.01863818,0.00005974884,0.001910003,0.0001057277],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9968042,0.0000431662,6.588102e-7,0.00002514086,0.00006690112,0.0002023804,0.00001448359,0.00001008437,0.002832961],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995212,0.000002286487,0.0002671399,0.000002576535,0.00001028059,0.00001569438,0.00001770304,0.000004018291,0.0001590935],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3420299,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4592364,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1974081511","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2006.09.024","title":"Effects of tree competition on corn and soybean photosynthesis, growth, and yield in a temperate tree-based agroforestry intercropping system in southern Ontario, Canada","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecological Engineering","topic":"Agroforestry and silvopastoral systems","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":247,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph; Canadian Forest Service; Natural Resources Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Intercropping; Shading; Agronomy; Temperate climate; Environmental science; Agroforestry; Biology; Botany","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.004691178997585725,"gpt":0.1386596104395758,"spread":0.1339684314419901,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001245085,0.0001513809,0.0002897546,0.0000243627,0.00004038592,0.00001952041,0.00007453658,0.0001166051,0.00001234981],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005043646,0.00007109674,0.00002730555,0.0001334131,0.00002153914,0.00003409843,0.00002422216,0.0001625671,4.827034e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001864201,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001647291,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.7069092,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9534196,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991412,0.00004644366,0.0002698363,0.0002158725,0.00009785133,0.0002288399],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993505,0.0005063202,0.00005545002,0.00002354305,0.000008596086,0.00005556793],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001256905,0.0001778192,0.6025394,0.0004589078,0.000009829821,0.0002026455,0.0001209347,0.002168343,0.3927461,0.0006424739,0.00001060989,0.0007972831],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002689172,0.0002086926,0.9873257,0.0005010667,0.000003802583,0.000004589552,0.0002242084,0.002708637,0.008586212,0.000007869637,0.000008791524,0.0001515425],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9994482,0.00003752444,0.000005547193,0.00005413689,0.00006109269,0.0002263077,0.000007402054,0.0000266265,0.0001331783],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9998637,8.00533e-7,0.00001415157,0.00001957315,0.00004343276,0.00002756914,0.000008006501,0.000001340149,0.00002137248],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3847863,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2950425,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2022598059","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2010.10.004","title":"Performance evaluation of native plants suited to extensive green roof conditions in a maritime climate","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecological Engineering","topic":"Urban Heat Island Mitigation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":246,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Saint Mary's University; York University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Green roof; Groundcover; Stormwater; Roof; Forb; Environmental science; Growing season; Native plant; Ecology; Geography; Biology; Introduced species; Surface runoff","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0292674869937136,"gpt":0.2332225397240633,"spread":0.2039550527303497,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003290439,0.00006985597,0.0001027833,0.00005889743,0.00002219666,0.000002081329,0.00007146437,0.00005017538,0.00211144],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001316198,0.00006432624,0.00001610287,0.0001672409,0.00002381329,0.0001196103,0.00006442003,0.00007012219,0.00009739755],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001679242,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004839676,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008219427,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001307781,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993163,0.00002673606,0.0001607248,0.0001412319,0.0001764378,0.0001785957],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997818,0.00005338168,0.00002830014,0.00007017524,0.00001850204,0.00004780628],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007500492,0.0003792512,0.6900868,0.00002930593,0.00002301255,0.00002126628,0.004321811,0.2553096,0.04348184,0.0002669139,0.000251543,0.005753635],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002286005,0.0001015069,0.8699788,0.00001838245,0.000005692234,0.000002413859,0.0000282519,0.1268876,0.002605549,0.00006221105,0.000009971201,0.00007096068],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.995005,0.000003764463,0.00005684656,0.00001372324,0.0000418677,0.0003204861,0.00001663669,0.0000237145,0.004517937],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999127,0.000003375702,0.0007071418,0.00003520138,0.000006998561,0.00008147338,0.00001388729,0.000004498094,0.0000204423],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1798921,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9988008,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2007607613","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2006.03.006","title":"Artificial aeration to increase pollutant removal efficiency of constructed wetlands in cold climate","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecological Engineering","topic":"Constructed Wetlands for Wastewater Treatment","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":233,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal; Université de Montréal","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Aeration; Environmental science; Mesocosm; Macrophyte; Effluent; Environmental engineering; Wetland; Constructed wetland; Pollutant; Agronomy; Sewage treatment; Nutrient; Ecology; Biology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.00428323630026556,"gpt":0.1826581026602095,"spread":0.178374866359944,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001596171,0.0001392453,0.0002011653,0.00008883538,0.00003830846,0.00001531098,0.0001054242,0.00007605751,0.0004864255],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005796719,0.0001191471,0.00003981248,0.0003993208,0.00005053062,0.00005833847,0.0001162153,0.00008437115,0.0000524343],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002126553,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007709325,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002973274,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007678844,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988471,0.00001905264,0.0003768791,0.000247854,0.0001708543,0.0003382794],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996835,0.00005721623,0.00004744497,0.0001261251,0.000005033546,0.00008067433],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006336801,0.0003085666,0.1654182,0.00001145689,0.000006038193,0.0001856927,0.00005734789,0.170898,0.6596013,0.001658332,0.00002480471,0.00176687],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009502506,0.0004100206,0.8171469,0.00003855426,0.00002052308,0.00007368255,0.0000470032,0.05054932,0.1296825,0.0001992974,0.0004335498,0.0004483845],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9977472,0.000003623994,0.0004303974,0.00005537638,0.00009444355,0.0002627686,0.00002099141,0.00006231719,0.001322827],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9949978,9.631694e-7,0.004910376,0.00001414517,0.00002412374,0.00001963241,0.00001019358,0.000008037886,0.00001472566],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6517287,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5326018,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2016379746","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2013.06.005","title":"Improving the reliability of fishway attraction and passage efficiency estimates to inform fishway engineering, science, and practice","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecological Engineering","topic":"Fish Ecology and Management Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":184,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; Carleton University","funders":"BC Hydro; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Reliability (semiconductor); Upstream (networking); Computer science; Attraction; Fish <Actinopterygii>; Ecology; Risk analysis (engineering); Environmental resource management; Environmental science; Fishery; Business; Biology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.006044610164484995,"gpt":0.202138141756027,"spread":0.1960935315915421,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001069164,0.0001183413,0.0001322249,0.00004603371,0.0002493967,0.00004930064,0.0001671162,0.000053282,0.0001802888],"category_scores_gemma":[0.006687448,0.0000805317,0.00001413491,0.0003643111,0.0002745788,0.0006066346,0.0005626818,0.0001450021,0.00002870991],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009296122,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000005277417,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005986425,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001577387,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990686,0.00000970621,0.0001835857,0.0002566774,0.0001937286,0.0002877588],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989245,0.0007630643,0.0000585768,0.0001414517,0.00003068928,0.00008171906],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006853035,0.0007668161,0.2740925,0.000506976,0.00009366965,0.00001996433,0.002881688,0.6026744,0.07552119,0.003767226,0.01748804,0.022119],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00008676859,0.0001595589,0.9189218,0.000004757926,0.00001263937,0.000006273717,0.00009984846,0.07675295,0.0004051287,0.00002726068,0.00340996,0.0001130816],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9918026,0.00001178188,0.001774029,0.002166091,0.0001314145,0.0004932549,9.102384e-7,0.00007276132,0.003547144],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9928985,0.00001478167,0.006626747,0.0003140566,0.00001026642,0.00008333433,2.596423e-7,0.000004590109,0.00004746876],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6448293,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8005983,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4293282418","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2022.106740","title":"Challenges and avenues for acid mine drainage treatment, beneficiation, and valorisation in circular economy: A review","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Ecological Engineering","topic":"Mine drainage and remediation techniques","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":179,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"University of South Africa; Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, India; University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg","keywords":"Beneficiation; Acid mine drainage; Valorisation; Circular economy; Waste management; Environmental science; Reuse; Dredging; Land reclamation; Resource recovery; Environmental engineering; Environmental protection; Engineering; Wastewater; Geology; Chemistry; Geography","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05261774767968514,"gpt":0.2774323341562762,"spread":0.224814586476591,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003687447,0.0002033639,0.0006282529,0.00006903188,0.00004269982,0.00001080855,0.00007684063,0.0001183118,0.0001753182],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001975523,0.0001655794,0.00008942276,0.00008702761,0.00001640333,0.0000742501,0.00008603577,0.00009839318,0.000003417691],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003163925,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007562457,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000003168036,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008284634,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991142,0.00004277113,0.0002959071,0.0003386525,0.00005050197,0.0001580186],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999544,0.0001760402,0.0001207312,0.0001128339,0.000002240333,0.00004417899],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[4.999536e-7,0.00004118591,0.000004480306,0.008976779,0.00001734717,0.000007767985,0.0001074086,0.00002156919,0.000002946055,0.0003298404,0.00004296617,0.9904472],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009615211,0.0001377022,0.0002001046,0.0007740671,0.00008633608,0.000009460487,0.000007093271,0.0002364751,0.000001277898,0.0003213807,0.997946,0.0001839598],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.00003690293,0.9975979,0.00008630705,0.00009200196,0.00003330901,0.001128321,0.000009519615,0.00004690642,0.0009688876],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0002505029,0.9977783,0.0004395549,0.00003751422,0.0000448314,0.001316102,0.00008369549,0.00001691472,0.0000326155],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.997903,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6752133,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2059066272","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2014.05.014","title":"Evaluating uncertainty estimates in distributed hydrological modeling for the Wenjing River watershed in China by GLUE, SUFI-2, and ParaSol methods","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecological Engineering","topic":"Hydrology and Watershed Management Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":171,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"GLUE; Watershed; Surface runoff; Calibration; Uncertainty analysis; Soil and Water Assessment Tool; SWAT model; Environmental science; Hydrological modelling; Hydrology (agriculture); Computer science; Statistics; Mathematics; Engineering; Machine learning; Climatology; Geology; Drainage basin; Geotechnical engineering; Geography; Streamflow","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02134558951420627,"gpt":0.2954626560446576,"spread":0.2741170665304513,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00200089,0.0001722845,0.0002562387,0.00002813229,0.0001532754,0.00001947223,0.000175101,0.0001151939,0.00005225075],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008646769,0.0001079387,0.00003542535,0.0001245352,0.00011827,0.00008802624,0.0002966321,0.0002276979,0.000004180158],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007243301,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":9.281856e-7,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001387485,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003769952,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987431,0.0001119882,0.0002509879,0.0003586213,0.00008626258,0.0004490797],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988909,0.0009273978,0.00003261961,0.0001045214,0.000002509197,0.00004204275],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002675036,0.00003114196,0.02746579,0.000009154558,0.00001093546,0.000001698581,0.0001816085,0.9691805,0.001045702,0.00007932854,0.00002280797,0.001944641],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004853548,0.0001120715,0.09116094,0.000006510337,0.00001272863,8.802728e-7,0.00001541699,0.9060889,0.0000610055,0.001784474,0.0001383338,0.0001333136],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7924774,0.00005421256,0.2061914,0.0008156528,0.00004486138,0.0003214362,0.000001969317,0.00004447913,0.0000485792],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9839265,0.00002235754,0.01568886,0.0001389073,0.00001327825,0.0001841007,0.00001169292,0.000007358681,0.000006949742],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1914491,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4401614,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2113706135","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2003.12.001","title":"Hydrodynamics of horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetlands","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecological Engineering","topic":"Constructed Wetlands for Wastewater Treatment","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":143,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Polytechnique Montréal","keywords":"Plug flow; Residence time distribution; Flow (mathematics); Dispersion (optics); Hydraulics; Environmental science; Péclet number; Wetland; Constructed wetland; TRACER; Residence time (fluid dynamics); Hydrology (agriculture); Subsurface flow; Mechanics; Geotechnical engineering; Environmental engineering; Geology; Wastewater; Thermodynamics; Groundwater; Physics; Ecology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.003670768513003508,"gpt":0.1666847629111091,"spread":0.1630139943981055,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001005248,0.0001667142,0.0002180855,0.00002915025,0.00003780143,0.000009433717,0.0001270657,0.00009915794,0.002413189],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008252139,0.0001373883,0.00006989805,0.0002048403,0.00009490815,0.00006628839,0.00007415916,0.0001219772,0.00007105017],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001536155,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007577024,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001492135,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003255877,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990442,0.00002285075,0.000232752,0.0002374106,0.0001624821,0.0003002358],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995974,0.00006534332,0.00004727105,0.0001753775,0.000005214293,0.0001094058],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002376658,0.0002652389,0.5575968,0.00002282643,0.00009103044,0.0000940355,0.0001322129,0.3433062,0.09379016,0.002215292,0.00007982524,0.002382601],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003326512,0.0008926661,0.5232587,0.00003586728,0.00009647763,0.0004177223,0.0001385089,0.4111409,0.05511884,0.0005934749,0.003848291,0.001132071],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9924073,0.00001037225,0.001273006,0.00001117873,0.0002035125,0.0001360071,0.00001176808,0.00008866624,0.005858249],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.981581,0.000005037921,0.01832452,0.000004396061,0.00000686315,0.000009401192,0.000009898525,0.00001195731,0.00004695978],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.06783465,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9984987,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2011306946","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2010.03.011","title":"Nitrate removal and greenhouse gas production in a stream-bed denitrifying bioreactor","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecological Engineering","topic":"Wastewater Treatment and Nitrogen Removal","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":140,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Denitrifying bacteria; Woodchips; Denitrification; Nitrous oxide; Nitrate; Effluent; Bioreactor; Methane; Environmental science; Environmental chemistry; Nitrogen; Carbon dioxide; Environmental engineering; Chemistry; Pulp and paper industry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0090417404995891,"gpt":0.1933177481177998,"spread":0.1842760076182107,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000142085,0.0001392319,0.0001280135,0.00004940382,0.0000443246,0.00002541529,0.00007876634,0.00009974928,0.0002574831],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008191115,0.0001101042,0.00002862423,0.0001640182,0.00004910921,0.0001547223,0.0000799013,0.0002437451,0.00006164981],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005565902,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000307552,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007984303,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003077814,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991917,0.00001351324,0.0001402575,0.0002803267,0.00009915209,0.0002750377],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997374,0.00003293957,0.00002426868,0.0001110375,0.000002576596,0.00009177822],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002151104,0.0001418541,0.05816064,0.00000637845,0.000007785598,0.0001866993,0.00009939505,0.0008520139,0.9363027,0.0000246313,0.00002043673,0.004175938],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001550982,0.0003401646,0.6836407,0.00002373261,0.00003718282,0.0006179085,0.00006927006,0.01565138,0.2950767,0.0003850563,0.001873553,0.0007333531],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.999242,0.00001392383,0.000007413806,0.0001089401,0.0001705277,0.0001702702,9.606338e-7,0.00009924835,0.0001867103],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9896665,0.00001121492,0.01014295,0.00001109806,0.00006772844,0.00001656073,0.00000295352,0.00001209998,0.00006890418],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6412261,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4489919,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2884378838","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2018.07.007","title":"The role of plants in bioretention systems; does the science underpin current guidance?","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecological Engineering","topic":"Urban Stormwater Management Solutions","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":135,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal","funders":"University of Melbourne","keywords":"Bioretention; Phytoremediation; Low-impact development; Environmental science; Context (archaeology); Hydraulic conductivity; Sustainability; Environmental engineering; Agricultural engineering; Engineering; Biology; Ecology; Surface runoff; Stormwater; Soil science; Soil water; Stormwater management","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008974284694168059,"gpt":0.2061213339958794,"spread":0.1971470493017113,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006645673,0.00006471472,0.00006156982,0.00003062979,0.0002160283,0.00003372978,0.0004134214,0.00001975034,0.00005497042],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007780992,0.0000299972,0.00001900661,0.0002712136,0.0004757994,0.000107496,0.0003091334,0.00007862549,0.00006950157],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001873692,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004774397,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006032844,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00008578769,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991663,0.00002152914,0.0001665696,0.0001543905,0.0002078611,0.000283394],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996811,0.00006397618,0.0000431783,0.0001779357,0.000005506246,0.00002835372],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004784789,0.0005729049,0.3800068,0.00006299771,0.00004910979,0.000008713064,0.001658225,0.2472117,0.2020082,0.1241013,0.001789563,0.04248266],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001071026,0.00007050695,0.8143613,0.0000310757,0.000004249564,0.000001348169,0.0001942989,0.1606223,0.001913623,0.0007221551,0.02185993,0.0001120856],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9952798,0.0002433157,0.001160812,0.00011396,0.0006666921,0.0002566674,0.000002091286,0.00003829347,0.002238353],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997782,0.00002010062,0.0000773641,0.000004262911,0.00003313077,0.00003003016,2.979224e-7,0.00000281213,0.00005387853],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4343546,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1753103,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1978321016","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2006.09.014","title":"Carbon and nitrogen in a temperate agroforestry system: Using stable isotopes as a tool to understand soil dynamics","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecological Engineering","topic":"Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":110,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph; University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Environmental science; Soil carbon; Temperate climate; Carbon sequestration; Ecosystem; Soil water; Agronomy; Temperate rainforest; Agroforestry; Carbon dioxide; Soil science; Ecology; Biology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008844888135144372,"gpt":0.1849747840629707,"spread":0.1761298959278263,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001841793,0.0001846541,0.0002458928,0.0000332103,0.00007437602,0.00008348237,0.0001104329,0.000159872,0.00001464453],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000464703,0.0000901833,0.00004503033,0.0003608231,0.00002027945,0.00005841294,0.00009458435,0.0001465676,0.000003148041],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003097178,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001136043,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003299871,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006171121,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988887,0.00002700599,0.0002425912,0.0002935505,0.0001313952,0.0004167537],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997096,0.00009126066,0.00003281857,0.00004507851,0.00002334917,0.00009788084],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001561963,0.0003106567,0.5232423,0.0001795698,0.00005649622,0.0004034346,0.0001418089,0.2486397,0.2046933,0.0205109,0.00001800167,0.001647647],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002800811,0.0002112865,0.1710372,0.00005811745,0.00001465951,0.00006288233,0.0007141731,0.8256799,0.0007990453,0.0006953661,0.000028799,0.0004185339],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9988127,0.00009102827,0.00002616181,0.00008397271,0.00007807755,0.0002459796,0.00001251371,0.0001271398,0.0005223679],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995142,0.000004684015,0.0002822567,0.00004585893,0.00009169784,0.00001611942,0.00001212962,0.000002797792,0.00003032096],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5770402,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.498844,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2045411821","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2014.09.115","title":"Floating treatment wetlands for heavy metal removal in highway stormwater ponds","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecological Engineering","topic":"Constructed Wetlands for Wastewater Treatment","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":107,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Cadmium; Stormwater; Juncus; Retention basin; Surface runoff; Environmental science; Environmental chemistry; Wetland; Carex; Chemistry; Environmental engineering; Botany; Ecology; Biology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008713376217071595,"gpt":0.1992384474924144,"spread":0.1905250712753428,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001989632,0.0002175506,0.0002673932,0.00005532838,0.00006252004,0.00002321665,0.000122593,0.00009462953,0.0004440172],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006104411,0.0001545903,0.00009921149,0.0001180455,0.00002974648,0.00009127126,0.00008505189,0.00007858863,0.00007552055],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005257003,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004136601,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005763405,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001624815,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998803,0.00002415328,0.0002527225,0.0003474551,0.0001199191,0.0004527138],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995475,0.0001397378,0.0000339702,0.0001679178,0.000003083954,0.0001077935],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003115624,0.001264159,0.2831847,0.00005941759,0.0002049327,0.0002336917,0.001254864,0.5351344,0.1135433,0.001706224,0.0002118727,0.06289082],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0086008,0.0035415,0.3533974,0.0000460933,0.0001085879,0.0001903251,0.00007606178,0.4931555,0.04330201,0.0005348156,0.09571408,0.001332843],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9960824,0.00000812366,0.001576732,0.0001086087,0.0002095775,0.0003143354,0.000006237711,0.000121,0.001573007],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9837499,0.000001855112,0.01566294,0.0000324198,0.00007067492,0.00009849361,0.00001926313,0.00001859296,0.0003458168],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.09550221,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.630401,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2107413421","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2008.11.009","title":"Phosphorus sorption by sediments in a subtropical constructed wetland receiving stormwater runoff","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecological Engineering","topic":"Constructed Wetlands for Wastewater Treatment","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":104,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Sorption; Environmental chemistry; Adsorption; Phosphorus; Freundlich equation; Sediment; Langmuir; Wetland; Stormwater; Surface runoff; Desorption; Constructed wetland; Environmental science; Langmuir adsorption model; Environmental engineering; Chemistry; Hydrology (agriculture); Geology; Wastewater; Ecology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.003898296682919879,"gpt":0.1796985283574027,"spread":0.1758002316744828,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008853838,0.0001999471,0.0002102212,0.00004480939,0.00004560498,0.00003103462,0.0001394275,0.0001332091,0.001208609],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003617445,0.0001634005,0.00004557868,0.0001877994,0.00004583628,0.000137112,0.00007760527,0.0002046534,0.0001350257],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004649654,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004342062,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005771971,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001817922,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987348,0.00002472755,0.0002618944,0.0003410777,0.0001874504,0.0004500959],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996548,0.00003935334,0.00003562128,0.0001386386,0.000003018133,0.0001285572],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007957489,0.0003867976,0.801482,0.000004854589,0.00002672653,0.0001409847,0.0002053693,0.01108784,0.1714357,0.00005936985,0.001049125,0.01404168],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001306668,0.0002502298,0.9820737,0.00001661222,0.000008518312,0.00003858669,0.00001494223,0.006577356,0.007618753,0.0001034771,0.001688147,0.0003030597],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9984936,0.00002701057,0.0002359612,0.0001804154,0.0001479496,0.0002051146,0.000005275378,0.0001229805,0.0005817506],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9978944,0.00001121362,0.001861043,0.00008279935,0.00002016021,0.00001874541,0.00002296981,0.000009251118,0.00007938885],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1805916,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997044,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2063717531","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2003.10.003","title":"Feasibility of using ornamental plants (Zantedeschia aethiopica) in subsurface flow treatment wetlands to remove nitrogen, chemical oxygen demand and nonylphenol ethoxylate surfactants—a laboratory-scale study","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecological Engineering","topic":"Constructed Wetlands for Wastewater Treatment","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":102,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Trent University","funders":"Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología; Trent University","keywords":"Effluent; Chemical oxygen demand; Chemistry; Wastewater; Environmental chemistry; Nitrate; Ammonium; Sewage treatment; Pulp and paper industry; Nitrogen; Kjeldahl method; Sewage; Biochemical oxygen demand; Nonylphenol; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Organic chemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01470441901901871,"gpt":0.2332532026351194,"spread":0.2185487836161006,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000319301,0.0003175163,0.0004765001,0.00006017086,0.00005759752,0.0000248359,0.0001297738,0.0001387213,0.000222328],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007667331,0.000257134,0.00005200643,0.0002952198,0.00006949958,0.0001006945,0.0001494652,0.0001613596,0.00001210933],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000694115,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001951233,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001189741,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003602002,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981906,0.0001096211,0.0004342905,0.0005711752,0.0002361245,0.000458216],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993126,0.000102515,0.00006566603,0.0002653581,0.000009673789,0.0002441579],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007511773,0.0006090184,0.8521329,0.000006524269,0.00003549455,0.00005516356,0.0006225089,0.01868983,0.1276266,0.000001387789,0.000001036081,0.0001443349],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004092105,0.000789665,0.8988802,0.00004340643,0.00006093857,0.00005439471,0.0006029612,0.02045761,0.07440857,0.00004723,0.00003157819,0.0005312762],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.998697,0.00003125534,0.0001363132,0.00001266173,0.00007704802,0.0008638896,0.00005563025,0.000044122,0.0000820091],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.986558,0.000006668883,0.01336462,0.00001061269,0.00000676938,0.00002425036,0.000004460268,0.00001938014,0.00000519339],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.05321808,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999881,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2181763382","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2007.11.003","title":"Roadside revegetation by native plants","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecological Engineering","topic":"Wildlife-Road Interactions and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":95,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"Parks Canada","keywords":"Transect; Vegetation (pathology); Revegetation; Ditch; Habitat; Environmental science; Plant community; Ecology; Quadrat; Floristics; Native plant; Gradient analysis; Geography; Ordination; Ecological succession; Introduced species; Biology; Species richness","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008486757514686109,"gpt":0.1845287080772051,"spread":0.176041950562519,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00005191917,0.00006628872,0.00006477178,0.00001375915,0.00007772344,0.000006443813,0.00006224768,0.00004337384,0.001345038],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008416762,0.00005802113,0.00002263896,0.00007943222,0.00002251343,0.0001721234,0.00003052609,0.00009149924,0.0003802475],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000100248,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000002227606,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003683172,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008154457,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995334,0.00001059779,0.0001072853,0.000130239,0.00009488881,0.0001235943],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998121,0.00006030353,0.00002637358,0.00005594267,0.000003314234,0.00004192459],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003643897,0.000493279,0.2519922,0.000008186777,0.00005020411,0.0001095525,0.0009518468,0.4432282,0.1120334,0.0004222199,0.1837649,0.006909627],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00014806,0.00006462882,0.9019451,0.000005363785,0.000002120568,0.00003406092,0.00001768716,0.06350858,0.002127135,0.0000465149,0.03195225,0.0001484611],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9919617,0.00001203625,0.002696337,0.0001875001,0.0001076168,0.00006875357,0.000001571943,0.00006933745,0.004895208],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9977075,0.00001653991,0.001086305,0.0002413317,0.00002303609,0.00002298432,0.00000940976,0.000004585897,0.00088833],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6499529,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995679,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2983460969","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2019.105631","title":"Long-term forest succession improves plant diversity and soil quality but not significantly increase soil microbial diversity: Evidence from the Loess Plateau","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecological Engineering","topic":"Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":91,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Ecological succession; Shrubland; Soil carbon; Environmental science; Acidobacteria; Soil organic matter; Secondary succession; Soil quality; Soil biodiversity; Ecology; Soil biology; Soil ecology; Agronomy; Ecosystem; Biology; Actinobacteria; Soil water; Soil science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0225289239235101,"gpt":0.2033250944238614,"spread":0.1807961705003513,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003989736,0.0002124039,0.0002728772,0.000009812408,0.0006695493,0.00008065753,0.0004785911,0.0001953704,0.000116952],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002082934,0.00008245945,0.0001087191,0.0001163739,0.00007580035,0.0001889603,0.002294246,0.0002857696,0.00001634763],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006142325,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007169071,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006890641,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005475113,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987003,0.00009073079,0.0001994753,0.0004239977,0.0002391745,0.0003463208],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998261,0.001354703,0.00009127013,0.00009563471,0.00003415229,0.000163288],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001559885,0.00004806561,0.8015437,0.00001472887,0.0000219835,0.00002691647,0.0001181139,0.0003410247,0.1970851,0.00002774542,0.00001151385,0.0006051054],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002364954,0.0001337002,0.9890969,0.00004308645,0.00002628421,0.000004602845,0.00009152414,0.007612071,0.002482407,0.00002908467,0.000004704785,0.0002391194],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9988848,0.00008839092,0.00000998988,0.0002564556,0.0002699562,0.0002303868,0.0001395198,0.0001085741,0.00001192168],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993982,0.00009052673,0.00001651155,0.0002351377,0.0001546343,0.00000418237,0.00005850671,0.00000148571,0.00004082631],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1946027,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997225,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2090045881","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2008.12.005","title":"Riparian vegetation change in upstream and downstream reaches of three temperate rivers dammed for hydroelectric generation in British Columbia, Canada","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecological Engineering","topic":"Hydrology and Sediment Transport Processes","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":89,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; Lakehead University","funders":"BC Hydro; Lakehead University","keywords":"Riparian zone; Environmental science; Transect; Hydrology (agriculture); Species richness; Upstream and downstream (DNA); Hydroelectricity; Abundance (ecology); Downstream (manufacturing); Quadrat; Ecology; Habitat; Upstream (networking); Geology; Biology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0105875458462214,"gpt":0.1793380543674812,"spread":0.1687505085212598,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001140964,0.00005238382,0.0001205806,0.00002026305,0.00002757659,0.00001018026,0.00004783361,0.00007042247,0.00005162627],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003347869,0.00007166972,0.000009812352,0.0001442583,0.00001890303,0.0001076732,0.000005381649,0.00006565543,2.37723e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009423838,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001228957,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.2189818,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.974524,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994664,0.000007702984,0.0001469914,0.0001574785,0.00005737211,0.0001640069],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998826,0.0000245342,0.00002431076,0.00003354071,0.000002717304,0.00003229067],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000632823,0.00009857721,0.9002055,0.00001819336,0.000003953538,0.00002116049,0.0001121081,0.07148471,0.005256379,0.000007727792,0.00001809707,0.02276726],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003622364,0.0001234258,0.9199256,0.00000794699,0.000003829251,0.000001978796,0.000002990775,0.0790436,0.0003359981,0.00008626906,0.00003418269,0.00007199369],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9993946,0.00007000515,0.0001206291,0.0000838044,0.00002467906,0.0002403025,0.000002651536,0.00001009079,0.00005326042],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993991,0.00003224857,0.0004079055,0.00007197145,0.00001397749,0.00004653756,0.00001982449,0.000002619474,0.000005804921],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7555422,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7862191,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2052708900","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2013.12.010","title":"Field and numerical assessment of turning pool hydraulics in a vertical slot fishway","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecological Engineering","topic":"Fish Ecology and Management Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":86,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Carleton University; University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Alberta; Parks Canada","keywords":"Hydraulics; Baffle; Turbulence; Computational fluid dynamics; Marine engineering; Vortex; Hydraulic jump; Engineering; Geology; Environmental science; Flow (mathematics); Mechanics; Mechanical engineering; Aerospace engineering; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.00476215708596343,"gpt":0.2054218417739133,"spread":0.2006596846879499,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002132399,0.00007802729,0.0001635842,0.00002225479,0.0000291762,0.000004778631,0.0000774299,0.00006773123,0.0003466959],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003804604,0.00006651122,0.00001927508,0.00008980775,0.00004117001,0.00004953213,0.0002524427,0.0001557762,0.00001018003],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003202263,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000001211495,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008120312,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005386122,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993979,0.00002350647,0.0001482521,0.0001616662,0.00007619597,0.0001924479],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995301,0.000348309,0.00001486708,0.00006426037,0.000001500621,0.00004100396],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001059057,0.0001880139,0.9304775,0.00002963025,0.00001764749,0.00001594387,0.00008114072,0.06102768,0.001063026,0.003929948,0.00110722,0.002051683],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001512406,0.0001852032,0.8067071,0.000004301876,0.000004152994,9.387033e-7,0.000007519052,0.1916219,0.00009647821,0.00008574783,0.001070654,0.00006476267],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9600052,0.000003627508,0.01739126,0.0007648058,0.00007102124,0.00009363761,1.302428e-7,0.00003254688,0.02163777],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9971864,0.000006839388,0.002265536,0.0004822719,0.00001155605,0.00001883397,4.305446e-7,0.000003506069,0.00002462518],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1305942,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3796077,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2607156304","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2017.04.015","title":"Performance of the biotic systems for reducing methane emissions from landfill sites: A review","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Ecological Engineering","topic":"Landfill Environmental Impact Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":83,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"","keywords":"Environmental science; Landfill gas; Greenhouse gas; Municipal solid waste; Waste management; Methane; Environmental engineering; Clogging; Anaerobic oxidation of methane; Engineering; Ecology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.08012645851915179,"gpt":0.3084554060703501,"spread":0.2283289475511983,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003831616,0.0003623593,0.001458426,0.00001977304,0.0001709253,0.00001693687,0.000727027,0.0002018805,0.0003492693],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000864071,0.0001858982,0.0004275505,0.0001130636,0.0001127115,0.00007955234,0.0006726781,0.0002760543,0.00007081171],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003002922,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001479002,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004978184,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":9.059891e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984472,0.00005842078,0.0005579691,0.0003765198,0.0002174241,0.0003424994],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983271,0.0004672825,0.00046375,0.0006390695,0.000003604358,0.00009921705],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001985204,0.0006558934,0.003194609,0.2365582,0.001644937,0.00002931855,0.0002533349,0.03418428,0.0007439762,0.000009832908,0.01759505,0.7051107],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001477943,0.0001118321,0.001527008,0.04510799,0.0009068724,0.00001834516,0.000002150887,0.002652389,0.000021737,0.000001919525,0.9490457,0.0004562316],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.000587262,0.9966809,0.00001609558,0.00002898595,0.0003839055,0.001503924,0.0001303631,0.000033376,0.0006352271],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.001661459,0.9972786,0.0003126739,0.00002109492,0.00008071024,0.0002603768,0.00003193832,0.00003239042,0.0003207022],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9314507,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.758071,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2086961114","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2011.12.006","title":"Removal of ionophoric antibiotics in free water surface constructed wetlands","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecological Engineering","topic":"Pharmaceutical and Antibiotic Environmental Impacts","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":82,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Monensin; Loam; Environmental chemistry; Salinomycin; Soil water; Chemistry; Sorption; Wetland; Environmental science; Anoxic waters; Contamination; Surface water; Environmental engineering; Antibiotics; Soil science; Ecology; Adsorption; Biology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01267686958026415,"gpt":0.2207080750431637,"spread":0.2080312054628995,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002059439,0.0001122859,0.000161327,0.00001801637,0.00001698079,0.000004554669,0.0001434173,0.00009215752,0.002308619],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006143477,0.00007860168,0.00003546144,0.0001254934,0.0001109782,0.0001460686,0.0002480928,0.0001563879,0.000169539],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008745231,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000001116805,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000150662,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001776208,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990684,0.00001892649,0.000193939,0.0001244897,0.000131281,0.000462952],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996502,0.00005055074,0.00001938389,0.0001193341,0.000001014291,0.0001594545],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001118235,0.0003884024,0.3129636,0.00002462185,0.000008839478,0.00008067163,0.0000880329,0.02993752,0.655526,0.0002328206,0.0001375042,0.0006007797],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005606473,0.00006497216,0.7878876,0.00001704947,0.00000962639,0.0001328251,0.00002036772,0.008879552,0.1996251,0.00009284575,0.00248325,0.0002261728],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9958568,0.00006850445,0.0001303267,0.0001194139,0.0002383434,0.00007752082,0.000003914201,0.00002785032,0.003477311],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9955353,0.00003648988,0.004216244,0.00005369143,0.00002767626,1.141152e-7,0.000002914731,0.000007772133,0.0001198548],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4749239,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9986034,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2128863445","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2013.12.013","title":"Growing season carbon dioxide and methane exchange at a restored peatland on the Western Boreal Plain","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecological Engineering","topic":"Peatlands and Wetlands Ecology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":82,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canadian Sphagnum Peat Moss Association; Alberta Innovates - Technology Futures","keywords":"Peat; Environmental science; Greenhouse gas; Carbon sink; Boreal; Carbon dioxide; Growing season; Sink (geography); Carbon cycle; Ecosystem respiration; Ecosystem; Carbon sequestration; Bog; Hydrology (agriculture); Eddy covariance; Ecology; Oceanography; Geology; Geography","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.009498803536396113,"gpt":0.1930633601058198,"spread":0.1835645565694237,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004515241,0.0001576217,0.0001920983,0.00002206893,0.00009024158,0.00001505666,0.0001460582,0.0001088957,0.0001552618],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001950889,0.00009739499,0.00003578927,0.00007461992,0.00005846048,0.00004573817,0.0002456032,0.000173158,0.00002417761],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001280483,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000001436191,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001081509,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003120763,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990252,0.00007570564,0.0001214721,0.0002868269,0.0001373747,0.0003534647],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992269,0.0004558153,0.00003228769,0.0001604071,0.000001845699,0.0001227193],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000130132,0.0001055713,0.9644894,0.00003144694,0.00004155425,0.000119245,0.0004627345,0.01095866,0.01868746,0.0006264742,0.001259669,0.003087633],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004225991,0.0003050965,0.9665014,0.00001025221,0.00001104548,0.00002249853,0.000007061977,0.01764296,0.0004998737,0.00004062047,0.01435882,0.00017782],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9925226,0.00002697002,0.00006676761,0.0009799988,0.0000922072,0.0001332184,0.000001767905,0.00006848588,0.00610801],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998938,0.00002316891,0.00008212671,0.0004267506,0.0001082951,0.00004345576,0.000006756219,0.00001231508,0.0003591404],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01818758,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3971652,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2965321807","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2019.07.003","title":"Long term decentralized greywater treatment for water reuse purposes in a tourist facility by vertical ecosystem","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecological Engineering","topic":"Constructed Wetlands for Wastewater Treatment","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":80,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"European Regional Development Fund; Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad; European Commission; Indian National Science Academy; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research","keywords":"Chemistry; Hydraulic retention time; Environmental science; Effluent; Environmental chemistry; Environmental engineering; Pulp and paper industry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.007078105800544921,"gpt":0.1970631691276298,"spread":0.1899850633270849,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001051045,0.000250774,0.0003260541,0.00003038589,0.00003659102,0.00003880462,0.0002145967,0.0001218572,0.0022314],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000238783,0.0001532347,0.0001096662,0.00005635536,0.00002523845,0.0001113408,0.0001766762,0.00007674526,0.0004907485],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008618029,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000040809,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005660025,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001947053,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984559,0.00002452613,0.0003114912,0.000451656,0.0001296492,0.0006267399],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994341,0.00006891105,0.00001485517,0.0003312269,0.000003621015,0.0001472596],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001304314,0.0004511553,0.9174644,0.00004210355,0.00005393717,0.00005162497,0.0002503079,0.006462312,0.07384297,0.000004915596,0.000110007,0.001135774],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.007333667,0.001218579,0.7209961,0.00004247289,0.00005932476,0.00004756807,0.00002449262,0.008772218,0.250728,0.00004581669,0.009942906,0.0007888952],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9982857,0.00001322524,0.0001308858,0.0001426925,0.0001689593,0.001047671,0.00005491824,0.00008983767,0.00006611095],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998859,0.000007557907,0.0005017474,0.00001454055,0.00001003724,0.0002620382,0.00009288065,0.00001281795,0.000239316],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1964683,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9986807,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2141462263","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2013.02.003","title":"The hydrology of the Bois-des-Bel bog peatland restoration: 10 years post-restoration","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecological Engineering","topic":"Peatlands and Wetlands Ecology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":79,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Peat; Sphagnum; Bog; Hydrology (agriculture); Water table; Environmental science; Ditch; Forestry; Surface runoff; Evapotranspiration; Vegetation (pathology); Geology; Geography; Groundwater; Ecology; Archaeology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.006220541001277265,"gpt":0.1867570614004392,"spread":0.1805365203991619,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002149296,0.0000916791,0.0001131797,0.00001332094,0.0001679828,0.00002548358,0.0002654482,0.0001062813,0.001359641],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002285126,0.00005038585,0.00005169206,0.0001285384,0.0001754416,0.0001048409,0.0001592109,0.0001400983,0.0002140261],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008163419,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007886198,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001114367,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003680674,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992474,0.00005212271,0.0001881892,0.0001490059,0.0001181999,0.0002450778],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994951,0.0001759103,0.00006394102,0.0002001943,0.0000132439,0.0000515838],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001204668,0.0004224034,0.57173,0.00003055009,0.00009998355,0.00003379039,0.001116347,0.2409531,0.1153974,0.003695789,0.05065017,0.0157501],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001641426,0.000188682,0.9704668,0.000002002403,0.000005341477,0.000008936783,0.00001188005,0.01130632,0.0001002262,0.0003242024,0.01734611,0.00007536664],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9963739,0.00004002855,0.00009584037,0.001024355,0.0002010727,0.0001979835,0.000001497157,0.00003006254,0.002035259],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988265,0.00001770297,0.0001465624,0.0001197492,0.00005673985,0.00004694052,0.000005010893,0.00000620875,0.0007745618],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3987369,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995533,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2489224351","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2016.06.114","title":"Microalgae growth and phosphorus uptake in wastewater under simulated cold region conditions","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecological Engineering","topic":"Algal biology and biofuel production","field":"Energy","cited_by":78,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canadian Water Network","keywords":"Phosphorus; Biomass (ecology); Eutrophication; Temperate climate; Wastewater; Chemistry; Environmental chemistry; Environmental science; Nutrient; Environmental engineering; Agronomy; Ecology; Biology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01106018911021004,"gpt":0.1983167375307573,"spread":0.1872565484205472,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007240603,0.0001141887,0.0001308171,0.00005592536,0.00004326265,0.00000790264,0.00005284686,0.0002138233,0.0001001288],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001010567,0.00007115062,0.00002538697,0.0001011764,0.00005690309,0.00007847812,0.00003739688,0.0001132317,0.00004131371],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004849803,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004815883,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002522192,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000009931432,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993193,0.00001913964,0.0001605444,0.0002350886,0.00003227908,0.0002336809],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997404,0.0000933878,0.0000225266,0.00008094114,0.00001469209,0.00004805904],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001087203,0.0001648407,0.01480818,0.00003209935,0.00005407494,0.0001012412,0.00005499633,0.01455643,0.9013245,0.06726877,0.0002023872,0.001323793],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002680569,0.0004257125,0.7903427,0.00007718454,0.00002954978,0.00009831366,0.00004105368,0.002107536,0.185066,0.006895174,0.0114989,0.0007373345],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9979906,0.0001260761,0.0001633575,0.001028051,0.0002057068,0.00009312449,0.000002304333,0.0001268244,0.0002639476],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992961,0.00007187917,0.0001087909,0.0001053047,0.00006395714,0.00001078954,0.000007008926,0.000008910566,0.0003272828],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7755345,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2901438,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2770377509","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2017.11.001","title":"The linkage between vegetation and soil nutrients and their variation under different grazing intensities in an alpine meadow on the eastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecological Engineering","topic":"Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":74,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Grazing; Environmental science; Rhizosphere; Vegetation (pathology); Overgrazing; Biomass (ecology); Grazing pressure; Ecosystem; Soil carbon; Nutrient; Agronomy; Plateau (mathematics); Ecology; Soil water; Soil science; Biology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0228837976157296,"gpt":0.2072657994084739,"spread":0.1843820017927444,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002733624,0.0001251453,0.0001320466,0.000009350172,0.0004078372,0.0002612887,0.0001608523,0.00008594702,0.000001714548],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001425016,0.00003637513,0.00002606565,0.00003461265,0.00005857132,0.00009885841,0.00009400502,0.0001804574,8.945779e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002733654,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000001246721,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009633269,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001790338,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993829,0.00004978969,0.0001316052,0.0001699943,0.00008099407,0.0001847774],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992645,0.0005320962,0.00006280451,0.00006807513,0.00001974936,0.00005274115],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008555672,0.0001746571,0.8530419,0.00003132725,0.00009285508,0.00001035231,0.001745107,0.002909184,0.05958543,0.01236891,0.000002759879,0.06995189],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001015984,0.0001304984,0.8707299,0.00002113923,0.00000415792,7.58559e-7,0.0002166522,0.127391,0.000191262,0.001125102,0.00000921149,0.00007878631],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9984422,0.00005793393,0.00004310352,0.001152561,0.00009680607,0.0001283693,0.000002686695,0.00003314818,0.00004316587],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997288,0.00004525289,0.000006405136,0.00008195219,0.0001064948,0.00001312779,0.000007595078,0.0000013614,0.000009007668],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1244818,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3136795,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2964764138","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2019.07.031","title":"Changes in soil physico-chemical properties following vegetation restoration mediate bacterial community composition and diversity in Changting, China","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecological Engineering","topic":"Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":72,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"Fujian Provincial Department of Science and Technology","keywords":"Acidobacteria; Environmental science; Actinobacteria; Firmicutes; Microbial population biology; Water content; Vegetation (pathology); Soil carbon; Soil pH; Agronomy; Soil science; Soil water; Biology; Geology; Bacteria","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01662479137035488,"gpt":0.1838347976590949,"spread":0.16721000628874,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002487793,0.00008975634,0.0001458932,0.00002051311,0.00007214383,0.00002471346,0.00007866543,0.00009525973,0.000009566803],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004625126,0.00004608194,0.00002699948,0.0001385777,0.00001262884,0.0001106576,0.0001515051,0.0002082126,0.000002727094],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006921319,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000001668834,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003567222,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002531188,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994587,0.00007567937,0.00009996514,0.0001213908,0.00008684502,0.0001573786],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998204,0.00008362772,0.00003001598,0.00002569074,0.000007802934,0.00003250401],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002676048,0.00007032284,0.06231381,0.00001818211,0.000003114242,0.000002810799,0.000523903,0.0008680443,0.9352919,0.00002965056,3.03748e-7,0.0008511589],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000274568,0.0001093768,0.9313618,0.00004357339,0.000003177949,9.377678e-7,0.0001041532,0.06200505,0.005929927,0.00004384737,0.000002437805,0.0001211498],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9994695,0.00001749972,9.511855e-7,0.0001329731,0.0001408484,0.0001542108,0.000001488952,0.00004766357,0.00003483454],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9998025,0.000008703972,0.00003796092,0.00003051147,0.00006195522,0.00001185456,0.00004384179,8.481566e-7,0.000001812955],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.929362,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1879167,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2079225693","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2008.07.008","title":"Effect of plant and artificial aeration on solids accumulation and biological activities in constructed wetlands","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecological Engineering","topic":"Constructed Wetlands for Wastewater Treatment","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":72,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal; Université du Québec à Montréal; Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Phragmites; Aeration; Mesocosm; Total dissolved solids; Typha angustifolia; Wetland; Constructed wetland; Suspended solids; Biofilm; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Environmental chemistry; Chemistry; Ecology; Sewage treatment; Wastewater; Biology; Nutrient","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01012738641934147,"gpt":0.2218785146107118,"spread":0.2117511281913704,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000116313,0.0001032465,0.0001615299,0.00004349076,0.00002536653,0.00001240108,0.00002627257,0.00008203514,0.00006102195],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005339258,0.00007114521,0.00001412152,0.00006665104,0.00005548679,0.00005729569,0.00002806864,0.00007733497,0.000001368562],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004787248,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000001206968,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000006509719,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000161497,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994732,0.00003482045,0.0001368762,0.000161334,0.00006488388,0.0001288751],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997009,0.0001897279,0.00002630426,0.00004548368,9.195875e-7,0.00003663946],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004590168,0.0001427478,0.7524221,0.00001865692,0.00001492686,0.00004002181,0.00023029,0.03614029,0.1475951,0.001122977,0.000006453057,0.06180737],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005663593,0.001609824,0.9416071,0.00001486444,0.000005684838,0.00001511814,0.00001316025,0.03561868,0.02028633,0.0001485705,0.000009329585,0.0001049589],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9995399,0.000004080737,0.00004818816,0.00003940152,0.00003004471,0.0001637057,0.000005665372,0.00002873799,0.0001402623],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997234,0.000006631436,0.0002273657,0.000009029484,0.00001048021,0.000007423448,0.00001248488,0.000002097901,0.000001127911],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.189185,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2901217,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2115862685","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2014.10.007","title":"Sphagnum farming: A long-term study on producing peat moss biomass sustainably","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecological Engineering","topic":"Peatlands and Wetlands Ecology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":71,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université Laval; Center for Northern Studies","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canadian Sphagnum Peat Moss Association; Canadian Natural Resources Limited","keywords":"Sphagnum; Peat; Moss; Biomass (ecology); Environmental science; Productivity; Agriculture; Agronomy; Ecology; Biology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008884994468600629,"gpt":0.2201620380623311,"spread":0.2112770435937305,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004651576,0.0002181345,0.0002585762,0.00005267507,0.0001378822,0.00004172262,0.000270945,0.0001019279,0.0006517693],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002931254,0.0001686809,0.00005698754,0.0002042136,0.00004090432,0.00008283512,0.000264468,0.0002051095,0.0002197356],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002046774,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004288772,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002429071,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004835815,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984426,0.00005269454,0.0002213192,0.000522008,0.0001837836,0.0005775465],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993727,0.0001424388,0.0000461773,0.0002831692,0.000006494231,0.0001489928],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001997768,0.0005622965,0.9791691,0.0000175659,0.00001796005,0.0001929357,0.0002781434,0.0153093,0.002382278,0.00006397318,0.0001823025,0.001804152],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005544326,0.001082307,0.9923569,0.000005403459,0.00001150569,0.00001289526,0.00004172545,0.004519875,0.0002648287,0.00002489296,0.0008888945,0.0002363366],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.995531,0.000006566742,0.001226236,0.0001574594,0.0002315901,0.0004045371,7.435398e-7,0.0001714368,0.002270469],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990112,0.000001333008,0.0001421707,0.00009815636,0.0001340962,0.0000743568,0.000004672254,0.00001804381,0.0005160228],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01318778,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7136416,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2899262244","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2018.10.006","title":"Water retention performance of green roof technology: A comparison of canadian climates","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecological Engineering","topic":"Urban Heat Island Mitigation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":71,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Western University; University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Green roof; Environmental science; Surface runoff; Evapotranspiration; Stormwater; Low-impact development; Hydrology (agriculture); Green infrastructure; Vegetation (pathology); Storm; Environmental engineering; Roof; Geography; Meteorology; Stormwater management; Engineering; Ecology; Geotechnical engineering; Archaeology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01287677994368006,"gpt":0.1964345753476683,"spread":0.1835577954039882,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009755721,0.0000544794,0.0001106929,0.0001212953,0.0000311342,0.000001814762,0.0000952619,0.00008781705,0.0009422792],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002234314,0.00003987592,0.00001791779,0.0002258513,0.00009541232,0.00005973576,0.00004975769,0.00006233987,0.00007591967],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006831974,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000002852184,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002579527,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006154065,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994851,0.000004227722,0.0001636649,0.00009679385,0.00006747589,0.0001827278],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998298,0.000009317867,0.00002515065,0.0000851516,0.000009361935,0.00004119607],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005298099,0.0000307817,0.7508937,0.00002088318,0.000005785521,7.387595e-7,0.0002327252,0.003899909,0.2434301,0.00007904903,0.0001570208,0.00124404],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001087787,0.0004142648,0.5594113,0.00001670351,0.000007100244,0.00000203261,0.00002413057,0.05893853,0.3797086,0.00004985336,0.001231879,0.00008684147],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9980931,0.00000677387,0.00004759661,0.00009033507,0.00005449725,0.00007830071,0.000002056111,0.00002906705,0.001598334],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998773,0.000002638613,0.001124408,0.000006538098,0.00001329323,0.000006442127,0.000004171364,0.000003746768,0.00006577932],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1914824,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999971,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2091839508","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2013.09.040","title":"Modeling and optimization of dye removal using “green” clay supported iron nano-particles","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecological Engineering","topic":"Environmental remediation with nanomaterials","field":"Engineering","cited_by":67,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Department of Science and Technology, Ministry of Science and Technology, India","keywords":"Malachite green; Bentonite; Response surface methodology; Nano-; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Hazardous waste; Central composite design; Chemistry; Nuclear chemistry; Adsorption; Waste management; Chromatography; Organic chemistry; Composite material; Engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01186950362251223,"gpt":0.1918087354942511,"spread":0.1799392318717389,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001007772,0.0001372237,0.0001949939,0.00006492119,0.00002441077,0.00002118789,0.00006222047,0.000110392,0.0002948368],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005667731,0.000130981,0.0000258264,0.00008846823,0.00002049689,0.0002141867,0.0000418784,0.00006021218,0.00001013439],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007041625,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000003740716,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001581382,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":6.574165e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991999,0.00001202015,0.0003228073,0.0001354303,0.0001089434,0.0002209011],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997357,0.00003962918,0.0000303231,0.00009582566,0.00001412667,0.00008439025],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[8.813021e-7,0.000007106895,0.0001439565,0.00003020088,0.000005593343,0.000001355328,0.00002013644,0.6068649,0.3927873,0.00000924355,0.000001460141,0.0001278628],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001860756,0.00002326487,0.001497589,0.00001553953,0.00001080006,0.000009986646,0.00001472337,0.9501187,0.04796633,0.00001532837,0.00000643095,0.0001352148],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9038922,0.0000861715,0.09548804,0.00001351818,0.0001283298,0.0001798929,0.000002645537,0.0001708644,0.00003839631],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9445841,0.00004598694,0.05526548,0.000008756689,0.00003918529,0.00001519522,0.000006666182,0.00002691274,0.000007780283],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.344821,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.534125,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2047512321","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2005.07.006","title":"The effectiveness of constructed wetland for treatment of woodwaste leachate","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecological Engineering","topic":"Constructed Wetlands for Wastewater Treatment","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":63,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Leachate; Environmental science; Wetland; Typha; Constructed wetland; Tannin; Nutrient; Environmental engineering; Hydraulic retention time; Chemical oxygen demand; Environmental chemistry; Sewage treatment; Ecology; Chemistry; Biology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.006091996445013696,"gpt":0.1999811261651261,"spread":0.1938891297201124,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001667471,0.0001234483,0.0002247033,0.00001737505,0.00005028242,0.000005830438,0.0001031275,0.00004992808,0.0001000447],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005095618,0.00007162254,0.00009015955,0.00008165883,0.0001522622,0.00003656083,0.00004284418,0.00002163609,0.000007005006],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001636634,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000005231676,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001256708,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002136125,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993094,0.00003490959,0.0002099976,0.0001515892,0.00008661989,0.0002074537],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999056,0.0006847517,0.00005989273,0.0001451606,0.000007820877,0.00004640442],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008542281,0.0008302335,0.1797312,0.0001281842,0.0004326848,0.000008197526,0.0002912064,0.2608319,0.4440796,0.003615806,0.00002822602,0.1091685],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004560824,0.00204373,0.4532642,0.00004328305,0.00009896226,0.0000304178,0.00005336682,0.02063305,0.5125722,0.0003721547,0.006030569,0.0002973079],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9978455,0.0000516587,0.001118389,0.00002833662,0.00008315739,0.0004748595,0.00001549404,0.00002706522,0.0003555],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.996861,0.00001966671,0.002957298,0.000001109528,0.00001626108,0.00009461694,0.000005362356,0.00000766085,0.00003703605],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.273533,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2920682,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2150168152","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2014.11.005","title":"Pollutant removal efficiency of native versus exotic common reed (Phragmites australis) in North American treatment wetlands","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecological Engineering","topic":"Constructed Wetlands for Wastewater Treatment","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":62,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal","funders":"Fonds de recherche du Québec – Nature et technologies; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Fonds Québécois de la Recherche sur la Nature et les Technologies","keywords":"Phragmites; Wetland; Environmental science; Pollutant; Constructed wetland; Environmental engineering; Ecology; Biology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01252138203413883,"gpt":0.2115731640447377,"spread":0.1990517820105989,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001028204,0.0002188996,0.0003663962,0.0000811792,0.00003640659,0.00001019731,0.0001759147,0.00004590515,0.0001738076],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008576111,0.0001625745,0.0000755583,0.0004992308,0.0001604063,0.00005868742,0.0001004482,0.0001073561,0.00002665338],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005372975,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006366944,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003975327,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003778149,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987683,0.00004722648,0.0003082427,0.000308097,0.0001869312,0.0003811708],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993449,0.0002440144,0.00009082561,0.0002056808,0.000003961687,0.0001105896],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002072205,0.000586255,0.7853009,0.00001039251,0.00005903747,0.0001754618,0.0005381457,0.1935129,0.003935895,0.0001660066,0.000003753704,0.01550407],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001690105,0.001732898,0.9646456,0.000008806354,0.00002449318,0.00002237233,0.00005909061,0.02958567,0.001763488,0.00001072932,0.0002419155,0.0002148554],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9984741,0.00000521301,0.00006880771,0.00004552669,0.0001086926,0.0002078224,0.00001143018,0.00005959226,0.001018833],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982178,0.000007120378,0.001675218,0.000007419413,0.0000173361,0.00002276427,0.000009247106,0.00001139025,0.00003175181],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1793447,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6629598,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W235000712","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2015.04.104","title":"Marine silviculture: Incorporating ecosystem engineering properties into reef restoration acts","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecological Engineering","topic":"Coral and Marine Ecosystems Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":60,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Rimouski","funders":"","keywords":"Pocillopora damicornis; Stylophora pistillata; Biology; Coral; Reef; Transplantation; Coral reef; Ecology; Survivorship curve","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01774079430677294,"gpt":0.1801207665964585,"spread":0.1623799722896855,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003833672,0.000238889,0.0002707899,0.00003879159,0.0001035676,0.00005804156,0.0001613731,0.0001080838,0.00009492046],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006022726,0.0001768091,0.00005101697,0.0002773001,0.00001853713,0.0003373428,0.0007066292,0.0002059257,0.00028673],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004880458,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001079457,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001037536,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004244341,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998729,0.00002634858,0.0003346379,0.0003228969,0.0002626615,0.0003244371],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994786,0.00004062565,0.00008391739,0.000170925,0.00002740383,0.0001985573],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009394444,0.0003723052,0.1193658,0.0005291517,0.0001297133,0.0003104063,0.002107131,0.7588158,0.1005519,0.004302775,0.007552612,0.005868483],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001319305,0.0008863107,0.275277,0.0001848813,0.00004870232,0.000137769,0.0004431535,0.5777721,0.004177468,0.0004267506,0.1376299,0.001696758],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.994193,0.00007172464,0.0007896616,0.0003464587,0.0006244644,0.0003476562,0.000001057467,0.000435277,0.003190728],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9943727,0.000005101096,0.004900882,0.00003267157,0.0002117227,0.0001053488,0.000007580493,0.00001920079,0.0003448047],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1810437,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7210064,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1987988006","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2011.06.022","title":"Abiotic influences on dissolved oxygen in a riverine environment","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecological Engineering","topic":"Hydrological Forecasting Using AI","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":59,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Periphyton; Macrophyte; Abiotic component; Environmental science; Biomass (ecology); Nutrient; Hydrology (agriculture); Linear regression; Ecology; Multilayer perceptron; Effluent; Environmental engineering; Artificial neural network; Computer science; Mathematics; Statistics; Biology; Machine learning; Engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0200143099645987,"gpt":0.1869249219037794,"spread":0.1669106119391807,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002059075,0.0001661848,0.0001717715,0.00003650135,0.00004027407,0.000008528757,0.0002401717,0.0001072652,0.005204367],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001633846,0.0001283077,0.0000443011,0.0001477049,0.0001011611,0.00006885365,0.0002032168,0.0002268782,0.001157305],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001985165,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000001524311,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005528309,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000009491145,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988608,0.00002578327,0.0002118026,0.0003411489,0.0001632788,0.0003971995],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996107,0.00007634996,0.00003415319,0.000161097,8.494776e-7,0.000116898],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004122764,0.0005735796,0.1241774,0.000007841995,0.00001016459,0.0002241209,0.0005538489,0.8617185,0.009900847,0.0003028613,0.00003798621,0.002451639],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001847609,0.0003390576,0.9546296,0.00001140901,0.000003143203,0.000004055387,0.000003073992,0.04296648,0.0004844729,0.0003277467,0.0008513312,0.0001948545],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9947148,0.000005601562,0.0001536976,0.00006294032,0.00007147044,0.0001355851,9.376312e-7,0.0001082766,0.004746716],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9960108,0.000005815953,0.003713778,0.000160025,0.00001553811,0.00002332514,0.000001046818,0.00001013456,0.00005954358],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8304523,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996204,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2228254392","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2015.12.039","title":"Effects of benthic-feeding common carp and filter-feeding silver carp on benthic-pelagic coupling: Implications for shallow lake management","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecological Engineering","topic":"Fish Ecology and Management Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":58,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China; Jinan University; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Benthic zone; Pelagic zone; Fishery; Carp; Environmental science; Oceanography; Fish <Actinopterygii>; Biology; Geology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01018375771058072,"gpt":0.2137532830444797,"spread":0.203569525333899,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000252341,0.0001823167,0.0002495723,0.00005942321,0.0001860662,0.00001250721,0.0001896552,0.0001087283,0.0001526227],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001401637,0.0001360998,0.00006461461,0.0001042801,0.00009983894,0.0001017018,0.0003934896,0.000101467,0.00001569156],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001066269,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000001071829,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000002268263,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001054343,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989474,0.000008918294,0.0002236861,0.0003605016,0.0001037229,0.0003557319],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989984,0.0007112955,0.00007171164,0.0001386199,0.000007905093,0.00007205981],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001308015,0.0009153104,0.8050919,0.001309356,0.0006806451,0.00004101235,0.0005255851,0.04885091,0.03864463,0.08858635,0.009684168,0.005539367],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006599183,0.0002700246,0.9926442,0.00007259761,0.00007202286,9.688017e-7,0.00002776595,0.002164495,0.0009511415,0.0005705254,0.002367956,0.0001984004],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9891376,0.00003770048,0.003426624,0.001918522,0.0002968227,0.0009585345,0.0000182813,0.0001238496,0.004082026],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9981582,0.000129392,0.0009380142,0.0001889328,0.0000347284,0.0002819326,0.000003817357,0.00001413761,0.0002508312],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1875523,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5549991,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2095433703","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2010.06.007","title":"Effects of plant diversity on biomass production and substrate nitrogen in a subsurface vertical flow constructed wetland","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecological Engineering","topic":"Constructed Wetlands for Wastewater Treatment","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":55,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Species richness; Biomass (ecology); Wetland; Biodiversity; Environmental science; Monoculture; Plant community; Agronomy; Substrate (aquarium); Nitrate; Ecosystem; Constructed wetland; Species diversity; Wastewater; Ecology; Environmental engineering; Biology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.003804053779755663,"gpt":0.1599726732960811,"spread":0.1561686195163255,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007951131,0.0001185836,0.0001546198,0.00003968857,0.00004374239,0.000007260244,0.00007255849,0.0000899789,0.00009577396],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001130128,0.00009381348,0.00002226028,0.0001228915,0.0001131823,0.00005349826,0.0001620134,0.0001646993,0.0000103889],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005180316,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000003258381,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007442431,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002847612,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999306,0.00001712719,0.0001249016,0.0002368656,0.0001159439,0.0001992039],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997122,0.00009798659,0.0000175903,0.00008758804,0.000002970401,0.00008171311],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004163114,0.00009127253,0.7082828,0.00001901807,0.00001219757,0.00005023703,0.00006404126,0.001782182,0.2894453,0.0000291625,0.000003531899,0.0001787335],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004896139,0.0001178467,0.8243756,0.0000130637,0.0000125758,0.00002948484,0.000005807673,0.005465179,0.1692901,0.0000925564,0.000006618464,0.0001015708],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.999447,0.000004432418,0.00001369408,0.00003230361,0.0001793455,0.000237241,0.000007278038,0.00003834342,0.00004028856],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989448,0.000003058645,0.001021379,0.000002888228,0.000009082966,0.000008125994,0.000004301308,0.000004535903,0.000001831151],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1201552,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3825603,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2803724736","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2018.04.021","title":"A modified FAO evapotranspiration model for refined water budget analysis for Green Roof systems","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecological Engineering","topic":"Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":54,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph; University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Green roof; Evapotranspiration; Environmental science; Lysimeter; Surface runoff; Stormwater; Advection; Hydrology (agriculture); Meteorology; Atmospheric sciences; Soil science; Soil water; Roof; Geography","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01754593147182215,"gpt":0.2066405544521581,"spread":0.189094622980336,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000206244,0.0001054847,0.0001655479,0.00005003356,0.0000879641,0.00002488801,0.0001098343,0.0001086432,0.00004532551],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001529815,0.00007373621,0.0001036216,0.0001213386,0.00002094883,0.0000914631,0.00002787139,0.00004369699,0.00001643555],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009114631,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000001962635,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003138478,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001037968,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992341,0.000006719693,0.0001917373,0.0002215477,0.00008896099,0.0002569538],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997589,0.00003617067,0.0000234652,0.0001134292,0.00001335004,0.00005466981],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001489679,0.00001852156,0.0002785927,0.000009257298,0.00004450274,3.014299e-7,0.00006396074,0.9921797,0.006835821,0.0004753838,0.00001203508,0.00006704409],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002347917,0.00009699423,0.001307146,0.000001762889,0.00009614583,6.564657e-7,9.343592e-7,0.9970774,0.0001992776,0.0002416411,0.0006153613,0.0001278729],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4190446,0.000002158552,0.5802812,0.00005823299,0.00005177408,0.0002662948,0.00003855259,0.00005075673,0.0002064519],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9935815,7.635349e-7,0.004954675,0.00003344095,0.00004712616,0.0002395709,0.000114642,0.000009399385,0.001018929],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5753265,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3006876,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2804708227","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2018.05.012","title":"Restoring a degraded marsh using thin layer sediment placement: Short term effects on soil physical and biogeochemical properties","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecological Engineering","topic":"Coastal wetland ecosystem dynamics","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":51,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Engineer Research and Development Center; Bayer Canada; U.S. Army Corps of Engineers; Nature Conservancy","keywords":"Marsh; Environmental science; Spartina alterniflora; Wetland; Sediment; Soil water; Salt marsh; Biogeochemical cycle; Vegetation (pathology); Nutrient; Hydrology (agriculture); Soil science; Geology; Ecology; Oceanography; Geomorphology; Geotechnical engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01549058713349894,"gpt":0.2086134988719098,"spread":0.1931229117384108,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001581983,0.0002105284,0.0002119364,0.00003072487,0.0001121813,0.00004018843,0.0001260439,0.00009395616,0.00005565858],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006084978,0.0001599244,0.00004570414,0.0001067506,0.00006665944,0.00009219308,0.0003772014,0.0001791733,0.00005741935],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003537577,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004067766,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002368992,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002728357,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988309,0.00002323706,0.0001414364,0.0003693839,0.0002385527,0.0003964759],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995899,0.00008274712,0.000023401,0.0001583168,0.000004164948,0.0001415303],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007841871,0.0002215255,0.03751488,0.0001103098,0.00003673145,0.00004963384,0.0004841198,0.03466156,0.9255126,0.00004527943,0.0001153545,0.001169577],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005013642,0.0006965561,0.07102807,0.0001596791,0.00003380781,0.00002757083,0.00003342378,0.8131153,0.1134663,0.00003173383,0.0003799827,0.0005262094],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9987697,0.00001090092,0.000231616,0.00004940692,0.0001817773,0.0002525547,0.000002399948,0.0001137317,0.0003879236],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990888,0.000001847398,0.0005539838,0.0000433215,0.0002207299,0.00003202628,0.000002600444,0.00001869751,0.00003796941],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8120463,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6521529,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1964437380","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2013.06.041","title":"Long-term denitrification rates in created riverine wetlands and their relationship with environmental factors","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecological Engineering","topic":"Constructed Wetlands for Wastewater Treatment","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":49,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Trent University","funders":"U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","keywords":"Denitrification; Wetland; Environmental science; Hydrology (agriculture); Nitrate; Vegetation (pathology); Productivity; Water quality; Ecology; Nitrogen; Chemistry; Geology; Biology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.007274947365987498,"gpt":0.1739045354430065,"spread":0.166629588077019,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000373095,0.0001565867,0.0001242894,0.00004439851,0.00004864587,0.00002817033,0.00006983821,0.00006658526,0.001056144],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001589799,0.00009938626,0.0000166201,0.0001101002,0.00006954926,0.0001752304,0.00006497395,0.0001132173,0.00005749186],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001615315,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000001608475,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004953561,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006158273,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993489,0.00001688453,0.0001384867,0.0002264069,0.0000684127,0.000200896],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996762,0.000102818,0.00002931605,0.0001043747,0.000001184061,0.00008609134],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005428008,0.00004831285,0.9900737,0.000002384423,0.000007317722,0.000006241379,0.0001159842,0.00239902,0.00681859,0.000008217126,0.000001248909,0.0005135654],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004460345,0.00009433161,0.9937316,0.000006939574,0.000004963627,0.00001641426,0.00004413008,0.003316454,0.002171809,0.00002481407,0.000009925306,0.0001326136],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9992781,0.00001484222,0.0001977521,0.00003497189,0.00001563148,0.0002805897,0.000003854223,0.00005307817,0.0001211915],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993175,0.000009940469,0.0004668183,0.000004520517,0.000005378145,0.00005953884,0.00005972811,0.000009911892,0.00006665986],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.00464678,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999857,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2129150719","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2013.02.017","title":"Effect of plant species on sludge dewatering and fate of pollutants in sludge treatment wetlands","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecological Engineering","topic":"Constructed Wetlands for Wastewater Treatment","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":48,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal; Université de Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Pollutant; Phragmites; Environmental science; Effluent; Pulp and paper industry; Dewatering; Sewage treatment; Wetland; Environmental chemistry; Environmental engineering; Chemistry; Ecology; Biology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.006046110465056087,"gpt":0.1846668981909931,"spread":0.178620787725937,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008593945,0.0001773442,0.0003112049,0.00006654827,0.00001786231,0.000008501161,0.00007765168,0.00006236527,0.0005051757],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002259756,0.0001123763,0.00004308682,0.00009529984,0.00005648599,0.00005860703,0.00009446299,0.00005541153,0.00002419928],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001625093,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000001714211,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001331184,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003497951,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991888,0.00002679171,0.0002324162,0.0002015788,0.0001060837,0.0002443485],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996226,0.0001427442,0.00004517345,0.0001187085,0.000001567505,0.00006924252],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009910026,0.0001780923,0.6680052,0.00005865703,0.00004660761,0.00005083577,0.0003047277,0.01796103,0.3004194,0.00003990802,0.000005847457,0.01283048],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001029977,0.001780257,0.8324817,0.00003516905,0.00001188599,0.00001226995,0.00001163383,0.003636377,0.1608079,0.00001180813,0.00006217795,0.0001188053],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9990209,0.00001159062,0.000008769963,0.00001926922,0.0000536859,0.0003217824,0.00003077534,0.00002376341,0.0005094276],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996225,0.00002129417,0.000244938,0.000003629505,0.000006685366,0.0000431746,0.000003967742,0.00000825474,0.00004554249],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1644765,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5531319,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2040141482","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2005.10.006","title":"Performance evaluation and effects of hydraulic retention time and mass loading rate on treatment of woodwaste leachate in surface-flow constructed wetlands","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecological Engineering","topic":"Constructed Wetlands for Wastewater Treatment","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":48,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Hydraulic retention time; Leachate; Chemical oxygen demand; Environmental science; Mesocosm; Biomass (ecology); Environmental engineering; Wetland; Water retention; Environmental chemistry; Subsurface flow; Chemistry; Pulp and paper industry; Nutrient; Wastewater; Soil science; Ecology; Soil water; Groundwater; Geology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.005378119555689398,"gpt":0.181293082626085,"spread":0.1759149630703956,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001566336,0.0001460822,0.000235183,0.00005519862,0.00002336958,0.00000701541,0.0000314824,0.00006587533,0.00008039614],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001915731,0.0001120452,0.00002487816,0.0001239733,0.00006686072,0.00007457207,0.00002686322,0.0000425715,0.000005033899],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001900918,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000003539039,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000405395,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001289572,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992244,0.0000453445,0.0002227995,0.0002132282,0.0001261993,0.0001680412],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996862,0.0001161622,0.00007133911,0.00008423736,0.000005695703,0.00003639559],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005006321,0.0001036525,0.3213712,0.00004263511,0.00002047594,0.000008981861,0.0000766181,0.3237077,0.3442184,0.000006639599,0.000001077821,0.01039258],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001240326,0.0004823713,0.5196944,0.00004237196,0.00002279677,0.000004688788,0.000003054751,0.4278103,0.05060425,0.00001941368,0.000003381359,0.00007260811],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9992173,0.0000470808,0.00002051696,0.0000115319,0.00004109235,0.0003803351,0.000003609558,0.00002000866,0.0002584717],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987558,0.00004219929,0.001125614,0.000001288607,0.000005622258,0.00001632505,0.0000150993,0.000006813542,0.00003126598],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2936141,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4569072,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1983893851","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2010.06.008","title":"Ecological re-engineering of a freshwater impoundment for salt marsh restoration in a hypertidal system","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecological Engineering","topic":"Coastal wetland ecosystem dynamics","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":48,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"CB Wetlands & Environmental Specialists; Saint Mary's University","funders":"","keywords":"Marsh; Salt marsh; Environmental science; Wetland; Hydrology (agriculture); Spartina; Bay; Geology; Ecology; Restoration ecology; Oceanography; Biology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.005830213009227513,"gpt":0.1836458404209752,"spread":0.1778156274117477,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004956678,0.0001713392,0.0002848243,0.00006586836,0.0000354233,0.00002204879,0.0001998427,0.000203877,0.0002720809],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002443547,0.0001416296,0.00007971341,0.0001622596,0.00002238351,0.0001148822,0.0001836055,0.0002465376,0.00003112487],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003393287,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006843764,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008174978,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003500416,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987174,0.0000152184,0.000427014,0.0002920299,0.0001578363,0.0003905436],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994513,0.0001907901,0.00006663564,0.000183136,0.000008705863,0.00009942336],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007938535,0.0003122492,0.06028388,0.0003068247,0.00001795175,0.00005013789,0.000167752,0.6231662,0.3131671,0.001902197,0.000201038,0.0003452952],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005028972,0.0002230342,0.156605,0.00003060418,0.000007541416,0.00001871158,0.00003461613,0.8397085,0.0009252743,0.00003001583,0.001683612,0.000230189],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9946828,0.000003925923,0.003898577,0.00006808169,0.0004774833,0.0005082578,0.00001789353,0.0001112415,0.0002316727],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9896263,9.902061e-7,0.01005064,0.00001157305,0.00005983913,0.0001847746,0.00001197281,0.00001784105,0.00003600401],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3122418,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5775489,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2189508363","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2007.05.001","title":"Peat bog restoration: Effect of phosphorus on plant re-establishment","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecological Engineering","topic":"Peatlands and Wetlands Ecology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":47,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université Laval; Center for Northern Studies","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Peat; Human fertilization; Bog; Phosphorus; Nutrient; Environmental science; Vegetation (pathology); Restoration ecology; Agronomy; Biology; Ecology; Botany; Chemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.006126657693611997,"gpt":0.2049653170210369,"spread":0.1988386593274249,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005879704,0.0001206189,0.000188649,0.00003234918,0.00004320446,0.000008223744,0.0001247782,0.0001034001,0.0008309286],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001442987,0.00008626789,0.00004651502,0.0001238073,0.00003347554,0.00004954816,0.00007868897,0.0001352145,0.00008388727],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001540857,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000002178194,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002349176,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004369202,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991426,0.00001922524,0.0001962867,0.0001961578,0.0001584184,0.0002873054],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993958,0.0003336751,0.00004346049,0.0001319313,0.000002491436,0.00009265519],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001010049,0.0008400638,0.7418475,0.00006522206,0.00006717427,0.0007519294,0.0003605298,0.1876825,0.02425553,0.001786953,0.02567435,0.01565822],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008479762,0.002550576,0.941847,0.00001468394,0.00001149228,0.00001245305,0.00000835624,0.003866218,0.01455573,0.00002556018,0.03604953,0.0002104589],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9878882,0.00002759839,0.000529478,0.00008967982,0.0002491375,0.000154048,0.000003734525,0.00005569301,0.01100239],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993935,0.0000150745,0.0002887759,0.00008521107,0.00005352123,0.0000126181,0.00001247659,0.0000063548,0.0001324685],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1999995,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9098085,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2460290229","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2016.06.047","title":"Effects of plant diversity and sand particle size on methane emission and nitrogen removal in microcosms of constructed wetlands","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecological Engineering","topic":"Constructed Wetlands for Wastewater Treatment","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":46,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Microcosm; Constructed wetland; Environmental science; Environmental chemistry; Monoculture; Nitrogen; Wetland; Species richness; Ecology; Environmental engineering; Chemistry; Sewage treatment; Biology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.004424881891593659,"gpt":0.1681676436524643,"spread":0.1637427617608707,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007414421,0.0000851873,0.000170533,0.00001881216,0.00002545278,0.000001615907,0.00004614978,0.00005177514,0.00006751734],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001030893,0.00005203954,0.00001690784,0.0000617863,0.00009144817,0.00003386552,0.000295563,0.00003824821,9.330682e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004244399,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000001667874,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003075794,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000006163309,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994857,0.00002048587,0.000124526,0.0001520158,0.00008011782,0.0001372024],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994553,0.000382299,0.00003439549,0.00005561737,0.000002025531,0.00007030448],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005441076,0.00003433138,0.4881111,0.00001562023,0.000008471775,0.00003029685,0.00006917514,0.00003365379,0.5102587,0.00001148238,0.00000136055,0.0013714],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001244138,0.0001734828,0.5867039,0.00004332783,0.00001046573,0.00002409106,0.000006672422,0.0002448739,0.4113853,0.00009955936,0.000007303684,0.00005684921],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9997271,0.00002282012,0.00001852765,0.00002221,0.00001875305,0.0001360742,0.000009683701,0.00001243589,0.00003241542],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992043,0.00002251803,0.0007532259,0.000004065287,0.000002476805,0.000003052726,5.319437e-7,0.000002872043,0.000006982669],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.09887341,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2122111,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2010856419","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2014.10.026","title":"Low levels organic amendments improve fertility and plant cover on non-acid generating gold mine tailings","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecological Engineering","topic":"Heavy metals in environment","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":45,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"","keywords":"Amendment; Tailings; Revegetation; Environmental science; Agronomy; Fertilizer; Nutrient; Soil conditioner; Vegetation (pathology); Soil fertility; Biology; Soil water; Chemistry; Ecology; Land reclamation; Law","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008446834201613278,"gpt":0.1896279602905041,"spread":0.1811811260888908,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004126287,0.0002267652,0.0002380264,0.00001842118,0.00006942082,0.00002964546,0.0001596302,0.0001207466,0.001512785],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002792612,0.0001884597,0.0000380214,0.00007147415,0.00006949677,0.0000973532,0.0002783246,0.0002281662,0.0004057166],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000269299,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000002528299,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008952585,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003662,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998567,0.00003376237,0.000264747,0.0004745181,0.0002431673,0.0004167896],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994084,0.0001179114,0.00005211584,0.0002355033,0.000001722707,0.0001843153],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007028067,0.0001073617,0.002478133,0.00001356224,0.00000792574,0.000005925785,0.00004649464,0.04835081,0.9475146,0.000008118852,0.00005000285,0.001410055],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006012684,0.0005137803,0.3729742,0.00002079926,0.00001285717,0.000004612864,0.000007663377,0.3414024,0.2821468,0.00002363129,0.00185334,0.000438668],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9924071,0.000007891752,0.006537972,0.00005201664,0.0002112984,0.0002179413,0.000008421299,0.00006044921,0.0004968559],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9942532,0.000003927908,0.005032518,0.0003640061,0.00005314572,0.00003182788,0.000004419691,0.00002041694,0.0002364953],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6653678,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9994,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2152558462","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2013.12.024","title":"Assessment of effects of two runoff control engineering practices on soil water and plant growth for afforestation in a semi-arid area after 10 years","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecological Engineering","topic":"Soil erosion and sediment transport","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":43,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick; Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Environmental science; Surface runoff; Afforestation; Evapotranspiration; Arid; Hydrology (agriculture); Soil water; Vegetation (pathology); Erosion control; Water storage; Agroforestry; Soil conservation; Water content; Water balance; Erosion; Soil science; Agriculture; Geography; Ecology; Geology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.006621181994215435,"gpt":0.2041394852941382,"spread":0.1975183032999227,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002443742,0.00009618118,0.0002015604,0.00002424267,0.00001139128,0.000009297099,0.00005441405,0.00006460278,0.00002803737],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001172322,0.00003936769,0.00004308221,0.00005213309,0.00001073533,0.0000532295,0.0000110128,0.00007303437,4.459982e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001351876,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000183991,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001567934,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003138095,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994007,0.00001649184,0.0001678615,0.0001470898,0.0001022043,0.000165594],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991002,0.000754179,0.00005938631,0.00002379038,0.00001868919,0.00004376542],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002053574,0.0003412923,0.05659799,0.000353176,0.00003491615,0.0000151713,0.0001146983,0.05006124,0.8894733,0.001292906,0.00001718431,0.001492723],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007675053,0.0007025503,0.8985007,0.00006538214,0.00001365991,6.770063e-7,0.000007512395,0.08836677,0.0112688,0.00001989594,0.0001844292,0.0001021291],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9990621,0.00001428132,0.0004492949,0.00009114918,0.00006634912,0.0002657409,0.00000867003,0.00002386152,0.000018577],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995427,0.000008595532,0.0002267771,0.00003816548,0.00003159784,0.000122153,0.00002360812,0.000001303519,0.000005101547],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8782045,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1605368,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}