{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":32,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":32,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12"},"query_hash":"63198c83fa6a","filters":{"venue":"Ecological Processes"}},"results":[{"id":"W2096540870","doi":"10.1186/2192-1709-2-22","title":"Adopting novel ecosystems as suitable rehabilitation alternatives for former mine sites","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecological Processes","topic":"Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":122,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Queensland","keywords":"Ecosystem; Landform; Disturbance (geology); Novel ecosystem; Limiting; Environmental resource management; Ecology; Environmental science; Geography; Biology; Engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0178308853822215,"gpt":0.2619415324973259,"spread":0.2441106471151044,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002545661,0.0001187651,0.0001646525,0.0000220503,0.0003119813,0.00003540005,0.0001427848,0.00008732752,0.001833291],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003123794,0.00008855069,0.00003818957,0.0001479559,0.0001545087,0.0004623121,0.0000968663,0.00006881713,0.0006155453],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007332677,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001338208,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005363825,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009553428,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990777,0.00002223877,0.0002362531,0.0002889795,0.00009724489,0.0002775374],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980637,0.001612347,0.00012669,0.00006903895,0.00007961834,0.00004860949],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004201309,0.0007471306,0.9726281,0.0004624019,0.00006283365,9.892813e-7,0.001795144,0.003894961,0.005924914,0.003085308,0.01003085,0.001325379],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001285061,0.002190662,0.921077,0.00003940368,0.00003730895,0.000009112,0.002602041,0.0139871,0.0009119693,0.03918795,0.01807943,0.0005929836],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9867331,0.00006884559,0.001929509,0.001291256,0.00008399437,0.0007659821,0.000007689887,0.00005915372,0.009060477],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9807248,0.00001468602,0.01551103,0.000313994,0.00003781601,0.000820193,0.00001888115,0.000007453651,0.002551163],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0515511,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9990792,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2963057188","doi":"10.1186/s13717-019-0181-9","title":"Two decades of variable retention in British Columbia: a review of its implementation and effectiveness for biodiversity conservation","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Ecological Processes","topic":"Lichen and fungal ecology","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":78,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Ministry of Forests; University of British Columbia; Western Forest Products; Vancouver Island University","funders":"Ministry of Forests, Lands and Natural Resource Operations; Weyerhaeuser Company","keywords":"Biodiversity; Biodiversity conservation; Geography; Variable (mathematics); Agroforestry; Natural resource economics; Environmental science; Ecology; Economics; Mathematics; Biology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0710473544202333,"gpt":0.3245109107404453,"spread":0.253463556320212,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009449671,0.0001089454,0.001053132,0.00001317479,0.00007096526,0.00002742883,0.0001443557,0.000216889,0.0003551576],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008883445,0.00006675767,0.0001057781,0.0004860416,0.0000566593,0.0001133903,0.00007971659,0.0001060341,0.000002114316],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003964275,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007866459,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001464693,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01881413,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986243,0.000313033,0.0005026745,0.0003210115,0.00008376796,0.0001551911],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9973742,0.001764212,0.0005244528,0.00002756424,0.0002822073,0.00002734322],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"systematic_review","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002070382,0.0003197702,0.04235139,0.5802847,0.00007383112,0.00000186525,0.000007343607,1.554114e-7,0.0001113106,0.00008379105,0.0007856694,0.3759595],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001833851,0.004045342,0.3149505,0.1240701,0.001755144,0.00004277702,0.0002919623,0.000004640745,0.00006150667,0.00177708,0.550178,0.0009890363],"study_design_candidate":"systematic_review","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.04174385,0.9550736,0.000002226036,0.00003037309,0.00005637708,0.002490717,0.0005552359,0.00001076801,0.00003684798],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0033054,0.9956979,0.00005971847,0.00008863844,0.00001743194,0.0002218475,0.0005883951,7.317441e-7,0.00001997682],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5493923,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99909,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2161473851","doi":"10.1186/2192-1709-2-4","title":"Cultural and health implications of fish advisories in a Native American community","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecological Processes","topic":"Indigenous Studies and Ecology","field":"Health Professions","cited_by":66,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; Brown University; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Fishing; Fish <Actinopterygii>; Fish consumption; Quarter (Canadian coin); Unintended consequences; Environmental health; Consumption (sociology); Geography; Socioeconomics; Fishery; Political science; Medicine; Sociology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1319041874492009,"gpt":0.450028576923626,"spread":0.3181243894744251,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000454066,0.00009191766,0.0003669546,0.00004087528,0.002164594,0.000004335946,0.0001317111,0.00007066799,0.0002406899],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009589773,0.00006346918,0.00001444193,0.0003255821,0.0003627573,0.00009241118,0.0002310976,0.0004927383,0.00001995859],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001509425,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002955736,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01780591,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.1961979,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985357,0.0003975595,0.000379908,0.0001256057,0.00004414662,0.0005170705],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981394,0.000988197,0.0002767225,0.00009998294,0.0004307903,0.00006493486],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001400841,0.0004493631,0.8960277,0.0006390639,0.00001958389,2.719595e-7,0.08152881,0.000003104364,0.000009189854,0.001552135,0.01795032,0.001806492],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001892267,0.0005221782,0.8833236,0.00001982912,0.000001940767,5.61303e-7,0.1115277,0.000002447984,0.000002399004,0.002772567,0.00157699,0.00006065993],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9681031,0.0001284988,0.000006373275,0.02278677,0.00003359112,0.0009249499,0.00002170314,0.00003371183,0.007961339],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9927875,0.0006953509,0.0001645528,0.005461651,0.00002371083,0.00072382,0.00001278635,0.000004578728,0.0001260766],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.178392,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9991345,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4206907315","doi":"10.1186/s13717-021-00349-7","title":"Heat and drought impact on carbon exchange in an age-sequence of temperate pine forests","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecological Processes","topic":"Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":66,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Wilfrid Laurier University; University of Calgary; University of Waterloo; McMaster University","funders":"Canadian Forest Service; Ontario Ministry of Research and Innovation; Global Water Futures; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of British Columbia; Environment and Climate Change Canada; Natural Resources Canada; Ministry of Environment; Ontario Innovation Trust; Ministère de l’Environnement, de la Protection de la nature et des Parcs; Canadian Foundation for Climate and Atmospheric Sciences; BIOCAP Canada; Ministry of Natural Resources; U.S. Forest Service; McMaster University; Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry","keywords":"Eddy covariance; Temperate climate; Ecosystem; Carbon sequestration; Environmental science; Primary production; Ecosystem respiration; Temperate rainforest; Productivity; Growing season; Geography; Forestry; Ecology; Biology; Carbon dioxide","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01979382653363301,"gpt":0.2559353071078652,"spread":0.2361414805742322,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001501922,0.00008485328,0.0001231826,0.00003208475,0.00006790108,0.00001131769,0.000121644,0.00003444664,0.0005115715],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002940806,0.00006002513,0.00001249389,0.0002581735,0.00008405073,0.00008904453,0.0001366862,0.0001197402,0.000002190867],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001129908,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001146593,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002156226,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001442501,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993236,0.00005340032,0.000122927,0.0002038383,0.0001417246,0.00015449],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998026,0.00004411325,0.00002269318,0.00007913361,0.000003620465,0.00004779153],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007695922,0.000399465,0.9039447,0.00003253312,0.000003293539,0.00009438339,0.0004046094,0.08716328,0.007239452,0.00002988764,0.00001642717,0.0005950666],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003176836,0.001673891,0.9567699,0.000008951015,0.000004800188,0.00002424529,0.00004115906,0.03873258,0.0004009578,0.001703632,0.0001489278,0.0001732572],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9979174,0.0000466057,0.000001771268,0.0000788384,0.00002018365,0.0001360785,0.00002948328,0.00001501922,0.00175466],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996828,0.00004315488,0.00003662679,0.00007489749,0.000005543314,0.00004600551,0.00002636607,0.000004241891,0.00008033147],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.05282526,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5601349,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1983442476","doi":"10.1186/2192-1709-2-26","title":"Using strategically applied grazing to manage invasive alien plants in novel grasslands","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecological Processes","topic":"Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":65,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Grazing; Agroforestry; Grassland; Edaphic; Grazing pressure; Ecology; Conservation grazing; Overgrazing; Ecosystem; Introduced species; Invasive species; Livestock; Geography; Environmental resource management; Biology; Environmental science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03524416795577311,"gpt":0.2571064768350519,"spread":0.2218623088792788,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001364329,0.0001361446,0.000186279,0.00004500708,0.0001663754,0.0000373776,0.0002133297,0.0001044847,0.000965873],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001939688,0.000105161,0.00001625881,0.0003102338,0.0001195838,0.0001666766,0.0002443971,0.0001275063,0.0006178457],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001119314,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002052439,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006040427,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003779152,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989694,0.00001737854,0.0002170368,0.0003416861,0.000118899,0.0003355364],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995484,0.0002167209,0.00006446375,0.00007522841,0.00001330061,0.0000819273],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000539164,0.0009659056,0.8965344,0.0001157212,0.00003782793,0.00005241255,0.002073709,0.06305537,0.03382057,0.00190829,0.000328175,0.001053751],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003184209,0.0000992358,0.9860645,0.00001069799,0.000004469761,0.000004458081,0.0004659439,0.001121257,0.0003692549,0.01125614,0.00007448126,0.0002111327],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9577377,0.000009269402,0.0009596767,0.00024536,0.0000366258,0.000415406,0.000003024532,0.00003731891,0.04055555],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9952376,0.00001496553,0.003564488,0.0008867635,0.00001348719,0.0001365559,0.000004343634,0.000006131889,0.0001356938],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.08953016,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999474,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2801402948","doi":"10.1186/s13717-018-0124-x","title":"Does adaptation to climate change and variability provide household food security? Evidence from Muger sub-basin of the upper Blue-Nile, Ethiopia","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecological Processes","topic":"Agricultural risk and resilience","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":57,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Addis Ababa University; Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst; International Development Research Centre","keywords":"Food security; Livelihood; Diversification (marketing strategy); Agriculture; Geography; Structural basin; Climate change; Adaptation (eye); Irrigation; Adaptive capacity; Agricultural diversification; Household income; Socioeconomics; Agricultural economics; Business; Economics; Ecology; Biology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04220592423399522,"gpt":0.235455465732779,"spread":0.1932495414987837,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003775018,0.0001787753,0.000232239,0.000006647861,0.0003628247,0.00008154767,0.000402427,0.0001815448,0.00008109184],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001626051,0.00003948772,0.0000578971,0.0005038377,0.0003986228,0.0004150254,0.0003002798,0.0001579246,0.000009588584],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002180701,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001777733,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003878119,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006377057,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984367,0.0001928038,0.0002771363,0.0005136376,0.0002643591,0.0003153067],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984083,0.0009881393,0.0001609423,0.00008834934,0.0002484175,0.0001058084],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004084918,0.0006783308,0.8665217,0.0003087798,0.00002878752,0.000002777932,0.006717478,0.00001736364,0.09746337,0.0006194277,0.0004165626,0.0268169],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00005438601,0.0008649805,0.9621885,0.0001338006,0.0000180187,0.00000108284,0.0005776143,0.00002033067,0.03223761,0.00301268,0.0007234801,0.0001674873],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9944083,0.0001803227,0.000006752779,0.004323031,0.0001705737,0.0006978284,0.0001091101,0.00006491777,0.00003918254],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984277,0.0003424907,0.0001248039,0.0005941134,0.0003854896,0.00009547154,0.000004908591,0.000001013782,0.00002402362],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0956668,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3558547,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3088408209","doi":"10.1186/s13717-020-00252-7","title":"Seasonality and moisture regime control soil respiration, enzyme activities, and soil microbial biomass carbon in a semi-arid forest of Delhi, India","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecological Processes","topic":"Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":49,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Science and Engineering Research Board; University of Delhi; Department of Science and Technology, Ministry of Science and Technology, India","keywords":"Soil respiration; Soil carbon; Environmental science; Water content; Biomass (ecology); Respiration; Soil water; Carbon cycle; Respiration rate; Cycling; Agronomy; Chemistry; Ecosystem; Biology; Botany; Soil science; Ecology; Forestry; Geography","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01323133707125483,"gpt":0.2026662722840035,"spread":0.1894349352127487,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002013504,0.000172386,0.0003319975,0.000008539335,0.00007993681,0.00004864362,0.0001339413,0.0002239171,0.00002019051],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005483362,0.00007774436,0.00003686446,0.0003702744,0.0002026767,0.00009469174,0.00008642497,0.0001736109,4.119336e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002298749,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004997369,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004958892,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01521819,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988719,0.0001132222,0.0002584099,0.0003738066,0.0001436445,0.0002389697],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992113,0.0003997313,0.0001413422,0.00003351665,0.0000786491,0.0001355008],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003653135,0.0001676277,0.8869287,0.0001562251,0.00002191874,0.00001978239,0.000213812,0.00002430182,0.1111913,0.0001187767,0.00008877634,0.000703426],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007975895,0.0007132713,0.9855741,0.00002358265,0.00002155255,0.00001156305,0.0002535303,0.001646124,0.009325851,0.001053487,0.0003185421,0.0002608129],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9961627,0.0008897972,0.000001427747,0.0023829,0.00002287018,0.0002300425,0.00007065164,0.0000442506,0.0001953632],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988298,0.0001012821,0.0000116306,0.000876028,0.0001164126,0.0000247982,0.00002836555,0.000001486941,0.00001014108],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1018655,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8492109,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3021273670","doi":"10.1186/s13717-020-00231-y","title":"Pandemic spotlight on urban water quality","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecological Processes","topic":"COVID-19 impact on air quality","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":43,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Global Water Futures; U.S. Forest Service; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; U.S. Department of Agriculture","keywords":"Water quality; Natural resource economics; Pandemic; Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); Quality (philosophy); Control (management); Geography; Environmental planning; Environmental science; Water resource management; Business; Development economics; Environmental protection; Economics; Ecology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.09462003451910954,"gpt":0.3353348907145287,"spread":0.2407148561954192,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00046674,0.0001839503,0.0002411893,0.000009787873,0.000138362,0.00003916826,0.0003871073,0.0001241574,0.02341925],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002223621,0.0001085253,0.00005862606,0.0002328863,0.0001958334,0.0001723777,0.0002794479,0.0002372107,0.007752868],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001825087,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000247737,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003744671,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004734694,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982309,0.0001620381,0.0003045476,0.0005232578,0.0003631448,0.0004161659],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990346,0.0003992697,0.00006773681,0.0001902115,0.00001100712,0.0002972194],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003902545,0.0009382681,0.9336649,0.0002794529,0.0000191144,0.00004481072,0.003576136,0.0007455709,0.01673855,0.0002388017,0.04062913,0.002735057],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005573184,0.0007545121,0.7771621,0.00000679739,0.00001148259,0.000002083194,0.0001062662,0.00007891215,0.02347644,0.00310417,0.1942436,0.0004963751],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9698049,0.0000126508,0.000148802,0.01861567,0.00005064029,0.0002243814,0.000008808766,0.0003268553,0.01080726],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9625059,0.000009777619,0.00008286542,0.03691966,0.00009029103,0.00002199186,0.000006631651,0.00001026789,0.0003526532],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1565028,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9930197,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3125515469","doi":"10.1186/s13717-020-00275-0","title":"Large-diameter trees, snags, and deadwood in southern Utah, USA","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecological Processes","topic":"Forest Ecology and Biodiversity Studies","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":28,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Snag; Picea engelmannii; Coarse woody debris; Abies lasiocarpa; Basal area; Forestry; Picea abies; Biomass (ecology); Montane ecology; Environmental science; Ecology; Geography; Habitat; Pinus contorta; Biology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02179812310520968,"gpt":0.2089385042240917,"spread":0.187140381118882,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000142324,0.0001221195,0.0002083538,0.000009414455,0.0002496965,0.00003769798,0.0001248368,0.00016206,0.002027297],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004781226,0.00004589598,0.00003656342,0.0003338604,0.0001263166,0.00007951424,0.0002224807,0.0001345972,0.0001476847],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001285263,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001432677,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005063827,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.04709848,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999054,0.00006817796,0.0001384739,0.0003390535,0.00008094734,0.0003193249],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994211,0.0003773883,0.00004104658,0.0000278856,0.00007320018,0.00005942066],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002744522,0.000433203,0.9951394,0.00002313481,0.00001652064,0.0001281697,0.0003021927,0.000001000535,0.0005710559,0.0001260048,0.0008473378,0.002384541],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002368102,0.0002534031,0.979434,0.000008958737,0.00001064551,0.00001247547,0.003012642,0.000004171706,0.000251116,0.001997196,0.01461336,0.0001652502],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9951071,0.0008533568,7.754744e-7,0.002584372,0.00004935032,0.00008786371,0.00007581735,0.00003513732,0.001206187],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9976925,0.0002442346,0.00007961762,0.0009864776,0.00005718259,0.00001281041,0.00003310883,3.896446e-7,0.0008936698],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.04704784,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.998885,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2105655582","doi":"10.1186/2192-1709-2-20","title":"Structural development of vegetation on rehabilitated North Stradbroke Island: Above/belowground feedback may facilitate alternative ecological outcomes","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecological Processes","topic":"Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Queensland","keywords":"Ecology; Revegetation; Ecosystem; Edaphic; Biodiversity; Geography; Species richness; Environmental science; Biology; Ecological succession; Soil water","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02399622486263587,"gpt":0.2503594587177329,"spread":0.226363233855097,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001980063,0.0002793452,0.0004066117,0.00005046081,0.000341351,0.00002775901,0.0003016517,0.0001439604,0.002695377],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008256426,0.0001850675,0.00006520937,0.00027046,0.0005584031,0.0003166681,0.0001787451,0.0002228079,0.0008333396],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002027069,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004088067,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004143047,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005008037,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9980738,0.0001228919,0.0005920899,0.0005098575,0.0003058931,0.0003955353],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983928,0.001011077,0.0002619493,0.0001371923,0.0001032506,0.00009377382],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004091424,0.0004254683,0.987291,0.00009675536,0.00007642143,0.000003872782,0.002274201,0.007611266,0.00007948018,0.0001862297,0.0001856908,0.001728652],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004737578,0.0005711143,0.9920191,0.000008867852,0.00001082844,0.000001181073,0.0002994168,0.0007464474,0.0001609612,0.005367916,0.0001028397,0.000237557],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9934731,0.00002203256,0.0000948925,0.0004557946,0.0001443362,0.0006086978,0.00001353284,0.00006387378,0.005123741],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9958618,0.00001443126,0.002824928,0.000291824,0.00001086614,0.0002012633,0.00002816554,0.00000834417,0.0007584363],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.006864818,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999446,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2121339862","doi":"10.1186/2192-1709-3-8","title":"Novel ecosystems in ecological restoration and rehabilitation: Innovative planning or lowering the bar?","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecological Processes","topic":"Land Use and Ecosystem Services","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Natural Resources Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Restoration ecology; Novel ecosystem; Ecosystem services; Environmental resource management; Interim; Environmental restoration; Stewardship (theology); Environmental stewardship; Ecosystem; Biodiversity; Environmental planning; Ecology; Environmental ethics; Geography; Political science; Environmental science; Politics; Biology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0220413778755238,"gpt":0.2559619847826696,"spread":0.2339206069071458,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007802665,0.0001146003,0.0001730598,0.00002413913,0.000203328,0.00006576229,0.0001747531,0.0001018507,0.0005452104],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001181118,0.00005650278,0.00001086813,0.0004732672,0.00005629615,0.0002944023,0.0001448688,0.0001267962,0.0000715426],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007295837,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001474934,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005723554,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004122156,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989964,0.00007680899,0.0002814458,0.0003008719,0.0001375266,0.0002069862],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985388,0.001189377,0.00010374,0.0001029097,0.00002391758,0.00004128573],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001245027,0.0002397185,0.9888268,0.0002686559,0.000007270214,0.000009410846,0.00184982,0.00644778,0.0004883059,0.0003237403,0.0006579453,0.0007561019],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000481478,0.00070223,0.9816071,0.00007228649,0.000004149601,0.00001590339,0.0007639559,0.006644737,0.00008951663,0.001173029,0.008254244,0.0001914121],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.994239,0.000026355,0.0002483362,0.000965629,0.00008376597,0.0002801322,0.000001508492,0.00004163337,0.004113582],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990748,0.000006760196,0.0003735173,0.0003433157,0.00006384464,0.0001022131,0.000003252252,0.000004779463,0.0000275668],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.007596299,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5969672,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3164342067","doi":"10.1186/s13717-021-00295-4","title":"Radial variations in xylem sap flux in a temperate red pine plantation forest","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecological Processes","topic":"Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"McMaster University; McMaster University Medical Centre","funders":"Global Water Futures; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Ministère de l’Environnement, de la Protection de la nature et des Parcs; Ministry of Environment; Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry; Ministry of Natural Resources","keywords":"Xylem; Temperate climate; Temperate forest; Red pine; Agroforestry; Temperate rainforest; Flux (metallurgy); Forestry; Thinning; Pine forest; Environmental science; Botany; Biology; Geography; Ecology; Pinus <genus>; Chemistry; Ecosystem","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01003934022930601,"gpt":0.2147626069495133,"spread":0.2047232667202073,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001248506,0.00007609489,0.0001089588,0.00003650439,0.00005461306,0.0000318718,0.00008260036,0.00008529402,0.001108874],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002397032,0.00006486921,0.00001370043,0.0005363431,0.00003328703,0.0001713219,0.00005830399,0.0001176327,0.0000966309],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001141038,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004245462,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007077992,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01115258,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992465,0.00005124416,0.0002048533,0.0002218759,0.0001013118,0.0001741621],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997591,0.00009250208,0.00003791837,0.00006475013,0.000009389172,0.00003636463],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002550941,0.0003788325,0.9127364,0.00002017729,0.000003489443,0.0001358938,0.0003112864,0.0823897,0.003042223,0.0004518765,0.0001836084,0.0003210549],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005004922,0.00004478115,0.9673806,0.0000133108,0.000004163438,0.00002027765,0.00003268865,0.02570472,0.0003097713,0.00521211,0.0006505795,0.0001264668],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9919671,0.00001920373,0.000228644,0.0005590032,0.00004423611,0.0001233368,0.00001370658,0.00002326262,0.007021436],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9983158,0.00005386359,0.000717912,0.0001430178,0.00001570932,0.00004723127,0.0001635393,0.00000384755,0.0005390677],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.05668499,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998043,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4313590190","doi":"10.1186/s13717-022-00415-8","title":"Large-diameter trees and deadwood correspond with belowground ectomycorrhizal fungal richness","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecological Processes","topic":"Forest Ecology and Biodiversity Studies","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Utah Agricultural Experiment Station","keywords":"Species richness; Snag; Guild; Biology; Community structure; Ecology; Ectomycorrhiza; Species diversity; Habitat; Mycorrhiza; Symbiosis","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0157432632133895,"gpt":0.2028555320144134,"spread":0.1871122688010239,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002106889,0.0001903527,0.0002548432,0.00002629215,0.000743584,0.00007065538,0.0002067179,0.0001652473,0.0005962874],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003399847,0.00006351915,0.00003593773,0.0008299485,0.0002193339,0.0001640466,0.0002483116,0.000148131,0.0002339036],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001383053,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001456648,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002171598,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004312732,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987618,0.00005995087,0.0001321771,0.0004154056,0.0001524052,0.0004782183],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987046,0.000997558,0.00006217146,0.00003651338,0.0001019566,0.00009725467],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002048984,0.0001972867,0.994525,0.00003013575,0.000036888,0.0001277167,0.0001301055,0.000002805492,0.0001955174,0.0001108071,0.00347008,0.0009687135],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002770482,0.001203168,0.988295,0.000009912643,0.00002759262,0.00002726228,0.001619847,0.00001349971,0.0001364581,0.000537958,0.00762863,0.0002236908],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9972391,0.0002147094,0.000002477116,0.001255363,0.00009369357,0.0001977056,0.0001201793,0.0002787991,0.0005979542],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982938,0.0001799064,0.00004161374,0.0004225584,0.0001011047,0.00003798245,0.00007509685,9.851968e-7,0.0008469486],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.006230113,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6528929,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4295047898","doi":"10.1186/s13717-022-00401-0","title":"A review of landscape ecology experiments to understand ecological processes","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Ecological Processes","topic":"Land Use and Ecosystem Services","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"","keywords":"Ecology; Landscape epidemiology; Landscape ecology; Scale (ratio); Intersection (aeronautics); Spatial ecology; Geography; Environmental resource management; Habitat; Environmental science; Biology; Cartography","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.08086761388853142,"gpt":0.3306730987159889,"spread":0.2498054848274575,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006579416,0.0006082144,0.00253532,0.00009555779,0.0002758025,0.00003889934,0.001334535,0.0003983479,0.07704856],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001283765,0.000378093,0.0002716712,0.001664535,0.0000696,0.0001706203,0.001338306,0.0003765041,0.001103695],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003465117,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003617947,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001353426,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003927698,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9962612,0.0003456459,0.001181968,0.001054983,0.0004823756,0.000673876],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9974251,0.001096466,0.0007449279,0.0004166464,0.00004384356,0.0002729628],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"systematic_review","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004822625,0.002837408,0.001301992,0.8813503,0.0002767747,0.0001600642,0.0002951975,0.0000546903,3.7667e-7,0.00001772838,0.04627575,0.06738152],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001466183,0.0008613408,0.00008123472,0.01105418,0.0003118799,0.00004859196,0.000117525,0.00000104196,0.000002068896,0.0001075319,0.9867544,0.0005135799],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0006811326,0.9863334,0.000002890604,0.0001182222,0.0002183781,0.001999425,0.00008052547,0.00009936788,0.01046664],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0006766537,0.9960788,0.0001097265,0.001614242,0.00007617877,0.001139952,0.0001280535,0.00003933433,0.0001370921],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9404787,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998671,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3194293555","doi":"10.1186/s13717-021-00329-x","title":"Nitrogen addition mediates the response of foliar stoichiometry to phosphorus addition: a meta-analysis","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecological Processes","topic":"Plant responses to elevated CO2","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"National Forestry and Grassland Administration; China Scholarship Council; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Stoichiometry; Phosphorus; Nitrogen; Animal science; Ecological stoichiometry; Chemistry; Horticulture; Biology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04116879157542081,"gpt":0.2492159689293662,"spread":0.2080471773539454,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008105451,0.0002085631,0.0006531156,0.0000574786,0.0002677829,0.00007475506,0.0004756182,0.0001577653,0.0147477],"category_scores_gemma":[0.005535317,0.00006477444,0.0005371779,0.004886966,0.00008839553,0.0001095784,0.0001662762,0.0001639402,0.0001254635],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000290681,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007927365,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002426526,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005406401,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9976675,0.0006643673,0.0004049074,0.000467856,0.000451627,0.0003437628],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9928726,0.006153874,0.0001967443,0.0001338072,0.0004950753,0.0001478799],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.01375413,0.00630976,0.01409315,0.000202004,0.1344988,0.001317463,0.001000329,0.001538,0.7174441,0.002244574,0.08303402,0.02456365],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003522192,0.002198453,0.4007729,0.00001445414,0.04645364,0.0001069185,0.001577513,0.00005763709,0.420884,0.01041435,0.1161603,0.001007579],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9873778,0.003025219,0.00001879122,0.007433706,0.00003646558,0.0002492205,0.00148439,0.00008533489,0.0002891021],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9970745,0.0001391396,0.0001831383,0.001546214,0.00007528915,0.0002094592,0.0002884188,0.000001226543,0.0004825447],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3866798,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9861529,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2108293405","doi":"10.1186/s13717-015-0034-0","title":"A cross-city molecular biogeographic investigation of arbuscular mycorrhizas in Conyza canadensis rhizosphere across native and non-native regions","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecological Processes","topic":"Mycorrhizal Fungi and Plant Interactions","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Foreign Affairs and International Trade Canada; Canadian Bureau for International Education; University of Montana","keywords":"Biology; Rhizosphere; Native plant; Introduced species; Ecology; Species diversity; Botany","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02341316225386436,"gpt":0.2577131219325814,"spread":0.2342999596787171,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003150851,0.000178981,0.0002908375,0.00002519438,0.0001528005,0.00006750353,0.0001860624,0.0001938715,0.000430235],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002234694,0.00008088694,0.00005854198,0.001032879,0.0001264277,0.0002331806,0.00009001316,0.0002178533,0.00001189466],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003478341,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006339296,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005095491,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01318907,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987087,0.0001079536,0.000311764,0.0003699264,0.000205016,0.0002966785],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9976534,0.00143331,0.0001743201,0.00005102342,0.0004837012,0.0002042878],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008598556,0.0001089713,0.9909313,0.00004182511,0.00002299274,0.00003990238,0.0006426164,0.00007926027,0.006937171,0.0004683387,0.0003878544,0.0002537287],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003395517,0.0009803647,0.9494274,0.0001928268,0.00003076367,0.00004927986,0.003168567,0.0002779746,0.02049783,0.02239025,0.00213004,0.0005151528],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9964119,0.0007539891,0.00001086003,0.0006114267,0.0000777366,0.0003201446,0.0007524657,0.00003497493,0.001026549],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989588,0.0002923433,0.00008187083,0.0002791668,0.00003454046,0.0000501293,0.0002472665,0.000001306046,0.0000546101],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.04150396,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7702891,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4205969342","doi":"10.1186/s13717-021-00351-z","title":"Complex effects of different types of acid rain on root growth of Quercus acutissima and Cunninghamia lanceolata saplings","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecological Processes","topic":"Plant responses to elevated CO2","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Postdoctoral Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province; Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions; China Postdoctoral Science Foundation; Lakehead University; Jiangsu Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Fund","keywords":"Cunninghamia; Botany; Horticulture; Biology; Chemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01447900521907792,"gpt":0.2183393580104784,"spread":0.2038603527914004,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001601435,0.000136,0.0003879633,0.00002262377,0.0001153151,0.000007712059,0.0003023487,0.00006714931,0.0003316176],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007376135,0.00005234719,0.00004489147,0.0003361654,0.0001448252,0.00003521747,0.0002249438,0.000155223,0.000001054489],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001753832,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001522401,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003450937,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006819423,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989268,0.0001370931,0.0002595221,0.0002438446,0.0002424657,0.0001902804],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983502,0.001242022,0.0002351744,0.00004401281,0.00007753184,0.0000510405],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005810746,0.0005761928,0.0456146,0.0003541482,0.0000327808,0.0000141913,0.00008366863,0.000009011231,0.9484664,0.0007660199,0.0003034349,0.003198432],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002576799,0.002999331,0.8164424,0.00004575759,0.00002005827,0.00000859174,0.00005411584,0.00003885238,0.1779901,0.001703612,0.0003110472,0.0001285064],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.998594,0.0003869959,0.000001422776,0.0003272612,0.00002972757,0.0002157824,0.0001144559,0.00003014128,0.0003001379],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996846,0.00006510898,0.00002671448,0.00007833027,0.00001819065,0.00002668304,0.00004407535,9.563381e-7,0.00005538915],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7708278,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.363098,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4396900361","doi":"10.1186/s13717-024-00520-w","title":"Assessment of spongy moth infestation impacts on forest productivity and carbon loss using the Sentinel-2 satellite remote sensing and eddy covariance flux data","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecological Processes","topic":"Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Natural Resources Canada; McMaster University","funders":"Global Water Futures; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Ministère de l’Environnement, de la Protection de la nature et des Parcs; Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry; Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada; Ministry of Natural Resources; Ministry of Environment; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Deciduous; Eddy covariance; Infestation; Environmental science; Leaf area index; Productivity; Growing season; Atmospheric sciences; Forestry; Ecology; Agronomy; Geography; Ecosystem; Biology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02859202237322513,"gpt":0.2869366903195846,"spread":0.2583446679463595,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004333814,0.0001025904,0.0001139966,0.00002232005,0.00009365319,0.00008174297,0.00009087757,0.00005043416,0.000009221659],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001713488,0.00006368399,0.000007777791,0.0002234951,0.0001909567,0.0002133144,0.0002078014,0.0001316868,8.8004e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004950021,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003482841,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001576577,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004624671,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991561,0.00005902312,0.0001490925,0.0003445659,0.0001479921,0.0001432063],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994897,0.0002075754,0.00006834193,0.0001864044,0.000011999,0.00003598512],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001083368,0.0003338193,0.6949167,0.001529645,0.000118625,0.0002745121,0.001154259,0.1976108,0.03761468,0.0008426569,0.00004339569,0.06545267],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00006197721,0.00004567109,0.2882804,0.00006086325,0.0000264035,0.00006182082,0.00001380477,0.7094695,0.0001794172,0.001568242,0.0001479641,0.00008391547],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.994256,0.0001372772,0.004392592,0.0002976547,0.00005024266,0.0001938218,0.00001951006,0.00002501719,0.0006278929],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9970837,0.0001834939,0.002593365,0.0000309343,0.00002539241,4.202384e-7,0.00002905961,0.000006244687,0.00004740372],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5118588,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2596958,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3205235105","doi":"10.1186/s13717-021-00334-0","title":"Effects of sulfuric, nitric, and mixed acid rain on the decomposition of fine root litter in Southern China","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecological Processes","topic":"Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Postdoctoral Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province; Jiangsu Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Fund; Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions; Government of Jiangsu Province; China Postdoctoral Science Foundation; Lakehead University","keywords":"Acid rain; Nitric acid; Chemistry; Nitrogen; Sulfuric acid; Decomposition; Litter; Phosphorus; Nitrate; Nutrient; Soil pH; Soil acidification; Soil water; Environmental chemistry; Agronomy; Environmental science; Soil science; Inorganic chemistry; Biology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.00754923292342381,"gpt":0.2068323718053181,"spread":0.1992831388818943,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000172632,0.00009377883,0.0001924815,0.00001049128,0.00004778334,0.00001368852,0.0001094284,0.00008952216,0.0001241079],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006591438,0.00003008117,0.00004364738,0.0004044715,0.00007216198,0.00002466687,0.00006086602,0.0001045343,0.000003535682],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000008621378,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000103021,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003111261,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001563065,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992544,0.0001432093,0.0001775666,0.0001750702,0.0001162873,0.0001334393],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987452,0.001040622,0.00008462168,0.00003130023,0.00006775112,0.00003048533],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002810964,0.001703954,0.1484774,0.000383135,0.00003702101,0.00006084892,0.000401414,0.0000208778,0.8265114,0.0005387038,0.0001113472,0.02147283],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001962153,0.0003270564,0.795562,0.00003374878,0.000009094799,0.000003874215,0.0001203205,0.00006788041,0.2009838,0.002597778,0.00002249846,0.00007579829],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9978836,0.0005628234,0.000001241629,0.00107564,0.00002223879,0.0001427696,0.00001202857,0.00001327319,0.0002863486],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997128,0.00003162521,0.00002163109,0.000131342,0.00002955927,0.00001915437,0.00001307397,6.799365e-7,0.00004009173],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6470846,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1358894,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2099940903","doi":"10.1186/2192-1709-1-3","title":"Refining spatial neighbourhoods to capture terrain effects","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecological Processes","topic":"Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Wilfrid Laurier University; University of Victoria","funders":"","keywords":"Terrain; Neighbourhood (mathematics); Spatial ecology; Geography; Mountain pine beetle; Watershed; Ecology; Spatial distribution; Spatial analysis; Environmental resource management; Cartography; Computer science; Environmental science; Remote sensing; Machine learning; Mathematics; Biology; Forestry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.009257117074670886,"gpt":0.245856744694434,"spread":0.2365996276197631,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002153749,0.0001234414,0.0001497042,0.00001850047,0.0002438319,0.000012686,0.0001474469,0.0001133937,0.001788106],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001195599,0.00009078903,0.00002403959,0.000200585,0.0001047201,0.0001569022,0.0002216112,0.0001370337,0.001343975],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007034728,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000797268,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004502537,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00128504,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990963,0.00005486308,0.0001290036,0.0002124102,0.0001111014,0.000396316],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993845,0.0003360913,0.00004845512,0.0000799612,0.000009980461,0.0001409614],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001694153,0.0002618863,0.9913862,0.00004501977,0.00001261915,0.000006365823,0.001471707,0.0004792624,0.0005073891,0.0002935028,0.002354688,0.003164375],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001363973,0.0001794161,0.9934493,0.00000624041,0.00001105924,0.000004616075,0.00006767848,0.00006003553,0.0002888487,0.0006024232,0.005031558,0.0001624419],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9442275,0.0001279421,0.00223409,0.001216842,0.0003241878,0.0001617937,0.000001808128,0.00009494433,0.05161087],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9943811,0.000005007741,0.001725213,0.002626277,0.00009411755,0.00009720276,0.000003043618,0.000006778967,0.001061225],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.05054964,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9994336,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4220785155","doi":"10.1186/s13717-022-00366-0","title":"Effects of variable retention harvesting on canopy transpiration in a red pine plantation forest","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecological Processes","topic":"Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"Global Water Futures; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Ministère de l’Environnement, de la Protection de la nature et des Parcs; Ministry of Environment; Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry; Ministry of Natural Resources","keywords":"Transpiration; Canopy; Agroforestry; Forestry; Environmental science; Tree canopy; Geography; Red pine; Botany; Biology; Pinus <genus>; Photosynthesis","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.009002260599369075,"gpt":0.1915345810969622,"spread":0.1825323204975931,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001776204,0.00005629072,0.00008266037,0.00003551102,0.00009634667,0.0000074174,0.00007449238,0.00003250074,0.0002316958],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001271016,0.00004920216,0.00001158142,0.0003480809,0.00002252657,0.0001108183,0.00002965778,0.00009950985,0.000004212264],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001058072,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000133488,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001321883,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004200654,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993676,0.00006162885,0.0001614103,0.0001530739,0.00015119,0.0001050882],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997355,0.0001257881,0.0000779106,0.00003827945,0.00000483684,0.00001763279],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001186953,0.0004682587,0.156619,0.0001613106,0.000003963293,0.00002060901,0.0002092186,0.8016819,0.03945591,0.0006342867,0.00003820009,0.0005886261],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001162186,0.001342956,0.8965014,0.00005504138,0.00002422786,0.00001199094,0.00003595458,0.08804014,0.004015326,0.007934277,0.000650369,0.0002260811],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9958493,0.000008825233,0.0007899106,0.00005852817,0.0000394367,0.0002374686,0.00001128846,0.00002077323,0.00298453],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991366,0.000007457785,0.000412112,0.00006284234,0.000004795464,0.0001064916,0.00007182814,0.000003361838,0.0001945011],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7398825,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2536907,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2888844988","doi":"10.1186/s13717-018-0142-8","title":"Extrapolating plot-scale CO2 and ozone enrichment experimental results to novel conditions and scales using mechanistic modeling","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecological Processes","topic":"Plant responses to elevated CO2","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Brookhaven National Laboratory; Canadian Forest Service; Northern Research Station; U.S. Forest Service; U.S. Department of Agriculture; Office of Science; Michigan Technological University; U.S. Department of Energy","keywords":"Ecological succession; Environmental science; Ozone; Atmospheric sciences; Climate change; Photosynthetic capacity; Competition (biology); Ecology; Photosynthesis; Climatology; Biology; Botany; Geography; Meteorology; Geology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04848446480955249,"gpt":0.2778764998769734,"spread":0.229392035067421,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001811938,0.0001715667,0.0001985265,0.00002172683,0.0006098502,0.0001166877,0.0001146731,0.0001080402,0.0001072338],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004473851,0.00007620018,0.00001824632,0.0002823838,0.0001390131,0.0001354674,0.0001715125,0.00008927806,0.00001356104],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003911909,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001533568,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007067437,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000428547,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986984,0.00004055933,0.0002635011,0.0004610548,0.0001585698,0.0003779099],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991433,0.0004285677,0.00007086773,0.00003706764,0.0001059433,0.0002142566],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001875983,0.0002316942,0.0004924263,0.00001136358,0.000007781006,0.000004366505,0.0001679744,0.00009709087,0.9981461,0.0001214938,0.0000256881,0.0005063842],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.006794477,0.02039223,0.2151794,0.0009551726,0.0002740448,0.00112197,0.01588973,0.3162917,0.4022674,0.009335814,0.006397062,0.005101106],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9983364,0.0002326217,0.0002758038,0.0003165643,0.00004258391,0.0002740085,0.0001691285,0.0001026357,0.000250289],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9970617,0.00002851936,0.002383371,0.0002792374,0.0001470361,0.00002887584,0.00003464861,0.000001514626,0.00003514878],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5958788,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4690536,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4392041669","doi":"10.1186/s13717-024-00491-y","title":"Artificial light at night (ALAN) pollution alters bat lunar chronobiology: insights from broad-scale long-term acoustic monitoring","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecological Processes","topic":"Bat Biology and Ecology Studies","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"University of North Carolina at Greensboro; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","keywords":"Light pollution; Full moon; Nocturnal; New moon; Pollution; Habitat; Environmental science; Light Cycle; Moonlight; Ecology; Biology; Circadian rhythm; Astronomy","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02017505417920244,"gpt":0.2358662309896202,"spread":0.2156911768104178,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001368237,0.000356851,0.0004463157,0.00004024543,0.0009089647,0.00008816637,0.0003689438,0.000628578,0.001655947],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001972225,0.0001376506,0.0001327762,0.000528209,0.0003895966,0.0002253374,0.0003095279,0.0003660537,0.0009570829],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000168514,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003052883,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002419689,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003461077,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9977946,0.0001452681,0.0004174671,0.0008929333,0.0001263439,0.0006233961],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988159,0.0007870729,0.00009663126,0.00008092562,0.00007735127,0.0001421103],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002975661,0.0005929818,0.3457961,0.0001743397,0.0003058475,0.0002611599,0.0005512265,0.00003771894,0.6350151,0.00009470891,0.004313752,0.0125595],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001033242,0.0007607305,0.9531772,0.00009389894,0.0001042677,0.00002094278,0.0001992016,0.00002737548,0.03651459,0.001638837,0.006879487,0.0004801835],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9831559,0.009563274,0.000009727575,0.003836871,0.001926352,0.0002861749,0.00006392095,0.0004398444,0.0007179077],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.995736,0.001041081,0.00002289732,0.0003514698,0.001786853,0.0001150116,0.0001768151,0.000003082197,0.0007667848],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.607381,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998208,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3201065300","doi":"10.1186/s13717-021-00328-y","title":"Country-level land carbon sink and its causing components by the middle of the twenty-first century","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecological Processes","topic":"Environmental Impact and Sustainability","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Northern Arizona University; U.S. Department of Energy; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Sink (geography); Carbon sink; Climate change; Greenhouse gas; Environmental science; United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change; Land use, land-use change and forestry; Environmental protection; Coupled model intercomparison project; Ecosystem; Natural resource economics; Primary production; Land use; Atmospheric sciences; Geography; Climate model; Ecology; Kyoto Protocol; Economics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02667101541677155,"gpt":0.2238075575007684,"spread":0.1971365420839968,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001609977,0.0001146991,0.0001355817,0.000003496742,0.0002766688,0.00002798971,0.00016234,0.00007101378,0.0004598233],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003614139,0.00006011762,0.00002527859,0.0001926878,0.0003799082,0.00008661898,0.0004383364,0.0001332311,0.000004677198],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001241547,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001761899,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001551416,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004791091,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990615,0.00007977149,0.0001590802,0.0002277777,0.0002427504,0.0002290977],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995323,0.0001624828,0.00007809106,0.0001547119,0.00001199926,0.00006046182],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002194906,0.0005658842,0.9914211,0.0001720914,0.00001429047,0.00001221481,0.0006886745,0.0002354643,0.006268445,0.0000172024,0.0003693475,0.0002133549],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002633836,0.00004971218,0.9821925,0.00001852752,0.0000217034,0.00001942913,0.0005528114,0.0002237204,0.008200155,0.0003551549,0.007976795,0.0001261389],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9945984,0.0009397663,0.000001557761,0.0008130755,0.00006342147,0.0002052604,0.00002672568,0.00000946349,0.003342275],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988735,0.0001806985,0.00001358101,0.0004768755,0.00001374455,0.000008562843,0.000006347207,0.000005254229,0.0004214772],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.009228611,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5034744,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2802326893","doi":"10.1186/s13717-018-0123-y","title":"Growth and competition among understory plants varies with reclamation soil and fertilization","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecological Processes","topic":"Rangeland and Wildlife Management","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Canadian Natural Resources Limited","keywords":"Agronomy; Understory; Biomass (ecology); Land reclamation; Environmental science; Fertilizer; Biology; Ecology; Canopy","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0113042332359692,"gpt":0.1913827482540811,"spread":0.1800785150181119,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006221574,0.00006017435,0.00005835321,0.00001261011,0.0001846519,0.00003910305,0.00003291476,0.00003339609,0.0002047507],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003952296,0.00003967143,0.000002767576,0.00006864057,0.0003615845,0.0002110112,0.00004627147,0.00002755854,0.00001621721],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001512644,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000003091998,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002384184,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005314063,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999585,0.00001874711,0.00006061695,0.0001629039,0.00008577919,0.00008689894],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998583,0.00003576027,0.00003467866,0.00003080441,0.000006549824,0.00003395626],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007749208,0.0001020382,0.9960175,0.0001214316,0.000008887948,0.000004236362,0.0006684402,0.00006222552,0.0001233093,0.0009694864,0.000617925,0.001227094],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002036908,0.0002782313,0.9939677,0.00001868895,0.000007684816,0.00000269022,0.0002428283,0.0004054763,0.0002791969,0.004239037,0.0002686005,0.00008616458],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9865265,0.00002052223,0.001578257,0.0003213632,0.00001769686,0.0001031882,8.304651e-7,0.00003642125,0.0113952],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999331,0.0000814572,0.0001954375,0.0002537195,0.00002468382,0.00001030873,0.000006374338,0.000002825117,0.00009420384],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01280447,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2241877,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2461485637","doi":"10.1186/s13717-016-0054-4","title":"Invasion by Conyza sumatrensis alters soil microbial community structure in urban ecosystems","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecological Processes","topic":"Mycorrhizal Fungi and Plant Interactions","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Canadian Bureau for International Education","keywords":"Biology; Species richness; Temperature gradient gel electrophoresis; Ecosystem; Ecology; 16S ribosomal RNA; Bacteria","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01446795179472156,"gpt":0.2024658791579325,"spread":0.1879979273632109,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001845604,0.0001695391,0.0002379283,0.00001626089,0.0002782666,0.00005853058,0.0003227122,0.0001909456,0.007692971],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007918705,0.00005125179,0.0000502009,0.0002690296,0.00002413221,0.0001845667,0.00008466522,0.0002601105,0.0002440435],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004869356,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001570638,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001607086,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02401737,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987959,0.000273205,0.0002760584,0.0002409311,0.0001059239,0.0003080231],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9960486,0.00361445,0.0001047686,0.0000594298,0.00007383878,0.00009891368],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009079923,0.0002574041,0.1070601,0.00004501718,0.00001008388,0.000007620461,0.00009852712,0.000002318949,0.7725933,0.00006018226,0.1163241,0.003450543],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001075618,0.00270036,0.1023941,0.001030284,0.00005365026,0.000228305,0.001799507,0.00004922775,0.220338,0.00776637,0.6605889,0.001975751],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9948832,0.0002424926,0.000001506996,0.001304486,0.0002370008,0.0001794573,0.002185909,0.00007684129,0.0008890384],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9981536,0.0003243954,0.00000882322,0.000435737,0.0001266962,0.00001013848,0.0006559818,0.000001066404,0.000283616],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5522552,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9937918,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4294643490","doi":"10.1186/s13717-022-00395-9","title":"Environmental drivers of seasonal shifts in abundance of wild pigs (Sus scrofa) in a tropical island environment","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecological Processes","topic":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Department of Natural Resources, Government of Newfoundland and Labrador","keywords":"Abundance (ecology); Wildlife; Range (aeronautics); Vegetation (pathology); Geography; Ecology; Wildlife management; Distribution (mathematics); Species distribution; Biology; Habitat","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.00796173288841079,"gpt":0.196012727036938,"spread":0.1880509941485272,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002020304,0.0001176219,0.0002348996,0.00004468683,0.00008315893,0.000002742988,0.0002694885,0.00008121234,0.00960552],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008791749,0.0001134217,0.00003636071,0.0002369434,0.0004200435,0.0001257262,0.0003451319,0.0002459016,0.00003180764],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002937255,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003178787,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003835043,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004636501,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986456,0.0001366989,0.0003408982,0.0003271225,0.0003055206,0.0002441581],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995043,0.0001923329,0.0001519848,0.0001071078,0.000001408925,0.00004292039],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001324615,0.001020599,0.9897088,0.00001862592,0.00000452915,0.00002332462,0.0003063811,0.007505883,0.0006966014,0.00004246024,0.0002265172,0.0003137492],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007233613,0.0004341589,0.9960542,0.000005654945,0.000005009084,0.000002824565,0.0002882605,0.0003357345,0.0001787943,0.0009194802,0.0009376777,0.0001148335],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9985462,0.00009159716,0.00002490197,0.0004596309,0.00003240915,0.0002387142,0.00002975986,0.000006715577,0.0005700734],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991999,0.00005763914,0.0002053805,0.0003312458,0.000007134257,0.0001037283,0.00001091287,0.000005326576,0.00007878752],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.009573713,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9912998,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4297236211","doi":"10.1186/s13717-022-00406-9","title":"Impaired cellulose decomposition in a headwater stream receiving subsurface agricultural drainage","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecological Processes","topic":"Freshwater macroinvertebrate diversity and ecology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo; Western University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Decomposition; Drainage; Agriculture; Cellulose; Environmental science; Hydrology (agriculture); Agroforestry; Water resource management; Geography; Forestry; Geology; Ecology; Chemistry; Biology; Geotechnical engineering; Archaeology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01077113639403875,"gpt":0.2072077946434844,"spread":0.1964366582494457,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000235231,0.0001322254,0.0001637391,0.0000319475,0.0003793972,0.00003451769,0.0003038849,0.00006374237,0.01799489],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005126255,0.0001056278,0.00003739122,0.0004132255,0.0001150694,0.0002758527,0.0006301882,0.0002262362,0.0004704515],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004027086,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001279401,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002965134,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003414036,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987224,0.0001575921,0.0001764862,0.0003707208,0.0001718425,0.0004009386],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996952,0.00008482843,0.00005916262,0.00008061877,0.000007460219,0.00007272873],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003215356,0.00290934,0.8639582,0.0001215709,0.00002436208,0.0006686797,0.005174961,0.05532728,0.03011126,0.00009517778,0.04060428,0.0006833501],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000834263,0.00097061,0.9817054,0.000006028144,0.0000124664,0.00005793383,0.001749228,0.001184476,0.006552568,0.003639413,0.002845258,0.0004423993],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.991459,0.00002629608,0.000007813994,0.0009188341,0.0001037427,0.0002269739,0.00001094427,0.00007445768,0.007171996],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9980757,0.000004581805,0.0001793889,0.0005904157,0.00001021548,0.00005746154,0.00005140283,0.000005021837,0.001025851],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1177472,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9829028,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2803114994","doi":"10.1186/s13717-018-0125-9","title":"Correction to cffdrs: an R package for the Canadian Forest Fire Danger Rating System","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecological Processes","topic":"Fire effects on ecosystems","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Canadian Forest Service; University of Toronto; Natural Resources Canada; University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Citation; Rating system; Forestry; Geography; Computer science; Library science; Economics; Environmental economics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01470002174593292,"gpt":0.2387730868474068,"spread":0.2240730651014738,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000542476,0.0001325887,0.0001337568,0.00001850052,0.0009686453,0.0001346388,0.0003506609,0.00009030789,0.0004016433],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001649217,0.00008172735,0.00002755667,0.0003172298,0.0001159345,0.0002127294,0.00006480621,0.00009229699,0.0008311763],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005166027,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005604484,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.06048492,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.8975875,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998849,0.00006408244,0.0001701109,0.0003502934,0.0001626159,0.0004039502],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988557,0.0005756311,0.00006999807,0.0002186225,0.00004764952,0.0002324289],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002234307,0.0005033336,0.4078023,0.0009537934,0.00007668721,0.00005938212,0.006409114,0.003202347,0.00413936,0.0002978535,0.4431644,0.1331681],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005393862,0.004458409,0.6181893,0.0002176154,0.00005814133,0.00007643499,0.002093108,0.2211867,0.004619605,0.0001587559,0.1475072,0.0008952866],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9845725,0.00002804945,0.001610457,0.0006673702,0.00188435,0.001636327,0.000016127,0.0001702327,0.00941454],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99753,5.25498e-7,0.0002937699,0.0006235082,0.0004307643,0.0004931942,0.000006609263,0.00001554462,0.0006061044],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8371026,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999468,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4400593707","doi":"10.1186/s13717-024-00534-4","title":"Current trends in forestry research of Latin-America: an editorial overview of the Special Issue","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecological Processes","topic":"Forest Management and Policy","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Sustainability; Community forestry; Latin Americans; Forest management; Reforestation; Geography; Livelihood; Climate change; Context (archaeology); Forestry; Environmental resource management; Political science; Environmental degradation; Sustainable forest management; Environmental planning; Agriculture; Ecology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.09402808881677006,"gpt":0.3938770968956213,"spread":0.2998490080788512,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003650855,0.00007406221,0.0001308205,0.00006985146,0.00004559056,0.00002039347,0.0003966136,0.00005935951,0.0112289],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002705233,0.00004362099,0.0000389107,0.0014819,0.0004025762,0.0001417043,0.0003387344,0.0002371038,0.0002289436],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005128136,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002910456,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001391284,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004076707,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988559,0.00009507143,0.0002062279,0.0002037641,0.0004284127,0.0002105679],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996096,0.0001604499,0.00004229848,0.0001389682,0.00001375442,0.00003495923],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004078216,0.0006132743,0.07418379,0.0005003224,0.000006659156,0.000004313015,0.0008318535,0.0004611235,0.00005448205,0.001571573,0.847644,0.07408784],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009886335,0.0002555312,0.1991026,0.00005723991,0.000005667575,1.538094e-7,0.00003259361,0.0001916369,0.00008419926,0.004484786,0.7956182,0.00006857016],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9074989,0.0005966469,8.686527e-7,0.0009468308,0.008117826,0.000275559,0.00001748123,0.0000291881,0.08251668],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9840249,0.000227157,0.00002633476,0.0000208384,0.01430298,0.0000222263,0.00000561994,0.000005656951,0.001364318],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1249188,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.989675,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4398209955","doi":"10.1186/s13717-024-00517-5","title":"Environmental drivers of tree species richness in the southernmost portion of the Paranaense forests","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecological Processes","topic":"Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Universidad de la República Uruguay","keywords":"Species richness; Geography; Tree (set theory); Agroforestry; Ecology; Forestry; Environmental science; Biology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.009907593890147094,"gpt":0.2128521333332118,"spread":0.2029445394430648,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002109646,0.00007012021,0.0001019126,0.00001467177,0.00009137099,0.000005791001,0.000220678,0.00005228827,0.0004963804],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001248769,0.0000345545,0.00004120461,0.0002467606,0.0006154774,0.00006879237,0.00009908556,0.00009575594,0.00003248165],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003873392,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000965678,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000005704227,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001725641,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993562,0.00005901934,0.0001815889,0.000139548,0.0001555344,0.0001081542],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995425,0.0002891232,0.00007214931,0.00008420655,0.000003063444,0.000008954249],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007704765,0.0001492055,0.9950737,0.00004093666,0.000009187798,0.000005644105,0.002042973,0.001276939,0.0005290825,0.000477071,0.0001538835,0.0002336675],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00007405753,0.00006710544,0.9934543,0.000009792877,0.00001374956,0.000002380641,0.001494201,0.0002793662,0.0004220128,0.003872256,0.0002666294,0.00004413418],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9947625,0.000176261,0.00003633716,0.0005703909,0.00006253087,0.0001662043,0.00001043897,0.000008448856,0.00420687],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995383,0.00007705631,0.00002041413,0.0000874846,0.000007308448,0.00002248491,0.000001772254,0.000002582544,0.0002425862],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.004775793,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5435017,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4414419995","doi":"10.1186/s13717-025-00646-5","title":"Ecosystem engineering of tundra heath by Arctic fox (Vulpes lagopus) is driven by nutrient additions","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecological Processes","topic":"Climate change and permafrost","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Natural Resources Canada; Churchill Northern Studies Centre; Parks Canada","keywords":"Tundra; Ecosystem; Ecological engineering; Arctic; Nutrient; Arctic fox","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01435449112129178,"gpt":0.2179783616538888,"spread":0.203623870532597,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007900888,0.0001351158,0.000238192,0.00005646131,0.0001251726,0.00004337415,0.0001935703,0.00009788695,0.01160943],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001674703,0.0001042,0.0000479007,0.0003536282,0.00004271657,0.0001261486,0.00002026237,0.0001064193,0.00007306236],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001042825,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004427827,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001643754,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001281807,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991084,0.00002052053,0.0002424552,0.0002381487,0.000128789,0.0002616798],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992302,0.0004604041,0.00006346168,0.0001002892,0.00007881162,0.00006683168],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008352372,0.0006695614,0.6806533,0.003534407,0.0001489094,0.00002377981,0.0008935281,0.0009218125,0.002133482,0.0001898436,0.3083453,0.002402532],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00182873,0.001726819,0.2784928,0.001204519,0.0002150795,0.00003596584,0.00151484,0.01325408,0.02052175,0.003672046,0.6761054,0.001428003],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9718034,0.007127587,0.0001710989,0.001489821,0.0003134635,0.0003440723,0.01438059,0.00009875587,0.004271184],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9969181,0.0005917532,0.00003675234,0.0004683081,0.00003308032,0.00001384216,0.001501957,0.000002430354,0.0004337274],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4021605,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9892941,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}