{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":6,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":6,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12","author_layer_release":"2026-06-26"},"query_hash":"80ee87b9b57b","filters":{"venue":"Ecoproduction"}},"results":[{"id":"W2246955863","doi":"10.1007/978-3-642-23837-6_10","title":"Sustainability Issues Affecting the Successful Management and Recycling of End-of-Life Vehicles in Canada and the United States","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Ecoproduction","topic":"Recycling and Waste Management Techniques","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of Windsor","funders":"","keywords":"Automotive industry; Sustainability; Variety (cybernetics); Engineering; Manufacturing engineering; Business; Forensic engineering; Computer science","authors":[{"name":"Susan Sawyer-Beaulieu","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jacqueline Stagner","is_ca":true},{"name":"Edwin Tam","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.007798217108536459,"gpt":0.2135412638465504,"spread":0.2057430467380139,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001030804,0.0001534842,0.0002368464,0.00007258986,0.00009617062,0.00002380485,0.0001483188,0.00004322835,0.00008137275],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000703549,0.00009692291,0.00002355529,0.00008299057,0.0004170119,0.00008378702,0.0002605747,0.0001757512,7.679219e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002254374,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001662546,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.8160326,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.2383842,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988912,0.0000875864,0.0003483562,0.0003185068,0.0002237251,0.0001305779],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991978,0.0001385286,0.0002936538,0.0003281908,0.00002047529,0.0000212889],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004146365,0.0001028555,0.2115581,0.003698518,0.0004467846,0.00001139469,0.005703833,0.02158975,0.00007028371,0.01440182,0.02538469,0.7166173],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00298723,0.0003903124,0.3328144,0.001725623,0.0006308717,0.00001464458,0.03095744,0.0139419,0.003525025,0.3144175,0.2966274,0.001967713],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9802718,0.0006591281,0.00002682919,0.002881935,0.0001255193,0.001186181,0.000002880231,0.0000226351,0.01482316],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9800925,0.003673296,0.0001884026,0.00004034749,0.00004266335,0.00002288968,0.00001108227,0.00001703845,0.01591174],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7146496,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7755133,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4319993458","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-15412-6_1","title":"Impact of Internet of Things on Food Supply Chains","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Ecoproduction","topic":"Food Waste Reduction and Sustainability","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Supply chain; Internet of Things; Scarcity; Food supply; Investment (military); Food waste; Business; Risk analysis (engineering); Computer science; Industrial organization; Engineering; Marketing; Computer security; Economics; Waste management; Agricultural economics; Microeconomics","authors":[{"name":"Elkafi Hassini","is_ca":true},{"name":"Mohamed Ben‐Daya","is_ca":false},{"name":"Zied Bahroun","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02666947668135133,"gpt":0.2355832568116814,"spread":0.20891378013033,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002405065,0.0001915772,0.0003229072,0.00005107452,0.00003376076,0.000009583036,0.000142566,0.0002014424,0.0006118541],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008151759,0.00007766276,0.000336573,0.0000974726,0.0001014573,0.0000796881,0.00004749263,0.0002088925,0.00002642914],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001091987,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002150215,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002826119,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004080505,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988804,0.00002252377,0.0003395176,0.0003890575,0.000226162,0.000142356],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992857,0.00003795177,0.0003071515,0.0001254388,0.0001969256,0.00004685645],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0009644061,0.0006852045,0.001606688,0.000628509,0.00086512,0.000004668474,0.00167712,0.0001643594,0.03105503,0.0612619,0.04541741,0.8556696],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002020499,0.1034882,0.4965795,0.002872231,0.0005321792,0.0001789566,0.009573204,0.0003534407,0.07245545,0.1702112,0.1364982,0.005237001],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9549229,0.00006776295,4.880896e-7,0.0007317683,0.0008625492,0.0004035564,0.000101619,0.00009337706,0.04281599],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7847897,0.00006518552,0.000005223015,0.000006719554,0.0004088061,0.000003594249,0.0001209443,0.000002926536,0.2145969],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8504326,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6699374,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W98075363","doi":"10.1007/978-3-642-32081-1_1","title":"Dimensions of Sustainability Appraisal","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Ecoproduction","topic":"Corporate Social Responsibility Reporting","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"","keywords":"Sustainability; Sustainability organizations; Management science; Granularity; Business; Engineering; Environmental resource management; Environmental economics; Computer science; Economics; Ecology","authors":[{"name":"Marina G. Erechtchoukova","is_ca":true},{"name":"Peter A. Khaiter","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02187361046737477,"gpt":0.2575834362368455,"spread":0.2357098257694707,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007914255,0.0002694394,0.000428279,0.000282272,0.0001453748,0.00007604065,0.0001312727,0.000241034,0.001500823],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002678745,0.0002449108,0.0002055641,0.0001301455,0.0001765703,0.0006493594,0.0002271905,0.0003063468,0.0005299867],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001768899,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001708747,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004837888,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005234796,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9980855,0.000007496682,0.0007209066,0.0006091844,0.000362358,0.0002145796],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9963581,0.00005937782,0.001383962,0.0006905902,0.001495378,0.00001259927],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003146238,0.0003535011,0.005404252,0.00488102,0.0003451257,0.00003969166,0.000223691,0.0002754099,0.002209056,0.5502937,0.1616289,0.274031],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000120963,0.00001426812,0.002033467,0.00006847781,0.0001419054,0.000003877629,0.0001151773,0.00007413657,0.00007482617,0.2432224,0.753733,0.000397415],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.1091489,0.0001952959,0.00006600965,0.002244178,0.004540857,0.001954221,0.000005091142,0.0003898315,0.8814556],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.3282774,0.00001648938,0.0001732765,0.00008059397,0.006613665,0.00003384762,0.0001301159,0.0001261958,0.6645485],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5921041,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9994119,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W102757305","doi":"10.1007/978-3-642-32081-1_9","title":"How District Energy Systems can be Used to Reduce Infrastructure Costs and Environmental Burdens","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Ecoproduction","topic":"Building Energy and Comfort Optimization","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"FuelCell Energy (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Capital cost; Environmental economics; Business; Revenue; Flexibility (engineering); Electricity; Capital expenditure; Investment (military); Natural resource economics; Finance; Engineering; Economics","authors":[{"name":"Terri Chu","is_ca":true},{"name":"S. Yee","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.005920833751257197,"gpt":0.1561509381882124,"spread":0.1502301044369552,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00002899546,0.0002898297,0.000220528,0.0001288263,0.00007742803,0.0001162328,0.00007859203,0.0002769621,0.00007450346],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000004250888,0.0003103693,0.00003396826,0.00003045549,0.00002682582,0.0001198442,0.00003286483,0.000182968,0.000002870063],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003448205,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008574073,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006758864,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002467207,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991448,0.000006656926,0.0001578878,0.0003633008,0.0001645056,0.0001628733],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995108,0.000005656309,0.00006503415,0.0003070259,0.00001401914,0.00009744096],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008966183,0.000006136496,0.00001224206,0.00009460182,0.0001608289,0.00000426483,0.0001502282,0.87581,0.003578643,0.00512877,0.08828282,0.02676251],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002544775,0.00008296904,0.0001242838,0.0001558277,0.00009937926,0.0001254851,0.00008312292,0.02169616,0.003061079,0.0002746068,0.9730529,0.0009897694],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4174502,0.03659154,0.07572782,0.01265066,0.09074961,0.00914911,0.003678699,0.008839365,0.345163],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7462568,0.000793003,0.0002695893,0.00002444136,0.001560871,0.00005156222,0.0009357461,0.0001331138,0.2499749],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.88477,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999349,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W26599456","doi":"10.1007/978-3-642-23837-6_4","title":"Sustainability Issues for Vehicles and Fleet Vehicles Using Hybrid and Assistive Technologies","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Ecoproduction","topic":"Electric Vehicles and Infrastructure","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Windsor","funders":"","keywords":"Hybrid vehicle; Automotive engineering; Sustainability; Drivetrain; Fuel efficiency; Engineering; Internal combustion engine; Transport engineering; Power (physics); Torque","authors":[{"name":"Lindita Prendi","is_ca":true},{"name":"Simon Che Wen Tseng","is_ca":true},{"name":"Edwin Tam","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008775336413295703,"gpt":0.2159126154756842,"spread":0.2071372790623885,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001144734,0.0003131194,0.0003349645,0.0001510256,0.0001518413,0.00008304005,0.00007109717,0.0002894139,0.00001839054],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006859813,0.0003035836,0.00004651656,0.00003128448,0.0001609206,0.0002285385,0.00005327527,0.0003156824,0.000002173129],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001995861,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002250994,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002303969,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002707619,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989734,0.000005531037,0.0002318986,0.000457697,0.00009181129,0.0002397073],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994173,0.00002802715,0.00008128312,0.0002571563,0.000182804,0.00003343152],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004439236,0.00001238738,0.00027509,0.002204276,0.0003223614,0.000005458582,0.0001789356,0.001054513,0.00749515,0.009132359,0.05439748,0.9248776],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007058446,0.0004506473,0.003815704,0.0003385057,0.0003838554,0.0002623358,0.0005958474,0.03169634,0.0474439,0.4742376,0.4381104,0.001958994],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8845719,0.08506637,0.00267212,0.004478811,0.002002788,0.00507882,0.000338904,0.003757212,0.01203313],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9397444,0.005839665,0.009995349,0.0000246034,0.001702374,0.0001055666,0.0001065869,0.0002786016,0.04220285],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9229186,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999416,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W205455171","doi":"10.1007/978-3-642-23553-5_15","title":"Assessing Environmental Impact in Environmental Information Systems: Measurements and Monitoring","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Ecoproduction","topic":"Green IT and Sustainability","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"","keywords":"Environmental resource management; Environmental monitoring; Environmental science; Computer science; Environmental planning; Environmental engineering","authors":[{"name":"Marina G. Erechtchoukova","is_ca":true},{"name":"Peter A. Khaiter","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01883276128408805,"gpt":0.2150593330654869,"spread":0.1962265717813989,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003239661,0.0002650715,0.000216329,0.0001858639,0.00006041973,0.00009823907,0.0000454252,0.0002012232,0.00006162057],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000005416468,0.0002878993,0.00004563841,0.00001347873,0.00003307153,0.001772651,0.00002990539,0.0002895469,0.00006001474],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001676615,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008870057,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002101091,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":8.12478e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989918,0.0000136628,0.0003389739,0.0001761962,0.0002507962,0.0002285966],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996252,0.0000057394,0.00008486332,0.0002119974,0.00000470233,0.00006751846],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005091883,0.0001054942,0.5692842,0.001896057,0.0004117336,0.000007892019,0.003569031,0.03412479,0.008754013,0.00005427949,0.0005343228,0.3812073],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009947894,0.00009820949,0.9594328,0.0004654688,0.0001726775,0.000115817,0.001666113,0.002472524,0.001615315,0.0002549049,0.03102573,0.001685587],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9757597,0.006223426,0.00006038176,0.000005850254,0.002125264,0.0006809857,0.00002652872,0.0001280669,0.01498976],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9976479,0.000331396,0.00003478902,5.741535e-7,0.0005075948,0.00001461248,0.0000959409,0.00003673964,0.001330451],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3901486,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999573,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}