{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":556,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":556,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12"},"query_hash":"7c2a3b380850","filters":{"venue":"Ecoscience"}},"results":[{"id":"W2544148422","doi":"10.1080/11956860.2002.11682699","title":"A new method to measure spatial association for ecological count data","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecoscience","topic":"Spatial and Panel Data Analysis","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":261,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Statistics; Association (psychology); Scale (ratio); Spatial analysis; Measure (data warehouse); Spatial ecology; Swamp; Mathematics; Cluster analysis; Ecology; Cartography; Geography; Biology; Computer science; Data mining; Psychology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1745492559931147,"gpt":0.2990154308088853,"spread":0.1244661748157706,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.001707101,0.00008926479,0.0002511504,0.0001111203,0.0001481696,0.000131668,0.000781788,0.00007548826,0.00201893],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001492919,0.00009079211,0.00005827998,0.0004157902,0.000008462944,0.0003153151,0.0001556115,0.00006512913,0.001356799],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001468652,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001771148,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001448653,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001267096,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987042,0.00001802065,0.0003203412,0.0005924659,0.00007990771,0.0002850438],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989752,0.0001713896,0.0002013822,0.0004746154,0.00003693746,0.0001405339],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003420978,0.0003663076,0.1137673,0.00001931146,0.0001268187,0.000004169759,0.0007800935,0.0009292103,0.0003065452,0.03940207,0.6931829,0.1510811],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003438519,0.0001251333,0.03782471,0.000003581991,0.00001793065,0.000001078754,0.00001113627,0.2291707,0.00005272902,0.005974917,0.7262101,0.0002640995],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.001539611,0.000176035,0.984498,0.004915993,0.0005504246,0.000266364,0.001489571,0.00003164863,0.006532337],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7310327,0.0001085751,0.2410511,0.004181163,0.001149823,0.00007838353,0.0002804497,0.00002655675,0.0220913],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7434469,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9994208,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2150539973","doi":"10.2980/i1195-6860-12-3-289.1","title":"Global invasions of the western honeybee (<i>Apis mellifera</i>) and the consequences for biodiversity","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecoscience","topic":"Plant and animal studies","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":252,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Biodiversity; Beekeeping; Apiary; Biology; Pollinator; Pollination; Introduced species; Ecology; Population; Invasive species; Subspecies; Pollen","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.06073009934732434,"gpt":0.2085695146331049,"spread":0.1478394152857806,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002579886,0.00005308304,0.00008673107,0.000001619394,0.0006851896,0.0000309932,0.0003209171,0.00001779263,0.000009114397],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009008489,0.00001253696,0.0000483268,0.0001699592,0.0008820295,0.0000729266,0.0001371054,0.00002705697,0.000004787188],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000006896986,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006839416,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003227207,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.007730171,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995247,0.00003463498,0.00007752094,0.0001283096,0.0001097829,0.0001251041],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996068,0.0002665103,0.00005548345,0.00001827269,0.00002657569,0.00002638905],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001148936,0.00007193761,0.8547818,0.000008360436,0.00001684136,7.570337e-7,0.000592888,0.00000818617,0.1146838,0.004560626,0.01240007,0.01275991],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002714218,0.00008106363,0.9701526,0.000014249,0.00001514338,0.00001118428,0.0003996421,0.00006299085,0.006003125,0.001440393,0.02144717,0.0001010116],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9838026,0.0003165066,0.000002894458,0.015247,0.000044592,0.0001472728,0.0002041826,0.000008202613,0.0002267998],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988053,0.0001857078,0.00003325332,0.0008209232,0.00003872271,0.000003727104,5.680745e-7,5.518366e-8,0.0001117213],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1153708,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5269994,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2141337013","doi":"10.2980/1195-6860(2008)15[53:erffsi]2.0.co;2","title":"Ecological restoration for future sustainability in a changing environment","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecoscience","topic":"Peatlands and Wetlands Ecology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":248,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Restoration ecology; Sustainability; Ecology; Context (archaeology); Environmental restoration; Ecosystem services; Novel ecosystem; Environmental resource management; Ecosystem; Environmental ethics; Geography; Environmental science; Biology; Archaeology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01124153145986848,"gpt":0.2269243750803071,"spread":0.2156828436204386,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004757738,0.00007526984,0.00009680726,0.00006165211,0.0002582747,0.000007571517,0.0001711153,0.00006026449,0.0004095717],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008135153,0.0000623536,0.00002883798,0.0002724143,0.0002017205,0.0001700393,0.0001154223,0.00006506999,0.00004449546],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004439553,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002056636,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002273737,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000202553,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999004,0.0000343167,0.0001338011,0.0003314383,0.0001241602,0.0003722974],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997091,0.00004690448,0.00003952995,0.0001400754,0.00000341645,0.0000609221],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002750987,0.0002261675,0.9901678,0.000004718096,5.814857e-7,0.00002963342,0.00126383,0.003102881,0.0006853266,0.0004897993,0.001582159,0.002419576],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002619274,0.0001652361,0.9627707,7.125561e-7,8.568542e-7,0.00001293431,0.0001853033,0.005943994,0.0000807402,0.00141744,0.02905938,0.0001007994],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9950487,0.000009643214,0.002008514,0.001561507,0.0001180725,0.0003309027,0.000002330687,0.0000156165,0.0009047031],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998081,0.00002847141,0.001056987,0.0002031812,0.00006130434,0.0001047702,0.000004020589,0.000002848272,0.0004573629],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02747723,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4484523,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2142088077","doi":"10.2980/18-3-3463","title":"Shallow freshwater ecosystems of the circumpolar Arctic","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecoscience","topic":"Climate change and permafrost","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":234,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"GDG Environnement; Center for Northern Studies; Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique; Université du Québec à Rimouski; Université du Québec à Chicoutimi","funders":"","keywords":"Environmental science; Plankton; Phytoplankton; Water column; Biogeochemical cycle; Arctic; Ecology; Benthic zone; Dissolved organic carbon; Bacterioplankton; Ecosystem; Biomass (ecology); Trophic level; Oceanography; Zooplankton; Nutrient; Biology; Geology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05631218477274399,"gpt":0.2051974159825019,"spread":0.1488852312097579,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000276776,0.00007211784,0.00009080848,0.00003403969,0.0001373526,0.00002081748,0.0005107701,0.00003014783,0.01858282],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000282257,0.00004214715,0.00005360287,0.0002184438,0.0001421397,0.0001803007,0.00002312046,0.00006610611,0.000352638],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000002876054,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002539554,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01500796,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.1839788,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992086,0.00004014746,0.0001470761,0.0001718837,0.0002020378,0.0002302587],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995367,0.00003562059,0.00006999772,0.0002660102,0.00002652971,0.00006514052],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000002496248,0.000007768075,0.9973435,0.00001493789,0.000001368958,0.000001974378,0.001215013,0.000004871129,0.0009287269,0.00002966698,0.0002067213,0.0002429718],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00006283905,0.0000450319,0.9896926,0.00002856951,0.000004647428,0.00001910885,0.0001820309,0.002619307,0.001722758,0.0004821758,0.005050239,0.00009070922],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9905883,0.0001426201,0.000006963689,0.00007161962,0.0008937269,0.00009566492,0.0003963476,0.00001059382,0.007794139],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995317,0.00002261981,0.00005550514,0.0001892035,0.00004774371,6.188073e-7,0.00002153335,0.000001587466,0.0001294476],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1689709,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9915512,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2102799363","doi":"10.2980/19-3-3530","title":"Contribution of traditional knowledge to ecological restoration: Practices and applications","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecoscience","topic":"Conservation, Biodiversity, and Resource Management","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":193,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Chicoutimi; Université du Québec en Outaouais; Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue; Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Restoration ecology; Traditional knowledge; Environmental resource management; Geography; General partnership; Ecology; Political science; Environmental science; Biology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05035928184598855,"gpt":0.2654349591277181,"spread":0.2150756772817295,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003933794,0.00003783548,0.00004300951,0.00002491214,0.0002231694,0.00001486276,0.0001081607,0.00001976297,0.0003648849],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001308121,0.00003308203,0.00001061008,0.0002413257,0.0001667629,0.0002609458,0.0001210905,0.00002608317,0.0001819533],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006062752,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006533184,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002592448,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007339951,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995202,0.00002885334,0.00008216994,0.0001275927,0.0001315501,0.000109606],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996556,0.00007610102,0.00009102634,0.00007614231,0.00001439444,0.0000867354],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005383161,0.0003300123,0.9885815,0.000003934073,0.000001835737,1.190929e-7,0.0005404945,0.00006592977,0.002687369,0.003129144,0.001869463,0.002784816],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00005236394,0.00003531695,0.8834347,0.000001133556,0.000004789762,0.000001214691,0.00009137538,0.000160384,0.000192582,0.0001621026,0.1158232,0.00004084424],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9858618,0.00004386857,0.002911496,0.001065448,0.00007412968,0.0002506293,0.000007090113,0.0000123287,0.009773188],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987302,0.00000776764,0.0007941594,0.000169348,0.00004924638,0.00002300689,0.000004092069,7.220907e-7,0.0002214037],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1139537,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3995234,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2246067651","doi":"10.1080/11956860.2002.11682694","title":"Regeneration patterns of three Mediterranean pines and forest changes after a large wildfire in northeastern Spain","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecoscience","topic":"Fire effects on ecosystems","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":167,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Shrubland; Ecological succession; Mediterranean climate; Fire ecology; Regeneration (biology); Mediterranean Basin; Pinus <genus>; Fire regime; Forestry; Ecology; Range (aeronautics); Geography; Seedling; Disturbance (geology); Environmental science; Biology; Botany; Ecosystem","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0125323341968548,"gpt":0.1954433405168476,"spread":0.1829110063199928,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004425271,0.0001130123,0.000135165,0.00006251779,0.00005170077,0.0000249941,0.0001870758,0.00004187529,0.0003464915],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000440832,0.00009709594,0.00001661073,0.0002167628,0.0000922472,0.0003041226,0.000120337,0.00005798835,0.00005926385],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004251276,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000001883384,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001130218,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.2041533,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988961,0.00005233265,0.0001694363,0.0003259753,0.000284546,0.0002716046],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995912,0.0000366087,0.00007834966,0.0002210667,0.000003004492,0.0000697179],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003693821,0.00004808515,0.9824698,0.00002012654,6.40097e-7,0.00001052401,0.0008249607,0.00003214529,0.001662733,0.000003579928,0.00003448603,0.01488924],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002126348,0.0001013571,0.8149776,0.00006386517,0.000001733487,0.00000917806,0.00002340072,0.1836667,0.0003320891,0.00002206853,0.000478204,0.0001111806],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9981518,0.0001347132,0.0005515509,0.0005140697,0.0001799128,0.0002524088,0.00001437991,0.00001487286,0.0001863342],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995213,0.00003137599,0.00009768226,0.0001294804,0.00005028784,0.00004463091,0.000001697508,0.000008448318,0.0001151554],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2030231,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8103688,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1506666174","doi":"10.1080/11956860.2000.11682601","title":"Are epiphytic lichens in young forests limited by local dispersal?","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecoscience","topic":"Lichen and fungal ecology","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":164,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Lichen; Thallus; Epiphyte; Propagule; Taiga; Biology; Biological dispersal; Botany; Ecology; Population","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01116244752396847,"gpt":0.2046862763927976,"spread":0.1935238288688291,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001796874,0.0001115087,0.000144052,0.00001189375,0.0001420103,0.00004669304,0.0003564096,0.00008685449,0.001838883],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006672082,0.00004502891,0.00004372928,0.0005950357,0.0001840846,0.000183086,0.00004172241,0.0001307192,0.0003463064],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005040021,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006668354,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006461635,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.03115894,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988333,0.00004819867,0.0001667091,0.0003648067,0.000148474,0.0004384973],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996403,0.0001064809,0.00005291976,0.00005906589,0.00001652599,0.0001246649],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002229762,0.0001978379,0.9328989,0.000002661655,0.000001914853,0.00002125985,0.0001572614,0.0000422533,0.015546,0.0001229191,0.003394746,0.04759195],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009639623,0.000102787,0.9895428,0.000008466937,0.000001613944,0.000008346669,0.0001328515,0.00334722,0.0003958319,0.0001668503,0.006050995,0.0001458414],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9939185,0.00008266944,0.000006931764,0.001674889,0.0001215576,0.0001109186,0.00002244472,0.00004556069,0.004016535],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9976751,0.00003022458,0.00001290417,0.000810449,0.00006388894,0.0000139116,0.000009828053,6.700055e-7,0.001382977],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.05664391,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9990736,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2546384524","doi":"10.1080/11956860.2003.11682765","title":"Recent changes in treeline forest distribution and structure in interior Alaska","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecoscience","topic":"Tree-ring climate responses","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":160,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"U.S. Bureau of Land Management; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Tundra; Climate change; Ecology; Range (aeronautics); Black spruce; Tree line; Global warming; Environmental science; Physical geography; Taiga; Geography; Ecosystem; Biology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01416147000826017,"gpt":0.2293008957549661,"spread":0.2151394257467059,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000308173,0.00008108334,0.00009745918,0.00009327033,0.00004841393,0.00004536675,0.0001122126,0.00003639708,0.0003538413],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003400907,0.00006590354,0.000006676572,0.0004245171,0.00009055615,0.0001532281,0.00001025458,0.00008700554,0.00001165803],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001386845,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003326558,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002712686,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.2011183,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991935,0.00007140072,0.0001203969,0.0002376417,0.0001164228,0.0002606528],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997088,0.00009028538,0.00003406113,0.00009321677,0.000009830183,0.00006380559],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001729295,0.000004783025,0.9533758,0.000004832844,2.457461e-7,0.000011076,0.00008559534,0.0002361147,0.0002041752,0.00002365535,0.00001907222,0.04601736],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001666593,0.00006494427,0.9888012,0.00002426068,7.007789e-7,0.00001899519,0.00008518735,0.002458603,0.0005510049,0.00020261,0.00754344,0.00008241063],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9983886,0.0005372222,0.00001554117,0.000449405,0.0001865137,0.00009106482,0.0001123881,0.00001196967,0.0002072812],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989998,0.0006710686,0.0001915174,0.00006125776,0.00001060458,7.56787e-7,0.00003016085,0.000001222486,0.00003360431],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2008471,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8134592,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2092011964","doi":"10.2980/1195-6860(2007)14[362:lhofrs]2.0.co;2","title":"Life histories of female red squirrels and their contributions to population growth and lifetime fitness","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecoscience","topic":"Animal Ecology and Behavior Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":155,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"McGill University; University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Biology; Population; Demography; Longevity; Reproduction; Juvenile; Survivorship curve; Litter; Population growth; Seasonal breeder; Population projection; Offspring; Vital rates; Mortality rate; Ecology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01037343929326662,"gpt":0.2594974640212369,"spread":0.2491240247279702,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003482552,0.00006663911,0.0001117419,0.00002701508,0.0002833745,0.000007060712,0.00007969563,0.0000367327,0.00006269248],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004239496,0.00005406297,0.00001147835,0.000187025,0.0004356465,0.0001480572,0.0001582583,0.00003906854,0.000005621604],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004842311,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007279436,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001718798,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002965732,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994057,0.00001462803,0.0001325215,0.0001974069,0.00008172073,0.000168042],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996672,0.00007659476,0.00005156838,0.0000658985,0.000012259,0.0001265136],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001633193,0.00003062024,0.9795497,0.000003008799,0.000001216353,8.614001e-7,0.0009811331,0.000005710541,0.01770315,0.001002818,0.0001822593,0.000523207],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009208751,0.0001085929,0.9961042,0.00000285535,0.000004430066,0.00000276412,0.0002291059,0.00002422487,0.002695322,0.0002350554,0.000432379,0.00006901328],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9972848,0.00005058517,0.0008536095,0.000908701,0.00009597086,0.0001091825,0.00001175635,0.00001317713,0.0006722459],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993053,0.00000953601,0.0003728491,0.0001459286,0.00001069088,0.000004560283,9.106776e-7,0.000002043553,0.0001481797],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01655448,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2204624,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2157983306","doi":"10.2980/1195-6860(2006)13[439:ctfdra]2.0.co;2","title":"Controlling the false discovery rate and increasing statistical power in ecological studies","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecoscience","topic":"Philosophy and History of Science","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":147,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"University of Michigan","keywords":"False discovery rate; Bonferroni correction; Multiple comparisons problem; Null hypothesis; Harm; Statistical power; Computer science; Econometrics; Null (SQL); Statistics; Mathematics; Data mining; Psychology; Biology; Social psychology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04254811023570093,"gpt":0.2524426895945887,"spread":0.2098945793588877,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009768838,0.00007547334,0.000125389,0.00004424946,0.0007400461,0.0002501931,0.0001566813,0.00001211179,0.00005406653],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000269653,0.00004438579,0.00001560528,0.000043557,0.002237931,0.0005135846,0.00005879262,0.00009190271,0.00001184009],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003705045,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002437702,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002290995,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001994982,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992101,0.00008853679,0.0001557845,0.0002153758,0.0001250312,0.0002051865],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992208,0.0006096658,0.00004440765,0.00007487855,0.00002509684,0.0000250821],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001886793,0.00005262115,0.001230467,0.000003768003,0.000001573222,0.00001844686,0.003879058,0.00004507444,0.0004882555,0.9938084,0.0003342639,0.0001191774],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009737223,0.0004107301,0.2802391,0.00008338222,0.00002086465,0.00002250568,0.009863238,0.003085471,0.00006502293,0.6445249,0.0601292,0.0005818389],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9815657,0.0007637031,0.00006533258,0.001219339,0.0003439831,0.00008513539,0.00001336145,0.00001577727,0.01592765],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998846,0.00002397388,0.00006509222,0.0005116079,0.0001015938,0.000006975548,3.577848e-7,0.00000198573,0.0004423946],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3492835,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8245749,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2066912011","doi":"10.2980/1195-6860(2007)14[420:pebiia]2.0.co;2","title":"Problems encountered by individuals in animal translocations: Lessons from field studies","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecoscience","topic":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":147,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Chromosomal translocation; Wildlife; Biology; Population; Habitat; Ecology; Genetics; Environmental health; Medicine","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03128800687562796,"gpt":0.3004501605159326,"spread":0.2691621536403047,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007359774,0.00007901943,0.00009345022,0.00003584904,0.0001502209,0.00001712714,0.0002668,0.00006155424,0.0004974867],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000158347,0.00007514346,0.0000165071,0.0003711291,0.000199544,0.0003863959,0.00006007503,0.0001061216,0.00015197],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008954616,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001439216,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005464523,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.007799051,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990325,0.00003139656,0.0002134757,0.000299435,0.0001727222,0.0002505006],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994814,0.0002845115,0.00005745622,0.0001283281,0.000005810658,0.00004251028],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006086862,0.0000820412,0.979974,0.000001664136,0.00000333339,0.000002088145,0.001784826,0.00005688941,0.008209695,0.0001166317,0.007620731,0.00214203],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001700823,0.00007384252,0.9900583,0.00001518884,0.000003447658,9.882266e-7,0.0005156776,0.000203266,0.003064593,0.002204204,0.003578442,0.0001119425],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9905468,0.000171075,0.00103306,0.005614062,0.0001120896,0.0001488161,0.000009769151,0.00002171562,0.00234259],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9971946,0.00005224299,0.0006991372,0.001764498,0.00001161739,0.00002492156,0.000004356451,0.000002902021,0.000245761],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01008434,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5447131,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2188664471","doi":"10.1080/11956860.2003.11682778","title":"Scavenging on European bison carcasses in Bialowieza Primeval Forest (eastern Poland)","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecoscience","topic":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":139,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Vulpes; Carrion; Biology; Vulture; Ecology; Guild; Animal science; Eagle; Predation; Zoology; Habitat","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01386466297809596,"gpt":0.2184355171882333,"spread":0.2045708542101373,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007008157,0.00009050911,0.00007366262,0.00005983218,0.0001527432,0.00003047165,0.0002215014,0.00002885589,0.0002804114],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002037658,0.00008419037,0.00002139631,0.0003600444,0.0001262859,0.0002603147,0.00005710192,0.0001082964,0.001187357],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001008801,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001876868,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001201184,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001076872,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989265,0.0001545273,0.0001397455,0.0003089577,0.0001792593,0.0002910638],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999656,0.00006019431,0.00004638005,0.0001719237,0.000002972846,0.00006254673],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003324831,0.00004437892,0.9965401,9.729057e-7,4.000531e-7,0.00001337664,0.0001231455,0.001377442,0.0005268527,0.0003450476,0.0001868384,0.0008380904],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001832879,0.00006491531,0.9950398,0.0000124484,0.00000126149,0.000006866975,0.00002624412,0.001649464,0.0002480072,0.0002537223,0.002407813,0.0001062045],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.951376,0.000008660725,0.0002234822,0.0002269622,0.0002522429,0.00009970732,7.417154e-7,0.0000244752,0.04778768],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984406,0.000003014562,0.0002958995,0.0006758655,0.00001838264,0.000004322787,8.622779e-7,0.000006969211,0.0005540652],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.04723362,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995903,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2179901608","doi":"10.2980/i1195-6860-13-3-334.1","title":"Microsite differentiation among conifer species during seedling establishment at alpine treeline","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecoscience","topic":"Tree-ring climate responses","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":131,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Microsite; Picea engelmannii; Abies lasiocarpa; Seedling; Ecotone; Ecology; Ecological succession; Alpine plant; Biology; Pioneer species; Shade tolerance; Pinus contorta; Botany; Habitat; Canopy","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008793207949151467,"gpt":0.1902184938192212,"spread":0.1814252858700698,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002470275,0.0001661543,0.0001587266,0.000150016,0.0004863689,0.0002390562,0.0002718685,0.00004393165,0.001457067],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005356659,0.0001414616,0.00005340611,0.0003416419,0.0001887986,0.0005143146,0.00004932033,0.00008515729,0.0002597794],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003806427,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002251626,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001650503,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01701182,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998402,0.0000463694,0.000283958,0.0004158676,0.0003745866,0.0004772398],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994067,0.000117401,0.0001254998,0.0002144665,0.00003462782,0.0001012873],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002641339,0.00001717753,0.9428039,0.0000125199,0.000002005557,0.00001252014,0.00005243807,0.004491864,0.05213917,0.000009093128,0.0001376287,0.0002953265],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002386262,0.00002939493,0.9574791,0.00002617123,0.000006729341,0.00001390515,0.00002799269,0.007452134,0.03382964,0.00002373273,0.0006929622,0.0001796673],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9966053,0.0002352932,0.00011678,0.000149363,0.0003936242,0.0001275891,0.00007074016,0.0001031727,0.002198164],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9941381,0.00005077825,0.0004293367,0.00003157368,0.000153704,0.00000121649,0.0000934234,0.000004548982,0.0050973],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01830952,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9994557,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2542346334","doi":"10.1080/11956860.2002.11682706","title":"Extending community ecology to landscapes","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecoscience","topic":"Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":120,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Australian National University","keywords":"Ecology; Ordination; Vegetation (pathology); Geography; Spatial ecology; Landscape ecology; Spatial analysis; Plant community; Community; Scale (ratio); Species richness; Ecosystem; Cartography; Habitat; Remote sensing; Biology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01999468208106339,"gpt":0.2413692741119338,"spread":0.2213745920308704,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003457101,0.00006010313,0.0000727786,0.0000308004,0.0007171746,0.00001332239,0.0003007541,0.00002737637,0.003272501],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001669009,0.00005486564,0.00001633911,0.0002565563,0.0001481909,0.0001367279,0.0002822307,0.0001227088,0.003856386],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006166976,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000001263309,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003127598,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003563216,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993699,0.00007680123,0.00008957257,0.0001498945,0.000085962,0.0002278707],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996113,0.0001351436,0.0000273642,0.0001532538,0.00000404089,0.00006889846],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000002490365,0.000193446,0.970268,0.000003034898,0.000003994944,0.00000676227,0.003399536,0.004987753,0.002177855,0.001485148,0.0116726,0.005799416],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00008803394,0.0001102523,0.9701006,0.000002035175,0.000002407475,0.000008722974,0.000173086,0.0202308,0.00009490932,0.001120288,0.007949299,0.0001195414],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9434252,0.00001103526,0.0004301062,0.001260148,0.0002039071,0.00007025431,0.000001342971,0.00003571353,0.05456234],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9953381,0.00001545288,0.001302575,0.001172447,0.000008954267,0.00001496172,3.205122e-7,0.000002592107,0.002144591],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.05241774,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9976386,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2539514800","doi":"10.1080/11956860.2001.11682677","title":"Between-species patterns of covariation in plant size, seed size and fecundity in monocarpic herbs","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecoscience","topic":"Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":112,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Fecundity; Biology; Ecology; Allometry; Botany; Zoology; Population; Demography","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01310350238373242,"gpt":0.2243529164129617,"spread":0.2112494140292293,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004046451,0.00006760841,0.000130143,0.00003496326,0.00007162277,0.000009549119,0.0001189521,0.00004257989,0.0001368073],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002026084,0.00006468644,0.00001093167,0.0002730971,0.0001720501,0.0002103322,0.0001088642,0.00007956508,0.0000110384],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009111447,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006997177,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005634935,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0151814,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992546,0.00004829923,0.0001910747,0.0002141141,0.0001196286,0.0001723162],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994363,0.0003769979,0.00007402275,0.00008088923,0.000004004183,0.00002778196],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004634012,0.00003072323,0.9977092,0.000003489752,0.000001024563,0.000003726614,0.0007240917,0.0005600547,0.0006297576,0.0001621361,0.000003529476,0.000167686],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002575699,0.00003600021,0.9961941,0.000009374377,0.000001691005,0.000001673095,0.00014494,0.001985596,0.00009155062,0.001168674,0.00004078958,0.00006807314],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9978001,0.0000160752,0.000226021,0.0002754341,0.00006220132,0.000103705,0.00001079643,0.000006633163,0.001499098],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992994,0.0001366738,0.0002497408,0.00006870554,0.000006566418,0.000007794305,0.000001364207,0.000001994104,0.0002277415],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01461791,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8471577,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2067190904","doi":"10.2980/18-3-3469","title":"Environmental change in the Great Whale River region, Hudson Bay: Five decades of multidisciplinary research by Centre d'études nordiques (CEN)","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecoscience","topic":"Climate change and permafrost","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":110,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"GDG Environnement; Université du Québec à Rimouski; Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique; Université Laval; Center for Northern Studies","funders":"","keywords":"Bay; Tundra; Environmental change; Permafrost; Shore; Vegetation (pathology); Wetland; Physical geography; Holocene; Geography; Climate change; Oceanography; Tree line; Geology; Ecology; Arctic","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1430241090522165,"gpt":0.3024231134483676,"spread":0.1593990043961512,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007207515,0.0001163725,0.0001261002,0.0001134792,0.0002526096,0.00003163219,0.0006043076,0.00006125386,0.002287389],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002312172,0.00007853535,0.00003796301,0.0003580031,0.000643638,0.0005489502,0.00006872505,0.0001807905,0.0001315216],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000121627,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001734351,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01567287,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.03754914,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984382,0.0002083248,0.0001698297,0.0003375816,0.0004127731,0.0004333019],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993958,0.0001944237,0.00005973649,0.000249148,0.00001662213,0.000084245],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002688102,0.00006838566,0.956835,0.00001016765,0.000001284088,0.00003117885,0.03797056,0.000001120756,0.0002200481,0.00001929404,0.00129393,0.003522104],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000129283,0.0001632677,0.9886812,0.00004095075,0.000002608476,0.00001338238,0.006695081,0.001173862,0.000765767,0.0001696289,0.002048817,0.0001161571],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9948921,0.001018294,0.00000165886,0.0004260637,0.00009249961,0.0002851398,0.0005930052,0.000008205205,0.002682984],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.997838,0.001511779,0.0001032213,0.0001641225,0.00005380367,0.000005160077,0.0001368724,0.000003065197,0.0001840376],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03184615,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9986247,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1997663873","doi":"10.2980/18-3-3453","title":"The tundra food web of Bylot Island in a changing climate and the role of exchanges between ecosystems","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecoscience","topic":"Climate change and permafrost","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":109,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Rimouski; Université Laval; Center for Northern Studies","funders":"","keywords":"Tundra; Trophic level; Food web; Ecosystem; Ecology; Arctic; Terrestrial ecosystem; Resource (disambiguation); Primary producers; Environmental science; Geography; Biology; Nutrient; Phytoplankton","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0332915292963076,"gpt":0.2085020634667912,"spread":0.1752105341704836,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001444423,0.00007980278,0.0001761342,0.0001153593,0.0002120093,0.00002971073,0.0003144059,0.00002877614,0.000210322],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003489485,0.00004198432,0.00002928464,0.0004080776,0.0003495713,0.0001339051,0.00005256807,0.00006312011,0.000008477346],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000001631324,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002034198,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001650364,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.1342701,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990478,0.00008109357,0.0002175855,0.0001486143,0.0001625003,0.0003423943],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992746,0.0003678146,0.0001334188,0.000164905,0.00001936815,0.00003994047],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002991454,0.000004612663,0.9890585,0.00002706499,0.000003557016,5.114011e-7,0.006357193,0.000001861064,0.0001491255,0.0005031179,0.000007980174,0.00385655],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008583778,0.0003751426,0.961604,0.0001348173,0.00001934153,0.00001380612,0.01124761,0.01675257,0.00223337,0.002472328,0.004085775,0.0002028584],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9870073,0.003093633,0.000001995599,0.0000898784,0.0001296251,0.0001748001,0.0008913099,0.000004982696,0.008606515],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986678,0.00122328,0.000009552974,0.00002084821,0.00004316786,0.00000267493,0.00001302091,0.000001813314,0.00001786423],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1326197,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8815272,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2248106248","doi":"10.1080/11956860.2003.11682793","title":"Deer populations up, hunter populations down: Implications of interdependence of deer and hunter population dynamics on management","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecoscience","topic":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":107,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Brown University; New York State Department of Environmental Conservation","keywords":"Odocoileus; Wildlife; Wildlife management; Recreation; Geography; Abundance (ecology); Population; Ecology; Ecosystem; Fencing; Agroforestry; Biology; Demography","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02058651061323472,"gpt":0.2611679806273929,"spread":0.2405814700141582,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002862653,0.0001101564,0.0001240618,0.000107173,0.0002066455,0.00001513006,0.0001994119,0.00006230669,0.0004674197],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007893653,0.0001082875,0.00003928816,0.0004036615,0.0001953999,0.0004463468,0.0000949073,0.00007808172,0.00003739631],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001194678,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007089832,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001280997,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001949808,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988707,0.00006083598,0.0003558642,0.0003244,0.0002070393,0.0001811358],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993621,0.00004081503,0.0001943401,0.0003230334,0.00002351522,0.00005616373],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005000665,0.00006463435,0.9086763,0.000005638665,0.000003060321,1.780825e-7,0.00009701242,0.001481099,0.0001577254,0.08791137,0.0001892538,0.001408779],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001423396,0.00004524677,0.9820391,0.00001723279,0.00001652907,0.000004554443,0.00007346544,0.003358498,0.0001082542,0.01398647,0.0001049508,0.0001033816],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9743226,0.00000579905,0.0127672,0.0006038109,0.0002651893,0.0002714893,0.00001802744,0.00001645949,0.01172944],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9935403,0.000005646468,0.005425489,0.000260941,0.000004729992,0.00002940413,0.00002238582,0.000006584345,0.0007044839],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0739249,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5117918,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2541461462","doi":"10.1080/11956860.2001.11682649","title":"Ecological and taxonomic differences between native and introduced plants of southwestern Ontario","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecoscience","topic":"Botany, Ecology, and Taxonomy Studies","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":105,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of Windsor","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Biology; Introduced species; Ecology; Habitat; Seed dispersal; Biological dispersal; Juncus; Wetland","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05048429724077791,"gpt":0.2186291905418936,"spread":0.1681448933011156,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002017258,0.0001106576,0.0002456309,0.00001212374,0.0002388164,0.00003210955,0.0001666834,0.00005994704,0.00009741687],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005521771,0.00004313722,0.00002171426,0.00008975294,0.0004467224,0.0001118443,0.0001590635,0.0000874387,0.00000449988],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002407515,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001085774,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007056473,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.1372441,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991388,0.00003999185,0.0001719899,0.0003419578,0.00007762089,0.0002296027],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994313,0.0003328431,0.0001041162,0.00003222866,0.00002163172,0.00007789702],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007675175,0.00002741287,0.9951243,0.000001094673,0.000006615815,0.00000148558,0.00006874462,7.394564e-8,0.001951659,0.000009235851,0.00001958558,0.002782048],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009602949,0.0003476541,0.997265,0.000005050861,0.00000584784,0.000006321979,0.0004756975,0.000008453841,0.0001186166,0.0003473018,0.001222503,0.0001014911],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9984159,0.0000798439,0.000003405117,0.0004539161,0.00009075148,0.0001345572,0.0000230536,0.00001430049,0.0007842457],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994746,0.0001104957,0.00007639339,0.00005684225,0.00007767144,0.00001048646,7.064519e-7,2.562698e-7,0.0001924918],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1365385,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8784989,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2043223604","doi":"10.2980/1195-6860(2007)14[146:nnadop]2.0.co;2","title":"Neutrality, niches, and determinants of plankton metacommunity structure across boreal wetland ponds","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecoscience","topic":"Coastal wetland ecosystem dynamics","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":104,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Rural Development Administration","keywords":"Zooplankton; Phytoplankton; Ecology; Plankton; Community structure; Metacommunity; Environmental science; Spatial ecology; Biology; Biological dispersal; Nutrient","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":0,"score":{"opus":0.01093842805199294,"gpt":0.268610974163778,"spread":0.2576725461117851,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001075051,0.000144746,0.0002132821,0.00002943662,0.0002449598,0.0000435149,0.0004901156,0.00007799601,0.00009502748],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005156857,0.0001206863,0.00003357647,0.0003065214,0.0003906699,0.0003208772,0.000694647,0.0001561095,0.000009368036],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006733435,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001016399,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002469793,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.1102326,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985917,0.00004310131,0.0003001199,0.000298496,0.0003129337,0.0004536326],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992082,0.0001018722,0.0001450766,0.0003725837,0.000008208854,0.0001641131],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002108159,0.00002483112,0.977938,0.00001998319,0.000001864885,0.000008866952,0.0007402642,0.00004208057,0.01423528,0.00001961994,0.00004330983,0.006904842],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001913763,0.0000780368,0.9872947,0.00001173719,0.000005705948,0.00006817872,0.0001900378,0.003124516,0.008087668,0.0003608539,0.0004362925,0.0001509515],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9974326,0.00001849534,0.0001518424,0.0000217548,0.0001475854,0.0001197644,0.0001762222,0.00001930929,0.001912429],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994032,0.00001226198,0.000406013,0.00004235561,0.00001326235,9.441155e-7,0.000006246881,0.000007268803,0.0001084936],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1077628,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9060034,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2142124140","doi":"10.2980/15-4-3100","title":"Black bear adaptation to low productivity in the boreal forest","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecoscience","topic":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":99,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Ministère des Ressources naturelles et des Forêts; Center for Northern Studies; Ministère des Ressources naturelles et des Forêts (Québec); Université du Québec à Rimouski","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Fonds Québécois de la Recherche sur la Nature et les Technologies","keywords":"Clearcutting; Ecology; Taiga; Threatened species; Ursus; Geography; Boreal; Black spruce; Population; Habitat; Predation; Disturbance (geology); Vegetation (pathology); Range (aeronautics); Biology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01959557511603035,"gpt":0.2175831856486789,"spread":0.1979876105326485,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004774076,0.00005057739,0.00004380292,0.00002215788,0.0001902274,0.0000101804,0.0002662279,0.0000236948,0.00006473558],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001670467,0.00003818121,0.00001146634,0.0005020683,0.0002782124,0.0003280839,0.00005030011,0.00007257663,0.0005940581],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005735576,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002163199,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006191267,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.007378034,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992603,0.00005750635,0.00008485454,0.0002338985,0.0001889084,0.0001745086],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999719,0.00004470643,0.00002749312,0.0001721293,0.000004225181,0.00003248914],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005623422,0.00005939448,0.9851015,5.94496e-7,1.818819e-7,0.00000561429,0.003298323,0.006392015,0.000137834,0.0001006289,0.003753136,0.001145208],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00005083761,0.00004608863,0.9928867,0.000001609137,5.298548e-7,0.000006910597,0.0001445817,0.00517765,0.00006189808,0.0003812351,0.001189022,0.00005295101],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9897096,0.000001047126,0.0007493718,0.004083779,0.00008244999,0.0002204373,6.758678e-7,0.00001126442,0.005141434],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.997555,0.00000208337,0.0005303293,0.001528079,0.00003277316,0.00002547054,0.000001207248,0.000001931347,0.0003231861],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.007845399,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7635613,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2142099870","doi":"10.2980/i1195-6860-12-3-391.1","title":"Species richness of alien plants in South Africa: Environmental correlates and the relationship with indigenous plant species richness","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecoscience","topic":"Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":98,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"DST-NRF Centre of Excellence for Invasion Biology; University of Cape Town; Department of Science and Technology, Ministry of Science and Technology, India; National Research Foundation","keywords":"Species richness; Alien; Ecology; Introduced species; Herbarium; Invasive species; Body size and species richness; Geography; Biodiversity; Biology; Vegetation (pathology); Population; Demography","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0123601168046776,"gpt":0.1852701664291344,"spread":0.1729100496244567,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004487155,0.0001242754,0.0001750101,0.00006023483,0.0003949373,0.00001936986,0.000255258,0.00004755101,0.0001220681],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005689465,0.00007946265,0.00001801765,0.0002361435,0.00187944,0.0002374854,0.0001748257,0.0001437096,0.00005730732],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008881759,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001048881,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009869391,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007822791,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989327,0.00006803757,0.0002222643,0.0002699944,0.0002461052,0.0002609253],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992289,0.0004328768,0.0001500823,0.0001476822,0.000002308854,0.00003815668],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004794394,0.00005775071,0.9603775,0.000002550374,0.000004335202,0.000003834797,0.03492742,0.003263664,0.0001005005,0.001158533,0.00001560759,0.00004035346],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005658312,0.00005179135,0.9915714,0.00001110114,0.000008247716,0.0000163916,0.004076225,0.002820626,0.00008778457,0.00049291,0.0001791752,0.000118503],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9943727,0.0001928686,0.0002137024,0.0001651693,0.00005386475,0.0002346361,0.00003786877,0.00001111797,0.004718021],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9980285,0.00007773843,0.0002408909,0.00004498609,0.00001045067,0.00002192288,0.000004169178,0.000004807545,0.001566541],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03119391,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6924875,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2148030082","doi":"10.1080/11956860.2004.11682812","title":"Predicting plant species diversity in a longleaf pine landscape","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecoscience","topic":"Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":97,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Species richness; Biodiversity; Ecology; Ecosystem; Wetland; Riparian zone; Geography; Species diversity; Ecosystem diversity; Disturbance (geology); Biology; Habitat","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01373375580472012,"gpt":0.2015903973912406,"spread":0.1878566415865205,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002190421,0.00005878065,0.00007024749,0.00003338467,0.0003754949,0.000009957578,0.0001991849,0.0000251998,0.0003295449],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000728473,0.00005319018,0.00001497363,0.0002536869,0.0002198128,0.0002070546,0.0004941504,0.00007930526,0.0001900922],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001089374,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007906569,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002260278,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01204869,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993457,0.00001164752,0.00009059443,0.0002105435,0.0001395529,0.0002019701],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998139,0.00003185181,0.00003584729,0.00007949553,0.000002715818,0.00003617875],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000002927024,0.00003773154,0.9870255,0.000001272649,7.937024e-7,0.00001314656,0.001219309,0.01100175,0.0001773747,0.0004201537,0.00006504713,0.00003502643],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00023734,0.0000358157,0.9937022,0.000006048834,0.000001405709,0.000005375228,0.0002259958,0.00428015,0.00007101738,0.001266562,0.0001006658,0.00006737445],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9788569,0.00001438592,0.0003149479,0.0004166562,0.0001425135,0.00006377765,0.000005110796,0.00002401479,0.02016173],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987966,0.00002472404,0.0005945717,0.0001660858,0.000008947475,0.000003133579,0.000001388922,0.000001534354,0.0004029548],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01993979,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.672345,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2067114561","doi":"10.2980/1195-6860(2007)14[507:crogae]2.0.co;2","title":"Climate relationships of growth and establishment across the altitudinal range of Fagus sylvatica in the Montseny Mountains, northeast Spain","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecoscience","topic":"Tree-ring climate responses","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":95,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Fagus sylvatica; Temperate climate; Range (aeronautics); Altitude (triangle); Climate change; Biome; Ecology; Physical geography; Geography; Temperate rainforest; Precipitation; Climatology; Beech; Ecosystem; Biology; Geology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02535467121529563,"gpt":0.2579955014024991,"spread":0.2326408301872035,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004960317,0.0000931225,0.000132773,0.00007766715,0.0003165984,0.00005296434,0.0004165077,0.00003171059,0.0000215073],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005712762,0.0000518958,0.00002601779,0.000639083,0.0005108946,0.0002501555,0.00003408819,0.0001557679,0.000006779007],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000005646691,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003211805,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002262028,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02431428,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984949,0.0002068152,0.0003242618,0.0001950399,0.0004030207,0.0003759921],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9979351,0.001612579,0.0001483808,0.0002227829,0.00003170642,0.00004951132],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005765082,0.00002234848,0.9943529,0.00002329526,0.000001446493,0.000006617782,0.001895951,0.000158703,0.00005756284,0.0005200065,0.00000441145,0.002899159],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001500153,0.00007116485,0.9951822,0.00002588383,0.000004179528,0.00001722287,0.00261669,0.001559048,0.0001051343,0.000157848,0.00005039353,0.00006028443],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9976065,0.0003302736,0.00008511495,0.0004561729,0.00006664719,0.0002275534,0.00009470042,0.000007973932,0.001125059],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994412,0.000123327,0.0003537907,0.00005511781,0.00001376067,0.000001360327,0.000003284444,0.000001675841,0.0000064771],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02205225,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9934894,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2133959209","doi":"10.2980/1195-6860(2007)14[230:ibfjit]2.0.co;2","title":"Invasion by Fallopia japonica increases topsoil mineral nutrient concentrations","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecoscience","topic":"Botany and Plant Ecology Studies","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":94,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Nutrient; Topsoil; Biomass (ecology); Agronomy; Dominance (genetics); Soil fertility; Environmental science; Biology; Botany; Ecology; Soil water","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01420808001377031,"gpt":0.2108210337058622,"spread":0.1966129536920919,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003772255,0.000092856,0.0001041714,0.000006217402,0.0005154005,0.00003715628,0.0002301969,0.00006058354,0.0002426323],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001391376,0.00003669875,0.00003670678,0.0002911602,0.0001715667,0.0001414659,0.00006746485,0.0000766364,0.000051216],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002503769,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001085291,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003341616,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006971171,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990476,0.00003197795,0.0001677395,0.0002588598,0.0001506811,0.0003430782],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993572,0.0003980933,0.00005644611,0.00003928546,0.00003731021,0.0001116382],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003018684,0.0002621918,0.1709557,0.000002004822,0.000006238047,0.00001386663,0.00009100827,0.000001018746,0.784524,0.002523198,0.03415859,0.007432018],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001307739,0.000234494,0.8639153,0.00001047894,0.000006221885,0.00001686866,0.0003086413,0.0000430139,0.01098389,0.000337563,0.1238087,0.0002040521],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9946163,0.0002726853,0.00002039028,0.001312673,0.0002116669,0.0001049598,0.0000630244,0.00004581605,0.003352509],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9980457,0.000126913,0.00007749704,0.0008673831,0.00009649761,0.000005598907,0.00003262623,2.625733e-7,0.0007475675],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7735401,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3964096,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2545237467","doi":"10.1080/11956860.2004.11682831","title":"Phenological patterns of<i>Quercus ilex, Phillyrea latifolia</i>, and<i>Arbutus unedo</i>growing under a field experimental drought","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecoscience","topic":"Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":92,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Phenology; Throughfall; Mediterranean climate; Biology; Plant litter; Botany; Agronomy; Horticulture; Canopy; Ecology; Ecosystem","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008427952121982933,"gpt":0.2117078985015093,"spread":0.2032799463795264,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001343038,0.0001285537,0.0001411376,0.00003169886,0.0001415953,0.00003264785,0.0002484499,0.00007331104,0.0002643259],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000157367,0.0001062568,0.00004390508,0.0001845137,0.000177931,0.0003891915,0.0002419283,0.0001158475,0.00004067542],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009784585,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001188623,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004811139,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007755134,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988948,0.00002155028,0.0002024789,0.0003433891,0.0002607095,0.0002771062],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996079,0.00003942916,0.00006542641,0.0001859517,0.000003644342,0.00009765376],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006995405,0.001019502,0.3585966,0.00003050498,0.00003397334,0.0001559306,0.004272161,0.06738298,0.501178,0.05838995,0.0001112155,0.008759253],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.006208694,0.002201644,0.3761845,0.0003607965,0.00009945357,0.0007640155,0.0020995,0.06436711,0.4899268,0.04905348,0.005680092,0.003053992],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9913449,0.00005510304,0.004088316,0.0004101784,0.0001325945,0.0001033277,0.00001334089,0.00003470263,0.003817496],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9981297,0.00004236043,0.001100378,0.0005722938,0.00001606484,0.000008686956,0.000003682673,0.000006073593,0.0001207343],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01758789,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4333028,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2160964671","doi":"10.2980/17-3-3337","title":"Winter habitat selection by caribou in relation to lichen abundance, wildfires, grazing, and landscape characteristics in northwest Alaska","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecoscience","topic":"Indigenous Studies and Ecology","field":"Health Professions","cited_by":89,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Lichen; Trampling; Range (aeronautics); Grazing; Abundance (ecology); Ecology; Habitat; Grazing pressure; Population; Environmental science; Geography; Biology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.009609225774482146,"gpt":0.3031834528357891,"spread":0.2935742270613069,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006859805,0.00009029566,0.0001650679,0.0001338414,0.0009378928,0.00001321247,0.00009954681,0.0001288889,0.00004458601],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000245113,0.0000850862,0.00001000627,0.0003381464,0.00004966044,0.0001414823,0.0001010593,0.0005127309,0.00006457863],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001271682,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001252434,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004548002,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.7222615,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986887,0.00006211499,0.0003036222,0.0002770151,0.00008324334,0.0005852985],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995603,0.000116638,0.00009473666,0.00009888893,0.00005525697,0.00007420452],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001224148,0.00002954529,0.9857848,0.00001281405,8.858513e-7,0.0000015196,0.01135874,0.000001996878,0.0008166515,0.00003890457,0.001640276,0.0003015819],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002247541,0.0000851806,0.9866992,0.0000263458,0.000001578195,0.000001838476,0.0007670309,0.000313876,0.00000888222,0.00003429647,0.01174472,0.00009228179],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9964153,0.00002148393,0.00003394666,0.0009710105,0.0009282785,0.0004207747,0.00002022546,0.00002011117,0.001168902],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985372,0.00004325814,0.00020389,0.0007166659,0.00008967242,0.00008533296,0.00001732976,0.000008169494,0.0002985027],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7177135,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7213609,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2178290546","doi":"10.2980/1195-6860(2006)13[443:tqihsa]2.0.co;2","title":"Thermal quality influences habitat selection at multiple spatial scales in milksnakes","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecoscience","topic":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":87,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Ectotherm; Habitat; Ecology; Selection (genetic algorithm); Spatial ecology; Environmental science; Range (aeronautics); Microclimate; Scale (ratio); Butterfly; Geography; Biology; Cartography; Computer science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0109974026678077,"gpt":0.2335797330844865,"spread":0.2225823304166788,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004890009,0.00008500517,0.00008463288,0.00003287244,0.000275275,0.00002076224,0.0001890719,0.00006098589,0.0003102206],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001233012,0.00007763204,0.00002481999,0.0003218395,0.0003658117,0.0004257348,0.00008923674,0.00007583571,0.0003690814],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001876103,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001336712,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006551325,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.2845436,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989039,0.0001037603,0.0002198689,0.0003110727,0.0002070294,0.0002543431],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996535,0.000127692,0.00008198014,0.00009806691,0.000006032536,0.00003270447],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001299264,0.00005018982,0.9610136,0.000001175066,3.048523e-7,9.54761e-7,0.00004734601,0.008447087,0.02953172,0.00004260828,0.0002936953,0.0005583941],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001657711,0.00002828485,0.9868266,0.000002482819,8.837499e-7,0.000001517315,0.00001361872,0.0086641,0.003441856,0.0004828622,0.000265256,0.0001067525],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9965391,0.00001004781,0.000234278,0.0004465179,0.0001453437,0.0001143758,0.000002182895,0.00003400079,0.002474185],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998892,0.000001895011,0.0004791839,0.00030718,0.00003466555,0.00002131666,0.000002989201,0.000003025473,0.000257718],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2779923,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9903688,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2542046023","doi":"10.1080/11956860.2002.11682700","title":"Nearest-neighbor contingency table analysis of spatial segregation for several species","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecoscience","topic":"Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":85,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Contingency table; Pairwise comparison; Forestry; Nearest neighbour; Geography; Combinatorics; Cartography; Humanities; Mathematics; Statistics; Artificial intelligence; Computer science; Philosophy","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01635352620703952,"gpt":0.2220442419062697,"spread":0.2056907156992302,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002125175,0.00006599222,0.0001451011,0.00006618739,0.0002502785,0.00001358745,0.0001611999,0.0000305205,0.002594242],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001839421,0.00006061469,0.00006052469,0.0006378696,0.0002689684,0.0002067876,0.00006268151,0.00003286937,0.00005019703],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004619434,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000003958818,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001694236,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003398921,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992558,0.0000184155,0.000175195,0.0002208196,0.0001466474,0.000183131],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995966,0.0001155514,0.0001201418,0.0001147308,0.00002248569,0.0000305085],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006853456,0.00009854469,0.9572743,0.000006332741,0.00006141786,6.089431e-7,0.001033258,0.03365618,0.002409417,0.001858826,0.001240487,0.00235384],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00008835857,0.00004057797,0.5565435,0.000001060534,0.0000532371,1.869093e-7,0.00002876261,0.441833,0.0002672463,0.0003430777,0.0007428121,0.0000582168],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9527462,0.00003558523,0.03183175,0.0002958247,0.0002077882,0.0001945262,0.00003462976,0.00001963458,0.01463412],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9924058,0.00002570319,0.002832413,0.00008319788,0.00001144995,0.00001772682,0.000004800672,0.000002501596,0.004616386],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4081768,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9983175,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W331009064","doi":"10.1080/11956860.2000.11682566","title":"Adaptive phenotypic plasticity in timing of metamorphosis in the common frog Rana temporaria","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecoscience","topic":"Amphibian and Reptile Biology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":84,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Vetenskapsrådet","keywords":"Metamorphosis; Biology; Phenotypic plasticity; Larva; Rana; Adaptation (eye); Developmental plasticity; Zoology; Ecology; Plasticity; Anatomy","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02286677971401349,"gpt":0.2289162009257628,"spread":0.2060494212117493,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004354338,0.00007860289,0.0001442896,0.0000361762,0.00006198504,0.000007506309,0.0004446906,0.00004348372,0.00269079],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003179937,0.00005135076,0.0000283054,0.0004754701,0.0004937173,0.0001308126,0.00006185927,0.0001147837,0.0001816687],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005960251,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001176559,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002672392,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002975343,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990354,0.0001299696,0.000205432,0.0002427465,0.0001729377,0.0002135087],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996271,0.0001371589,0.00005569546,0.0001483687,0.000001523174,0.00003020744],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001667278,0.0005509676,0.9162819,0.000006191679,0.000005478493,0.00004120481,0.007137152,0.009781239,0.01942377,0.0004802857,0.001174312,0.04495073],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002512765,0.00008673796,0.9842068,0.00001291015,0.000003173101,0.000004318142,0.000317267,0.0125586,0.001291528,0.0005046992,0.0006597841,0.0001029116],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9774708,0.00002332022,0.00006718227,0.0001237678,0.00003915792,0.0001362532,0.000003693977,0.000005293461,0.02213049],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999103,0.00001256057,0.0005168921,0.0002089309,0.000007420359,0.000006931452,5.757134e-7,0.000002463124,0.0001411957],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.06792484,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9982209,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2214723311","doi":"10.2980/i1195-6860-12-3-347.1","title":"Hydrological factors controlling the spread of common reed (<i>Phragmites australis</i>) in theSt. Lawrence River (Québec, Canada)","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecoscience","topic":"Coastal wetland ecosystem dynamics","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":82,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Environment and Climate Change Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Phragmites; Flooding (psychology); Water level; Environmental science; Shore; Geography; Colonization; Growing season; Hydrology (agriculture); Ecology; Biology; Wetland; Geology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.00912435741763985,"gpt":0.1976884111307145,"spread":0.1885640537130746,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005366653,0.0001504966,0.0002255816,0.00002482386,0.0001557403,0.00002682895,0.0008559088,0.00005195834,0.0004226076],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001334923,0.00009558328,0.00004441847,0.0003359759,0.0004600588,0.0002378413,0.000271483,0.0001860909,0.0000285393],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003739454,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000880654,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.7471605,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.991411,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983296,0.00008216648,0.0003364841,0.000325211,0.0005188696,0.0004076992],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999043,0.0003776114,0.0001474377,0.0003298414,0.000006668278,0.00009542912],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001354112,0.00006460631,0.9495246,0.000003440876,0.000002233693,0.000007313114,0.0004675455,0.04523255,0.00298948,0.00009562536,0.0005564711,0.001042569],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002472537,0.00005384009,0.8907426,0.00001885172,0.000005945737,0.000007598755,0.0001384621,0.1005353,0.001366981,0.0001336793,0.006556144,0.0001933592],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9943817,0.00002818858,0.00007831146,0.001677181,0.00009236078,0.0001976611,0.00002012056,0.00001607153,0.003508415],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992552,0.000009335685,0.0001306542,0.000292846,0.00001557933,0.000007231739,0.000001568374,0.000005541192,0.0002820178],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2442505,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4627257,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2178287293","doi":"10.2980/1195-6860(2006)13[44:sasopb]2.0.co;2","title":"Season and severity of prescribed burn in ponderosa pine forests: Implications for understory native and exotic plants","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecoscience","topic":"Fire effects on ecosystems","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":81,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Joint Fire Science Program","keywords":"Species richness; Perennial plant; Introduced species; Understory; Fire ecology; Prescribed burn; Invasive species; Ecology; Fire regime; Native plant; Environmental science; Ecosystem; Geography; Agroforestry; Biology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01550915539729908,"gpt":0.2274091835885264,"spread":0.2119000281912273,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003403932,0.00008340599,0.0001206333,0.00004243164,0.00009421739,0.00001756105,0.000133626,0.00003472702,0.00001148223],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008495938,0.00007921532,0.00001278955,0.0001683547,0.0002840385,0.000285245,0.00008593332,0.00004454474,0.000002506461],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001278315,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001362442,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008747159,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01283577,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992015,0.00003410581,0.0001477034,0.0003018399,0.0001154174,0.000199438],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995513,0.0001751736,0.00007996475,0.0001349803,0.000006030559,0.00005252856],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002122966,0.0001258899,0.9760132,0.0000721356,0.000002187067,0.000001572763,0.0004823494,0.000186219,0.019616,0.0007838048,0.001252511,0.001442886],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003185835,0.0000527165,0.984679,0.0000240067,0.000002213843,0.000009122752,0.00004702436,0.01059314,0.0007235415,0.003199185,0.0002599398,0.00009146985],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9968256,0.00009558921,0.001329189,0.0002408758,0.00004745165,0.0005107201,0.00005037551,0.0000131375,0.0008870489],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990187,0.000007282164,0.0007196784,0.00002929091,0.000008021984,0.0000409632,0.000003414653,0.000004985691,0.0001676833],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01889246,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7162663,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2098143245","doi":"10.2980/16-3-3253","title":"Seed dispersal in the Iberian pear,<i>Pyrus bourgaeana</i>: A role for infrequent mutualists","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecoscience","topic":"Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":80,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Frugivore; Seed dispersal; Biology; Biological dispersal; Seed dispersal syndrome; Seed predation; PEAR; Population; Predation; Ecology; Herbivore; Carnivore; Germination; Mutualism (biology); Propagule; Botany; Habitat","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.006738576772416441,"gpt":0.2371233437274549,"spread":0.2303847669550385,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005941546,0.00008986524,0.00009092581,0.00002791306,0.0003342946,0.00003797029,0.0003958383,0.00003453806,0.00008526533],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001788035,0.00006508306,0.00003841475,0.0002813343,0.000243765,0.0002118562,0.00005205837,0.00008490775,0.00009210313],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000860233,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001349312,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001247588,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004170822,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990607,0.00004636824,0.0001505581,0.0002618882,0.000167524,0.0003129508],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995959,0.00013446,0.00005262854,0.0001701134,0.000005612585,0.00004130577],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000884962,0.0008768219,0.8591642,0.00001225988,0.00001249949,0.00003937932,0.04527013,0.009006598,0.01875103,0.04989154,0.005271203,0.01161586],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002588101,0.0001368679,0.9712285,0.00000354763,0.000003990059,0.000006182674,0.0007759532,0.01668197,0.00007858322,0.00747683,0.003225576,0.0001232045],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9741465,0.00004834482,0.0008805817,0.005238144,0.0001969705,0.0003518976,0.000007288597,0.00002395692,0.0191063],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.996528,0.00001101721,0.0007678247,0.002293572,0.0000212695,0.0000370176,0.000002532535,0.000002715871,0.0003360311],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1120643,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.265401,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W202006001","doi":"10.1080/11956860.2001.11682634","title":"Alder (<i>Alnus crispa</i>) effects on soils in ecosystems of the Agashashok River valley, northwest Alaska","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecoscience","topic":"Climate change and permafrost","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":78,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Rocky Mountain Research Station; University of Georgia","keywords":"Alder; Understory; Tundra; Ecosystem; Environmental science; Floodplain; Forestry; Shrub; Canopy; Ecology; Botany; Agronomy; Geography; Biology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01899341145851488,"gpt":0.2226206621346332,"spread":0.2036272506761183,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003930802,0.0001543342,0.000198207,0.0001020696,0.0001652244,0.00004504255,0.0005596189,0.00006219243,0.001276671],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006392911,0.000100635,0.00007658554,0.0006028131,0.0001539271,0.0002221376,0.00003270505,0.0001495943,0.000352224],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001114498,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004853579,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.009856978,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.2200368,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984986,0.0001057918,0.0002388139,0.0003401408,0.0003903842,0.0004263367],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999103,0.0003028831,0.0001093742,0.0003532197,0.00002734468,0.0001041763],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001308342,0.00002918154,0.9948947,0.00002418931,0.000001810777,0.00002917166,0.0005844942,0.0006090727,0.0002837816,0.000006986239,0.000906632,0.002616863],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002850905,0.0001213826,0.9887496,0.0001033886,0.000004408128,0.00002426463,0.00006990803,0.00419833,0.0008466466,0.00008911039,0.0053607,0.0001472001],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.990946,0.0002143745,0.000004475328,0.0004263522,0.001056576,0.0002641667,0.0003200903,0.00001523559,0.006752711],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984966,0.0001808745,0.00001379377,0.000756662,0.0001140255,0.000002961219,0.00004920483,0.000003692834,0.0003821878],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2101798,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996363,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2544298248","doi":"10.1080/11956860.2002.11682715","title":"Invertebrate and lizard abundance is greater on seabird-inhabited islands than on seabird-free islands in the Marlborough Sounds,New Zealand","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecoscience","topic":"Isotope Analysis in Ecology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":76,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Seabird; Invertebrate; Abundance (ecology); Trophic level; Ecology; Nutrient; Biology; Food web; Predation","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0158173349179539,"gpt":0.218965503821075,"spread":0.2031481689031212,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007386451,0.0002988781,0.0002882439,0.0001425401,0.0003269681,0.0001790947,0.001266617,0.0001295952,0.002924781],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001691782,0.0002057076,0.0000705536,0.001060337,0.0004936322,0.0004115005,0.0003319315,0.0003479609,0.001641067],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001873812,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001514971,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004876689,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003780704,"domain_scores_codex":[0.997272,0.0001959504,0.0003174579,0.0008713502,0.0006467757,0.0006964252],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985749,0.0001895527,0.0001219621,0.0009592348,0.000009305124,0.0001450865],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002663263,0.000124937,0.8783739,0.000003546767,0.000007566464,0.00004346478,0.006144407,0.000151467,0.0002058071,0.00006741381,0.1133242,0.001526717],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001517782,0.0007986632,0.9383305,0.0000403269,0.0000249643,0.00006199611,0.0002028173,0.02759837,0.0009367708,0.003787814,0.02610519,0.0005948584],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9526283,0.00002598779,0.00005141187,0.006114294,0.0001912734,0.000282236,0.00001317981,0.00005040662,0.04064294],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.974508,0.0001287488,0.0001899872,0.009678863,0.00007050497,0.00002883968,0.000001977448,0.00002164675,0.01537143],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.087219,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9991363,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2109990028","doi":"10.2980/16-3-3233","title":"Nest-dwelling ectoparasites of two sympatric hole-nesting passerines in relation to nest composition: An experimental study","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecoscience","topic":"Bird parasitology and diseases","field":"Immunology and Microbiology","cited_by":75,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Nest (protein structural motif); Ficedula; Cyanistes; Biology; Nest box; Ecology; Intraspecific competition; Parus; Bird nest; Altricial; Interspecific competition; Zoology; Passerine; Predation","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02239170564389601,"gpt":0.3288087435011076,"spread":0.3064170378572115,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002174345,0.0001184252,0.0001889559,0.0001872502,0.0002003971,0.00001475016,0.0002203358,0.00006256319,0.00004159152],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003795408,0.000115403,0.00002638356,0.0004730512,0.00009485225,0.0002816324,0.00002988405,0.0001037393,0.00006515525],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002310574,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003326812,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001762136,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007986046,"domain_scores_codex":[0.99897,0.000166585,0.0002678707,0.0003263344,0.00004067803,0.0002285383],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995617,0.00009278183,0.00009043839,0.0001851336,0.00003422102,0.00003570501],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006564869,0.001175527,0.6629475,0.000001706374,0.000002011642,0.00001169314,0.000720067,0.003009304,0.3315075,0.0002930308,0.000007911573,0.0002581018],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007015367,0.000988426,0.9415658,0.00002067908,0.000009988318,0.00003485653,0.0006079899,0.0002178901,0.05563169,0.00008040706,0.000006552455,0.0001341794],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.998556,0.0004997329,0.0001498721,0.00007305003,0.0002372299,0.0002695516,0.000002641368,0.00004853507,0.000163405],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995353,0.000001576452,0.0002806095,0.0001107678,0.00002275385,0.00001302358,0.00001208952,0.00000376237,0.00002015145],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2786183,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4705997,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3159631390","doi":"10.1080/11956860.2021.1898775","title":"New northern snowpack classification linked to vegetation cover on a latitudinal mega-transect across northeastern Canada","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecoscience","topic":"Cryospheric studies and observations","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":73,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières; Université Laval; Center for Northern Studies; Université de Montréal; Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"","keywords":"Snowpack; Snow; Transect; Tundra; Boreal; Physical geography; Taiga; Environmental science; Subarctic climate; Arctic; Vegetation (pathology); Climate change; Shrub; Snowmelt; Climatology; Geography; Ecology; Geology; Oceanography; Forestry; Meteorology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03242169982913422,"gpt":0.2426414119840644,"spread":0.2102197121549301,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001263599,0.0001136892,0.0001187935,0.00001212448,0.000419911,0.0001008381,0.0001913978,0.00002724553,0.0005845201],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001059103,0.0001010536,0.00003389161,0.0006489922,0.00002887211,0.000159577,0.00001216601,0.00008755631,0.0002326932],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003745442,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006771037,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.3067217,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9906759,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998693,0.00002785877,0.0001847631,0.0003679185,0.0004138226,0.0003126193],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993173,0.0001146344,0.00005822575,0.0002102996,0.0001121895,0.0001873263],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001977828,0.00001554245,0.9107442,0.000008505345,0.000009348842,0.00001691712,0.00127211,0.0415004,0.0002054325,0.0000540436,0.001353298,0.04480034],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001318818,0.00005741812,0.9634211,0.00001601635,0.000004409331,0.000003259555,0.0003411259,0.01085086,0.00003754746,0.00003021545,0.02497545,0.0001307188],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9905027,0.0001457303,0.003803165,0.00226404,0.0007930607,0.0001360635,0.00006087185,0.00002179176,0.002272649],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9960373,0.00001789758,0.001011049,0.001258896,0.0001246027,0.000002030113,0.00003895231,0.000002937767,0.001506329],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6839542,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6978949,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2542563954","doi":"10.1080/11956860.2001.11682664","title":"Atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub>sequestration in restored mined peatlands","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecoscience","topic":"Peatlands and Wetlands Ecology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":73,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Peat; Environmental science; Sphagnum; Ecosystem respiration; Carbon dioxide; Primary production; Ecosystem; Soil respiration; Carbon sink; Mire; Growing season; Lawn; Hydrology (agriculture); Environmental chemistry; Soil water; Agronomy; Botany; Ecology; Chemistry; Soil science; Biology; Geology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.009612495734817114,"gpt":0.2281032089823604,"spread":0.2184907132475433,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003898158,0.0001302853,0.0001440176,0.00001979016,0.0001391679,0.00004200437,0.0002992661,0.00007605241,0.0004875456],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006482736,0.0001164143,0.00003154386,0.0006108851,0.0002018971,0.0003551658,0.00007236533,0.0001086797,0.0003266609],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002029806,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002714664,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001838356,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002318474,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986142,0.00005422891,0.0002230556,0.0004279258,0.0002462141,0.0004344075],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995348,0.00004203587,0.00007070679,0.0002269726,0.00000515161,0.0001202937],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002248812,0.00007800665,0.8993168,0.000001274758,7.621121e-7,0.00007865467,0.0001451259,0.0006325715,0.09305338,0.00003291576,0.002956477,0.003681484],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004289119,0.000178763,0.9786252,0.000006153779,0.000001993312,0.0000416275,0.00002371581,0.009288271,0.003153607,0.000366264,0.007695619,0.0001898271],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9740579,0.00001295619,0.0003448788,0.0003388249,0.0001556175,0.0001351503,0.000001750075,0.00004226489,0.02491062],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986353,0.000103362,0.0004235646,0.0002434246,0.00004640592,0.00002443777,0.00001837746,0.000007146082,0.0004979749],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.08989977,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5338282,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2055135710","doi":"10.2980/17-1-3312","title":"Morphological and behavioural responses of frog tadpoles to perceived predation risk: A possible role for corticosterone mediation?","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecoscience","topic":"Animal Behavior and Reproduction","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":72,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Trent University","funders":"Canada Research Chairs; Trent University","keywords":"Predation; Biology; Metyrapone; Tadpole (physics); Predator; Corticosterone; Leopard frog; Phenotypic plasticity; Metamorphosis; Ecology; Zoology; Dragonfly; Amphibian; Larva; Hormone; Endocrinology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02531771660768757,"gpt":0.2613645241085756,"spread":0.236046807500888,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003210055,0.00006723504,0.00009362648,0.00001588301,0.0002163599,0.00003678033,0.000128142,0.00005935626,0.00008518748],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003716526,0.00002717189,0.00002946272,0.0001524159,0.0001292056,0.0001543939,0.00004563304,0.00007291268,0.000004522756],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000065559,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007480474,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00021851,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004924557,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992409,0.00003177371,0.0001528085,0.000296009,0.0001328433,0.0001457027],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995952,0.00009646061,0.00008909393,0.00005091952,0.00008408911,0.00008421089],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004998276,0.00004165016,0.2274676,6.144793e-7,3.748163e-7,1.681673e-7,0.0001044248,7.271876e-7,0.7601764,0.00001907203,0.00001730336,0.01212173],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00006751445,0.0005463808,0.9629272,0.00000245443,0.000008603321,0.000008856387,0.0002184607,0.0001018888,0.03580568,0.00013459,0.0001094847,0.0000688632],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9988257,0.00001532564,0.00002641557,0.0005321727,0.0001591324,0.0003002175,0.00009660173,0.00002471981,0.00001966069],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984155,0.000009317925,0.001279116,0.00002429931,0.00007425671,0.00003192545,0.00001458885,5.102095e-7,0.0001504901],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7354597,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1664087,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2126723792","doi":"10.2980/16-2-3215","title":"Low reproductive success of great tits in the preferred habitat: A role of food availability","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecoscience","topic":"Avian ecology and behavior","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":71,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Stichting Kinderen Kankervrij; Eesti Teadusfondi","keywords":"Deciduous; Habitat; Ecology; Biology; Brood; Abundance (ecology); Predation; Reproductive success; Frass; Woodland; Foraging; Larva; Population; Demography","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0132985336066401,"gpt":0.2376724078994997,"spread":0.2243738742928596,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006841907,0.00006800841,0.0001177812,0.00002387041,0.00005704279,0.000004616024,0.0005125871,0.00003962945,0.0003313864],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001703818,0.0000475206,0.00003020457,0.0004371346,0.000575416,0.0002560265,0.00006725,0.00008949763,0.00004027972],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004376635,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001604966,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003586219,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007798902,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989997,0.00008226489,0.0001952107,0.0003356464,0.0002089721,0.0001782747],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994181,0.00004689896,0.0000995907,0.0004003877,0.000009978598,0.00002508883],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001602259,0.0003821452,0.9707773,0.000002497724,5.14185e-7,0.000001079644,0.001289579,0.0001096918,0.02314544,0.0000392266,0.00005827356,0.004178268],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00008837393,0.0003248575,0.9461154,0.000005187719,0.000003279717,0.000003123618,0.000109177,0.00004159694,0.05150134,0.001729493,0.0000278715,0.00005028477],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9954186,0.00001925177,0.00000930346,0.0002021752,0.00004189865,0.000235764,0.000006588599,0.000005718363,0.004060712],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996585,0.00000196212,0.0001717023,0.00006323439,0.000005782862,0.000008458534,4.66827e-7,0.00000141359,0.00008846995],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0283559,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3628448,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2540816382","doi":"10.1080/11956860.2004.11682818","title":"The role of cotton-grass (<i>Eriophorum vaginatum</i>) in the exchange of CO<sub>2</sub>and CH<sub>4</sub>at two restored peatlands, eastern Canada","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecoscience","topic":"Peatlands and Wetlands Ecology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":70,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Peat; Tussock; Carbon dioxide; Photosynthesis; Biomass (ecology); Cyperaceae; Environmental science; Botany; Chemistry; Agronomy; Biology; Ecology; Poaceae","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.00469391123555728,"gpt":0.1969003317054568,"spread":0.1922064204698995,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008792698,0.0002008186,0.0002605985,0.00004923828,0.0003721157,0.00003547616,0.0008009038,0.00006307272,0.0000117439],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007076527,0.0001287957,0.0000457045,0.000453008,0.000805626,0.0001536982,0.0003278341,0.0001920668,0.00001107261],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002932865,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001435522,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.06195512,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.8149769,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979017,0.0001235232,0.0003534629,0.0004351454,0.0005847338,0.0006013828],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989938,0.0001918148,0.000220786,0.0004511538,0.00001593962,0.0001264758],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005572515,0.00009547744,0.6297353,0.00001295281,0.00000617477,0.00003361348,0.001188986,0.0003279128,0.3615216,0.0001437379,0.001329854,0.005548669],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001121511,0.000277862,0.8156023,0.00003125153,0.00001232297,0.00006042766,0.000468975,0.0006868452,0.1732694,0.0009838502,0.007226676,0.0002585934],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9959123,0.0004086168,0.00001133388,0.0007488364,0.0001875757,0.0002795648,0.00003509948,0.000008160448,0.002408558],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991633,0.0004503459,0.00001564359,0.0002624326,0.00002808992,0.00003249826,0.000009837303,0.0000102419,0.00002757447],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7530218,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9442914,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2032171637","doi":"10.2980/17-1-3317","title":"Habitat selection by Blanding's turtles (<i>Emydoidea blandingii</i>) in a relatively pristine landscape","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecoscience","topic":"Turtle Biology and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":68,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Laurentian University; University of Guelph; University of New Brunswick","funders":"","keywords":"Habitat; Ecology; Selection (genetic algorithm); Range (aeronautics); Biology; Geography; Home range","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.00415094719181129,"gpt":0.2017460984870023,"spread":0.197595151295191,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004521281,0.0001001453,0.00008776437,0.00004679955,0.0001727971,0.00002852742,0.0002047768,0.00009603076,0.0007346068],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002016288,0.00008525483,0.00002079392,0.0004727057,0.0002137117,0.0003036381,0.00006694801,0.0002434711,0.0002996734],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004876263,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001484696,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001561045,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003081109,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990652,0.00003760447,0.0001570773,0.0003380187,0.000143267,0.000258844],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996718,0.00008233909,0.00007700916,0.0001018864,0.000005874581,0.00006108253],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001070455,0.00002905334,0.857061,7.923234e-7,6.387182e-7,0.000001176761,0.0001003661,0.00002834091,0.1377004,0.0001623787,0.004276294,0.0006288369],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002440749,0.00005737919,0.9777614,0.000004969411,0.000002299911,0.00001530031,0.00001884191,0.004650328,0.005032318,0.001167019,0.01089821,0.0001478044],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9899286,0.00001383486,0.0005556325,0.0005284991,0.0002493544,0.0001077584,0.000005115514,0.00004447731,0.008566746],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9967948,0.000005642892,0.0009818295,0.0002206147,0.00002815386,0.0000153007,0.000007248228,0.000004915319,0.001941449],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1326681,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8043429,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W121802760","doi":"10.1080/11956860.2000.11682579","title":"Importance of prairie riparian zones to bats in southeastern Alberta","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecoscience","topic":"Bat Biology and Ecology Studies","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":68,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Alberta Conservation Association","keywords":"Riparian zone; Foraging; Habitat; Human echolocation; Ecology; Grassland; Floodplain; Geography; Abundance (ecology); Biology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01680640783224739,"gpt":0.2209370935760539,"spread":0.2041306857438065,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002409577,0.00008058795,0.0001515113,0.00001089619,0.0001157973,0.000006980094,0.0002899484,0.00005446789,0.0008224554],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009396623,0.00003163394,0.00002841704,0.0003757192,0.0001711085,0.00008195432,0.00005390912,0.00005786282,0.0002193707],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000006057812,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006313147,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007314533,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.1256681,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991536,0.00003613516,0.0001853409,0.0002811639,0.00006503014,0.0002787349],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996924,0.0001401685,0.00004121377,0.00005345531,0.00001539956,0.00005738788],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002812318,0.00008024687,0.9725481,0.000001574274,0.000002526638,0.000002685994,0.0003393356,0.00001135964,0.006092805,0.000112884,0.0006255444,0.02015481],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00005617817,0.0001639705,0.9869871,0.000007600591,0.000001061479,0.000002752583,0.0001369743,0.00002588035,0.0004234369,0.0002733728,0.01183576,0.00008596211],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9855894,0.00004317517,4.322157e-7,0.009250007,0.00009238425,0.0001110136,0.000009266031,0.00001020623,0.004894139],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9965535,0.000008628017,0.00007155546,0.0006812775,0.00003554763,0.00001456174,0.000002039054,2.70425e-7,0.00263265],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1249366,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9005311,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2542700241","doi":"10.1080/11956860.2003.11682799","title":"Evidence for resource polymorphism in the lake charr (<i>Salvelinus namaycush</i>) population of Great Bear Lake, Northwest Territories, Canada","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecoscience","topic":"Fish Ecology and Management Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":67,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Salvelinus; Trophic level; Biology; Ecology; Population; Trophic state index; Fish <Actinopterygii>; Zoology; Geography; Fishery; Trout; Demography; Phytoplankton","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02063314584026849,"gpt":0.2258941008086571,"spread":0.2052609549683886,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000779286,0.0001142204,0.0001358446,0.00003170602,0.0003219194,0.00001618287,0.0004444143,0.00003670504,0.0002127128],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004524988,0.00008900382,0.00002851711,0.0004114971,0.0002270224,0.0002560926,0.00008987357,0.00007927965,0.000006087407],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001079658,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004241504,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.1649372,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9955191,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987282,0.0000795388,0.0002357148,0.0003238641,0.0003255364,0.0003071434],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993426,0.0002357695,0.0001135772,0.0002617888,0.000008725041,0.00003753087],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008486484,0.00002580807,0.9873165,0.000009176048,0.000002229767,0.000005341824,0.0002524983,0.0002313951,0.0000210814,0.0003358083,0.01156945,0.0002221741],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001384994,0.0000498025,0.9095753,0.00001805166,0.000007555402,0.000003190038,0.0001120271,0.00006059471,0.00005444297,0.0002016983,0.08967803,0.0001007337],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9912485,0.00009713746,0.00009311731,0.002508514,0.0005383936,0.000697973,0.00008723076,0.00001650804,0.004712631],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9976849,0.0000214617,0.0002887016,0.001328296,0.0000247735,0.00006728216,0.00001393366,0.000005102453,0.000565568],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8305819,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8406236,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2539969693","doi":"10.1080/11956860.2004.11682815","title":"Mobility and home range use by pine martens (<i>Martes martes</i>) in a Polish primeval forest","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecoscience","topic":"Animal Ecology and Behavior Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":66,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Home range; Marten; Predation; Ecology; Hectare; Geography; Animal science; Biology; Habitat","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01055564565089048,"gpt":0.2215373453300483,"spread":0.2109816996791578,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003408475,0.0001449631,0.0001784139,0.00003178769,0.0002382097,0.00004110969,0.0002125424,0.00006589563,0.0002319351],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000105445,0.0001270417,0.00002859748,0.0002978464,0.001021513,0.0005857314,0.0002987832,0.000138528,0.0001235367],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001694396,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001666301,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001496062,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.008212515,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998664,0.00003134433,0.0001839838,0.0004881244,0.0001900284,0.0004425053],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995889,0.00006498674,0.00004848532,0.000177244,0.000006647434,0.000113722],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001411323,0.0002095493,0.994986,0.000002502797,9.184749e-7,0.00001176688,0.0002314562,0.0000316341,0.003380042,0.00004312456,0.0008412746,0.0002476198],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004798076,0.0001758265,0.9973645,0.00000614098,0.000005804544,0.00001310891,0.00005922621,0.00006251457,0.0001528638,0.0006183045,0.0009008233,0.0001611435],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9984359,0.00008557826,0.00004547065,0.0005898826,0.00009988771,0.000235684,0.00002048263,0.00003217516,0.0004549901],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998564,0.00005610307,0.0005102624,0.0004090036,0.00001016803,0.00003012571,0.000001700077,0.000005783166,0.0004128443],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.006716453,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.518061,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2063949798","doi":"10.2980/16-1-3160","title":"Wildfire and spruce beetle outbreak: Simulation of interacting disturbances in the central Rocky Mountains","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecoscience","topic":"Fire effects on ecosystems","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":64,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Bark beetle; Picea engelmannii; Mountain pine beetle; Dendroctonus; Disturbance (geology); Ecology; Environmental science; Outbreak; Vegetation (pathology); Abies lasiocarpa; Basal area; Geography; Biology; Bark (sound); Pinus contorta","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.006752139622936289,"gpt":0.2381981451050625,"spread":0.2314460054821262,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004293039,0.00008169879,0.00009827616,0.00002458297,0.0001011609,0.00004231715,0.0002841427,0.00002335062,0.00002888892],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001828749,0.00005820907,0.00001869205,0.0003047795,0.0001013111,0.0005056189,0.00005003171,0.0000808917,0.0000147478],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000849038,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000551324,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008729779,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007243514,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990334,0.00006607766,0.0001787406,0.0002332656,0.0002572537,0.00023125],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994839,0.0002168265,0.00010358,0.000157129,0.000002278798,0.00003624264],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000210064,0.0001650776,0.865075,0.00001380586,0.000001371781,0.00001073377,0.006235654,0.03777314,0.01652458,0.00007905324,0.0001278054,0.07397276],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00008502197,0.00006970039,0.7970937,0.00002705365,0.00000147285,0.000005103063,0.0001727229,0.2014882,0.0004704459,0.0001218069,0.0003977798,0.00006702629],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9971284,0.00003899739,0.000208193,0.0002793128,0.0001281551,0.0001864461,0.000001835328,0.00001058417,0.002018048],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996613,0.000003932895,0.0001132389,0.0001571951,0.00002096326,0.000002736512,6.146597e-7,0.000002522719,0.00003745397],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.163715,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2373697,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2488881604","doi":"10.1080/11956860.2004.11682811","title":"Indirect effects of herbivory by deer reduce abundance and species richness of web spiders","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecoscience","topic":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":64,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Species richness; Herbivore; Abundance (ecology); Biology; Ecology; Predation; Habitat; Trophic level","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.005496372926035967,"gpt":0.1961502571454647,"spread":0.1906538842194287,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002438948,0.00007482621,0.0001250697,0.00002740728,0.00008924053,0.000006297125,0.0001969064,0.0000454394,0.00007007108],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001385455,0.00006998023,0.00001887137,0.0003227031,0.0008105507,0.0002684139,0.00007983558,0.00005691017,0.00002121637],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005151629,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002854166,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006302776,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009004575,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992689,0.00002920445,0.0001469559,0.0002252529,0.0001707062,0.0001589881],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996035,0.00009496651,0.0001154541,0.0001347664,0.000006779581,0.00004454797],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007384835,0.00007673311,0.7364451,0.00005041243,0.000002714108,0.000001980939,0.0003791721,0.0002282886,0.2615768,0.0001493585,0.0007055364,0.000376436],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002215321,0.00007751322,0.843646,0.00004091638,0.000004660887,0.000003269779,0.00003794115,0.00005441522,0.1550133,0.0005648824,0.0002595576,0.00007599335],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9975091,0.0002365883,0.0002106655,0.0003431492,0.0001616123,0.0001155288,0.000001287004,0.00001169425,0.001410438],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986578,0.00005256106,0.0006789137,0.000215994,0.000006605221,0.000007074927,3.029178e-7,0.000003257523,0.0003774445],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1072009,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2986508,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2542149556","doi":"10.1080/11956860.2004.11682809","title":"Tree invasion constrains the influence of herbaceous structure in grassland bird habitats","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecoscience","topic":"Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":63,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Grassland; Woodland; Habitat; Ecology; Shrub; Abundance (ecology); Herbaceous plant; Geography; Vegetation (pathology); Species richness; Biology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.006314891324926173,"gpt":0.2143068047479802,"spread":0.207991913423054,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002189688,0.00007634702,0.0000938762,0.00002930481,0.0001702186,0.000008903406,0.0002951952,0.00004079118,0.00005321797],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001513218,0.00005136413,0.00001881237,0.0003937304,0.001064004,0.0001768724,0.0001198632,0.0001136893,0.00004554566],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005902005,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002783656,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002710674,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0441375,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992608,0.00003066605,0.0001624585,0.0002033404,0.0001580263,0.0001846629],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996492,0.00009057559,0.00007907329,0.000143904,0.000007853801,0.00002945058],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003986647,0.0000353922,0.8864804,0.000003798274,0.000001544574,0.000006321651,0.001123746,0.09305457,0.01752287,0.0009779105,0.0000240405,0.0007654065],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002191946,0.00005124448,0.9874143,0.00001163525,0.000001837533,0.00001023254,0.0001541935,0.0004346994,0.0007360207,0.01087351,0.00002869396,0.00006445222],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.997565,0.00002856765,0.00008366132,0.0007956399,0.00006702793,0.0001295002,0.000003824067,0.0000136774,0.001313043],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990728,0.00002910676,0.0006736139,0.0001793821,0.000003217774,0.000003641938,2.8015e-7,0.000003247927,0.00003465433],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1009339,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9733045,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2104042192","doi":"10.2980/17-2-3323","title":"Snow-mediated ptarmigan browsing and shrub expansion in arctic Alaska","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecoscience","topic":"Climate change and permafrost","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":63,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Office of Experimental Program to Stimulate Competitive Research; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Shrub; Snow; Arctic; Range (aeronautics); Snowpack; Physical geography; Snow field; Arctic vegetation; Ecology; Environmental science; Geography; Biology; Tundra; Snow cover; Meteorology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0212089792182212,"gpt":0.2280496142524712,"spread":0.20684063503425,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003486,0.00009172726,0.00009815682,0.0001059814,0.0001450729,0.00008787864,0.0001651821,0.00005338778,0.002685341],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001615714,0.00007675008,0.00001477758,0.0003287166,0.0001632055,0.0003659066,0.00001914011,0.0001961574,0.0002025631],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000002576605,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003197769,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003661355,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.1089929,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990861,0.00002155513,0.0001327905,0.0002822033,0.000165709,0.0003116836],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994831,0.0001836684,0.000035156,0.0001364686,0.00001526625,0.0001463264],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004816093,0.000008256668,0.9783162,0.00000729138,2.906546e-7,0.00001500042,0.0006310798,0.00001270692,0.01269899,0.000004336539,0.00006164934,0.008239422],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001421333,0.0000369841,0.9870563,0.00002399865,0.000001338116,0.0000280431,0.0001699266,0.01058668,0.0004062405,0.0001571069,0.001271036,0.0001201828],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9972529,0.0001030829,0.000003788745,0.0003841644,0.0006265821,0.00007972142,0.00008785125,0.00002021995,0.001441628],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990727,0.0001135611,0.0001385598,0.0004276569,0.00007376914,6.444698e-7,0.0001023883,0.000002094584,0.00006858416],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1053316,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9982263,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2139174685","doi":"10.2980/1195-6860(2008)15[27:tronrt]2.0.co;2","title":"The role of native riparian tree species in decomposition of invasive tree of heaven (Ailanthus altissima) leaf litter in an urban stream","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecoscience","topic":"Freshwater macroinvertebrate diversity and ecology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":62,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Agência Regional para o Desenvolvimento da Investigação, Tecnologia e Inovação","keywords":"Ailanthus altissima; Riparian zone; Heaven; Litter; Plant litter; Invasive species; Botany; Tree (set theory); Riparian forest; Biology; Ecology; Geography; Forestry; Ecosystem; Mathematics; Habitat; Archaeology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01304762893611327,"gpt":0.2100355033636182,"spread":0.1969878744275049,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002515259,0.00008556073,0.0001878787,0.00008807371,0.0001083022,0.000006184604,0.0004661802,0.00004608015,0.0002587051],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005421564,0.00006989302,0.00003383177,0.0003579648,0.001137511,0.0004030765,0.0001650493,0.00008260955,0.00001634112],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001083363,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003271918,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001853665,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.08043984,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989436,0.0001073315,0.0002691108,0.0002328806,0.0002119508,0.0002351769],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994805,0.0001251956,0.0001521803,0.000188331,0.00001288989,0.00004093846],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006134529,0.0002372353,0.9119649,0.000004323567,0.000002274906,0.00001181158,0.005787774,0.0004126956,0.08049723,0.0001943705,0.0002945721,0.0005314666],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002593075,0.0002917667,0.8169216,0.00001563301,0.00000193467,0.000003665626,0.001287945,0.002489232,0.1779561,0.0006254226,0.00007924538,0.00006820472],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9919289,0.00002862757,0.000006903796,0.0001125413,0.0000498812,0.0001314409,0.00002473345,0.000002930607,0.007714083],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995682,0.00004595279,0.000175061,0.00004276323,0.000005663355,0.000003385873,0.0000039022,0.000002662396,0.0001523718],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.09745882,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9363397,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}