{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":6,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":6,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12","author_layer_release":"2026-06-26"},"query_hash":"bdb5ec49b8c5","filters":{"venue":"Encyclopedia of Social Measurement"}},"results":[{"id":"W3022067760","doi":"10.1016/b0-12-369398-5/00390-x","title":"Web-Based Survey","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Encyclopedia of Social Measurement","topic":"Survey Methodology and Nonresponse","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":31,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Mount Allison University","funders":"","keywords":"Web application; Web survey; Computer science; World Wide Web","authors":[{"name":"R. Michael Alvarez","is_ca":false},{"name":"Carla VanBeselaere","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.2462424602851081,"gpt":0.3852468391316587,"spread":0.1390043788465506,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["metaresearch"],"category_scores_codex":[0.07082333,0.0003703353,0.0007468331,0.0002226399,0.0005628979,0.00001736355,0.0005151984,0.0009833702,0.004066883],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01041158,0.0004125181,0.0003564956,0.0001062668,0.000821213,0.00006543962,0.00004785171,0.0005409388,0.0001935906],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005432409,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.003118424,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007716347,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01901461,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9860475,0.009961145,0.0007324573,0.000497082,0.002238442,0.0005233915],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9936973,0.004433776,0.0005758394,0.0002784483,0.0008413942,0.0001732766],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.01590183,0.001151501,0.01461147,0.0003821718,0.002028454,0.00009560092,0.03474403,0.00001881971,0.0002816432,0.2625947,0.3744296,0.2937602],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004954269,0.00004960505,0.03145645,0.00006136622,0.00009400306,9.0319e-8,0.00008095676,3.79059e-7,0.00001807667,0.001232096,0.966098,0.0004136185],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.0004028463,0.0008471929,0.0001111298,0.0007580457,0.001646761,0.0005190923,0.0001590263,0.00009482374,0.9954611],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.05862937,0.002722764,0.00187828,0.0006475151,0.005310467,0.00007378857,0.000126763,0.0001892955,0.9304218],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5916684,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998327,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3023392543","doi":"10.1016/b0-12-369398-5/00521-1","title":"Human Growth and Development","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Encyclopedia of Social Measurement","topic":"Birth, Development, and Health","field":"Medicine","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Development (topology); Mathematics","authors":[{"name":"Michel D. Ferrari","is_ca":true},{"name":"Chandi Fernando","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05556277869714164,"gpt":0.2824267156741503,"spread":0.2268639369770087,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007308417,0.0004364148,0.0008640548,0.0002102103,0.0002903519,0.000009624764,0.00010893,0.0004537948,0.0005117457],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003774029,0.0004292275,0.0001154814,0.00002931833,0.0001555644,0.00003852373,0.00007914508,0.000496993,0.00005682392],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000526558,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001396345,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001755656,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001041094,"domain_scores_codex":[0.996855,0.00002260059,0.0008637867,0.0004501228,0.001440982,0.000367523],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998738,0.00001108678,0.0004238634,0.0001666913,0.0003990226,0.0002613379],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00014554,0.0004195314,0.00286968,0.0045975,0.001216717,0.00005422391,0.01180837,3.251294e-8,0.0005973086,0.8432229,0.03084938,0.1042189],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002195617,0.0002534757,0.05148211,0.001048198,0.0003258246,0.00001209693,0.0001312001,7.476178e-8,0.0003563837,0.0116232,0.9317715,0.0008003938],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.0006048327,0.00167514,0.00002169801,0.0008933283,0.0002617181,0.0007725495,0.000009313082,0.00006285094,0.9956986],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.2562108,0.3009389,0.02653615,0.00587897,0.01409583,0.0003558164,0.0004929285,0.001008005,0.3944826],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9009221,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998159,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3023261548","doi":"10.1016/b0-12-369398-5/00101-8","title":"Basic vs. Applied Social Science Research","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Encyclopedia of Social Measurement","topic":"Contemporary Sociological Theory and Practice","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Prince Edward Island","funders":"","keywords":"Psychology","authors":[{"name":"Scott L. Greer","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1941265416046856,"gpt":0.3863188878048923,"spread":0.1921923462002066,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["sts"],"category_scores_codex":[0.03166673,0.0003774251,0.0007416158,0.0003411472,0.004355274,0.000114617,0.001356869,0.000850143,0.003268274],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001881983,0.0003927876,0.0003281686,0.0004000471,0.006525477,0.0003563764,0.0003070019,0.001679861,0.0003796095],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001459487,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00317641,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001160445,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001382789,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9904563,0.0008893589,0.0007588441,0.0008060258,0.006134895,0.0009546208],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9963053,0.0007454645,0.000628102,0.0002887722,0.001767938,0.0002643555],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001525583,0.0000814786,0.00000793553,0.00002997699,0.00005896007,0.000004371087,0.02181365,6.664195e-8,0.00007764352,0.9021953,0.01025887,0.06531917],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002354984,0.00006594483,0.0002150516,0.00003740822,0.00005223899,1.247731e-7,0.002367397,5.23766e-8,0.00001771627,0.10641,0.8902319,0.0003666359],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.0001117718,0.0005826504,0.000009387882,0.004173282,0.0007290189,0.0009660303,0.00002617696,0.00009575707,0.9933059],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.5485596,0.002073992,0.0001197481,0.0004936204,0.01052721,0.0001006696,0.00001306598,0.00008160902,0.4380305],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8799731,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998524,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2506559064","doi":"10.1016/b0-12-369398-5/00454-0","title":"Models for Paired Comparisons","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Encyclopedia of Social Measurement","topic":"Cultural Differences and Values","field":"Psychology","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Psychology","authors":[{"name":"Ulf Böckenholt","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.2367179223702888,"gpt":0.3497665126084613,"spread":0.1130485902381725,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004099024,0.0003778701,0.0007169207,0.00007013091,0.000149734,0.00001334146,0.000278639,0.000450422,0.002052878],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001972457,0.0003408352,0.0004939852,0.00001932788,0.0001119576,0.00004549086,0.00004150725,0.0002424554,0.00009849162],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001723625,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008912656,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006456968,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001963797,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979061,0.00003965829,0.0006161877,0.0004122942,0.0006967072,0.0003290875],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987919,0.00005220701,0.0004401898,0.0002256568,0.0004040812,0.00008594516],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001251626,0.0001545698,0.00002727827,0.0000922196,0.000570379,0.000001157039,0.004683261,0.00000607844,0.00001769519,0.5900565,0.3485808,0.05568494],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007980728,0.0001730322,0.001274888,0.0001412258,0.0003510636,5.564899e-7,0.0003451787,0.00002479772,0.000004058475,0.02743741,0.968962,0.0004877886],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.0000974143,0.002563349,0.0009278521,0.0005611957,0.001315573,0.0009713064,0.0002368919,0.00006534783,0.9932611],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.06130496,0.0006798498,0.0008744225,0.0001707738,0.003744147,0.0002784204,0.0001432059,0.0001190816,0.9326851],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6203812,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999044,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4250696457","doi":"10.1016/b0-12-369398-5/00306-6","title":"Terman, Lewis","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Encyclopedia of Social Measurement","topic":"","field":"","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Windsor","funders":"","keywords":"Psychology","authors":[{"name":"Henry L. Minton","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04206288494708176,"gpt":0.2520767493371401,"spread":0.2100138643900584,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.001555179,0.000836526,0.001139036,0.0003568463,0.0002057133,0.00002544599,0.000636789,0.0007315499,0.004408031],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001275689,0.0009206426,0.000654362,0.00006796225,0.0003332182,0.0001410564,0.000179191,0.000745765,0.007437519],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001584283,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005820152,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003196647,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002505927,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9936318,0.00008182038,0.001186004,0.0007049186,0.003790446,0.000604956],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9971402,0.0000367335,0.001137017,0.0005619154,0.0009265647,0.0001975485],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002042634,0.0004247237,0.000108124,0.000478635,0.001670108,0.00005267802,0.004201127,0.00000487214,0.001467241,0.1390101,0.6950622,0.1573159],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006300754,0.00006997977,0.0006502511,0.0002443863,0.0004657513,0.000002071608,0.00002582132,5.208305e-7,0.0001184981,0.0036138,0.9933479,0.0008308884],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.00003378539,0.001851448,0.00001407228,0.0002986383,0.000864372,0.0008640162,0.0003316036,0.0002244795,0.9955176],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.01140966,0.001047345,0.0004683878,0.0001737498,0.007670165,0.00009231757,0.0001347567,0.0007778968,0.9782257],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2982857,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9993244,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4210548825","doi":"10.1016/b0-12-369398-5/00226-7","title":"Neyman, Jerzy","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Encyclopedia of Social Measurement","topic":"Polish Historical and Cultural Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Psychology; Computer science","authors":[{"name":"John M. Nicholas","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05757433013632744,"gpt":0.2722061975999114,"spread":0.214631867463584,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007614967,0.0002976482,0.0005520111,0.0000558574,0.000814617,0.00001795666,0.000358383,0.0003896518,0.001791907],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002163304,0.0002765105,0.0003441469,0.00005551835,0.0004966325,0.0000894625,0.00007655974,0.0003120118,0.0002652623],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001238217,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003274741,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007068189,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003625388,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9967289,0.00006495669,0.0004688445,0.0003037884,0.0020366,0.0003969097],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987661,0.00003456857,0.0003693242,0.0001191461,0.0005566122,0.0001542045],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001443172,0.00006171379,0.00001530678,0.00004205395,0.0001865546,0.000003615216,0.01847656,1.483589e-7,0.000008106369,0.5556501,0.3304617,0.09507965],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001235813,0.000025632,0.0001564561,0.0000545442,0.0001116248,6.989028e-8,0.0004231165,1.688058e-8,0.000001969288,0.01082447,0.9879643,0.0003141794],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.000008440153,0.005555692,0.000003438722,0.002689853,0.001085969,0.0003161574,0.00002366261,0.00007812597,0.9902387],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00506775,0.007579162,0.00005990509,0.0001828235,0.006652738,0.00002514259,0.000006229591,0.00003471327,0.9803916],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6575026,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999687,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}