{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":3,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":3,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12","author_layer_release":"2026-06-26"},"query_hash":"d6b4d24f7dce","filters":{"venue":"Energy & the Economy,37th IAEE International Conference,June 15-18, 2014"}},"results":[{"id":"W2607031696","doi":"","title":"Impacts of Electricity Rates, Income and DSM Expenditures on Residential Electricity Demand: A Case Study of British Columbia","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Energy & the Economy,37th IAEE International Conference,June 15-18, 2014","topic":"Energy, Environment, and Transportation Policies","field":"Energy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Electricity; Electricity demand; Economics; Mains electricity; Agricultural economics; Electricity generation; Power (physics); Engineering","authors":[{"name":"Michael Li","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ren Oran","is_ca":false},{"name":"Kahn-Lang Jenya","is_ca":false},{"name":"C.K. Woo","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01333836259969169,"gpt":0.248644222971896,"spread":0.2353058603722043,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005617722,0.0002991075,0.0005882612,0.0002600396,0.0002240952,0.0002036417,0.0005736915,0.0001592466,0.001982613],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008482064,0.0003379924,0.0001466662,0.0001321425,0.0002492814,0.0002770206,0.00009134199,0.0002562019,0.000008094224],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009311955,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001029948,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.3585811,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.5318866,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9973261,0.0003755561,0.000960523,0.0005521729,0.0003968966,0.0003887798],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9979966,0.0004137809,0.0007630786,0.0004851459,0.0001604523,0.0001809147],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001607918,0.005310264,0.4672594,0.0002387767,0.005838651,0.0008873132,0.005580694,0.03922963,0.006737828,0.410196,0.04114812,0.01596537],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.02182448,0.00609363,0.729279,0.0004226851,0.001036062,0.001876537,0.005391931,0.01646173,0.04472915,0.09650861,0.07282981,0.003546348],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9855877,0.0001559746,0.0004925865,0.0001283022,0.0003801287,0.0001921779,0.00007177413,0.00004372964,0.01294764],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9961013,0.0003290696,0.00002739192,0.0002695633,0.0002725231,0.00007528181,0.00008192526,0.00003986081,0.002803072],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3136874,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999072,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2605900105","doi":"","title":"Cost of Carbon Emissions Abatement in the Ontario Electricity Market: 2006 to 2011","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Energy & the Economy,37th IAEE International Conference,June 15-18, 2014","topic":"Electric Power System Optimization","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Natural resource economics; Electricity; Greenhouse gas; Electricity market; Environmental economics; Electricity system; Business; Economics; Electricity generation; Environmental science; Engineering; Power (physics)","authors":[{"name":"Derek Olmstead","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01864101763495844,"gpt":0.2267800667145025,"spread":0.208139049079544,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009817914,0.0003089437,0.0003572222,0.0003572322,0.00007560238,0.0001013387,0.001123204,0.0001255923,0.003475679],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006216462,0.000233467,0.0001025967,0.0002297368,0.00004141566,0.0001562488,0.00009231368,0.0003098045,0.00005893834],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000517635,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001629212,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01276997,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0359591,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979473,0.000210018,0.0007658263,0.0003467352,0.0003200604,0.0004100597],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986315,0.0002727978,0.0002213999,0.0005594753,0.0002122146,0.0001026014],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003236397,0.0004787058,0.04160636,0.00008772417,0.00111644,0.00001331356,0.005650269,0.3327169,0.00241802,0.1149806,0.4888724,0.01173565],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001299077,0.0001855393,0.0101856,0.0001496531,0.00006556614,0.00002601894,0.0001717209,0.4375696,0.006273559,0.003226037,0.5400577,0.000789924],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.0628737,0.0002289993,0.06554694,0.0026557,0.002599111,0.0008549695,0.00003452064,0.0001435079,0.8650625],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9881045,0.00006309401,0.0001828493,0.0003588071,0.0002130689,0.0002225634,0.00005229857,0.00003517985,0.01076766],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9252308,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9974353,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2606364002","doi":"","title":"The Effects of Market Deregulation on Electricity Rates in U.S. and Canada","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Energy & the Economy,37th IAEE International Conference,June 15-18, 2014","topic":"Electric Power System Optimization","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Deregulation; Electricity market; Electricity; Business; Economics; Market economy; Engineering","authors":[{"name":"Jean‐Thomas Bernard","is_ca":false},{"name":"Catherine Liston Heyes","is_ca":false},{"name":"Wenlie Qiu","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.004174158694086862,"gpt":0.1828781189744352,"spread":0.1787039602803483,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004537915,0.0002142996,0.0002404723,0.0001555293,0.00009412032,0.00009293224,0.0004210297,0.0000812391,0.0001628482],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001843566,0.0001602699,0.00003873683,0.0001315726,0.0000520453,0.0001377971,0.00004143372,0.0001650502,0.000003762982],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002481692,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001387729,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02596841,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.1672428,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986853,0.0001795465,0.0004456976,0.0002300441,0.0001980422,0.0002613964],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982923,0.001057923,0.0001810017,0.00027899,0.0001357357,0.00005402906],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003940836,0.0001307297,0.03313318,0.0003076014,0.001166516,0.00001063183,0.0004818483,0.1520998,0.002798263,0.4863148,0.2728105,0.0503521],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001034338,0.0001111424,0.01779067,0.0001372654,0.00002190656,0.00001068764,0.00003412469,0.8938251,0.01643774,0.006518108,0.06366779,0.000411128],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.5321375,0.001935818,0.04796322,0.004368201,0.007884428,0.00107878,0.00002935415,0.0002454482,0.4043573],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9973595,0.0002906447,0.00003162009,0.0001479112,0.0001353763,0.00006101017,0.0000225118,0.00002454483,0.00192693],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7417253,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9805177,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}