{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":19,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":19,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12","author_layer_release":"2026-06-26"},"query_hash":"d4b4504e9561","filters":{"venue":"Environmental Research Ecology"}},"results":[{"id":"W4293574898","doi":"10.1088/2752-664x/ac6e4a","title":"Global forests are influenced by the legacies of past inter-annual temperature variability","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Research Ecology","topic":"Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Austrian Science Fund; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Climate change; Precipitation; Climatic variability; Environmental science; Climatology; Spatial variability; Global warming; Vegetation (pathology); Global change; Productivity; Ecology; Physical geography; Geography; Biology","authors":[{"name":"Winslow D. Hansen","is_ca":false},{"name":"Naomi B. Schwartz","is_ca":true},{"name":"Park Williams","is_ca":false},{"name":"Katharina Albrich","is_ca":false},{"name":"Lara M. Kueppers","is_ca":false},{"name":"Anja Rammig","is_ca":false},{"name":"Christopher Reyer","is_ca":false},{"name":"A. Carla Staver","is_ca":false},{"name":"Rupert Seidl","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.00745288966657238,"gpt":0.2561533085408128,"spread":0.2487004188742404,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001338192,0.0001220016,0.0001522643,0.00002954716,0.0005753332,0.00001877452,0.0006685184,0.00008125884,0.003618378],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006678226,0.00009437,0.00006030879,0.00028715,0.001167318,0.0001385679,0.00181603,0.0004310848,0.00008120196],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001019246,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001659016,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000176202,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005947946,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9974239,0.0008427941,0.0002397383,0.0003616116,0.0006809898,0.0004509367],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992098,0.0002400655,0.00008551767,0.0003736921,0.000003643478,0.00008723654],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005664402,0.0003068477,0.9799137,0.000002612648,0.00001767839,0.00001220437,0.0002929806,0.007168133,0.004438608,0.00013274,0.007034986,0.0006228572],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002868402,0.0003405718,0.9735587,0.000001539644,0.000006527937,0.00005011561,0.001186247,0.001067866,0.0001732565,0.002153661,0.02105098,0.0001236804],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9958426,0.0000254686,0.00001453561,0.000819898,0.00008953241,0.0003668748,0.00124358,0.0000105279,0.00158703],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984244,0.0000119699,0.00002569145,0.000118496,0.00001304673,0.0001493165,0.00009018398,0.000008103323,0.001158755],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01401599,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9972925,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4280511613","doi":"10.1088/2752-664x/ac706a","title":"Spartina alterniflora has the highest methane emissions in a St. Lawrence estuary salt marsh","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Research Ecology","topic":"Coastal wetland ecosystem dynamics","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Natural Environment Research Council; European Commission; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Horizon 2020 Framework Programme; Canadian Network for Research and Innovation in Machining Technology, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Sight Research UK","keywords":"Spartina alterniflora; Phragmites; Salt marsh; Spartina; Blue carbon; Environmental science; Halophyte; Marsh; Carbon sink; Biomass (ecology); Soil carbon; Sink (geography); Wetland; Salinity; Ecosystem; Carbon dioxide; Ecology; Soil water; Carbon sequestration; Soil science; Biology","authors":[{"name":"Sophie Comer‐Warner","is_ca":true},{"name":"Sami Ullah","is_ca":false},{"name":"Wendy Ampuero Reyes","is_ca":true},{"name":"Stefan Krause","is_ca":false},{"name":"Gail L. Chmura","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04030810465950352,"gpt":0.2943760833389634,"spread":0.2540679786794599,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.002921874,0.0002016323,0.000244978,0.0001285187,0.001015546,0.00004347551,0.001091596,0.00007796685,0.02944338],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001390263,0.0001692461,0.00007227502,0.0005112634,0.000902752,0.0001551203,0.004835887,0.0009568317,0.00185778],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001816461,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005200509,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00133962,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0104399,"domain_scores_codex":[0.995271,0.001469615,0.0003921023,0.000686091,0.001086006,0.001095197],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982187,0.0008049288,0.00009096055,0.0006422148,0.000001814874,0.0002414138],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001651806,0.001009073,0.9590071,0.00001070338,0.00001982121,0.0005148933,0.0009253055,0.00766137,0.01212519,0.00009542084,0.01340595,0.005060003],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007284384,0.0006889255,0.850724,0.000006559745,0.000007550659,0.0001391008,0.001645692,0.006530907,0.0002447329,0.001939773,0.1370526,0.0002916394],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.990289,0.00006781441,0.00001469207,0.005273907,0.0002162197,0.0008015859,0.0001082797,0.00002613433,0.003202385],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9945665,0.00007613663,0.00009652261,0.0002325216,0.0000410236,0.0006312962,0.00007343681,0.00003262177,0.004249965],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1236467,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9989194,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4387522959","doi":"10.1088/2752-664x/ad0241","title":"Ensuring continuity and impact in Arctic monitoring: a solution-orientated model for community-based environmental research","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Research Ecology","topic":"Indigenous Studies and Ecology","field":"Health Professions","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Geological Survey of Canada; Natural Resources Canada","funders":"Natural Environment Research Council","keywords":"Indigenous; Arctic; Environmental resource management; Participatory action research; Workflow; Baseline (sea); Environmental planning; Process management; Corporate governance; Community engagement; The arctic; Settlement (finance); Business; Computer science; Management science; Political science; Engineering; Environmental science; Sociology; Public relations; Ecology","authors":[{"name":"Louise Mercer","is_ca":false},{"name":"Dustin Whalen","is_ca":true},{"name":"Deva-Lynn Pokiak","is_ca":false},{"name":"Michael Lim","is_ca":false},{"name":"P. J. Mann","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.2570263028700344,"gpt":0.5110220761631086,"spread":0.2539957732930742,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01320046,0.000226863,0.0004456493,0.0007435718,0.009549855,0.00001580509,0.0003681275,0.0004103304,0.0002823567],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007289939,0.0002276953,0.00008381623,0.0003605822,0.001089401,0.0001073571,0.001599408,0.002669461,0.0006007028],"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.004792355,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003409604,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002623064,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.009058391,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9906494,0.004207471,0.0005569871,0.0005244932,0.000545926,0.00351575],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9922764,0.006854435,0.00008942512,0.0004496784,0.00004405222,0.0002859521],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005488943,0.0006462756,0.963351,0.0001724968,0.00005364668,0.00003239154,0.02732272,0.001005921,0.005650338,0.00004963973,0.0006981063,0.0004685306],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003077567,0.001269774,0.9181658,0.00004360225,0.000007871555,0.000002493595,0.04951854,0.02489142,0.0001073065,0.001804858,0.0008987042,0.0002120868],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9952383,0.00009294374,0.00002645564,0.0007555888,0.0002217043,0.003141956,0.0002236273,0.00004801989,0.0002514144],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9949176,0.0005430257,0.0001217427,0.00007729812,0.0001207398,0.002564563,0.0002219229,0.00005838233,0.001374709],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.04518526,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996314,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4401010316","doi":"10.1088/2752-664x/ad67e6","title":"Assessing the impact of afforestation as a natural climate solution in the Canadian boreal","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Research Ecology","topic":"Fire effects on ecosystems","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"BP","keywords":"Afforestation; Environmental science; Taiga; Climate change; Carbon sequestration; Greenhouse gas; Boreal; Agroforestry; Land cover; Biomass (ecology); Land use; Ecology; Forestry; Geography","authors":[{"name":"François du Toit","is_ca":true},{"name":"Nicholas C. Coops","is_ca":true},{"name":"Christopher Mulverhill","is_ca":true},{"name":"Aoife Toomey","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02268573823253955,"gpt":0.3749411842100795,"spread":0.3522554459775399,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003733254,0.0001111324,0.0001085593,0.0001508521,0.0003774937,0.0001479731,0.0004054051,0.00009353054,0.0007619949],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001512795,0.00006413883,0.00007177451,0.0003826615,0.0006770376,0.0003863583,0.0001733988,0.0004947315,0.0009635701],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.003189316,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001242547,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.3718304,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.6363845,"domain_scores_codex":[0.997172,0.001057263,0.0002056317,0.0002794212,0.0005637696,0.0007219411],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987484,0.0008712247,0.00003561299,0.0002540949,0.000002014559,0.00008863997],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000040408,0.0001942178,0.9248451,0.00003563231,0.00003937883,0.0003322444,0.003849363,0.0009422609,0.02084417,0.0005114699,0.003088966,0.04527682],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009967809,0.0002422364,0.95987,0.00001303801,0.00000308645,0.00005583315,0.0005118835,0.03799669,0.0001333438,0.000592056,0.0004193609,0.00006276877],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9885734,0.0001158506,0.000001537807,0.0008865771,0.0001353143,0.0006654054,0.00001569103,0.00000866478,0.009597548],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996549,0.00003880172,0.00001729166,0.00004170274,0.00003528777,0.00009680585,0.00003811562,0.00001446901,0.00006263573],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2645541,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998143,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4402432879","doi":"10.1088/2752-664x/ad7961","title":"The Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework needs headline indicators that can actually monitor forest integrity","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Research Ecology","topic":"Conservation, Biodiversity, and Resource Management","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of Northern British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Headline; Biodiversity; Environmental resource management; Environmental science; Geography; Forestry; Business; Ecology; Biology; Advertising","authors":[{"name":"Rajeev Pillay","is_ca":true},{"name":"James Watson","is_ca":false},{"name":"S. J. Goetz","is_ca":false},{"name":"Andrew J. Hansen","is_ca":false},{"name":"Patrick Jantz","is_ca":false},{"name":"Juan Pablo Ramírez‐Delgado","is_ca":true},{"name":"Hedley S. Grantham","is_ca":false},{"name":"Simon Ferrier","is_ca":false},{"name":"Oscar Venter","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02860659100544863,"gpt":0.2844044023438867,"spread":0.255797811338438,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.001231771,0.0002246361,0.000168114,0.0001624178,0.001627293,0.0002014254,0.0009226949,0.0002474902,0.002187056],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001273483,0.0001694725,0.0001246115,0.0006685088,0.002132639,0.0001408632,0.002175508,0.0007610233,0.002264379],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002173172,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004218644,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00269823,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.008436879,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9970226,0.0003870207,0.0002009987,0.0005485861,0.0009671139,0.0008736403],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986006,0.0006072596,0.0000501036,0.0004319319,0.000003928395,0.0003061719],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005112183,0.0001544339,0.9704883,0.000008327986,0.0000708513,0.00008552296,0.001151892,0.00004178903,0.00002281978,0.00005258919,0.008181716,0.01969069],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001748931,0.0001940989,0.8892201,0.000007914342,0.00002382039,0.00000643574,0.005634654,0.0002302143,0.00004968186,0.0007460302,0.1035519,0.0001602077],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9886537,0.0002357406,0.00005629379,0.007706885,0.0004572486,0.0005307739,0.0001957932,0.0000691156,0.002094429],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9973568,0.0005808284,0.0001123471,0.0003438087,0.00009087983,0.00002918388,0.00006507881,0.000007640557,0.001413487],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.09537021,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996725,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4300427892","doi":"10.1088/2752-664x/ac8eb7","title":"Keystone structures maintain forest function for Canada lynx after large-scale spruce beetle outbreak","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Research Ecology","topic":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Ecology; Mountain pine beetle; Geography; Bark beetle; Dendroctonus; Disturbance (geology); Population; Range (aeronautics); Habitat; Climate change; Species distribution; Biology; Bark (sound)","authors":[{"name":"John R. Squires","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jacob S. Ivan","is_ca":false},{"name":"Kelsey E. Paolini","is_ca":false},{"name":"Lucretia E. Olson","is_ca":false},{"name":"Gavin M. Jones","is_ca":false},{"name":"Joseph D. Holbrook","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01048120599468819,"gpt":0.24505732558769,"spread":0.2345761195930018,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00106841,0.0001643258,0.0001765799,0.00007247408,0.001219322,0.00001447459,0.0003600451,0.0001088269,0.03040002],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007034504,0.0001793023,0.00006151512,0.0001656797,0.0003710846,0.0001340974,0.0009776831,0.0004089563,0.0002243688],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002485125,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001234451,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0218866,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.6073935,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9971956,0.0004450961,0.0002524013,0.000570146,0.0006305152,0.000906265],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991139,0.0003283192,0.00007142874,0.0003162472,0.00000435024,0.0001657351],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005678674,0.0002136572,0.969229,0.000005361043,0.00002418777,0.00004033178,0.0001376182,0.002243414,0.0005631957,0.0003076896,0.02582117,0.0008464673],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006696256,0.0005367188,0.8663042,5.133061e-7,0.00001069878,0.00001842566,0.001101337,0.0007594053,0.00007615768,0.005276432,0.1250885,0.0001580055],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9953793,0.00004056353,0.0002358903,0.002050921,0.0004637654,0.0008815039,0.0002530931,0.00001765136,0.0006772857],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9906193,0.000007407909,0.0002581574,0.002198536,0.00009002346,0.001634384,0.0002187036,0.0000292188,0.004944245],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5855069,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9846267,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4400225338","doi":"10.1088/2752-664x/ad5db3","title":"Community-engaged flood mitigation and ecological restoration on a university campus","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Research Ecology","topic":"Urban Green Space and Health","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Outreach; Environmental planning; Environmental resource management; Green infrastructure; Flood myth; Government (linguistics); Flood mitigation; Business; Political science; Geography; Environmental science","authors":[{"name":"Brendon Samuels","is_ca":true},{"name":"Tom Cull","is_ca":true},{"name":"Sandra Smeltzer","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0504680665382214,"gpt":0.3100616331084698,"spread":0.2595935665702485,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.003412479,0.0001001916,0.0001063919,0.0001115297,0.001885257,0.00003412006,0.0001733844,0.0001516,0.002732077],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001794101,0.00009702014,0.00002658996,0.0001803906,0.0007984116,0.0001948852,0.000367785,0.001956557,0.002507152],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001113027,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002370127,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003921156,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004167307,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9944478,0.004435622,0.0001042725,0.0003131701,0.0003152911,0.0003837907],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981808,0.001418102,0.00001893961,0.0002057418,0.000001563513,0.0001748401],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002507969,0.001201775,0.9115022,0.00004908611,0.00004181467,0.0004184653,0.006803212,0.000175582,0.02457054,0.00202607,0.03428366,0.01867674],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002996276,0.001377897,0.9596047,0.000008917831,0.000006702722,0.0000128578,0.00307544,0.0008352413,0.0001541026,0.001222864,0.03328743,0.000114257],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9927021,0.00004441979,0.00001540491,0.002212399,0.00007570249,0.0003310617,0.00001402161,0.00004379877,0.004561051],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9951947,0.0002255024,0.0001153885,0.0001891767,0.00003438094,0.00001023218,0.00003182581,0.00001084643,0.004188003],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0481024,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9994141,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4401629941","doi":"10.1088/2752-664x/ad7033","title":"Race in nature stewardship: an autoethnography of two racialised volunteers in urban ecology","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Research Ecology","topic":"Urban Agriculture and Sustainability","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Stewardship (theology); Autoethnography; Race (biology); Environmental stewardship; Citizenship; Sociology; Environmentalism; Environmental ethics; Population; Urban ecology; Neighbourhood (mathematics); Ecology; Gender studies; Geography; Political science; Law; Nature Conservation","authors":[{"name":"Jacqueline L. Scott","is_ca":true},{"name":"Ambika Tenneti","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01856689462967796,"gpt":0.3110746413501386,"spread":0.2925077467204606,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001835157,0.0001656536,0.000310877,0.0001631042,0.0000965478,0.00003215471,0.0004389218,0.0004390208,0.001231653],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001765275,0.00007542507,0.0001065844,0.0007693024,0.0006240887,0.0002223795,0.000222605,0.001005986,0.0000453687],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004673045,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003804088,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006260966,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.03983883,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9967924,0.00112235,0.0003550012,0.0006200619,0.0003663977,0.0007438151],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988638,0.0008380525,0.00002987308,0.0001125027,0.00001500089,0.0001407519],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001244975,0.0008168214,0.9157219,0.00002493828,0.00001585586,0.0001383881,0.001224581,0.00002837489,0.07420041,0.0006711029,0.00126947,0.005763683],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002865451,0.0009262115,0.9797953,0.000009940782,0.000003558206,0.000004593793,0.003183509,0.0002005191,0.0009455658,0.002564539,0.0119361,0.0001436125],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9960331,0.0008756652,1.421906e-7,0.001597501,0.0001526458,0.000594025,0.00005196903,0.00002838277,0.0006665415],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987143,0.00009761743,0.00002421158,0.0001040031,0.0001141598,0.00009670038,0.00009996659,0.000002174971,0.000746824],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.07325484,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996814,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4404368279","doi":"10.1088/2752-664x/ad9282","title":"Tundra fires and surface subsidence increase spectral diversity on the Yukon–Kuskokwim Delta, Alaska","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Research Ecology","topic":"Climate change and permafrost","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Biological and Physical Sciences Division; Division of Chemical, Bioengineering, Environmental, and Transport Systems","keywords":"Tundra; Delta; Subsidence; Environmental science; Physical geography; Geology; Geography; Geomorphology; Oceanography; Arctic; Engineering; Aerospace engineering","authors":[{"name":"Duncan Anderson","is_ca":false},{"name":"Roger Michaelides","is_ca":false},{"name":"Wenqu Chen","is_ca":false},{"name":"Gerald V. Frost","is_ca":false},{"name":"Matthew J. Macander","is_ca":false},{"name":"Mark J. Lara","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.06957637993265696,"gpt":0.2858187240534244,"spread":0.2162423441207674,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009106871,0.000114819,0.0001063534,0.00006417293,0.0007709674,0.0001044718,0.0002731043,0.00007364404,0.02901123],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006521088,0.00007919013,0.00003724363,0.0001145171,0.0007180076,0.0001560159,0.0002445862,0.0003513745,0.002506522],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003835387,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002533391,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005536468,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02811762,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983233,0.0003393919,0.00009503403,0.0003489552,0.0003848993,0.0005083714],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9976214,0.002019405,0.00001214754,0.0001764869,0.000003089655,0.0001675368],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007168043,0.00002727109,0.9932936,0.00001250146,0.00001746901,0.0002915121,0.0008466036,0.00005105809,0.0004082483,0.00009811169,0.003366139,0.00151576],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00008943217,0.0003536482,0.9908242,0.0000116652,0.000006042354,0.00003673225,0.0009841414,0.002269628,0.0002173315,0.001116334,0.003991268,0.00009963033],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9917599,0.001232152,2.448292e-7,0.003143969,0.0001529315,0.0002148228,0.0009147596,0.00001823403,0.002562994],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9959806,0.002361729,0.000005610351,0.0003371735,0.00009717035,0.000001826093,0.0002106115,0.000004334217,0.001000959],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02650471,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9982702,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4398244214","doi":"10.1088/2752-664x/ad4f93","title":"Landscape characteristics govern the impacts of beaver ponds on surface water methylmercury concentrations in boreal watersheds","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Research Ecology","topic":"Ecology and biodiversity studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry; The Scarborough Hospital; University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry","keywords":"Beaver; Methylmercury; Environmental science; Boreal; Taiga; Surface water; Hydrology (agriculture); Ecology; Geography; Biology; Environmental engineering; Geology; Bioaccumulation","authors":[{"name":"Wai Ying Lam","is_ca":true},{"name":"Robert Mackereth","is_ca":true},{"name":"Carl P. J. Mitchell","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0218781513998037,"gpt":0.2838668278062852,"spread":0.2619886764064815,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.001019731,0.0001239173,0.0001684484,0.0000532876,0.0002514959,0.00001993434,0.000276679,0.0001278521,0.003842096],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004818379,0.00007424911,0.00005279982,0.0001277695,0.001141527,0.0001206707,0.0005548478,0.0003894567,0.002075374],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004067332,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001316774,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001483955,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004522335,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982216,0.00033839,0.0001969419,0.0003139425,0.0003549992,0.0005741006],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991844,0.0005299464,0.00002142204,0.0001901153,0.000002420386,0.00007163995],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007956316,0.000203156,0.9716195,0.000009015647,0.00004100964,0.00008626108,0.002088706,0.00005318991,0.02072169,0.00006351151,0.004595981,0.0004384284],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002132645,0.0003965055,0.9830634,0.00000645851,0.00001073162,0.000005210997,0.0008568257,0.00026156,0.00860111,0.0001518311,0.006341982,0.00009113126],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9926495,0.00006714722,7.914551e-7,0.003212089,0.0001575169,0.0002654599,0.0001040728,0.00001030635,0.00353314],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9981821,0.0004380808,0.00001270861,0.000185564,0.00002530805,0.00001283924,0.00005738118,0.000008053503,0.001078014],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01212057,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9987016,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4410198393","doi":"10.1088/2752-664x/add5fd","title":"Sentinel imagery detects the presence of live trees following large wildfires in California","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Research Ecology","topic":"Fire effects on ecosystems","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"U.S. Geological Survey","keywords":"Aerial imagery; Remote sensing; Geography; Physical geography; Cartography","authors":[{"name":"Christopher Y. S. Wong","is_ca":true},{"name":"Micah Wright","is_ca":false},{"name":"Phillip J. van Mantgem","is_ca":false},{"name":"Andrew M. Latimer","is_ca":false},{"name":"Derek J. N. Young","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.009971587091113624,"gpt":0.281336480973561,"spread":0.2713648938824474,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.002842881,0.0001741316,0.0002875067,0.0001693531,0.000278726,0.00002374005,0.0007301719,0.0001355965,0.001269706],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007886272,0.0001379469,0.0001137487,0.000476481,0.0007513897,0.0001717689,0.001356408,0.0004265214,0.001144172],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000615613,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003215783,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00145833,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004993963,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9964208,0.00113736,0.0003934927,0.0005120233,0.0006481491,0.0008881548],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9972337,0.002074163,0.00007957908,0.0005246376,0.000002325715,0.0000855469],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004641156,0.0003416953,0.9393065,0.0000187669,0.00002671201,0.00008013456,0.0003508793,0.0001210283,0.0563301,0.00001967547,0.001229844,0.002128265],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006325407,0.0001043346,0.9836279,0.00004158841,0.000007667412,0.000004042614,0.0006019844,0.005081019,0.006914705,0.0004861293,0.002379221,0.0001188955],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9952226,0.0002185924,0.00001243393,0.0005782909,0.0001640026,0.0008189648,0.00002126669,0.00001552027,0.002948311],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985215,0.00006618616,0.00004544824,0.0001191444,0.00001816343,0.0002082975,0.000006202385,0.00001746209,0.0009975628],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.04941539,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996433,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4409061560","doi":"10.1088/2752-664x/adc0aa","title":"Climate change mitigation through woodland caribou (<i>Rangifer tarandus)</i> habitat restoration in British Columbia","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Research Ecology","topic":"Rangeland and Wildlife Management","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Natural Resources Canada; Canadian Forest Service; Western Forest Products","funders":"Mitacs","keywords":"Woodland caribou; Woodland; Habitat; Geography; Climate change; Ecology; Forestry; Agroforestry; Environmental science; Biology","authors":[{"name":"James C. Maltman","is_ca":true},{"name":"Nicholas C. Coops","is_ca":true},{"name":"Gregory J. M. Rickbeil","is_ca":false},{"name":"Txomin Hermosilla","is_ca":true},{"name":"A. Cole Burton","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02198325670890122,"gpt":0.2852566471562404,"spread":0.2632733904473392,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009390395,0.0001120995,0.0001978592,0.00007228014,0.0004139133,0.0001582875,0.0002582562,0.0001567968,0.002088668],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005292411,0.0001643239,0.00004947876,0.0003706506,0.0005030846,0.000432848,0.0005081451,0.0002842107,0.0005591682],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007746354,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009572797,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01372348,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.3267434,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9976006,0.0003857119,0.0002919033,0.0005425517,0.0004540598,0.0007252022],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994782,0.0001368459,0.00004397574,0.0002588163,0.000003066943,0.00007904902],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002485793,0.0002492835,0.9669674,0.00001544106,0.000008078402,0.00006993218,0.0002282034,0.00005995758,0.0004010323,0.00003164694,0.01682206,0.01512209],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001025545,0.0001499705,0.9664121,0.00003994511,0.000006776358,0.000003898338,0.0003478692,0.000234793,0.00003852751,0.001755334,0.02984095,0.0001442491],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9868941,0.0001710478,0.00001852273,0.001513506,0.0001987547,0.001000361,0.00004872181,0.00002336533,0.01013167],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9948577,0.00108766,0.0001296047,0.0009399133,0.00005907416,0.0005074777,0.0001211855,0.00001555856,0.00228178],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3130199,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9988236,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4406256905","doi":"10.1088/2752-664x/ada8b2","title":"A comparison of the effects of beaver ponds and forest harvest on stream methylmercury in boreal watersheds","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Research Ecology","topic":"Ecology and biodiversity studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry; The Scarborough Hospital; McMaster University; University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Jarislowsky Foundation; Canada Foundation for Innovation; Centre for Environmental Research in the Anthropocene, University of Toronto Scarborough","keywords":"Beaver; Taiga; Methylmercury; Environmental science; Boreal; Geography; Ecology; Hydrology (agriculture); Forestry; Physical geography; Biology; Geology","authors":[{"name":"Wai Ying Lam","is_ca":true},{"name":"Robert Mackereth","is_ca":true},{"name":"Celine Marie-Emanuelle Lajoie","is_ca":true},{"name":"Karen A. Kidd","is_ca":true},{"name":"Carl P. J. Mitchell","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01922859456790588,"gpt":0.3158221265757321,"spread":0.2965935320078262,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004390527,0.00009258472,0.0002287403,0.000101426,0.0001704926,0.000002904137,0.0002636966,0.000118122,0.0001246527],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001651522,0.00006686668,0.00003917411,0.0001724031,0.002052547,0.00005082012,0.001064872,0.0002490792,0.00002927395],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000214947,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000874591,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002806699,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002410337,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986952,0.0003576247,0.0001767083,0.0002456713,0.000221779,0.0003029969],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988499,0.0008807884,0.00004811421,0.0001840973,0.000001801809,0.00003533003],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008489873,0.0005426066,0.9889551,0.00003001644,0.00002679384,0.00000518232,0.000535775,0.00002848708,0.007415793,0.0001125955,0.001059571,0.001203154],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005244316,0.0006688606,0.9768724,0.00001661262,0.00001082425,4.160178e-7,0.000614448,0.00003851514,0.02042879,0.0004051716,0.00037166,0.00004780349],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9958621,0.00007263384,5.312496e-7,0.0005459127,0.00007748565,0.0003578073,0.00001075161,0.000002277719,0.003070468],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990039,0.0001172148,0.00002234454,0.00008252048,0.000003027895,0.00002095714,0.000003609897,0.000002752922,0.0007436668],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.013013,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7562695,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4411036206","doi":"10.1088/2752-664x/addd27","title":"Anti-racist, decolonial, and transdisciplinary approaches for nature-based solutions that benefit biodiversity and human well-being","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Research Ecology","topic":"Environmental and Cultural Studies in Latin America and Beyond","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Carleton University; Concordia University","funders":"","keywords":"Biodiversity; Environmental ethics; Sociology; Epistemology; Environmental resource management; Environmental science; Ecology; Philosophy; Biology","authors":[{"name":"Carly D. Ziter","is_ca":true},{"name":"Rachel T. Buxton","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03988507164472112,"gpt":0.3056955209593756,"spread":0.2658104493146545,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":["sts"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00041234,0.0001991926,0.0002387818,0.00006821163,0.002760208,0.00003615447,0.0002269289,0.0002085283,0.0008914926],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001429298,0.0001759182,0.00006620386,0.0001354692,0.003658246,0.0001343497,0.0009748592,0.0003337117,0.00005904849],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00032205,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000005061664,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004720634,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002996959,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982219,0.00009939868,0.0001610094,0.000635991,0.0002527806,0.0006288783],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993782,0.0002711592,0.00004250576,0.0001756775,0.000001802461,0.0001306805],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001403278,0.0008624101,0.9687815,0.00005220334,0.00008609329,0.00001179883,0.001020163,0.0001065309,0.01395887,0.00147143,0.0024639,0.01104476],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008826121,0.0005689837,0.9780298,0.000009627777,0.00004029622,0.000004917688,0.001848403,0.000321496,0.002393101,0.004467478,0.01119617,0.0002370863],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9881296,0.000328827,0.00006764937,0.002539472,0.00007435927,0.0006653414,0.00004159336,0.00001827693,0.008134943],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9977018,0.0002805036,0.0005576441,0.0003372902,0.00002226493,0.0001183833,0.00004845637,0.000007801478,0.000925843],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01156577,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9990532,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4413820831","doi":"10.1088/2752-664x/ae00ca","title":"Building an inclusive conservation vision founded upon ecological values and social opportunities","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Research Ecology","topic":"Conservation, Biodiversity, and Resource Management","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Canadian Parks and Wilderness Society","funders":"","keywords":"Sociology; Ecology; Geography; Environmental ethics; Biology; Philosophy","authors":[{"name":"Peter S. McKinley","is_ca":true},{"name":"R. Travis Belote","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.061165490686172,"gpt":0.3460936186764245,"spread":0.2849281279902525,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001317904,0.0001363208,0.0001600649,0.0001661573,0.001613587,0.00007322526,0.0002908892,0.0001764387,0.002100735],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006955302,0.0001326104,0.00003644393,0.0001387871,0.001316271,0.0002561805,0.002074436,0.000217869,0.0001020129],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007998424,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002235886,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001818441,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004079097,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9978129,0.0006602802,0.000199387,0.0004684091,0.0004288585,0.0004301692],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993536,0.000328143,0.00005485061,0.0001611231,0.000007215703,0.00009506047],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001796994,0.0007920997,0.9409589,0.00002664423,0.0000505046,0.00005855096,0.001853864,0.00007138104,0.0113557,0.001886551,0.004658111,0.03810801],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004835195,0.0004459156,0.9457303,0.000003663913,0.00001426116,0.000002191824,0.00485506,0.001043713,0.0001648736,0.01072494,0.0364044,0.000127187],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9866586,0.00002055103,0.00006726306,0.007581848,0.00008356277,0.0004437044,0.000009265616,0.00003097957,0.005104279],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9953523,0.00014541,0.0004113642,0.001294229,0.00003221692,0.00003501232,0.00004125482,0.000006501497,0.002681663],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03798082,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996862,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4414141624","doi":"10.1088/2752-664x/ae04f0","title":"Long-term expansion of satellite-measured beaver pond area after boreal forest fire","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Research Ecology","topic":"Ecology and biodiversity studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Environment and Climate Change Canada; Natural Resources Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Beaver; Castor canadensis; Taiga; Boreal; Shrub; Vegetation (pathology); Disturbance (geology)","authors":[{"name":"Robert Fraser","is_ca":true},{"name":"M McFarlane-Winchester","is_ca":true},{"name":"Ian Olthof","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02575534362678142,"gpt":0.2794370336334928,"spread":0.2536816900067113,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006089294,0.000170553,0.0002561493,0.0001102178,0.0003617539,0.000009550262,0.0003726843,0.0002435392,0.003568281],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009091593,0.0001563973,0.00009273502,0.0002102414,0.002104469,0.0001381748,0.001366851,0.0002946927,0.0009248781],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000509729,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002213841,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000118537,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002453395,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979294,0.0002646345,0.0002452453,0.0004956554,0.0004297356,0.0006353119],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991795,0.0003181614,0.00005429554,0.0003334948,0.000006845574,0.0001076538],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003057205,0.0003375315,0.9871321,0.00001634776,0.00005250252,0.00009570175,0.0002209777,0.000006652112,0.002447912,0.00001107833,0.002172665,0.007200751],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000523941,0.000344185,0.994535,0.00001230649,0.00001955515,0.000003951768,0.0002201789,0.00001538271,0.001925994,0.0003151089,0.00196081,0.0001235517],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9906995,0.0003843691,0.000006332134,0.0005884338,0.0001270292,0.0004255669,0.00003500038,0.00001357316,0.007720224],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.994507,0.0009656507,0.00007702216,0.0002112753,0.00001433154,0.00006228196,0.00004187938,0.00000740883,0.004113184],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.007402875,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999853,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4412534145","doi":"10.1088/2752-664x/adf22f","title":"Land use strategies for achieving Chile’s nationally determined contributions","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Research Ecology","topic":"Regional Economic and Spatial Analysis","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Research and Productivity Council","funders":"Inter-American Development Bank","keywords":"Environmental planning; Business; Natural resource economics; Geography; Economics","authors":[{"name":"Onil Banerjee","is_ca":true},{"name":"Martín Cicowiez","is_ca":false},{"name":"Gonzalo García-Trujillo","is_ca":false},{"name":"Kenneth J. Bagstad","is_ca":false},{"name":"Sebastian Dudek","is_ca":true},{"name":"Justin A. Johnson","is_ca":false},{"name":"Elías Albagli","is_ca":false},{"name":"Mario Garzón González","is_ca":false},{"name":"Maria Antonia Yung","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05264620677216299,"gpt":0.3074222543965083,"spread":0.2547760476243454,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007831344,0.00009776744,0.0002791916,0.0003657604,0.0003923819,0.0001091307,0.0002186437,0.0001149569,0.0006128231],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003650441,0.0001116334,0.0001291944,0.0001167261,0.0002409449,0.0002765511,0.0001211624,0.0001372922,0.000307774],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004215689,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007499912,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001854678,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005656155,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987748,0.0000482978,0.0003930279,0.0003684898,0.00003985893,0.0003755871],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998874,0.0007632967,0.00009514544,0.0001834856,0.00001752058,0.0000665375],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006509453,0.0001895776,0.3807507,0.00001145317,0.0001923951,0.000002756064,0.00005335555,0.000560048,0.000187144,0.6151316,0.002219612,0.0006362898],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001003998,0.000144916,0.6904367,0.000005640615,0.000009433241,0.0000017485,0.0001439579,0.008162487,0.00003906984,0.1929118,0.1069717,0.0001686307],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9748435,0.000421457,0.01089934,0.004764292,0.0001736359,0.0005592677,0.0008520639,0.0000165552,0.007469869],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9919142,0.0002515598,0.0003238971,0.0003003663,0.00006476941,0.0002236883,0.000187985,0.000009151825,0.006724378],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4222198,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6709983,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4416530523","doi":"10.1088/2752-664x/ae227b","title":"Beaver reservoirs have variable effects on downstream mercury in boreal stream food webs across harvested watersheds","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Research Ecology","topic":"Mercury impact and mitigation studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Ministry of Energy, Northern Development and Mines; Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry; Canadian Forest Service; The Scarborough Hospital; Natural Resources Canada; McMaster University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Jarislowsky Foundation; Canada Foundation for Innovation; Ministry of Natural Resources","keywords":"Beaver; Trophic level; Food chain; Food web; Bioaccumulation; Boreal; Mercury (programming language); Abiotic component; Hydrology (agriculture)","authors":[{"name":"Celine Marie-Emanuelle Lajoie","is_ca":true},{"name":"Karen A. Kidd","is_ca":true},{"name":"Wai Ying Lam","is_ca":true},{"name":"Carl P. J. Mitchell","is_ca":true},{"name":"Erik J. S. Emilson","is_ca":true},{"name":"Robert Mackereth","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02286019052399036,"gpt":0.3268566765917036,"spread":0.3039964860677133,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.001434903,0.0003012017,0.0003921519,0.0002212904,0.000538906,0.00006379408,0.000498149,0.0002617626,0.001715018],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003466782,0.0002709909,0.00007595399,0.0004789937,0.001073252,0.0003128702,0.001144353,0.0006186792,0.001308825],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001428429,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003886654,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005239367,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0024326,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9959785,0.0007329775,0.0003949033,0.0007658596,0.0007158822,0.001411908],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980847,0.001056544,0.00005973121,0.0005487755,0.000005831962,0.0002443814],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002297707,0.0006939335,0.9727722,0.00003334868,0.00007882718,0.00006268003,0.001076811,0.0002858421,0.007097581,0.0002210494,0.01040096,0.007047033],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001600823,0.001160387,0.9561313,0.00004372483,0.000009758823,0.000003903014,0.00155734,0.0001006025,0.02004115,0.001628621,0.01748515,0.000237177],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9663529,0.00005641587,0.000009698906,0.001077637,0.0001982277,0.0008728912,0.00008486399,0.00003181428,0.03131554],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9895651,0.0001753437,0.0001263061,0.0004930557,0.00003982464,0.0003268037,0.00008547769,0.00002486747,0.009163201],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02321221,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999743,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4402712800","doi":"10.1088/2752-664x/ad7d94","title":"Integrating remotely sensed imagery in a forest gap model to study North American boreal forests in a changing world","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Research Ecology","topic":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Taiga; Geography; Boreal; Physical geography; Remote sensing; Environmental science; Forestry; Archaeology","authors":[{"name":"Shelby Woodruff Sundquist","is_ca":false},{"name":"David A. Lutz","is_ca":false},{"name":"Adrianna Foster","is_ca":false},{"name":"Peter Z. Fulé","is_ca":false},{"name":"S. J. Goetz","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04324716675227015,"gpt":0.3301687417612766,"spread":0.2869215750090064,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001620058,0.0002007749,0.0002664044,0.001447387,0.0001885276,0.00004452699,0.0003211795,0.00006105017,0.0003066216],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002128023,0.0002026445,0.00004395445,0.002829603,0.0004590949,0.000260834,0.0007679623,0.0006952297,0.0006634543],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00147768,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004653959,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001160721,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.3761159,"domain_scores_codex":[0.996788,0.000552049,0.0003920307,0.0007658174,0.0004344025,0.001067762],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998916,0.0005901915,0.00004004144,0.0002820573,0.000002431999,0.0001693215],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001034493,0.0004347225,0.9736379,0.000004467418,0.000008634684,0.0005911057,0.002989481,0.007965343,0.0002031056,0.000043145,0.0002823675,0.01373621],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003046997,0.0004276592,0.8939433,0.00001324919,0.000003134829,0.000008085233,0.00157842,0.1028956,0.00001868225,0.0005689783,0.00007759435,0.0001605615],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9957144,0.000010665,0.0001319795,0.001159442,0.00006263078,0.001154701,0.000008089606,0.00003473172,0.001723362],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9970642,0.00001056223,0.0008241634,0.0004412871,0.00003563911,0.0003931217,0.00002093302,0.00003301728,0.001177097],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3749551,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8527584,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}