{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":6,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":6,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12"},"query_hash":"ecceeada052a","filters":{"venue":"European Journal of Language Policy"}},"results":[{"id":"W2100210751","doi":"10.3828/ejlp.2010.7","title":"Official languages in the armed forces of multilingual countries: A comparative study","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"European Journal of Language Policy","topic":"Military, Security, and Education Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"","keywords":"Humanities; Political science; Ethnology; Sociology; Art","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04250754165554056,"gpt":0.4103107253341805,"spread":0.36780318367864,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003190035,0.00009301485,0.000239787,0.0002015066,0.0001970444,0.00003831938,0.0004817247,0.0000164269,0.0001127785],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001289782,0.00006174936,0.00007480326,0.0003022274,0.0003502122,0.0001026815,0.00003437377,0.0003068605,0.00001410006],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002099567,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002688382,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004633407,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01493071,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9977482,0.001125129,0.0004345262,0.00008339606,0.0004118423,0.0001968885],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988632,0.0004234372,0.0003077619,0.0001351259,0.0002087866,0.00006166634],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000426081,0.0003078645,0.00483998,0.000006740966,0.00003240728,0.00006776225,0.9915527,0.00000271091,0.000141497,0.001046147,0.001098636,0.0008610175],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005848455,0.000197401,0.0549005,0.00001903632,0.0000208577,0.000007697989,0.9333847,0.000001042394,0.0000791394,0.00003864009,0.01069207,0.00007408645],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9663246,0.0009815678,0.000003098502,0.00127954,0.0002728756,0.0001769128,0.000008473063,0.000006941738,0.03094599],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9973825,0.00004913216,0.00007976213,0.0002276398,0.001989606,9.968714e-7,5.813443e-7,0.000006716331,0.0002630252],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.05816795,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8331684,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2461009488","doi":"10.3828/ejlp.2016.2","title":"The significance of multilingual education and the role of CLIL","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"European Journal of Language Policy","topic":"Second Language Learning and Teaching","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Sociology; Psychology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.009480173563122812,"gpt":0.2501640915393294,"spread":0.2406839179762066,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001179215,0.00005928811,0.0001193407,0.00006329625,0.0001246806,0.00003777545,0.0001964308,0.000005834943,0.000126127],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007312178,0.00002360165,0.00007072293,0.00001986629,0.0003665662,0.00006389277,0.00002595718,0.0001214512,0.000005026444],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000007303619,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006854617,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004956672,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005318243,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989657,0.0004882422,0.0003060636,0.00004546865,0.0001066327,0.00008793861],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988456,0.0004286194,0.0004711389,0.0001288614,0.00009608089,0.00002969616],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008215626,0.00002945503,0.0001256573,0.000009507779,0.00004080038,0.000004231675,0.2262474,7.385589e-7,0.003926254,0.03662238,0.0001487885,0.7327627],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004607916,0.0005305041,0.004427988,0.0006715876,0.0001447663,0.0001836006,0.545083,0.00002366212,0.01230007,0.002017142,0.4297134,0.0002963788],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9234103,0.006197064,0.00001043877,0.0007596425,0.000133725,0.00004404951,0.000004922605,0.000005000433,0.06943486],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9942132,0.00006215317,0.00004125647,0.0001314401,0.001233099,3.263387e-7,1.899577e-7,0.00001178179,0.004306603],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7324663,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1381002,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2076499139","doi":"10.3828/ejlp.2013.4","title":"A \"Bill 101\" in Switzerland? Language planning in the canton of Jura","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"European Journal of Language Policy","topic":"Gender Studies in Language","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Constitution; Parliament; Ideology; State (computer science); Law; Sociology; Political science; Politics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02434929061839017,"gpt":0.3394907088058373,"spread":0.3151414181874471,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003109323,0.0001299383,0.0002731517,0.0003891844,0.00008441016,0.0000582127,0.0008148992,0.00003246352,0.0001121908],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001630684,0.00007955571,0.0000929472,0.0006612006,0.0001734356,0.0001912078,0.00009170134,0.0004168908,0.00003107027],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001045107,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001544555,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02562306,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002147159,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9970441,0.001354539,0.0005826009,0.0001169422,0.0004981589,0.0004036011],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989045,0.000300118,0.0003920264,0.0002348774,0.00008515794,0.00008333926],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001648956,0.00007506748,0.01016833,0.00001809754,0.00002272574,0.001454723,0.9695411,0.00004081681,0.001419911,0.0004423282,0.003672971,0.01312748],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001351438,0.0001864145,0.1440622,0.0002644497,0.00001767871,0.00007160053,0.8465824,0.000009248592,0.0002197246,0.000144559,0.006850798,0.0002395224],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8992022,0.00184594,0.00001751933,0.002261359,0.0003779967,0.0001661495,0.000003751871,0.00001000358,0.09611502],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9967178,0.00005175111,0.0002925621,0.0004825036,0.002127458,0.000001982488,7.465569e-7,0.00001931787,0.0003059248],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1338938,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9808654,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1978480342","doi":"10.3828/ejlp.2012.15","title":"Interventions: Recent language developments in the EU","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"European Journal of Language Policy","topic":"Education in Diverse Contexts","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Eurobarometer; First language; German; Conversation; Foreign language; Population; Quarter (Canadian coin); Linguistics; Immigration; Psychology; Political science; Demography; Geography; Sociology; European union; Law; Communication; Pedagogy","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.08052023291265138,"gpt":0.4207123410995109,"spread":0.3401921081868595,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004351815,0.00006321512,0.00008477044,0.0002234117,0.0001225894,0.00006492532,0.0005216862,0.00001310716,0.0004440383],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001774235,0.00004594634,0.00008228882,0.0003990962,0.00007170612,0.0002872561,0.00004305576,0.0001917671,0.0002504918],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001459937,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001697615,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002855412,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001291426,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9974778,0.00158255,0.0003389633,0.00004795959,0.0002999124,0.0002528199],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993298,0.0001037278,0.000257051,0.0001184366,0.00007780745,0.0001131635],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007431949,0.0001907007,0.006255157,0.00001213768,0.0000170226,0.00009377599,0.898159,5.975765e-7,0.00006515439,0.01062919,0.00973655,0.07483326],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006139973,0.00003477904,0.1484696,0.0002214515,0.00001649043,0.00004566872,0.3709675,5.105559e-8,0.0000622235,0.00002790202,0.4794128,0.0001275288],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6231064,0.005148678,0.00003317663,0.01170851,0.0009105003,0.0001327843,0.000003004259,0.00001554562,0.3589414],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9942267,0.0002632005,0.0004877318,0.001633684,0.00166029,9.325066e-7,0.000001126805,0.000009627292,0.00171672],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5271915,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4861908,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4409317281","doi":"10.3828/ejlp.2025.2","title":"Language erosion","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"European Journal of Language Policy","topic":"Multilingual Education and Policy","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Geography; Philosophy","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03322179751974226,"gpt":0.4498566735073324,"spread":0.4166348759875902,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00141634,0.00007670526,0.0001261477,0.0003825023,0.0001865368,0.00007976497,0.0003732989,0.00002203927,0.0003553688],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001715633,0.00006604356,0.0001032696,0.0004616293,0.0001010733,0.0001076757,0.00003799159,0.0001936736,0.0001250264],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009174112,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006143441,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002011302,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001404928,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984751,0.0007248726,0.0003067541,0.00007320429,0.0002069027,0.0002131826],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992889,0.00009309988,0.0001985933,0.0001453582,0.0001130496,0.0001609733],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003729158,0.0001278174,0.0006257233,0.00002335075,0.00003761829,0.0001855442,0.5893692,0.000007397806,0.008826111,0.03730869,0.02714393,0.3363073],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009777629,0.00007056425,0.01361448,0.0001956846,0.00003188142,0.00001927185,0.08579819,0.000004993078,0.002088087,0.0001659362,0.8968418,0.0001913626],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4370623,0.0008907401,0.0001522712,0.008140761,0.0005391638,0.00005395102,0.000003073561,0.00003172299,0.553126],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9608703,0.0001043395,0.0004900165,0.003382506,0.002439573,2.101874e-7,0.000001018509,0.00001109817,0.03270089],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8696979,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3891039,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4415588164","doi":"10.3828/ejlp.2025.15","title":"Transformation of the urban linguistic landscape under the influence of social and cultural changes","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"European Journal of Language Policy","topic":"Linguistics, Language Diversity, and Identity","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Linguistic landscape; Globalization; Multilingualism; Megacity; Urbanization; Space (punctuation); Focus (optics); Adaptation (eye)","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01842356072848083,"gpt":0.2577230124703813,"spread":0.2392994517419005,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002948791,0.00006203711,0.0001184707,0.0000869162,0.0001753696,0.00005340596,0.0002275448,0.000009444868,0.00003212503],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001082313,0.00003337709,0.00007085452,0.00005461478,0.0002407548,0.00005852135,0.00005020123,0.0001143979,0.000001226952],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001029627,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003336704,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003262206,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002676782,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993989,0.0001425304,0.0002172016,0.00003689713,0.000127784,0.00007669921],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990425,0.00003856859,0.0002500306,0.00007174118,0.0005808106,0.00001636448],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003470514,0.00003413592,0.001393106,0.0001686889,0.0001021727,0.000006616527,0.9273276,0.00001984339,0.0002442716,0.06642057,0.003694727,0.0005535876],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002684902,0.0002891558,0.3160374,0.0006782443,0.0006582467,0.00001040975,0.6297776,0.00003797871,0.001566627,0.001643407,0.04626418,0.0003519187],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9797494,0.0004760933,0.000006162667,0.0004619047,0.0006247736,0.00004534866,0.0000297968,0.000004011197,0.01860254],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9953993,0.00002773819,0.000004818672,0.0003741161,0.003379206,7.635665e-8,9.777382e-7,0.000004055786,0.0008097169],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3146443,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1361078,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}