{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":10,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":10,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12","author_layer_release":"2026-06-26"},"query_hash":"0a07ac956956","filters":{"venue":"Food Webs"}},"results":[{"id":"W228329454","doi":"10.1016/j.fooweb.2015.04.002","title":"Expanded trophic complexity among large sharks","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Food Webs","topic":"Ichthyology and Marine Biology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":76,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Windsor","funders":"Natural Environment Research Council; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs; Sight Research UK; Australian Institute of Marine Science; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Trophic level; Biology; Ecology; Generalist and specialist species; Predation; Ecosystem; Apex predator; Trophic cascade; Food chain; Isotope analysis; Food web; Habitat","authors":[{"name":"Nigel E. Hussey","is_ca":true},{"name":"M. Aaron MacNeil","is_ca":false},{"name":"Margaret C. Siple","is_ca":false},{"name":"Brian N. Popp","is_ca":false},{"name":"Sheldon F. Dudley","is_ca":false},{"name":"Aaron T. Fisk","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04098768807101524,"gpt":0.2461270114017702,"spread":0.2051393233307549,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001999172,0.00008774414,0.0001149137,0.00001400512,0.00007284754,0.000005801957,0.0001868708,0.0001040862,0.003349489],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003855309,0.00007454422,0.00003367307,0.00006831995,0.0002549315,0.00008204176,0.000298383,0.0001188113,0.002394768],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004577015,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008396063,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009481549,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001178127,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992622,0.0000703971,0.0001012133,0.0002012492,0.00008987566,0.0002751082],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996433,0.0000121278,0.00003031061,0.0001914719,0.00000474132,0.0001180237],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006826728,0.0001212896,0.9693474,0.000001982578,0.00001758038,0.00001073513,0.0002641641,0.00002114665,0.0004008051,0.002745438,0.02668265,0.0003186033],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001016373,0.0006193782,0.9254125,0.000001702058,0.00001075893,0.00001767747,0.00007662018,0.0002714916,0.0005261977,0.01084346,0.06101521,0.0001885871],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9474272,0.00001963897,0.0001127043,0.000224598,0.0002604694,0.00008967963,0.000007801007,0.00005333639,0.05180459],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99793,0.000001413203,0.000215841,0.0004056153,0.00006440884,0.00001198898,0.00002376224,0.000006148284,0.001340794],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.05050285,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.998382,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2891382240","doi":"10.1016/j.fooweb.2018.e00091","title":"A mass-balanced food web model for a kelp forest ecosystem near its southern distributional limit in the northern hemisphere","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Food Webs","topic":"Marine and coastal plant biology","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; Fisheries and Oceans Canada","funders":"Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada, Baja California; Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología","keywords":"Kelp forest; Food web; Ecosystem; Ecology; Environmental science; Nekton; Marine ecosystem; Detritus; Seagrass; Understory; Benthic zone; Ecosystem engineer; Ecosystem model; Primary producers; Kelp; Fishery; Phytoplankton; Biology; Habitat; Canopy","authors":[{"name":"Ainoa Vilalta-Navas","is_ca":false},{"name":"Rodrigo Beas‐Luna","is_ca":false},{"name":"Luis E. Calderón‐Aguilera","is_ca":false},{"name":"Lydia B. Ladah","is_ca":false},{"name":"Fiorenza Micheli","is_ca":false},{"name":"Villy Christensen","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jorge Torre","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02014801885722621,"gpt":0.2000858360184448,"spread":0.1799378171612186,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002222052,0.000160562,0.0001779215,0.00001969946,0.0001855007,0.00006751297,0.0003638175,0.0001105351,0.0002964515],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003939878,0.0001054385,0.0000852362,0.0001320957,0.00005097926,0.00007201709,0.00001870746,0.0001195216,0.0003211204],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000005770237,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001348698,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001860705,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.3916376,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988857,0.00004986138,0.0002215417,0.0002750381,0.0001661398,0.0004017072],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994643,0.0001369417,0.00008020827,0.0001861825,0.00006564415,0.00006671018],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001314467,0.0001161883,0.9639174,0.0001946262,0.0001499525,0.00001243769,0.001060559,0.01110964,0.0001542553,0.001727696,0.003274273,0.0169685],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001248034,0.002156971,0.006043747,0.00003671077,0.00002214891,0.00003768477,0.0004137051,0.9446679,0.00004612027,0.005422181,0.03955487,0.0003499652],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9772018,0.0001547954,0.0008539469,0.0004792227,0.0001229385,0.000440583,0.009997604,0.00003564029,0.01071348],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9977151,0.000005895361,0.0001358995,0.0002421089,0.0002730208,0.0000209685,0.001009218,0.000005031448,0.0005928279],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9578736,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6194634,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3109137188","doi":"10.1016/j.fooweb.2020.e00181","title":"Functional and trophic diversity of tropical headwater stream communities inferred from carbon, nitrogen and hydrogen stable isotope ratios","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Food Webs","topic":"Isotope Analysis in Ecology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Burapha University; Royal Golden Jubilee (RGJ) Ph.D. Programme; Thailand Research Fund","keywords":"Trophic level; Food web; Ecology; Isotope analysis; Guild; Benthic zone; Invertebrate; Biology; Environmental science; Habitat","authors":[{"name":"Brian Hayden","is_ca":true},{"name":"Sampan Tongnunui","is_ca":false},{"name":"F. W. H. Beamish","is_ca":false},{"name":"Patchara Nithirojpakdee","is_ca":false},{"name":"David X. Soto","is_ca":true},{"name":"Richard A. Cunjak","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0207621262590234,"gpt":0.1897345223590072,"spread":0.1689723960999838,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00003976938,0.00009828978,0.0002045787,0.00001894831,0.0001496266,0.00001262158,0.0001253724,0.00005932345,0.001166257],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001977252,0.00009156377,0.00003208368,0.00007474889,0.0002611202,0.000112632,0.0007791105,0.000104023,0.00002065567],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002992388,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009691386,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001344607,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001962125,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992844,0.0001029117,0.0001531103,0.0001657635,0.0001545679,0.0001392783],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996399,0.00005732402,0.00005146153,0.0001434121,0.000008388503,0.0000995418],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005424979,0.00003446352,0.99608,0.000003981834,0.00008495915,0.000001798871,0.001159478,0.0002693949,0.001949688,0.00002436639,0.0002600013,0.00007755434],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001317283,0.0008816197,0.9749109,0.000004754365,0.0001770906,0.000004122352,0.001269901,0.007049075,0.01027228,0.002827514,0.001036184,0.0002493107],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9985846,0.00007648733,0.00003926627,0.0006019496,0.00001588089,0.0001079834,0.00004588134,0.00001492477,0.0005130665],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993105,0.00002134182,0.00015065,0.0004205727,0.00002815676,0.000005728656,0.00002945878,0.000006127279,0.00002747943],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0211692,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997468,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4385652520","doi":"10.1016/j.fooweb.2023.e00305","title":"Building urban predator-prey networks using camera traps","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Food Webs","topic":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft; Université du Québec en Outaouais","keywords":"Predation; Vulpes; Predator; Trophic level; Ecology; Biology; Mesopredator release hypothesis; Apex predator; Mammal; Occupancy; Camera trap; Interspecific competition; Habitat","authors":[{"name":"Tiziana A. Gelmi-Candusso","is_ca":true},{"name":"Chris Brimacombe","is_ca":true},{"name":"Germain Collinge Ménard","is_ca":true},{"name":"Marie‐Josée Fortin","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02091762165401911,"gpt":0.2375527250178176,"spread":0.2166351033637985,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001539731,0.00008466537,0.00008228342,0.00002820556,0.0001924038,0.00001910182,0.0001505387,0.00009414009,0.0004894222],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002523436,0.00008859783,0.00003599001,0.0003701783,0.0000676808,0.0001853212,0.0001098663,0.0001159507,0.0003680566],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006331516,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009965394,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002968838,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001145563,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992373,0.00004577357,0.0001240098,0.0002151958,0.0001094787,0.0002682593],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996857,0.00004996848,0.00004589997,0.0001595633,0.000003024244,0.00005582552],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001014845,0.00001562204,0.9488155,0.000002573389,0.00001749444,0.000005396588,0.0001542044,0.02395406,0.000953898,0.000259499,0.02427287,0.001538721],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002103975,0.0001014875,0.8983604,0.00001121503,0.00001791698,0.000005622839,0.00004706733,0.09012754,0.0002084271,0.0007827561,0.009951499,0.0001756663],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9964809,0.00002808827,0.001779597,0.000255239,0.0003259559,0.0001127316,0.000003403624,0.0001309832,0.0008831416],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998412,0.000006494688,0.0006626533,0.0004730988,0.0001263612,0.00001245203,0.000008709121,0.00001227021,0.000286026],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.06617348,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.535883,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2802160681","doi":"10.1016/j.fooweb.2018.e00084","title":"Asymmetric assimilation of an anthropogenic resource subsidy in a freshwater food web","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Food Webs","topic":"Isotope Analysis in Ecology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; University of Guelph","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Aquaculture; Food web; Trophic level; Food chain; Assimilation (phonology); Ecology; Pelagic zone; Fishery; Biology; Environmental science; Fish <Actinopterygii>","authors":[{"name":"Laura E. Johnson","is_ca":true},{"name":"Bailey C. McMeans","is_ca":true},{"name":"Neil Rooney","is_ca":true},{"name":"Marie Gutgesell","is_ca":true},{"name":"Richard D. Moccia","is_ca":true},{"name":"Kevin S. McCann","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01258304680409477,"gpt":0.2419313904390627,"spread":0.2293483436349679,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004096731,0.0001132588,0.0002015828,0.0002413624,0.00006792614,0.00001121042,0.0003054141,0.000111491,0.003444867],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001095633,0.0001050481,0.00005965622,0.0009930287,0.0003440108,0.0001965808,0.000167078,0.0001016501,0.000453512],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001270683,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001797741,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005444111,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0377556,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986424,0.0001570438,0.0003213882,0.0003273157,0.000258477,0.0002933236],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993419,0.00004689948,0.0001236695,0.000402497,0.00001226515,0.00007277347],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006919137,0.0004735096,0.9763147,0.00000769799,0.00006217145,0.000005259422,0.0007665991,0.0009222333,0.01112546,0.0001241072,0.004420171,0.005708903],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001340384,0.005510898,0.8190744,0.00001228791,0.00006391505,0.00001228076,0.0002735122,0.01893,0.0826968,0.001032039,0.07063439,0.0004190954],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9860302,0.00002376733,0.00007177235,0.000151339,0.00007337915,0.0001462942,0.00002019178,0.00002183031,0.01346121],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984189,0.00000407747,0.001155094,0.0001778896,0.00006647006,0.00001043512,0.00001391635,0.00001567144,0.0001375092],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1572403,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9974661,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2613416221","doi":"10.1016/j.fooweb.2017.05.001","title":"Performance of a tri-trophic food web under different climate change scenarios","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Food Webs","topic":"Plant and animal studies","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Ministère de l'Éducation, du Loisir et du Sport Québec","keywords":"Trophic level; Food web; Climate change; Ecology; Geography; Biology","authors":[{"name":"Sandra Flores-Mejía","is_ca":true},{"name":"Valérie Fournier","is_ca":true},{"name":"Conrad Cloutier","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1084245753539841,"gpt":0.2269518573013152,"spread":0.1185272819473312,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006028987,0.0001248151,0.0002081157,0.000007072724,0.00049801,0.00004508439,0.0002947975,0.00005480031,0.00005786826],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001111699,0.00004193282,0.00008394759,0.00003854344,0.00007048863,0.000108548,0.0001838975,0.00007112384,0.00002931287],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00000797994,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000001802599,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001209329,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002272328,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992717,0.00001447248,0.0001307588,0.0001681324,0.0001423511,0.0002725869],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997127,0.00003003158,0.0001343388,0.00004675576,0.00002722333,0.00004896408],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002878408,0.0002897791,0.7983555,0.0000946173,0.000105324,0.000003012691,0.0001496686,6.347071e-7,0.1718967,0.001119537,0.0002805281,0.02741677],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002004605,0.002193936,0.9939232,0.00005868789,0.00001436885,0.000002155351,0.00006020618,0.0001091852,0.001806015,0.0000689817,0.001430947,0.0001318616],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9969381,0.0003383966,1.923145e-8,0.001048102,0.00008584152,0.0001352598,0.0002173622,0.0000299239,0.001207003],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987647,0.0008032555,0.00000273092,0.00006247602,0.0002928756,0.00001989309,0.000007530278,7.76824e-7,0.00004576147],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1955677,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.383034,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4385776777","doi":"10.1016/j.fooweb.2023.e00309","title":"Coyotes eat flies at carrion","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Food Webs","topic":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Trent University","funders":"Noble Research Institute","keywords":"Carrion; Generalist and specialist species; Facultative; Carnivore; Biology; Ecology; Canis; Scavenger; Zoology; Predation; Habitat","authors":[{"name":"David S. Mason","is_ca":false},{"name":"Abby K. Jones","is_ca":false},{"name":"Brandon T. Barton","is_ca":true},{"name":"Mike D. Proctor","is_ca":false},{"name":"Stephen L. Webb","is_ca":false},{"name":"Marcus A. Lashley","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01461262907048729,"gpt":0.2070832956277566,"spread":0.1924706665572693,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008127898,0.00004882763,0.0000477352,0.00001523213,0.0001462334,0.00000620881,0.00007577308,0.000048567,0.001846749],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002650755,0.00004576103,0.00002119203,0.0001572599,0.0000632152,0.00007958738,0.0001235095,0.00003713126,0.01082164],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005151423,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000003314745,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002122389,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006591597,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995672,0.00002024626,0.00006252512,0.0001263643,0.00008687563,0.0001367883],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998054,0.00004259526,0.00001916723,0.0001027518,0.000001763301,0.00002833118],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006388529,0.000005657428,0.9270838,0.000001532069,0.000004396579,0.000002252269,0.0001592974,0.0001519493,0.0007875917,0.0001044638,0.07123396,0.0004587301],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009322064,0.00008244623,0.9560759,0.000001899735,0.000003838131,0.000001948256,0.00004602924,0.0002375436,0.001193918,0.0008362928,0.04136537,0.00006161416],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9889882,0.00001310399,0.000005225297,0.001720533,0.000191593,0.00006055581,0.00000470685,0.0001076855,0.008908363],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9922817,0.000009424522,0.00003171662,0.0005084612,0.00003301063,0.00001565128,0.00001872278,0.000004970766,0.007096322],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02986859,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9990657,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4402812694","doi":"10.1016/j.fooweb.2024.e00366","title":"Endemic and elusive trophic interactions: The first comprehensive description of the diet of short-eared dogs (Atelocynus microtis) in Amazon rainforests","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Food Webs","topic":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Acadia University","funders":"National Geographic Society","keywords":"Rainforest; Amazon rainforest; Trophic level; Ecology; Geography; Biology; Zoology; Amazon basin","authors":[{"name":"Patrick Champagne","is_ca":true},{"name":"Hernani F. M. Oliveira","is_ca":false},{"name":"Carter J. Payne","is_ca":false},{"name":"Renata Leite Pitman","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01929298683446695,"gpt":0.2288171902732413,"spread":0.2095242034387744,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001001731,0.00007299177,0.00009452505,0.0000343169,0.00006564781,0.00001199232,0.000130266,0.00005203053,0.00006906602],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003372853,0.0000474791,0.00004008858,0.000219409,0.0002574509,0.0001638799,0.0001250806,0.0001602392,0.00001505728],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006723042,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001443663,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002212832,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00477222,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994168,0.00006086795,0.0001996907,0.0001340665,0.00009158528,0.00009703235],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996357,0.0001451307,0.00005572423,0.0001405074,0.00001022013,0.00001274197],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009749744,0.00003694919,0.9807985,0.00004565826,0.00003861218,0.000001845972,0.002806805,0.0006693678,0.01164109,0.0002355534,0.002500885,0.001127268],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001182339,0.0001593651,0.9942117,0.00008284096,0.00001708042,0.00001281284,0.0003028642,0.001206047,0.00094938,0.0008972084,0.001991655,0.00005076335],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.997309,0.0002670768,0.00001888926,0.001541158,0.0002573235,0.0002883426,0.00001131096,0.000009329816,0.0002975961],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995521,0.00005833072,0.00002208412,0.0002310206,0.00001585941,0.00002836528,0.000003518344,0.000004904179,0.00008378805],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01341328,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2663011,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4390920970","doi":"10.1016/j.fooweb.2024.e00335","title":"The great escape: Interspecific interaction and behavioral response to a semi-arboreal predator, the Tayra (Eira barbara), by a group of black-faced spider monkeys (Ateles chamek)","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Food Webs","topic":"Primate Behavior and Ecology","field":"Psychology","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Acadia University","funders":"","keywords":"Predator; Arboreal locomotion; Spider; Predation; Biology; Ecology; Interspecific competition; Vigilance (psychology); Zoology; Habitat","authors":[{"name":"Carter J. Payne","is_ca":false},{"name":"Clemencia Pinasco","is_ca":false},{"name":"Liselot R. Lange","is_ca":false},{"name":"Patrick Champagne","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jeroen Ten Haaf","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02763886632242091,"gpt":0.3246580059452901,"spread":0.2970191396228692,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005772124,0.0002713921,0.0002903211,0.0001483037,0.0001610034,0.000151554,0.0003821391,0.000204077,0.0005366424],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004181695,0.0001768622,0.0001263594,0.0002637192,0.0002979759,0.0001503981,0.0002100654,0.0004218005,0.0002214238],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001193839,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000326648,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001778962,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004275526,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979411,0.0004505338,0.0004371066,0.00052782,0.0001782292,0.0004651605],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986628,0.0004559609,0.00009449825,0.0006165549,0.00004913739,0.0001210214],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0215138,0.001838032,0.01902693,0.0001432284,0.001018185,0.0002892957,0.06802126,0.0000114425,0.2298553,0.009042457,0.5881634,0.06107666],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004905041,0.0214013,0.3035829,0.0004186331,0.001043,0.0008064444,0.05736634,0.0005666302,0.02140181,0.001365383,0.5852197,0.001922869],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9929406,0.001345591,0.00007747947,0.001967178,0.001584727,0.0006339967,0.0002111997,0.0001228808,0.001116345],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9981626,0.00006942911,0.0000187366,0.0001566563,0.0001000663,0.0002253362,0.00003121657,0.00005194691,0.001184012],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2845559,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7212233,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4401422200","doi":"10.1016/j.fooweb.2024.e00357","title":"Do invasive terrestrial invertebrates subsidize north-temperate fish populations? The case of the spongy moth (Lymantria dispar dispar)","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Food Webs","topic":"Fish Ecology and Management Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry; University of Toronto; University of New Brunswick; Canada Research Chairs","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Biology; Ecology; Lepomis; Predation; Introduced species; Population; Invasive species; Invertebrate; Trophic level; Fishery","authors":[{"name":"Timothy Fernandes","is_ca":true},{"name":"Brian J. Shuter","is_ca":true},{"name":"Bailey C. McMeans","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02213275069767583,"gpt":0.2338196989722327,"spread":0.2116869482745569,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002141804,0.0001553032,0.0001584653,0.00002841514,0.0004647632,0.00006583785,0.0003214671,0.00005382464,0.0006331849],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001564771,0.00008717044,0.00009913299,0.0003840623,0.0003660325,0.00020261,0.0004958431,0.0001508461,0.0001594962],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000496613,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000175207,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003815928,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.1009557,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989333,0.0001522756,0.0002468493,0.0002929545,0.0001388865,0.0002357226],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999353,0.000184438,0.00008003122,0.0003427925,0.000004977338,0.00003476059],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004589136,0.00007228837,0.7909781,0.00003769225,0.0001871751,0.0001660062,0.001079138,0.000680206,0.00007491851,0.002290894,0.2041749,0.0002127527],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005135864,0.0001809204,0.987455,0.00004467457,0.0001909033,0.00007133861,0.0005732138,0.0008748326,0.0007990364,0.003476095,0.005589145,0.0002313316],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9921731,0.00007713117,0.000007423272,0.004387203,0.001249823,0.0004840934,0.00006884106,0.00003925881,0.001513079],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985061,0.00005534475,0.00001260856,0.0005425665,0.00009585173,0.00005952851,0.00001122432,0.00001241461,0.0007043617],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1985858,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9154495,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}