{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":50,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":50,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12"},"query_hash":"05fa7a44f1bd","filters":{"venue":"Forest Ecosystems"}},"results":[{"id":"W2809592418","doi":"10.1186/s40663-018-0142-2","title":"Young and old forest in the boreal: critical stages of ecosystem dynamics and management under global change","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Forest Ecosystems","topic":"Forest Ecology and Biodiversity Studies","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":206,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Natural Resources Canada; Canadian Forest Service","funders":"Academy of Finland","keywords":"Disturbance (geology); Biodiversity; Taiga; Forest ecology; Climate change; Biome; Ecosystem; Environmental science; Forest management; Ecology; Biomass (ecology); Forest restoration; Boreal; Secondary forest; Geography; Forest dynamics; Global warming; Agroforestry; Biology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02448318270669555,"gpt":0.2349856113624509,"spread":0.2105024286557554,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003449369,0.0001333114,0.0002108523,0.00001598682,0.0002479247,0.00004495636,0.0001964936,0.0001027658,0.00001014138],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001875026,0.00005061555,0.00003472978,0.0001887586,0.0002363973,0.0001066221,0.0001806811,0.00005763718,0.000008397434],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004169942,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000170368,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002580953,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.4924977,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999047,0.00008989227,0.0002026309,0.0002460778,0.0001422842,0.0002721319],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996309,0.0001424653,0.00006576259,0.00006562537,0.00004852937,0.00004676146],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002093935,0.00004690494,0.9342612,0.0001023726,0.0000230525,0.00001167083,0.0001419773,1.921264e-7,0.000001469326,0.06456173,0.0003193261,0.0005091816],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001672037,0.00046099,0.993874,0.00006780712,0.00002552111,0.00003043867,0.002563454,0.0006217015,0.000001046583,0.001381687,0.0007007837,0.0001053836],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9958127,0.0002660147,0.000003198473,0.001587356,0.0002241988,0.0004480545,0.0003308845,0.00001948347,0.001308145],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994639,0.0001484189,0.0000123982,0.0001281778,0.0001481879,0.00003172724,0.00003401739,6.507606e-7,0.00003257318],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4899168,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5167629,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2288393565","doi":"10.1186/s40663-016-0064-9","title":"Use of models in large-area forest surveys: comparing model-assisted, model-based and hybrid estimation","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Forest Ecosystems","topic":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":173,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Canadian Forest Service","funders":"","keywords":"Estimator; Computer science; Estimation; Inference; Field (mathematics); Data mining; Small area estimation; Statistics; Artificial intelligence; Mathematics; Engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04525001485571021,"gpt":0.2377053535809887,"spread":0.1924553387252785,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005724987,0.0001507927,0.0002552162,0.00008072388,0.00008228733,0.00003671162,0.0001296156,0.00006096575,0.000006531563],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003534743,0.0001175934,0.00004532151,0.0001384432,0.00007553225,0.0003978454,0.00007254538,0.00006129697,0.00002095505],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001480939,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002162793,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001932807,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02202991,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986908,0.00009222074,0.0003978629,0.0003280129,0.0002255234,0.0002656217],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992154,0.0001139858,0.000160226,0.0003965641,0.00001878264,0.00009509335],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008688688,0.00005657842,0.1079237,0.00002004016,0.000003252473,6.688704e-7,0.0000479984,0.8893062,0.0006607678,0.0003909292,0.0001402955,0.001440894],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004684679,0.00001568781,0.034244,0.0001324576,0.000007661961,0.000005384138,0.000005127701,0.9621701,0.000211327,0.002563229,0.00003143905,0.0001451682],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.5328446,0.000005966251,0.4664646,0.00003218926,0.00001528989,0.0001916622,0.00003907554,0.00002383744,0.000382721],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9939812,0.000004882315,0.005818307,0.00001156348,0.000005842488,0.00001405188,0.00003669196,0.00002199159,0.0001054065],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4611366,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9958155,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3164699415","doi":"10.1186/s40663-021-00303-1","title":"Tree growth is more limited by drought in rear-edge forests most of the times","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Forest Ecosystems","topic":"Tree-ring climate responses","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":83,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Wilfrid Laurier University","funders":"U.S. Forest Service; Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades","keywords":"Fagus sylvatica; Quercus petraea; Quercus robur; Dendrochronology; Biology; Abies alba; Ecology; Picea abies; Dendroclimatology; Climate change; Arid; Population; Beech; Geography","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01102549971774041,"gpt":0.2107605099411751,"spread":0.1997350102234347,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002532742,0.0001860016,0.0003177792,0.00009261439,0.00009436116,0.00005881235,0.0004056072,0.0001223905,0.0006525475],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002311624,0.0001313274,0.0001059979,0.0007907217,0.00007618014,0.0001692829,0.00004369723,0.0001511659,0.0001598947],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001169744,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001212764,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006151235,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.1966421,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983155,0.000194531,0.0004278224,0.0003254946,0.0003549293,0.0003816957],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988316,0.0003631017,0.0001683544,0.0004657503,0.00007786466,0.0000933284],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004100306,0.00003126191,0.9838717,0.0001167272,0.0000210334,0.00003365036,0.0002651526,0.0001601419,0.0001247003,0.00009227757,0.01464076,0.0006015716],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004186661,0.00005341059,0.9770754,0.0002223104,0.00001424234,0.00005062616,0.0002239864,0.01218173,0.003018478,0.0002577464,0.006307716,0.0001756677],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9891694,0.001581546,0.000003811716,0.0006293306,0.0003707869,0.0002406793,0.0007631188,0.00003733654,0.00720403],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9977047,0.00006944755,0.00003848222,0.00009147576,0.00006176661,0.000004161593,0.0002135776,0.00001105764,0.001805305],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1904909,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9298868,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3034807935","doi":"10.1186/s40663-020-00248-x","title":"Dynamics of dead wood decay in Swiss forests","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Forest Ecosystems","topic":"Forest Ecology and Biodiversity Studies","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":69,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Canadian Sport Centre Pacific","funders":"Canadian Forest Service; Natural Resources Canada; Bundesamt für Umwelt; U.S. Forest Service","keywords":"Snag; Environmental science; Coarse woody debris; Ecosystem; Forest ecology; Atmospheric sciences; Forest dynamics; Forestry; Ecology; Geography; Biology; Habitat","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01903670002377774,"gpt":0.1980722763536993,"spread":0.1790355763299216,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001240599,0.0001210638,0.0002774849,0.00001451053,0.00009280611,0.00001157811,0.0002761962,0.0001259917,0.00008986435],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003384952,0.00005122901,0.0000863883,0.0003295911,0.00005889691,0.00007869799,0.0001250977,0.00009909264,0.00009561177],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000332136,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006725611,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007298023,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.2579171,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999095,0.00004597874,0.0002610956,0.000225372,0.0001209493,0.0002515746],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996069,0.0001137616,0.0001132155,0.00003931375,0.00004417518,0.00008264153],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004435297,0.00005136485,0.9951526,0.00003641929,0.0000181432,0.00001436014,0.0001315697,0.00004364219,0.0002721367,0.002971124,0.0007810785,0.0004832296],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002834484,0.0004838397,0.9932361,0.00003368039,0.00001089548,0.000003997864,0.0006273083,0.002272247,0.0003302147,0.0005637856,0.00198683,0.0001676598],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9945828,0.0001237252,0.000004090908,0.003770953,0.0001341413,0.0002283827,0.0001338013,0.00003762961,0.000984499],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999653,0.00001502218,0.00001190937,0.00009265848,0.00009514494,0.00000861404,0.00008676374,6.623644e-7,0.00003627035],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2571873,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7556239,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2965544645","doi":"10.1186/s40663-019-0194-y","title":"Litterfall dynamics along a successional gradient in a Brazilian tropical dry forest","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Forest Ecosystems","topic":"Environmental and biological studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":68,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico; Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Chronosequence; Plant litter; Environmental science; Basal area; Tropical and subtropical dry broadleaf forests; Vegetation (pathology); Litter; Old-growth forest; Ecology; Forest floor; Ecological succession; Soil water; Biology; Ecosystem; Agroforestry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.005812417504813417,"gpt":0.1934837819385677,"spread":0.1876713644337543,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001327749,0.0002058844,0.000277537,0.00002830347,0.00008800633,0.00002609614,0.0003019248,0.0001176966,0.001010828],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001335773,0.0001399019,0.00009505563,0.0001494189,0.0001280187,0.0001366576,0.0004129907,0.0001752343,0.002538356],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004704578,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000003287344,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002400105,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.1095239,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983684,0.00006329216,0.0003578974,0.0004626754,0.0002935041,0.000454195],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995152,0.00006378323,0.00008198597,0.0002127404,0.000001833384,0.0001245056],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002864266,0.0001485715,0.997642,0.00001912799,0.0000068859,0.00001916923,0.00004907485,0.0007137278,0.0001279624,0.0005021857,0.0002060968,0.0005365257],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004441829,0.0002065446,0.9797282,0.00005238746,0.000003196143,0.000007625918,0.00008231532,0.01193639,0.00001179131,0.000698359,0.006619554,0.0002095066],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9935348,0.00006945487,0.00004320006,0.0002781951,0.0002984134,0.0004408854,0.00002320506,0.00003199784,0.005279826],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986575,0.00002194427,0.00008950987,0.0001385302,0.00006080518,0.00005826466,0.0000422546,0.00001237283,0.0009187767],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1071238,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999024,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3164226983","doi":"10.1186/s40663-021-00309-9","title":"Strong controls of daily minimum temperature on the autumn photosynthetic phenology of subtropical vegetation in China","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Forest Ecosystems","topic":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":56,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Natural Science Foundation of China; National Aeronautics and Space Administration","keywords":"Subtropics; Phenology; Vegetation (pathology); China; Ecosystem; Environmental science; Photosynthesis; Ecology; Geography; Agroforestry; Biology; Botany","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.006009777808706253,"gpt":0.1961978916267452,"spread":0.190188113818039,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001786526,0.0001286162,0.0002896104,0.00002539125,0.00003943982,0.00001387775,0.000188855,0.0001394864,0.0001268296],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001374673,0.00007894733,0.00007546754,0.0002378927,0.0001074364,0.00004953431,0.00005265842,0.0002068487,0.00004795881],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009192403,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001799575,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002920548,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005753519,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986738,0.0002460384,0.0003650192,0.0002442778,0.0002702335,0.0002006258],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992785,0.0001562467,0.0001866931,0.0003269005,0.00001797455,0.00003369788],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008374336,0.0003165998,0.1183475,0.0001258983,0.0000472668,0.00004563044,0.001788963,0.01949339,0.8537349,0.004479121,0.001212018,0.0003249483],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007958313,0.0002149107,0.935424,0.000312054,0.00002022989,0.00004699513,0.0005177092,0.01589983,0.04532805,0.0004848908,0.0007840557,0.0001714089],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9941226,0.00007789575,0.00001249721,0.00042275,0.0002565557,0.0003132487,0.000009118306,0.0000100019,0.004775355],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996719,0.000005012233,0.0000662009,0.00002849185,0.00004252624,0.00000453607,0.00001227005,0.000009779808,0.0001592601],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8170766,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3219379,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2784133183","doi":"10.1186/s40663-017-0118-7","title":"Tropical forest canopies and their relationships with climate and disturbance: results from a global dataset of consistent field-based measurements","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Forest Ecosystems","topic":"Forest ecology and management","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":50,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"British Institute in Eastern Africa; British Ecological Society; Ulkoministeriö; European Commission; Leverhulme Trust; Ecological Society of America","keywords":"Disturbance (geology); Field (mathematics); Environmental science; Ecosystem; Environmental resource management; Climate change; Geography; Climatology; Physical geography; Ecology; Geology; Mathematics; Geomorphology; Biology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02331281309498081,"gpt":0.2191292083378268,"spread":0.1958163952428459,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002584631,0.0001480666,0.0002043868,0.00001758817,0.000213563,0.00002678147,0.0001297611,0.00007753352,0.00004362175],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000089194,0.0001036885,0.00001829994,0.00008725681,0.000369028,0.0001128057,0.0001488425,0.00007147479,0.00002815919],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006997075,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001272661,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002446568,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.2405401,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988604,0.00008995914,0.0003163773,0.0003449213,0.000162888,0.000225478],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992607,0.0001371266,0.0001741341,0.0003219761,0.00001474148,0.00009134189],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000355984,0.00004590462,0.9930458,0.00002985367,0.00003708537,0.000003626138,0.00008726219,0.0001441869,0.00001028597,0.001188945,0.004999555,0.00005148593],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001402188,0.000436913,0.9866979,0.00007995502,0.00003727238,0.000004822213,0.000111577,0.003740602,0.00007419545,0.000938396,0.006343602,0.0001326501],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.994565,0.00006173627,0.0009659155,0.0002394491,0.0001311658,0.0003917893,0.002258768,0.00001922108,0.001367007],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989226,0.000007128403,0.0004609282,0.00008872743,0.00003270578,0.00003018643,0.000437539,0.000006253187,0.00001386019],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2380935,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7733181,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2885349604","doi":"10.1186/s40663-018-0146-y","title":"Mapping tree canopies in urban environments using airborne laser scanning (ALS): a Vancouver case study","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Forest Ecosystems","topic":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":48,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Urban forest; Evapotranspiration; Vegetation (pathology); Tree (set theory); Environmental science; Crown (dentistry); Deciduous; Geography; Segmentation; Lidar; Remote sensing; Forestry; Ecology; Computer science; Mathematics; Artificial intelligence","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01739575965575323,"gpt":0.2395502776595095,"spread":0.2221545180037562,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000354996,0.0001960798,0.0002326899,0.0001038611,0.000318712,0.00004450958,0.0001687303,0.00006792237,0.0001325626],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001526062,0.0001892366,0.00004338573,0.0003810209,0.0001209544,0.0001879882,0.0001470394,0.0001203156,0.0003348607],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004535191,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001405775,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.03704102,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.3171029,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998386,0.0001021321,0.0003852817,0.0004625287,0.000270857,0.0003932248],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992355,0.00003234707,0.0001396218,0.0004725855,0.000005116508,0.0001148563],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000115814,0.0003069591,0.9733196,0.00001292563,0.00003186563,0.0006385408,0.01057418,0.007107971,0.002870535,0.000003166838,0.003539256,0.001583449],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00350087,0.0005971268,0.4771417,0.0003646864,0.00008924709,0.001416668,0.04540218,0.3586131,0.002323759,0.0001335969,0.1087586,0.001658444],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9945547,0.00001429524,0.0008562388,0.00001081401,0.0003386262,0.0006352044,0.000005939911,0.00003385397,0.003550344],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984164,6.507141e-7,0.0004371433,0.00002691753,0.0002106857,0.00001525931,0.0000031272,0.00003195485,0.0008578163],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4961779,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9693714,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4224236204","doi":"10.1016/j.fecs.2022.100039","title":"Functional diversity dominates positive species mixture effects on ecosystem multifunctionality in subtropical plantations","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Forest Ecosystems","topic":"Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":43,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"International Centre for Bamboo and Rattan; National Key Research and Development Program of China; Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China; Chinese Academy of Sciences; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Ecosystem; Ecology; Biodiversity; Species diversity; Ecosystem services; Subtropics; Forest ecology; Biology; Species richness; Agroforestry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008498307279316553,"gpt":0.1938415025853164,"spread":0.1853431953059998,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00028589,0.0001376032,0.0001905045,0.00007501579,0.00120557,0.00001325218,0.0001439848,0.00005651821,0.001644585],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005179979,0.0001336142,0.00007242805,0.0001915472,0.00005249043,0.0001098779,0.0004456871,0.0002538253,0.0004019872],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007264953,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001049568,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003588529,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02816173,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986078,0.0002976854,0.0002108125,0.0003302504,0.0003334195,0.0002199983],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991326,0.0005824278,0.0001025148,0.0001201475,0.00001218852,0.00005009376],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001290915,0.0001556544,0.9563448,0.00002479,0.0000327409,0.00003462896,0.0004961266,0.03460411,0.00006452657,0.005068401,0.003019829,0.00002532589],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007096353,0.0001675608,0.989081,0.00001340417,0.00001305468,0.00002004175,0.0003450848,0.007321812,0.00003621759,0.0007765852,0.001375482,0.0001401169],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9930062,0.00001835029,0.000245266,0.0003723538,0.001075688,0.0004305413,0.0002412193,0.00003665884,0.004573747],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9979684,0.000002467627,0.0000265385,0.0001400933,0.00007237635,0.0001834067,0.0001930881,0.000007167702,0.001406471],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03273623,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9992681,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4283016509","doi":"10.1016/j.fecs.2022.100054","title":"Biochar amendments increase soil organic carbon storage and decrease global warming potentials of soil CH4 and N2O under N addition in a subtropical Moso bamboo plantation","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Forest Ecosystems","topic":"Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":40,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Biochar; Amendment; Greenhouse gas; Environmental science; Soil water; Bamboo; Soil carbon; Nitrous oxide; Carbon sequestration; Carbon dioxide; Methane; Agronomy; Environmental chemistry; Chemistry; Soil science; Pyrolysis; Ecology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.009439919021843775,"gpt":0.1999398739163035,"spread":0.1904999548944598,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002238673,0.0001336392,0.0002217358,0.00002830236,0.000127001,0.00003313903,0.00008755977,0.00006751731,0.00009096192],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003387046,0.00007607461,0.00003783006,0.0002437846,0.00003301788,0.0000682443,0.0001132141,0.00008630123,8.955594e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001317339,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002369149,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0108289,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.04277881,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988014,0.0001889843,0.0002852713,0.0002697639,0.0002478139,0.0002067285],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995635,0.00006759264,0.0001502133,0.00004893741,0.00002571836,0.0001440727],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007619727,0.0006046155,0.7568354,0.000208492,0.000107428,0.0001501993,0.0003463979,0.001314339,0.2354949,0.001457654,0.0001137347,0.002604872],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002590407,0.001132547,0.8342705,0.0001586533,0.0001206462,0.0003797017,0.003981058,0.1506516,0.002800479,0.003076828,0.0001180043,0.0007194794],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9987152,0.0002729554,0.000002860163,0.00006537304,0.0001246219,0.0002368828,0.0004965905,0.00002674144,0.0000588362],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990949,0.00004259465,0.000005605636,0.00004842734,0.00007220319,0.00003927723,0.0006852119,0.000002078116,0.000009696554],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2326944,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9957581,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2138807937","doi":"10.1186/2197-5620-1-9","title":"Developing a dynamic growth model for teak plantations in India","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Forest Ecosystems","topic":"Forest ecology and management","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":38,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Northern British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Tectona; Basal area; Mathematics; Autoregressive model; Process (computing); Variable (mathematics); Econometrics; Computer science; Forestry; Geography","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008750127202549796,"gpt":0.2229211714010924,"spread":0.2141710441985425,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003643467,0.0001044297,0.0001362651,0.00007540338,0.0001183308,0.00001726085,0.0001963198,0.00007138988,0.00004265236],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005092588,0.0001008203,0.00003289366,0.0001284545,0.00003365944,0.0001433959,0.00008638373,0.00006002471,0.0003180084],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002408031,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001339342,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002192258,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0384083,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991208,0.00002964079,0.0002290825,0.0002400102,0.00009064429,0.0002898766],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996696,0.00007224914,0.00007247787,0.0001376269,0.000004788092,0.00004330382],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003034321,0.00007953865,0.3276443,0.0001635861,0.00002008203,0.000004139595,0.0007267608,0.1104682,0.00004187353,0.5559952,0.004538428,0.0002876095],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004009928,0.00003319661,0.1835526,0.00002212322,0.000005586707,0.000002664488,0.00003027141,0.763129,0.000006179296,0.05091259,0.001774363,0.0001304906],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.5720113,0.000005754466,0.4168139,0.0002204697,0.0002856939,0.0008907255,0.00002031051,0.00005903491,0.009692874],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9946571,0.000003946106,0.004027256,0.0001725178,0.00001576417,0.0003810322,0.00005093912,0.00001384783,0.0006775984],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6526607,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9791383,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3029446414","doi":"10.1186/s40663-020-00238-z","title":"Tree diversity effects on forest productivity increase through time because of spatial partitioning","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Forest Ecosystems","topic":"Forest Management and Policy","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":36,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"The Scarborough Hospital; University of Toronto","funders":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","keywords":"Afforestation; Monoculture; Carbon sequestration; Biomass (ecology); Canopy; Species diversity; Ecosystem; Ecology; Biodiversity; Productivity; Biology; Agroforestry; Environmental science; Carbon dioxide","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01292767405597245,"gpt":0.2023886306290253,"spread":0.1894609565730529,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001876208,0.0001809422,0.0002563104,0.00002740825,0.0002236471,0.00002492448,0.0002906622,0.00005765321,0.000980134],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001553934,0.0001673076,0.00009322214,0.0002222193,0.00008772143,0.0003483817,0.0005762455,0.0001013487,0.004059563],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007059382,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007025144,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0128473,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01014518,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986499,0.000111393,0.0002143458,0.0003715966,0.0003669836,0.0002857989],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992967,0.00008861085,0.0001691043,0.0002995848,0.000007731262,0.0001383241],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001473732,0.0001353503,0.9559829,0.000218042,0.00003976565,0.00002412358,0.0008908653,0.003592108,0.0003614961,0.0008078294,0.03706176,0.0007383664],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002213734,0.001860389,0.8968813,0.0002324479,0.0001616992,0.000004587454,0.0000257534,0.05646934,0.004256004,0.001461981,0.03566363,0.0007691736],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9735487,0.00000700652,0.0001342169,0.0004999403,0.0001474318,0.0006331058,0.0000300064,0.00008117459,0.02491839],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986853,0.000001886066,0.00006050225,0.0001644323,0.0003619366,0.00002345357,0.00004439186,0.00001719087,0.0006408985],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.05910166,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999331,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3031089933","doi":"10.1186/s40663-020-00241-4","title":"Wild bee distribution near forested landscapes is dependent on successional state","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Forest Ecosystems","topic":"Plant and animal studies","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":35,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"National Institute of Food and Agriculture; Foundation for Food and Agriculture Research; U.S. Department of Agriculture","keywords":"Ecology; Ecological succession; Species richness; Habitat; Geography; Forest restoration; Abundance (ecology); Forest ecology; Ecosystem; Biology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02834813923182318,"gpt":0.2023361697559643,"spread":0.1739880305241411,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007715481,0.0001434156,0.0001880009,0.000003008124,0.0003243465,0.0001051004,0.0001743768,0.00005516682,0.0001591326],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002708145,0.0000515832,0.00007729891,0.0001415593,0.00001484867,0.00008295701,0.00006546782,0.00009196367,0.0003191921],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001878289,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000005072254,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003107377,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01187946,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989915,0.00003218443,0.0001953874,0.0002641898,0.0002604094,0.0002563498],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996441,0.00008629158,0.00008652366,0.00001479803,0.00003523067,0.0001330588],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003555401,0.0001160318,0.9202562,0.00005031116,0.00006476012,0.00004344598,0.0002295525,0.0001226004,0.01451313,0.0005461505,0.05988261,0.003819687],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003013891,0.000723133,0.8084035,0.00009175827,0.00001174136,0.000007307535,0.0001154887,0.005545331,0.001152355,0.0001890187,0.1831707,0.000288255],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9951511,0.0001179,0.000004490827,0.002456814,0.00006889019,0.0001727837,0.001628431,0.00008705125,0.0003125521],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987516,0.00003304278,0.000002054789,0.0003126343,0.0003685579,0.00001590308,0.0004039069,0.000001034224,0.0001112368],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1232881,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6629016,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3031793935","doi":"10.1186/s40663-020-00232-5","title":"Evaluating soil nutrients of Dacrydium pectinatum in China using machine learning techniques","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Forest Ecosystems","topic":"Soil Geostatistics and Mapping","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":34,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; China Scholarship Council; Université du Québec à Montréal","keywords":"Artificial neural network; Support vector machine; Mean squared error; Computer science; Soil nutrients; Regression analysis; Machine learning; Artificial intelligence; Mathematics; Nutrient; Statistics; Ecology; Biology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02829334995043204,"gpt":0.2819062943836766,"spread":0.2536129444332446,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005013096,0.000128459,0.000230181,0.0000472982,0.00009146006,0.00002156962,0.0001734617,0.00005397242,0.0001394833],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002854336,0.0001278218,0.00003998962,0.0003370021,0.00003345065,0.0001062615,0.0002089282,0.0002031854,0.00002783546],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001166767,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001373975,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.007105745,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001662686,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986936,0.00009567382,0.0003789504,0.0002754125,0.0003054574,0.0002509372],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995142,0.00004249104,0.0002323812,0.0001214286,0.00001097972,0.00007857483],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002081139,0.00004468245,0.9444048,0.0001449697,0.000007090604,0.00001250617,0.001246742,0.02623564,0.02626458,0.0001277696,0.00006394425,0.001426507],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003645717,0.0002128357,0.04394259,0.0001599681,0.00001024009,0.000008199721,0.0001584362,0.9480983,0.005304277,0.0003312757,0.00122132,0.0001879597],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9947256,0.00005670359,0.002632859,0.00004758554,0.0001138517,0.0002926065,0.00001228953,0.00005393926,0.002064571],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9961631,0.000006222608,0.003667209,0.00002064853,0.00005752967,0.00001350242,0.00001431505,0.00002078183,0.0000366432],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9218627,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999506,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2499334988","doi":"10.1186/s40663-016-0077-4","title":"Model-based estimation of above-ground biomass in the miombo ecoregion of Zambia","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Forest Ecosystems","topic":"Forest ecology and management","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":32,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"University of British Columbia; United States Agency for International Development","keywords":"Ecoregion; Environmental science; Land cover; Statistics; Canopy; Generalized additive model; Mathematics; Land use; Geography; Ecology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0126703725427368,"gpt":0.2201540297817132,"spread":0.2074836572389764,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005695224,0.00009289751,0.0001569182,0.00006795962,0.00003646444,0.000005542917,0.000289808,0.00006915345,0.0001234445],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003198655,0.00005475446,0.0000525183,0.0001856171,0.0001414414,0.0001464273,0.00005097732,0.00003093804,0.0001061877],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009524122,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001065416,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001106517,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01649381,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990485,0.00007641257,0.0003315296,0.0001714788,0.0001988213,0.0001732951],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999338,0.0000990625,0.0002091635,0.0003237775,0.000006799908,0.00002324529],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001596685,0.0007198268,0.6309285,0.000386504,0.00003757183,0.00001336476,0.0007685726,0.2820584,0.006301429,0.06544612,0.01053478,0.002645286],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009698958,0.0002245158,0.4395064,0.0001188361,0.00001911932,0.000002632176,0.00004125392,0.5383235,0.0009933491,0.01875772,0.0009019193,0.000140865],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9658512,0.00001117483,0.03092428,0.0002691707,0.0001139368,0.0004160092,0.00001198566,0.00001098222,0.002391215],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994621,0.000002572347,0.0002766406,0.00003416116,0.000008492305,0.00005376681,0.000007614709,0.000007348076,0.0001473625],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2562651,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9203932,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2886037894","doi":"10.1186/s40663-018-0148-9","title":"Have some landscapes in the eastern Canadian boreal forest moved beyond their natural range of variability?","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Forest Ecosystems","topic":"Fire effects on ecosystems","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":31,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Montréal; Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue; Natural Resources Canada; Canadian Forest Service; Ministère des Forêts, de la Faune et des Parcs","funders":"Ministère des Forêts, de la Faune et des Parcs","keywords":"Geography; Fire regime; Context (archaeology); Natural (archaeology); Disturbance (geology); Taiga; Vegetation (pathology); Fire ecology; Range (aeronautics); Ecology; Ecosystem; Boreal; Landscape ecology; Forest ecology; Physical geography; Forestry; Habitat; Biology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.005107724848262176,"gpt":0.1912325415366415,"spread":0.1861248166883793,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002207964,0.0002975363,0.0004239216,0.0001298427,0.0001502072,0.00007308546,0.0008918036,0.0001687401,0.0001080184],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001561567,0.0001966249,0.0001206956,0.0003156616,0.0001799051,0.0003945444,0.0001144202,0.0002371689,0.0004118994],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003703034,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005875062,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.5868822,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9899021,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9973159,0.0005304118,0.0005579494,0.0004663167,0.0004309362,0.0006984974],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983786,0.0003930862,0.0002130459,0.0007951896,0.00002725037,0.0001928133],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002725367,0.0000504028,0.9955186,0.00006355382,0.00001711695,0.00001411525,0.001838802,0.00004868,0.00006727358,0.000419919,0.001450447,0.0004838392],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006517897,0.0001887022,0.8322387,0.00008660552,0.00001167664,0.00003605108,0.0003632335,0.1583495,0.00006917811,0.001002562,0.0067282,0.000273834],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9748397,0.00008196825,0.00001809857,0.0002317642,0.0008981439,0.001165951,0.0001165637,0.00003069919,0.0226171],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990458,0.000002053129,0.00001920124,0.0001653956,0.0004245078,0.0001176517,0.00004498408,0.00003462233,0.0001458016],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4030199,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8018129,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3176785682","doi":"10.1186/s40663-021-00343-7","title":"A 40-year evaluation of drivers of African rainforest change","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Forest Ecosystems","topic":"Species Distribution and Climate Change","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"","keywords":"Frugivore; Abundance (ecology); Ecology; Species richness; Climate change; Transect; Rainforest; Biodiversity; Forest dynamics; Seed dispersal; Geography; Herbivore; Ecosystem; Forest ecology; Biological dispersal; Biology; Habitat; Demography","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05751580556919349,"gpt":0.2637923583143044,"spread":0.2062765527451109,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004377972,0.00007859836,0.0001644218,0.00002754744,0.00003507375,0.000008570189,0.000123822,0.00005122711,0.03350667],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008771302,0.00007600503,0.00007584691,0.0003160725,0.00007671096,0.0001099474,0.00008955153,0.00003477839,0.0003774826],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003175369,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002198592,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006745703,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.009104296,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988022,0.00006892134,0.0002445691,0.0001526835,0.0005747433,0.0001568788],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994166,0.00002192463,0.0001787051,0.0002418731,0.00008012519,0.0000607232],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004320229,0.0002861148,0.9652731,0.0001829912,0.00005335392,0.000007101076,0.003170806,0.0003945301,0.008008192,0.008171903,0.01270178,0.001706891],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001274715,0.000112628,0.9377514,0.00007289605,0.00007227397,0.00001002348,0.009794069,0.006847357,0.005420301,0.0002100927,0.03822839,0.0002058143],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9282019,0.00006081605,0.00001234471,0.0000810027,0.0001991239,0.0002659291,0.0001753083,0.00001287678,0.07099076],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995916,0.00001988775,0.00001246813,0.00001617851,0.0000300553,0.00004574148,0.000137683,0.000006805504,0.0001396051],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.07138974,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9673768,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3164740074","doi":"10.1186/s40663-021-00285-0","title":"Management scheme influence and nitrogen addition effects on soil CO2, CH4, and N2O fluxes in a Moso bamboo plantation","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Forest Ecosystems","topic":"Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Bamboo; Nitrogen; Soil pH; Greenhouse gas; Animal science; Environmental science; Soil water; Phyllostachys edulis; Chemistry; Soil carbon; Agronomy; Environmental chemistry; Ecology; Soil science; Biology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.005288977009501126,"gpt":0.1866858494554941,"spread":0.181396872445993,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001144517,0.0001173286,0.0001461519,0.00002154687,0.00008097563,0.00007548839,0.00005304145,0.00007336588,0.00001126349],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001974754,0.00005903095,0.00002611271,0.0001729826,0.00001699634,0.00009265342,0.00004488285,0.00006814392,0.00001102548],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002935758,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000003725095,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002273523,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01026572,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992083,0.00007017823,0.0001418509,0.0002628,0.0001435981,0.0001732504],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996732,0.0001316306,0.00005482981,0.00004395557,0.00002849377,0.00006789713],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001723205,0.0001946596,0.9068252,0.000675147,0.00009625359,0.000471584,0.0002579108,0.0002077836,0.06304648,0.005824555,0.0006810139,0.02154712],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008716472,0.0003563238,0.9726846,0.0004563931,0.00002603326,0.00007416952,0.0005113308,0.01348493,0.007149305,0.002127502,0.001895321,0.0003624402],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9987297,0.0002555127,6.27466e-7,0.0001288701,0.00006724508,0.0002336253,0.00005089969,0.00003428638,0.0004992064],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991479,0.0001197667,0.00002529251,0.0001332627,0.00007625226,0.0000661579,0.0003766602,0.000001409734,0.00005330829],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.06585944,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5728514,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2995503957","doi":"10.1186/s40663-019-0208-9","title":"Re-estimating the changes and ranges of forest biomass carbon in China during the past 40 years","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Forest Ecosystems","topic":"Forest ecology and management","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa; Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China; State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science","keywords":"Biomass (ecology); Environmental science; Estimation; Ecosystem; Forest ecology; Stock (firearms); Allometry; Climate change; Forestry; Environmental resource management; Ecology; Physical geography; Geography; Biology; Economics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.004722320895605596,"gpt":0.1887946678742778,"spread":0.1840723469786723,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004414294,0.000113789,0.0001658153,0.00004524542,0.00008699569,0.00002063624,0.0002800383,0.00005696475,0.00007987147],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001998734,0.00006983348,0.00002652168,0.000170799,0.0001308871,0.00006471713,0.0002847782,0.0001007456,0.00004842146],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005915446,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000002763608,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003458021,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.1108057,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990996,0.00007729381,0.0001943611,0.0002164005,0.0001587659,0.0002536531],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994279,0.00007566886,0.0001424432,0.0003244166,0.000002579246,0.00002696993],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001670476,0.00001609116,0.9940817,0.0001142543,0.00001196658,0.000005611954,0.0008984681,0.004117591,0.0001817663,0.0003423443,0.0001000952,0.0001134129],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003312012,0.00006370089,0.9805766,0.00005831702,0.000008577564,0.000005244698,0.0003610785,0.01736334,0.00004964124,0.0004547591,0.0006403947,0.00008717355],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9951274,0.0001017972,0.000005949325,0.000558545,0.0003431177,0.0006820266,0.000003324645,0.00001689933,0.00316094],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994202,0.00001291615,0.00002696229,0.00002177204,0.00005802734,0.00007048713,0.000002259483,0.00001280249,0.0003745333],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1073477,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9054198,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3006506998","doi":"10.1186/s40663-020-0220-0","title":"Improved genetic distance-based spatial deployment can effectively minimize inbreeding in seed orchard","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Forest Ecosystems","topic":"Plant and animal studies","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Inbreeding; Seed orchard; Biology; Genetic diversity; Population; Genetic gain; Software deployment; Orchard; Biotechnology; Agronomy; Genetic variation; Computer science; Demography; Botany; Genetics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02960290455712444,"gpt":0.1884297994951973,"spread":0.1588268949380728,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009218591,0.0001700859,0.0002858571,0.000009518606,0.0001168206,0.00004886377,0.0001718792,0.00006047948,0.00002447464],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004939756,0.00007051381,0.00007640068,0.0002062597,0.00002029006,0.00003173662,0.00005437177,0.00009202147,0.00001748007],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005956763,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000903007,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003619985,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.1525107,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989182,0.00005862823,0.0002468821,0.0003119934,0.0001489037,0.0003153691],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996085,0.0001349946,0.00009192415,0.00001719084,0.00002561283,0.0001218054],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002019488,0.00004106235,0.8368565,0.00005550203,0.00001718689,0.0000227768,0.0001290552,0.00006215188,0.1604059,0.0000165192,0.0001701264,0.002021258],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005703951,0.0005325086,0.96753,0.00008344782,0.000009393446,0.000001535654,0.0001450855,0.02538326,0.001619021,0.00001382527,0.003878601,0.0002329793],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9979339,0.0001541394,0.00005695014,0.0008608962,0.0001030282,0.0005463309,0.0001605042,0.00007379728,0.0001104655],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991629,0.000009634174,0.00002281072,0.0001721731,0.0004565703,0.000131328,0.00003047036,0.000001854046,0.00001232102],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1587869,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8629537,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2008413173","doi":"10.1007/s11632-013-0413-5","title":"Germination characteristics and diversity of soil seed banks and above-ground vegetation in disturbed and undisturbed oak forests","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Forest Ecosystems","topic":"Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université Laval; Ministère des Ressources naturelles et des Forêts","funders":"","keywords":"Soil seed bank; Vegetation (pathology); Species evenness; Environmental science; Species richness; Germination; Species diversity; Plant community; Ecosystem; Forestry; Ecology; Agronomy; Agroforestry; Geography; Biology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.005731926098952277,"gpt":0.1958472781937282,"spread":0.1901153520947759,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001822936,0.0001003289,0.0001835222,0.00004817443,0.0001658622,0.00002486206,0.00004804568,0.00007883315,0.0000148401],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000451133,0.00009451008,0.000011981,0.00007488007,0.000172101,0.0002863547,0.0002011347,0.00006301537,0.00001433668],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005540852,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000002651423,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001801113,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.05535778,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993164,0.00004619316,0.0002156668,0.0001956688,0.00009573461,0.000130322],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996074,0.0001063184,0.000150705,0.00007226787,0.00001700802,0.00004630339],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007963562,0.00002506839,0.997541,0.0001038614,0.000009692096,0.000001389259,0.001107956,0.00004846951,0.0001669888,0.0006080753,0.00001204321,0.0003674532],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004054893,0.00005313062,0.9597714,0.00002741889,0.0000131439,0.000004628236,0.00009504416,0.03719626,0.000006100579,0.002322297,0.00001251161,0.00009255695],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.998919,0.00008264126,0.0001131186,0.00006254307,0.00008799948,0.0003391039,0.00001175759,0.000008794624,0.0003750584],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997191,0.00004739937,0.00004222821,0.00001649704,0.00001103524,0.00002529929,0.00002536972,0.000004935142,0.0001080781],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.05355667,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9618795,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2156296118","doi":"10.1186/s40663-015-0027-6","title":"Forecasting the development of boreal paludified forests in response to climate change: a case study using Ontario ecosite classification","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Forest Ecosystems","topic":"Peatlands and Wetlands Ecology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Centre Technologique des Résidus Industriels; Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue","funders":"","keywords":"Peat; Climate change; Environmental science; Taiga; Boreal; Context (archaeology); Physical geography; Fire regime; Climatology; Ecosystem; Geography; Geology; Ecology; Forestry; Oceanography","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.124861731716709,"gpt":0.2978649167875053,"spread":0.1730031850707963,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002465141,0.0001564332,0.0002490602,0.0001057628,0.0001697171,0.00003016693,0.0002124918,0.00006679232,0.00001868107],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006703062,0.000113731,0.00003000662,0.0002971075,0.00002639511,0.0001342548,0.0002498702,0.0001056716,0.00002883519],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009130998,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008793066,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.06387097,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.976853,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982374,0.0002387858,0.0005672999,0.0003094505,0.0002525102,0.0003945339],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992084,0.0001016088,0.0002183617,0.000302972,0.00002197467,0.0001466818],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003195115,0.0001293641,0.9679321,0.000007960478,0.000007789395,0.0002070878,0.02948615,0.001225771,0.00006358535,0.000003379947,0.00005735415,0.0005599351],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009260702,0.0003132657,0.9404195,0.0000419705,0.00001222388,0.000325116,0.004762681,0.05242788,0.0000113909,0.00001802678,0.0005931151,0.0001487443],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.997866,0.000005077681,0.0001023523,0.00005012708,0.0001797826,0.001317923,0.000007650856,0.00001361911,0.000457501],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990671,1.746945e-7,0.0005627992,0.00001686019,0.00003523616,0.0002608269,0.00001069332,0.00001488779,0.00003145112],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.912982,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9423628,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3165814537","doi":"10.1186/s40663-021-00305-z","title":"Influence of individual tree characteristics, spatial structure and logging history on tree-related microhabitat occurrence in North American hardwood forests","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Forest Ecosystems","topic":"Forest Ecology and Biodiversity Studies","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Ministère des Ressources naturelles et des Forêts; Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue; Université du Québec à Montréal; Université du Québec à Chicoutimi","funders":"Ministère des Forêts, de la Faune et des Parcs","keywords":"Beech; Logging; Hardwood; Yellow birch; Bark (sound); Biodiversity; Woodpecker; Forestry; Geography; Diameter at breast height; Spatial ecology; Ecology; Forest management; Tree (set theory); Tree health; Agroforestry; Biology; Habitat; Mathematics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01042211517311442,"gpt":0.1822995499152716,"spread":0.1718774347421572,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001098272,0.0001907185,0.000409172,0.00004158337,0.0001193113,0.00001823681,0.0002263251,0.00009848866,0.00003270068],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001220434,0.00009795386,0.00005914727,0.0002513813,0.0002782113,0.00009336408,0.0001528434,0.0002099288,0.00001140688],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007929982,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002777324,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001201657,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.3973339,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987015,0.0001062046,0.0003444175,0.0003726313,0.0001788055,0.0002964343],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993024,0.0001849164,0.0002850327,0.00007480132,0.00007888142,0.0000738932],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004646963,0.0000670207,0.9944459,0.00003774311,0.00003528995,0.00004655372,0.0003562259,0.00003932439,0.0007924793,0.00003175107,0.0003376887,0.003763519],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002530621,0.0003981981,0.9976232,0.00005317428,0.00002130258,0.00001400114,0.0001866904,0.00006191807,0.0001798866,0.00002167957,0.001003638,0.000183255],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9982076,0.0001817687,1.079682e-7,0.000131638,0.0002240036,0.0001759425,0.001018652,0.00002353227,0.00003672627],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993733,0.00004541642,0.00000714255,0.00007507725,0.00005072671,0.000005552051,0.0004223429,9.533681e-7,0.00001954893],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3961322,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6136633,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3093900786","doi":"10.1186/s40663-020-00268-7","title":"Improving precision of field inventory estimation of aboveground biomass through an alternative view on plot biomass","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Forest Ecosystems","topic":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Natural Resources Canada; Canadian Forest Service","funders":"","keywords":"Sampling (signal processing); Plot (graphics); Biomass (ecology); Forest inventory; Statistics; Mathematics; Tree (set theory); Environmental science; Hectare; Sample size determination; Soil science; Ecology; Forest management; Computer science; Agroforestry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02707348099747671,"gpt":0.2659830275812873,"spread":0.2389095465838106,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001640726,0.0001141233,0.0001999448,0.00002698519,0.0000593018,0.00001698644,0.0002100729,0.00006588148,0.00005256277],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007294851,0.00009961097,0.00005841022,0.0002269505,0.00005230277,0.000257434,0.00006241211,0.00006281038,0.00008853756],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006655353,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001069736,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005215275,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005672571,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988714,0.00007018969,0.0003719545,0.0002754025,0.0002863808,0.0001246109],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992145,0.00008213126,0.0003193801,0.000294018,0.00001588586,0.00007404772],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004307311,0.001202813,0.03726326,0.001971746,0.0001845337,0.00001354835,0.01723876,0.05136295,0.7075813,0.009759931,0.004726108,0.1682644],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004581395,0.0009704308,0.005116527,0.0002321311,0.00002787158,0.000004316085,0.0001956008,0.8305569,0.1564547,0.001388899,0.004357307,0.0002372435],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9653966,0.00003652567,0.03079547,0.0001959386,0.000132663,0.0003838862,0.00001905229,0.00003525586,0.003004646],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9983047,0.000006001335,0.001524099,0.00005160676,0.00005634539,0.000004976436,0.00002164242,0.00001482507,0.0000158058],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7791939,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7883971,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2943778311","doi":"10.1186/s40663-019-0172-4","title":"Application of big BAF sampling for estimating carbon on small woodlots","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Forest Ecosystems","topic":"Forest ecology and management","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Natural Resources Canada; New Brunswick Innovation Foundation","keywords":"Sampling (signal processing); Forest inventory; Statistics; Measure (data warehouse); Environmental science; Volume (thermodynamics); Sample (material); Sample size determination; Systematic sampling; Carbon fibers; Mathematics; Econometrics; Computer science; Forest management; Agroforestry; Chemistry; Algorithm","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01587974894552107,"gpt":0.2258892678282099,"spread":0.2100095188826889,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003493811,0.0001079432,0.0001729351,0.00004262781,0.00005755426,0.000009117522,0.0001920314,0.00007183849,0.00004942515],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003237934,0.0001005609,0.00005163093,0.00009764532,0.00002524118,0.0000349794,0.00007952336,0.00005384059,0.000294497],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001029719,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000005150926,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000659762,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003839487,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991087,0.00001835887,0.0002615124,0.0002751401,0.0001152202,0.0002210528],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993534,0.0001061863,0.0001918842,0.0003008036,0.000007850903,0.00003988273],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009201842,0.0001945502,0.5683036,0.0005573169,0.00004980505,7.716299e-7,0.0002417284,0.3789909,0.002673209,0.0379044,0.000458087,0.01053362],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008919315,0.0005454599,0.08423992,0.0001032375,0.00002869813,0.000002394677,0.00006697313,0.8944835,0.0006348131,0.007383674,0.01134607,0.0002733309],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9326417,0.00000770025,0.05374193,0.00003711278,0.0007376919,0.001359602,0.000007724395,0.00004125137,0.01142526],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9944383,5.855485e-7,0.004807259,0.00003853723,0.00008137034,0.0002249849,0.00002192724,0.00001713131,0.0003699181],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5154926,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4100755,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2099759942","doi":"10.1186/s40663-015-0038-3","title":"Comparison of carbon-stock changes, eddy-covariance carbon fluxes and model estimates in coastal Douglas-fir stands in British Columbia","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Forest Ecosystems","topic":"Forest ecology and management","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria; Natural Resources Canada; Canadian Forest Service; University of British Columbia","funders":"Canadian Forest Service; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; U.S. Forest Service; Canadian Foundation for Climate and Atmospheric Sciences","keywords":"Eddy covariance; Forest inventory; Environmental science; Flux (metallurgy); Atmospheric sciences; Ecosystem; Forest management; Ecology; Agroforestry; Geology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01975279719696571,"gpt":0.2429225493834025,"spread":0.2231697521864368,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005288233,0.0001388083,0.0004454056,0.00005878852,0.00004125112,0.00005766594,0.0002113964,0.0001245299,0.0000268059],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004673021,0.000202076,0.00002032007,0.0002370702,0.0001563658,0.0001174614,0.0002756434,0.0001482359,0.000004901444],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002172274,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002746109,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.211239,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9790493,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984996,0.00005724618,0.0004217547,0.0003773432,0.0002577489,0.0003863292],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994428,0.00004140355,0.0001633193,0.0002283323,0.00001212088,0.0001119997],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002324476,0.0001479609,0.9211495,0.00006660395,0.000008088552,0.00002669998,0.0004302827,0.07551502,0.00003660978,0.00009656222,0.002370542,0.0001289006],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001144689,0.0002290226,0.312119,0.0001327824,0.000009589246,0.00001021021,0.0002639394,0.6836119,0.00002617961,0.001589673,0.0006626252,0.0002003616],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.995931,0.0003098027,0.0001448863,0.00005887778,0.0003177683,0.0006216963,0.00003579546,0.00002856263,0.002551652],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989808,0.00002208246,0.0004654525,0.00002773548,0.00002069416,0.000126659,0.00002377388,0.00001896414,0.0003138889],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7678103,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.824042,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3120971173","doi":"10.1186/s40663-021-00307-x","title":"Paludification reduces black spruce growth rate but does not alter tree water use efficiency in Canadian boreal forested peatlands","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Forest Ecosystems","topic":"Peatlands and Wetlands Ecology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Center for Northern Studies; Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"Canadian Forest Service; Fonds de recherche du Québec – Nature et technologies; Natural Resources Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; U.S. Forest Service; Université du Québec à Montréal","keywords":"Peat; Black spruce; Boreal; Environmental science; Taiga; Ecology; Ecosystem; Biology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01151780682304751,"gpt":0.2112377436271623,"spread":0.1997199368041148,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005396369,0.000253846,0.0003291231,0.0001445413,0.0001754995,0.0001555641,0.0003077787,0.0001820479,0.0003684139],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009554463,0.0001667868,0.00008283983,0.0002603235,0.0001061979,0.0003381427,0.0001093156,0.0001652274,0.0003788341],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004207947,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008449735,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.3453192,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9785765,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9975221,0.0002048372,0.0004951584,0.0006291678,0.0002211958,0.0009276021],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990298,0.00008795219,0.0000942662,0.0004017326,0.00003473193,0.0003515361],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003243042,0.00006869239,0.9783947,0.0000228003,0.00001269938,0.000202298,0.0005215514,0.0003750715,0.01872198,0.0001663209,0.001364491,0.0001169696],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008506812,0.00009072007,0.94616,0.00003558877,0.0000180917,0.0000416498,0.0001118973,0.01099304,0.0356158,0.0002380877,0.005472294,0.0003722017],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9917557,0.000009884908,0.00002791355,0.0009595072,0.0004375854,0.0003402891,0.00009637127,0.00003647148,0.006336232],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9960387,0.00003116678,0.00002747615,0.0001595399,0.0001515435,0.00006907409,0.0008325084,0.00002745039,0.002662532],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6332573,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6801367,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2154965974","doi":"10.1186/s40663-015-0039-2","title":"Holocene variations of wildfire occurrence as a guide for sustainable management of the northeastern Canadian boreal forest","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Forest Ecosystems","topic":"Fire effects on ecosystems","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Natural Resources Canada; Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue; Université du Québec à Montréal; Canadian Forest Service; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","keywords":"Holocene; Charcoal; Environmental science; Fire regime; Radiocarbon dating; Taiga; Physical geography; Climate change; Boreal; Woodland; Fire history; Ecosystem; Forestry; Ecology; Geography; Geology; Oceanography; Archaeology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008795777690102565,"gpt":0.2199561118308996,"spread":0.211160334140797,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009402161,0.0002036679,0.0003105526,0.00008295599,0.0001556567,0.00003368033,0.0007605826,0.00009468927,0.00002221733],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001293183,0.000160194,0.0001262864,0.0004744382,0.00009777852,0.0002435076,0.0002098861,0.00007357437,0.00009196196],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006333446,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002077399,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.620882,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.7068378,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979234,0.00009683773,0.0005813109,0.0003388479,0.0004785498,0.000581045],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984045,0.00006920342,0.0003888503,0.0007520951,0.00008052435,0.0003048451],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000368356,0.000109538,0.9639149,0.0006001124,0.00008307314,0.00002171773,0.0005665565,0.005429067,0.00000669754,0.007645771,0.02063862,0.0009470758],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002473155,0.0007342061,0.7416158,0.0006283871,0.0001795813,0.00006714912,0.001998565,0.1096735,0.0001978748,0.002711408,0.1390634,0.0006570749],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9541629,0.00006466593,0.0005655423,0.0001793573,0.0005590846,0.002706357,0.0002131145,0.0000276672,0.0415213],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.997534,0.000002231962,0.0001824041,0.00002749964,0.0000457345,0.0002950774,0.00005451839,0.00002406767,0.00183448],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2222992,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6532522,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3031536068","doi":"10.1186/s40663-020-0214-y","title":"The importance of grain and cut-off size in shaping tree beta diversity along an elevational gradient in the northwest of Colombia","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Forest Ecosystems","topic":"Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"Departamento Administrativo de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación (COLCIENCIAS)","keywords":"Beta diversity; Ecology; Sampling (signal processing); Alpha diversity; Gamma diversity; Biodiversity; Ecosystem; Macroecology; Species diversity; Diversity (politics); Species richness; Standard deviation; Diversity index; Biology; Environmental science; Physical geography; Statistics; Geography; Mathematics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01823773373114245,"gpt":0.2206781608161292,"spread":0.2024404270849867,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005459688,0.00006260613,0.0001314731,0.00001244445,0.0001828696,0.000005941734,0.0002070589,0.0000306242,0.00001086949],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008777087,0.00004343552,0.00002175662,0.0001768595,0.0001582044,0.00009940305,0.000157289,0.00007441773,0.000001897155],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003644494,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006632244,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001092699,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.7129392,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992378,0.00009654664,0.000266224,0.0001425317,0.000139581,0.0001172602],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994074,0.0003110248,0.0001568198,0.0000927093,0.000008452877,0.00002361461],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001492465,0.00003337932,0.9928542,0.00001509825,0.000007322499,0.000002910243,0.004005693,0.0009457936,0.00002216501,0.002000805,0.00004780274,0.00004985243],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002534473,0.00008525531,0.9780738,0.000009364743,0.00000481172,0.000001252131,0.001168825,0.01947939,0.000003481354,0.0008120167,0.00006467382,0.00004369539],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9987091,0.00009327601,0.00000841745,0.0006367094,0.00004235817,0.0002489746,0.00002509722,0.000002839719,0.0002332634],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9998149,0.00003161845,0.00002006223,0.00009179731,0.000008063343,0.00001467312,0.00001048318,0.00000241039,0.000006046102],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7118465,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2922989,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4385324452","doi":"10.1016/j.fecs.2023.100130","title":"Developing allometric equations to estimate forest biomass for tree species categories based on phylogenetic relationships","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Forest Ecosystems","topic":"Forest ecology and management","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"Science and Technology Program of Hunan Province; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Allometry; Tree allometry; Biomass (ecology); Phylogenetic tree; Ecology; Biology; Mean squared error; Tree (set theory); Statistics; Mathematics; Biomass partitioning","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05274713341403122,"gpt":0.2746539590707629,"spread":0.2219068256567317,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007591037,0.0002144374,0.0002157335,0.0005428647,0.0006377096,0.00007299749,0.0003415186,0.0001060093,0.000124975],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006816996,0.0002030417,0.00007960356,0.001926135,0.00007048796,0.0001138378,0.0001511563,0.0000819253,0.00339867],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003825703,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003291125,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001512726,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0404475,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982758,0.00007252111,0.0003774032,0.0004488644,0.0002911427,0.0005342395],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986485,0.0007027829,0.0001187965,0.00037694,0.00002242341,0.0001306039],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002918743,0.00005056091,0.5633736,0.00009359613,0.00002665518,0.000008489891,0.0001486122,0.3028442,0.00009039269,0.1196121,0.01351133,0.0002112075],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004007525,0.0002364545,0.7644134,0.00003234456,0.00002456477,8.869849e-7,0.00008457399,0.1876151,0.0001209918,0.01280772,0.03398295,0.0002802936],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6311122,0.00001563427,0.3532287,0.002904796,0.001172292,0.002813701,0.00008301328,0.0004243843,0.00824528],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9926848,0.000001731533,0.003198942,0.0001113364,0.00007225711,0.001072974,0.000238944,0.00003585656,0.002583196],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3615726,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9973773,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4402303435","doi":"10.1016/j.fecs.2024.100246","title":"The control of external and internal canopy structural heterogeneity on diversity and productivity relationship in a subtropical forest","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Forest Ecosystems","topic":"Forest ecology and management","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Productivity; Canopy; Subtropics; Tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests; Diversity (politics); Agroforestry; Geography; Ecology; Plant diversity; Ecosystem; Environmental science; Natural resource economics; Biology; Economics; Political science; Economic growth","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01012526373449011,"gpt":0.216687277398521,"spread":0.2065620136640309,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003559987,0.00009006828,0.0001207632,0.00003397648,0.0002910677,0.00003095094,0.0001192954,0.00004576804,0.00001489958],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005492922,0.0000614468,0.00002644315,0.00006596171,0.0002162637,0.0001310141,0.0003597784,0.0001437782,0.0000101724],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009921473,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004695075,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001888601,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.09343838,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991968,0.00009590802,0.0001628232,0.0002434906,0.0001361107,0.0001648583],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996262,0.0001438897,0.00004715819,0.0001321915,0.000003369596,0.00004714375],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006566582,0.00001076737,0.9779692,0.00003511867,0.00001155183,0.00001435879,0.0001649254,0.000614532,0.00002702099,0.02084696,0.00006081429,0.0001790986],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002809693,0.0001219687,0.9750167,0.00003864957,0.00001092604,0.00001821375,0.00001656008,0.01733443,0.0000205184,0.006845186,0.0002363561,0.00005952115],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9982406,0.0001889497,0.0005282957,0.0001789107,0.0003313369,0.0003401055,0.000009714765,0.00001303484,0.0001689826],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997972,0.000008148394,0.00001144036,0.00001194134,0.0000364264,0.00001652145,9.643722e-7,0.000004502725,0.0001128567],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.09154978,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.923104,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4404438179","doi":"10.1016/j.fecs.2024.100275","title":"Sensitivity of gross primary production and evapotranspiration to heat and drought stress in a young temperate plantation in northern China","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Forest Ecosystems","topic":"Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Temperate climate; Evapotranspiration; Environmental science; Primary production; China; Production (economics); Heat stress; Ecosystem; Forestry; Agroforestry; Geography; Atmospheric sciences; Ecology; Geology; Economics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.004088996733716701,"gpt":0.1876776190669771,"spread":0.1835886223332604,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003320712,0.00007269256,0.0001033083,0.00007553751,0.00002613303,0.00003421613,0.00001809781,0.00004115614,0.000001410771],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000006301268,0.00006600074,0.000008639646,0.0001868759,0.00001852279,0.0002659644,0.0000180912,0.00006181281,0.00000420165],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001064576,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000005959527,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006875339,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.5279378,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993479,0.00006085919,0.0001804778,0.0002131858,0.0001037361,0.0000938878],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998788,0.00001341256,0.00001773822,0.00006170303,0.000003033668,0.00002526875],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001532388,0.00001724833,0.8951786,0.0001339929,0.00000230809,0.000009742665,0.001643979,0.08469786,0.01802038,0.00002949106,0.000001266886,0.000249859],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00008692198,0.00002885851,0.7621918,0.0002335822,0.000003991743,0.00004886899,0.00002304131,0.2367755,0.0004708689,0.00005537611,0.000008481654,0.00007262995],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9989301,0.00005035368,0.0002334442,0.00006521782,0.0001237981,0.0003538982,0.00006105246,0.00001375277,0.0001684012],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9998004,0.00002724207,0.00002555429,0.000002483225,0.0000181303,0.0000190649,0.00006626993,0.000006554085,0.0000342384],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5210624,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999738,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4405116361","doi":"10.1016/j.fecs.2024.100286","title":"A compartmentation approach to deconstruct ecosystem carbon fluxes of a Moso bamboo forest in subtropical China","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Forest Ecosystems","topic":"Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China; University of Alberta","keywords":"Bamboo; Ecosystem; China; Subtropics; Forest ecology; Agroforestry; Tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests; Environmental science; Ecology; Environmental resource management; Geography; Biology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.006851006522306069,"gpt":0.2041746589091659,"spread":0.1973236523868598,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002220892,0.0001772274,0.0002980655,0.0001597207,0.00003284475,0.00006221442,0.0002003967,0.00009153355,0.00004031022],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000007660016,0.0001534165,0.00007585983,0.0004318677,0.00003234471,0.0001471825,0.00008723611,0.0001218418,0.0001250371],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003049141,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001957726,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002105956,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02372842,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984775,0.0000760175,0.0005086566,0.0003752527,0.0002781522,0.0002844066],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995422,0.00003773145,0.00007065839,0.0002328933,0.000005076796,0.0001114348],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000164414,0.00007714874,0.8546259,0.000183518,0.00002187394,0.0000150476,0.000572515,0.1396387,0.0004591245,0.004087718,0.0001213531,0.0001805768],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002525685,0.00007805612,0.1642461,0.0001704569,0.00001705566,0.00007514064,0.000071817,0.8332912,0.00007443447,0.0005452838,0.00099005,0.0001878586],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9841626,0.0000655754,0.0009557999,0.00002500506,0.0003175173,0.0006575714,0.00009211855,0.00005744867,0.01366639],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991723,0.000004280022,0.0004153683,0.000005463866,0.0000420769,0.00009114484,0.0001047343,0.0000210407,0.000143591],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6936525,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.994086,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4407023537","doi":"10.1016/j.fecs.2025.100301","title":"Long-term forest damage due to an extreme weather event: An ice storm mediated by elevation causes tree breakage in sub-tropical China","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Forest Ecosystems","topic":"Tree Root and Stability Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Okanagan University College; University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus; University of British Columbia","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Tropical cyclone; Storm; Environmental science; Extreme weather; Elevation (ballistics); Precipitation; Climatology; China; Physical geography; Geography; Climate change; Meteorology; Geology; Oceanography","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01116520725262501,"gpt":0.230719293663967,"spread":0.219554086411342,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002024764,0.0003169646,0.0004562336,0.0002525966,0.000100272,0.00007682807,0.0002880196,0.0001643156,0.00002072153],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008373002,0.0003051684,0.00006867431,0.0004371476,0.00002434522,0.0003898648,0.00005674877,0.0001984303,0.00004328743],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003346273,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002654331,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008758663,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.8350354,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982922,0.00009592884,0.0005232466,0.0003991575,0.0002267861,0.0004626795],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991402,0.00008750649,0.0000478645,0.0005117629,0.00005246383,0.0001601823],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003674234,0.0001626529,0.9935635,0.0002567694,0.00005426043,0.00002915129,0.0008811519,0.001697873,0.001738018,0.000229533,0.0008285032,0.0005218145],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006523138,0.0001309225,0.980547,0.0001570246,0.00002086981,0.000003292663,0.0001172889,0.0170864,0.000222829,0.00007564229,0.0006941475,0.0002922937],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9943037,0.0004374683,0.003125963,0.00009324584,0.0005399992,0.0007007549,0.000150551,0.0003505081,0.0002977921],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991577,0.00001357994,0.00001828193,0.00001132202,0.0001447001,0.0001711844,0.0003095854,0.00005210976,0.0001215058],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8341596,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99994,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2754816427","doi":"10.1186/s40663-017-0106-y","title":"Climate change-associated trends in biomass dynamics are consistent across soil drainage classes in western boreal forests of Canada","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Forest Ecosystems","topic":"Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Evapotranspiration; Environmental science; Biomass (ecology); Taiga; Climate change; Drainage; Soil water; Boreal; Ecosystem; Hydrology (agriculture); Agronomy; Ecology; Soil science; Biology; Geology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01389900188151571,"gpt":0.2344913719513262,"spread":0.2205923700698104,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003918148,0.0001983609,0.0003820274,0.00008573412,0.0001912275,0.00008355139,0.0004267349,0.0001485419,0.00001059106],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003170632,0.0001881958,0.00006135786,0.00018907,0.0001034902,0.0002665315,0.0002743371,0.0001327429,0.000005600748],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001027801,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002782592,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.7179281,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9997706,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982172,0.00006106613,0.0004891485,0.0003079865,0.0003142178,0.000610398],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988493,0.00003544114,0.0005489235,0.0004556903,0.00001204369,0.00009856792],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001434962,0.00006722688,0.9971308,0.00003788091,0.000009251865,0.0001325325,0.0002330466,0.001773435,0.000008953197,0.0001154267,0.00004560549,0.0004314722],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005625777,0.00002580768,0.809709,0.0001707352,0.000005250336,0.000009057288,0.00009935197,0.1890746,0.000007768473,0.00007648591,0.00009148445,0.0001678854],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9931947,0.0000150971,0.000003934662,0.0001857232,0.0002946202,0.0002172704,0.001547598,0.00001547868,0.004525583],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993161,0.00001049271,0.000004021053,0.00001287593,0.00001569497,0.00005399626,0.0002849461,0.00002052807,0.0002813397],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2818424,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7674404,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4408068723","doi":"10.1016/j.fecs.2025.100320","title":"Design strategy of advanced generation breeding population of Pinus tabuliformis based on genetic variation and inbreeding level","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Forest Ecosystems","topic":"Forest ecology and management","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Inbreeding; Pinus tabulaeformis; Inbreeding depression; Population; Genetic variation; Biology; Pinus <genus>; Ecology; Demography; Botany","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02392855264431961,"gpt":0.2289189523909476,"spread":0.204990399746628,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003450554,0.00009559379,0.0001544124,0.0001083983,0.00008332136,0.00001109981,0.00008180624,0.00007338006,0.00006435214],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003943187,0.00009361022,0.00002225522,0.0001880973,0.00002914305,0.0001399448,0.000038068,0.00004038767,0.000005566607],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001096368,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001097296,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007327307,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00159568,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991493,0.00005068484,0.0003342754,0.000196736,0.0001450698,0.0001239928],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995672,0.00005272579,0.0002101689,0.000131444,0.0000143399,0.00002410928],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004857391,0.00004996619,0.1162831,0.0001045966,0.00001438082,6.940454e-7,0.00008813899,0.8644899,0.01152062,0.003953475,0.000227263,0.003219255],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003439573,0.0001802079,0.530161,0.00004527561,0.00001525178,4.201324e-7,0.00001558929,0.4674,0.0008140955,0.000947031,0.00002243226,0.00005481653],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8492787,0.00001794033,0.1490775,0.00002874455,0.0002238955,0.000502804,0.000006683328,0.0000137312,0.0008500487],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9968038,0.000005148002,0.002989467,0.0000229961,0.00002007228,0.00003726942,0.00002212161,0.000006295134,0.00009283264],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4138778,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3817314,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4409923179","doi":"10.1016/j.fecs.2025.100336","title":"Rapid escalation and release of risks to forest ecosystems triggered by warming: Insights from tree growth synchrony in temperate forests","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Forest Ecosystems","topic":"Tree-ring climate responses","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"China Scholarship Council; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Temperate forest; Temperate rainforest; Temperate climate; Forest ecology; Ecosystem; Environmental science; Climate change; Global warming; Tree (set theory); Agroforestry; Forestry; Ecology; Environmental resource management; Geography; Biology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01608915697474768,"gpt":0.2345429804938468,"spread":0.2184538235190991,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004558362,0.0003666549,0.0007507257,0.0006424389,0.0001600721,0.000141661,0.0003598711,0.0002408683,0.00007683955],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003993406,0.0003165609,0.0000967815,0.0007428533,0.00005974777,0.0003794343,0.00004465407,0.0001891654,0.00009618841],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005352398,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001454708,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0479103,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.5670367,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9970728,0.0003823701,0.001026602,0.0006642357,0.0003618655,0.0004921941],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9978735,0.001015532,0.0003060181,0.000442684,0.00009334012,0.0002689214],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004426237,0.0000501124,0.9922398,0.000331477,0.00005932908,0.00001806737,0.0002991795,0.001816324,0.0004736892,0.0001358397,0.001177556,0.002956044],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001520623,0.0002794271,0.9198889,0.0008333102,0.00004344523,0.000006881382,0.0001972381,0.07281204,0.0009936948,0.0006344035,0.002455934,0.0003341345],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9922419,0.004041505,0.0001534525,0.0001188612,0.0006131783,0.001073083,0.0007358016,0.00008606007,0.000936217],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988974,0.0001837034,0.00008277586,0.00002506951,0.00009598954,0.00003075695,0.0005349782,0.00001754754,0.0001317223],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5191264,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999287,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4416426824","doi":"10.1016/j.fecs.2025.100410","title":"Canopy and understory nitrogen additions differentially regulate soil organic carbon fractions via litter–microbe–mineral interactions","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Forest Ecosystems","topic":"Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Understory; Canopy; Soil carbon; Nitrogen; Litter; Total organic carbon; Nitrogen cycle","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.007796194823987066,"gpt":0.1975086279591439,"spread":0.1897124331351568,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008368822,0.0002084091,0.0002403421,0.00006456146,0.0003769015,0.0001143091,0.0001642259,0.0001305264,0.0002990887],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002400414,0.0001095901,0.0001222923,0.0003665652,0.00005992357,0.0001143836,0.00008998838,0.0002146964,0.00001989018],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001674204,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003374846,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004814347,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.2682363,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988244,0.000095809,0.0003100586,0.0003431667,0.0001230876,0.0003034743],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994012,0.0001504541,0.000115109,0.0001206478,0.00008815216,0.0001245074],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001099272,0.0005144827,0.2203258,0.0001198612,0.0005847278,0.00002438549,0.000275369,0.0001189286,0.7611169,0.00369946,0.009777201,0.00333298],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00227158,0.0006941068,0.6710645,0.0007344357,0.0008362063,0.0004920889,0.002576658,0.2190912,0.009020881,0.02234717,0.06845892,0.002412233],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9953796,0.0001824535,0.00004936925,0.0008406308,0.0009725709,0.0002524721,0.0001480342,0.0001535942,0.00202125],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9973867,0.0000290102,0.00001281772,0.0001658005,0.0003174949,0.00006146375,0.0003524712,0.000003649362,0.001670619],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7520961,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7451165,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4412448786","doi":"10.1016/j.fecs.2025.100367","title":"Context-dependent effects of woody layer complexity on arthropod biomass and abundance in deciduous forests","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Forest Ecosystems","topic":"Forest Ecology and Biodiversity Studies","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Bijzonder Onderzoeksfonds UGent; Universiteit Gent","keywords":"Deciduous; Abundance (ecology); Context (archaeology); Biomass (ecology); Arthropod; Agroforestry; Woody plant; Ecology; Ecosystem; Biology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01812976961033561,"gpt":0.2256140800289964,"spread":0.2074843104186608,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001876326,0.0001527652,0.000366373,0.00004174078,0.0001973445,0.00001997617,0.0001802915,0.0001299868,0.00002282597],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006081834,0.00006728722,0.00007264109,0.0002331304,0.0001935093,0.00005817344,0.0001320737,0.00009945879,0.00002620108],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004039773,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007075965,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002222668,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.236394,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989906,0.00008695435,0.0002417681,0.0002979483,0.000126099,0.0002566143],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993284,0.000417584,0.00009593066,0.00007039234,0.00004326388,0.00004441793],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009816846,0.0001837549,0.9904261,0.0001418218,0.00006232192,0.00002124709,0.00006445876,0.000004529935,0.0006892208,0.004548094,0.0007983721,0.002961894],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006011688,0.0005397466,0.991553,0.0001946012,0.00001483717,0.000002855923,0.0001898321,0.00008684561,0.001741391,0.002099854,0.00285255,0.0001233379],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9970602,0.001032212,0.000003352302,0.0004869398,0.0003534587,0.0004949704,0.00006154822,0.00002951311,0.0004777666],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996504,0.0000495448,0.000006116571,0.00009340831,0.00003501629,0.00002262293,0.00001607411,5.816935e-7,0.0001262224],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2341713,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7775398,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4409800125","doi":"10.1016/j.fecs.2025.100337","title":"Quantifying spatiotemporal inconsistencies in runoff responses to forest logging in a subtropical watershed, China","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Forest Ecosystems","topic":"Hydrology and Watershed Management Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Watershed; Logging; Surface runoff; Environmental science; Subtropics; Tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests; China; Agroforestry; Hydrology (agriculture); Geography; Ecology; Forestry; Geology; Computer science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01948990480133294,"gpt":0.2554520963089118,"spread":0.2359621915075789,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006748345,0.0001999587,0.0003407382,0.0003681066,0.0001628839,0.00004219615,0.0002894545,0.00009996045,0.00005824936],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001477123,0.0001751617,0.00005371213,0.0004683476,0.0001098116,0.0002052661,0.0004846612,0.0001718427,0.0002517219],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003222918,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000139165,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.009440468,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.2654763,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982128,0.0001864826,0.0004730078,0.0004484057,0.0001661342,0.000513146],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994978,0.0001071534,0.0000593789,0.00027525,0.00000401238,0.00005636312],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001524929,0.00005493585,0.988654,0.00007212283,0.00001335862,0.00007680064,0.0009748657,0.007908483,0.0001150216,0.0008151238,0.001058249,0.0001044995],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005310726,0.00006806592,0.9848958,0.0001508413,0.000007119652,0.000002718672,0.0003621541,0.006485746,0.00006739792,0.000897334,0.006345395,0.0001863158],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9921039,0.00004749061,0.0003273815,0.002721468,0.0003293028,0.0005827444,0.000003731716,0.00005276651,0.003831241],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985414,0.00000970679,0.0001770705,0.0002535266,0.00002194734,0.0001319179,0.000009014781,0.00001095954,0.000844474],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2560358,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9971557,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4412871361","doi":"10.1016/j.fecs.2025.100370","title":"Drought intensity affects radial growth and recovery of P. schrenkiana at varying elevations in the Western Tianshan Mountains, China","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Forest Ecosystems","topic":"Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Chinese Academy of Sciences; China Meteorological Administration; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"China; Intensity (physics); Environmental science; Ecosystem; Physical geography; Geography; Ecology; Biology; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.004604564713669023,"gpt":0.1894854781920537,"spread":0.1848809134783846,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002596475,0.0000975333,0.0001525614,0.00007612241,0.0001170427,0.00003314593,0.0001665097,0.00006408953,0.000009966227],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002420333,0.00007431535,0.00003452275,0.0002826739,0.00005017966,0.0001649661,0.0001174334,0.0001050953,0.00001096157],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001218598,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009235737,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002560629,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0198436,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992696,0.00006954485,0.0001930887,0.0001798694,0.0001307659,0.000157128],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996439,0.00006962877,0.00007684536,0.0001806053,0.000003702731,0.00002534415],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002096209,0.00002838108,0.9940886,0.00004906527,0.0000122784,0.000006611253,0.0003847725,0.003644368,0.0005192419,0.0008354776,0.0003054314,0.0001047471],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004806239,0.00005740552,0.8915976,0.0001685011,0.00002540954,0.00004284268,0.00003848858,0.1051391,0.0001673168,0.001342125,0.0007865106,0.0001541791],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9938515,0.00006445841,0.0004336772,0.0002675767,0.0001611078,0.0002980822,0.00003621643,0.00001238619,0.004875039],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994288,0.00003443545,0.00003411974,0.00006874069,0.00001658992,0.00001865779,0.00005098713,0.000005369883,0.0003422845],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1024911,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9980417,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4415559660","doi":"10.1016/j.fecs.2025.100398","title":"Impact of heatwave and thinning on tree growth and soil water content in young lodgepole pine forests","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Forest Ecosystems","topic":"Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Government of British Columbia; University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of British Columbia; Ministry of Forests, Lands, Natural Resource Operations and Rural Development; China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","keywords":"Thinning; Pinus contorta; Climate change; Growing season; Ecosystem; Forest management; Forest ecology; Water content","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.007783541866022624,"gpt":0.2079536308317289,"spread":0.2001700889657063,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001482807,0.0001081052,0.000176395,0.00008113362,0.00004262733,0.00002603671,0.0000620475,0.00005684988,0.00001077891],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000008956851,0.00007072918,0.00003398544,0.00007432453,0.00004611655,0.00008303471,0.00008334209,0.0000748045,0.000006038977],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000896294,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000474173,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.008764435,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.04513061,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992969,0.00002729864,0.000221215,0.0001805346,0.00009697749,0.0001770666],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997787,0.00002352006,0.00003828395,0.0001110927,0.000003916325,0.00004448059],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002713047,0.00002887178,0.9923351,0.00002858611,0.00001491928,0.000005403161,0.0002327835,0.003965461,0.002820923,0.0004139379,0.00003787248,0.00008903126],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005485787,0.0001305165,0.9144032,0.0001277255,0.000007767777,0.00001727013,0.00002063294,0.08334778,0.0006147122,0.0006838745,0.0000108499,0.00008711895],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9933927,0.00004383145,0.00007597194,0.00005677294,0.0000688508,0.000187357,0.00001949488,0.00001045687,0.006144586],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996178,0.00001471671,0.00001320091,0.000009888997,0.000006954986,0.00001114817,0.00002068389,0.000006326606,0.000299268],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.07938232,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9978363,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4404630444","doi":"10.1016/j.fecs.2024.100277","title":"Relationships between charcoal property and post fire productivity in the boreal forest","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Forest Ecosystems","topic":"Fire effects on ecosystems","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Natural Resources Canada; Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue; Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"Mitacs","keywords":"Charcoal; Taiga; Productivity; Environmental science; Agroforestry; Ecosystem; Forestry; Geography; Ecology; Biology; Economics; Chemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0165959348633038,"gpt":0.2169848133062509,"spread":0.2003888784429471,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002400083,0.0002339429,0.0002557677,0.00006778483,0.0002427119,0.0002226503,0.000350454,0.0001426306,0.00003514623],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002236704,0.0001305859,0.00005906338,0.0004838382,0.0001169683,0.0005921127,0.0001435158,0.0005068569,0.0006953683],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002133006,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000264498,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01367274,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.09021401,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9976814,0.0005242505,0.000371831,0.000593787,0.0004197326,0.0004089949],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989444,0.0003982183,0.00007070019,0.0004721808,0.000009053275,0.0001054504],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000785353,0.00003663143,0.9900614,0.0002477434,0.00001296704,0.00003783966,0.001432987,0.00005821998,0.00007425409,0.0002806063,0.003507276,0.004242221],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001448088,0.0001304085,0.9374545,0.0001995511,0.00001723233,0.0001000138,0.0001506273,0.03275499,0.00001326449,0.0002764899,0.02854962,0.000208448],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9905993,0.0003081088,0.00003072098,0.001839088,0.0004183238,0.001625161,0.00006737198,0.000126043,0.004985915],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985586,0.000005728262,0.00001965996,0.00001780705,0.0004258308,0.0002535776,0.00006948399,0.00003725968,0.0006120889],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.07654127,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9928953,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7116056139","doi":"10.1016/j.fecs.2025.100419","title":"Considering tree species of the future: Tree species in Mexico predicted to have suitable current climate in the United States and Canada","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Forest Ecosystems","topic":"Species Distribution and Climate Change","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"U.S. Forest Service; Rocky Mountain Research Station; U.S. Department of Agriculture","keywords":"Climate change; Latitude; Global warming; Vegetation (pathology); Current (fluid); Climate model; Species distribution","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01515488709172408,"gpt":0.2199756823753728,"spread":0.2048207952836487,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003224611,0.0001432376,0.0002064707,0.00007597184,0.0001153098,0.00005405828,0.0003170584,0.00003987832,0.0005853191],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005945912,0.00009121263,0.00003032235,0.0006218575,0.0001002605,0.00006506941,0.0002365386,0.0001370535,0.000005711543],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007640012,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004928095,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.2425787,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9957731,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986838,0.0001130744,0.0003558018,0.0002081091,0.0002948599,0.0003443616],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994397,0.0001295648,0.00008866614,0.0002796098,0.00001404998,0.00004842032],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001521469,0.00003693102,0.9792396,0.00005975242,0.000004871255,0.000003446558,0.0009451602,0.0005149861,0.0001055993,0.001763574,0.0172516,0.00005929386],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003162129,0.00001547685,0.803846,0.0001017229,0.000005728933,0.000002006608,0.02096261,0.001025446,0.0003106088,0.00004436916,0.1732875,0.00008228328],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9880995,0.0002069875,0.000004480112,0.001615906,0.0004681207,0.0005075207,0.0005824536,0.00001054421,0.008504502],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991183,0.0002576158,0.000001747232,0.0001812525,0.00002430243,0.00004890137,0.00009870563,0.000005706234,0.0002634387],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7531944,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.762465,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4406749479","doi":"10.1016/j.fecs.2025.100298","title":"Demystifying field application of Critical Height Sampling in estimating stand volume","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Forest Ecosystems","topic":"Forest ecology and management","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"National Science and Technology Council","keywords":"Environmental science; Sampling (signal processing); Field (mathematics); Volume (thermodynamics); Forestry; Environmental resource management; Geography; Computer science; Mathematics; Telecommunications; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.009468842425806123,"gpt":0.2727623098502778,"spread":0.2632934674244716,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003795627,0.00008083688,0.0001551801,0.00006386242,0.00008304456,0.00001266041,0.000163295,0.0000783526,0.0001686595],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002079855,0.00008142139,0.00002820331,0.0002059725,0.00005747729,0.0001078285,0.0001399794,0.00009290537,0.00009073409],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001167093,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009003727,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007532251,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004477719,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991173,0.0000332083,0.0003289349,0.0002182463,0.00009971423,0.0002026045],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999517,0.0001969043,0.00006427574,0.0001863302,0.000006595234,0.00002888244],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002346,0.0001287121,0.8536229,0.0005860616,0.00001272969,0.000004994407,0.0002077321,0.0637149,0.000284118,0.07688193,0.001873414,0.002659003],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003671692,0.00007504848,0.1517993,0.0002381635,0.00002145274,0.000002556058,0.0001608912,0.8035427,0.0002655558,0.03553222,0.007822761,0.0001721182],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4007989,0.00008225733,0.5879557,0.0005424902,0.0004150418,0.000425138,0.000003302445,0.0000334975,0.009743644],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9942886,0.000001420854,0.005378131,0.0000608156,0.00002096372,0.00005653752,0.000003919348,0.000005147807,0.0001844131],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7398278,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3320268,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4411461154","doi":"10.1016/j.fecs.2025.100360","title":"The spatial shifts and vulnerability assessment of ecological niches under climate change scenarios at the genus level: A case study of Betula, China","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Forest Ecosystems","topic":"Species Distribution and Climate Change","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; Canadian Forest Service","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China; China National Funds for Distinguished Young Scientists; Rob Dollar Foundation","keywords":"Ecological niche; Geography; Ecology; China; Climate change; Vulnerability (computing); Niche; Ecosystem; Genus; Environmental niche modelling; Environmental resource management; Physical geography; Environmental science; Biology; Habitat","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05276175657153303,"gpt":0.3089772408237379,"spread":0.2562154842522049,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009342703,0.0001388396,0.0002393704,0.00001628585,0.0005286689,0.00003585443,0.0002199593,0.00006617687,0.0009308605],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004285344,0.00007603287,0.00006184004,0.0001664522,0.0002619644,0.00005485365,0.0005894866,0.0001112589,0.0000111597],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004002165,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009838185,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01301866,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.4268143,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985423,0.0002706117,0.00039185,0.0002704154,0.0002659228,0.0002588939],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990921,0.0002380368,0.0001980894,0.0004048329,0.00001624152,0.00005072403],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002995305,0.0005104601,0.9958367,0.00005374981,0.00003412673,0.00002246009,0.0008070701,0.0001011748,0.00004346861,0.0009171572,0.0004512415,0.001192462],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005184941,0.000255114,0.9876165,0.00001300765,0.00003519911,0.00002792266,0.007261795,0.003475074,0.00002226376,0.00004475613,0.0006526003,0.00007731833],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9966159,0.00009006786,0.00002307316,0.0005031706,0.0002417956,0.00116575,0.0002643351,0.000017607,0.001078244],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996583,0.00003545365,0.000001939484,0.00003901768,0.00001976105,0.0001906238,0.00001513623,0.000005549883,0.0000341964],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4137956,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999824,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4406121234","doi":"10.1016/j.fecs.2025.100294","title":"Increased positive tree species mixture effects on the abundance and richness of Collembola with stand development in Canadian boreal forests","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Forest Ecosystems","topic":"Fire effects on ecosystems","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Species richness; Ecology; Abundance (ecology); Taiga; Boreal; Biodiversity; Ecosystem; Geography; Biology","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.002448375873584309,"gpt":0.17408356112513,"spread":0.1716351852515457,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005714145,0.0002522917,0.0003738856,0.0001641334,0.0001911737,0.00007116156,0.0002897995,0.0001042061,0.00002086551],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001064738,0.0001660931,0.00002725232,0.0006131138,0.0001178991,0.0001190187,0.0000700887,0.000153213,0.00002103816],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008752436,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002232257,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.2283151,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9743027,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983637,0.0001740184,0.000316121,0.0003691012,0.0003216232,0.0004554802],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987606,0.0005979431,0.0001383487,0.0003163207,0.00002059724,0.0001661973],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001141055,0.00004113354,0.9952487,0.0002449392,0.00004013914,0.0000492459,0.0005512218,0.00007743621,0.0001226404,0.0009128446,0.001624345,0.0009732802],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007974344,0.0001932944,0.9855378,0.001122864,0.00001115306,0.000009260302,0.00009885973,0.002387749,0.002702607,0.00005434374,0.006893082,0.0001915765],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9756136,0.000127899,0.00004459253,0.0002022869,0.000135487,0.00158376,0.00006753622,0.00001638107,0.02220847],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991611,0.000003300543,0.00003407094,0.00006324614,0.00002022067,0.0001831955,0.00001815358,0.00001894911,0.000497742],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7459876,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7768236,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4416890102","doi":"10.1016/j.fecs.2025.100413","title":"Modeling eccentric growth explicitly to investigate intra-annual drivers of xylem cell production using xylogenetic data","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Forest Ecosystems","topic":"Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Chicoutimi; Université du Québec à Montréal; Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Ministère des Ressources Naturelles et de la Faune; Fonds de recherche du Québec – Nature et technologies; Alliance de recherche numérique du Canada; Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry","keywords":"Gompertz function; Benchmark (surveying); Bayesian probability; Tree (set theory); Process (computing); Production (economics); Variable (mathematics); Xylem; Pipeline (software)","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01755628060969398,"gpt":0.2174048706930173,"spread":0.1998485900833233,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002561753,0.0001273906,0.0001695785,0.0001297915,0.00009031156,0.00002323078,0.0004316693,0.00006452325,0.00001591031],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003208936,0.0001232631,0.00002889934,0.0005210112,0.00003114248,0.000230394,0.0003617954,0.00007908069,0.00004646902],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001612355,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002887431,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001740092,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001479462,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987607,0.00004902446,0.0003432393,0.0004125987,0.0002040886,0.0002303311],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993069,0.0000100969,0.00008299886,0.0004939605,0.00002009925,0.00008592789],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005885315,0.00002714625,0.08283169,0.00004946788,0.0000112988,0.000001369491,0.0002157766,0.9080822,0.008303201,0.000105611,0.000289494,0.00007682942],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001232887,0.00001890608,0.000825142,0.00006579456,0.00004040708,0.000005799588,0.00008749156,0.9963928,0.001718076,0.0003296982,0.0002633547,0.0001292197],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9798861,0.00003349031,0.01843643,0.0000588365,0.0003995691,0.0004005389,0.0001466095,0.00002564639,0.0006128403],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9979209,0.00001489788,0.001695269,0.0000248305,0.00003431942,0.000008314139,0.00008874825,0.00001135498,0.0002013679],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.08831059,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5026525,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4416971895","doi":"10.1016/j.fecs.2025.100414","title":"The overlooked role of individual variability in autumn xylem phenology and carbon sequestration","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Forest Ecosystems","topic":"Tree-ring climate responses","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"École de Technologie Supérieure; Ministère des Ressources naturelles et des Forêts; Université du Québec à Montréal; Ministère des Ressources naturelles et des Forêts (Québec); Université du Québec à Chicoutimi","funders":"National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars; China Scholarship Council","keywords":"Xylem; Phenology; Growing season; Carbon sequestration; Abies balsamea; Spatial variability; Ecosystem; Wood production","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008101330328070979,"gpt":0.2148180154251115,"spread":0.2067166850970406,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001212449,0.00008176654,0.0001592686,0.00008003103,0.00007186336,0.00004477944,0.0001625595,0.0000821327,0.00001826043],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002198592,0.00005889019,0.00001841178,0.0001666103,0.00007479198,0.00006517177,0.00001901691,0.00009183504,0.000004009465],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000009519198,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009373282,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.007946459,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.1349743,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988912,0.0003374829,0.0002904663,0.0001710026,0.0001206793,0.0001891279],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988111,0.0008701771,0.000087835,0.0001835212,0.00001963776,0.00002776977],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005648664,0.000008026662,0.9916582,0.00004787785,0.00001330857,0.000001358347,0.0001716389,0.000367723,0.00006393935,0.002757628,0.000008551669,0.004845229],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001871005,0.00006208094,0.967504,0.00003793033,0.000008738597,0.000003331155,0.0002264485,0.02593051,0.000115073,0.005152062,0.0007199495,0.00005277017],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9927251,0.0006287543,0.0000042928,0.00007983437,0.0002387902,0.0002305842,0.00006341021,0.00002199796,0.006007253],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999837,0.00003086815,0.00002293826,0.000006029144,0.00002254812,0.000003881531,0.00002796838,0.000001584319,0.00004711342],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1270278,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9986597,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4416525153","doi":"10.1016/j.fecs.2025.100408","title":"Wildfire increased summer low flows in snow-dominated watersheds: A combined approach of hydrometric monitoring and geochemical tracing","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Forest Ecosystems","topic":"Fire effects on ecosystems","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Okanagan College; University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus","funders":"China Scholarship Council; Mitacs; Okanagan Basin Water Board","keywords":"Snow; Evapotranspiration; Context (archaeology); Watershed; Hydrology (agriculture); Precipitation; Climate change","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.00542616076423526,"gpt":0.2031259800681265,"spread":0.1976998193038912,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009378811,0.0002934208,0.000638943,0.0004377544,0.00007832341,0.00004747298,0.0003403516,0.0002152987,0.00002379068],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002445057,0.0002713226,0.00008400455,0.001511983,0.00007933223,0.0002620112,0.000204224,0.0002362266,0.0000351139],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003833396,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001792867,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01074521,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009147921,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9976763,0.0002110765,0.0007031494,0.0005657431,0.0003487628,0.0004950111],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989316,0.0003272816,0.0001781483,0.0004156526,0.00001033408,0.0001369358],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009681823,0.000271234,0.9644858,0.0006535884,0.00003912739,0.0000173361,0.000340641,0.0006404599,0.03253607,0.00001374606,0.0001358001,0.0007694043],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004033982,0.0001875287,0.3891445,0.001787914,0.00005215707,0.0000302848,0.0003202755,0.5591094,0.04451336,0.00006873571,0.0002001477,0.0005517574],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9965474,0.0002058303,0.00009891058,0.00002114973,0.0003556157,0.0009812088,0.00001160804,0.00006048627,0.00171778],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999446,0.000009016038,0.000218484,0.00000570172,0.00003545142,0.000149892,0.00002935151,0.00002904757,0.00007708144],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5753413,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999739,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}