{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":34,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":34,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12","author_layer_release":"2026-06-26"},"query_hash":"622ea79c91a8","filters":{"venue":"Géotechnique Letters"}},"results":[{"id":"W1978871379","doi":"10.1680/geolett.14.00051","title":"On the distinct phenomena of suffusion and suffosion","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Géotechnique Letters","topic":"Dam Engineering and Safety","field":"Engineering","cited_by":140,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"University of British Columbia","keywords":"Instability; Hydraulic conductivity; Mechanics; Conductivity; Geotechnical engineering; Geology; Soil water; Chemistry; Soil science; Physics","authors":[{"name":"R. J. Fannin","is_ca":true},{"name":"P. Slangen","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.00335015125633737,"gpt":0.1556502200963263,"spread":0.1523000688399889,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001978548,0.00009268374,0.00009484609,0.000044328,0.00003109465,0.000007310079,0.00008932799,0.00003977815,0.000008916693],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002633195,0.00006611499,0.00002445213,0.0000707004,0.00003387955,0.00002044961,0.00002202943,0.0001412449,0.000003731681],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001572437,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":7.647664e-7,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00000762937,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":8.861636e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995992,0.0000184832,0.0001021729,0.00008316508,0.00008098307,0.0001160219],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996347,0.0001168967,0.00001458881,0.0002041086,0.000004875279,0.00002477563],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002497694,0.00003175785,0.0003301422,0.0002935586,0.00003126781,0.000003693216,0.0004504546,0.02430646,0.8767273,0.02853633,0.02105503,0.04820904],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001431305,0.0006313564,0.04834181,0.001113467,0.0000769196,0.00003693982,0.00005665577,0.3915271,0.4308431,0.008130568,0.1158698,0.001940926],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7963735,0.00001846978,0.1990644,0.00166243,0.0000951448,0.000124215,0.000003358835,0.0003646003,0.002293769],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989126,0.00001577151,0.0006231464,0.0003641143,0.00004147353,0.00001273999,0.000002322035,0.0000188006,0.000009081155],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4458841,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2696091,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2575767947","doi":"10.1680/jgele.16.00088","title":"Improved estimate of the effective diameter for use in the Kozeny–Carman equation for permeability prediction","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Géotechnique Letters","topic":"Groundwater flow and contamination studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":75,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus; University of British Columbia","funders":"China Scholarship Council; Mitacs","keywords":"Permeability (electromagnetism); Hydraulic conductivity; Porosity; Porous medium; Mechanics; Materials science; Grain size; Geotechnical engineering; Mathematics; Geology; Physics; Composite material; Soil science; Chemistry; Soil water","authors":[{"name":"Wenbo Zheng","is_ca":true},{"name":"Dwayne D. Tannant","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02245779483184202,"gpt":0.2629466683310351,"spread":0.2404888734991931,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006539166,0.00007842544,0.00008827249,0.00001440111,0.00030663,0.00004774436,0.0002757112,0.00004062495,0.000002300031],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000188196,0.00004674109,0.00007980052,0.00003292648,0.0002118247,0.0002546513,0.000087416,0.00006726374,6.184389e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009352848,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000181507,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004234033,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002710061,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999382,0.00007206079,0.0001368512,0.0001745155,0.000107882,0.0001266833],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992564,0.0002102441,0.0001280706,0.0003852006,0.00001213301,0.000007954067],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001528345,0.0001204736,0.3822433,0.0001095421,0.00003069593,3.393342e-7,0.00321449,0.000300095,0.4906344,0.0001322253,0.00245935,0.1206023],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004128641,0.00008601236,0.9446393,0.00001831135,0.00002498039,5.954709e-7,0.00003792343,0.01021954,0.0433457,0.0003755898,0.0007651119,0.0000740457],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.5969846,6.493666e-7,0.3987959,0.002450174,0.00006350399,0.001666302,0.00001693901,0.00001198812,0.000009914876],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9940715,4.965411e-7,0.00353076,0.0006641583,0.00001904193,0.001672726,0.000003714878,0.000006268521,0.00003131938],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.562396,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2358381,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2211580485","doi":"10.1680/jgele.15.00129","title":"Magnesium sulfate attack on clays stabilised by carbide slag- and magnesia-ground granulated blast furnace slag","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Géotechnique Letters","topic":"Concrete and Cement Materials Research","field":"Engineering","cited_by":61,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China; University of Alberta","keywords":"Ground granulated blast-furnace slag; Magnesium; Gypsum; Sulfate; Slag (welding); Metallurgy; Materials science; Calcium silicate hydrate; Cement","authors":[{"name":"Yaolin Yi","is_ca":true},{"name":"Canhao Li","is_ca":false},{"name":"S. Liu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Fei Jin","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02503174909419402,"gpt":0.244445135218696,"spread":0.2194133861245019,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004305218,0.0003337861,0.0003107583,0.0001752067,0.00007902426,0.0001636159,0.0002579495,0.0001946566,0.0001229746],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001985842,0.0003393065,0.00005390143,0.0002448414,0.0001117414,0.0001973075,0.000088971,0.0003595352,0.00006843547],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001798442,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000168713,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000206644,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002584944,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981822,0.0001122066,0.0003176808,0.0003780292,0.0004020319,0.0006078152],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991661,0.00005133922,0.00004125574,0.0004448768,0.00005070018,0.000245772],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009555389,0.00001050024,0.0001206696,0.0001383536,0.00001619946,0.00005367427,0.0001412195,0.0002367628,0.9450135,0.00001350324,0.05337168,0.0007884084],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002629416,0.0005511768,0.00108765,0.00009653799,0.00006294864,0.00004803395,0.0001246914,0.006525629,0.9162759,0.00008386763,0.07123773,0.001276458],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9930574,0.0001220993,0.001473758,0.002701043,0.0002136672,0.0006102332,0.00004888362,0.0006928053,0.001080144],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998264,0.00005002746,0.0003159672,0.0007838884,0.0001217541,0.000103735,0.00006613405,0.00009399458,0.0002004722],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02873761,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999059,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3005360861","doi":"10.1680/jgele.19.00095","title":"Effects of particle size–strength and size–shape correlations on parallel grading scaling","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Géotechnique Letters","topic":"Geotechnical Engineering and Soil Mechanics","field":"Engineering","cited_by":47,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal; Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue","funders":"","keywords":"Particle size; Scaling; Materials science; Particle-size distribution; Grain size; Particle (ecology); Sample size determination; Composite material; Geotechnical engineering; Mineralogy; Mechanics; Geology; Mathematics; Statistics; Physics; Geometry","authors":[{"name":"Carlos Ovalle","is_ca":true},{"name":"Christophe Dano","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.005880114137762136,"gpt":0.179749131145316,"spread":0.1738690170075538,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007868492,0.0001714734,0.0002212678,0.00002275387,0.00004317424,0.00001581047,0.0001118063,0.0001220347,0.000005858868],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002916272,0.0001837843,0.00006220095,0.0002193025,0.00002941666,0.00005487832,0.0000309543,0.00036129,0.000006147626],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002395258,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000003119436,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00000428985,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.48108e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992011,0.00002099058,0.0002204298,0.0001835368,0.0001309433,0.0002429868],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991917,0.0004943291,0.00003076086,0.0001414552,0.000009555345,0.0001321721],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002111454,0.00004659941,0.00004083661,0.0006477198,0.0000703433,0.00004476646,0.0005036288,0.3235368,0.6438508,0.002764286,0.00116844,0.02730472],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003769723,0.00009088701,0.0006532482,0.0001450997,0.00003113722,0.000003863969,0.00001066628,0.8632838,0.1347186,0.0001476276,0.0002823004,0.0002558017],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7156392,0.00008772866,0.2809454,0.001878597,0.00009333569,0.0002513733,0.000003809423,0.001064992,0.00003553172],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9859989,0.00005372602,0.01284607,0.0009673558,0.00004956521,0.00003931041,0.000001216936,0.00004059855,0.000003221422],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.539747,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7494507,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2897342823","doi":"10.1680/jgele.18.00105","title":"Characterisation of a subaqueously deposited silt iron ore tailings","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Géotechnique Letters","topic":"Geotechnical Engineering and Soil Mechanics","field":"Engineering","cited_by":40,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Golder Associates (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Silt; Tailings; Layering; Geology; Geotechnical engineering; Mineralogy; Materials science; Metallurgy; Geomorphology","authors":[{"name":"David Reid","is_ca":false},{"name":"Riccardo Fanni","is_ca":true},{"name":"Kai Xiang Koh","is_ca":true},{"name":"I. Orea","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.004559152587682126,"gpt":0.1801427477130779,"spread":0.1755835951253957,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001377286,0.0001743515,0.0001981391,0.0001468434,0.00003370345,0.00001425668,0.0001884087,0.0002084081,0.00001443726],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002764476,0.0001888093,0.00006850877,0.0002661067,0.00005290203,0.00008232176,0.00002819804,0.0002662865,0.00001992355],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006185976,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000005410023,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004435787,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004228615,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999131,0.00001461458,0.000273937,0.0001672918,0.0001517123,0.0002614987],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995099,0.00002054108,0.00004716097,0.0003191869,0.00004321422,0.00005999746],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005242369,0.00001031555,0.00001055505,0.00008645698,0.00001156546,0.000006534493,0.0001300344,0.00142988,0.9860272,0.00009575818,0.0005728686,0.01161363],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001608723,0.0001120759,0.0004174534,0.000106743,0.00001969292,0.00002408156,0.000007763545,0.1173632,0.8795304,0.00008930269,0.00185332,0.0003151086],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6692784,0.00001461301,0.3289062,0.0002768924,0.0001516736,0.0001500428,0.000003814336,0.00112655,0.00009170768],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9884134,0.00001842039,0.01097093,0.0003630376,0.0001221539,0.00003417955,0.00001451365,0.00005293496,0.00001042492],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.319135,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7699419,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2562536730","doi":"10.1680/jgele.16.00099","title":"The role of particle type on suffusion and suffosion","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Géotechnique Letters","topic":"Dam Engineering and Safety","field":"Engineering","cited_by":32,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; BGC Engineering (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Permeameter; Particle (ecology); Bead; Materials science; Composite material; Internal erosion; Geotechnical engineering; Soil water; Geology; Hydraulic conductivity","authors":[{"name":"P. Slangen","is_ca":true},{"name":"R. J. Fannin","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.002598840785536061,"gpt":0.1622628667431829,"spread":0.1596640259576468,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001049941,0.00006233327,0.00005697082,0.00001854391,0.00003124109,0.000005631365,0.00006387309,0.00003560812,0.000003359477],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001643442,0.00003563852,0.00001576384,0.00006044022,0.000031636,0.0000282675,0.00001645284,0.0000571221,0.000007608923],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000016403,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000001324582,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000004173545,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001049331,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996552,0.000009611344,0.00008467658,0.00006393958,0.00006523282,0.0001213325],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997256,0.00007146416,0.000009937839,0.000160028,0.000007465698,0.00002549433],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001336645,0.000002903101,0.0002474603,0.000005791697,0.00000385916,7.234175e-7,0.00002694001,0.0002681898,0.946552,0.001354693,0.0006774715,0.05084657],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001449536,0.00008725959,0.003789492,0.00008882328,0.000004279748,0.000003363581,0.000008466672,0.003858396,0.9584541,0.0003810758,0.03305582,0.0001239998],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9880531,0.0001443372,0.009280601,0.001719671,0.00009597626,0.00008072165,0.000002005102,0.0002887507,0.0003348264],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993514,0.0002380522,0.0002711355,0.00007591493,0.00002118828,0.000006595079,2.845356e-7,0.00001366351,0.00002174526],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.05072257,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1453297,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1998910691","doi":"10.1680/geolett.11.00032","title":"Compression and shear wave propagation in cemented-sand specimens","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Géotechnique Letters","topic":"Geotechnical Engineering and Underground Structures","field":"Engineering","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia; University of Waterloo","keywords":"Longitudinal wave; Transducer; Shear waves; Acoustics; Ultrasonic sensor; Materials science; Shear (geology); Vibration; Shear modulus; Wave propagation; Compression (physics); Composite material; Optics; Physics","authors":[{"name":"Miguel F. Amaral","is_ca":false},{"name":"António Viana da Fonseca","is_ca":false},{"name":"Marcos Arroyo","is_ca":true},{"name":"Giovanni Cascante","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jorge Carvalho","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01450403601630099,"gpt":0.1816102022314055,"spread":0.1671061662151045,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007271787,0.0001305761,0.0001199243,0.0001235574,0.00002438576,0.00001325949,0.00005929587,0.000101188,0.00002263803],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000005872041,0.0001245922,0.00001987913,0.0001063636,0.00003413593,0.00007738968,0.0000250375,0.0002583737,0.000001977929],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004201986,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000001675577,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003338783,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003074784,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994094,0.00001274797,0.000154992,0.0001443351,0.00008261144,0.000195852],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997786,0.00001122755,0.00001404093,0.0001463414,0.000005370025,0.00004439471],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003097359,0.00003670167,0.0005174386,0.0002372287,0.0000302416,0.00009281897,0.0007543302,0.01847826,0.9663033,0.002483274,0.002164419,0.008871023],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001856958,0.0002446949,0.1983185,0.0007131604,0.00004234758,0.0001744556,0.00008101398,0.1382938,0.6408259,0.00636766,0.0113037,0.001777741],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6662979,0.0001106884,0.3283036,0.0004139222,0.000168581,0.0004297962,0.000003217632,0.001117989,0.003154294],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9891161,0.00003569891,0.01060939,0.0001502731,0.00002615973,0.00002728422,0.000004196052,0.00002248576,0.000008454098],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3254773,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5080723,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2060083799","doi":"10.1680/geolett.14.00055","title":"On the use of empirical methods for assessment of filters in embankment dams","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Géotechnique Letters","topic":"Dam Engineering and Safety","field":"Engineering","cited_by":28,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Uppsala Universitet; Kungliga Tekniska Högskolan; Chalmers Tekniska Högskola","keywords":"Gradation; Internal erosion; Levee; Geotechnical engineering; Plot (graphics); Erosion; Filter (signal processing); Instability; Geotextile; Geology; Environmental science; Civil engineering; Computer science; Mathematics; Engineering; Statistics; Mechanics","authors":[{"name":"Hans Rönnqvist","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jonathan Fannin","is_ca":true},{"name":"Peter Viklander","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.06443481595455725,"gpt":0.3649208891722906,"spread":0.3004860732177334,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006191433,0.0001114938,0.0002009806,0.0001041638,0.00001067532,0.000006225099,0.000145432,0.00006362062,0.000004271708],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008305571,0.00008653293,0.00007871573,0.0001240985,0.00003013071,0.00003150182,0.00001874864,0.0001721376,2.425752e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006163267,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004274686,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00000997834,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000102763,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993123,0.00007850077,0.000252204,0.0001062809,0.00009036434,0.0001603095],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989064,0.0007197633,0.00003479101,0.0003069771,0.00001049123,0.00002158817],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001658024,0.00005011159,0.0002773456,0.0002374793,0.00005268211,6.137423e-7,0.0002004701,0.692359,0.254365,0.004979304,0.02371094,0.02375051],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004235317,0.0001904644,0.00644312,0.0002321791,0.00002048464,0.000001510385,0.000009031973,0.8001134,0.150296,0.0006367672,0.04132951,0.0003039256],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.07856051,0.00000316787,0.9193346,0.001473829,0.00009789602,0.0003012991,0.000007016167,0.00009751389,0.0001241741],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6434014,0.000005624117,0.3554639,0.0009467829,0.00001520685,0.0001307672,0.000004617827,0.00002659891,0.000005073483],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5648409,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3528711,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2611939228","doi":"10.1680/jgele.16.00191","title":"Insights into geogrid–soil interaction using a transparent granular soil","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Géotechnique Letters","topic":"Geotechnical Engineering and Soil Stabilization","field":"Engineering","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Royal Military College of Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Geogrid; Geotechnical engineering; Materials science; Transverse plane; Stiffness; Shear (geology); Deformation (meteorology); Shear stress; Geology; Composite material; Structural engineering; Engineering; Reinforcement","authors":[{"name":"Richard J. Bathurst","is_ca":true},{"name":"Fawzy M. Ezzein","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01830585022328305,"gpt":0.2398205276120046,"spread":0.2215146773887216,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009683306,0.0002405915,0.0002238455,0.0001517316,0.0002827266,0.0001284893,0.000334389,0.0001961736,0.000008225154],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003673297,0.0002554753,0.0001108024,0.00009299666,0.00007202689,0.0003494431,0.00003971347,0.0004123416,0.00001085293],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000185075,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007173304,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004216932,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009689546,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989966,0.00002068156,0.000272397,0.0002499964,0.0001884153,0.0002719834],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991664,0.00001733781,0.00006150413,0.0006374718,0.0000272766,0.0000900224],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004530595,0.0000122052,0.00004804187,0.00009847243,0.00001480609,0.00001385978,0.0001706773,0.7063757,0.2891448,0.0000627956,0.0001729477,0.003881078],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003352583,0.00003125138,0.001766481,0.0002597618,0.00004441566,0.00001544995,0.00001622722,0.8518921,0.1378421,0.0005911438,0.006601498,0.0006043448],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.5558138,0.00005827684,0.4420467,0.000502331,0.0003929862,0.0001454396,0.000001201911,0.0008952281,0.0001440049],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9976706,0.00007617957,0.001801919,0.0001892157,0.0001286602,0.00005593835,0.00001295069,0.00006082257,0.000003726502],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4418567,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999897,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2041637534","doi":"10.1680/geolett.14.00073","title":"The physical nature of thermal conduction in dry granular media","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Géotechnique Letters","topic":"Geothermal Energy Systems and Applications","field":"Energy","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"New Mexico State University","keywords":"Thermal conductivity; Thermal conduction; Materials science; Electrical conductor; Composite material; Granular material; Thermal; Conductivity; Electrical resistivity and conductivity; Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Physics; Electrical engineering; Engineering","authors":[{"name":"Ali Nasirian","is_ca":false},{"name":"Douglas D. Cortes","is_ca":false},{"name":"Sheng Dai","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0116591674094688,"gpt":0.2340793121040388,"spread":0.22242014469457,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002401289,0.00009715671,0.0001326052,0.00004660949,0.00004174356,0.00001078854,0.0002090633,0.0001347546,0.000003599537],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002917199,0.00006811476,0.00005706825,0.0002049131,0.0001153101,0.00005865673,0.00002688209,0.0003152451,0.000009529288],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003582874,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001591554,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002937748,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003600936,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992607,0.00008506538,0.0001725424,0.0001408669,0.000176378,0.0001644927],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994716,0.0000604812,0.00008222666,0.0003099063,0.00003479577,0.00004098657],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004106204,0.00009146675,0.0008214056,0.00001441604,0.00002084895,0.000008969231,0.001257103,0.01684625,0.8123408,0.1551879,0.002339704,0.01103005],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001736218,0.0001008542,0.02683886,0.0001351067,0.0000409492,0.00002072387,0.0009784342,0.005547956,0.598026,0.02185917,0.3439066,0.0008090688],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9912469,0.00006932931,0.000588056,0.006121716,0.0001352643,0.0001528612,0.000002389695,0.00008627316,0.001597161],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986798,0.000003507034,0.0002813315,0.0006327027,0.000215648,0.0001201467,0.000007891326,0.00001774595,0.00004127301],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3415669,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4441016,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1977661006","doi":"10.1680/geolett.12.00062","title":"Disintegration energy of sensitive clays","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Géotechnique Letters","topic":"Landslides and related hazards","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Landslide; Geotechnical engineering; Stiffness; Norwegian; Geology; Flow (mathematics); Mechanics; Materials science; Physics; Composite material","authors":[{"name":"Vikas Thakur","is_ca":false},{"name":"Samson Abate Degago","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.002950855551877747,"gpt":0.1743744100516145,"spread":0.1714235544997367,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00005866022,0.0000760471,0.00008512863,0.00002388641,0.00003348843,0.000009782735,0.00007995,0.0000827376,0.0007055267],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000052068,0.00005518301,0.00004712735,0.0001122519,0.0001107736,0.0001205153,0.00005023956,0.00009251044,0.0001015408],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005159081,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000001797719,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00186352,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003146293,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994575,0.00002828764,0.0001235044,0.0001339389,0.0001265815,0.0001301388],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997447,0.00001472417,0.00005715145,0.0001425917,0.000005669625,0.0000351273],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005665346,0.00001877459,0.001147275,0.000002487282,0.000008693027,0.000006023913,0.0001398957,0.0002180978,0.936179,0.0004982341,0.04126151,0.02051434],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002499848,0.0001064222,0.03599301,0.00005106204,0.00002203154,0.00003387795,0.00006769433,0.0030842,0.9419616,0.003408654,0.01465239,0.0003690519],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7714228,0.00000569256,0.20587,0.008649744,0.00008905679,0.0002370532,0.000003739041,0.0001228051,0.0135991],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9937512,0.00001367784,0.003443704,0.002542106,0.00001905878,0.00001835071,0.000006539795,0.000008586928,0.0001967411],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2223284,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7725022,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2958310996","doi":"10.1680/jgele.19.00012","title":"Convergence of rotational hardening with bounds in clay plasticity","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Géotechnique Letters","topic":"Elasticity and Material Modeling","field":"Engineering","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Plasticity; Hardening (computing); Attractor; Convergence (economics); Anisotropy; Rate of convergence; Mathematics; Function (biology); Applied mathematics; Mathematical analysis; Mechanics; Materials science; Physics; Thermodynamics; Computer science; Composite material; Economics","authors":[{"name":"Yannis F. Dafalias","is_ca":false},{"name":"Mahdi Taiebat","is_ca":true},{"name":"Fabio Rollo","is_ca":false},{"name":"A. Amorosi","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.004350716514380344,"gpt":0.1736337505131642,"spread":0.1692830339987839,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006364157,0.00008536919,0.0001278577,0.00008423131,0.00001111257,0.000009696675,0.00008106289,0.00005434359,0.0000564682],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000006950952,0.00008596393,0.0000160461,0.00009742089,0.00002852418,0.00009725761,0.00001367489,0.0001366677,0.00001109471],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003689926,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009381709,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003809144,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001506682,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994813,0.00001003815,0.0001544125,0.0001014344,0.0001074057,0.0001453677],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998316,0.0000386071,0.00002528589,0.00007065029,0.00001430073,0.00001953047],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002103391,0.000004169613,0.002012717,0.00008904968,0.000006441438,0.00000383392,0.000103385,0.2803808,0.7169837,0.0002854942,0.00006560423,0.00004367846],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006738089,0.0001020309,0.008898683,0.0006028896,0.0000128364,0.00001559561,0.00002752694,0.1349938,0.8536656,0.0002818981,0.0002960479,0.0004292891],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7355466,0.000002893391,0.2638936,0.00007289828,0.00008797526,0.0001102262,0.000003272847,0.00009782066,0.0001847066],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9888666,0.000003164713,0.01091804,0.0001494153,0.00001979916,0.00001868207,0.000003277705,0.00001558698,0.000005407778],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.25332,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3505507,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4200192681","doi":"10.1680/jgele.21.00094","title":"Assessing the undrained strength cross-anisotropy of three tailings types","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Géotechnique Letters","topic":"Geotechnical Engineering and Soil Mechanics","field":"Engineering","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Golder Associates (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Anisotropy; Shearing (physics); Geotechnical engineering; Tailings; Geology; Brittleness; Materials science; Composite material; Metallurgy","authors":[{"name":"David Reid","is_ca":false},{"name":"Riccardo Fanni","is_ca":true},{"name":"Andy Fourie","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01176655807824094,"gpt":0.2450185451598672,"spread":0.2332519870816263,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002170431,0.00016994,0.0002075892,0.0000524252,0.00006509181,0.00008726604,0.0002600699,0.0001549848,0.00002202536],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009206419,0.0001457047,0.0001120873,0.0003177091,0.00006402144,0.0001154468,0.00006377881,0.0004362642,0.000006179564],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004867108,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002145261,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001643005,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004491128,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990757,0.00002178226,0.0002663412,0.0001760281,0.0001871804,0.000273043],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993014,0.00009755097,0.00004042875,0.0004612141,0.0000549126,0.00004452681],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000002743899,0.00003326968,0.00005961495,0.0002106343,0.000110858,0.00007259787,0.00009434229,0.1835424,0.7801176,0.005976648,0.0008924331,0.02888679],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003090549,0.000032744,0.0008288893,0.0001714119,0.00005444945,0.00004900393,0.00004544465,0.2861734,0.7029571,0.002937031,0.005945055,0.00049643],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3403612,0.0001645072,0.6570174,0.0009774086,0.0002394743,0.0001031373,0.000004949686,0.0008307107,0.0003011661],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9689797,0.00003183378,0.03046632,0.0003462323,0.00007346032,0.00002130075,0.000008555019,0.00005063821,0.00002194384],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6286185,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5941664,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2954288847","doi":"10.1680/jgele.18.00252","title":"Probabilistic stability analyses of layered excavated slopes","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Géotechnique Letters","topic":"Geotechnical Engineering and Analysis","field":"Engineering","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"","keywords":"Geotechnical engineering; Factor of safety; Spatial variability; Slope stability; Stability (learning theory); Geology; Failure mechanism; Probabilistic logic; Soil water; Safety factor; Probabilistic analysis of algorithms; Soil science; Mathematics; Structural engineering; Statistics; Engineering; Computer science","authors":[{"name":"Donglin Zhu","is_ca":false},{"name":"D. V. Griffiths","is_ca":false},{"name":"Gordon A. Fenton","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01760479248923082,"gpt":0.2300201500686835,"spread":0.2124153575794527,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001931373,0.000181594,0.0003560021,0.0001595441,0.00001364266,0.00001205183,0.0002224821,0.0001175815,0.0001460185],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005327345,0.0001711774,0.000153339,0.0005388791,0.00004819205,0.00006713552,0.00003257245,0.0002425861,0.00002692839],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000576636,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006564387,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006428199,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001918804,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990003,0.000026812,0.0003390023,0.0002139698,0.0001726059,0.0002472822],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992924,0.0000635513,0.0000419335,0.0005099734,0.00003697893,0.0000551932],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000002584305,0.00001188772,0.0001334646,0.0001760318,0.00004722,0.000001496591,0.00001411218,0.3242655,0.6746167,0.00002735616,0.000227472,0.0004761466],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002694749,0.0000577956,0.001976053,0.0001307665,0.00009025268,0.00000393615,0.00001773901,0.1728647,0.8221426,0.0002054913,0.001712749,0.0005284135],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8353853,0.00006142973,0.1625438,0.0002533479,0.00006366169,0.0002658235,0.00001153888,0.001109766,0.0003053065],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9955197,0.00001374628,0.004283893,0.00007952446,0.00001578463,0.00002977052,0.00001126555,0.00003124593,0.00001509099],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1601344,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6980412,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3015849620","doi":"10.1680/jgele.19.00041","title":"A non-linear interface model for monotonic shear coupling in granular soil–structure interaction problems","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Géotechnique Letters","topic":"Geotechnical Engineering and Soil Mechanics","field":"Engineering","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Université Laval; Dassault Systèmes (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Dilatant; Constitutive equation; Materials science; Hardening (computing); Geotechnical engineering; Monotonic function; Interface model; Shear (geology); Plasticity; Granular material; Softening; Soil structure; Mechanics; Structural engineering; Geology; Finite element method; Mathematics; Engineering; Soil water; Computer science; Composite material; Physics; Mathematical analysis; Soil science","authors":[{"name":"Miad Saberi","is_ca":true},{"name":"Charles-Darwin Annan","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jean‐Marie Konrad","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01398249968448353,"gpt":0.2214874657681726,"spread":0.2075049660836891,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001168157,0.0002648992,0.0002923842,0.0001227152,0.00003213598,0.00002726775,0.0002387696,0.0002535143,0.00000288208],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002679453,0.0002955359,0.0001035928,0.0002483919,0.0000148836,0.0001340508,0.00004325884,0.0007848747,0.000004763258],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001346128,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001027764,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001435466,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000006582717,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988405,0.000004746094,0.000339865,0.0003116604,0.0001212306,0.0003820731],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995952,0.00002349148,0.00003537818,0.0002249569,0.00002071238,0.0001003038],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001092693,0.000005264355,0.000001586273,0.0002159698,0.00000854956,0.000002754512,0.0002244619,0.8545873,0.144145,0.00001667938,0.0002569015,0.0005245954],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002984979,0.00004383007,0.000003061343,0.0001318,0.00001042962,0.000003790719,0.00001250104,0.9428321,0.05577414,0.0001970701,0.0004064192,0.0002864317],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1982302,0.00003572094,0.7989635,0.001153075,0.0001198263,0.0006042944,0.00001376137,0.0008743618,0.000005226553],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9676461,0.00003165619,0.03136212,0.0005656397,0.00007685324,0.0002020753,0.00001521317,0.00009730062,0.000003007796],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7694159,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999497,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2115241429","doi":"10.1680/geolett.11.00030","title":"Progressive failure and shear band development within model-scale reinforced soil walls subject to seismic shaking","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Géotechnique Letters","topic":"Geotechnical Engineering and Soil Stabilization","field":"Engineering","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Earthquake Commission; University of Canterbury","keywords":"Earthquake shaking table; Geotechnical engineering; Geology; Shake; Structural engineering; Shear (geology); Deformation (meteorology); Reinforced concrete; Shear wall; Engineering","authors":[{"name":"Elisabeth T. Bowman","is_ca":false},{"name":"Perry Jackson","is_ca":false},{"name":"Misko Cubrinovski","is_ca":false},{"name":"R. J. Fannin","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.00974124553490432,"gpt":0.1822301877926358,"spread":0.1724889422577314,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001958511,0.00024516,0.0002078994,0.0001569736,0.00007679718,0.00003714721,0.0001589885,0.0001844599,0.000008096631],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001909649,0.0002501375,0.00003578955,0.0002197118,0.00003521685,0.0001314304,0.00005146606,0.0003053546,0.000008041391],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001065577,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001767707,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000224397,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000116577,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989004,0.00001238468,0.0002950293,0.0002707612,0.0001670129,0.0003544733],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995413,0.00001097222,0.00003395254,0.000246655,0.00002710402,0.0001400233],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000081751,0.00000421719,0.00001972076,0.000100147,0.00001487542,0.00001301063,0.002363832,0.9422281,0.05396973,0.00006246236,0.0003057419,0.0009100049],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001702554,0.00003680832,0.0002383817,0.0001974937,0.00001211458,0.00002860933,0.00003397033,0.7721877,0.2262055,0.00006163259,0.0003487083,0.0004788034],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.5145838,0.00001492188,0.4838239,0.0001679127,0.00003832625,0.0003101215,0.000001516259,0.0009211676,0.0001383217],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9323399,0.000003581193,0.06690282,0.000456368,0.00002079209,0.0001824352,0.000007503118,0.00006049959,0.00002611141],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4177561,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999951,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2940984115","doi":"10.1680/jgele.19.00015","title":"Instability of loose dry granular slopes observed in centrifuge tilting table tests","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Géotechnique Letters","topic":"Landslides and related hazards","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"Ontario Ministry of Research and Innovation; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Centrifuge; Geotechnical engineering; Instability; Granular material; Geology; Stress path; Shear (geology); Triaxial shear test; Earthquake shaking table; Direct shear test; Soil mechanics; Pore water pressure; Stress (linguistics); Dilatant; Landslide; Plasticity; Mechanics; Materials science; Soil water; Composite material; Petrology","authors":[{"name":"Eric Wolinsky","is_ca":true},{"name":"W. Andy Take","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.007351393669831435,"gpt":0.1995059952945341,"spread":0.1921546016247027,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000488707,0.0001391553,0.0002241949,0.00004920258,0.00003448698,0.00001247071,0.0002691206,0.0001532597,0.0006565684],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003495448,0.0001163376,0.00006507256,0.0004017699,0.0001081545,0.0001897968,0.0001840747,0.0003046698,0.00008128137],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001545405,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009159173,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009879909,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001009446,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987268,0.00007013345,0.0003125866,0.0003186062,0.0002318442,0.0003400093],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994032,0.00004507574,0.0001084155,0.0003852457,0.000005254145,0.00005281384],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002138097,0.00005993772,0.6939419,0.0000368176,0.000003405921,0.00001474628,0.000118373,0.001283553,0.3009633,0.00001654466,0.0003418571,0.003198175],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001269943,0.000105685,0.7903293,0.0002402899,0.00001568119,0.000006867789,0.00003842093,0.001525636,0.181832,0.0006964003,0.0233919,0.0005479029],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9964353,0.00003966814,0.0005066296,0.0007925667,0.00007577825,0.00047536,0.000005482312,0.00007195432,0.001597215],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9947125,0.00002299908,0.004320762,0.0008183728,0.00000973102,0.00001422426,0.000006405035,0.00001618847,0.00007886878],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1191313,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7188963,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2782190553","doi":"10.1680/jgele.17.00123","title":"A model for one-dimensional deposition and consolidation of shrinking mine fills","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Géotechnique Letters","topic":"Grouting, Rheology, and Soil Mechanics","field":"Engineering","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Consolidation (business); Compressibility; Shrinkage; Parametric statistics; Geotechnical engineering; Mechanics; Computer science; Materials science; Geology; Mathematics; Physics; Composite material","authors":[{"name":"Gongda Lu","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02408426530577529,"gpt":0.2377698914196963,"spread":0.213685626113921,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001331362,0.00008283107,0.0001267095,0.0000539082,0.0001079608,0.00001817546,0.000085935,0.0001005843,0.000001120988],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003378452,0.00009551476,0.00003186307,0.00001246051,0.00004947708,0.00009498174,0.00003019974,0.00008035968,3.34854e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001993183,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004397306,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001543436,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001579002,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995528,0.000007111019,0.0001391667,0.0001095018,0.0000603778,0.0001309932],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99966,0.00003021793,0.00007389469,0.0001873401,0.00002489793,0.00002362026],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001841853,0.00001248158,0.0001851159,0.0001686698,0.00003001498,0.000002206759,0.0002312525,0.01452303,0.9751932,0.005791874,0.0006265395,0.003217217],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000245208,0.00002087769,0.0003437703,0.0000801609,0.00001913291,0.000009072318,0.00000366543,0.8593741,0.1369074,0.00287357,0.00001138364,0.0001116175],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.5013361,0.00001158802,0.4979251,0.0003820983,0.00004801209,0.0001500594,0.000007885586,0.00007823986,0.00006091108],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9377549,0.00000970171,0.06179684,0.0003327644,0.00002802445,0.00003967149,0.00001461499,0.00001669614,0.000006788516],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8448511,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3894979,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2571852492","doi":"10.1680/jgele.16.00133","title":"On some factors influencing the laboratory measurement of permeability of rock","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Géotechnique Letters","topic":"Rock Mechanics and Modeling","field":"Engineering","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University; Geomechanica (Canada)","funders":"Nuclear Waste Management Organization; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; McGill University","keywords":"Permeability (electromagnetism); Geology; Pressure gradient; Geotechnical engineering; Saturation (graph theory); Residual; Mineralogy; Chemistry; Mathematics","authors":[{"name":"A. Głowacki","is_ca":true},{"name":"A. P. S. Selvadurai","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02017376078322747,"gpt":0.218282713824435,"spread":0.1981089530412076,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003713427,0.0001114992,0.0001566009,0.00004551343,0.0001170753,0.00001425727,0.0003421465,0.00006600069,0.000003424802],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008161677,0.00008545948,0.00006568231,0.00002885176,0.00002005662,0.00009176177,0.00004935087,0.0001878239,7.386855e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008744787,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001305368,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000511815,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004321942,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992664,0.00001908344,0.0002078062,0.0001095698,0.0002575423,0.0001396294],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991209,0.00001924575,0.0001031924,0.0006687394,0.00006252206,0.00002541181],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000338842,0.000007740739,0.0001042973,0.00007803873,0.00001929307,4.390273e-7,0.0002691811,0.04032829,0.9582158,0.0005122737,0.0002180141,0.0002431896],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00007593382,0.00002303231,0.001235402,0.0001074976,0.00001058715,1.603715e-7,0.00003078196,0.007185003,0.99039,0.0007213242,0.0001127917,0.0001075041],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9765617,0.0000322909,0.0226785,0.0002939279,0.0001231046,0.000171656,0.000006906015,0.00008514057,0.00004679984],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995695,0.00001211318,0.0001829293,0.0001858233,0.00001792214,0.00001103405,4.297479e-7,0.00001968216,5.018424e-7],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03314329,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3484937,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2231645373","doi":"10.1680/jgele.15.00017","title":"Discussion: On the distinct phenomena of suffusion and suffosion","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Géotechnique Letters","topic":"Dam Engineering and Safety","field":"Engineering","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Internal erosion; Conceptual framework; Forensic engineering; Geotechnical engineering; Engineering; Geology; Epistemology; Philosophy","authors":[{"name":"R. J. Fannin","is_ca":true},{"name":"P. Slangen","is_ca":true},{"name":"Amirhassan Mehdizadeh","is_ca":false},{"name":"Mahdi M. Disfani","is_ca":false},{"name":"Arul Arulrajah","is_ca":false},{"name":"Robert Evans","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01246620604630191,"gpt":0.1880693401808313,"spread":0.1756031341345294,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002167717,0.0001087409,0.000107402,0.00004791762,0.00002809451,0.000009366153,0.0001032518,0.00004587317,0.000005954358],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002347326,0.00005866028,0.00002599452,0.0001008495,0.00004118366,0.00003531264,0.00003732809,0.0001615424,0.000004500021],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003351909,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000002826456,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000007851088,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001010571,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995067,0.00001951191,0.0001211822,0.00009509223,0.0001289155,0.000128625],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996549,0.00003928527,0.00001708546,0.0002235248,0.000008651292,0.00005658898],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001507285,0.0001335424,0.001781069,0.0004978922,0.00009130849,0.00005186397,0.004165638,0.0532285,0.6526382,0.00954999,0.1760405,0.1016708],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003323196,0.00119966,0.04166206,0.002166524,0.0001363522,0.0001200723,0.0009076071,0.1706097,0.3797934,0.005282445,0.3914758,0.003323205],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8886166,0.00009660509,0.09181015,0.01405251,0.0003518698,0.0003610519,0.00001396776,0.0008238321,0.00387345],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989606,0.00001744518,0.0006428802,0.0002433197,0.00006307856,0.00001753775,0.000004019131,0.0000211507,0.00002996292],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2728448,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2392097,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2999734131","doi":"10.1680/jgele.19.00016","title":"Undrained capacity of circular foundations under combined horizontal and torsional loads","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Géotechnique Letters","topic":"Geotechnical Engineering and Underground Structures","field":"Engineering","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Envelope (radar); Finite element method; Structural engineering; Upper and lower bounds; Geotechnical engineering; Submarine pipeline; Ultimate load; Engineering; Geology; Mechanics; Mathematics; Physics; Mathematical analysis","authors":[{"name":"Pengpeng He","is_ca":true},{"name":"Tim Newson","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01121416687094354,"gpt":0.1867577130132283,"spread":0.1755435461422848,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00005221673,0.0001563543,0.0001950141,0.00006066945,0.00004445246,0.0000194565,0.0001213334,0.0001235773,0.00002145266],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002736439,0.0001651142,0.00008203109,0.0001749371,0.00009439247,0.000076043,0.00003318271,0.0002758631,0.000001904013],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004242791,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007380413,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002615019,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001841873,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993066,0.00001452669,0.0001945925,0.000161577,0.0001439771,0.0001787735],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996641,0.00004188789,0.00002406072,0.0001459621,0.00001603649,0.0001079169],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001080687,0.00001059123,0.00004898559,0.0001743205,0.00008259028,0.000005912571,0.0001172555,0.05824171,0.9284247,0.01095178,0.001562908,0.000368449],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.006322214,0.001625124,0.04024724,0.0004674466,0.0005020424,0.0002923404,0.000304461,0.379973,0.4807535,0.04740066,0.03701174,0.005100226],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4925127,0.00003297113,0.5028295,0.003698821,0.00008244987,0.0001302991,0.00001183992,0.0005751955,0.000126259],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9917891,0.00000837265,0.00727084,0.0008204596,0.00005496055,0.0000128059,0.00001475132,0.00002680766,0.000001901905],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4992764,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6733162,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2034227047","doi":"10.1680/geolett.14.00088","title":"Heteroscedasticity of axial strength of transversely anisotropic rock","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Géotechnique Letters","topic":"Rock Mechanics and Modeling","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Overburden pressure; Heteroscedasticity; Geotechnical engineering; Anisotropy; Geology; Geological Strength Index; Strength theory; Principal stress; Mathematics; Statistics; Physics; Petrology","authors":[{"name":"Nezam Bozorgzadeh","is_ca":true},{"name":"J. P. Harrison","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.007841526535845212,"gpt":0.1895685735771769,"spread":0.1817270470413317,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000748355,0.0001167097,0.0002096628,0.00008094226,0.00001805988,0.000003802251,0.0001415185,0.0000851635,0.000009959382],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000009503437,0.0001252939,0.00008208394,0.00007618626,0.000009628469,0.00004448028,0.00001577723,0.000134843,0.000001322889],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001932066,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000003810978,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002274397,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003621951,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993322,0.00001722788,0.000245794,0.0001127544,0.0001228072,0.0001691478],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996864,0.0000212657,0.00004452121,0.0001928095,0.00001903854,0.00003602936],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005677338,0.00001059945,0.00001382763,0.0001136491,0.00001365678,5.115563e-7,0.00007011349,0.06212503,0.9351544,0.0006891708,0.0001832899,0.001620029],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002169717,0.00006689895,0.0000445204,0.00005483945,0.00001562955,0.000001439092,0.000005196725,0.2058881,0.7929329,0.0002011879,0.0004421005,0.0001301867],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4366184,0.000005053891,0.5630135,0.00003983671,0.00007099952,0.00006294738,0.000005810879,0.0001028894,0.00008059142],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9903883,0.0000159153,0.009405392,0.0001111405,0.00004179174,0.000007588664,0.000002975242,0.00002510156,0.000001796584],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5537699,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5109336,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4283802526","doi":"10.1680/jgele.22.00036","title":"Influence of fines content on the undrained flow instability of loess","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Géotechnique Letters","topic":"Landslides and related hazards","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Loess; Instability; Geotechnical engineering; Void (composites); Materials science; Void ratio; Monotonic function; Plasticity; Flow (mathematics); Stress path; Geology; Mechanics; Grain size; Composite material; Mathematics; Physics; Geomorphology","authors":[{"name":"Fangzhou Liu","is_ca":true},{"name":"Qiang Xu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Y. Zhang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jorge Macedo","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01213187480758134,"gpt":0.1961178464634659,"spread":0.1839859716558845,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004101431,0.00007954203,0.0001212636,0.00002194467,0.0001007828,0.000002941557,0.0003214936,0.0000333327,0.0005092864],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004104372,0.0000494727,0.00006585266,0.0002160802,0.0002721214,0.00003690166,0.0002497243,0.0002305707,0.000004423639],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008925884,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006145825,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005053644,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001275426,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991217,0.0001026284,0.00020389,0.0001532581,0.0002913941,0.0001271004],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994456,0.00008341111,0.0001142366,0.000330179,0.000005942329,0.00002060745],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001386157,0.0001617999,0.02143516,0.00002714938,0.00002497436,0.00001109327,0.0007704878,0.2438618,0.7266237,0.000526972,0.003882537,0.002535718],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001072304,0.0009556295,0.432012,0.0001141579,0.00005539705,0.00002969267,0.0003162449,0.004324325,0.5343096,0.00248957,0.02367715,0.0006439781],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.989397,0.000004193417,0.0003629313,0.009450187,0.00003015968,0.0002845894,0.00002031722,0.00002677251,0.0004238243],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9964985,0.000004260982,0.000309422,0.00309322,0.00000451813,0.00005098822,0.000002166146,0.000006353163,0.00003052525],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4105768,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5576329,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4283659165","doi":"10.1680/jgele.21.00155","title":"Novel evaluation of mass polar moment of inertia of the drive plate in resonant column","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Géotechnique Letters","topic":"Geotechnical Engineering and Soil Mechanics","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Moment of inertia; Stiffness; Calibration; Inertia; Structural engineering; Rotary inertia; Added mass; Materials science; Moment (physics); Mechanics; Acoustics; Physics; Engineering; Classical mechanics; Vibration","authors":[{"name":"Zahid Khan","is_ca":false},{"name":"Giovanni Cascante","is_ca":true},{"name":"Rana E. Ahmed","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01072716604828768,"gpt":0.1968824748406305,"spread":0.1861553087923428,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008076296,0.00009295146,0.0001915833,0.0001354217,0.00001749386,0.000001420348,0.0002490703,0.00006260165,0.00001109534],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002537359,0.00008947754,0.00006999407,0.000401115,0.0000253413,0.00002153487,0.00008420074,0.0003164055,1.203047e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001740714,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002076926,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000157329,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000006487601,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988965,0.00005413551,0.0003463946,0.0001023608,0.0004583911,0.000142215],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995323,0.00002610125,0.000085364,0.0003056371,0.00003425484,0.00001627954],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000002392318,0.00001564226,0.00001052717,0.00003380769,0.000008357004,3.439978e-7,0.00008111056,0.4534419,0.5444164,0.0001035023,0.00007016624,0.001815903],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003404867,0.00003616393,0.0011972,0.00007222843,0.00002276165,0.000002154636,0.00003232256,0.5754474,0.4222215,0.0001552296,0.0003712375,0.0001013827],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.817183,0.00006969978,0.1813845,0.0004461668,0.0001935667,0.0005398024,0.0000669482,0.00009071403,0.0000255861],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9956152,0.000007419848,0.004172852,0.0000613357,0.000005098573,0.0001114787,0.000003605638,0.0000202218,0.000002781757],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1784322,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3648788,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4406420279","doi":"10.1680/jgele.24.00058","title":"A modified state parameter for identifying flow liquefaction in aeolian sand","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Géotechnique Letters","topic":"Aeolian processes and effects","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Liquefaction; Aeolian processes; Geology; Geotechnical engineering; Flow (mathematics); State (computer science); Geomorphology; Mathematics; Geometry; Algorithm","authors":[{"name":"Wendong Xu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Xuefeng Li","is_ca":false},{"name":"Sheng Zeng","is_ca":true},{"name":"Zhenghui Tang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Xilin Lü","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01706348739063794,"gpt":0.2565179908449192,"spread":0.2394545034542812,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002794748,0.0001301097,0.0001608928,0.0002137167,0.0000894449,0.0000720029,0.0001447084,0.00008740393,0.00003516424],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000483743,0.0001220198,0.0000613762,0.0002902551,0.00004080478,0.000218172,0.000009341759,0.0001797178,0.00001185543],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001462338,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002529089,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001270869,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001215872,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990777,0.00004397989,0.0001937834,0.0002716043,0.00008926426,0.0003236934],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995917,0.0001532093,0.00005130158,0.0001452703,0.00001501454,0.00004348667],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001060627,0.00006129996,0.07395676,0.001758089,0.000100472,0.0001213174,0.001229193,0.2332814,0.01381989,0.0001534894,0.03379732,0.6406602],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001567623,0.0002079414,0.1580319,0.0006199159,0.00004209159,0.00001546434,0.00005109,0.7537807,0.04525848,0.03172357,0.007895615,0.0008055466],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.659432,0.00008855294,0.3348953,0.004089845,0.0002581998,0.0006832074,0.00002680789,0.0001269778,0.0003991117],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9856555,0.00002832404,0.009009206,0.005072734,0.00003278108,0.0000392542,0.00004228784,0.000004827094,0.0001150874],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6398546,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4975822,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2032887332","doi":"10.1680/geolett.11.00022","title":"Evaluating seismic source mechanism with phasor analysis","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Géotechnique Letters","topic":"earthquake and tectonic studies","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Laurentian University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Australian Centre for Geomechanics","keywords":"Phasor; Seismology; Geology; Population; Mechanism (biology); Seismic analysis; Geotechnical engineering; Electric power system; Power (physics); Physics","authors":[{"name":"M. Hudyma","is_ca":true},{"name":"D. Beneteau","is_ca":true},{"name":"Yves Potvin","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02755577720320496,"gpt":0.2590744830658563,"spread":0.2315187058626514,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005884317,0.0001695056,0.000231718,0.0001943918,0.0002179607,0.00003320393,0.0001577988,0.00005948718,0.0008321187],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002004271,0.0001266185,0.0001028608,0.0006641016,0.00006917147,0.000189274,0.00001371713,0.0001951802,0.0001198689],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000006600822,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001166852,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00122044,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003211691,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986974,0.00009274061,0.000157908,0.0002334126,0.0003178975,0.0005006279],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994203,0.0001138377,0.00009242238,0.0002530369,0.00001926307,0.0001011717],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008532217,0.00004858328,0.7582725,0.00003745446,0.001441923,0.00002721497,0.001768469,0.01799367,0.005249171,0.0001455098,0.001557507,0.2133726],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001250392,0.0008242466,0.8928972,0.00008463676,0.002570458,0.0001602111,0.0006124587,0.05847787,0.02717274,0.0006863021,0.01340684,0.001856671],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8583546,0.0002100045,0.1383805,0.001445743,0.00006476569,0.000198195,0.000009267333,0.0002340917,0.001102857],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9794948,0.00001347158,0.01607065,0.004151277,0.0001278978,0.000008034805,0.000026879,0.000006318595,0.0001006688],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2115159,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9111117,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4403471081","doi":"10.1680/jgele.24.00025","title":"State parameter predictions based on cone penetration test simulated with MPM: an application to tailing deposits","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Géotechnique Letters","topic":"Geotechnical Engineering and Soil Mechanics","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"","keywords":"Cone penetration test; Penetration (warfare); Penetration test; Geology; Environmental science; Geotechnical engineering; Materials science; Engineering; Operations research","authors":[{"name":"Mario Martinelli","is_ca":true},{"name":"Guido Remmerswaal","is_ca":false},{"name":"David Reid","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.004716466562993085,"gpt":0.1992881827938089,"spread":0.1945717162308159,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001240729,0.0001939486,0.0001239059,0.0002194134,0.00004725437,0.00008813999,0.0001137986,0.0001197604,0.000002468844],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000229894,0.0001887442,0.00003287872,0.0004697994,0.00001177371,0.0001114412,0.000007915076,0.0003736686,0.0000211697],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001156885,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000113274,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002110253,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001385659,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990892,0.00001430174,0.0001873936,0.0002919653,0.0001765408,0.0002406134],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993955,0.0001154706,0.00001245985,0.0003352968,0.00002459363,0.0001166811],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005441568,0.00001648496,0.000003392325,0.00004487817,0.000009214364,0.00001096586,0.00003587278,0.8754941,0.113404,0.00001954891,0.0001048409,0.01085136],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00008562009,0.0002317882,0.0001260864,0.000138544,0.00001800036,0.000005812503,0.000002134843,0.9532816,0.04523291,0.000036175,0.0006195986,0.0002217529],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1350825,0.000007818217,0.8600472,0.0006968415,0.00007598142,0.0004774047,0.00001763738,0.003570704,0.00002390272],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9806526,0.000003443862,0.01828066,0.0006815134,0.00004400825,0.0001964245,0.00005882415,0.00007587535,0.000006623118],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8455701,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7696763,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4285007183","doi":"10.1680/jgele.21.00069","title":"Visualization of pile penetration using mechanoluminescent-coated particles","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Géotechnique Letters","topic":"Rock Mechanics and Modeling","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Royal Military College of Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Pile; Materials science; Penetration (warfare); Wedge (geometry); Contact force; Digital image correlation; Granular material; Displacement (psychology); Structural engineering; Optics; Geotechnical engineering; Composite material; Engineering; Physics; Classical mechanics","authors":[{"name":"Ayumu Kondo","is_ca":false},{"name":"Daiki Takano","is_ca":false},{"name":"Eiji KOHAMA","is_ca":false},{"name":"Richard J. Bathurst","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01833786391753602,"gpt":0.2300334576159267,"spread":0.2116955936983906,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001431316,0.00007978475,0.00009413568,0.0001154579,0.00009349484,0.000009249096,0.00008705513,0.00003094714,0.00002979152],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000004616858,0.0001007418,0.00003353482,0.0002376608,0.00000475486,0.00007031309,0.00004135511,0.00008778788,5.279008e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008857629,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007823341,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003561174,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002599398,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993724,0.00002935451,0.0001978841,0.0001044559,0.0001548514,0.0001410096],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997814,0.000006003044,0.00004684934,0.0001263196,0.00001860626,0.00002083362],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000002872566,0.000008390034,0.00001377091,0.00001938064,0.000005304207,0.000001219698,0.0000872956,0.2044775,0.7944549,0.0003805678,0.0002338116,0.0003149508],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00005779689,0.00001300839,0.00000374362,0.000007429218,0.000006297087,0.00000310565,0.0000196132,0.4957885,0.5037783,0.00009467349,0.0001603594,0.00006720323],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.52304,0.0000176228,0.4764987,0.00004974594,0.00008846244,0.0001125014,0.000003165218,0.0001795234,0.00001032637],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9958805,0.000009112064,0.003782035,0.0002087706,0.00002336592,0.00004052517,0.00002300558,0.00003067811,0.000002008807],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4728405,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.410813,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4404433101","doi":"10.1680/jgele.24.00047","title":"DEM simulation of the compression of crushable sand: does the initial particle shape matter?","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Géotechnique Letters","topic":"Geotechnical Engineering and Soil Mechanics","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Argonne National Laboratory; Army Research Office; Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative; U.S. Department of Energy; Office of Science; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Ellipsoid; Computer science; Rendering (computer graphics); Compression (physics); Particle (ecology); SPHERES; Algorithm; Geology; Artificial intelligence; Materials science; Engineering; Composite material; Aerospace engineering","authors":[{"name":"Dae‐Shik Seo","is_ca":false},{"name":"Julie P. Harmon","is_ca":false},{"name":"José E. Andrade","is_ca":false},{"name":"Giuseppe Buscarnera","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01005415457015554,"gpt":0.2318517884839265,"spread":0.221797633913771,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001562828,0.0001006767,0.000120225,0.00003248532,0.00003391029,0.00001706063,0.0002150816,0.00008724169,0.00003534527],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001534209,0.00005527426,0.00008533145,0.0002114963,0.00004379627,0.00005753867,0.00005443355,0.0002575995,0.000005454984],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002031843,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004841452,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001569587,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":6.639608e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993544,0.00002847853,0.0002246023,0.00009615916,0.0001509908,0.0001453894],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999537,0.0001240875,0.00002482739,0.0002816612,0.00001302026,0.00001942175],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000002785516,0.0000063414,0.0000133148,0.0001640367,0.00001644319,0.000001390673,0.0001088464,0.7436969,0.24462,0.0001679648,0.0008987813,0.01030311],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003664952,0.000007088037,0.0001683946,0.0001681716,0.000012596,0.00000157643,0.000005185635,0.7121495,0.2860643,0.0002844618,0.00104336,0.00005879012],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6861182,0.0001540453,0.3105975,0.001747209,0.000442233,0.000273634,0.00001586178,0.0005394807,0.0001117583],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991477,0.000009361988,0.0005162859,0.0002274298,0.00004190858,0.00002263492,0.000001279026,0.00002496984,0.000008472596],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3130294,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2254019,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4416912014","doi":"10.1680/jgele.25.00039","title":"Effects of cross-correlations between soil properties on pullout capacity of strip anchors","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Géotechnique Letters","topic":"Geotechnical Engineering and Soil Mechanics","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Dalhousie University; Colorado School of Mines","keywords":"Submarine pipeline; Standard deviation; Shear strength (soil); Probabilistic analysis of algorithms; Range (aeronautics); Finite element method; Friction angle; Probabilistic logic","authors":[{"name":"Yipeng Xie","is_ca":false},{"name":"Pengpeng He","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.00987343242738549,"gpt":0.2098855624900947,"spread":0.2000121300627092,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001452016,0.0001737784,0.0003011893,0.0002223972,0.00003333375,0.00001086722,0.0002086387,0.0002242599,0.000001143911],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000119224,0.0001717732,0.0001073789,0.0003415305,0.00008136557,0.00005884877,0.00003093419,0.0004292911,0.000002207982],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006642273,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000113764,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004893221,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001087958,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991325,0.00002171717,0.0003287475,0.0001508904,0.0001499993,0.0002161289],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994674,0.0001098387,0.00004608719,0.0003001408,0.00003913696,0.00003736869],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001003029,0.00005563471,0.0003754327,0.001887578,0.0001235648,0.000003217104,0.0001171606,0.3679849,0.6160355,0.001578178,0.0007938042,0.01103508],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002162121,0.00005511077,0.004458136,0.0005804554,0.00003855382,4.25066e-7,0.000002338629,0.02213772,0.971648,0.0004366722,0.0002452701,0.0001810699],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7147228,0.00005635271,0.2839855,0.0001468341,0.0001711112,0.0002718072,0.00001192398,0.0004937373,0.000140016],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9981383,0.00001566395,0.0016101,0.00008871342,0.00002720881,0.00006308223,0.000003622746,0.00002503768,0.00002826134],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3556126,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7004709,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4415808725","doi":"10.1680/jgele.24.00152","title":"Effect of saturation procedures on direct simple shear testing of silt tailings","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Géotechnique Letters","topic":"Geotechnical Engineering and Soil Mechanics","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Future Earth","funders":"","keywords":"Shearing (physics); Tailings; Silt; Saturation (graph theory); Direct shear test; Soil water; Shear (geology); Brittleness","authors":[{"name":"David Reid","is_ca":true},{"name":"Riccardo Fanni","is_ca":false},{"name":"F. Urbina","is_ca":false},{"name":"Andy Fourie","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.003742327337695409,"gpt":0.2097860655783913,"spread":0.2060437382406959,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002930459,0.0001588699,0.0002706261,0.0001837896,0.00002225833,0.000006840774,0.0001388127,0.0001439093,0.000001520203],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005044161,0.0001510106,0.00007143781,0.0004220262,0.00002295486,0.00003517773,0.00002244499,0.000261233,9.802479e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000368552,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000100674,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002753644,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":8.145368e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992652,0.00002778788,0.0002599845,0.0001443514,0.0001263698,0.0001763252],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993716,0.0002979836,0.00004233898,0.0002366043,0.00002744371,0.00002398284],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001912479,0.00001082719,0.00001707916,0.001213874,0.00002496859,0.000002092056,0.00002143885,0.2157501,0.7477638,0.0001801541,0.001188257,0.03380826],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001257902,0.0001852084,0.00007917549,0.0004000985,0.00001994071,0.00000108844,0.000001742942,0.08660375,0.9121425,0.00009826202,0.0002261363,0.0001163137],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8629012,0.00007521082,0.133328,0.0002374321,0.0001641009,0.0005438537,0.000007423041,0.001419301,0.001323573],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9955137,0.000007664255,0.004257155,0.0001179134,0.00001853381,0.00004866059,0.000004498835,0.00002453525,0.000007322129],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1643786,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6158032,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4417156177","doi":"10.1680/jgele.25.00030","title":"Scalp-and-replacement of oversize particles on internal stability erosion assessment","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Géotechnique Letters","topic":"Erosion and Abrasive Machining","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; BC Hydro (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Permeameter; Internal erosion; Erosion; Flow (mathematics); Stability (learning theory)","authors":[{"name":"Maoxin Li","is_ca":true},{"name":"R. J. Fannin","is_ca":true},{"name":"Mark Foster","is_ca":false},{"name":"Le Yan","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.009149578631437415,"gpt":0.2669850664741666,"spread":0.2578354878427292,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003699371,0.00009931023,0.0001179437,0.00003543861,0.00007297207,0.00001509793,0.0001307831,0.00003803224,0.0004001466],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003900876,0.00008609806,0.00004354289,0.0001038734,0.0001751012,0.00005975964,0.0002585264,0.0001642978,0.000007419945],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000159113,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004765705,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001995636,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001864137,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991141,0.00008500795,0.000191494,0.0002543553,0.0002063319,0.0001487221],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995623,0.0001062211,0.00006919337,0.0002154865,0.000003293307,0.00004352025],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004701827,0.00006770797,0.2295939,0.00001265872,0.000003703585,0.000001090052,0.00006594776,0.00005640859,0.7613422,0.0004416046,0.003231265,0.005136502],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003796935,0.000135596,0.3697576,0.000108787,0.000009526256,6.54949e-7,0.00005615106,0.0006117316,0.627211,0.0004488843,0.001170018,0.0001103055],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9639599,0.000002580242,0.0266705,0.006539413,0.00005715097,0.0002074045,0.000002802705,0.00004891195,0.0025113],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9898739,0.000004947101,0.003814294,0.006241489,0.000004353761,0.00001980563,0.000001088957,0.000004554195,0.00003554302],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1401637,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4381325,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4417364042","doi":"10.1680/jgele.25.00035","title":"Morphology-driven saturated hydraulic conductivity in hydrophobised sands","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Géotechnique Letters","topic":"Landfill Environmental Impact Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"University of Hong Kong","keywords":"Hydraulic conductivity; Particle (ecology); Particle size; Wax; Conductivity; Soil water","authors":[{"name":"Xin Xing","is_ca":false},{"name":"Yunesh Saulick","is_ca":true},{"name":"Sérgio D. N. Lourenço","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.006981399437595938,"gpt":0.2321661863457598,"spread":0.2251847869081639,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001792687,0.0002275646,0.0002648575,0.0001156816,0.000108464,0.00001735312,0.0002811763,0.000144733,0.0003756384],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003360962,0.000207452,0.00006256875,0.0005336194,0.0004919094,0.0001854867,0.000387039,0.0003704908,0.0001516283],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006146783,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000005465501,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008173764,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005633972,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998629,0.000103993,0.0002339559,0.0004425767,0.0001691058,0.0004213058],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994505,0.00005236352,0.0000679935,0.0003727565,0.000001366378,0.00005499091],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002707906,0.00006642991,0.101193,0.000005488997,0.00001356166,0.00006540045,0.0001281014,0.001032094,0.8805245,0.000004819171,0.01607488,0.0008646711],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001300641,0.00007036165,0.5822651,0.00005406759,0.00002580883,0.00002617763,0.00002699708,0.000665904,0.4100758,0.0007025645,0.004253748,0.0005328138],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9778031,0.00001750369,0.001458511,0.01293998,0.0001129164,0.0004656359,0.000005863085,0.0001600433,0.007036465],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9863327,0.0000320648,0.001484633,0.0118412,0.00001113917,0.00009538319,0.000009209119,0.00001622824,0.0001774206],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4810721,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8459646,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3198459036","doi":"10.1680/jgele.21.00016","title":"The pyrite heave problem: new insights from trace-element analysis","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Géotechnique Letters","topic":"Rock Mechanics and Modeling","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Golder Associates (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Pyrite; Trace element; Sedimentary depositional environment; Geology; Sedimentary rock; Geotechnical engineering; Discrete element method; Mineralogy; Mining engineering; Geochemistry; Geomorphology; Structural basin","authors":[{"name":"M. I. Ryskin","is_ca":true},{"name":"Michael Maher","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008812249686857277,"gpt":0.1993723500529298,"spread":0.1905601003660725,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007878624,0.000159397,0.0001883415,0.00008626275,0.0001373089,0.00009413934,0.0001851462,0.00008486267,0.00002472361],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000005415641,0.0001341737,0.0001604336,0.0004373977,0.000006978297,0.00006474188,0.00005360107,0.0002613401,0.000008592464],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007887851,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001991476,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002190587,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005055932,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990335,0.00002815879,0.0002602174,0.000236984,0.000184651,0.0002565075],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993922,0.00003931729,0.00003206834,0.0004282349,0.00002534938,0.00008280041],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005928146,0.00001558268,0.00001213709,0.00001902249,0.0009297436,0.00007297921,0.0008200467,0.2593662,0.6874242,0.001606929,0.02359772,0.0261296],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002661286,0.00001441309,0.00005305147,0.00005660537,0.000375644,0.000003659856,0.0000946665,0.3468342,0.4819813,0.007006361,0.1628285,0.0004853707],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.06904762,0.001399517,0.9223469,0.006221639,0.0001508116,0.0001867551,0.00000654853,0.0004065588,0.0002336198],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.952938,0.000721837,0.04372959,0.001988217,0.0002532479,0.00008399189,0.00004595472,0.00006067058,0.0001784658],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8838904,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5471445,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}