{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":64,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":1,"predictions_cover":64,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12","author_layer_release":"2026-06-26"},"query_hash":"692a467754ba","filters":{"venue":"GCB Bioenergy"}},"results":[{"id":"W2304616300","doi":"10.1111/gcbb.12357","title":"Progress in upscaling <i>Miscanthus</i> biomass production for the European bio‐economy with seed‐based hybrids","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"GCB Bioenergy","topic":"Bioenergy crop production and management","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":185,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"PotashCorp (Canada)","funders":"Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council; Directorate for Biological Sciences; Natural Environment Research Council; Sight Research UK; Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, UK Government","keywords":"Miscanthus; Hybrid; Biomass (ecology); Energy crop; Agronomy; Bioenergy; Agroforestry; Biology; Environmental science; Biotechnology; Biofuel","authors":[{"name":"Astley Hastings","is_ca":false},{"name":"Michał Mos","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jon McCalmont","is_ca":false},{"name":"Chris Ashman","is_ca":false},{"name":"Danny Awty‐Carroll","is_ca":false},{"name":"Joanna Cerazy‐Waliszewska","is_ca":false},{"name":"Yu‐Chung Chiang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Salvatore L. Cosentino","is_ca":false},{"name":"William Cracroft‐Eley","is_ca":false},{"name":"J. M. O. Scurlock","is_ca":false},{"name":"Iain Donnison","is_ca":false},{"name":"Chris N. Glover","is_ca":false},{"name":"Izabela Gołąb","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jörg Michael Greef","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jeff Gwyn","is_ca":false},{"name":"Graham Harding","is_ca":false},{"name":"Charlotte Hayes","is_ca":false},{"name":"Waldemar Helios","is_ca":false},{"name":"Tsai‐Wen Hsu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Lin Huang","is_ca":false},{"name":"S. Jeżowski","is_ca":false},{"name":"Do‐Soon Kim","is_ca":false},{"name":"Andreas Kiesel","is_ca":false},{"name":"A. Kotecki","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jacek Krzyżak","is_ca":false},{"name":"Iris Lewandowski","is_ca":false},{"name":"Soo Hyun Lim","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jianxiu Liu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Marc Loosely","is_ca":false},{"name":"Heike Meyer","is_ca":false},{"name":"Donal Murphy‐Bokern","is_ca":false},{"name":"W. W. Nelson","is_ca":false},{"name":"Marta Pogrzeba","is_ca":false},{"name":"George Robinson","is_ca":false},{"name":"P. R. H. Robson","is_ca":false},{"name":"C. E. Rogers","is_ca":false},{"name":"Giovanni Scalici","is_ca":false},{"name":"Heinrich Schuele","is_ca":true},{"name":"Reza Shafiei","is_ca":false},{"name":"О. М. Шевчук","is_ca":false},{"name":"Kai‐Uwe Schwarz","is_ca":false},{"name":"Michael Squance","is_ca":false},{"name":"Tim Swaller","is_ca":false},{"name":"Judith Thornton","is_ca":false},{"name":"Thomas Truckses","is_ca":false},{"name":"Vasile Botnari","is_ca":false},{"name":"Igor Vizir","is_ca":false},{"name":"Moritz Wagner","is_ca":false},{"name":"Robin David Warren","is_ca":false},{"name":"Richard Webster","is_ca":false},{"name":"Toshihiko Yamada","is_ca":false},{"name":"Sue Youell","is_ca":false},{"name":"Qingguo Xi","is_ca":false},{"name":"Junqin Zong","is_ca":false},{"name":"R. B. Flavell","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01465180377416722,"gpt":0.1972111944107731,"spread":0.1825593906366059,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002243291,0.0006697173,0.0003710195,0.0009005329,0.0003198113,0.001270309,0.001086977,0.000472609,0.001301616],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008118612,0.0001964205,0.0005821929,0.0007896323,0.000319686,0.0007592953,0.001003116,0.0005102937,0.0004778147],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008447475,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004499618,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00157728,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002191974,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994034,0.0001365764,0.00004843511,0.0001921479,0.0001621095,0.00005733449],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99933,0.0001280593,0.0001448581,0.000124017,0.0001403531,0.0001327445],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002328969,0.0001305467,0.006497063,0.0002301314,0.00009434842,0.0001700098,0.0001137155,0.004635154,0.9412969,0.0004846787,0.000171456,0.04594305],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001033888,0.003789373,0.07681337,0.000129563,0.0003668697,0.000617463,0.0004159661,0.01091189,0.8622362,0.0006383249,0.04387736,0.0001001679],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9515383,0.002947742,0.03842293,0.0001927706,0.00005179436,0.0002436314,0.0005911246,0.0006660476,0.00534561],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9373742,0.0013509,0.05774727,0.00009215811,0.00001469532,0.0001355169,0.001388847,0.0001987356,0.001697589],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.002243291,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01186383,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2495443532","doi":"10.1111/gcbb.12389","title":"Estimating product and energy substitution benefits in national‐scale mitigation analyses for Canada","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"GCB Bioenergy","topic":"Environmental Impact and Sustainability","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":127,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Natural Resources Canada; Canadian Forest Service","funders":"Government of Canada; Australian Government; Strong","keywords":"Bioenergy; Greenhouse gas; Raw material; Environmental science; Life-cycle assessment; Renewable energy; Fossil fuel; Energy supply; Product (mathematics); Natural resource economics; Production (economics); Waste management; Biofuel; Engineering; Economics; Energy (signal processing); Ecology; Mathematics","authors":[{"name":"C. Smyth","is_ca":true},{"name":"G. J. Rampley","is_ca":true},{"name":"Tony C. Lemprière","is_ca":true},{"name":"Olaf Schwab","is_ca":true},{"name":"Werner A. Kurz","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01565142478496849,"gpt":0.257391890037374,"spread":0.2417404652524055,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001154665,0.0007352512,0.0005260762,0.001904461,0.001255797,0.0008790436,0.0008286815,0.0002746521,0.00112606],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00185556,0.0002942959,0.001450606,0.004333549,0.000477498,0.0004031227,0.0005804454,0.0004811294,0.00008793269],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.04911468,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.03446735,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9940547,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.995375,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992728,0.00008943167,0.00002427843,0.0001105995,0.0003166183,0.0001862748],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989536,0.0001473595,0.00007681669,0.00005228401,0.0007157068,0.00005422593],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004831999,0.0001641699,0.3865758,0.0004106627,0.001470607,0.0002151307,0.0002458546,0.5410603,0.004492777,0.0055557,0.003360969,0.055965],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009295066,0.0001439983,0.6126714,0.0001043554,0.0007818952,0.00006624645,0.001462631,0.3585783,0.005909949,0.00242052,0.01764627,0.0001214979],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9772396,0.001039235,0.006112571,0.0002304829,0.00001153392,0.0001637024,0.009608308,0.0001049241,0.005489622],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9845341,0.0005006434,0.00883598,0.00005740201,0.000002584434,0.00004926048,0.00444521,0.0000215758,0.001553228],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.04911468,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3563536,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3163317023","doi":"10.1111/gcbb.12844","title":"Applying a science‐based systems perspective to dispel misconceptions about climate effects of forest bioenergy","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"GCB Bioenergy","topic":"Forest Management and Policy","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":125,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Bioenergy Technologies Office; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Sight Research UK; Koneen Säätiö; UT-Battelle; Battelle; Natural Environment Research Council; U.S. Department of Energy","keywords":"Bioenergy; Perspective (graphical); Climate change; Environmental science; Agroforestry; Natural resource economics; Biofuel; Ecology; Economics; Computer science; Biology","authors":[{"name":"Annette Cowie","is_ca":false},{"name":"Göran Berndes","is_ca":false},{"name":"Niclas Scott Bentsen","is_ca":false},{"name":"Miguel Brandão","is_ca":false},{"name":"Francesco Cherubini","is_ca":false},{"name":"Gustaf Egnell","is_ca":false},{"name":"Brendan George","is_ca":false},{"name":"Leif Gustavsson","is_ca":false},{"name":"Marc Hanewinkel","is_ca":false},{"name":"Zoe M. Harris","is_ca":false},{"name":"Filip Johnsson","is_ca":false},{"name":"Martin Junginger","is_ca":false},{"name":"Keith L. Kline","is_ca":false},{"name":"Kati Koponen","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jaap Koppejan","is_ca":false},{"name":"Florian Kraxner","is_ca":false},{"name":"Patrick Lamers","is_ca":false},{"name":"Stefan Majer","is_ca":false},{"name":"Eric Marland","is_ca":false},{"name":"G.J. Nabuurs","is_ca":false},{"name":"Luc Pelkmans","is_ca":false},{"name":"Roger Sathre","is_ca":false},{"name":"Marcus Schaub","is_ca":false},{"name":"C. Tattersall Smith","is_ca":true},{"name":"Sampo Soimakallio","is_ca":false},{"name":"Floor van der Hilst","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jeremy Woods","is_ca":false},{"name":"Fabiano Ximenes","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.009198492700053039,"gpt":0.258415980693147,"spread":0.249217487993094,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.02431094,0.001439366,0.001477761,0.004097731,0.003071197,0.01200598,0.004053583,0.004074861,0.006841632],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01996552,0.0006172666,0.0018588,0.002794394,0.02546258,0.01053162,0.006110128,0.00808807,0.000454388],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.01229217,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00823676,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006393759,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006668603,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9885536,0.008246506,0.0003622766,0.0009463998,0.001455277,0.0004359112],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9475548,0.04358677,0.001963895,0.002993575,0.003177112,0.0007237985],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001300199,0.00003897427,0.0008597151,0.0002109519,0.00006111769,0.0001246357,0.0008857953,0.01654155,0.0001860277,0.9740518,0.001071571,0.005954897],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000008528386,0.00003050724,0.000330652,0.000173594,0.000021526,0.00003447845,0.0006828376,0.01019994,0.0002053797,0.9757692,0.01252884,0.00001458318],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.0417101,0.01143501,0.6430009,0.129188,0.002448682,0.0003366049,0.0005243885,0.0002554772,0.1711008],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8993134,0.006001394,0.08350503,0.005843046,0.001165438,0.0004331818,0.0001327915,0.0001091803,0.003496498],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.02431094,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1285701,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2113476024","doi":"10.1111/gcbb.12211","title":"Soil and greenhouse gas responses to biochar additions in a temperate hardwood forest","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"GCB Bioenergy","topic":"Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":113,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Laurentian University; University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Ontario Centres of Excellence","keywords":"Biochar; Phosphorus; Environmental science; Agronomy; Soil water; Cambisol; Chemistry; Pyrolysis; Soil science; Biology","authors":[{"name":"Tara E. Sackett","is_ca":true},{"name":"Nathan Basiliko","is_ca":true},{"name":"Genevieve L. Noyce","is_ca":true},{"name":"Carolyn Winsborough","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jonathan S. Schurman","is_ca":true},{"name":"Chihiro Ikeda","is_ca":true},{"name":"Sean C. Thomas","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01399702895183955,"gpt":0.2091610147610923,"spread":0.1951639858092528,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000244949,0.0003822411,0.0003120876,0.0003792336,0.0006390869,0.0005437559,0.000398732,0.0002451794,0.0004610058],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002514465,0.0002013395,0.0002164532,0.0003732391,0.0003112211,0.0002177187,0.0002148691,0.0002717548,0.00008338329],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.004370323,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001643718,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.4130995,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.6636621,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997846,0.00001814554,0.00001339656,0.00006753767,0.00005371412,0.00006262108],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995004,0.00005627988,0.00009107516,0.00001716354,0.0001458492,0.0001892427],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.004217527,0.0005459895,0.1951858,0.0001460111,0.0001066129,0.0004091751,0.0004419253,0.0007352128,0.7921005,0.00002854614,0.0001428196,0.005939836],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003794771,0.0008672436,0.9763311,0.000005264436,0.0000315077,0.00005049689,0.0004597955,0.000785139,0.02091678,0.00001452323,0.0004907791,0.00000939707],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.999684,0.0000456431,0.00002925003,0.00000500055,0.00000153008,0.00001066846,0.0001017399,0.000002775914,0.0001193713],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986553,0.00008162882,0.0003348908,0.00002909952,0.000002356954,0.0000210033,0.000344444,0.000002758035,0.0005284092],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4130995,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.82139,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2158523516","doi":"10.1111/gcbb.12249","title":"Changes in soil carbon stocks under perennial and annual bioenergy crops","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"GCB Bioenergy","topic":"Bioenergy crop production and management","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":102,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Impact","funders":"","keywords":"Perennial plant; Miscanthus; Environmental science; Agronomy; Arable land; Soil carbon; Bioenergy; Biomass (ecology); Agroforestry; Greenhouse gas; Agriculture; Biology; Soil water; Biofuel; Soil science; Ecology","authors":[{"name":"Fabien Ferchaud","is_ca":true},{"name":"Guillaume Vitte","is_ca":true},{"name":"Bruno Mary","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02762635890226615,"gpt":0.2184940056265958,"spread":0.1908676467243296,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002692424,0.0001960955,0.0001505747,0.0004543905,0.0001616099,0.0003243796,0.0001799614,0.0001590772,0.0005088925],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002121443,0.00008433514,0.0001332453,0.0003172386,0.0001631719,0.0003629612,0.0001993059,0.0001532435,0.00007514932],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004326327,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001241296,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002825443,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004336025,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999171,0.00001182018,0.000009070716,0.0000267289,0.00001518292,0.00002007014],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996241,0.00006837965,0.0001432548,0.00002564229,0.00005883607,0.00007969044],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001113471,0.0001515286,0.4093978,0.0001242126,0.0001687271,0.0001602819,0.0002527511,0.001467453,0.5757611,0.0001031468,0.00006573854,0.01123376],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003210663,0.0001674613,0.9928764,0.000001450367,0.00001091408,0.00002884335,0.00006884729,0.0005009178,0.006211625,0.00001956421,0.0001076877,0.000003043264],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9997775,0.00003195745,0.00003186296,0.000001113431,4.415128e-7,9.885291e-7,0.00007443607,0.000001455276,0.00008022572],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995874,0.00002693715,0.00007175464,0.000003427197,8.104891e-7,0.000003733519,0.0001904654,6.633466e-7,0.0001147557],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.002825443,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005617976,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2238481314","doi":"10.1111/gcbb.12338","title":"Bioenergy production and sustainable development: science base for policymaking remains limited","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"GCB Bioenergy","topic":"Biofuel production and bioconversion","field":"Engineering","cited_by":99,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"Ciência sem Fronteiras; Svenska Forskningsrådet Formas; Stiftung Mercator Schweiz; Seventh Framework Programme; Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada; Stiftung Mercator; European Research Council; Vetenskapsrådet; Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften; Vlaamse Interuniversitaire Raad; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico; European Commission","keywords":"Bioenergy; Production (economics); Sustainable development; Biofuel; Natural resource economics; Environmental science; Business; Engineering; Economics; Biology; Waste management; Ecology","authors":[{"name":"Carmenza Robledo‐Abad","is_ca":false},{"name":"Hans‐Jörg Althaus","is_ca":false},{"name":"Göran Berndes","is_ca":false},{"name":"Simon Bolwig","is_ca":false},{"name":"Esteve Corbera","is_ca":false},{"name":"Felix Creutzig","is_ca":false},{"name":"John Garcia‐Ulloa","is_ca":false},{"name":"Anna Geddes","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jay Sterling Gregg","is_ca":false},{"name":"Helmut Haberl","is_ca":false},{"name":"Susanne Hanger-Kopp","is_ca":false},{"name":"R.J. Harper","is_ca":false},{"name":"Carol Hunsberger","is_ca":true},{"name":"Rasmus Kløcker Larsen","is_ca":false},{"name":"Christian Lauk","is_ca":false},{"name":"Stefan Leitner","is_ca":false},{"name":"Johan Lilliestam","is_ca":false},{"name":"Hermann Lotze‐Campen","is_ca":false},{"name":"Bart Muys","is_ca":false},{"name":"Maria Nordborg","is_ca":false},{"name":"Maria Ölund","is_ca":false},{"name":"Boris Orlowsky","is_ca":false},{"name":"Alexander Popp","is_ca":false},{"name":"Joana Portugal‐Pereira","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jürgen Reinhard","is_ca":false},{"name":"Lena Scheiffle","is_ca":false},{"name":"Pete Smith","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03382625435945029,"gpt":0.2757655772429557,"spread":0.2419393228835054,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01590179,0.001323448,0.003793751,0.005317931,0.001156412,0.006956967,0.00234301,0.005818947,0.01114087],"category_scores_gemma":[0.03889578,0.0007129622,0.002349802,0.008787553,0.003842525,0.0105039,0.004140316,0.007204728,0.003277595],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.003806113,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.02379213,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004374276,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005431642,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9936457,0.00269068,0.000936397,0.000726883,0.001714865,0.00028564],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9245011,0.06302965,0.003261945,0.002067398,0.00633359,0.0008062722],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009606394,0.00009055745,0.0004627302,0.1285429,0.0005946903,0.0002240143,0.0005643421,0.001105917,0.0008464764,0.07345674,0.03983614,0.7541794],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002735745,0.00005753839,0.00092522,0.1713524,0.0006486312,0.000264602,0.001197814,0.0003179072,0.0004253148,0.06296661,0.7617673,0.00004926347],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0001289655,0.985931,0.0005006994,0.01052827,0.0007430676,0.00001397361,0.00005536175,0.000008557999,0.002089951],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.004183868,0.9911839,0.0009806451,0.002600832,0.0005922694,0.00003745659,0.00007440889,0.000006354344,0.0003402825],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01590179,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.08409768,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2121361681","doi":"10.1111/gcbb.12289","title":"Influence of corn, switchgrass, and prairie cropping systems on soil microbial communities in the upper Midwest of the United States","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"GCB Bioenergy","topic":"Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":92,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Office of Science; Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center; Joint Genome Institute; U.S. Department of Energy","keywords":"Agronomy; Microbial population biology; Biomass (ecology); Biology; Ecosystem; Environmental science; Ecology; Bacteria","authors":[{"name":"Ederson da Conceição Jesus","is_ca":false},{"name":"Chao Liang","is_ca":false},{"name":"John F. Quensen","is_ca":false},{"name":"Endang Susilawati","is_ca":true},{"name":"Randall D. Jackson","is_ca":false},{"name":"Teresa C. Balser","is_ca":false},{"name":"James M. Tiedje","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02520631378233867,"gpt":0.2149832482105441,"spread":0.1897769344282054,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005117205,0.0001478698,0.000164369,0.0003113731,0.0003045442,0.0005108166,0.0002513945,0.0001163705,0.000413894],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005778268,0.00009753155,0.0001381066,0.0004502959,0.000360982,0.0002249965,0.0004936984,0.0001764601,0.00003131244],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001091125,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006707145,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.1716057,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.3746824,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997038,0.00008209312,0.00001935712,0.00008759509,0.00003906057,0.00006810784],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993469,0.0001247692,0.0002413223,0.00004097713,0.00009333013,0.0001526676],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002731949,0.00007796293,0.9859172,0.00001583214,0.00008592082,0.00007217802,0.0003083261,0.0002547916,0.008170179,0.00006244284,0.00008077528,0.004681266],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000002263991,0.00003534979,0.999151,0.00000378681,0.00001068614,0.00001112853,0.0003323364,0.0001377214,0.0001971491,0.00001092857,0.0001062392,0.000001479258],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9997265,0.00005898216,0.00001868715,0.00001203772,6.459121e-7,0.000001345076,0.00007372701,7.689489e-7,0.0001073566],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996948,0.00005898519,0.00006205121,0.00001942111,6.960919e-7,0.000002992502,0.0001054714,5.582699e-7,0.0000549803],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1716057,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3412137,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2228013943","doi":"10.1111/gcbb.12327","title":"Range and uncertainties in estimating delays in greenhouse gas mitigation potential of forest bioenergy sourced from Canadian forests","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"GCB Bioenergy","topic":"Forest Management and Policy","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":84,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Université Laval; Natural Resources Canada; Canadian Forest Service","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Government of Canada","keywords":"Bioenergy; Greenhouse gas; Fossil fuel; Environmental science; Natural gas; Biofuel; Biomass (ecology); Carbon sequestration; Coal; Agroforestry; Ecology; Waste management; Engineering; Carbon dioxide; Biology","authors":[{"name":"Jérôme Laganière","is_ca":true},{"name":"David Paré","is_ca":true},{"name":"Évelyne Thiffault","is_ca":true},{"name":"Pierre Y. Bernier","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01062163328158794,"gpt":0.2101724926314961,"spread":0.1995508593499082,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003777324,0.0007205678,0.000369456,0.001289747,0.0007971138,0.001668607,0.001141093,0.0006318116,0.0008236655],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01438695,0.0004339087,0.0009452997,0.001514815,0.0007320414,0.0009108655,0.0006869428,0.0007449584,0.00006741496],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.01560506,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.007113096,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.8660859,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.7690548,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986038,0.0002546379,0.00008982749,0.0003552218,0.0004195062,0.0002770142],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9927331,0.004685798,0.0008586191,0.000322042,0.001229645,0.000170723],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003080729,0.00002886132,0.1163352,0.00006061301,0.0002263338,0.0001833267,0.0001143156,0.8719773,0.001472346,0.001918034,0.0002891415,0.007086407],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003482999,0.0001374435,0.2081945,0.00005905381,0.0001742795,0.00009609241,0.0006314895,0.7816164,0.004637944,0.002127744,0.002160343,0.0001297762],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9869826,0.0002838063,0.007693991,0.0001399487,0.000008957343,0.00005107171,0.002201088,0.00006236455,0.002576102],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9974962,0.00005593626,0.001414974,0.00001251194,0.000001457575,0.00001018251,0.0007448451,0.000005019091,0.00025895],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1339141,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2694054,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2111457051","doi":"10.1111/gcbb.12055","title":"Damaged forests provide an opportunity to mitigate climate change","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"GCB Bioenergy","topic":"Forest Management and Policy","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":84,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Government of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Resources Canada; FPInnovations; Universiteit Utrecht","keywords":"Environmental science; Slash (logging); Biomass (ecology); Bioenergy; Agroforestry; Logging; Carbon sequestration; Greenhouse gas; Climate change; Forestry; Agronomy; Ecology; Biofuel; Carbon dioxide; Geography; Biology","authors":[{"name":"Patrick Lamers","is_ca":false},{"name":"Martin Junginger","is_ca":false},{"name":"Caren C. Dymond","is_ca":true},{"name":"André Faaij","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03459833559872455,"gpt":0.2575276076247545,"spread":0.22292927202603,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002410365,0.0003923706,0.000267122,0.0004922497,0.001075165,0.001790325,0.0006267318,0.0006877047,0.01122588],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005053282,0.000133912,0.0002647288,0.0006745646,0.0004490953,0.0007747824,0.0008016519,0.0004610889,0.0009378314],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002056063,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001746463,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.1516706,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.3512728,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998466,0.00002309114,0.000005710167,0.00002488881,0.00003159362,0.00006808346],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999779,0.00001523929,0.00003213712,0.0000309811,0.00007023269,0.00007238462],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006397602,0.0003219501,0.27119,0.0005114969,0.0003675835,0.001395298,0.0007607897,0.5180035,0.0297977,0.02075611,0.0207792,0.1354766],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001310119,0.000369798,0.4776636,0.0003336838,0.000225891,0.0008173917,0.00541399,0.3222207,0.005657166,0.02136204,0.1656077,0.0001971004],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9165212,0.0007963233,0.007712822,0.0009705187,0.0001393031,0.00009347047,0.003255461,0.0004324455,0.07007843],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9939684,0.0001429597,0.001293225,0.00006921885,0.000007146919,0.00001619205,0.0004659602,0.00003253685,0.004004329],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1516706,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3015755,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2780619188","doi":"10.1111/gcbb.12498","title":"Poplar and shrub willow energy crops in the United States: field trial results from the multiyear regional feedstock partnership and yield potential maps based on the PRISM‐ELM model","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"GCB Bioenergy","topic":"Bioenergy crop production and management","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":81,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Bioenergy Technologies Office; Ministry of Natural Resources; New York State Energy Research and Development Authority; South Dakota State University; U.S. Department of Energy; University of Minnesota; U.S. Department of Agriculture","keywords":"Willow; Bioenergy; Biomass (ecology); Short rotation coppice; Agronomy; Environmental science; Agroforestry; Miscanthus; Woody plant; Shrub; Range (aeronautics); Energy crop; Biofuel; Biology; Botany; Ecology; Engineering","authors":[{"name":"Timothy A. Volk","is_ca":false},{"name":"Bill Berguson","is_ca":false},{"name":"Christopher Daly","is_ca":false},{"name":"Michael D. Halbleib","is_ca":false},{"name":"R O Miller","is_ca":false},{"name":"Timothy G. Rials","is_ca":false},{"name":"Lawrence P. Abrahamson","is_ca":false},{"name":"Dan Buchman","is_ca":false},{"name":"Marylin Buford","is_ca":false},{"name":"Michael Cunningham","is_ca":false},{"name":"Mark H. Eisenbies","is_ca":false},{"name":"Eric S. Fabio","is_ca":false},{"name":"Karl Hallen","is_ca":false},{"name":"Justin P Heavey","is_ca":false},{"name":"Gregg A. Johnson","is_ca":false},{"name":"Yulia A. Kuzovkina","is_ca":false},{"name":"Bo Liu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Bernie Mcmahon","is_ca":false},{"name":"Randy Rousseau","is_ca":false},{"name":"Shun Shi","is_ca":false},{"name":"Richard Shuren","is_ca":false},{"name":"Lawrence B. Smart","is_ca":false},{"name":"G. R. Stanosz","is_ca":false},{"name":"Brain Stanton","is_ca":false},{"name":"Bryce J. Stokes","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jeff Wright","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0653474014853282,"gpt":0.2364396646799515,"spread":0.1710922631946233,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003031342,0.0003332956,0.0003053315,0.0002430768,0.0001836269,0.0003137107,0.0005337275,0.0001995675,0.0005687962],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001743112,0.0001133588,0.0004714428,0.0004520635,0.0001836255,0.0005115289,0.0003606681,0.0002906168,0.00009460071],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009104789,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000457215,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02658638,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0462498,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995003,0.0002834371,0.00002420203,0.00008406695,0.00007947724,0.00002855611],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982165,0.001051638,0.0001764823,0.0001687213,0.0002967087,0.00009000485],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002573138,0.002305581,0.5872347,0.000224698,0.0007202682,0.0003409706,0.0004551365,0.3402879,0.01328562,0.001309507,0.003216821,0.04804558],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002681588,0.004504599,0.5763534,0.0000269678,0.0003327844,0.0001019714,0.0009775889,0.401823,0.01107654,0.001011995,0.003451571,0.00007161281],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9980139,0.00003586865,0.0007613541,0.00001670585,0.000001132276,0.00001960587,0.0006177536,0.00003456751,0.0004990556],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9964546,0.00003989344,0.001671931,0.0000148508,8.260542e-7,0.00003170392,0.001467336,0.00000984045,0.0003089597],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02658638,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.05286324,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2114400875","doi":"10.1111/gcbb.12128","title":"Soil and crop response to stover removal from rainfed and irrigated corn","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"GCB Bioenergy","topic":"Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":75,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Stover; Loam; Agronomy; Tillage; Corn stover; Environmental science; Soil water; Crop; Soil carbon; Biofuel; Soil science; Biology; Ecology","authors":[{"name":"Ian Kenney","is_ca":false},{"name":"Humberto Blanco‐Canqui","is_ca":false},{"name":"DeAnn Presley","is_ca":false},{"name":"Charles W. Rice","is_ca":false},{"name":"Keith A. Janssen","is_ca":false},{"name":"Brian Olson","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01104872141646868,"gpt":0.1966877512549192,"spread":0.1856390298384505,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000172686,0.000217926,0.0003076163,0.0001672343,0.0002018642,0.000295723,0.0002214671,0.0002445308,0.0004085478],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004302771,0.0001570142,0.0002448453,0.0001725273,0.0002208431,0.0001507846,0.0002091059,0.0003462371,0.00005798876],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005526986,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002934598,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01012861,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02101567,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998417,0.00002509758,0.00001527282,0.00003570298,0.00003734539,0.00004491167],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994541,0.00009673524,0.000218146,0.00002904086,0.00009583116,0.0001062256],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00463069,0.0008836798,0.2013188,0.0001028144,0.0002732351,0.0003648832,0.0003652498,0.001572178,0.7826855,0.00003103711,0.0001417144,0.007630364],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002223463,0.001893152,0.9810691,0.000003170764,0.00002443812,0.00006060109,0.0001668495,0.0009527745,0.01558647,0.00001424901,0.0001985525,0.000008330159],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9998847,0.00002213608,0.00001610985,0.000002462472,8.220222e-7,0.000002188602,0.00003078233,9.341741e-7,0.000039757],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994788,0.00003154151,0.00006667557,0.00002167107,0.000001216674,0.000006211827,0.0002288541,0.000001160538,0.0001640354],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01012861,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02013934,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2606523391","doi":"10.1111/gcbb.12445","title":"Status and prospects for renewable energy using wood pellets from the southeastern United States","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"GCB Bioenergy","topic":"Forest Management and Policy","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":69,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada; Canadian Forest Service; University of Toronto","funders":"Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Bioenergy Technologies Office; UT-Battelle; Battelle; Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council; U.S. Department of Energy","keywords":"Bioenergy; Business; Ecosystem services; Sustainability; Renewable energy; Certified wood; Forest management; Incentive; Natural resource economics; Context (archaeology); Agroforestry; Biodiversity; Environmental science; Agricultural economics; Environmental protection; Environmental resource management; Ecosystem; Geography; Economics; Engineering; Ecology","authors":[{"name":"Virginia H. Dale","is_ca":false},{"name":"Keith L. Kline","is_ca":false},{"name":"Esther S. Parish","is_ca":false},{"name":"Annette Cowie","is_ca":false},{"name":"Robert Emory","is_ca":false},{"name":"Robert W. Malmsheimer","is_ca":false},{"name":"Raphael Slade","is_ca":false},{"name":"C. Tattersall Smith","is_ca":true},{"name":"T. Bently Wigley","is_ca":false},{"name":"Niclas Scott Bentsen","is_ca":false},{"name":"Göran Berndes","is_ca":false},{"name":"Pierre Y. Bernier","is_ca":true},{"name":"Miguel Brandão","is_ca":false},{"name":"Helena L. Chum","is_ca":false},{"name":"Rocío Díaz‐Chavez","is_ca":false},{"name":"Gustaf Egnell","is_ca":false},{"name":"Leif Gustavsson","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jörg Schweinle","is_ca":false},{"name":"Inge Stupak","is_ca":false},{"name":"Paul Trianosky","is_ca":false},{"name":"Arnaldo Walter","is_ca":false},{"name":"Carly Whittaker","is_ca":false},{"name":"Mark Brown","is_ca":false},{"name":"G. M. Chescheir","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ioannis Dimitriou","is_ca":false},{"name":"Caspar Donnison","is_ca":false},{"name":"Alison Goss Eng","is_ca":false},{"name":"Kevin P. Hoyt","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jennifer C. Jenkins","is_ca":false},{"name":"Kristen Johnson","is_ca":false},{"name":"C. Levesque","is_ca":false},{"name":"Victoria Lockhart","is_ca":false},{"name":"M. Cristina Negri","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jami E. Nettles","is_ca":false},{"name":"Maria Wellisch","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02239962434843831,"gpt":0.2436650602218997,"spread":0.2212654358734614,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001300881,0.0001887953,0.0001874598,0.001206841,0.0004434471,0.001771782,0.0002675274,0.0005150952,0.004715484],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001262648,0.00007892807,0.0004446208,0.001792817,0.0003712387,0.0009814388,0.0007260332,0.0007477051,0.0004332027],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008608039,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002291558,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02514533,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.06058029,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997889,0.00004571756,0.00003474551,0.00002403017,0.00007471736,0.00003177532],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998033,0.0004819001,0.0004667492,0.0000389339,0.0007810974,0.0001984261],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002756053,0.0001551425,0.09171011,0.006830072,0.0002228064,0.0008422899,0.0007222495,0.0008418984,0.003528818,0.01695456,0.05645049,0.821466],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001486933,0.000298083,0.1888265,0.01306528,0.0002113238,0.0006869155,0.00400874,0.0006126748,0.001295247,0.00561882,0.7853083,0.00005332331],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1077901,0.7800146,0.001428529,0.04296874,0.001503932,0.00003735518,0.003040301,0.00008386797,0.06313257],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.3494419,0.6276769,0.003197039,0.007731572,0.0005966573,0.00005795729,0.00409916,0.00003099507,0.007167822],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.02514533,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.04999793,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2116046339","doi":"10.1111/j.1757-1707.2009.01018.x","title":"Morphology and biomass production of prairie cordgrass on marginal lands","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"GCB Bioenergy","topic":"Bioenergy crop production and management","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":67,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"South Dakota State University; U.S. Department of Transportation; U.S. Department of Energy","keywords":"Panicum virgatum; Marginal land; Biomass (ecology); Agronomy; Tiller (botany); Biology; Biomass partitioning; Growing season; Environmental science; Bioenergy; Biofuel; Ecology; Agriculture","authors":[{"name":"Arvid Boe","is_ca":false},{"name":"Vance N. Owens","is_ca":false},{"name":"José L. González-Hernández","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jürgen M. Stein","is_ca":false},{"name":"DoKyoung Lee","is_ca":false},{"name":"Bon-Cheol Koo","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01645114266023441,"gpt":0.2185895234827745,"spread":0.2021383808225401,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008416353,0.0001271322,0.00007225875,0.0003529271,0.0002028674,0.0002612862,0.0001514231,0.00008290702,0.0005619729],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001769092,0.0000883773,0.00006605165,0.0002238445,0.0002096149,0.000146176,0.0001765878,0.00008304106,0.00009149872],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004757438,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001287734,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01338935,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0587195,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999459,0.000006712277,0.000002934444,0.0000213209,0.00001108905,0.00001196362],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998595,0.00001688275,0.00005183018,0.000009843348,0.00002951691,0.00003239919],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001181986,0.00004418874,0.956168,0.00001224649,0.00002330563,0.0002015723,0.0005774129,0.0001629421,0.03810026,0.0000341643,0.00007006784,0.004487533],"study_design_scores_gemma":[4.623453e-7,0.00001681706,0.9995943,5.359905e-7,8.659134e-7,0.00004129047,0.00006538452,0.00006758401,0.0001600946,0.000002476708,0.00004955149,5.600924e-7],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9998935,0.000009604649,0.00000967755,9.259485e-7,1.298755e-7,4.532665e-7,0.0000319289,5.039674e-7,0.00005327163],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996585,0.00001143969,0.00004669455,0.00000183863,4.052349e-7,0.000001023986,0.0001472663,5.277589e-7,0.0001324441],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01338935,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02662283,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2040722220","doi":"10.1111/gcbb.12198","title":"Carbon debt repayment or carbon sequestration parity? Lessons from a forest bioenergy case study in Ontario, Canada","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"GCB Bioenergy","topic":"Bioenergy crop production and management","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":65,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Environment and Climate Change Canada; University of Toronto; Canadian Sport Centre Pacific; FPInnovations; Pembina Institute; Ontario Forest Research Institute","funders":"Office of Energy Research and Development; Ministry of Natural Resources; Natural Resources Canada; FPInnovations; Government of Canada; National Council for Air and Stream Improvement","keywords":"Carbon sequestration; Greenhouse gas; Environmental science; Bioenergy; Biomass (ecology); Coal; Carbon accounting; Atmospheric carbon cycle; Climate change mitigation; Carbon neutrality; Agroforestry; Carbon fibers; Biofuel; Carbon dioxide; Agronomy; Waste management; Ecology; Engineering; Biology","authors":[{"name":"Michael T. Ter‐Mikaelian","is_ca":true},{"name":"S. J. Colombo","is_ca":true},{"name":"Dave Lovekin","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jon McKechnie","is_ca":false},{"name":"Rick A. Reynolds","is_ca":true},{"name":"Brian Titus","is_ca":true},{"name":"Emil Laurin","is_ca":true},{"name":"Anne‐Marie Chapman","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jiaxin Chen","is_ca":true},{"name":"Heather L. MacLean","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03274561659592561,"gpt":0.2324501023831004,"spread":0.1997044857871748,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00164559,0.0004703718,0.0005314022,0.0006975188,0.001884637,0.001552405,0.001618993,0.0008694151,0.00196842],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00498738,0.0002695218,0.0006160641,0.00214782,0.001033296,0.0007973576,0.0005868392,0.0007885217,0.00008684728],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.06069186,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.03245088,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9962753,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9974227,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990882,0.000235043,0.00003873908,0.00009197396,0.0002151561,0.0003308769],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99599,0.00165619,0.0003043032,0.0001311147,0.0015467,0.0003716619],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"case_report","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001191331,0.000550518,0.5803323,0.0007396897,0.0005347074,0.004831953,0.003663934,0.3220418,0.003237573,0.02107615,0.01336893,0.04843108],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003457416,0.0004613133,0.6066303,0.0004265881,0.0006182719,0.000501171,0.02829736,0.3201454,0.002933335,0.006934713,0.03237586,0.000330044],"study_design_candidate":"case_report","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9784761,0.001139761,0.001378957,0.00232299,0.00001827294,0.000155883,0.002611119,0.00002715238,0.0138697],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9950795,0.0005441206,0.0009650745,0.000103488,0.000005531806,0.000026313,0.0007567559,0.000008878531,0.002510307],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.06069186,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4403523,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2477903795","doi":"10.1111/gcbb.12387","title":"Climate change mitigation potential of local use of harvest residues for bioenergy in Canada","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"GCB Bioenergy","topic":"Forest Management and Policy","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":59,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Natural Resources Canada; Canadian Forest Service","funders":"Canadian Forest Service; Government of Canada","keywords":"Bioenergy; Environmental science; Climate change; Climate change mitigation; Electricity; Greenhouse gas; Agroforestry; Environmental protection; Biofuel; Ecology; Engineering; Biology","authors":[{"name":"C. Smyth","is_ca":true},{"name":"Werner A. Kurz","is_ca":true},{"name":"G. J. Rampley","is_ca":true},{"name":"Tony C. Lemprière","is_ca":true},{"name":"Olaf Schwab","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01750190760569962,"gpt":0.2091647839042906,"spread":0.191662876298591,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002479666,0.0004889717,0.0002475039,0.0005646123,0.0008519475,0.001003723,0.0007232195,0.000282172,0.001576761],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004788705,0.0001872185,0.0007666736,0.001080028,0.0004280313,0.000379907,0.0004540821,0.0003281838,0.0001196725],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.02528945,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.01574402,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9881572,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9906451,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997906,0.00001824781,0.000004880562,0.00003418213,0.0000591681,0.00009297739],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997045,0.00003343685,0.00003415573,0.00001318653,0.0001646622,0.00004993069],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002855304,0.0000683836,0.3682179,0.0001500551,0.0003722607,0.0002716595,0.0001879119,0.6061873,0.003788369,0.002074594,0.003083487,0.01531261],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00007267089,0.00008264666,0.4339318,0.00008039555,0.0002692329,0.00008322935,0.001505785,0.5513347,0.003865984,0.001058322,0.007600089,0.0001151425],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9894493,0.000342488,0.001225182,0.0002429009,0.000006442457,0.00002109075,0.003946992,0.00007092879,0.004694669],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9974406,0.0001508096,0.0005354652,0.00002358805,0.00000103463,0.000006218516,0.00093491,0.000006358084,0.0009010371],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02528945,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1834886,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2770924879","doi":"10.1111/gcbb.12489","title":"Biochars from local agricultural waste residues contribute to soil quality and plant growth in a Cerrado region (Brazil) Arenosol","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"GCB Bioenergy","topic":"Soil Management and Crop Yield","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":58,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul; Belmont Forum","keywords":"Biochar; Agronomy; Environmental science; Soil water; Nutrient; Biomass (ecology); Charcoal; Chicken manure; Slash-and-char; Manure; Amendment; Soil quality; Pyrolysis; Soil organic matter; Chemistry; Biology; Ecology; Soil science","authors":[{"name":"Alicia B. Speratti","is_ca":true},{"name":"Mark S. Johnson","is_ca":true},{"name":"Heiriane Martins Sousa","is_ca":false},{"name":"Higo J. Dalmagro","is_ca":false},{"name":"Eduardo Guimarães Couto","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0346247001927632,"gpt":0.2452141183025242,"spread":0.210589418109761,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000208943,0.0002787614,0.000232033,0.0004262201,0.0004166204,0.0003703864,0.0001901981,0.000190779,0.0005742068],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002059041,0.0001132013,0.0003019445,0.0004873078,0.0003048724,0.0001656168,0.0002480252,0.0001697866,0.00009214428],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006976165,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005579559,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.05850067,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.1912615,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998515,0.00001778118,0.000009229839,0.00005209364,0.00003094864,0.00003852014],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998057,0.00002442358,0.00006831255,0.00001660796,0.00006325475,0.00002160253],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006489628,0.0003289069,0.2646638,0.0004549576,0.0001710382,0.001321161,0.00252925,0.0008653056,0.6962591,0.0004352097,0.0003250262,0.03199717],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001214457,0.0003782157,0.9477729,0.00004125833,0.00009078768,0.0003907555,0.002617563,0.0008064239,0.0430322,0.00007629765,0.004762813,0.0000186682],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9993283,0.00009611929,0.00007528404,0.000027298,0.000001484512,0.000004893337,0.00009202273,0.000003554527,0.0003712172],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999115,0.0001198855,0.0003072481,0.00001903113,0.000001091252,0.000005073009,0.0001198219,0.000004788338,0.0003080509],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.05850067,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1163203,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2332690551","doi":"10.1111/gcbb.12354","title":"Differences in field‐scale N<sub>2</sub>O flux linked to crop residue removal under two tillage systems in cold climates","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"GCB Bioenergy","topic":"Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":54,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs","keywords":"Crop residue; Nitrous oxide; Tillage; Agronomy; Residue (chemistry); Environmental science; Greenhouse gas; Biofuel; Conventional tillage; Growing season; Crop; Crop rotation; Soil water; Chemistry; Agriculture; Soil science; Biology; Ecology","authors":[{"name":"Kate A. Congreves","is_ca":true},{"name":"Shannon E. Brown","is_ca":true},{"name":"Deanna D. Németh","is_ca":true},{"name":"Kari E. Dunfield","is_ca":true},{"name":"Claudia Wagner‐Riddle","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01769040429901859,"gpt":0.2195019264805943,"spread":0.2018115221815757,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000369806,0.0002393576,0.0002951923,0.0004066938,0.0003167623,0.000423408,0.0002322028,0.0002986416,0.000517177],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003221772,0.0001278191,0.0003164613,0.0002709611,0.0002532051,0.0003922605,0.0002072043,0.0002618201,0.00008027044],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008097012,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003043297,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02353281,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.03586206,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998429,0.00001578847,0.00001259257,0.00007134903,0.00002034972,0.00003688357],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993904,0.0001112113,0.0002536402,0.00003687767,0.000115344,0.00009260936],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002208308,0.0003826944,0.7453628,0.00009605301,0.0003067187,0.0001127853,0.0001732118,0.002264038,0.2434535,0.00006064751,0.0002395007,0.005339855],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003626388,0.00008420752,0.9969849,0.000001159775,0.00001130046,0.000008008235,0.00002952437,0.0004153388,0.002387241,0.000006966633,0.00006456815,0.000003199977],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9996131,0.00002824939,0.0000743132,0.000003730003,0.000002017951,0.000002617558,0.000184313,0.000003813988,0.00008799489],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990402,0.00002507497,0.00015683,0.00001876595,0.000004111738,0.00001071696,0.0006207521,0.000002993979,0.0001205716],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02353281,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.04679167,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2297436545","doi":"10.1111/gcbb.12344","title":"Genotype × environment interaction analysis of North American shrub willow yield trials confirms superior performance of triploid hybrids","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"GCB Bioenergy","topic":"Bioenergy crop production and management","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":54,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal; University of Saskatchewan","funders":"South Dakota State University; European Social Fund; U.S. Department of Energy","keywords":"Willow; Ammi; Shrub; Hybrid; Biology; Agronomy; Cultivar; Gene–environment interaction; Trait; Ideotype; Plant breeding; Biotechnology; Genotype; Botany","authors":[{"name":"Eric S. Fabio","is_ca":false},{"name":"Timothy A. Volk","is_ca":false},{"name":"R O Miller","is_ca":false},{"name":"Michelle J. Serapiglia","is_ca":false},{"name":"Hugh G. Gauch","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ken C.J. Van Rees","is_ca":true},{"name":"R.D. Hangs","is_ca":true},{"name":"Beyhan Y. Amichev","is_ca":true},{"name":"Yulia A. Kuzovkina","is_ca":false},{"name":"Michel Labrecque","is_ca":true},{"name":"Gregg A. Johnson","is_ca":false},{"name":"Robert G. Ewy","is_ca":false},{"name":"Gary J. Kling","is_ca":false},{"name":"Lawrence B. Smart","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03421042789498078,"gpt":0.2285947438061664,"spread":0.1943843159111856,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000793607,0.0003748172,0.0004615621,0.0005768762,0.000305103,0.0004210982,0.0002871055,0.0001300404,0.001086097],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006895505,0.00007848847,0.0005457901,0.0006116629,0.0002576397,0.0001691178,0.0003115931,0.000346051,0.0001352596],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006391887,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000574546,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.03393039,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.09050861,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994697,0.0001448608,0.0000404983,0.0001922039,0.00009177597,0.00006102111],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988888,0.000419881,0.0001807798,0.0001615419,0.0001925757,0.0001565428],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002377548,0.0004495692,0.4761082,0.0001698164,0.001667424,0.0003937359,0.0009489267,0.00307642,0.4842303,0.0002626501,0.0009276991,0.02938769],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00000718196,0.0003897543,0.9885916,0.000003028623,0.0001205351,0.00004680645,0.0001448269,0.001108734,0.008822209,0.00002832718,0.0007231658,0.00001383583],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9985027,0.00004042665,0.0004418951,0.000005986657,0.000002023882,0.00000730588,0.0007170764,0.00003671003,0.0002458365],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9959318,0.00003337585,0.000897222,0.00002044146,0.000001516039,0.00003261303,0.002411164,0.0000317253,0.0006402172],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03393039,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.06746578,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2143495932","doi":"10.1111/j.1757-1707.2012.01159.x","title":"Microalgae for phosphorus removal and biomass production: a six species screen for dual‐purpose organisms","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"GCB Bioenergy","topic":"Algal biology and biofuel production","field":"Energy","cited_by":48,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Tetraselmis suecica; Phosphorus; Chlorella; Tetraselmis; Biomass (ecology); Biology; Scenedesmus; Nutrient; Botany; Food science; Algae; Animal science; Chemistry; Ecology","authors":[{"name":"Anil Kumar Patel","is_ca":true},{"name":"Suzelle Barrington","is_ca":true},{"name":"Mark Lefsrud","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02395093322228558,"gpt":0.2399928718152018,"spread":0.2160419385929162,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002747977,0.0007296281,0.000518019,0.0005851561,0.0002818085,0.0003819397,0.000348436,0.0005254654,0.0008967543],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000201365,0.0002878057,0.0005376834,0.000393132,0.0001566752,0.0001461866,0.0004966867,0.000320845,0.0004292709],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002090766,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002167626,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000726743,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002327988,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996921,0.00004537945,0.00002985882,0.00005475185,0.0001452608,0.00003267802],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997707,0.00004188143,0.00004212916,0.00002843024,0.00006124414,0.00005562348],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002646735,0.00002072222,0.0002763645,0.0000142248,0.000003677668,0.00001827277,0.000004371998,0.00002043503,0.9989969,0.000004373416,0.000012186,0.0006019541],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002136571,0.001105645,0.01171927,0.000008356014,0.00005229178,0.0003208262,0.0000562443,0.0005989159,0.9845649,0.00002059179,0.001518826,0.00001277199],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9916295,0.0007899251,0.005161184,0.0001567831,0.00002530142,0.000141846,0.0007284772,0.0001496893,0.001217271],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9749703,0.0009626648,0.01816364,0.0001855947,0.000008065087,0.0001794642,0.001423743,0.00004196863,0.004064606],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0008967543,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002999961,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2324511918","doi":"10.1111/gcbb.12362","title":"Plastid genome sequencing reveals biogeographical structure and extensive population genetic variation in wild populations of <i>Phalaris arundinacea</i> L. in north‐western Europe","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"GCB Bioenergy","topic":"Bioenergy crop production and management","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":47,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Institute of Genetics; Trinity College Dublin","keywords":"Biology; Genetic diversity; Population; Panmixia; Genetic variation; Genetic structure; Phalaris arundinacea; Botany; Genetics; Ecology","authors":[{"name":"Aude Perdereau","is_ca":false},{"name":"Manfred Klaas","is_ca":false},{"name":"Susanne Barth","is_ca":false},{"name":"Trevor R. Hodkinson","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01738140345881311,"gpt":0.2040704385607077,"spread":0.1866890351018946,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005457631,0.000178095,0.0002665589,0.0009543033,0.0001951228,0.0004470923,0.000237319,0.0002426721,0.0004212961],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003011841,0.000107008,0.000226321,0.0007723656,0.0002495219,0.0001454218,0.0002875668,0.0001732783,0.0001368983],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002016318,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000118839,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003651042,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006873218,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997359,0.00004237275,0.00002453446,0.000128202,0.0000400208,0.00002893721],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997606,0.0000601055,0.0000822764,0.00002788254,0.00003253233,0.0000366991],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008418126,0.0001049448,0.5541798,0.0001275393,0.0005590984,0.0006684756,0.002211988,0.0006574965,0.4047783,0.0002773502,0.0003011964,0.03529195],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000137049,0.00004591694,0.9975888,0.000007278034,0.00002745025,0.0001982448,0.0002428149,0.0002062556,0.000861437,0.00002180666,0.000782805,0.000003404795],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9994537,0.00008615762,0.0001498087,0.000005963944,7.574889e-7,0.000001671882,0.0001628693,0.000004496629,0.0001346837],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9983889,0.00007449336,0.0004581249,0.00001983844,0.00000179501,0.000004329385,0.0008887576,0.000006519613,0.0001572343],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.003651042,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.007259607,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3212954703","doi":"10.1111/gcbb.12909","title":"Control of sucrose accumulation in sugarcane (<i>Saccharum</i> spp. hybrids) involves miRNA‐mediated regulation of genes and transcription factors associated with sugar metabolism","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"GCB Bioenergy","topic":"Sugarcane Cultivation and Processing","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":46,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Ministry of Agriculture","funders":"Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi Province; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Biology; Sucrose; Transcriptome; Sugar; Saccharum officinarum; Sucrose synthase; Saccharum; Gene; microRNA; Carbohydrate metabolism; RNA-Seq; Botany; Gene expression; Genetics; Biochemistry; Invertase","authors":[{"name":"Miao Wang","is_ca":true},{"name":"Ao‐Mei Li","is_ca":true},{"name":"Fen Liao","is_ca":true},{"name":"Cui‐Xian Qin","is_ca":true},{"name":"Zhong‐Liang Chen","is_ca":true},{"name":"Li Zhou","is_ca":true},{"name":"Yang‐Rui Li","is_ca":true},{"name":"Xiaofeng Li","is_ca":false},{"name":"Prakash Lakshmanan","is_ca":true},{"name":"Dongliang Huang","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04261764933069764,"gpt":0.2306751737176909,"spread":0.1880575243869932,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001300352,0.0004870721,0.0003265581,0.0003180029,0.0003301732,0.0004833305,0.0002890126,0.0002863065,0.0009942073],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009140096,0.0002201749,0.000394014,0.0002600659,0.0002120644,0.0002390137,0.000327118,0.000651011,0.0002860446],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000560873,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002718561,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002799508,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003611745,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998733,0.000008889405,0.000008676255,0.00005325511,0.00002581937,0.00002994549],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999844,0.00002874518,0.00004488454,0.00001238978,0.00002385799,0.00004608697],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002377334,0.000003309883,0.0001242558,0.000008814511,0.000003343238,0.00001182022,0.000007426606,0.00001566831,0.9995628,0.00002441983,0.00001087094,0.0002034549],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001730676,0.0001480334,0.07008974,0.000009916834,0.00008570073,0.0002259555,0.0001661065,0.003011364,0.9217912,0.0001349611,0.004283527,0.00003618788],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9942768,0.0006723542,0.002412773,0.00006160606,0.0000216486,0.00001914344,0.00118785,0.0001881489,0.001159615],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9927532,0.000243159,0.001885551,0.00008586532,0.000007178603,0.00003713526,0.002255787,0.0001151192,0.002616812],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.002799508,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005566418,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2016979679","doi":"10.1111/j.1757-1707.2011.01110.x","title":"The carbon implications of large‐scale afforestation of agriculturally marginal land with short‐rotation willow in<scp>S</scp>askatchewan","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"GCB Bioenergy","topic":"Bioenergy crop production and management","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":45,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Natural Resources Canada; Canadian Forest Service; University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Canadian Forest Service; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation; University of Saskatchewan","keywords":"Willow; Short rotation coppice; Coppicing; Marginal land; Afforestation; Short rotation forestry; Biomass (ecology); Environmental science; Bioenergy; Agroforestry; Agronomy; Carbon sequestration; Forestry; Woody plant; Biology; Biofuel; Ecology; Geography; Agriculture","authors":[{"name":"Beyhan Y. Amichev","is_ca":true},{"name":"Werner A. Kurz","is_ca":true},{"name":"C. Smyth","is_ca":true},{"name":"Ken C.J. Van Rees","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01350030725659817,"gpt":0.196816299579419,"spread":0.1833159923228208,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002589673,0.0001550341,0.0001376464,0.0004126433,0.0005722413,0.0005124081,0.0003385002,0.0001501289,0.0005194547],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002436767,0.00008284261,0.0002295542,0.0004646764,0.0003089151,0.0001695239,0.0003664968,0.0001728294,0.00004481947],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002867041,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001860925,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.3437575,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.6224993,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998904,0.00002590906,0.000006842914,0.0000247126,0.0000219604,0.00003018778],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998543,0.00001803312,0.00002670353,0.00001129416,0.00004059499,0.00004902368],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005568913,0.0002103608,0.9272217,0.00006434324,0.0001997054,0.001522078,0.0007579213,0.02012613,0.03367964,0.001037462,0.0007042076,0.0139195],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002535285,0.00006877955,0.9748363,0.000009636769,0.00004068592,0.0001187597,0.001875455,0.0189236,0.002357835,0.0002331725,0.001501543,0.000008776236],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9995708,0.00001035456,0.00002892611,0.00001956533,9.074058e-7,0.000002758632,0.00007711629,0.00000140539,0.0002881657],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994996,0.00001473619,0.0001182289,0.000009343313,7.110143e-7,0.000003568421,0.0001360307,0.000001033995,0.0002167478],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6562425,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6835131,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3091118040","doi":"10.1111/gcbb.12756","title":"Retrofitting coal‐fired power plants with biomass co‐firing and carbon capture and storage for net zero carbon emission: A plant‐by‐plant assessment framework","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"GCB Bioenergy","topic":"Environmental Impact and Sustainability","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":45,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Tsinghua University; National Natural Science Foundation of China; U.S. Department of Energy","keywords":"Bio-energy with carbon capture and storage; Greenhouse gas; Retrofitting; Biomass (ecology); Environmental science; Power station; Coal; Bioenergy; Carbon sequestration; Zero emission; Carbon capture and storage (timeline); Negative carbon dioxide emission; Waste management; Carbon neutrality; Environmental engineering; Climate change mitigation; Engineering; Carbon dioxide; Biofuel; Climate change; Ecology","authors":[{"name":"Rui Wang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Shiyan Chang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Xueqin Cui","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jin Li","is_ca":false},{"name":"Linwei Ma","is_ca":false},{"name":"Amit Kumar","is_ca":true},{"name":"Yaoyu Nie","is_ca":false},{"name":"Wenjia Cai","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008674126289934735,"gpt":0.2291451021829767,"spread":0.2204709758930419,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003225069,0.001410007,0.0006138348,0.00240084,0.0008031724,0.002144972,0.001547806,0.001535495,0.00158647],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001409921,0.0003871014,0.001216186,0.001387089,0.001181832,0.001872171,0.001647858,0.0008093482,0.00008718783],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.004102654,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.003987281,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02713323,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02025493,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986501,0.0007593645,0.00003683813,0.000125513,0.0002884496,0.0001397185],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992673,0.000326716,0.00008597354,0.00002666956,0.0002180237,0.00007535803],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003116095,0.0001030303,0.002804359,0.0001145294,0.00008888441,0.0001825451,0.00004165007,0.9562736,0.0006209122,0.03147574,0.0004665427,0.007797106],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001220713,0.0001102274,0.0008562843,0.00003465897,0.00005801136,0.00002420269,0.0001072282,0.9882598,0.000321799,0.009456922,0.0007426934,0.00001601147],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.392068,0.002564019,0.557608,0.001782588,0.00007848952,0.001000617,0.001102874,0.0002719068,0.04352341],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9632758,0.0006978106,0.03340407,0.00005196234,0.00001556444,0.0003181189,0.0002055705,0.00001045914,0.002020627],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.02713323,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.05395061,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3102621430","doi":"10.1111/gcbb.12779","title":"Fertility management for industrial hemp production: Current knowledge and future research needs","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"GCB Bioenergy","topic":"Agronomic Practices and Intercropping Systems","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":44,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Fertility; Soil fertility; Cannabis sativa; Business; Production (economics); Agroforestry; Biotechnology; Biomass (ecology); Environmental science; Agronomy; Biology; Environmental health; Population; Medicine; Economics","authors":[{"name":"Sarah E. Wylie","is_ca":false},{"name":"Andrew G. Ristvey","is_ca":false},{"name":"Nicole M. Fiorellino","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1961068306136358,"gpt":0.3334894497938566,"spread":0.1373826191802208,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.006251655,0.0005811036,0.001299332,0.001221401,0.0006092469,0.003246178,0.002015398,0.002895009,0.004665776],"category_scores_gemma":[0.008086815,0.0002278412,0.0006560523,0.001471253,0.001825944,0.002948546,0.001154501,0.001497171,0.0007879242],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001940568,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00887917,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006253139,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.009667591,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987442,0.0003792177,0.0001811381,0.0002108272,0.0003812658,0.0001033747],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9879758,0.007280007,0.001705712,0.0001834186,0.002505079,0.0003500031],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001989686,0.000363106,0.003661892,0.01787728,0.00007121314,0.0002265049,0.0005490218,0.001247286,0.002057797,0.004152638,0.008063126,0.9615312],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009195482,0.002043118,0.03089974,0.06058407,0.000848882,0.001633232,0.01494948,0.004092156,0.005527198,0.04389115,0.8352168,0.0002221826],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.005957936,0.9764788,0.001219087,0.01188056,0.0003299399,0.00003670364,0.00007448051,0.00002378398,0.003998838],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.03934572,0.9528893,0.003722003,0.002386866,0.0007907284,0.00006339557,0.0001147324,0.000009573372,0.0006776843],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.006253139,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03306228,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3142164470","doi":"10.1111/gcbb.12829","title":"Opportunities and barriers for biofuel and bioenergy production from poplar","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"GCB Bioenergy","topic":"Biofuel production and bioconversion","field":"Engineering","cited_by":40,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Biofuel; Biomass (ecology); Bioenergy; Arable land; Renewable resource; Lignocellulosic biomass; Renewable energy; Environmental science; Raw material; Fossil fuel; Greenhouse gas; Agroforestry; Natural resource economics; Energy crop; Production (economics); Biotechnology; Agronomy; Agriculture; Waste management; Biology; Engineering; Ecology; Economics","authors":[{"name":"Yi An","is_ca":false},{"name":"Yu Liu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Yijing Liu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Mengzhu Lu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Xihui Kang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Shawn D. Mansfield","is_ca":true},{"name":"Wei Zeng","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jin Zhang","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02191885910301642,"gpt":0.2018696408181096,"spread":0.1799507817150932,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001626795,0.0002839897,0.000262786,0.0004570808,0.0008779232,0.003252436,0.0006465341,0.0007606344,0.005969862],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008240474,0.0001422334,0.0003298318,0.0007138576,0.000688366,0.002343184,0.001598661,0.001575358,0.001248828],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006992085,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001590815,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001371693,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002406504,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992858,0.000167764,0.00003231816,0.0001242538,0.0001777463,0.0002122441],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992194,0.0002994788,0.0001158302,0.00004834112,0.0001953466,0.0001216405],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005489015,0.0006390251,0.02676609,0.003899611,0.000119424,0.00378276,0.003060851,0.003605577,0.4532524,0.1883584,0.01242597,0.3035411],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003225374,0.0007175334,0.0378534,0.001955862,0.0001422738,0.002591249,0.02001664,0.004644048,0.102034,0.09861866,0.7312834,0.0001107367],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.7729151,0.06921983,0.02976106,0.03533155,0.0004106536,0.00007529066,0.0004813414,0.0001542776,0.09165084],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9523542,0.02855481,0.006952513,0.001619052,0.000132192,0.00005104764,0.0004813652,0.00003728021,0.009817537],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.005969862,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01997113,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2131112911","doi":"10.1111/gcbb.12062","title":"Implications of land class and environmental factors on life cycle <scp>GHG</scp> emissions of Miscanthus as a bioenergy feedstock","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"GCB Bioenergy","topic":"Bioenergy crop production and management","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":40,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs; University of Toronto; University of Waterloo; University of Guelph; Saskatchewan Research Council (Canada)","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Miscanthus; Greenhouse gas; Environmental science; Life-cycle assessment; Energy crop; Bioenergy; Land use, land-use change and forestry; Biomass (ecology); Agroforestry; Land use; Biofuel; Agronomy; Production (economics); Waste management; Engineering; Ecology; Economics","authors":[{"name":"David Sanscartier","is_ca":true},{"name":"Bill Deen","is_ca":true},{"name":"Goretty Dias","is_ca":true},{"name":"Heather L. MacLean","is_ca":true},{"name":"Humaira Dadfar","is_ca":true},{"name":"Ian A. McDonald","is_ca":true},{"name":"Hilla Kludze","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01217675976540144,"gpt":0.1966558080275641,"spread":0.1844790482621627,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000317771,0.0002949465,0.0001333534,0.0002526565,0.000551831,0.0006280363,0.0004598474,0.0001762904,0.002042153],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002860343,0.00008169161,0.0003075257,0.0004801027,0.0004460759,0.000275911,0.0001901173,0.0001097699,0.0001316514],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00735269,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001319779,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.4979657,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.7140608,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998201,0.00004204903,0.000005693638,0.00002143435,0.00005805827,0.0000527655],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997678,0.00007213263,0.00003519432,0.00001352871,0.00008072826,0.00003060647],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002856712,0.0002040174,0.5269045,0.0004271413,0.0002554037,0.001722144,0.0004792277,0.2213814,0.2132929,0.001646079,0.0009890243,0.02984146],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004079128,0.0007659979,0.9166476,0.00002283035,0.0001138267,0.0001982507,0.001736895,0.04099886,0.03338525,0.0004795723,0.005579441,0.00003059301],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9973109,0.00005989764,0.0001599539,0.00002234637,0.000001138968,0.00001342499,0.0002984333,0.00000359121,0.002130273],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990964,0.00004785175,0.0001243299,0.000005618263,3.741844e-7,0.000004178209,0.000181872,0.000002213881,0.0005371209],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4979657,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9901344,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2982816340","doi":"10.1111/gcbb.12651","title":"Spatial distribution of usable biomass feedstock and technical bioenergy potential in China","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"GCB Bioenergy","topic":"Biofuel production and bioconversion","field":"Engineering","cited_by":39,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Bioenergy; Biofuel; Biomass (ecology); Environmental science; Energy crop; Raw material; Cellulosic ethanol; Natural resource economics; Environmental economics; Business; Agricultural engineering; Waste management; Engineering; Ecology; Economics","authors":[{"name":"Yaoyu Nie","is_ca":false},{"name":"Shiyan Chang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Wenjia Cai","is_ca":false},{"name":"Can Wang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jingying Fu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jingxuan Hui","is_ca":false},{"name":"Le Yu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Wanbin Zhu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Guorui Huang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Amit Kumar","is_ca":true},{"name":"Weichao Guo","is_ca":false},{"name":"Qun Ding","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.003319574001028096,"gpt":0.1760927651507481,"spread":0.1727731911497201,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004602418,0.0002690453,0.0002083649,0.002539041,0.0002714379,0.0005932814,0.0003263713,0.0001736337,0.0007306879],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006121411,0.0001811372,0.0003933203,0.004069546,0.0003615582,0.000387311,0.0005198965,0.00008049503,0.00009166648],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001618895,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001000967,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.09457178,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.09065542,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999747,0.00002634669,0.00001906882,0.00006243047,0.00008204453,0.00006317783],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994944,0.00009022834,0.00009787724,0.00004953199,0.0001991682,0.00006871959],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001084263,0.00003389152,0.9259381,0.00009712041,0.0001637674,0.0004259521,0.0006155439,0.03337857,0.005510254,0.002277945,0.0005970336,0.03085337],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004285916,0.00001909095,0.9804814,0.000007540268,0.00002667168,0.00004108028,0.00040819,0.01689149,0.0006497148,0.0003625242,0.001087527,0.00002049047],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9981279,0.00007236004,0.0003016129,0.00002261575,8.400357e-7,0.000005748611,0.0005985763,0.00001222053,0.0008582349],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989229,0.00005027773,0.0001966587,0.000003044266,7.087382e-7,0.000004639106,0.0005295263,0.000001271951,0.0002909922],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.09457178,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1880426,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1999556364","doi":"10.1111/j.1757-1707.2011.01151.x","title":"Farmers' perspectives for the development of a bioenergy industry in <scp>I</scp>reland","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"GCB Bioenergy","topic":"Bioenergy crop production and management","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":33,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Impact","funders":"","keywords":"Bioenergy; Business; Energy crop; Production (economics); Agricultural science; Agriculture; Outreach; Agricultural economics; Promotion (chess); Crop; Early adopter; Government (linguistics); Agroforestry; Natural resource economics; Biofuel; Economics; Environmental science; Marketing; Biotechnology; Economic growth; Geography; Forestry","authors":[{"name":"Cara A. Augustenborg","is_ca":true},{"name":"John Finnan","is_ca":false},{"name":"Leah McBennett","is_ca":true},{"name":"Vivienne Connolly","is_ca":true},{"name":"Uta Priegnitz","is_ca":true},{"name":"Christoph Müller","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03037562176886525,"gpt":0.2386068718075057,"spread":0.2082312500386405,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001462649,0.000139008,0.0001097809,0.0003777457,0.002273967,0.001793653,0.0003550084,0.0005037879,0.003750666],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001641147,0.0001581645,0.0001617425,0.0003998434,0.001122146,0.0007951611,0.0009913826,0.0007324807,0.0002403095],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002842743,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001665766,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.03084594,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.07095204,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988927,0.0004610152,0.00003118742,0.00006733817,0.0001844242,0.0003632953],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980779,0.0005781272,0.0005331771,0.00003743077,0.0003104889,0.0004628596],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004389419,0.0005553286,0.540103,0.0003359369,0.00003121059,0.008901379,0.3638077,0.0005676068,0.01809663,0.002540575,0.008876642,0.05574504],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001402982,0.0003031048,0.1960978,0.000101675,0.00001323486,0.0007601943,0.7798591,0.0002201039,0.0009692954,0.0002156408,0.02141174,0.00003410865],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9940143,0.00007400262,0.00003539794,0.001076477,0.000007192118,0.000007105982,0.00001673558,0.000001576744,0.004767153],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998254,0.0001040172,0.00004357602,0.0001560972,0.000003430652,0.000006355453,0.00001038655,8.095477e-7,0.001421408],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03084594,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.06133282,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2902143425","doi":"10.1111/gcbb.12583","title":"Willow production during 12 consecutive years—The effects of harvest rotation, planting density and cultivar on biomass yield","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"GCB Bioenergy","topic":"Bioenergy crop production and management","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":33,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Willow; Sowing; Cutting; Short rotation forestry; Coppicing; Biomass (ecology); Short rotation coppice; Cultivar; Agronomy; Yield (engineering); Environmental science; Horticulture; Biology; Woody plant; Botany","authors":[{"name":"M. Stolarski","is_ca":false},{"name":"S. Szczukowski","is_ca":false},{"name":"J. Tworkowski","is_ca":false},{"name":"Michał Krzyżaniak","is_ca":false},{"name":"Dariusz Załuski","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01091430794186574,"gpt":0.1923320666960712,"spread":0.1814177587542055,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005387864,0.0004364388,0.0004019147,0.0003994499,0.0002724926,0.0006050772,0.0002714969,0.0001962844,0.0008154149],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000590523,0.0002049973,0.0004620122,0.0003747215,0.0002219717,0.0004693853,0.0004438779,0.0004347805,0.0001869274],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005849615,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002735977,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003487093,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00727219,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997168,0.00004874591,0.00002979789,0.0001006313,0.00004750228,0.00005643817],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992232,0.0001938188,0.0002270755,0.00006218979,0.00008968516,0.0002040255],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.004289722,0.00094784,0.6513916,0.0001182595,0.0005052262,0.0002764062,0.0004975374,0.0008941992,0.3257844,0.00007051259,0.0001748535,0.01504938],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004534465,0.0005318046,0.9948377,0.000002103582,0.00002582085,0.00001978924,0.00008712899,0.0002292174,0.004077711,0.000009151889,0.0001703762,0.000004470657],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9996681,0.00006244187,0.00005771108,0.00000255049,0.00000200175,0.000004888512,0.00009574735,0.000003682597,0.00010288],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990607,0.00005593569,0.0001522097,0.000008092439,0.000002284882,0.00001413031,0.0003646399,0.000005160711,0.0003367974],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.003487093,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.00693357,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2163071890","doi":"10.1111/j.1757-1707.2012.01197.x","title":"Using ecosystem <scp>CO</scp><sub>2</sub> measurements to estimate the timing and magnitude of greenhouse gas mitigation potential of forest bioenergy","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"GCB Bioenergy","topic":"Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":33,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Natural Resources Canada; Canadian Forest Service","funders":"","keywords":"Eddy covariance; Bioenergy; Environmental science; Greenhouse gas; Biomass (ecology); Ecosystem; Forest ecology; Carbon sequestration; Agroforestry; Atmospheric sciences; Biofuel; Ecology; Carbon dioxide","authors":[{"name":"Pierre Y. Bernier","is_ca":true},{"name":"David Paré","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02118474570774494,"gpt":0.242730861255087,"spread":0.2215461155473421,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004175842,0.0003414973,0.0001469852,0.0004892043,0.0003195334,0.0005679539,0.0003589063,0.0003234417,0.0007520785],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005143147,0.0001057925,0.0001697191,0.001011378,0.0002364395,0.0005275541,0.000183965,0.0002538152,0.0001226792],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001654606,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009108346,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.1867028,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.3008143,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999877,0.00002006799,0.000005471142,0.00003072068,0.0000487512,0.00001795031],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997143,0.0000907807,0.00005897931,0.00002868515,0.00008617104,0.00002101214],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004483612,0.0002260116,0.7700675,0.0001378922,0.0002267569,0.0001391884,0.0001129858,0.08147901,0.11039,0.0009503537,0.0007447448,0.03507716],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002388922,0.00009932072,0.7309623,0.00001680719,0.00006252823,0.00005711222,0.0001632524,0.1869507,0.0793559,0.0005258665,0.001746725,0.00003546872],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.988858,0.0001566708,0.005987173,0.0000277628,0.000005886317,0.0000250201,0.001783876,0.0001248688,0.003030673],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.996936,0.00004462299,0.002382045,0.00000720083,9.445101e-7,0.000009548889,0.0004300743,0.00001003056,0.0001796267],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1867028,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3712321,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2915414925","doi":"10.1111/gcbb.12606","title":"Biomass yield in a genetically diverse <i>Miscanthus sinensis</i> germplasm panel evaluated at five locations revealed individuals with exceptional potential","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"GCB Bioenergy","topic":"Bioenergy crop production and management","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Biological and Environmental Research; Office of Science","keywords":"Miscanthus sinensis; Miscanthus; Germplasm; Biology; Biomass (ecology); Agronomy; Temperate climate; Botany; Ecology; Bioenergy","authors":[{"name":"Lindsay V. Clark","is_ca":false},{"name":"Maria Stefanie Dwiyanti","is_ca":false},{"name":"Kossonou Guillaume Anzoua","is_ca":false},{"name":"Joe E. Brummer","is_ca":false},{"name":"Bimal Kumar Ghimire","is_ca":false},{"name":"Katarzyna Głowacka","is_ca":false},{"name":"Megan Hall","is_ca":false},{"name":"Kweon Heo","is_ca":false},{"name":"Xiaoli Jin","is_ca":false},{"name":"Alexander E. Lipka","is_ca":false},{"name":"Junhua Peng","is_ca":false},{"name":"Toshihiko Yamada","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ji Hye Yoo","is_ca":false},{"name":"Chang Yeon Yu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Hua Zhao","is_ca":false},{"name":"Stephen P. Long","is_ca":false},{"name":"Erik J. Sacks","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.022349566042778,"gpt":0.2071771258938888,"spread":0.1848275598511108,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002902455,0.00031395,0.0003199345,0.0005389618,0.000368915,0.0002277246,0.0002813108,0.0001535927,0.0007406659],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001555524,0.0001370132,0.0002459391,0.0004899005,0.0001523481,0.0001946525,0.0004489669,0.0003126,0.0001729918],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003042154,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001572133,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002170828,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0052088,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998331,0.00002810037,0.00002608653,0.00005874868,0.00003027767,0.00002363104],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997572,0.00004547963,0.00004314673,0.00003866564,0.00004683828,0.0000686963],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000127496,0.0000466225,0.008249518,0.00002061558,0.00001782886,0.00005800438,0.00009456082,0.00009278359,0.9888508,0.00002656779,0.00001948143,0.002395699],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00005259692,0.001663479,0.701381,0.00001187441,0.0001479392,0.0006835732,0.00050869,0.002109847,0.2899921,0.00008705333,0.003334229,0.00002765941],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9991143,0.00003938779,0.000309413,0.000007312181,0.000001857858,0.000008093669,0.0001920973,0.00001484153,0.0003125302],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9968836,0.00003955629,0.0009855217,0.00002555023,0.000002132086,0.00002073925,0.001306498,0.00002178934,0.0007145648],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.002170828,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.00431633,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4392237000","doi":"10.1111/gcbb.13134","title":"Long‐term biochar application promoted soil aggregate‐associated potassium availability and maize potassium uptake","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"GCB Bioenergy","topic":"Clay minerals and soil interactions","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Earmarked Fund for China Agriculture Research System; Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Biochar; Potassium; Amendment; Chemistry; Fertilizer; Agronomy; Nutrient; Soil water; Biomass (ecology); Animal science; Environmental science; Soil science; Biology; Pyrolysis","authors":[{"name":"Zhengrong Bao","is_ca":false},{"name":"Wanning Dai","is_ca":false},{"name":"Xu Su","is_ca":false},{"name":"Zunqi Liu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Zhengfeng An","is_ca":true},{"name":"Qiang Sun","is_ca":false},{"name":"Hang Jing","is_ca":false},{"name":"Li Lin","is_ca":false},{"name":"Yixuan Chen","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jun Meng","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01485109010825407,"gpt":0.2599708675703287,"spread":0.2451197774620747,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001794388,0.0003832479,0.0003981639,0.0002396873,0.0001667507,0.0003882913,0.0002518179,0.0003213921,0.0004485873],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002154602,0.000192648,0.0003348224,0.0001900136,0.0002006413,0.0003097125,0.0002480638,0.0005064426,0.0001023672],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006116708,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003641774,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005287282,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.007333861,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998571,0.00001235148,0.0000144893,0.0000484724,0.00002553081,0.00004199897],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996649,0.00005093944,0.00009671044,0.00002747251,0.0000689423,0.00009096097],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003164307,0.00003069323,0.0009116034,0.00002870081,0.000009285854,0.00001425892,0.0000134244,0.00007245157,0.9980019,0.000010002,0.000007536297,0.0005836732],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003565978,0.001373768,0.07951378,0.00001462547,0.00007055138,0.00006274969,0.0001280372,0.00187593,0.9157689,0.00006495086,0.001068485,0.00002257516],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9990457,0.0003437881,0.0003163255,0.0000132826,0.000007207286,0.000008145123,0.0001307763,0.00001253356,0.0001221741],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987034,0.0001602617,0.0003951886,0.00002192584,0.000003037925,0.00001299826,0.0001323445,0.000005364213,0.0005653381],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.005287282,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01051301,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1895577850","doi":"10.1111/gcbb.12301","title":"Improved experimental protocols to evaluate cold tolerance thresholds in <i>Miscanthus</i> and switchgrass rhizomes","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"GCB Bioenergy","topic":"Bioenergy crop production and management","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Agricultural Adaptation Council","keywords":"Rhizome; Miscanthus; Panicum virgatum; Perennial plant; Bioenergy; Overwintering; Biology; Botany; Acclimatization; Horticulture; Environmental science; Agronomy; Biofuel; Ecology","authors":[{"name":"Murilo de Melo Peixoto","is_ca":true},{"name":"Rowan F. Sage","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04068185905336529,"gpt":0.2797886113029695,"spread":0.2391067522496042,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007021965,0.0006958293,0.0003657411,0.0003697762,0.000380211,0.0003756009,0.0005267685,0.0003981093,0.001555672],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005418918,0.0002854077,0.000387305,0.0002258722,0.0003851384,0.0006310016,0.0005181718,0.001000492,0.0003189867],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005854397,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003636828,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002123391,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004666358,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992981,0.0001498788,0.00009143621,0.0002293663,0.000141487,0.00008961399],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993279,0.0001318856,0.0001630408,0.0001413283,0.0001613197,0.00007454273],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004775203,0.00001223995,0.0001467967,0.00002397434,0.000002848548,0.000007374324,0.00002866867,0.00003878837,0.9992132,0.00002050996,0.00000903012,0.0004487499],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002544698,0.000777358,0.01623957,0.00001682,0.00003174911,0.00007207857,0.00008353505,0.0008285415,0.9796611,0.00006165247,0.002174635,0.00002742505],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.9476225,0.0006934424,0.04777488,0.00008447479,0.00007724995,0.0009335511,0.0008368493,0.0002645315,0.001712562],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8725171,0.0007793263,0.1123781,0.0003064596,0.00004549608,0.004092276,0.003627217,0.0004707493,0.005783268],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.002123391,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.00520426,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3047246158","doi":"10.1111/gcbb.12735","title":"Regional variations in life cycle greenhouse gas emissions of canola‐derived jet fuel produced in western Canada","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"GCB Bioenergy","topic":"Environmental Impact and Sustainability","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Hudbay Minerals (Canada); University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Government of Ontario","keywords":"Canola; Greenhouse gas; Environmental science; Raw material; Jet fuel; Life-cycle assessment; Production (economics); Agronomy; Waste management; Engineering; Ecology; Economics; Biology","authors":[{"name":"Jon Albert Obnamia","is_ca":true},{"name":"Heather L. MacLean","is_ca":true},{"name":"Bradley A. Saville","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01449082786972721,"gpt":0.2184984045626808,"spread":0.2040075766929536,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002134335,0.0003659073,0.0002278473,0.0009719071,0.000790224,0.0009493392,0.000537982,0.0001465377,0.001208199],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005489191,0.0001924057,0.0004721214,0.002142043,0.0003551812,0.0002145281,0.0003054663,0.0002124656,0.0001249382],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.02372117,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.01186119,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.996234,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9974533,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997447,0.00001246594,0.000008141911,0.00006050327,0.0000931898,0.00008106809],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993687,0.00004223763,0.00005438812,0.00002283363,0.0004539635,0.00005772461],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005218544,0.00005953388,0.9316624,0.0001304712,0.0005320002,0.0003277075,0.001005414,0.02570918,0.01519691,0.0008250646,0.002806212,0.02122321],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00000900763,0.00001343444,0.9891067,0.00001554136,0.00006732839,0.00002693902,0.0008244099,0.005132342,0.001709354,0.00005244115,0.003016415,0.00002610574],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9880421,0.0003753632,0.0004141473,0.00009968469,0.000005489983,0.00002119141,0.006670371,0.00003575067,0.004335841],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9951516,0.0002229188,0.0003805883,0.00002403196,9.061587e-7,0.000007869935,0.002529021,0.000009636718,0.001673451],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02372117,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1721099,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4214480712","doi":"10.1111/gcbb.12932","title":"Carbon‐negative hydrogen production: Fundamentals for a techno‐economic and environmental assessment of HyBECCS approaches","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"GCB Bioenergy","topic":"Carbon Dioxide Capture Technologies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Energie; Ministry of Rural Affairs","keywords":"Greenhouse gas; Environmental economics; Carbon neutrality; Hydrogen technologies; Environmental science; Renewable energy; Biomass (ecology); Carbon capture and storage (timeline); Bio-energy with carbon capture and storage; Production (economics); Environmental resource management; Climate change; Hydrogen production; Natural resource economics; Climate change mitigation; Economics; Ecology; Hydrogen economy; Hydrogen; Chemistry","authors":[{"name":"Johannes Full","is_ca":false},{"name":"Sonja Ziehn","is_ca":false},{"name":"Marcel Geller","is_ca":false},{"name":"Robert Miehe","is_ca":false},{"name":"Alexander Sauer","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01699115289430573,"gpt":0.2003573052787323,"spread":0.1833661523844266,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003808043,0.001481483,0.0006049772,0.003797243,0.0007247422,0.004562756,0.00145886,0.001465977,0.004062688],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003246392,0.0004177625,0.0008296508,0.003236906,0.003108165,0.003449535,0.002640229,0.002294606,0.0005059123],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.007691381,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.004112057,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01350638,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.007098865,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9963516,0.000987775,0.0001647736,0.0002483238,0.002020149,0.0002274852],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982519,0.0006509614,0.0001863541,0.0001680235,0.0006797867,0.00006308733],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003925998,0.0000874977,0.0009843088,0.0003409026,0.00003600957,0.0001194536,0.0001089372,0.1379304,0.002508298,0.8022078,0.002677609,0.05295952],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002466169,0.000265237,0.002827579,0.0008403555,0.00005517241,0.0001730296,0.0005322059,0.3874178,0.007567659,0.4879957,0.1121734,0.0001271852],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.03124108,0.01005051,0.7504044,0.003296696,0.0003664588,0.0007689057,0.0009739402,0.0002297921,0.2026684],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6937385,0.01446985,0.2708912,0.0004262511,0.0003931441,0.001292129,0.000821483,0.000159969,0.01780743],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01350638,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.05580515,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3100376608","doi":"10.1111/gcbb.12778","title":"A C6/C5 co‐fermenting<i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i>strain with the alleviation of antagonism between xylose utilization and robustness","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"GCB Bioenergy","topic":"Biofuel production and bioconversion","field":"Engineering","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Xylose; Fermentation; Food science; Yeast; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Antagonism; Biochemistry; Chemistry; Ethanol fuel; Lignocellulosic biomass; Biology; Botany","authors":[{"name":"Fangqing Wei","is_ca":false},{"name":"Menglei Li","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ming Wang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Hongxing Li","is_ca":false},{"name":"Zailu Li","is_ca":false},{"name":"Wensheng Qin","is_ca":true},{"name":"Tiandi Wei","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jianzhi Zhao","is_ca":false},{"name":"Xiaoming Bao","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03088715627084129,"gpt":0.2217488774885022,"spread":0.190861721217661,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001548772,0.0008224734,0.00045036,0.0003097272,0.0002238789,0.0004649101,0.000641591,0.0003872809,0.001440657],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000162702,0.0001802889,0.0005333808,0.0004188432,0.0002054623,0.0001602626,0.0004950889,0.0007228113,0.000497285],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003494294,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003124108,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003174239,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002686304,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996684,0.00003848782,0.00005154397,0.00007750435,0.0001090826,0.00005496694],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998093,0.00001725282,0.00005455998,0.00003529013,0.00002457272,0.00005907042],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004898781,0.00003739745,0.000139047,0.00002257906,0.000007699779,0.00005017746,0.000009893435,0.00005798525,0.9988588,0.00004570552,0.00003650049,0.0006852454],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001178866,0.0002235139,0.003989551,0.00001019945,0.00003250577,0.0002588172,0.00005160634,0.001662506,0.9918087,0.00001813868,0.00191764,0.00001493548],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9936274,0.0002768314,0.003230144,0.0001082073,0.00004231539,0.00005079653,0.001298735,0.0002161124,0.001149413],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9867503,0.0002593139,0.006169842,0.00007636227,0.00001166311,0.00005187677,0.002651584,0.0001443127,0.003884726],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.003174239,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.006311536,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2122717238","doi":"10.1111/gcbb.12259","title":"Carbon dioxide exchange dynamics over a mature switchgrass stand","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"GCB Bioenergy","topic":"Bioenergy crop production and management","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Panicum virgatum; Eddy covariance; Ecosystem respiration; Primary production; Environmental science; Carbon sequestration; Bioenergy; Ecosystem; Carbon dioxide; Agronomy; Biomass (ecology); Productivity; Animal science; Biofuel; Ecology; Biology","authors":[{"name":"Elke Eichelmann","is_ca":true},{"name":"Claudia Wagner‐Riddle","is_ca":true},{"name":"J. Warland","is_ca":true},{"name":"Bill Deen","is_ca":true},{"name":"Paul Voroney","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0201651809318851,"gpt":0.2104254995530836,"spread":0.1902603186211985,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007633317,0.0001921612,0.0001189778,0.0002579924,0.0002488607,0.0002914353,0.0001362729,0.0001164886,0.0003857163],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001168519,0.0000681278,0.0001094704,0.0002048582,0.000109622,0.0001220444,0.0001209802,0.00007880976,0.00005000929],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001053288,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003972097,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.1782772,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.3857413,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999969,0.000001876342,0.000001643234,0.00001129128,0.000008006333,0.000008188495],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999093,0.00000996878,0.00001872854,0.0000034322,0.00003239796,0.00002618887],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002360706,0.0000487918,0.9447136,0.00002040146,0.00007771697,0.0003247789,0.0002784166,0.002096467,0.04571432,0.00005282232,0.0001998004,0.006236875],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000001505063,0.0000192702,0.998389,8.530977e-7,0.000005540284,0.00001940614,0.00007002717,0.001087561,0.000313458,0.000005233484,0.0000859197,0.000002261665],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9997618,0.00001356675,0.00002017394,0.000002450485,4.111336e-7,7.251236e-7,0.00009426267,0.00000167294,0.0001050231],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996451,0.000009342543,0.00003622505,0.000002262619,5.969322e-7,8.462809e-7,0.0002067026,4.10451e-7,0.00009837368],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1782772,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.354479,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2144962220","doi":"10.1111/j.1757-1707.2012.01181.x","title":"Assessing the potential of wildfires as a sustainable bioenergy opportunity","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"GCB Bioenergy","topic":"Fire effects on ecosystems","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"CYTED Ciencia y Tecnología para el Desarrollo; International Development Research Centre; Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Bioenergy; Greenhouse gas; Environmental science; Fossil fuel; Biomass (ecology); Natural resource economics; Biofuel; Land use; Agroforestry; Environmental protection; Ecology; Economics","authors":[{"name":"Santiago R. Verón","is_ca":false},{"name":"Estéban G. Jobbágy","is_ca":false},{"name":"Carlos M. Di Bella","is_ca":false},{"name":"José M. Paruelo","is_ca":false},{"name":"Robert B. Jackson","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01117357867729104,"gpt":0.2501193791630411,"spread":0.23894580048575,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001441989,0.0002777165,0.0001788831,0.0005307399,0.0002656238,0.001049613,0.0002340262,0.0005909545,0.001918758],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002174012,0.00008907379,0.000350589,0.0005282855,0.0003299136,0.001150456,0.0005480601,0.0003873734,0.0001445341],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005661851,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003357063,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003344831,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0105839,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999605,0.0001984684,0.00001698028,0.00003873658,0.00008190398,0.00005901337],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985178,0.0008091584,0.0002768333,0.00006189072,0.0001628995,0.0001712681],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000381655,0.0002187495,0.9046457,0.00008650384,0.000247374,0.0003325881,0.0001199498,0.05586872,0.003912956,0.004467485,0.0004969109,0.02922141],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004413145,0.001133034,0.7916301,0.0001067084,0.0002089713,0.0004167877,0.003713217,0.1685081,0.006226836,0.02446548,0.003489201,0.00005744501],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9925575,0.0002857285,0.002177101,0.0001160238,0.000009502627,0.00001509545,0.0001703669,0.000006428053,0.004662198],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990484,0.0001114992,0.0005606759,0.00001458944,0.000004067928,0.000004065927,0.00005824619,0.00000135827,0.0001971097],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.003344831,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.007626057,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2102915793","doi":"10.1111/gcbb.12058","title":"A spatial model of climate change effects on yields and break‐even prices of switchgrass and miscanthus in Ontario, Canada","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"GCB Bioenergy","topic":"Bioenergy crop production and management","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Natural Resources Canada; Canadian Forest Service; University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Miscanthus; Energy crop; Greenhouse gas; Environmental science; Climate change; Bioenergy; Panicum virgatum; Agronomy; Biomass (ecology); Agroforestry; Tonne; Agriculture; Global warming; Biofuel; Geography; Ecology; Biology","authors":[{"name":"Aaron V. De Laporte","is_ca":true},{"name":"Alfons Weersink","is_ca":true},{"name":"Daniel W. McKenney","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01327752141668544,"gpt":0.1715217600779413,"spread":0.1582442386612558,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002137145,0.0005625582,0.0003856275,0.0006105182,0.001420674,0.0013122,0.001570658,0.0006988964,0.004321285],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000780408,0.0004363204,0.0008063344,0.00137559,0.0009008117,0.0004410145,0.0005135865,0.0004830921,0.0002505133],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.03968018,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.01909578,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9927809,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9895107,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998205,0.00001884072,0.000006889752,0.00003878886,0.00003839074,0.00007658296],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995652,0.00007060909,0.00003675602,0.00001615126,0.0002375451,0.0000738029],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001367166,0.00005663665,0.04698375,0.00003901756,0.00006570361,0.0001838713,0.0001213092,0.9443401,0.001070774,0.002371555,0.00225224,0.002378251],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009457838,0.00003529286,0.04127467,0.00001954764,0.00004425551,0.00002887376,0.0004461446,0.9532401,0.0003395533,0.0005934155,0.003841918,0.00004159935],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9779443,0.000160684,0.001604056,0.0004789309,0.00002114339,0.00005943048,0.007654382,0.00009916181,0.01197789],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9920489,0.0001659111,0.0008504339,0.00002921125,0.000003060884,0.00003105508,0.00255707,0.00001624118,0.004298144],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03968018,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2879012,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4385074785","doi":"10.1111/gcbb.13081","title":"Under what circumstances can the forest sector contribute to 2050 climate change mitigation targets? A study from forest ecosystems to landfill methane emissions for the province of Quebec, Canada","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"GCB Bioenergy","topic":"Environmental Impact and Sustainability","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Canadian Sport Centre Pacific; Natural Resources Canada; Université Laval","funders":"Natural Resources Canada","keywords":"Greenhouse gas; Environmental science; Baseline (sea); Climate change mitigation; Climate change; Carbon sequestration; Sustainability; Forest management; Business as usual; Sustainable forest management; Forest product; Environmental protection; Natural resource economics; Agroforestry; Carbon dioxide; Ecology; Economics","authors":[{"name":"Lucas Moreau","is_ca":true},{"name":"Évelyne Thiffault","is_ca":true},{"name":"Werner A. Kurz","is_ca":true},{"name":"Robert Beauregard","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01595172811049839,"gpt":0.2438885520946899,"spread":0.2279368239841915,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000628405,0.0005092926,0.0002996575,0.0007971134,0.001588939,0.001356123,0.0009280324,0.0004376858,0.002062741],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001604665,0.0001946978,0.0007458246,0.002114843,0.0006201604,0.0005740908,0.0003778761,0.0004920721,0.0001161649],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.06200462,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0428715,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9986614,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9990803,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994848,0.00008139355,0.00001306939,0.00006518313,0.0001056123,0.0002499182],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998884,0.0001944483,0.0000983557,0.00003758188,0.0006318127,0.0001538163],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006051401,0.0003336727,0.8482618,0.0003882162,0.0007437476,0.0009112429,0.001113379,0.0862171,0.004339845,0.005842988,0.009827328,0.04141563],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00008720405,0.0001517357,0.8978125,0.0001112153,0.0003544992,0.00007613104,0.00675687,0.07798506,0.001458865,0.0007251359,0.01439191,0.00008889491],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9856309,0.001051179,0.0005774297,0.001154688,0.000013873,0.00007040466,0.003421282,0.00002036846,0.008059897],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9970228,0.0003793306,0.0004101045,0.00009305316,0.000003299427,0.00001417825,0.0007371354,0.000004552466,0.001335568],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.06200462,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4498771,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4324141117","doi":"10.1111/gcbb.13048","title":"Diverting residual biomass to energy use: Quantifying the global warming potential of biogenic <scp>CO<sub>2</sub></scp> (<scp>GWP<sub>bCO2</sub></scp>)","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"GCB Bioenergy","topic":"Environmental Impact and Sustainability","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Canadian Bio-Systems (Canada); Canadian Energy Research Institute; University of Calgary; Natural Resources Canada","funders":"Edmonton Community Foundation","keywords":"Bioenergy; Biomass (ecology); Environmental science; Greenhouse gas; Biofuel; Fossil fuel; Global warming; Lignocellulosic biomass; Global-warming potential; Carbon dioxide; Raw material; Carbon footprint; Pulp and paper industry; Environmental engineering; Waste management; Agronomy; Climate change; Chemistry; Ecology; Engineering","authors":[{"name":"Adekunbi B. Adetona","is_ca":true},{"name":"David B. Layzell","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0209323953804414,"gpt":0.2536938634335919,"spread":0.2327614680531505,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003109059,0.0004370566,0.0002064207,0.0004127135,0.0001248014,0.0003524988,0.0002415119,0.000432754,0.0004964586],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004407834,0.000181888,0.0004502461,0.0006963534,0.0002497818,0.0003827198,0.0002166316,0.0002397029,0.00009493165],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003568532,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001432862,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00360268,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004356777,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999904,0.00001866377,0.000004659864,0.0000294096,0.00002733455,0.00001594846],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997929,0.00009707305,0.00004356609,0.00001748599,0.00003385891,0.00001505674],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001330262,0.0001828553,0.4678344,0.0003059424,0.0004627962,0.000340255,0.0001430698,0.2314692,0.2671274,0.0006408093,0.0001694363,0.02999361],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002950991,0.0005449948,0.5704037,0.00002309241,0.000191915,0.0001429825,0.0003044091,0.2797528,0.1467811,0.000750349,0.001030334,0.00004474042],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9983711,0.0000402278,0.001056943,0.00000473644,0.000001534635,0.000004698075,0.0002220875,0.00001126756,0.0002873876],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990394,0.0000306608,0.000553024,0.000003569255,7.620204e-7,0.000008346556,0.0002652293,0.000005461421,0.00009364237],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.00360268,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.007163405,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3181029913","doi":"10.1111/gcbb.12882","title":"Valorization of tree leaves waste using microwave‐assisted hydrothermal carbonization process","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"GCB Bioenergy","topic":"Thermochemical Biomass Conversion Processes","field":"Engineering","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi Province; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities; National Key Research and Development Program of China; Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China","keywords":"Hydrothermal carbonization; Hydrothermal circulation; Carbonization; Biomass (ecology); Pyrolysis; Materials science; Degradation (telecommunications); Pulp and paper industry; Kinetics; Chemical engineering; Activation energy; Nuclear chemistry; Chemistry; Agronomy; Organic chemistry; Scanning electron microscope; Composite material; Biology","authors":[{"name":"Kang Kang","is_ca":true},{"name":"Tianle Zhang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Guotao Sun","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ming-Qiang Zhu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Kankan Li","is_ca":false},{"name":"Dongbing Li","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01199551335806178,"gpt":0.2115380944907301,"spread":0.1995425811326683,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008459594,0.0002173953,0.0002101122,0.0002504412,0.0001195213,0.0001982528,0.0001335128,0.0001507648,0.0004653987],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009033576,0.00009351376,0.0002043099,0.0002785189,0.0001257485,0.0001718917,0.0001269584,0.0002498995,0.0001070911],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001478857,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001479331,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007188157,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002353261,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999473,0.000005566082,0.000003210844,0.00001331992,0.00001781962,0.00001281852],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999703,0.000005151223,0.00000810402,0.000003762912,0.000007570775,0.000004999359],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003414925,0.000004918286,0.0002332832,0.00003781754,0.000004950606,0.0000279451,0.00001630353,0.0001307755,0.9976291,0.00003730563,0.0000132558,0.001830248],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000005264434,0.00007730439,0.004119085,0.000003634395,0.00001084804,0.00006416245,0.00002798151,0.001014292,0.9938036,0.00002633271,0.0008431462,0.000004330393],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9967005,0.0004412,0.002116332,0.0000148338,0.00000675736,0.000009874167,0.00007671159,0.00002520514,0.0006086905],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9964063,0.0002693064,0.002467483,0.00001537263,0.000003411785,0.000008404254,0.0001070167,0.00001074408,0.0007119676],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0007188157,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.001556873,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4280646737","doi":"10.1111/gcbb.12951","title":"Broad‐scale wood degradation dynamics in the face of climate change: A meta‐analysis","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"GCB Bioenergy","topic":"Forest Ecology and Biodiversity Studies","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Ministère des Ressources naturelles et des Forêts; University of Toronto; Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Coarse woody debris; Environmental science; Disturbance (geology); Climate change; Context (archaeology); Scale (ratio); Forest management; Biomass (ecology); Habitat; Snag; Ecology; Biodiversity; Environmental resource management; Agroforestry; Geography; Biology","authors":[{"name":"Catherine Chagnon","is_ca":true},{"name":"Guillaume Moreau","is_ca":true},{"name":"Christine Bombardier‐Cauffopé","is_ca":true},{"name":"Julie Barrette","is_ca":true},{"name":"Filip Havreljuk","is_ca":true},{"name":"Alexis Achim","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04357407462813111,"gpt":0.2276554136350545,"spread":0.1840813390069234,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01475344,0.001917835,0.00574623,0.005176913,0.0007807729,0.002806762,0.002373226,0.001800435,0.004140011],"category_scores_gemma":[0.023246,0.0009808976,0.03926633,0.006630131,0.0005736281,0.001422488,0.001864464,0.002188761,0.0004470264],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00100361,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001553432,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.009065899,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01353701,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9904463,0.005604783,0.001354059,0.001823772,0.0004393869,0.0003317571],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9805462,0.01494102,0.001362974,0.001935441,0.0008830458,0.0003314368],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"meta_analysis","study_design_gemma":"meta_analysis","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001159215,0.00004577171,0.06792236,0.02872331,0.8869517,0.0003752755,0.0001961319,0.004164667,0.0008529961,0.000340751,0.001522897,0.00774492],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002181254,0.0002191479,0.06033488,0.004532509,0.9258952,0.000236995,0.0002362426,0.003429359,0.0004353591,0.0008554351,0.003534259,0.00007231275],"study_design_candidate":"meta_analysis","study_design_consensus":"meta_analysis","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.2155759,0.7323679,0.02758376,0.002426998,0.0009145513,0.0004034809,0.0184512,0.0005216905,0.001754526],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9467692,0.04022773,0.006579734,0.0009045638,0.0001434224,0.0004763167,0.004335302,0.0001801092,0.0003836137],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01475344,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.07802463,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2118924169","doi":"10.1111/gcbb.12254","title":"Additional supporting evidence for significant <scp>iLUC</scp> emissions of oilseed rape biodiesel production in the <scp>EU</scp> based on causal descriptive modeling approach","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"GCB Bioenergy","topic":"Biofuel production and bioconversion","field":"Engineering","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"International Fine Particle Research Institute; ClimateWorks Foundation","keywords":"Greenhouse gas; Biofuel; Biodiesel; Environmental science; Renewable energy; Land use, land-use change and forestry; European union; Land use; Natural resource economics; Agricultural engineering; Engineering; Waste management; Business; Economics; Chemistry; Ecology","authors":[{"name":"Anil Baral","is_ca":false},{"name":"Chris Malins","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.09763125260820457,"gpt":0.2674046718886662,"spread":0.1697734192804616,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003606141,0.000589058,0.0003347502,0.002034348,0.000309415,0.001078472,0.001158093,0.0007069322,0.01163602],"category_scores_gemma":[0.009810632,0.0002603524,0.00165103,0.001948394,0.0008189405,0.0009913896,0.0009646643,0.0004828329,0.0004127578],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00174879,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001633297,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02299122,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01938336,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983658,0.0006175341,0.0001430155,0.0003192278,0.0004452574,0.0001091232],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9715821,0.02147325,0.003311984,0.001493019,0.001874904,0.000264605],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001209537,0.0006210427,0.4033585,0.002385171,0.002479658,0.002015832,0.0004093588,0.4171091,0.00987288,0.09268647,0.006502044,0.06135045],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002830059,0.0005879356,0.2978108,0.0006820234,0.001419546,0.0006709049,0.002606371,0.5658163,0.01507559,0.0910224,0.02385349,0.0001716476],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8910939,0.001293394,0.05161965,0.004342968,0.00009438233,0.0001220204,0.009542614,0.0003728914,0.04151828],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9956079,0.0003367375,0.002134745,0.0001292483,0.00001223051,0.00001269609,0.001352429,0.00001132282,0.0004025752],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02299122,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0457148,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4211245055","doi":"10.1111/gcbb.12928","title":"Limited effect of wood ash application on soil quality as indicated by a multisite assessment of soil organic matter attributes","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"GCB Bioenergy","topic":"Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba; Université TÉLUQ; University of Saskatchewan; Laurentian University; Natural Resources Canada; University of Northern British Columbia; Ontario Forest Research Institute; Ministry of Energy, Northern Development and Mines; Lakehead University","funders":"Natural Resources Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Lakehead University","keywords":"Wood ash; Environmental science; Biomass (ecology); Soil fertility; Soil quality; Soil water; Soil organic matter; Nutrient; Bioenergy; Organic matter; Productivity; Soil carbon; Agronomy; Carbon sequestration; Nitrogen; Biofuel; Soil science; Ecology; Chemistry; Biology","authors":[{"name":"Ruth Joseph","is_ca":true},{"name":"Amanda Diochon","is_ca":true},{"name":"Dave Morris","is_ca":true},{"name":"Lisa Venier","is_ca":true},{"name":"Caroline E. Emilson","is_ca":true},{"name":"Nathan Basiliko","is_ca":true},{"name":"Nicolas Bélanger","is_ca":true},{"name":"Trevor A. Jones","is_ca":true},{"name":"John Markham","is_ca":true},{"name":"Michael P. Rutherford","is_ca":true},{"name":"Emily Smenderovac","is_ca":true},{"name":"Ken Van Rees","is_ca":true},{"name":"Paul W. Hazlett","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.009784168635347174,"gpt":0.2500627362314993,"spread":0.2402785675961522,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003544198,0.0002842438,0.0003451078,0.0002939092,0.0008032359,0.0006652295,0.0005539165,0.0002330925,0.0008186604],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004835109,0.0001617781,0.0002255799,0.0003381688,0.0005542915,0.0001888556,0.0003560521,0.0004550174,0.0001090484],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.003868108,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.003063239,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.478815,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.7881812,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995303,0.00005484678,0.0000230575,0.00009829149,0.000210161,0.00008328432],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987242,0.0001430745,0.0001902492,0.00008767114,0.0005845866,0.0002702254],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.003656211,0.0007175697,0.1474253,0.0001420635,0.0001762818,0.0001563779,0.0004651011,0.0006482312,0.8338097,0.0000649711,0.0001726514,0.01256551],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002373744,0.002321256,0.889278,0.00001319124,0.00008122961,0.00004420444,0.0006505627,0.0009460226,0.1053613,0.00003465493,0.001231529,0.00001438674],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9988895,0.00007478269,0.0002117757,0.00001080184,0.000003004802,0.0000346402,0.0001845085,0.000008430568,0.0005826681],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9963979,0.00008963923,0.000901495,0.00003803855,0.000001406485,0.00003531046,0.0003946617,0.000006239422,0.002135329],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.478815,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9520561,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2983781998","doi":"10.1111/gcbb.12661","title":"Short‐term growth response of jack pine and spruce spp. to wood ash amendment across Canada","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"GCB Bioenergy","topic":"Forest ecology and management","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry; University of Manitoba; Lakehead University; University of Northern British Columbia; Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue; Université TÉLUQ; University of Saskatchewan; Natural Resources Canada","funders":"Natural Resources Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Amendment; Wood ash; Black spruce; Environmental science; Bioenergy; Soil water; Nutrient; Biomass (ecology); Agronomy; Green waste; Ecology; Biology; Taiga; Biofuel; Law; Compost; Soil science","authors":[{"name":"Caroline E. Emilson","is_ca":true},{"name":"Nicolas Bélanger","is_ca":true},{"name":"Suzanne Brais","is_ca":true},{"name":"Colin E. Chisholm","is_ca":true},{"name":"Amanda Diochon","is_ca":true},{"name":"Ruth Joseph","is_ca":true},{"name":"John Markham","is_ca":true},{"name":"Dave Morris","is_ca":true},{"name":"Ken Van Rees","is_ca":true},{"name":"P. Michael Rutherford","is_ca":true},{"name":"Lisa Venier","is_ca":true},{"name":"Paul W. Hazlett","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.004960455292348198,"gpt":0.2084894461870051,"spread":0.2035289908946569,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002718271,0.0003174228,0.0002938157,0.0005729566,0.00108666,0.000566816,0.0004770949,0.0001967454,0.0007297599],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003827501,0.0001693542,0.0002429336,0.0007060597,0.0003010076,0.0001925867,0.000263651,0.0002812484,0.0001439423],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.007115116,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.005135429,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9344781,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9845037,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997578,0.00001269043,0.00001001974,0.00006891144,0.00007699579,0.00007354456],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989263,0.00005840716,0.00009694517,0.0000301311,0.0007432002,0.0001449539],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001369534,0.0002260994,0.5801828,0.0002816954,0.0001871938,0.0003887855,0.001684055,0.001113839,0.3855451,0.0001314854,0.0009803444,0.02790915],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003608268,0.0001296506,0.9910692,0.000008886253,0.00002642645,0.0000244742,0.0009683768,0.0003339605,0.006244058,0.00001270354,0.001168511,0.00001004742],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9977567,0.000173429,0.0001282295,0.00002256111,0.00000384841,0.00001896601,0.0009447258,0.00001188587,0.00093974],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9952409,0.0002829141,0.0005331188,0.00005451566,0.000001463635,0.00002278327,0.001136639,0.000007890076,0.002719759],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0655219,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1318155,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3132904063","doi":"10.1111/gcbb.12819","title":"Elevated efficiency of C<sub>3</sub> photosynthesis in bamboo grasses: A possible consequence of enhanced refixation of photorespired CO<sub>2</sub>","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"GCB Bioenergy","topic":"Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico; Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior","keywords":"Bamboo; Photosynthesis; Chloroplast; Photorespiration; Vascular bundle; Oryza sativa; Botany; Biology; Miscanthus; Photosynthetic efficiency; RuBisCO; Bioenergy; Biofuel; Ecology","authors":[{"name":"Murilo de Melo Peixoto","is_ca":false},{"name":"Tammy L. Sage","is_ca":true},{"name":"Florian A. Busch","is_ca":false},{"name":"Haryel Domingos N. Pacheco","is_ca":false},{"name":"Moemy Gomes de Moraes","is_ca":false},{"name":"Tomás Aquino Portes","is_ca":false},{"name":"Rogério de Araújo Almeida","is_ca":false},{"name":"Dalva Graciano‐Ribeiro","is_ca":false},{"name":"Rowan F. Sage","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.007492970537801398,"gpt":0.2074861826914852,"spread":0.1999932121536838,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001050126,0.0002533486,0.0001510468,0.0002159976,0.000254384,0.0002516607,0.0001653017,0.0002305467,0.000486433],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001179863,0.0001317737,0.0001063578,0.0001126028,0.0002488673,0.0001417787,0.0001476,0.0001757952,0.0001204322],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002338971,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001078544,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003281752,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003299543,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999951,0.000007664954,0.000002656593,0.00001560302,0.00000612862,0.00001699812],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998899,0.00001179817,0.00003508464,0.000010023,0.00001426499,0.00003899187],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001323173,0.000007942326,0.01108226,0.00001707476,0.000006348422,0.00006216569,0.00006016349,0.0000255172,0.9881083,0.0000315843,0.000009535836,0.0004568386],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001432539,0.0002090434,0.8997254,0.000006141286,0.00002142385,0.0005206652,0.0003076082,0.0006090509,0.09789384,0.0001282495,0.0005547745,0.00000947394],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9997125,0.00004806541,0.00009678185,0.000005975424,9.164615e-7,0.000001134533,0.00002373436,0.000003422387,0.0001074342],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996669,0.00002599478,0.0001152214,0.000008517498,8.851532e-7,0.000001956179,0.00004431068,0.00000174511,0.0001343919],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.003281752,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.006525278,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4214703510","doi":"10.1111/gcbb.12934","title":"Quantifying past, current, and future forest carbon stocks within agroforestry systems in central Alberta, Canada","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"GCB Bioenergy","topic":"Agroforestry and silvopastoral systems","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada; National Natural Science Foundation of China; Alberta Biodiversity Monitoring Institute; China Scholarship Council; Ministry of Education","keywords":"Windbreak; Agroforestry; Carbon sequestration; Environmental science; Land use; Hectare; Land use, land-use change and forestry; Carbon stock; Climate change; Geography; Forestry; Agriculture; Ecology; Carbon dioxide; Biology","authors":[{"name":"Zhengfeng An","is_ca":true},{"name":"Edward W. Bork","is_ca":true},{"name":"Xinyi Duan","is_ca":true},{"name":"Cole D. Gross","is_ca":true},{"name":"Cameron N. Carlyle","is_ca":true},{"name":"Scott X. Chang","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01810869295837332,"gpt":0.2039203510552106,"spread":0.1858116580968373,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004357691,0.0004123452,0.0002308492,0.002094839,0.001597353,0.00180348,0.001001985,0.0002763841,0.001030156],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006333013,0.000175061,0.0002990242,0.004005128,0.0005776712,0.0002982247,0.0005473311,0.000221263,0.00015523],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.02833299,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.02022593,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9945149,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9983245,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996431,0.00002037781,0.00001441166,0.00006073836,0.0001382929,0.00012308],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991579,0.00004683333,0.00008636761,0.00002674745,0.000500062,0.0001821575],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001886172,0.00005270389,0.9593175,0.0001108246,0.0001393701,0.0002364048,0.0009867365,0.004389144,0.001661295,0.000493806,0.001772079,0.03065154],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000007973584,0.00001561501,0.9902892,0.00005884707,0.00004727435,0.00005299396,0.002536896,0.003978391,0.0002699487,0.0000993709,0.002628266,0.000015171],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9913133,0.001049166,0.0003275681,0.00008962201,0.000006483504,0.00004126619,0.003528022,0.000024513,0.00362013],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9957449,0.0004501848,0.0007746877,0.00003129612,0.000002656198,0.00001300827,0.001637368,0.000003896416,0.001342038],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02833299,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2055712,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4389143422","doi":"10.1111/gcbb.13109","title":"Environmental factors controlling biochar climate change mitigation potential in British Columbia's agricultural soils","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"GCB Bioenergy","topic":"Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Biochar; Environmental science; Tonne; Carbon sequestration; Greenhouse gas; Soil carbon; Climate change; Soil water; Climate change mitigation; Biomass (ecology); Agriculture; Environmental protection; Carbon dioxide; Agronomy; Soil science; Ecology; Chemistry; Pyrolysis","authors":[{"name":"David Lefebvre","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jean‐Thomas Cornelis","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jeroen Meersmans","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jack Edgar","is_ca":true},{"name":"Morgan Hamilton","is_ca":true},{"name":"Xiaotao Bi","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01156757077653023,"gpt":0.183307993297508,"spread":0.1717404225209777,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002524658,0.0005212422,0.0002957723,0.0005812501,0.001143856,0.00224358,0.0007965296,0.0006119143,0.002406658],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008925203,0.0002296378,0.0003577945,0.001194861,0.000602842,0.0004491118,0.0004105119,0.0004344255,0.000227944],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0220441,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.009181241,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9655627,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9603285,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997165,0.00004444963,0.00001055218,0.00004226965,0.00004480235,0.0001413318],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999453,0.0001527403,0.0000436816,0.00002053158,0.0002505579,0.00007945189],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006244368,0.000201066,0.2762633,0.0002465862,0.0002320479,0.0008715305,0.0002256502,0.6752253,0.01792144,0.002961925,0.004442466,0.02078425],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001462571,0.0002117321,0.5119718,0.0001026592,0.0002278219,0.0001375769,0.002893698,0.4655307,0.006834578,0.001461781,0.01033904,0.0001423689],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.990213,0.000207661,0.0003005221,0.0002487871,0.000007529848,0.00003108218,0.001280636,0.0000283691,0.007682486],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9980114,0.000164751,0.0001609052,0.00002542261,0.000001131677,0.0000120667,0.0003606154,0.000005687187,0.00125791],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0344373,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.159942,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4401824251","doi":"10.1111/gcbb.13178","title":"Flea beetle (<i>Phyllotreta</i> spp.) management in spring‐planted canola (<i>Brassica napus</i> L.) on the northern Great Plains of North America","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"GCB Bioenergy","topic":"Insect-Plant Interactions and Control","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Agriculture Food and Rural Development; Northern Alberta Institute of Technology; Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada; University of Manitoba; Alberta Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry; Saskatchewan Ministry of Agriculture; University of Alberta","funders":"Alberta Canola Producers Commission; Alberta Wheat Commission; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Government of Alberta; European Commission; Alberta Pulse Growers Commission; Canola Council of Canada; Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada; Western Grains Research Foundation","keywords":"Canola; Flea beetle; Biology; Brassicaceae; Brassica rapa; Agronomy; Brassica; Integrated pest management; Botany","authors":[{"name":"Priyanka Mittapelly","is_ca":true},{"name":"Kristen Guelly","is_ca":true},{"name":"Altaf Hussain","is_ca":true},{"name":"Héctor A. Cárcamo","is_ca":true},{"name":"Juliana J. Soroka","is_ca":true},{"name":"Meghan A. Vankosky","is_ca":true},{"name":"Dwayne D. Hegedus","is_ca":true},{"name":"James A. Tansey","is_ca":true},{"name":"Alejandro C. Costamagna","is_ca":true},{"name":"John Gavloski","is_ca":true},{"name":"Janet J. Knodel","is_ca":false},{"name":"Boyd A. Mori","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.009226316758784613,"gpt":0.1920473352490795,"spread":0.1828210184902949,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001675284,0.0002629857,0.000148828,0.0005191361,0.0007027652,0.0004917661,0.0004272735,0.0001984531,0.0007171294],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001544362,0.00008564228,0.0001372746,0.0004992133,0.0003590728,0.0002013421,0.0002484802,0.0001778837,0.0001027982],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002457455,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00126331,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.2754293,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.6099896,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998777,0.00001724304,0.000004403256,0.00003803299,0.00002733969,0.00003531813],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996496,0.00002329668,0.0001123724,0.000009730357,0.00009250996,0.0001124276],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008407696,0.0007795099,0.8591583,0.0004174523,0.0002602358,0.003693652,0.004200599,0.0008846308,0.07944395,0.0002493645,0.003832382,0.04623916],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000005385318,0.0001338694,0.9937322,0.00001670525,0.00003034448,0.0001198605,0.002324307,0.0002886173,0.0008457619,0.00002817851,0.002467153,0.000007539174],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9985475,0.0003620793,0.00002936527,0.00007148761,0.000005819963,0.000009683473,0.00007591166,0.0000091774,0.0008889602],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9983144,0.0003059486,0.0001502575,0.00005174347,0.000002959956,0.00001242924,0.0001706907,0.000001764052,0.000989778],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7245706,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5476524,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}