{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":22,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":22,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12","author_layer_release":"2026-06-26"},"query_hash":"f15a90227967","filters":{"venue":"Heritage Language Journal"}},"results":[{"id":"W175434161","doi":"10.46538/hlj.8.1.5","title":"Assessing Differences and Similarities between Instructed Heritage Language Learners and L2 Learners in Their Knowledge of Spanish Tense-Aspect and Mood (TAM) Morphology","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Heritage Language Journal","topic":"Language Development and Disorders","field":"Psychology","cited_by":114,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Linguistics; Heritage language; Psychology; Contrast (vision); Past tense; Phonology; Second-language acquisition; Imperfect; First language; Language proficiency; Mood; Verb; Computer science; Philosophy; Social psychology; Artificial intelligence","authors":[{"name":"Silvina Montrul","is_ca":false},{"name":"Sílvia Perpiñán","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04193838286791723,"gpt":0.2958800192547985,"spread":0.2539416363868812,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000585907,0.0003844746,0.000393108,0.0008551262,0.0003898061,0.0008842435,0.0003259702,0.0004408313,0.002841814],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00233593,0.0002130338,0.0002599648,0.0002168441,0.0006349376,0.0006432426,0.001005494,0.000569187,0.0009027889],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002889434,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003001049,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002889651,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003623846,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997124,0.00003059173,0.00004338708,0.00009089914,0.00006673709,0.00005592539],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985198,0.0003989069,0.0002936655,0.0001223986,0.0003421145,0.0003230659],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0009883348,0.001874576,0.8810328,0.0001414808,0.00006890775,0.0007122986,0.03817597,0.0001582057,0.0359577,0.0002232611,0.0003137754,0.04035272],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003814788,0.002253879,0.9708813,0.00002180943,0.00004367107,0.0008729572,0.0173696,0.0002631571,0.006692525,0.0002508896,0.001284777,0.00002719982],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9995812,0.00002032568,0.00002950079,0.000003209895,7.568157e-7,0.000008735665,0.00002327848,0.000002200692,0.00033096],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982492,0.00006989567,0.0002537461,0.00002206359,0.000001977519,0.00004620395,0.0001204224,0.00000382208,0.001232733],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.002889651,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.009506762,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W214047036","doi":"10.46538/hlj.6.2.4","title":"Korean Heritage Language Maintenance and Language Ideology","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Heritage Language Journal","topic":"Multilingual Education and Policy","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":70,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"","keywords":"Ideology; Participant observation; Heritage language; Ethnography; Cultural assimilation; Language ideology; Sociology; Linguistics; Psychology; Gender studies; Pedagogy; Political science; Social science; Ethnic group; Anthropology","authors":[{"name":"Mihyon Jeon","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03266278104032254,"gpt":0.3862535904413931,"spread":0.3535908094010705,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001517748,0.0001385552,0.0001338408,0.001139283,0.002550486,0.002852765,0.0003581023,0.0003129632,0.002325632],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003038248,0.0001346529,0.0001463403,0.001082284,0.00354842,0.001607685,0.002498908,0.001036124,0.0001205536],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001350929,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001683869,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01102359,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01827665,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990358,0.0003465974,0.00003892581,0.00008410597,0.0001594291,0.0003351069],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9969257,0.000677985,0.001613698,0.0001110654,0.0002874887,0.0003841206],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000115898,0.0001382,0.6346017,0.00006233953,0.00003015095,0.001290355,0.3165706,0.0000814119,0.001609003,0.01861508,0.0004706678,0.0264146],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001001058,0.00009253406,0.5137253,0.0000881524,0.00002163488,0.0006353553,0.4735991,0.0001609851,0.0004580006,0.002180648,0.009001892,0.0000263267],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9942181,0.00009043932,0.00008639167,0.000214947,0.000003625523,0.000001897481,0.000005904469,9.872543e-7,0.005377599],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995295,0.00006430181,0.00004072918,0.00002619056,0.000002051321,0.000001335396,0.000005804879,9.28622e-7,0.0003292433],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01102359,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02191883,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2516641907","doi":"10.46538/hlj.13.2.5","title":"Global Accent in the Portuguese Speech of Heritage Returnees","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Heritage Language Journal","topic":"Phonetics and Phonology Research","field":"Psychology","cited_by":58,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Stress (linguistics); Portuguese; German; Residence; Heritage language; Context (archaeology); Linguistics; First language; Psychology; Geography; Demography; Sociology","authors":[{"name":"Cristina Flores","is_ca":false},{"name":"Anabela Rato","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02737661262580319,"gpt":0.3540915164099845,"spread":0.3267149037841813,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004297086,0.0001909484,0.0001843747,0.0003799298,0.000320704,0.0005822287,0.0001102844,0.0001831861,0.001578808],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001362961,0.0001006299,0.0001453504,0.0001560663,0.0003923134,0.0002213463,0.0004956531,0.0001956256,0.0002413439],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001121664,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001017447,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00346117,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00622277,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998626,0.00003867384,0.000009283837,0.00002173009,0.00003113371,0.00003656415],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994302,0.0001347008,0.0002030823,0.00003254874,0.00007270002,0.0001266335],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006899667,0.0001169011,0.8544059,0.00009063774,0.0000555806,0.002755063,0.08600946,0.00006806039,0.03343208,0.0001058465,0.0001876548,0.02208292],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004316425,0.0002072788,0.9655325,0.00001226234,0.00001120171,0.0007964522,0.03206467,0.00004358125,0.0007342689,0.00002406326,0.0005600789,0.000009381238],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9997386,0.00001882849,0.0000126635,0.000003959921,0.000001279945,7.612821e-7,0.00000724982,4.259286e-7,0.00021615],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995989,0.00004169507,0.00002303003,0.000006910518,0.000002389482,0.000001150718,0.00001834617,8.479156e-7,0.0003067527],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.00346117,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.006882071,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2568289999","doi":"10.46538/hlj.7.2.2","title":"\"There is no space for being German\": Portraits of Willing and Reluctant Heritage Language Learners of German","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Heritage Language Journal","topic":"EFL/ESL Teaching and Learning","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":43,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada","keywords":"German; Space (punctuation); Heritage language; Inheritance (genetic algorithm); Portrait; Psychology; Linguistics; Study abroad; History; Pedagogy; Art history; Philosophy","authors":[{"name":"Roswita Dressler","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01109906280262206,"gpt":0.268492903897165,"spread":0.2573938410945429,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001746879,0.0008498657,0.0005339765,0.002055936,0.01216476,0.005981483,0.001689852,0.002928173,0.003523472],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00280937,0.0004966363,0.0006266931,0.001084359,0.0154738,0.004315303,0.004853297,0.006373664,0.0008024601],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.003742043,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001238315,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0190635,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.040111,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979514,0.001199717,0.00004661211,0.0001454436,0.0002579189,0.000398849],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987195,0.0005550176,0.0002145805,0.0000552083,0.00008989566,0.000365915],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003861426,0.00002034633,0.002366652,0.00003182366,0.000006046667,0.002013871,0.9853563,0.00002937417,0.000559216,0.005710913,0.002056844,0.001810091],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000052541,0.00002483091,0.003895565,0.00007104273,0.000007240506,0.001363033,0.9730972,0.0001061095,0.0001444851,0.0009038924,0.02036484,0.00001651631],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9343051,0.001680699,0.001106055,0.0105336,0.0002676437,0.00003839561,0.00008205442,0.00004314255,0.05194342],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9915018,0.0007795827,0.0003260858,0.001275428,0.00004726562,0.00003172728,0.00004369712,0.00003669344,0.005957637],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0190635,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0379051,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W198239041","doi":"10.46538/hlj.8.1.2","title":"Psycholinguistic Approaches to Language Processing in Heritage Speakers","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Heritage Language Journal","topic":"Neurobiology of Language and Bilingualism","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Section (typography); Heritage language; Population; Certainty; Computer science; Linguistics; Psycholinguistics; Cultural assimilation; Online and offline; Psychology; Sociology; History; Cognition; Immigration","authors":[{"name":"Patrick Bolger","is_ca":true},{"name":"Gabriela C. Zapata","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1832950374858108,"gpt":0.3068570221944534,"spread":0.1235619847086426,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009323161,0.0004467859,0.0002665602,0.001700649,0.000696438,0.002101357,0.0004716057,0.0005026298,0.003629782],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001848086,0.0001561312,0.0002626014,0.0008180899,0.002660837,0.001893709,0.0009693187,0.001053102,0.0003098215],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00117609,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001072451,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.007776348,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01435619,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996794,0.00011816,0.00001953341,0.00008757057,0.00005481615,0.00004043455],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991983,0.0004898453,0.0001315168,0.00005414009,0.00008386021,0.00004240921],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004664605,0.0004396027,0.1237642,0.003822079,0.0002852467,0.004100631,0.1835237,0.001052805,0.0739661,0.07758993,0.002941167,0.5280481],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003752304,0.0003652997,0.6204467,0.001276537,0.0002446664,0.009995797,0.1191597,0.001708695,0.0169738,0.1521313,0.07750819,0.0001518031],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7453758,0.08529893,0.02942414,0.007222266,0.0001841297,0.00008254641,0.0002331422,0.00009652963,0.1320825],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9609538,0.02220862,0.008668695,0.0009979409,0.0001272603,0.00007739925,0.00007131646,0.0000402946,0.006854592],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.007776348,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01546216,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3045078534","doi":"10.46538/hlj.13.2.6","title":"Cross-language Influence in the Stop Voicing Contrast in Heritage Tagalog","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Heritage Language Journal","topic":"Phonetics and Phonology Research","field":"Psychology","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"The Scarborough Hospital; University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Voice; Tagalog; Markedness; Linguistics; Stress (linguistics); Contrast (vision); Phonology; Computer science; Psychology; Artificial intelligence","authors":[{"name":"Yoonjung Kang","is_ca":true},{"name":"Sneha George","is_ca":true},{"name":"Rachel Soo","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01783850683399238,"gpt":0.3601360597720182,"spread":0.3422975529380258,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003980247,0.0001558948,0.0001710686,0.0003564196,0.0003595714,0.0008901373,0.0001122867,0.0002027405,0.002064339],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001466562,0.0002009706,0.0001056566,0.0001701297,0.0008314308,0.0002754356,0.0007373703,0.000245888,0.000177665],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004838769,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003928813,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0165465,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.05290666,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996682,0.00007044915,0.0000178062,0.00009077688,0.00009342231,0.00005931078],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992236,0.000343394,0.0001276267,0.00007134784,0.0001200156,0.0001140594],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000963559,0.00009151264,0.5051087,0.0001237084,0.0001049202,0.001943206,0.04623622,0.0003232163,0.4150752,0.001626273,0.0001249944,0.02827842],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000009862188,0.00009686864,0.9859316,0.0000082048,0.00003134842,0.0004518469,0.006436507,0.0002909333,0.005945715,0.0002403825,0.0005380789,0.00001858367],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9988726,0.0000168082,0.00005202423,0.000005179826,8.042492e-7,7.323638e-7,0.000004486358,0.000001686994,0.001045651],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996939,0.00001147536,0.00005652639,0.000003729543,5.652785e-7,4.599382e-7,0.000008236548,0.000003024029,0.0002221684],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0165465,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03290033,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2132131265","doi":"10.46538/hlj.5.1.3","title":"Multiple Schools, Languages, Experiences and Affiliations: Ideological Becomings and Positionings","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Heritage Language Journal","topic":"Multilingual Education and Policy","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Ideology; Dialogic; Socialization; Sociology; Agency (philosophy); Friendship; Identity (music); Metadiscourse; Frame (networking); Linguistics; Gender studies; Epistemology; Pedagogy; Aesthetics; Social science; Political science; Law; Politics","authors":[{"name":"Mary Maguire","is_ca":true},{"name":"Xiao Lan Curdt‐Christiansen","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02830206261213192,"gpt":0.410142890723967,"spread":0.3818408281118351,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002752098,0.0003711368,0.0004540496,0.002661615,0.01156624,0.007288923,0.0007459928,0.0008128316,0.002917403],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003505867,0.000348933,0.0002416541,0.001242252,0.01949964,0.005409714,0.008437226,0.002049731,0.000214002],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.003429492,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002394995,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01317077,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02443914,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9970914,0.001368354,0.00009553808,0.0002940457,0.0004637389,0.0006868791],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981521,0.0006339683,0.0003317041,0.0001097385,0.0001856374,0.0005867689],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001730027,0.00001289054,0.007580178,0.00001543845,0.000002429283,0.0004817248,0.9729537,0.00001577887,0.0003524863,0.01478966,0.0001336091,0.003644788],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003623925,0.00001480975,0.008409259,0.00003444878,0.000004618013,0.0003482029,0.9792204,0.00006420113,0.0001857852,0.002373934,0.009328525,0.0000121655],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9638011,0.0003222572,0.0005949116,0.0007745514,0.00002199305,0.00001295694,0.00001358713,0.00000886671,0.03444987],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9977487,0.0001035341,0.0001475677,0.00003342179,0.000005820778,0.000005371124,0.000006406203,0.000006746569,0.001942464],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01317077,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02618825,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3044262528","doi":"10.46538/hlj.13.2.7","title":"Heritage Speakers Follow All the Rules: Language Contact and Convergence in Polish Devoicing","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Heritage Language Journal","topic":"Linguistic Variation and Morphology","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Obstruent; Linguistics; Heritage language; Variation (astronomy); Context (archaeology); Homeland; Language contact; Code-switching; Grammar; Psychology; History; Vowel; Political science","authors":[{"name":"Paulina Łyskawa","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ruth Maddeaux","is_ca":true},{"name":"Emilia Melara","is_ca":true},{"name":"Naomi Nagy","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01886809660341924,"gpt":0.3026847843090389,"spread":0.2838166877056196,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007635713,0.0001400003,0.0002528324,0.0007677035,0.0004718301,0.001376599,0.0002395587,0.0002284455,0.001657557],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003379926,0.0001985655,0.0001264069,0.0005340745,0.001312259,0.001135696,0.001433128,0.0002990653,0.0001974435],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003064133,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002562839,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006916879,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.009045269,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995789,0.00008636355,0.0000347134,0.0001284992,0.0001010573,0.00007047229],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991296,0.0003696589,0.0001970242,0.000149504,0.00008850099,0.00006574233],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007433149,0.0001156187,0.6896279,0.0001506278,0.0001303163,0.001827894,0.1329696,0.0009834531,0.0793678,0.01501753,0.0001624504,0.07890342],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001151765,0.0001064853,0.9693567,0.00001657852,0.00004496582,0.001037055,0.01996023,0.001415764,0.003835604,0.002991152,0.001200335,0.00002363917],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9985639,0.00002850154,0.0003192644,0.000008842057,3.233343e-7,0.000001755335,0.000008806568,0.000002371854,0.001066228],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996742,0.00002076124,0.0001508434,0.000001821457,4.360082e-7,0.000001486044,0.0000102848,0.000002439975,0.0001377685],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.006916879,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01375324,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2768563820","doi":"10.46538/hlj.14.2.2","title":"Comparing the Outcomes of Early and Late Acquisition of European Portuguese: An Analysis of Morpho-syntactic and Phonetic Performance","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Heritage Language Journal","topic":"Phonetics and Phonology Research","field":"Psychology","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Portuguese; German; Linguistics; Morpho; Competence (human resources); Stress (linguistics); European Portuguese; Pitch accent; Psychology; Heritage language; Prosody; Philosophy","authors":[{"name":"Cristina Flores","is_ca":false},{"name":"Esther Rinke","is_ca":false},{"name":"Anabela Rato","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04137374914121099,"gpt":0.3426044998090901,"spread":0.3012307506678791,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006570162,0.0002805601,0.0002246688,0.0004872328,0.0002553772,0.000744579,0.0001964996,0.0004470352,0.00172845],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002455038,0.0001884045,0.000242894,0.0002418237,0.0004347819,0.0004199758,0.0007293181,0.000293005,0.0006101173],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000216452,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003366829,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002984708,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004155885,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995994,0.00007332877,0.00003220946,0.0001102941,0.00008160078,0.0001032526],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984809,0.0004699284,0.0003911929,0.0001012328,0.0002041361,0.000352642],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.003048099,0.0006802173,0.8611264,0.0001508178,0.00009730945,0.002557609,0.0232189,0.0001646297,0.07369925,0.0002918048,0.0001809818,0.03478399],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00000587198,0.0005373716,0.9932233,0.00001009553,0.0000113032,0.0005836606,0.003027811,0.00004763851,0.002129306,0.00004476765,0.0003683443,0.00001059145],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9993774,0.00002903844,0.00002493953,0.000004317048,9.178491e-7,0.000002177487,0.00003749867,0.000001130745,0.0005225848],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991697,0.00003905713,0.00005206979,0.0000073549,0.000001439159,0.000005636273,0.0001031655,0.000003672822,0.0006179692],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.002984708,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005934656,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3033554350","doi":"10.46538/hlj.16.1.4","title":"The Sociolinguistic Impact of Service-learning on Heritage Learners Sojourning in Spain","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Heritage Language Journal","topic":"Multilingual Education and Policy","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Coursework; Heritage language; Psychology; Study abroad; Language acquisition; Mathematics education; Pedagogy; Linguistics","authors":[{"name":"Francisco Salgado-Robles","is_ca":false},{"name":"Angela George","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03039226537348526,"gpt":0.4233105665233771,"spread":0.3929183011498918,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006083692,0.0002200608,0.0003847087,0.0006870129,0.001026329,0.001297402,0.0004090953,0.0003511176,0.001503652],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008605505,0.0001151655,0.0001994362,0.0003923512,0.0009422963,0.0003322642,0.00159735,0.0004274552,0.0002401741],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001242439,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009142822,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02983659,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.07315551,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999726,0.00008222445,0.00001291984,0.00004300735,0.00005173566,0.00008416568],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994954,0.00008706867,0.0001063237,0.00002606344,0.00008830033,0.0001969528],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003071221,0.0008892757,0.7330582,0.0001116595,0.00002809006,0.001831812,0.213784,0.0000960917,0.003937118,0.0002876336,0.0005179294,0.04515107],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000008500922,0.0002975531,0.6654953,0.00005999298,0.00001273781,0.0002677976,0.3301889,0.00008627618,0.0004073807,0.00009363316,0.00306678,0.00001511065],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9993786,0.00005914518,0.000009238382,0.0000222582,0.000002067415,0.000001804603,0.000009238945,9.256172e-7,0.0005167962],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991954,0.0001296212,0.00003391084,0.00001450352,0.000001474034,0.000002800161,0.00002345705,0.000001257237,0.0005976097],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02983659,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.05932587,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3126208099","doi":"10.46538/hlj.11.1.1","title":"The Discourses of Heritage Language Development: Engaging Ideologies in Canadian Hispanic Communities","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Heritage Language Journal","topic":"Multilingual Education and Policy","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Ideology; Conceptualization; Sociology; Embodied cognition; Variety (cybernetics); Heritage language; Ethnography; Perspective (graphical); Gender studies; Linguistics; Epistemology; Anthropology; Political science; Pedagogy; Politics","authors":[{"name":"Martin Guardado","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03457850005292287,"gpt":0.3922764886085337,"spread":0.3576979885556109,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.006368647,0.0008982085,0.0005877051,0.004564578,0.03890369,0.009368689,0.002243866,0.001440215,0.002621458],"category_scores_gemma":[0.008392262,0.0003948321,0.0003552953,0.004007028,0.0187061,0.002659935,0.007453658,0.002524558,0.000122352],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.08714119,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.08564712,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9684682,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9792258,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9965038,0.001272463,0.00007689838,0.0003311125,0.0006810503,0.001134674],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9946463,0.002320844,0.0003897095,0.0001517448,0.001289509,0.001201932],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002903654,0.00001553825,0.003524804,0.00002687713,0.000002700486,0.000381556,0.9883121,0.00004145372,0.0003525684,0.002882841,0.0003488316,0.0040817],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000001674367,0.000005424171,0.002052056,0.00004231133,0.000003985609,0.00004274041,0.9910188,0.00003760051,0.0001190826,0.0001827097,0.006484286,0.000009385509],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.977205,0.001096696,0.0003029147,0.001984209,0.00003903832,0.0000431127,0.00006974117,0.00001313942,0.01924623],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9962934,0.0008213464,0.0002510408,0.0001404618,0.000008148652,0.0000185881,0.00003044001,0.00001156775,0.002424959],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.08714119,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6322566,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3026138473","doi":"10.46538/hlj.17.1.1","title":"Geminate Attrition in the Speech of Arabic–English Bilinguals Living in Canada","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Heritage Language Journal","topic":"Phonetics and Phonology Research","field":"Psychology","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Attrition; Singleton; Psychology; Consonant; Linguistics; Arabic; Duration (music); Contrast (vision); Repetition (rhetorical device); Neuroscience of multilingualism; Audiology; Computer science; Vowel; Artificial intelligence; Medicine; Biology; Acoustics","authors":[{"name":"Anwar Alkhudidi","is_ca":true},{"name":"Ryan A. Stevenson","is_ca":true},{"name":"Yasaman Rafat","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03232608934313491,"gpt":0.3077990404426684,"spread":0.2754729510995335,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002613704,0.0002793845,0.0002745439,0.0007143482,0.00179944,0.0007792068,0.0002675461,0.0002540006,0.001580719],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001331966,0.0001858848,0.0001289917,0.0005915003,0.0005589443,0.0002099073,0.0006390218,0.0003123566,0.0002711236],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002799231,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.003297854,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.7920439,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.8969023,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997663,0.00002031353,0.00001312531,0.00005027451,0.00007877636,0.0000712117],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993101,0.00008950157,0.0001144763,0.00002311432,0.0003168588,0.0001459459],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000869886,0.0001088019,0.8586082,0.00008410805,0.0000262077,0.001532589,0.07720719,0.00008017439,0.03604257,0.0001370297,0.0003423427,0.0249608],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00000521321,0.00007809015,0.9790983,0.00001285253,0.00001206488,0.0005117758,0.01855804,0.0001249712,0.0008768389,0.00002568846,0.0006782225,0.00001789547],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9996477,0.00002683506,0.00001086334,0.00001212643,9.683106e-7,0.00000184875,0.00005915377,8.635755e-7,0.0002395004],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990293,0.00006911616,0.00005545648,0.00001247666,0.000001019115,0.000002693268,0.0001287939,0.000002447076,0.0006987422],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2079561,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4183616,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3212859288","doi":"10.1163/15507076-12340012","title":"Heritage Language Variation and Change – How Complex Is It?","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Heritage Language Journal","topic":"Linguistic Variation and Morphology","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Variable (mathematics); Context (archaeology); Heritage language; Variation (astronomy); Categorical variable; Homeland; Linguistics; Perspective (graphical); Computer science; Geography; Mathematics; Artificial intelligence; Statistics; Political science","authors":[{"name":"Naomi Nagy","is_ca":true},{"name":"Timothy Gadanidis","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.06673278656447121,"gpt":0.3416738870800854,"spread":0.2749411005156142,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004535333,0.0003460856,0.0006243251,0.002686152,0.00208835,0.007218346,0.0007766944,0.0008734663,0.005447867],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01731958,0.0001887221,0.0004033177,0.003588213,0.01471436,0.005583628,0.003207495,0.001512969,0.0002489737],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.003593794,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001186173,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02115517,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0212008,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9962229,0.001683693,0.0001162589,0.001121803,0.000520373,0.000334991],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9907106,0.005256252,0.001357861,0.001246657,0.0008590982,0.0005696623],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002922849,0.00008757639,0.2928532,0.0005146012,0.0003511675,0.001611678,0.1291276,0.002762897,0.002188838,0.3018958,0.00714518,0.2611692],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001419416,0.00007034338,0.487931,0.0006114078,0.000114673,0.0005507043,0.07153605,0.004302394,0.0007072333,0.3858313,0.04818601,0.0001447561],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8974869,0.0139472,0.01340762,0.02180216,0.0003437042,0.00004465803,0.0005373703,0.0001059157,0.05232433],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.997769,0.0005384297,0.0008151077,0.0002560366,0.00007027763,0.000009043532,0.00007549366,0.00002278454,0.0004437356],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02115517,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.04206407,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4382680052","doi":"10.1163/15507076-bja10017","title":"The Phonetic and Morphosyntactic Dimensions of Grammatical Gender in Spanish Heritage Language Acquisition","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Heritage Language Journal","topic":"Phonetics and Phonology Research","field":"Psychology","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada; University of Toronto","keywords":"Linguistics; Grammatical gender; Psychology; Grammar; Variation (astronomy); Phonetics; Noun; Vowel; Affect (linguistics); Age of Acquisition; Heritage language; Syntax; Communication; Cognition","authors":[{"name":"Ana Teresa Pérez‐Leroux","is_ca":true},{"name":"Yadira Álvarez López","is_ca":true},{"name":"Miguel Barreto","is_ca":true},{"name":"Alejandro Cuza","is_ca":false},{"name":"Irina Marinescu","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jierui Yang","is_ca":true},{"name":"Laura Colantoni","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0274767833716508,"gpt":0.3412475334736164,"spread":0.3137707501019655,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006174492,0.0001574053,0.0001858359,0.0006590456,0.0002060233,0.0006563397,0.0001525558,0.0001920284,0.002503743],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003468978,0.0001327049,0.0001137804,0.0003369405,0.0005649721,0.0003100549,0.0005723024,0.0001969222,0.0001759713],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003086033,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003913885,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01772158,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02903702,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996701,0.00008146977,0.00002254638,0.00006251946,0.00009696926,0.00006634901],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9977978,0.0008652938,0.00071084,0.0001285807,0.0003149536,0.0001825517],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001906923,0.00003289425,0.9682767,0.0000293457,0.00001864472,0.0004463331,0.009407547,0.00006378803,0.01155824,0.0001632994,0.00008120864,0.009731173],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000001613254,0.00002566449,0.9953948,0.000008250879,0.000003589763,0.0002721627,0.0033868,0.00009050854,0.0005745986,0.00007770911,0.0001608116,0.000003494991],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9993662,0.00004079011,0.00003798255,0.000009670796,6.534007e-7,7.158403e-7,0.00002440979,0.000001062513,0.0005185641],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997892,0.00002266625,0.00003876675,0.000002572429,5.160711e-7,9.23433e-7,0.00002290003,0.000001324969,0.0001211761],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01772158,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03523684,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3035939295","doi":"10.46538/hlj.15.3.1","title":"Motion Lexicalization in Chinese among Heritage Language Children in Canada","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Heritage Language Journal","topic":"Language, Metaphor, and Cognition","field":"Psychology","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Heritage language; Mandarin Chinese; Attrition; Psychology; Lexicalization; Linguistics; Motion (physics); First language; Developmental psychology; Medicine; Computer science","authors":[{"name":"Youran Lin","is_ca":true},{"name":"Elena Nicoladis","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.006919340897488827,"gpt":0.2621319799840462,"spread":0.2552126390865574,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003227416,0.0004371279,0.0004222846,0.001060193,0.002561214,0.001220621,0.0004584816,0.0002869153,0.001698768],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001104884,0.0002633784,0.0002687873,0.001301223,0.001223466,0.0004312281,0.0008405961,0.000466828,0.0001433285],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.005381019,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.006049061,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.8030747,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9042295,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999617,0.00002368743,0.0000198838,0.00005959269,0.0001240775,0.0001557292],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994153,0.00007754645,0.0001483667,0.00002232865,0.0002149031,0.00012158],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001229812,0.000105018,0.8089249,0.00009519889,0.00002031457,0.003263228,0.1590262,0.00008303126,0.009460879,0.0004320864,0.0006235879,0.01784252],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003666217,0.00005042734,0.9365323,0.0000211105,0.00001448089,0.0007301462,0.06061498,0.0001275795,0.0005428678,0.0000578343,0.00128456,0.0000200803],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9994256,0.00004363457,0.000006976957,0.00001349899,8.221323e-7,0.000002994562,0.00002861723,8.122613e-7,0.0004770136],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991415,0.0001014789,0.00004508674,0.00001219975,6.920083e-7,0.000004741465,0.00006861897,0.000001803397,0.0006238975],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1969253,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3961701,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W254609995","doi":"10.46538/hlj.5.1.6","title":"A Probe into Lexical Depth: What is the Direction of Transfer for L1 Literacy and L2 Development?","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Heritage Language Journal","topic":"Reading and Literacy Development","field":"Psychology","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Institute for Christian Studies; University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Residence; Literacy; Second language; Linguistics; First language; Psychology; Syntagmatic analysis; Computer science; Mathematics education; Sociology; Pedagogy","authors":[{"name":"Parto Pajoohesh","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01611731035080708,"gpt":0.3276975971716619,"spread":0.3115802868208548,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001541127,0.0002337891,0.0003321971,0.001090023,0.0003285855,0.001025728,0.0005066681,0.0005880155,0.004520831],"category_scores_gemma":[0.009251906,0.0001781118,0.0003041455,0.0004846795,0.002455737,0.00366554,0.001586558,0.001273193,0.0004600752],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006090684,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001080483,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002760516,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002788835,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999355,0.0001925076,0.00002124983,0.0001789017,0.000152882,0.00009956666],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9938461,0.003176945,0.00125382,0.0004713082,0.0005158245,0.0007359084],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001163587,0.0006092413,0.7051163,0.0004465548,0.0001269588,0.0009525642,0.02035868,0.0003417863,0.02561823,0.01019372,0.0005922169,0.2344802],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002899205,0.001257859,0.9721134,0.0001980801,0.00006094066,0.0006342705,0.01261205,0.0006030703,0.005330001,0.005322674,0.001810189,0.00002834985],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9903598,0.0008346129,0.0009978435,0.001429945,0.0000229913,0.00001382778,0.00005956452,0.00001860873,0.006262737],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984358,0.0002947701,0.0004107921,0.0001341165,0.00001453807,0.00001555723,0.00002235507,0.000006795541,0.0006653356],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.004520831,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01512367,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3093638966","doi":"10.46538/hlj.14.2.1","title":"The Role of Literary Instruction in the Development of Reading and Writing Skills in Spanish as a Heritage Language during Childhood","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Heritage Language Journal","topic":"Literacy and Educational Practices","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Fluency; Phonological awareness; Heritage language; Vocabulary; Literacy; Psychology; Reading (process); Phonemic awareness; Vocabulary development; Mathematics education; Pedagogy; Linguistics; Teaching method","authors":[{"name":"Alejandro Cuza","is_ca":false},{"name":"Lauren Miller","is_ca":false},{"name":"Adrian Pasquarella","is_ca":false},{"name":"Xi Chen","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.007713389935855966,"gpt":0.3110281199930411,"spread":0.3033147300571851,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005492982,0.0002767372,0.0001802247,0.0005308891,0.000337188,0.00060581,0.0002839971,0.0002624812,0.0007484647],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003270459,0.0001235446,0.0002018001,0.000178229,0.0005446949,0.0002910308,0.0004762995,0.0003367755,0.0001820895],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003896754,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009000456,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004457059,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01007409,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996601,0.000120927,0.00001503853,0.00004823673,0.00006791152,0.00008782111],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986457,0.0005085469,0.0003608677,0.00007390579,0.0001683732,0.0002426219],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001159975,0.002489599,0.5729406,0.0006394759,0.00009086655,0.005613382,0.04030544,0.0002742369,0.05950911,0.0008925369,0.0006995375,0.3153852],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001916671,0.0008811607,0.9809855,0.00009977039,0.00005533324,0.001120281,0.008108229,0.00008853576,0.005612267,0.0001629312,0.002855086,0.00001183003],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9972847,0.0005929587,0.00007972746,0.00003498498,0.000005052013,0.000006786567,0.00001399341,0.000006318595,0.001975617],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9967979,0.00105529,0.0006586687,0.00002053701,0.00000558301,0.00001708579,0.00005364474,0.00000644132,0.001384839],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.004457059,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.008862197,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4401175579","doi":"10.1163/15507076-bja10026","title":"Digital Storytelling to Amplify Heritage Learner Identities and Voices","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Heritage Language Journal","topic":"Digital Storytelling and Education","field":"Health Professions","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Digital storytelling; Storytelling; Identity (music); Multimedia; Sociology; Computer science; Art; Narrative; Aesthetics; Literature","authors":[{"name":"Angela George","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03095334242339027,"gpt":0.3672376585234047,"spread":0.3362843161000144,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.005474618,0.0007123445,0.0002785473,0.001813628,0.005372467,0.007513674,0.001395278,0.001119226,0.00741274],"category_scores_gemma":[0.006899478,0.0002379091,0.0002858439,0.0009406027,0.007368333,0.004688193,0.00894852,0.001358974,0.0007490013],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001960703,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001653472,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002264462,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004677951,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9959145,0.003084368,0.00006757872,0.0002252493,0.000338519,0.0003698323],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9924911,0.005490619,0.0004643855,0.0006060125,0.0003631861,0.0005847021],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007604771,0.0000895656,0.004393055,0.0002018057,0.00001087614,0.001201104,0.9455523,0.0001487281,0.002291654,0.008856233,0.001620009,0.03555863],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001876377,0.00009360025,0.002327456,0.0002366072,0.00001861668,0.001186147,0.8877511,0.0004348972,0.002523782,0.003612597,0.1017747,0.00002164113],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9143851,0.001041326,0.0143721,0.002376889,0.0001373787,0.0001890799,0.0001156003,0.0001541469,0.06722835],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9866512,0.0004019622,0.004927265,0.0001595864,0.00003221141,0.00007323537,0.0000405447,0.00003931879,0.00767469],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.007513674,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02895284,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3033155117","doi":"10.46538/hlj.16.1.6","title":"Book Review: Heritage Language Policies around the World. (2018). Corinne A. Seals and Sheena Shah (Eds.) New York, NY: Routledge","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Heritage Language Journal","topic":"Multilingual Education and Policy","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Heritage language; Visibility; History; Art history; Political science; Sociology; Geography; Linguistics; Philosophy; Meteorology","authors":[{"name":"Ava Becker","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03557644958870617,"gpt":0.387166355961187,"spread":0.3515899063724809,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001626309,0.001755456,0.001939059,0.005037935,0.001147479,0.004451472,0.001985065,0.00275079,0.05373183],"category_scores_gemma":[0.008235213,0.0007145573,0.0006894207,0.00775996,0.001140698,0.004209753,0.001459716,0.003980959,0.03000722],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.003539744,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.009304143,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02339649,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.04481364,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988371,0.0002027901,0.0001275676,0.0001079249,0.0006318903,0.00009284222],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9926718,0.003216175,0.0006578897,0.0001377504,0.002863437,0.0004528232],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007242911,0.000005135841,0.00003413811,0.001061517,0.000005559675,0.00001451772,0.00003026691,0.00002990174,0.000016869,0.0005047295,0.9459859,0.05230426],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00000625534,0.000007976307,0.0003363238,0.00406138,0.00001199352,0.0001067456,0.00008955967,0.00001635219,0.00002386911,0.0005554178,0.994774,0.00001013684],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.00008188505,0.9358295,0.0001628064,0.02324747,0.02361503,0.00003222145,0.0005551046,0.0000626656,0.01641333],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.001114139,0.9294657,0.0003527269,0.01095477,0.01172042,0.00008055315,0.0009233575,0.00005761646,0.04533073],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.05373183,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1797509,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3205230828","doi":"10.1163/15507076-12340004","title":"Some Morphosyntactic Features of Russian as a Heritage Language in the Speech of Bi/Multilingual Children in Canada","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Heritage Language Journal","topic":"Multilingual Education and Policy","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Coquitlam College; University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"Linguistics; Syntax; Noun; Heritage language; Morpho; Psychology; Agreement; History","authors":[{"name":"Veronika Makarova","is_ca":true},{"name":"Natalia Terekhova","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01679676338205324,"gpt":0.3598475965259385,"spread":0.3430508331438853,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004263121,0.0003585699,0.0003251623,0.001249493,0.001890232,0.001544741,0.0003789443,0.0002502309,0.001475708],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001191043,0.0002442579,0.0002219797,0.001420568,0.001120827,0.0002339256,0.0009084368,0.000467451,0.0003346491],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.004288008,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.006101348,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.8830593,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.943588,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996219,0.00003663688,0.0000177456,0.00005115681,0.0001378607,0.0001346913],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990801,0.0001356324,0.0001586833,0.00002531225,0.0004531447,0.0001471891],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002665778,0.00007683548,0.7935349,0.0001356785,0.00004132782,0.003381632,0.1424644,0.0002900757,0.02993364,0.0006009463,0.0006273594,0.02864667],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000002290303,0.00004282361,0.9560999,0.00002099487,0.00001639013,0.0006386748,0.03995094,0.000119053,0.001365596,0.00003180806,0.001691416,0.00002010549],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9986752,0.0000758571,0.00002164202,0.00001678486,0.000001265002,0.000004584197,0.0001509289,0.000002659836,0.001050997],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984957,0.0001628901,0.00009566287,0.000009493484,6.323629e-7,0.000006767698,0.0002023183,0.000005277952,0.001021343],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1169407,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2352588,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4417517168","doi":"10.1163/15507076-bja10052","title":"Cross-generational Phonetic Drift in Toronto Heritage Tagalog: a Variationist Sociolinguistic Investigation of VOT in Spontaneous Speech","year":2025,"lang":"","type":"article","venue":"Heritage Language Journal","topic":"Linguistic Variation and Morphology","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Variation (astronomy); Tagalog; Sociolinguistics; Heritage language; Homeland","authors":[{"name":"Pocholo Umbal","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01224026025961959,"gpt":0.321831836671195,"spread":0.3095915764115754,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004836007,0.0001681431,0.0001487926,0.0009639807,0.0006461805,0.0007083221,0.000221343,0.000147241,0.00112577],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001454875,0.0001001397,0.0001045561,0.0009203496,0.0006796566,0.0001929622,0.0006198508,0.0001424191,0.0001054986],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001067094,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005980739,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.1565809,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.3556339,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997768,0.00005622006,0.00001250224,0.00005022563,0.00006450526,0.00003983088],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993218,0.0002162779,0.0001404662,0.00007227297,0.0001862744,0.00006287502],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000373624,0.00002354167,0.8354229,0.0001103467,0.0001026285,0.001697895,0.08690557,0.0003240636,0.04930003,0.0006286862,0.000376166,0.02473463],"study_design_scores_gemma":[6.840789e-7,0.00001879137,0.9922802,0.00000410114,0.000007137497,0.0001517649,0.006565486,0.00008149983,0.0004607188,0.00002414688,0.0004003972,0.000004957229],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.99919,0.00005589563,0.0001154442,0.000007512986,0.000001292243,0.000003161341,0.000117242,0.000001684468,0.0005078294],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995722,0.00003369175,0.00009684821,0.000001991831,8.530124e-7,0.000002720019,0.00009420131,0.000001593453,0.0001958833],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8434191,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.311339,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4401669089","doi":"10.1163/15507076-bja10029","title":"HL Mandarin Speakers Toss the Same Way as Fluent Mandarin Speakers","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Heritage Language Journal","topic":"Neurobiology of Language and Bilingualism","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus; University of British Columbia; McGill University; University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Mandarin Chinese; Linguistics; Verb; Semantics (computer science); Psychology; Computer science; Philosophy","authors":[{"name":"Huong T. T. Hoang","is_ca":true},{"name":"Yondu Mori","is_ca":true},{"name":"Elena Nicoladis","is_ca":true},{"name":"Helena Hong Gao","is_ca":false},{"name":"Yu Du","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01756048078308291,"gpt":0.2941841985276475,"spread":0.2766237177445646,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005425401,0.000239132,0.0002228122,0.0003589817,0.0003539005,0.000723315,0.0001734541,0.0002903969,0.007218039],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001786496,0.0001231867,0.0001218294,0.0001021532,0.00050434,0.0005623335,0.000384557,0.0003852463,0.0007565031],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001274702,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001421158,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00189037,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002368209,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997268,0.00005223669,0.00003831783,0.00007385088,0.00007209954,0.00003658506],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989279,0.000351155,0.0002593103,0.0001604095,0.0001985571,0.000102713],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001453504,0.0006444059,0.2410347,0.0002062322,0.0001150782,0.003882658,0.04576778,0.0001800775,0.6460178,0.002027511,0.001132902,0.05753739],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009801776,0.001811997,0.9066097,0.00006413686,0.0001061937,0.009028416,0.02341636,0.0009364751,0.05009812,0.001705434,0.006045413,0.00007972345],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9979907,0.00002725985,0.0001136446,0.00001855478,0.00000452879,0.000006085228,0.00002457558,0.000007514167,0.0018072],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9980976,0.00002858801,0.0002442042,0.00003132218,0.000003089507,0.000007642871,0.00003766764,0.000005463317,0.001544397],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.007218039,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02414674,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}