{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":7,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":7,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12","author_layer_release":"2026-06-26"},"query_hash":"a5605e86a81f","filters":{"venue":"Hexagon series on human and environmental security and peace"}},"results":[{"id":"W187444096","doi":"10.1007/978-3-642-17776-7_94","title":"Political Geoecology for the Anthropocene","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Hexagon series on human and environmental security and peace","topic":"Global Energy and Sustainability Research","field":"Energy","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"","keywords":"Anthropocene; Geopolitics; Realm; Politics; Environmental ethics; Epistemology; Nobel laureate; Philosophy; Political science; Law","authors":[{"name":"Hans Günter Brauch","is_ca":false},{"name":"Simon Dalby","is_ca":true},{"name":"Úrsula Oswald Spring","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03186841942252423,"gpt":0.2715070170151844,"spread":0.2396385975926602,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001739592,0.000352341,0.0003500081,0.00004192979,0.0007681552,0.00004723023,0.0001647306,0.0004398065,0.002550123],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001386809,0.0002742649,0.0001148572,0.000007725477,0.001930682,0.00007640469,0.0002302951,0.0004462154,0.00002610705],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001149492,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001595081,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003932366,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005590865,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985366,0.00004867945,0.0002291923,0.000494146,0.0001763718,0.0005150397],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999211,0.0001669786,0.00005754569,0.0003330612,0.000009907347,0.0002215582],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003131653,0.00007452191,0.00005514213,0.0001026207,0.00007737323,0.00001513288,0.0003443097,0.000001699403,0.000007625109,0.9936473,0.0006422374,0.004718861],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000360569,0.0007997904,0.0005549137,0.00001630666,0.00004891425,0.00003570211,0.0007384307,0.000007717867,0.00006402614,0.2856975,0.7113958,0.0002802697],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.04434167,0.007822776,0.000005925074,0.002017532,0.0002426549,0.0008400821,0.00041801,0.00006841187,0.944243],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8365276,0.006290705,0.000008313807,0.0006732284,0.0002402123,0.00004898151,0.0002274583,0.00005465824,0.1559288],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.792186,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999971,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2214844341","doi":"10.1007/978-3-540-68488-6_20","title":"Environmental Scarcities and Civil Violence","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Hexagon series on human and environmental security and peace","topic":"Transboundary Water Resource Management","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Centre for International Governance Innovation","funders":"","keywords":"Unrest; Social unrest; Development economics; Politics; Political science; Political economy; Economics; Law","authors":[{"name":"Thomas Homer‐Dixon","is_ca":true},{"name":"Tom Deligiannis","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0163670964869427,"gpt":0.2246051495396457,"spread":0.208238053052703,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002128329,0.0004474841,0.0003635573,0.00008643293,0.001329809,0.0002451906,0.0001584557,0.0002710929,0.001093592],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000001164166,0.0004800427,0.00007118023,0.000008831077,0.002597037,0.0002361657,0.0001812715,0.000390218,0.00002847688],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001352684,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007038308,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001951006,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001047989,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981962,0.00007367942,0.0002447554,0.0006445848,0.0004698624,0.0003708625],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993836,0.00002821477,0.0001051926,0.0002203945,0.000001136737,0.0002614435],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007374693,0.0006703539,0.00688534,0.0008445681,0.0004779444,0.0003380421,0.2487881,0.000006415667,0.0006040258,0.4427723,0.003681012,0.2941944],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003791029,0.0004531259,0.005094688,0.0002171386,0.00006902359,0.00001453515,0.007360497,0.000001035592,0.00002547156,0.0154182,0.970338,0.0006291604],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6370966,0.01191586,9.149051e-7,0.0007396164,0.00009778638,0.0007085692,0.000352821,0.00009676955,0.348991],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8222174,0.07062559,0.0000106176,0.0004581183,0.0001626436,0.000008173449,0.0001056441,0.00003669474,0.1063751],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.966657,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999703,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W136436653","doi":"10.1007/978-3-540-68488-6_59","title":"Environmental Security Concepts Revisited During the First Three Phases (1983-2006)","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Hexagon series on human and environmental security and peace","topic":"Transboundary Water Resource Management","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"","keywords":"Scope (computer science); Environmental science; Computer science","authors":[{"name":"Simon Dalby","is_ca":true},{"name":"Hans Günter Brauch","is_ca":true},{"name":"Úrsula Oswald Spring","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0164951446052709,"gpt":0.243770110496457,"spread":0.2272749658911861,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003134221,0.0006344212,0.0004991515,0.00008430114,0.003182987,0.0003561863,0.0003741647,0.0003384716,0.00266638],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000002928395,0.0005674729,0.0001751861,0.0000243087,0.002667444,0.000292295,0.0002520846,0.000678603,0.00006005277],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003003695,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009163319,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000257761,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003037971,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9974208,0.0001003948,0.0004050324,0.0008224368,0.0007099573,0.0005413661],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990132,0.00005482167,0.0002166271,0.0004566228,0.000002509675,0.0002562286],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.003304224,0.003149749,0.03195536,0.002549998,0.002214015,0.001304566,0.5715687,0.00004739991,0.0009846918,0.2933127,0.02469749,0.06491105],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007009725,0.0003247385,0.007661713,0.0001696369,0.0001086867,0.00001758334,0.003319097,0.000001538267,0.00003929311,0.0043535,0.9826261,0.0006771306],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7567478,0.01066901,8.792395e-7,0.001999252,0.0001447396,0.001665633,0.0009869438,0.0001664916,0.2276193],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9106285,0.01983427,0.000003927013,0.0007241794,0.000400591,0.00001893866,0.0002222034,0.0000565986,0.0681108],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9579286,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996777,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2136415134","doi":"10.1007/978-3-540-75977-5_9","title":"Security and Environment Linkages Revisited","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Hexagon series on human and environmental security and peace","topic":"Transboundary Water Resource Management","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"","keywords":"Skepticism; Geopolitics; Articulation (sociology); Political science; Politics; Sustainable development; Context (archaeology); Environmental ethics; Scarcity; Political economy; Sociology; Epistemology; Geography; Law; Economics","authors":[{"name":"Simon Dalby","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02298153823422248,"gpt":0.2356396009117418,"spread":0.2126580626775193,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002876161,0.0005368341,0.0005008143,0.0001049224,0.00166014,0.0002074859,0.0001727762,0.0003997341,0.001331464],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000002753099,0.0005676742,0.00009602788,0.00001410807,0.00245176,0.0002128411,0.0002822837,0.0005764331,0.00005331769],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000153971,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000863343,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002118593,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000254966,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9977509,0.0001250285,0.0003343396,0.0008266972,0.0005517757,0.0004112102],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991293,0.00004344383,0.0001554122,0.000322273,0.000002691545,0.0003468832],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007875277,0.001254045,0.008050278,0.002627477,0.001308964,0.001039397,0.6500913,0.00001295322,0.0003605564,0.2580448,0.03389496,0.04252771],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000421766,0.0003276291,0.001514041,0.0001249484,0.00007923105,0.00001963405,0.002699298,0.000001434448,0.00001719651,0.003544238,0.990638,0.0006126358],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4818838,0.0297739,0.000002319307,0.002384678,0.0001416088,0.001703863,0.0006317899,0.0001990003,0.483279],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.5743822,0.2968753,0.00002213383,0.0005744977,0.0003141361,0.00001837113,0.0002991075,0.00007628646,0.1274379],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.956743,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996775,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W29797067","doi":"10.1007/978-3-540-68488-6_83","title":"Human Security in North America: A Canadian Perspective","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Hexagon series on human and environmental security and peace","topic":"Health and Conflict Studies","field":"Health Professions","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"","keywords":"Perspective (graphical); Human security; Terrain; Geography; Political science; History; Cartography; Computer science; Law; Artificial intelligence","authors":[{"name":"David Black","is_ca":true},{"name":"Larry A. Swatuk","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04137052570886211,"gpt":0.3303918359151987,"spread":0.2890213102063365,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001698642,0.0005544706,0.0007322634,0.0002278736,0.002198044,0.00002254817,0.0001289715,0.0005159212,0.001364579],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000008895186,0.0005722706,0.00007603462,0.00003516418,0.0005514453,0.0001224113,0.0001463606,0.001842937,0.0001137409],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000825243,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001097554,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.06588493,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.5591659,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9976014,0.0001243656,0.0005263459,0.0007257894,0.0002436204,0.0007784411],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987327,0.00005696529,0.0002174412,0.000310457,0.00001405876,0.0006683176],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005267852,0.0004157802,0.01922572,0.001287512,0.0002572273,0.0005259209,0.7882604,0.00000140333,0.00001867653,0.1649454,0.01707769,0.007457478],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006861064,0.0006646823,0.03863822,0.0002403746,0.00003180327,0.000005808487,0.02455477,0.000001198065,4.790593e-7,0.00433072,0.9302649,0.00058087],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4092903,0.00675624,3.788898e-8,0.003789988,0.0001317561,0.001289723,0.0009773362,0.00005885929,0.5777057],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8692563,0.01777883,0.000003373832,0.009322328,0.0003956706,0.00007481381,0.000475159,0.00006942732,0.1026241],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9131873,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996729,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W166365114","doi":"10.1007/978-3-642-17776-7_49","title":"Societal Vulnerability to Desertification and Policy Response Options","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Hexagon series on human and environmental security and peace","topic":"Rangeland Management and Livestock Ecology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"United Nations University Institute for Water, Environment, and Health","funders":"","keywords":"Desertification; Land degradation; Livelihood; Vulnerability (computing); Ecosystem services; Geography; Environmental science; Agroforestry; Environmental resource management; Natural resource economics; Ecosystem; Agriculture; Ecology; Economics; Biology","authors":[{"name":"Zafar Adeel","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03202519397863678,"gpt":0.260150006125382,"spread":0.2281248121467452,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002921691,0.0003205731,0.0002564465,0.00007005435,0.0005602816,0.00005093273,0.0001074671,0.0002321296,0.002665795],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000008916757,0.0003187594,0.00005061878,0.00001960785,0.0007817745,0.0001892295,0.0004012643,0.0002609393,0.0001619067],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001371042,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004055254,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001349983,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003624792,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986824,0.00007909368,0.0002158865,0.0006240359,0.0001560736,0.0002425066],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993488,0.00004368059,0.00008713877,0.0002775586,0.000001264846,0.0002415459],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.01197595,0.002317107,0.04134171,0.0008465428,0.0007503368,0.0001500316,0.09203027,0.00006558929,0.03051229,0.6280332,0.06989428,0.1220827],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004662066,0.001370463,0.2780273,0.00003237025,0.00007229239,0.00003069107,0.0006120203,0.000006549115,0.00009632474,0.02241328,0.6961765,0.0006960112],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9113905,0.0004012089,0.00000561358,0.0008788981,0.00004534623,0.0005405851,0.000100399,0.00003690732,0.08660055],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.806367,0.003466502,0.00006812609,0.0004049308,0.00007248479,0.0000388059,0.00009810329,0.00003369332,0.1894504],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6262822,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999264,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W69964657","doi":"10.1007/978-3-642-28012-2_15","title":"15 Migrants’ Citizenship and Rights: Limits and Potential for NGOs’ Advocacy in Chile","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Hexagon series on human and environmental security and peace","topic":"Migration, Racism, and Human Rights","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"International Development Research Centre","keywords":"Citizenship; Promotion (chess); Political science; Public administration; Political economy; Sociology; Law; Politics","authors":[{"name":"Claudia Mora","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jeff Handmaker","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02188043511460257,"gpt":0.249318544758524,"spread":0.2274381096439214,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002097048,0.0003629743,0.0003954624,0.000105891,0.001355591,0.0002013686,0.00008881964,0.000376246,0.0009132748],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000004108408,0.0003391229,0.00006016449,0.00001055386,0.0008710407,0.0002523303,0.00005652958,0.0002840729,0.00001108645],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004406212,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001259567,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003406952,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02705144,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998538,0.0000633907,0.000283645,0.0005645938,0.0002401035,0.0003103376],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994158,0.00006651326,0.0001316804,0.0001419008,0.00000667005,0.0002374492],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006200371,0.0002671637,0.0008909921,0.000610676,0.0001807379,0.00005162748,0.509768,7.430222e-7,0.0002184991,0.4645581,0.01621099,0.006622447],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002977592,0.001214782,0.01681362,0.0004810836,0.0001798892,0.00004569069,0.02522571,0.00001915376,0.00008161792,0.443787,0.5074111,0.001762824],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9596702,0.005127238,0.000001073765,0.0001444305,0.00009280258,0.0007903242,0.0001902747,0.00002944723,0.03395417],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8896257,0.0182529,0.0000210188,0.00017524,0.000333257,0.00002743563,0.000211709,0.00002927156,0.09132344],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4912001,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999718,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}